A Survey of London
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A SVRVAY OF LONDON.
Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of
that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London.
Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning
that Citie, the greatnesse thereof.
With an Appendix, containing in Latine,
Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini
: Written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second.
Imprinted by Iohn Wolfe, Printer to the honorable Citie of London: And are to be sold
at his shop within the Popes head Alley in Lombard street. 1598.
TO THE RIGHT Honorable, the Lord Mayor of the Citie of London, to the communaltie,
and Citizens of the same, Iohn Stow Citizen, wisheth long health and
felicitie.
SInce the first publishing of the perambulation of Kent, by that learned
Gentleman M. William Lambert Esquire, I haue hearde of sundry other able
persons to haue (according to the desire of that au
thor) assayed to doe somewhat for the particular Shires and Connties1, where they were borne, or dwelt, of which none that I knowe (sauing M. Nor
den, for the Counties of Middlesex, & Hertford) haue vouchsafed their labors
mongst our selues: but also might giue occasion, and courage to M. Camdin to increase and beutifie his singular worke of the whole, to the view of the learned that be abroade. I haue attemp
ted the discouery of London, my natiue soile and Countrie, at the desire and perswasion of some my good friendes, aswell because I haue seene sundrie an
tiquities my selfe touching that place, as also for that through search of Recordes to other purposes, dyuers written helpes are come to my handes, which few o
thers haue fortuned to meete withall, it is a seruice that most agreeth with my
ed any, I chose rather (amongst other my Laboures) to handle it after my plaine manner, then to leaue it vnper
formed. Touching the Dedication, I am not doubtfull where to seeke my patrone, since you be a politique estate of the Citie, as the walles & buildinges be the materiall partes of the same. To
thority I may be protected, as warran
ted by your own skill and vnderstand
ing of that which I haue written, I con
fes that I lacked my desire to the accō
plishment of some speciall partes; but I trust hereafter that shalbe supplied, and I professe (if more touching this worke come vnto me) to afforde it, in all dutie. In the meane time, I recommend this to your view, my laboures to your consi
deration, and my selfe to your ser
uice, (as I haue professed du
ring life) in this or any other.
thor) assayed to doe somewhat for the particular Shires and Connties1, where they were borne, or dwelt, of which none that I knowe (sauing M. Nor
den, for the Counties of Middlesex, & Hertford) haue vouchsafed their labors
to
A2
The Epistle
to the commō good in that behalf. And therefore
concurring with the first, in the same desire to haue drawn together such speciall
descriptions of each place, as might not onely make vp an whole body of the English
Chronographie amongst our selues: but also might giue occasion, and courage to M. Camdin to increase and beutifie his singular worke of the whole, to the view of the learned that be abroade. I haue attemp
ted the discouery of London, my natiue soile and Countrie, at the desire and perswasion of some my good friendes, aswell because I haue seene sundrie an
tiquities my selfe touching that place, as also for that through search of Recordes to other purposes, dyuers written helpes are come to my handes, which few o
thers haue fortuned to meete withall, it is a seruice that most agreeth with my
professed
Dedicatorie.
professed trauelles. It is a duty, that I
willingly ow to my natiue mother & Countrie. And an office that of right I holde
my selfe bound in loue to bestow vpon the politike body and members of the same: what
London hath beene of auncient time, men may here see, as what it is now
euery man doth behold: I know that the argument, being of the chiefe and
principall Citie of the land, required the penne of some excellent Artisen, but
fearing that none woulde attempt, and finish it, as few haue assayed any, I chose rather (amongst other my Laboures) to handle it after my plaine manner, then to leaue it vnper
formed. Touching the Dedication, I am not doubtfull where to seeke my patrone, since you be a politique estate of the Citie, as the walles & buildinges be the materiall partes of the same. To
you
A3
The Epistle.
you therefore, doe I addresse this my whole
labour, as well that by your authority I may be protected, as warran
ted by your own skill and vnderstand
ing of that which I haue written, I con
fes that I lacked my desire to the accō
plishment of some speciall partes; but I trust hereafter that shalbe supplied, and I professe (if more touching this worke come vnto me) to afforde it, in all dutie. In the meane time, I recommend this to your view, my laboures to your consi
deration, and my selfe to your ser
uice, (as I haue professed du
ring life) in this or any other.
A Table of the Chapters contained in this Booke.
-
OF the antiquitie of London. fol. 1.
-
The wall about the Citie of London, fol. 6.
-
Of the ancient & present riuers, Brooks, Boornes, Pooles, Wels, and Conduits of fresh water, seruing the Citie, as also the ditch compassing the wal of the same. fol. 10
-
Of the bridges of this Citie fol. 19
-
Gates in the wall of this Citie. fol. 25
-
Of Towers and Castelles. fol. 37.
-
Of Schooles and other houses of learning. fol. 53.
-
Houses of students of the Common Law. fol. 58.
-
Of Orders and Customes of the citizens. fol. 60.
-
Sportes and pastimes of old time vsed in this citie. fol. 67.
-
Watches in London. 74.
-
Honor of citizens & worthines of men in the same. fol. 78
-
The Citie of London diuided into parts. fol. 82.
-
Portsoken Warde. fol. 85.
-
Towerstreet Warde. fol. 94.
-
Ealdgate Warde. fol. 102.
-
Limestreete Warde. fol. 114.
-
Bishopsgate Warde, fol. 126.
-
Brodestreet Warde. fol. 136.
-
Cornehill Warde. fol. 146
-
Langborne warde and Fenny about. fol. 156.
-
Billinsgate warde. fol. 165.
-
Bridge warde within. fol. 167.
-
Candlewike street ward. fol. 170
-
Walbrooke warde. fol. 176
-
Downegate warde. fol. 182
-
Vintry warde. 189
-
Cheape warde. 207
-
Colemanstreete ward. 220
-
Bassinges hall ward. 225
-
Cripplegate warde. 230
-
Aldersgate warde. 242
-
Bredstreete warde. 279
-
Queene Hith warde. 286
-
The warde of Faringdon, extra or without. 303
-
Bridge ward without (the 26. in number) cōsisting of the Borough of Southwarke in the county of Surrey. 329.
-
The Suburbes without the walles of the citty, briefly touched, as also without the Liberties more at large described. 346
-
Liberties of the Dutchie of Lancaster without Temple Barre. 365
-
The Citie of Westminster, with the Antiquities, Monu
ments, Bounds and Liberties thereof. 370 -
Spirituall, or ecclesiastical gouernment. 395
-
Parish Churches in the Citie of London, the Borough of Southwarke, the suburbes, and Citie of Westminster. 407
-
Hospitalles in this City, and Suburbes. 412.
-
Of Leprose people and Lazar houses. 414.
-
Temporall gouernement of this Citty. 415.
-
An Apologie or defence against the opinions of &c. 467.
-
Singularities in the same expressed. 470.
-
An Appendix, contayning an auncient Authour, who wrate in the raigne of Henry the second, his booke en
tituled, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini , neuer be
fore imprinted.
A
1
A Suruay of London, conteyning the o
riginall, antiquitie, increase, moderne estate, and description of that Cittie.
riginall, antiquitie, increase, moderne estate, and description of that Cittie.
AS Rome the chiefe Citie of the world to glorifie it selfe, drew her
originall from the Gods, Goddesses, and demy Gods, by the Troian progeny. So this
famous Citie of London for greater glorie, and in emu
lation of Rome, deriueth it selfe from the very same originall. For (as Ieffery of Monmoth, the Welche Historian repor
teth Brute descended from the demy god Eneas, the sonne of Ve
nus, daughter of Iupiter, aboute the yeare of the world 2855. the yeare before Christes natiuitie, 1108. builded a Citie neare vn
to a riuer now called Thames, and named it Troynouant. or Tre
nouant.
lation of Rome, deriueth it selfe from the very same originall. For (as Ieffery of Monmoth, the Welche Historian repor
teth Brute descended from the demy god Eneas, the sonne of Ve
nus, daughter of Iupiter, aboute the yeare of the world 2855. the yeare before Christes natiuitie, 1108. builded a Citie neare vn
to a riuer now called Thames, and named it Troynouant. or Tre
nouant.
Trinouan
tum hath the writen Copies.
tum hath the writen Copies.
King Lud afterwarde not onely repayred this Cittie, but also added fayre
buildings, Towres, and wals, and called it after his owne name
Caire-Lud
Caire-Lud, the Citie of Lud, but Luds town is a
Saxon word.
or Luds towne, and the strong gate which he builded in
the west part of the Cittie, hée likewise for his owne honor named it
Ludgate.
This Lud had issue two sons, Androgeus, and Themantius,
who being not of age to gouerne at the death of their Father: their Unckle
Cassibilan, tooke vpon him the crowne, about the eight yeare of whose
raigne2
, Iulius Cesar ariued in this land with a
greate power of Romains to conquer it, the manner of which con
quest I will summarily set down out of his own Commentaries, which are of farre better credit, then the relations of Geffery Monmouth.
quest I will summarily set down out of his own Commentaries, which are of farre better credit, then the relations of Geffery Monmouth.
Cesars Co
mentaries. liber. 5.
mentaries. liber. 5.
The chiefe gouernement of the Britons, and ordering of the warres, was then
by common aduice committed to Cassibilan, whose Signiorie was seperated from
the Cities towardes the sea coast, by the riuer called Thames, about
fourescore miles from the sea, this Cassibilan in times past, had made
continuall warre vpon the Cities adioyning, but the Britons being moued with
led Mandubrace, vpon confidence of Celars helpe, came vnto him into the maine land of Gallia now called France, and thereby es
caped death, which he should haue suffered at Cassibilans hande,) sent their Ambassadors to Cesar, promising to yeeld vnto him, and to doe what he should commande them, instantly desiring him, to protect Mandubrace from the furious tirannie of Cassibilan, and to send him into their Cittie, with authority to take the gouern
ment thereof vpon him. Cesar accepted the offer, and appointed them to geue vnto him 40. Hostages, and withall to finde him graine for his army, and so sent he Mandubrace vnto them.
the
B
2
Antiquity of London.
the Romaines inuasion, had
resolued in that necessitie to make him their Soueraigne and Generall of the warres
(which continued hot betwéene the Romains and them) but in the meane while,
the Trinobantes
Trinobants Citizens of London
which was then
the strongest Cittie well neare of al those countries (and out of which Citie a young
gentleman called Mandubrace, vpon confidence of Celars helpe, came vnto him into the maine land of Gallia now called France, and thereby es
caped death, which he should haue suffered at Cassibilans hande,) sent their Ambassadors to Cesar, promising to yeeld vnto him, and to doe what he should commande them, instantly desiring him, to protect Mandubrace from the furious tirannie of Cassibilan, and to send him into their Cittie, with authority to take the gouern
ment thereof vpon him. Cesar accepted the offer, and appointed them to geue vnto him 40. Hostages, and withall to finde him graine for his army, and so sent he Mandubrace vnto them.
When others saw that Cesar had not onelie defended the Tri
nobantes against Cassibilan, but had also saued them harmeles from the pillage of his own souldiers, then did the Conimagues, Se
gontians, Ancalits, Bibrokes, and Cassians, likewise submit themselues vnto him, and by them he learned that not farre from thence was Cassibilans towne,
nobantes against Cassibilan, but had also saued them harmeles from the pillage of his own souldiers, then did the Conimagues, Se
gontians, Ancalits, Bibrokes, and Cassians, likewise submit themselues vnto him, and by them he learned that not farre from thence was Cassibilans towne,
Cassibilans
towne west from Lon
don for Ce
sar saith 80. miles from the sea, Cities of the Britaines were com
bersom woods for
tified.
fortified with woods, and marish ground, into
the which hee had gathered a greate number both of men and cattell.
don for Ce
sar saith 80. miles from the sea, Cities of the Britaines were com
bersom woods for
tified.
For the Brittons call that a town (saith Cesar) when they haue
fortified a combarsom wood with a ditch and rampire, and the
ther they resorte to abide the approach of their ennemies, to this place therefore marched Cesar, with his Legions, hee founde it ex
cellentlie fortified both of nature, and by mans aduice: neuerthe
lesse he resolued to assault it in two seuerall places at once, where
upon the Brittons being not able to endure the force of the Ro
maines, fled out at an other parte, and left the towne vnto him: a greate number of cattell he found there, and many of the Britons he slew, and other he tooke in the chase.
ther they resorte to abide the approach of their ennemies, to this place therefore marched Cesar, with his Legions, hee founde it ex
cellentlie fortified both of nature, and by mans aduice: neuerthe
lesse he resolued to assault it in two seuerall places at once, where
upon the Brittons being not able to endure the force of the Ro
maines, fled out at an other parte, and left the towne vnto him: a greate number of cattell he found there, and many of the Britons he slew, and other he tooke in the chase.
Whilst these thinges were a doing in these quarters, Cassibi
lan sent messengers into Kent, which lieth vpon the sea, in which there raigned then 4. particular kinges, named Cingetorix, Car
uil, Taximagul, and Segonax, whome he commanded to raise all
lan sent messengers into Kent, which lieth vpon the sea, in which there raigned then 4. particular kinges, named Cingetorix, Car
uil, Taximagul, and Segonax, whome he commanded to raise all
their
3
Antiquitie of London.
their forces, and suddenly to set vppon,
and assault the Romaines, in their trenches, by the sea side: the which when
the Romaines perceiued, they salied out vpon them, slew a greate sorte of
them, and taking Cingetorix their noble Captaine prisoner, retired
themselues to their Campe in good safety.
When Cassibilan harde of this, and had formerly taken many other losses, and
found his countrie sore wasted, and himselfe left almost alone by the defection of
the other Cities, he sent Ambassa
dors by Connius of Arras, to Cesar, to entreate with him, concer
ning his own submission, the which Cesar did accept, and taking Hostages, assessed the Realme of Britaine,
sibilan, that he should not séeke any reuenge vpon Mandubrace or the Trinobantes, and so withdrew his armie to the sea againe.
dors by Connius of Arras, to Cesar, to entreate with him, concer
ning his own submission, the which Cesar did accept, and taking Hostages, assessed the Realme of Britaine,
Britaine sessed to pay
a yerely tri
bute to the Romaines.
to
a yearely tribute, to be payed to the people of Rome, giuing straight charge
to Casbute to the Romaines.
sibilan, that he should not séeke any reuenge vpon Mandubrace or the Trinobantes, and so withdrew his armie to the sea againe.
Thus farre out of Cesars Commentaries concerning this Hi
storie, which happened in the yeare before Christes natiuitie 54. in all which processe there is for this purpose to bee noted, that Cesar nameth the Citie of Trinobantes, which hath a resem
blance with Troy noua or Trinobantum, which hath no greater difference in the Orthographie, then changing b. into v. and yet maketh an error which I will not argue, onely this I will note that diuers learned men do not thinke ciuitas Trinobantum to be well and truely translated, the Citie of the Trinobantes: but it should rather be the state, comonalty, or Signiory, of the Trino
bantes: for that Cesar in his Comentaries vseth the worde ciui
tas, onely for a people liuing vnder one, and the selfe same Prince and law but certaine it is that the Cities of the Britaines,
ed in the seuerall raignes of the Romaine Emperours, Tiberius Claudius, Domitian, and Seuerus, to wit that before the ariuall of the Romains, the Britons had no townes but called that a town which had a thicke intangled wood, defended as I saide with a ditch and banke, the like whereof the Irishmen our next neighbors
maines, who sowed the seedes of ciuilitie ouer all Europe, this Citie whatsoeuer it was before, began to bee renowned, and of fame.
storie, which happened in the yeare before Christes natiuitie 54. in all which processe there is for this purpose to bee noted, that Cesar nameth the Citie of Trinobantes, which hath a resem
blance with Troy noua or Trinobantum, which hath no greater difference in the Orthographie, then changing b. into v. and yet maketh an error which I will not argue, onely this I will note that diuers learned men do not thinke ciuitas Trinobantum to be well and truely translated, the Citie of the Trinobantes: but it should rather be the state, comonalty, or Signiory, of the Trino
bantes: for that Cesar in his Comentaries vseth the worde ciui
tas, onely for a people liuing vnder one, and the selfe same Prince and law but certaine it is that the Cities of the Britaines,
Cities of the Britans not artificially builded
with houses nor walled. with stone
were in those daies neither artificially
builded with houses, nor strongly walled with stone, but were onely thicke and
combarsom woodes plashed within and trenched aboute: and the like in effect do other
the Romaine and Greeke autors directly affirme, as Strabo
Pomponius Mela, and Dion
a Senator of
Rome, which flourished in the seuerall raignes of the Romaine Emperours, Tiberius Claudius, Domitian, and Seuerus, to wit that before the ariuall of the Romains, the Britons had no townes but called that a town which had a thicke intangled wood, defended as I saide with a ditch and banke, the like whereof the Irishmen our next neighbors
doe
B2
4
Antiquity of London.
doe at this day call Paces, but
after that these hether partes of Britaine were reduced into the forme of a
Prouince by the Romaines, who sowed the seedes of ciuilitie ouer all Europe, this Citie whatsoeuer it was before, began to bee renowned, and of fame.
For Tacitus, who first of all Autors nameth it Londinum, sayth that
in the 62.
after Christ
it was albeit, no Colonie of the Romaines, yet most
famous
for the greate multitude
of Mar
chantes, prouision, and intercourse. At which time in that notable reuolte of the Br3itons from Nero, in which 70000. Romaines & their leager fellowes were slaine, this Citie with Verulam nere S. Albons, and Maldon, then all famous: were ransacked and spoiled.
chantes, prouision, and intercourse. At which time in that notable reuolte of the Br3itons from Nero, in which 70000. Romaines & their leager fellowes were slaine, this Citie with Verulam nere S. Albons, and Maldon, then all famous: were ransacked and spoiled.
For Suetonius Paulinus then Lieftennant for the Romaines in this
Isle, abandoned it: as not then forseyied, and left it to the spoile.
Shortly after, Iulius Agricola, the Romaine Liefetennant, in the time of
Domitian, was the first that by adhorting the Bri
taines,
stice, to bring vp the noblemens children in good letters and hu
manity, and to apparrell themselues Romaine like, whereas be
fore (for the most parte) they went naked, painting their bodies &c. as all the Romaine writers haue obserued.
taines,
The Britons
had no hou
ses, but cot
tages.
publikely, and helping them priuately, wun them to builde houses for themselues,
temples for the Gods, and courtes for Iuses, but cot
tages.
stice, to bring vp the noblemens children in good letters and hu
manity, and to apparrell themselues Romaine like, whereas be
fore (for the most parte) they went naked, painting their bodies &c. as all the Romaine writers haue obserued.
The Britons went naked their bodi
es painted.
es painted.
True it is I confesse, that afterwarde many Cities and Towns in Britaine
vnder the gouernement of the Romaines, were wal
led with stone, & baked bricks, or tyles, as Richborrow, or Rypta
cester, in the Isle of Thanet, til the channell altered his course, be
sides Sandwitch, in Kent, Verulamium besides S. Albones, in Hartfordshire, Cilcester, in Hampshire, Roxcester in Shrop
shire, Kenchester in Herefordshire, thrée miles from Hereford towne, Ribchester, 7. miles aboue Preston, on the water of Rib
le, Aldeburge a mile from Borrowbridge, or Wathelingstreet, on Vre Riuer and others, & no doubt but this our Citie of Lon
don, was also walled with stone, in the time of the Romaine go
uernement here, but yet very lately, for it seemeth not to haue beene walled in the yeare of our Lorde 296. because in that yeare
sily entred London, and had sacked the same, had not God of his greate fauour, at the very instant brought along the riuer of Tha
mes, certaine bandes of Romaine Souldiers, who slew those Frankes in euerie streete of the Cittie.
led with stone, & baked bricks, or tyles, as Richborrow, or Rypta
cester, in the Isle of Thanet, til the channell altered his course, be
sides Sandwitch, in Kent, Verulamium besides S. Albones, in Hartfordshire, Cilcester, in Hampshire, Roxcester in Shrop
shire, Kenchester in Herefordshire, thrée miles from Hereford towne, Ribchester, 7. miles aboue Preston, on the water of Rib
le, Aldeburge a mile from Borrowbridge, or Wathelingstreet, on Vre Riuer and others, & no doubt but this our Citie of Lon
don, was also walled with stone, in the time of the Romaine go
uernement here, but yet very lately, for it seemeth not to haue beene walled in the yeare of our Lorde 296. because in that yeare
when
5
Antiquitie of London.
when Alectus the Tyrant4 was
slaine in the field, the Frankes easily entred London, and had sacked the same, had not God of his greate fauour, at the very instant brought along the riuer of Tha
mes, certaine bandes of Romaine Souldiers, who slew those Frankes in euerie streete of the Cittie.
In few yeares after, as Simeon of Durham,
an ancient wri
ter reporteth, Hellen the mother of Constantine the greate, was the first that inwalled it aboute the yeare of Christ 306. howsoe
uer those wals of stone might be builded by Helen, yet the Brit5ōs, (I know) had no skil of building with stone, as it may appeare by that, which followeth about the yere after Christ, 399, when Ar
cadius & Honorius the sonnes of Theodosius Magnus, gouerned the Empire, the one in the East, the other in the West, for Ho
norius hauing receiued Britaine, the Citie of Rome was inuaded and destroyed, by the Gathes after which time the Romaines left
ritories nerer home, whereupon the Britains not able to defende themselues against the inuasions of their enemies, were many yeres together vnder the oppression of two most cruell nations, the Scots and Pictes,
tinuall fealtie, so that the Romaines woulde rescue them out of the handes of their ennemies. Hereupon the Romaines sent vnto them a Legion of armed Souldiers, which comming into this I
land, and incountering with the ennemies, ouerthrew a great number of them, and draue the rest out of the frontiers of the countrie, and so setting the Britaines at liberty, counselled them to make a wall, extending all along betwéene the twoo seas, which might be of force to kéepe out their euill neighboúrs, and then re
turned home with greate triumph: But the Britaines
maine Legiō was returned home, forthwith arriued, out of their boates, inuaded the borders, ouercame the countrie, and as it were, bare down al that was before them.
ter reporteth, Hellen the mother of Constantine the greate, was the first that inwalled it aboute the yeare of Christ 306. howsoe
uer those wals of stone might be builded by Helen, yet the Brit5ōs, (I know) had no skil of building with stone, as it may appeare by that, which followeth about the yere after Christ, 399, when Ar
cadius & Honorius the sonnes of Theodosius Magnus, gouerned the Empire, the one in the East, the other in the West, for Ho
norius hauing receiued Britaine, the Citie of Rome was inuaded and destroyed, by the Gathes after which time the Romaines left
The Ro
maines left to gouerne Britaine.
to rule in
Britaine, as being, imployed in defence of their Termaines left to gouerne Britaine.
ritories nerer home, whereupon the Britains not able to defende themselues against the inuasions of their enemies, were many yeres together vnder the oppression of two most cruell nations, the Scots and Pictes,
The Scots and Picts inuade this
land.
and at the length were forced to send their Ambassadors with letters
and lamentable supplications, to come, requiring aide and succour from thence, vpon
promise of their continuall fealtie, so that the Romaines woulde rescue them out of the handes of their ennemies. Hereupon the Romaines sent vnto them a Legion of armed Souldiers, which comming into this I
land, and incountering with the ennemies, ouerthrew a great number of them, and draue the rest out of the frontiers of the countrie, and so setting the Britaines at liberty, counselled them to make a wall, extending all along betwéene the twoo seas, which might be of force to kéepe out their euill neighboúrs, and then re
turned home with greate triumph: But the Britaines
Britaines vnskilfull of building with stone
wanting Masons builded that wall not of stone as they were aduised, but made
it of turfe, and that so slender, that it serued litle or nothing at al for their
defence: and the ennemie perceiuing that the Romaine Legiō was returned home, forthwith arriued, out of their boates, inuaded the borders, ouercame the countrie, and as it were, bare down al that was before them.
Where-
B3
6
Whereupon Ambassadors were
eftsoones dispatched to Rome, lamentably beseeching that they woulde not
suffer their miserable countrey to be vtterly destroyed: then againe an other Legion
was sent, which comming vpon a suddaine, made a greate slaughter of the ennemie, and chased him home, euen vnto his own coun
try. These Romaines at their departure, tolde the Britaines plainely, that it was not for their ease or leasure to take vpon them any more such long and laborious iournyes for their defence, and therefore bad them practise the vse of armour and weapons, and learne to withstand their ennemies, whome nothing else did make so strong as their faint hart, and cowardise, and for so much as they thought that it would be no small helpe and encouragement vnto their Tributary frendes whom they were now forced to for
sake,
Witichin
dus.
they builded for them a wall of
harde stone from the west sea to the east sea, right betwéene those two Cities, which
were there made to kéepe out the ennemies, in the selfe same place where
Seuerus before had cast his Trench.
dus.
Wal
of ston builded by the Romās. bewtixt the Britans, and Scots.
The
Britaines also putting to their helping handes as laborers.
This wall they builded 8. foote thicke in breadth, and 12. foote in height, right
as
it were by a lyne, from east to west, as the ru
ines thereof remaining in many places til this day, do make to ap
peare. Which worke thus perfected, they giue the people straight charge to looke well to themselues, they teach them to handle their weapons, and they instruct them in warlike feates. And lest by the sea side southwardes, where their ships lay at harbor, the ennemie should come on land, they made vp sundrie Bulwarkes each some what distant from the other, and so bid them farewell as minding no more to returne. This happened in the daies of the Emperour Theodosius the younger almost 500. yeares af
ter the first ariuall of the Romaines here, aboute the yeare after Christes incarnation, 434.
ines thereof remaining in many places til this day, do make to ap
peare. Which worke thus perfected, they giue the people straight charge to looke well to themselues, they teach them to handle their weapons, and they instruct them in warlike feates. And lest by the sea side southwardes, where their ships lay at harbor, the ennemie should come on land, they made vp sundrie Bulwarkes each some what distant from the other, and so bid them farewell as minding no more to returne. This happened in the daies of the Emperour Theodosius the younger almost 500. yeares af
ter the first ariuall of the Romaines here, aboute the yeare after Christes incarnation, 434.
The Britaines after this, continuing a lingering & doubtful war with the
Scots and Pictes, made choice of Vortiger, to bee their
king and leader, which man (as sayth Malmesbery,
) was neither valorous of courage, nor
wise of counsell, but wholy giuen ouer to the vnlawful lusts of his flesh: the people
likewise in short time, being growne to some quietnes gaue themselues to
gluttony,
nant remayned so hardened in sinne, that neither the death of their frendes nor feare of their owne daunger, could cure the mortality of their soules, whereupon a greater stroke of vengeance insued vpon the whole sinfull nation.
The Bri
tains giuen to gluttony, dronkennes, pride and contention.
and
tains giuen to gluttony, dronkennes, pride and contention.
dronkennes,
7
drunkennes, pride, contention,
enuie, and such other vices, casting from them the yoke of Christ. In the
meane season a bitter plague fell among them, consuming in short time such a
multitude, that the quicke were not sufficient to bury the deade, and yet the remnant remayned so hardened in sinne, that neither the death of their frendes nor feare of their owne daunger, could cure the mortality of their soules, whereupon a greater stroke of vengeance insued vpon the whole sinfull nation.
The Britaines plagued for
their sinfull life.
For being now againe infested with their old neighbors
the Scots, and Pictes, they consult with their king
Vortiger, and send for the Saxons, who shortly after ariued here
in Britaine, where saith Bede,
they were receiued as frends: but as it proued they minded to destroy the countrie as
ennemies for after that they had driuen out the Scots and Pictes,
they also draue the Britaines some ouer the seas, and some into the waste
mountaines of Wales and Cornewell, and deuided the countrie into
diuers kingdomes amongst themselues.
The Saxons sent
for to de
fend the Bri
taines, but they draue thé into the moun
tains.
fend the Bri
taines, but they draue thé into the moun
tains.
These Saxons were likewise ignorant of the Architecture or building with
stone,
firmed that Bennet Abbote of Wirall, Maister to the reuerend Bede, first brought Masons and Workemen in stone into this Iland amongst the Saxons,
Saxons vnskil
ful of building with stone.
vntill the yere of
Christ 680. for then it is afful of building with stone.
firmed that Bennet Abbote of Wirall, Maister to the reuerend Bede, first brought Masons and Workemen in stone into this Iland amongst the Saxons,
Benet a monk
brought ma
sons into this land amongst the Saxons.
(he I say)
brought hyther Artificers of stone houses, Paynters and Glasiers, artes before that
time vnto the Saxons vnknowne, who before that time vsed but wodden
buildinges.
sons into this land amongst the Saxons.
Thus much be sayed for walling, not onely in respect of this Ci
ty, but generally also of the first, within the Realme. Now to returne to our Trinouant, (as Cesar hath it) the same is since by Tacitus, Ptolomeus, and Antoninus called Londinium, Longi
dinum, of Amiamus, Lundinum, and Augusta who calleth it an auncient Citie of our Britaines Lundayne, of the olde Saxons, Lundonceaster, Londonbeig, of strangers, Londra and Lon
dres, of the inhabitants, London, whereof you may reade a more large and learned discourse, and how it tooke the name in that worke of my louing frend M. Camden now Clarenciaulx which is called Britania.
ty, but generally also of the first, within the Realme. Now to returne to our Trinouant, (as Cesar hath it) the same is since by Tacitus, Ptolomeus, and Antoninus called Londinium, Longi
dinum, of Amiamus, Lundinum, and Augusta who calleth it an auncient Citie of our Britaines Lundayne, of the olde Saxons, Lundonceaster, Londonbeig, of strangers, Londra and Lon
dres, of the inhabitants, London, whereof you may reade a more large and learned discourse, and how it tooke the name in that worke of my louing frend M. Camden now Clarenciaulx which is called Britania.
This Citie of London hauing beene destroyed and brent by the Danes
and other Pagan ennemies about the yere of Christ,
payred and honorably restored, and made againe habitable. Who also committed the custody thereof vnto his sonne in law, Ethelrod Earle of Mercia7, vnto whome before hee had giuen his daughter Ethelfled.
839
B4
8
839.
was by Alfred king of the west Saxons, in the yere 886
repayred and honorably restored, and made againe habitable. Who also committed the custody thereof vnto his sonne in law, Ethelrod Earle of Mercia7, vnto whome before hee had giuen his daughter Ethelfled.
And that this Citie was strongly walled, may appeare by di
uers accidents, whereof I haue read some, namely William of Malsmebery, hath that about the yeare of Christ, 994. the Lon
doners, shut vp their gates and defended their king Ethelrod, within their wals against the Danes, in the yeare 1016. Ed
mōd I8ronside raigning ouer the west Saxons Canute the Dane bringing his nauie into the west part of the bridge, cast a Trench aboute the Citie of London, and then attempted to haue won it by assault, but the Citizens repulsed him and draue him from their wals. Also in the yeare 1052. Earle Godwin with his nauie sayled vp by the south ende of the bridge, and so assailed the wals of this Citie, & Wiliam Fitzstephen
uers accidents, whereof I haue read some, namely William of Malsmebery, hath that about the yeare of Christ, 994. the Lon
doners, shut vp their gates and defended their king Ethelrod, within their wals against the Danes, in the yeare 1016. Ed
mōd I8ronside raigning ouer the west Saxons Canute the Dane bringing his nauie into the west part of the bridge, cast a Trench aboute the Citie of London, and then attempted to haue won it by assault, but the Citizens repulsed him and draue him from their wals. Also in the yeare 1052. Earle Godwin with his nauie sayled vp by the south ende of the bridge, and so assailed the wals of this Citie, & Wiliam Fitzstephen
W. FitzstephēThe Citie of London wal
led round a
boute by the Riuer of Thames. Wals of Lon
don repayred
writing in the raigne of king
Henry the second, of the wals of this Citie, hath these words. The
wal is high and great, well towred on the Northside with due distances betweene
the towers. On the southside also the Citie was walled and towred, but the fishful
riuer of Thames with his ebbing, and flowing hath long since subuerted them.
led round a
boute by the Riuer of Thames. Wals of Lon
don repayred
This may suffice for proofe of a wall, and forme thereof, about this Citie, and the
same to haue béene of greate antiquity, as any other within this Realme, and now
touching the maintenance & repayring the saide wals, I finde that in the yere
1215, the 16. of King Iohn
,
the Barons entring the Citie by Ealdgate,
first tooke assurance
of the Citizens, and then they brake into the hou
ses of the Iewes, and searched their coffers, and after with greate diligence repayred the wals, and the gates of the Citie of London with stone, taken from the Iewes broken houses. In the yeare 1257. Henry the 3. caused the wals of the Citie of London, which were sore decai9ed and destitute of Towers, to be repayred in more seemely wise then before, at the common charges of the Citie. Al
so in the yeare 1282. King Edward the first granted to H. VVal
leis Maior, and the Citizens of London, the fauour, to take to
ward the making of the wall, and inclosure of the Citie, certaine customes, as appeareth by his grante. This wal was then to be
dy begunne, and the Tower, at the ende of the same wall, within the water of Thames neare vnto the blacke Fryers &c. It was also granted by king Richard the socond in the 10. of his raign that a Toll shoulde be taken of wares, solde by lande and by water for 10. yeares, towardes the repayring of the wals and clensing of the ditch aboute London. In the 17. of Edward the 4. Ralfe Ioceline, Mayor, caused parte of the wall aboute the Citie of London,
field, for more furtherance of the worke. Then the Skinners, to begin in the East, made that parte of the wall, betwixt Al
gate and Buries marke towardes Bishopsgate, as may appeare by their armes in thrée places fixed there, the Mayor with his cō
pany of the Drapers made all that part, betwixt Bishopsgate & Alhallowes Church in the same, and from Alhallowes towards the Posterne. A great part of the same wal called Moregate was repayred by the executors of Sir Iohn Crosby, late Alderman, as may appeare by his Armes, standing in two places there. Other Companies repayred the rest of the wal to the Posterne of Criple
gate. The Goldsmiths repayred frō Criplegate, towards Alders
gate, & there the work ceased. The circuite of the wall of London on the landes side, to wit from the tower of London in the east, vnto Aldgate, is 82. perches: from Aldgate to Bishopsgate, 86. perches: from Bishopsgate in the north to the Postern of Criple
gate 162 perches, from Criplegate to Ealdersgate 75. perches, from Eldrichgate to Newgate, 66. perches, from Newgate in the west to Ludgate, 42. perches, in all 513. perches of assize. From Ludgate againe to the Fleete dike, west, about 60. perches: from Fleete bridge south to the riuer of Thames, aboute 70. perches, and so the totall of these perches amounteth to 643. euery perch, consisting of 5. yeardes and a halfe, which do yeelde 3536. yardes and a halfe, conteyning 10608 foote, which make vp two eng
lish miles and more by 608. foote.
ses of the Iewes, and searched their coffers, and after with greate diligence repayred the wals, and the gates of the Citie of London with stone, taken from the Iewes broken houses. In the yeare 1257. Henry the 3. caused the wals of the Citie of London, which were sore decai9ed and destitute of Towers, to be repayred in more seemely wise then before, at the common charges of the Citie. Al
so in the yeare 1282. King Edward the first granted to H. VVal
leis Maior, and the Citizens of London, the fauour, to take to
ward the making of the wall, and inclosure of the Citie, certaine customes, as appeareth by his grante. This wal was then to be
made
9
made from Ludgate to
Fleete bridge, and along by the water of Fleete, vnto the riuer
of Thames. Moreouer in the yere 1310. Edward the
2. commanded the Citizens to make vp the wal alredy begunne, and the Tower, at the ende of the same wall, within the water of Thames neare vnto the blacke Fryers &c. It was also granted by king Richard the socond in the 10. of his raign that a Toll shoulde be taken of wares, solde by lande and by water for 10. yeares, towardes the repayring of the wals and clensing of the ditch aboute London. In the 17. of Edward the 4. Ralfe Ioceline, Mayor, caused parte of the wall aboute the Citie of London,
Pattent.
to be rapayred, to wit, betwixt
Aldgate and Aldersgate he also caused the Morefielde to bee
searched for clay, and willed bricke to be made, and brent there, he likewise caused
chalke to bee brought out of Kent and to be brent into lime in the same
Morefield, for more furtherance of the worke. Then the Skinners, to begin in the East, made that parte of the wall, betwixt Al
gate and Buries marke towardes Bishopsgate, as may appeare by their armes in thrée places fixed there, the Mayor with his cō
pany of the Drapers made all that part, betwixt Bishopsgate & Alhallowes Church in the same, and from Alhallowes towards the Posterne. A great part of the same wal called Moregate was repayred by the executors of Sir Iohn Crosby, late Alderman, as may appeare by his Armes, standing in two places there. Other Companies repayred the rest of the wal to the Posterne of Criple
gate. The Goldsmiths repayred frō Criplegate, towards Alders
gate, & there the work ceased. The circuite of the wall of London on the landes side, to wit from the tower of London in the east, vnto Aldgate, is 82. perches: from Aldgate to Bishopsgate, 86. perches: from Bishopsgate in the north to the Postern of Criple
gate 162 perches, from Criplegate to Ealdersgate 75. perches, from Eldrichgate to Newgate, 66. perches, from Newgate in the west to Ludgate, 42. perches, in all 513. perches of assize. From Ludgate againe to the Fleete dike, west, about 60. perches: from Fleete bridge south to the riuer of Thames, aboute 70. perches, and so the totall of these perches amounteth to 643. euery perch, consisting of 5. yeardes and a halfe, which do yeelde 3536. yardes and a halfe, conteyning 10608 foote, which make vp two eng
lish miles and more by 608. foote.
Of
B5
10
Of the Auncient and Present Riuers, Brooks, Boorns, Pooles, wels, and Conduites
of fresh water, seruing the Citie, as also of the ditch, compassing the wall of
the same.
AUnciently vntill the Conquerors
time,10 and 200. yeres after, the Citie of London was
watered be
sides the famous Riuer of Thames, on the South part, with the riuer of the wels, as it was then cal
led on the west, with a water called walbrooke, runing through the middest of the Citie into the riuer of Thames seruing the hart thereof. And with a fourth water or Boorne, which ran within the Citie, through Langboorne warde, wate
ring that parte in the East. In the west Suburbes was also an o
ther greate water, called Oldborne, which had his fall into the Riuer of wels: then was there 3. principall Fountaines, or wels in the other Suburbes, to wit Holly well, Clements well, and Clarkes wel. Neare vnto this last named fountaine, were diuers other wels, to wit Skinners well, Fags well, Tede well, Leders well, and Radwell. In west Smithfield there was a Poole, in recordes called Horsepoole, And one other Poole neare vnto the parish Church of S. Giles without Criplegate. Besides all which they had in euery streete and lane of the City diuers fayre wels, and fresh springes: and after this manner was this Citie then serued, with sweete & fresh waters, which being since decayed, other meanes haue beene sought to supply the want, as shall bee shewed, but first of the aforenamed Riuers and other waters, is to be said, as followeth.
sides the famous Riuer of Thames, on the South part, with the riuer of the wels, as it was then cal
led on the west, with a water called walbrooke, runing through the middest of the Citie into the riuer of Thames seruing the hart thereof. And with a fourth water or Boorne, which ran within the Citie, through Langboorne warde, wate
ring that parte in the East. In the west Suburbes was also an o
ther greate water, called Oldborne, which had his fall into the Riuer of wels: then was there 3. principall Fountaines, or wels in the other Suburbes, to wit Holly well, Clements well, and Clarkes wel. Neare vnto this last named fountaine, were diuers other wels, to wit Skinners well, Fags well, Tede well, Leders well, and Radwell. In west Smithfield there was a Poole, in recordes called Horsepoole, And one other Poole neare vnto the parish Church of S. Giles without Criplegate. Besides all which they had in euery streete and lane of the City diuers fayre wels, and fresh springes: and after this manner was this Citie then serued, with sweete & fresh waters, which being since decayed, other meanes haue beene sought to supply the want, as shall bee shewed, but first of the aforenamed Riuers and other waters, is to be said, as followeth.
Thames
creasing passeth first by the vniuersitie of Oxford, and so with a maruelous quiet course to London, and thence breaketh into the French Ocean by maine tides, which twise in 24. howers space doeth eb and flow, more then 60. miles in length, to the great
ple of all Commodities within this Realme: so that omitting to speake of greate ships, and other vessels of burden, there perteyneth to the Cities of London, westminster and Burrough of South
warke aboue the number as is supposed of 2000. Wherryes and other small boates, whereby 3000. poore men at the least bee set on worke and maintained.
Riuer of Thames.
the most famous Riuer of
this Iland, beginneth a little aboue a village called winchcombe in
Oxfordshire, and still increasing passeth first by the vniuersitie of Oxford, and so with a maruelous quiet course to London, and thence breaketh into the French Ocean by maine tides, which twise in 24. howers space doeth eb and flow, more then 60. miles in length, to the great
com-
11
Rivers and other waters seruing this Citie
commodity of
Trauellers, by the which all kinde of Marchandise be easily conueyed to
London, the principall store house, and staple of all Commodities within this Realme: so that omitting to speake of greate ships, and other vessels of burden, there perteyneth to the Cities of London, westminster and Burrough of South
warke aboue the number as is supposed of 2000. Wherryes and other small boates, whereby 3000. poore men at the least bee set on worke and maintained.
That the Riuer of the wels
or in his Charter, to the Colledg of S. Martin, le Grand in Lon
don, hath these wordes: I do geue and grant to the same church all the land and the Moore, without the Posterne, which is called Criplegate, on eyther parte of the Posterne, that is to say, from the North corner of the wal, as the ryuer of the wels, there neare running departeth the same More from the wal, vnto the runing water which entreth the Cittie, this water hath beene since that time called Turnemill Brooke: yet then called the riuer of the Wels, which name of Ryuer continued: and it was so called in the raign of Edwarde the first: as shalbe shewed, with also the decay of the saide riuer,
borne bridge, and Fleete bridge into the Thames, had. beene of such bredth and depth, that 10. or 12. Shippes, Nauies, at once with Marchandizes, were wont to come to the foresaide bridge of Fleete, and some of them to Oldborne bridge:
ter made by them of the new Temple, for their milles standing without Baynardes Castle, in the first yeare of King Iohn and diuers other impedimentes, so as the saide ships could not enter as they were wont, and as they ought, wherefore he desired that the Mayor of London with the Sheriffes, and other discrete Alder
men, might be appointed to view the course of the saide water, and
or and Sheriffes were assigned to take with them honest and dis
crete men, and to make diligent search & inquiry, how the said ry
uer was in olde time, and that they leaue nothing that may hurt or stop it, but keepe it in the same estate, that it was wont to bee: so farre the recorde. Whereupon it followed that the saide riuer,
mil or Tremill Brooke, for that diuers mils were erected vpon it, as appeareth by a fayre Register booke, conteyning the foun
dation of the Priorie at Clarkenwel, and donation of the landes, thereunto belonging, as also by diuers other recordes.
whirries on the Thames. Riuer of wels
in
the west parte of the Citie, was of old time so called: it may be prooued thus,
william the Conqueror in his Charter, to the Colledg of S. Martin, le Grand in Lon
don, hath these wordes: I do geue and grant to the same church all the land and the Moore, without the Posterne, which is called Criplegate, on eyther parte of the Posterne, that is to say, from the North corner of the wal, as the ryuer of the wels, there neare running departeth the same More from the wal, vnto the runing water which entreth the Cittie, this water hath beene since that time called Turnemill Brooke: yet then called the riuer of the Wels, which name of Ryuer continued: and it was so called in the raign of Edwarde the first: as shalbe shewed, with also the decay of the saide riuer,
Decay of the Riuer of the Wels.
in a fayre
booke of Parliament recordes,
parliament re
cord.
now lately restored to the Tower, it appeareth that a parl11iament
being holden at Carlile in the yere 1307, the 35. of Edwarde the
first, Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne, complayned that
whereas in times past the course of water, running at London, vnder
Oldecord.
borne bridge, and Fleete bridge into the Thames, had. beene of such bredth and depth, that 10. or 12. Shippes, Nauies, at once with Marchandizes, were wont to come to the foresaide bridge of Fleete, and some of them to Oldborne bridge:
Riuer of wels bare
shipes.
now the same course by filth of the Tanners and such others, was
sore decayed: also by raising of wharses, but specially by a diuersion of the
water made by them of the new Temple, for their milles standing without Baynardes Castle, in the first yeare of King Iohn and diuers other impedimentes, so as the saide ships could not enter as they were wont, and as they ought, wherefore he desired that the Mayor of London with the Sheriffes, and other discrete Alder
men, might be appointed to view the course of the saide water, and
that
12
Riuers and other waters seruing this Citie
that by the
othes of good men, all the aforesaide hinderances might be remoued, and it to be
made as it was wont of olde: whereupon Roger le Brabason, the Constable
of the Tower, with the Mayor and Sheriffes were assigned to take with them honest and dis
crete men, and to make diligent search & inquiry, how the said ry
uer was in olde time, and that they leaue nothing that may hurt or stop it, but keepe it in the same estate, that it was wont to bee: so farre the recorde. Whereupon it followed that the saide riuer,
Riuer socalled in the yeare 1307.
was at
that time clensed, these mils remoued, and other thinges done for the preseruation
of the course thereof, notwithstanding neuer brought to the old depth, and
breadth, whereupon the name of riuer ceased, and it was since called a Brooke,
namely Turnmil or Tremill Brooke, for that diuers mils were erected vpon it, as appeareth by a fayre Register booke, conteyning the foun
dation of the Priorie at Clarkenwel, and donation of the landes, thereunto belonging, as also by diuers other recordes.
This brooke hath beene diuers times since clensed, namely and last of all to any
effect. In the yeare 1502. the 17. of Henry the 7. the whole course of Fleete
dike, then so called was scow
red (I say) down to the Thames, so that boates with fish and few
ell were rowed to Fleete bridge and to Oldborne bridge, as they of olde time had beene accustomed, which was a great com
modity to all the inhabitantes in that part of the City.
red (I say) down to the Thames, so that boates with fish and few
ell were rowed to Fleete bridge and to Oldborne bridge, as they of olde time had beene accustomed, which was a great com
modity to all the inhabitantes in that part of the City.
In the yeare 1589. was granted a fifteene, by a common
Councell of the Cittie, for the clensing of this Brooke or dike and the money
amounting to a thousand markes was collected,
and it was vndertaken that by drawing diuers springes
about Hamp
stid heat13h, into one head and course, both the Citie should be ser
ued of fresh water, in all places of want, and also that by such a follower, as men call it the channell of this brooke shoulde bee scowred into the Ryuer of Thames, but much money being ther
in spent, she effect fayled, so that the brookes by meanes of conti
nuall incrochments vpon the banks gyttying ouer the water, and casting of soilage into the streame, is now become worse cloy
ed and choken then euer it was before.
stid heat13h, into one head and course, both the Citie should be ser
ued of fresh water, in all places of want, and also that by such a follower, as men call it the channell of this brooke shoulde bee scowred into the Ryuer of Thames, but much money being ther
in spent, she effect fayled, so that the brookes by meanes of conti
nuall incrochments vpon the banks gyttying ouer the water, and casting of soilage into the streame, is now become worse cloy
ed and choken then euer it was before.
The running water so called
led Moregate, entred the wal and was truely of the wall called Walbrooke not of Gualo as some haue farre fetched: it ranne through the Citie with diuers windinges from the North to
wardes the South into the riuer of Thames, and had ouer the same diuers Bridges, along the Streetes and Lanes, through which it passed. I haue read in an olde writing booke intituled the customes of London, that the Prior of the Holy Trinity within Aldgate ought to make ouer VValbrooke in the ward of Br15ed
streete, against the stone wall of the Citie, vz. the same Bridge that is next the Church of Al Saintes, at the wall. Also that the Prior of the new Hospitall, S. Marie Spittle, without Bishops
gate ought to make the middle parte of one other Bridge next to the saide Bridge towardes the North: And that in the 28. yeare of Edwarde the first, it was by inquisition found before the Ma
ior of London that the parish of S. Stephen vppon walbrooke, ought of right to couer the course of the saide Brooke, and there
fore the Shieriffes were commanded to distrayne the saide Pari
shioners so to doe in the yeare 1300. the keepers of those Bridges at that time were VVilliam Iordan, and Iohn de Bauer. This watercourse hauing diuers Bridges, was afterwardes vaulted o
uer with Bricke, and paued leuill with the streetes and lanes, where through it passed, and since that also houses haue beene builded thereon, so that the course of VValbrooke
king out of the ground, in Fan Church streete, which ran downe with a swift course, west, through that streete, thwart Grastreet and downe Lombardestreete, to the west ende of S. Mary VVolnothes Church, and then turning the course South downe Shareborne lane, so termed of sharing or deuiding, it brake into diuers rilles or rillets to the Riuer of Thamès, of this Bourne that warde tooke the name, and is till this day called Langborne warde, this Bourne also is long since stopped vp at the heade and the rest of the course filled vp and paued ouer, so that no signe thereof remaineth more then the names aforesaide, Oldeborne or Hilborne was the like water, breaking out aboute the place
bourn hil, and both the sides thereof together with al the grounds adioyning that lye betwixt it, and the riuer of Thames remayne full of springes, so that water is there found at hand, and harde to be stopped in euery house.
A running water
called Walbrooke.
by William the Conqueror in his saide
Charter, which entreth the Citie &c. before there was
any
13
Riuers and other waters.
any ditch betwéene
Bishopsgate and the late made Posterne called Moregate, entred the wal and was truely of the wall called Walbrooke not of Gualo as some haue farre fetched: it ranne through the Citie with diuers windinges from the North to
wardes the South into the riuer of Thames, and had ouer the same diuers Bridges, along the Streetes and Lanes, through which it passed. I haue read in an olde writing booke intituled the customes of London, that the Prior of the Holy Trinity within Aldgate ought to make ouer VValbrooke in the ward of Br15ed
streete, against the stone wall of the Citie, vz. the same Bridge that is next the Church of Al Saintes, at the wall. Also that the Prior of the new Hospitall, S. Marie Spittle, without Bishops
gate ought to make the middle parte of one other Bridge next to the saide Bridge towardes the North: And that in the 28. yeare of Edwarde the first, it was by inquisition found before the Ma
ior of London that the parish of S. Stephen vppon walbrooke, ought of right to couer the course of the saide Brooke, and there
fore the Shieriffes were commanded to distrayne the saide Pari
shioners so to doe in the yeare 1300. the keepers of those Bridges at that time were VVilliam Iordan, and Iohn de Bauer. This watercourse hauing diuers Bridges, was afterwardes vaulted o
uer with Bricke, and paued leuill with the streetes and lanes, where through it passed, and since that also houses haue beene builded thereon, so that the course of VValbrooke
Walbrooke vaulted and paued ouer.
is now hidden vnder ground, and
thereby hardly knowen. Langborne water so called of the length thereof,
was a greate streame of water breaking out of the ground, in Fan Church streete, which ran downe with a swift course, west, through that streete, thwart Grastreet and downe Lombardestreete, to the west ende of S. Mary VVolnothes Church, and then turning the course South downe Shareborne lane, so termed of sharing or deuiding, it brake into diuers rilles or rillets to the Riuer of Thamès, of this Bourne that warde tooke the name, and is till this day called Langborne warde, this Bourne also is long since stopped vp at the heade and the rest of the course filled vp and paued ouer, so that no signe thereof remaineth more then the names aforesaide, Oldeborne or Hilborne was the like water, breaking out aboute the place
where
14
Riuers and other waters.
where now the bars do stand, and
it ran downe the whole streete till Oldebourne bridge, and into the Riuer
of the VVels, or Turnemil Brook: this Bourn was likewise long
since stoped vp at the head, & in other places where the same hath broken out,
but yet till this day, the saide streete is there still called high Ouldebourn hil, and both the sides thereof together with al the grounds adioyning that lye betwixt it, and the riuer of Thames remayne full of springes, so that water is there found at hand, and harde to be stopped in euery house.
There are (saith Fitzstephen
cery, called Clements Inne, is thereof yet fayre curbed square with harde stone, and is alwaies kepte cleane for common vse: it is alwaies ful, and neuer wanteth water, the third is called Clarks well, or Clarken well, and is also curbed aboute square with stone. Not far from the west ende of this Clarkes well Church without the stone wall that incloseth the Church, the other smal
ler wels that stood neare vnto Clarkes wel, to wit Skinners wel, Fagges well, Todwell, Loders well, and Redwell, are all de
cayed and so filled vp. that their places are now hardly discerned: somewhat North from Holywell is one other well curbed square with stone, and is called Dame Annis the cleare, and not farre frō it but somewhat west, is also one other cleare water called Pe
rilous Pond, because diuers youthes by swimming therein haue béene drouned, and thus much be saide for fountaines and wels.
Fitzstephen. Holywell
) neare
London, on the North side speciall wels, in the Suburbes: sweete,
wholesome, and cleare, amongst which Holywel, Clarkes wel, &
Clementes wel, are most famous and frequented by Schollers, and youths
of the City in sommer euenings, when they walke foorth to take the aire. The
first, to wit, Holywel is much decayed and marred with filthinesse,
purposely layd there, for the heighthening of the ground, for garden plots: the
fountaine called S. Clements wel,
North from the Parish church of S. Clements,
and neare vnto an Inne of Chancery, called Clements Inne, is thereof yet fayre curbed square with harde stone, and is alwaies kepte cleane for common vse: it is alwaies ful, and neuer wanteth water, the third is called Clarks well, or Clarken well, and is also curbed aboute square with stone. Not far from the west ende of this Clarkes well Church without the stone wall that incloseth the Church, the other smal
ler wels that stood neare vnto Clarkes wel, to wit Skinners wel, Fagges well, Todwell, Loders well, and Redwell, are all de
cayed and so filled vp. that their places are now hardly discerned: somewhat North from Holywell is one other well curbed square with stone, and is called Dame Annis the cleare, and not farre frō it but somewhat west, is also one other cleare water called Pe
rilous Pond, because diuers youthes by swimming therein haue béene drouned, and thus much be saide for fountaines and wels.
Horsepoole
in West Smithfielde
was sometime a greate water, and because the inhabitantes in that parte of the
Citie did there water their Horses, the same was in olde recordes called
Horsepoole, it is now much decayed, the springs being stoped vp and
the land water falling into the small bottome, remayning
in
15
Riuers and other waters.
inclosed with Bricke, is but
fowle: and is called Smithfielde Ponde.
The Poole
ned therein, this Poole is now for the most parte stopped vp, but the spring is preserued, and it was coopped about with stone by the Executors of Richarde VVhittington.
poole without Cripplegate.
by S.
Giles Churchyarde was a large water in the yeare 1244.
for it is read that Anne of Lodbury was drouned therein, this Poole is now for the most parte stopped vp, but the spring is preserued, and it was coopped about with stone by the Executors of Richarde VVhittington.
The said riuer of the Wels, the running water of Walbrooke, the
Bournes aforenamed, and other the fresh waters that were in and aboute this Citie,
being in processe of time by incrochment for buildinges and otherwise vtterlie
decayed, and the number of Citizens mightely increased, they were forced to séeke
swéete waters abroade, whereof some at the request of king Henry the thirde,
in the 21. yeare of his raigne, were for the profite of the Citie, and
good of the whole Realme thether repayring, gran
ted to the Citizens and their Successors by one Gilbert Sanford,
stellated with stone in the Citie of London was called the greate Conduit in west Cheape, and was begunne to bee builded in the yeare 1285. Henry Wales being then Maior: the water course from Padington to Iames hed hath 510. roddes, from Iames hed on the hill to the Mewsgate, 102. roddes, from the Mewsgate to the crosse in Cheape 484. roddes.
ted to the Citizens and their Successors by one Gilbert Sanford,
Patent
1236.
with liberty to conuey water from the
towne of Teiborne, by Pypes of leade into their Citie, & the first
Cesterne of leade castellated with stone in the Citie of London was called the greate Conduit in west Cheape, and was begunne to bee builded in the yeare 1285. Henry Wales being then Maior: the water course from Padington to Iames hed hath 510. roddes, from Iames hed on the hill to the Mewsgate, 102. roddes, from the Mewsgate to the crosse in Cheape 484. roddes.
Bosses of water, at Belinsgate, by Powles wharfe, and
by S. Giles Church without Cripplegate made aboute the yere
1423.
Water procured to the Standarde in west Cheape aboute the yeare
1431. king Henry the sixt in the yeare 1442.
graun
ted to Iohn Hatharley, Maior licence to take vp 200. fodar of Leade for the building of Conduites of a common Garnery and of a new Crosse in west Cheape, for honor of the Citie.
ted to Iohn Hatharley, Maior licence to take vp 200. fodar of Leade for the building of Conduites of a common Garnery and of a new Crosse in west Cheape, for honor of the Citie.
The Conduit in Aldermanbury and the Standarde in Fleete streete
were made and finished by the executors of Sir William
derd in Fletestreete, and a Sesterne was made at Fleete bridge, and one other without Criplegate in the yeare 1478.
East-
16
Riuers, and other waters
Eastfielde in the yeare 1471. a Sesterne was added to the standerd in Fletestreete, and a Sesterne was made at Fleete bridge, and one other without Criplegate in the yeare 1478.
Conduite in Grastreete in the yeare. 1491.
Little Conduite by the Stockes market aboute. 1500.
Conduite at Bishopsgate aboute 1513.
Conduite at London wall aboute 1528.
Conduite at Aldgate without, aboute, 1535.
Thames water conueyed into mens houses
by pypes of lead from a most artificiall
forcier standing neare vnto London bridge and made by Peter Moris
Dutch man in the yeare 1582. for seruice of the Citie, on the East
part thereof.
Conduites
rie Magdalen, and S. Nicholas Colde Abby neare vnto olde Fishstrete, in the yeare 1583.
Conduites in old fishstreet.
of
Thames water by the parish churches of S. Marie Magdalen, and S. Nicholas Colde Abby neare vnto olde Fishstrete, in the yeare 1583.
One other new Forcier was made neare to Broken wharfe, to conuey
Thames water
into mens houses of west Cheape, a
bout Powles, Fleetestreete &c. by an English Gentleman, na
med Beuis Bulman, in the yeare 1594. Thus much for waters, seruing this Citie, first by Riuers, Brookes, Boornes, Foun
taines, Pooles, &c. And since by Conduites partly made by good and charitable Citizens, and otherwise by chardges of the com
mi16naltie, as shalbe shewed in description of Wards wherein they be placed.
bout Powles, Fleetestreete &c. by an English Gentleman, na
med Beuis Bulman, in the yeare 1594. Thus much for waters, seruing this Citie, first by Riuers, Brookes, Boornes, Foun
taines, Pooles, &c. And since by Conduites partly made by good and charitable Citizens, and otherwise by chardges of the com
mi16naltie, as shalbe shewed in description of Wards wherein they be placed.
And now some Benefactors to these Conduites shalbee re
membred.
membred.
In the yeare 1236. certaine Marchants strangers,
of cities beyonde the Seas, to wit Amiens,
Corby, and Nele for priui
ledges which they enioyed in this Citie, gaue 100. £. towardes the charges of conueying water from the towne of Teyborne. Robert Large then Maior 1439. gaue to the new water Condu
ites then in hand, forty Markes, and towarde the vaulting ouer of Walbrooke 200 markes.
ledges which they enioyed in this Citie, gaue 100. £. towardes the charges of conueying water from the towne of Teyborne. Robert Large then Maior 1439. gaue to the new water Condu
ites then in hand, forty Markes, and towarde the vaulting ouer of Walbrooke 200 markes.
Sir
17
Riuers and other waters.
Sir Wiliam Eastfielde
conueyed water from Teyborne and from Highbery.
-
x.£.
-
xx £>.
-
x.£.
-
xx.£.
-
gaue 100. markes towardes repayring of Conduites.
-
xx.markes.
-
x £.
-
C.£.
-
xx.£.
-
C.£.
-
700.£
Thus much for the Conduits of fresh water to this Citie.
The ditch which partly now remaineth,
rance to the Canons of the holy Trinity, whose church stoode neare vnto Aldgate: for that the saide ditch passed through their grounde, from the Tower of London, vnto Bishopsgate. This ditch being originally made for the defence of the cittie was long together carefully clensed and mainteyned as neede required, but now of late neglected and forced eyther to a very narrow and the same a filthy channel, or altogether stopped vp for gardens planted, and houses builded thereon euen to the very wall, and in many places vpon both ditch and wall, to what danger of the ci
tie, I leaue to wiser consideration: and can but wish, that reforma
Liber Dunsta
bla18.
and compassed the wal of the Citie, was begun to be made by the
Londoners in the yere 1211. & was finished in the yere 1213.
the 15. of king Iohn
, this ditch being then made of 200. foote brode,
bla18.
Ditch about London 200 foote brode. Liber Trinitate
caused no smal hindrance to the Canons of the holy Trinity, whose church stoode neare vnto Aldgate: for that the saide ditch passed through their grounde, from the Tower of London, vnto Bishopsgate. This ditch being originally made for the defence of the cittie was long together carefully clensed and mainteyned as neede required, but now of late neglected and forced eyther to a very narrow and the same a filthy channel, or altogether stopped vp for gardens planted, and houses builded thereon euen to the very wall, and in many places vpon both ditch and wall, to what danger of the ci
tie, I leaue to wiser consideration: and can but wish, that reforma
tion
C
18
Riuers and other waters seruing this Citie.
tion might be
had.
In the
yeare of Christ, 1354. the 28. of Edwarde the third, the ditch of this citie flowing
ouer the banke into the Tower ditch the king commanded the saide ditch of the
citie to be clensed, and so ordered, that the ouerflowing thereof, should not
force any filth into the Tower ditch.
Anno 1379. Iohn Filpot Maior of Lon
don caused this ditch to be clensed and euery household to pay v.ď. which was for a daies worke towardes the charges thereof. Ri
charde the 2. in the tenth of his raigne, granted a Tole to bee ta
ken of wares solde by water, or by lande for 10. yeares towardes repayring of the wall and clensing of the ditch.
don caused this ditch to be clensed and euery household to pay v.ď. which was for a daies worke towardes the charges thereof. Ri
charde the 2. in the tenth of his raigne, granted a Tole to bee ta
ken of wares solde by water, or by lande for 10. yeares towardes repayring of the wall and clensing of the ditch.
Thomas Fawconer Mayor 1414. caused the ditch to be clensed. Ralf
Ioceline, Maior 1477. caused the whole ditch to be cast and
clensed, and so from time to time it was clensed and otherwise re
formed.
formed.
In my remembrance also the same was clensed, namely the Moore ditch, when Sir
Wiliam Hollies was Maior in the yeare 1540. And not long
before or after, from the Tower of London, to Aldgate. It was
againe clensed in the yere 1549. Henry Amcotes being Mayor,
what broder: but filling againe very fast, by reason of ouer raising the ground neare adioyning, therefore neuer the better: and I will so leaue it.
Plentie of fish in the towne ditch.
at the
charges of the companies at which time the saide ditch lay open without eyther
wall or pale, hauing therein great store of very good fish of diuers sortes, as
many men yet liuing who haue taken and tasted them, can well witnes: but now no
such matter the charge of clensing that ditch is saued & great profit made by
letting out the banks with the spoile of the whole ditch. I am not ignorant of two
fifeteenes granted by a common counsell in the yeare 1595. for the
reformation of this ditch, and that a smal portion thereof, to wit, betwixt
Bishopsgate, and the Posterne called Moregate, was
clensed and made somewhat broder: but filling againe very fast, by reason of ouer raising the ground neare adioyning, therefore neuer the better: and I will so leaue it.
Of
19
Of the Bridges of this Citie.
THe originall foundation of London bridge,
ueries church aboue the Quier, where she was buried, vnto the which house she gaue the ouersight and profites of the Ferrie, but afterwardes the saide house of Sisters being conuerted into a colledge of Priestes, the Priestes builded the Bridge (of Tymber)
Londō bridge first of timber
by report of
Bartholomew Linsled, alias Fowle, last Prior of S. Marie
Oueries, Church in Southwarke was this: a Ferrie being kept in
place where now the Bridge is builded, at length the Ferrimar and his wife
deceasing,
left the same Ferrie to their
onely daughter, a maiden named Marie, which with the goods left by her
Parents, as also with the profites rising of the said Ferrie, builded a house of
Sisters in place where now standeth the east part of S. Marie Oueries church aboue the Quier, where she was buried, vnto the which house she gaue the ouersight and profites of the Ferrie, but afterwardes the saide house of Sisters being conuerted into a colledge of Priestes, the Priestes builded the Bridge (of Tymber)
Londō bridge builded of timber.
as all other the
greate bridges of this Land were, and from time to time kept the same in good
reparations, till at length considering the greate charges of repayring the same
there was by aide of the Citizens of London and others a bridge builded
of stone as shal be shewed.
But first of the timber bridge, the antiquity thereof being vncer
taine, but I remember to haue red, that in the yeare of Christ, 994. Sweyn king of Denmark besieging the city of London, both by water and by land, the Citizens manfully defended themselues, and their king Ethelred, so as part of their ennemies were slaine in battaile, and parte of them were drouned in the Riuer of Thames, because in their hastie rage, they tooke no heede of the Bridge.
taine, but I remember to haue red, that in the yeare of Christ, 994. Sweyn king of Denmark besieging the city of London, both by water and by land, the Citizens manfully defended themselues, and their king Ethelred, so as part of their ennemies were slaine in battaile, and parte of them were drouned in the Riuer of Thames, because in their hastie rage, they tooke no heede of the Bridge.
Moreouer in the yeare 1016. Canute the Dane with a
greate nauie came vp to London, and on the south of the Thames,
cau
sed a Trench to bee cast, through the which his ships were towed into the west side of the bridge, and then with a deepe Trench and streight siege he compassed the citie round aboute.
sed a Trench to bee cast, through the which his ships were towed into the west side of the bridge, and then with a deepe Trench and streight siege he compassed the citie round aboute.
Also in the yeare 1052. Earle Godwin with the like
nauie, taking his course vp the Riuer of Thames, and finding none that
queror in his Charter, to the church of S. Peter at westmin
ster, confirmed to the Monkes seruing God there, a gate in Lon
don, then called Buttolphes gate, with a wharfe which was at the heade of London bridge. We read likewise that in the yeare 1114. the 14. of Henry the first, the riuer of Thames was so dried vp, and such want of water there was that betwéene the Tower of London, and the bridge, and vnder the bridge, not one
ly with horse, but also a greate number of men, woemen and children, did wade ouer on foote. In the yeare 1122. the 22. of Henry the first. Thomas Arden gaue to the Monkes of Bar
mondsey, the church of S. George in Southwarke, and v.s̃.rent by the yere, out of the land perteyning to London bridge, I also haue seene a Charter vnder seale to the effect following. Hen
ry king of England to Ralfe B. of Chichester. and all the Mi
nisters of Sussex sendeth greeting, know ye &c. I commande by my kingly authority that the Mannor called Alcestone, which my Father gaue with other Landes, to the Abbey of Battle, be free and quiete from shieres and hundredes, and all other Customes of earthly seruitude, as my father helde the same, most freely and quietely, and namely from the worke of London bridge, and the worke of the Castle at Penansey: and this I command vpon my forfeyture, witnesse VVilliam de Pontlearche at Byrry, the which Charter with the Scale very fayre remaineth in the custody of Ioseph Holland Gentle
man.
offe-
C2
20
Of London bridge and other in this Citie.
offered to resist
on the bridge, he sayled vp by the southside of the said riuer. Furthermore aboute
the yeare 1067. Wiliam the Conqueror in his Charter, to the church of S. Peter at westmin
ster, confirmed to the Monkes seruing God there, a gate in Lon
don, then called Buttolphes gate, with a wharfe which was at the heade of London bridge. We read likewise that in the yeare 1114. the 14. of Henry the first, the riuer of Thames was so dried vp, and such want of water there was that betwéene the Tower of London, and the bridge, and vnder the bridge, not one
ly with horse, but also a greate number of men, woemen and children, did wade ouer on foote. In the yeare 1122. the 22. of Henry the first. Thomas Arden gaue to the Monkes of Bar
mondsey, the church of S. George in Southwarke, and v.s̃.rent by the yere, out of the land perteyning to London bridge, I also haue seene a Charter vnder seale to the effect following. Hen
ry king of England to Ralfe B. of Chichester. and all the Mi
nisters of Sussex sendeth greeting, know ye &c. I commande by my kingly authority that the Mannor called Alcestone, which my Father gaue with other Landes, to the Abbey of Battle, be free and quiete from shieres and hundredes, and all other Customes of earthly seruitude, as my father helde the same, most freely and quietely, and namely from the worke of London bridge, and the worke of the Castle at Penansey: and this I command vpon my forfeyture, witnesse VVilliam de Pontlearche at Byrry, the which Charter with the Scale very fayre remaineth in the custody of Ioseph Holland Gentle
man.
In the yeare 1136. the first of king Stephen,
phen writeth that in the raigne of king Stephen and of Henry the second, when pastimes were shewed on the riuer of Thames, men stoode in greate numbers on the bridge, wharfes, and hou
ses to beholde.
Liber barmond. Liber trinitate.
a fire began, in the house of one Ailewarde, neare vnto
Londonstone which consumed east to Aldgate and west to S.
Erkenwals shrine, in Powles Church: the bridge of timber ouer
the riuer of Thames, was also burnt, &c but afterwards againe
repayred. For Fitzstephen writeth that in the raigne of king Stephen and of Henry the second, when pastimes were shewed on the riuer of Thames, men stoode in greate numbers on the bridge, wharfes, and hou
ses to beholde.
Now in the yeare 1163. the same bridge was not onely re
church, Priest and Chaplaine.
payred
21
London Bridge and other.
payred, but new made of Timber as
afore by Peter of Colechurch, Priest and Chaplaine.
Thus much for the olde timber bridge maintainde partly by the proper landes
thereof, and partly by the liberality of diuers persons 215. yeares before the
bridge of stone was finished.
Now touching the foundation of the stone bridge,
it followeth thus. Aboute the yeare 1176. the stone bridge ouer the riuer of
Thames, at London, was begunne to be founded by the foresaide
Peter of ColeChurch, neare vnto the bridge of timber, but
some what more towardes the west, for I reade that Buttolfe wharfe was in
the Conquerors time, at the head of London bridge. The king assisted this
worke: A Cardinal then being Legate here,
ginning as is supposed East, aboute Rodriffe, and ending in the West about Patricksey now tearmed Batersey, this worke, to wit, the Arches and stone bridge ouer the riuer of Thames, at London, hauing beene 33. yeares in building
cer, Wiliam Almaine, and Benedict Botewrite, principall maisters of that worke, for Peter of Cole Church deceased foure yeares before this worke was finished, and was buried in the Chappell builded on the same bridge in the yeare 1205.
Liber wauerley.
and Richard Archbishop of Canterbury, gaue one thousand
markes, towardes the foundation, the course of the riuer for the time was turned
an other way aboute by a Trench cast for that purpose beginning as is supposed East, aboute Rodriffe, and ending in the West about Patricksey now tearmed Batersey, this worke, to wit, the Arches and stone bridge ouer the riuer of Thames, at London, hauing beene 33. yeares in building
Londō bridge 33. yeares in building.
was in the
yeare, 1209. finished by the worthy Marchants of London, Serle Mercer, Wiliam Almaine, and Benedict Botewrite, principall maisters of that worke, for Peter of Cole Church deceased foure yeares before this worke was finished, and was buried in the Chappell builded on the same bridge in the yeare 1205.
King Iohn gaue certaine voide places in London to builde vp
pon, the profites thereof to remaine towardes the charges of buil
ding and repayring of the same bridge: a Mason being maister workemam of the bridge, builded from the foundation, the Chaple on London bridge, of his owne proper expences, it was indowed for two Priestes, foure Clarkes and other. There was also a Chantrie for Iohn Hatfielde &c. So that in the yeare 23. of Henry the 6. there was 4. Chaplens in the saide chappell, after that example sundry houses were thereupon shortly after erected, the first action on this bridge was lamentable, for within 3. yeres after the finishing thereof, to wit, in the yeare 1212. on the 10. of Iuly at night, a maruelous terrible chance happened, for the citie of London vpon the south side of the riuer of Thames as also the
sedly rushed that the ships being drowned, they al perished: it was said that through the fire and shipwracke there were destroyed a
bout thrée thousand persons whose bodies were found in parte, or halfe burned, besides those that were wholy burnt to ashes, and could not be found. Aboute the yeare 1282. through a greate frost and deepe snow, 5. Arches of London bridge, were borne downe
fraid to passe thereon, and a Subsidy was graunted towardes the amendement thereof, Sir Iohn Britaine being Custos of Lon
don. In the yeare 1395. on S. Georges day , was a greate iusting on London bridge, betwixt Dauid Earle Craforde of Scotland, and the Lorde VVels of England: in the which, the Lord VVels was at the third course borne out of the saddle, which historie prooueth, that at that time the bridge being coaped on ey
ther side was not replenished with houses builded thereupon, as since it hath beene and now is. The next yeare on the 13. of Nouember , the young Queene Isabell, commonly called the little, for she was but 8. yeares olde, was conueyed from Kening
ton besides Lamhith, through Southwarke to the Tower of London, and such a multitude of people went out to see her, that on London bridge. 9. persons were crowded to death, of whome the Prior of Tiptre a place in Essex was one, and a Matron on Cornhil was an other. The Tower on London bridge, at the north ende of the draw bridge, for that bridge was then readily to be drawne vp, aswell to giue passage for ships to Queene hith, as
ded in the yeare 1426. Iohn Reinwell being Maior.
pon, the profites thereof to remaine towardes the charges of buil
ding and repayring of the same bridge: a Mason being maister workemam of the bridge, builded from the foundation, the Chaple on London bridge, of his owne proper expences, it was indowed for two Priestes, foure Clarkes and other. There was also a Chantrie for Iohn Hatfielde &c. So that in the yeare 23. of Henry the 6. there was 4. Chaplens in the saide chappell, after that example sundry houses were thereupon shortly after erected, the first action on this bridge was lamentable, for within 3. yeres after the finishing thereof, to wit, in the yeare 1212. on the 10. of Iuly at night, a maruelous terrible chance happened, for the citie of London vpon the south side of the riuer of Thames as also the
church
C3
22
London bridge and other.
church of our Ladie of
the Canons in Southwarke being on fire,
Liber dunmew. Gualter Co
uent.
and an exceeding greate multitude of people passing the bridge,
eyther to
extinguish and quench it, or els to gaze at and behold it, suddenly the north
part, by blowing of the south winde was also set on fire, and the people which
were euen now passing the bridge, perceiuing the same, woulde haue returned, but
were stopped by fire, and it came to passe, that as they stayed, or protracted
time, the other ende of the bridge also, namely the South ende, was fired, so that
the people thronging themselues betwéene the two fires, did nothing else but
expect present death: then came there to aide them many ships and vessels, into
the which the multitude so vnaduiuent.
sedly rushed that the ships being drowned, they al perished: it was said that through the fire and shipwracke there were destroyed a
bout thrée thousand persons whose bodies were found in parte, or halfe burned, besides those that were wholy burnt to ashes, and could not be found. Aboute the yeare 1282. through a greate frost and deepe snow, 5. Arches of London bridge, were borne downe
5. Arches of London bridg borne downe
and carried
away. In the yeare 1289. the bridge was so sore decayed, for want
of reparations, that men were afraid to passe thereon, and a Subsidy was graunted towardes the amendement thereof, Sir Iohn Britaine being Custos of Lon
don. In the yeare 1395. on S. Georges day , was a greate iusting on London bridge, betwixt Dauid Earle Craforde of Scotland, and the Lorde VVels of England: in the which, the Lord VVels was at the third course borne out of the saddle, which historie prooueth, that at that time the bridge being coaped on ey
ther side was not replenished with houses builded thereupon, as since it hath beene and now is. The next yeare on the 13. of Nouember , the young Queene Isabell, commonly called the little, for she was but 8. yeares olde, was conueyed from Kening
ton besides Lamhith, through Southwarke to the Tower of London, and such a multitude of people went out to see her, that on London bridge. 9. persons were crowded to death, of whome the Prior of Tiptre a place in Essex was one, and a Matron on Cornhil was an other. The Tower on London bridge, at the north ende of the draw bridge, for that bridge was then readily to be drawne vp, aswell to giue passage for ships to Queene hith, as
for
23
Of London bridge and other.
for the resistance of any
forraigne force, was begunne to bee builded in the yeare 1426. Iohn Reinwell being Maior.
An other tower there is on the saide Bridge ouer the gate at the South end towards
Southwarke, whereof in an other place shalbe spoken.
In the yeare 1481. an house called the common stage on
London bridge fell downe
ned together with vaultes and sellers: vpon both sides bee houses builded, so that it seemeth rather a continuall streete then a bridge for the continuall fortifying, whereof against the incessant assaults of the riuer, it hath ouerseers and Officers, vz.
An house on
Londō bridge fel down.
into the Thames: through the fall
whereof 5. men were drouned: to conclude I affirme of this bridge ouer the saide
riuer of Thames, as in other my descriptions, that it is a worke very
rare, hauing with the drawe bridge, 20. Arches made of squared stone, of height
60. foote, and in breadth 30. foote distant, one from an other, 20. foote, compact
and ioyned together with vaultes and sellers: vpon both sides bee houses builded, so that it seemeth rather a continuall streete then a bridge for the continuall fortifying, whereof against the incessant assaults of the riuer, it hath ouerseers and Officers, vz.
Fleete bridge
in the west without
Ludgate, a bridge of stone faire coaped, on eyther side with iron
piked, on the which towards the south be also certaine Lanthornes of stone, for
lightes to bee placed in the winter eueninges, for commodity of trauellers. Under
this bridge runneth a water sometimes called (as I haue said) the riuer of the
VVels, since Turnemill brooke, now Fleete dike,
because it runneth by the Fleete, and so vnder Fleete bridge,
in
to the riuer of Thames. This bridge hath beene far greater in times past, but hath beene lessened, as the water course hath béene narrowed. It seemeth, this last bridge to bee made at the char
ges of Iohn VVels Mayor in the yeare, 1431. for on the coping is engrauen Wels imbraced by Angels, like as on the Standarde in Cheape, which he also builded: thus much of the Bridge: for of the water course and decay thereof I haue spoken in an other place.
to the riuer of Thames. This bridge hath beene far greater in times past, but hath beene lessened, as the water course hath béene narrowed. It seemeth, this last bridge to bee made at the char
ges of Iohn VVels Mayor in the yeare, 1431. for on the coping is engrauen Wels imbraced by Angels, like as on the Standarde in Cheape, which he also builded: thus much of the Bridge: for of the water course and decay thereof I haue spoken in an other place.
Oldebourne bridge
ouer the saide riuer of
the VVels more towardes the North was so called, of a Bourne that
sometimes ranne downe Oldborne hill into the saide Riuer, this bridge of
stone like as Fleet bridge, from Ludgate west, serueth for
passen
gers with carriage or otherwise from Newgate toward the west and by North.
gers with carriage or otherwise from Newgate toward the west and by North.
Cow-
C4
24
Bridges in London.
Cowbridge
more north ouer the same water
by Cowbridge streete or Cowlane: this bridge being lately
decayed, an other of timber is made, somewhat more North, by Chicke lane,
&c.
Bridges ouer the Towne ditch,
Bridge ouer the
town ditch
there are diuers: to weete without Aldgate, without
Bishopsgate, the Posterne called Moregate, the
Posterne of Cripplegate without Aldersgate, the
Posterne of Christes Hospitall, Newgate and Ludgate,
all these be ouer paued likewise with stone leauell with the streetes. But one
other there is of Timber ouer the riuer of wels, or Fleete dike
betweene the precinct of the Blacke Friers, and the house of
Bridewel.
There haue been, of old time also diuers bridges in sondrie pla
ces, ouer the course of Walbrooke.
uing landes on eyther side of the saide walbrooke, should vaulte, or bridge, and clense the same so farre as his landes extended. The 11. of Edwarde the thirde, the inhabitantes vpon the course of this Brooke were forced to pile and wall the sides thereof. In the thirde of Henry the fift, this watercourse hauing had many brid
ges, (as ye haue hearde) I haue reade of one by the name of Hor
shew bridge, by the Church of S. Iohn Baptist now called S. Iohns vpon walbrooke, which hath béene since vaulted ouer with bricke, and the Streetes and Lanes where through it passed so pa
ued, that the same watercourse or brooke is now hardly discerned. Order was taken the 2. of Edwaarde the fourth, that such as had ground on eyther side of walbrooke, shoulde vaulte and paue
ces, ouer the course of Walbrooke.
Bridges ouer the course of Walbrooke.
I read that
euery person hauing landes on eyther side of the saide walbrooke, should vaulte, or bridge, and clense the same so farre as his landes extended. The 11. of Edwarde the thirde, the inhabitantes vpon the course of this Brooke were forced to pile and wall the sides thereof. In the thirde of Henry the fift, this watercourse hauing had many brid
ges, (as ye haue hearde) I haue reade of one by the name of Hor
shew bridge, by the Church of S. Iohn Baptist now called S. Iohns vpon walbrooke, which hath béene since vaulted ouer with bricke, and the Streetes and Lanes where through it passed so pa
ued, that the same watercourse or brooke is now hardly discerned. Order was taken the 2. of Edwaarde the fourth, that such as had ground on eyther side of walbrooke, shoulde vaulte and paue
Walbrooke vaulted and
paued.
it ouer so farre as his grounde extended. And thus much for
Bridges may suffice.
Gates
25
Gates in the wall of this Citie.
GAtes
in the wall of
this Citie of olde time were 4 to wit, Aldgate for the east, Al
dersgate for the North, Ludgate for the West, and the Bridgegate ouer the ri
uer of Thames, for the South, but of la
ter times for the ease of the Citizens and Passengers, diuers other gates and Po
sterns haue beene made as shalbe shewed. In the raigne of Henry the second (saith Fitzstephen) there were seuen double gates in the wall of this Citie, but he nameth them not. It may be supposed he ment for the first, the gate next to the Tower of London, which then serued as a Posterne for Passengers out of the East: from thence through Towerstreete, Eastcheape, and Candleweekestrete, to Londonstone, the midle point of that high way: then through Budgerow, watheling
streete, and leauing Paules Church on the right hand, to Lud
gate in the west, the next be Aldgate, Bishopsgate, Criplegate, Aldersgate, Ludgate, and the Bridgegate, ouer the Thames. Since the which time hath been builded Newgate, the Posterne called Moregate, a Posterne from Christeshospital, towardes S. Bartelmewes Hospitall in Smithfielde &c. Of euery of these gates and Posterns as also of certeine watergates seueral
ly somewhat may bée noted, as I finde authority to warrant mee.
dersgate for the North, Ludgate for the West, and the Bridgegate ouer the ri
uer of Thames, for the South, but of la
ter times for the ease of the Citizens and Passengers, diuers other gates and Po
sterns haue beene made as shalbe shewed. In the raigne of Henry the second (saith Fitzstephen) there were seuen double gates in the wall of this Citie, but he nameth them not. It may be supposed he ment for the first, the gate next to the Tower of London, which then serued as a Posterne for Passengers out of the East: from thence through Towerstreete, Eastcheape, and Candleweekestrete, to Londonstone, the midle point of that high way: then through Budgerow, watheling
streete, and leauing Paules Church on the right hand, to Lud
gate in the west, the next be Aldgate, Bishopsgate, Criplegate, Aldersgate, Ludgate, and the Bridgegate, ouer the Thames. Since the which time hath been builded Newgate, the Posterne called Moregate, a Posterne from Christeshospital, towardes S. Bartelmewes Hospitall in Smithfielde &c. Of euery of these gates and Posterns as also of certeine watergates seueral
ly somewhat may bée noted, as I finde authority to warrant mee.
The first was the Posterne gate next vnto the Tower of Lon
don
don
Posterne by the Tower of London.
which at
the length fell downe in the yeare 1440. the 18. of Henry the 6. and was neuer reedified againe of
stone, but an homely cotage with a narrow passage made of timber, lath, and loame:
hath beene in place thereof set vp, and so remaineth. The ruine of the saide
Posterne began in the yeare 1190. the second of Richarde
the first, william Longshampe Bishop of Ely and
Chauncelor of England, caused a part of the city wal, to wit, from the
saide gate towardes the riuer of Thames to bee broken down for the
enlarging of the Tower, which Tower he compassed far
wide
C5
26
Gates of this Citie.
wide aboute with a wal, and is now the
vtter wal of the Tower, he also caused a broade and deepe ditch to bee made
without the same wal, intending to haue deriued the riuer of Thames, to
haue flowed aboute it. By meanes of this ditch the foundation of that gate being
loosed and greately weakened, fell at the length, as yée haue hearde and so
remaineth.
The next in the East in Aldgate
of olde time so called of the
an
tiquitie or age thereof. It appeareth by a Charter of king Ed
gar to the Knightes of Kinghtone Guilde, that in his dayes the said Porte was called Aldgate. Also Matilde the Queene, wife to Henry the first, in the eight yere of his raigne, hauing foun
ded the Priorie of the Holy Trinitie within Aldegate, gaue vnto the same church, to Norman the first Prior, and the Canons that deuoutlie serued God therein, the Porte of Aldegate, & the Soke or
shire, &c. The Trauellers into which parts before the building of this gate were forced, passing out at Aldegate, to goe east till they came to the Miles end, & then to turne on the left hand to Ble
thenhal green now called Bednal greene, to Cambridge heath, and so North, or East and by North, as their Iourney lay. If they tooke not this way, by the East out at Aldgate, they must take their way by the North out at Aldersgate through Alders
gate streete, and Goswelstreete towards Iseldon, and by a crosse of stone on their right hand, set vp for a marke by the North ende of Golding lane to turne Eastwarde through a long streete vntill this day called Aldestreete, to an other crosse standing, where now standeth a Smithes Forge by Sewers ditch church, and then to turne againe North towardes Totenham, Endfield, Waltham, Ware, &c. The eldest note that I reade of this Bishopsgate, is that wiliam Blund one of the Sheriffes of London in the yeare,
rators, or Wardens, of London bridge, all his land with the garden, in the Parish of S. Buttolph without Bishopsgate, betweene the land of Richard Casiarin towards the north, and the lande of Robert Crispie towardes the South, and the high way called Bearewardes lane on the East &c. Next I reade in a Charter
gate, for Canons regular the 19. of Henry the thirde. Also in the yeare 1247. Simon Fitzmarie, one of the Sherifes of London, the 29. of H. the thirde, founded the Hospitall of S. Marie,
ted or confirmed to the Marchantes of the Haunce, that had an house in the citie called Guildhalla Theutonicorum, certaine Liberties and Priuiledges. Edwarde the first also confirmed the same. In the 10. yeare of whose raigne, it was founde that the saide Marchantes ought of right to repayre the saide gate cal
led Bishopsgate. Whereupon Gerarde Marbod, Alderman of the Haunce and other, then remayning in the Citie of London: for themselues, and al others Marchants of the saide hance, granted, 210. markes sterling to the Maior and Citizens. And couenanted that they and their successors should from time to time repayre the same gate.
berties through suite of our English Marchantes, were seazed in
to the Kings hand, and so that worke was stayed, and the olde gate yet remaineth.
tiquitie or age thereof. It appeareth by a Charter of king Ed
gar to the Knightes of Kinghtone Guilde, that in his dayes the said Porte was called Aldgate. Also Matilde the Queene, wife to Henry the first, in the eight yere of his raigne, hauing foun
ded the Priorie of the Holy Trinitie within Aldegate, gaue vnto the same church, to Norman the first Prior, and the Canons that deuoutlie serued God therein, the Porte of Aldegate, & the Soke or
Soke or
Court
Franchise thereunto belonging with al customs, as free as shee
held the same, &c. In the which Charter, shee nameth the house Christes
church, and reporteth Aldegate to bée of her demaine. The next
towards the north, is called Bishopsgate,
for that, as it may be supposed, the
same was first builded by some Bishoppe of London, the certaynty whereof
is vnknown, but true it is that this gate was first builded for the ease of the
passengers towards the East and by North, as into Norfolke, Suffolke,
Cambridgeshire, &c. The Trauellers into which parts before the building of this gate were forced, passing out at Aldegate, to goe east till they came to the Miles end, & then to turne on the left hand to Ble
thenhal green now called Bednal greene, to Cambridge heath, and so North, or East and by North, as their Iourney lay. If they tooke not this way, by the East out at Aldgate, they must take their way by the North out at Aldersgate through Alders
gate streete, and Goswelstreete towards Iseldon, and by a crosse of stone on their right hand, set vp for a marke by the North ende of Golding lane to turne Eastwarde through a long streete vntill this day called Aldestreete, to an other crosse standing, where now standeth a Smithes Forge by Sewers ditch church, and then to turne againe North towardes Totenham, Endfield, Waltham, Ware, &c. The eldest note that I reade of this Bishopsgate, is that wiliam Blund one of the Sheriffes of London in the yeare,
Liber trinitati.
1210
27
Gates of this Citie.
1210. solde to Serle Mercer, and VVilliam Almaine,
procurators, or Wardens, of London bridge, all his land with the garden, in the Parish of S. Buttolph without Bishopsgate, betweene the land of Richard Casiarin towards the north, and the lande of Robert Crispie towardes the South, and the high way called Bearewardes lane on the East &c. Next I reade in a Charter
Charter.
dated the yere 1235. that Walter Brune Citizen of
London, and Rosia his wife founded the Priorie or new
Hospital of our blessed Lady, since called S. Mary Spittle, without
Bishopsgate, for Canons regular the 19. of Henry the thirde. Also in the yeare 1247. Simon Fitzmarie, one of the Sherifes of London, the 29. of H. the thirde, founded the Hospitall of S. Marie,
Recorde.
called Bethlem without Bishopsgate. Thus much for
Antiquitie, now for repayring of this gate. I find, that Henry the thirde
graunted or confirmed to the Marchantes of the Haunce, that had an house in the citie called Guildhalla Theutonicorum, certaine Liberties and Priuiledges. Edwarde the first also confirmed the same. In the 10. yeare of whose raigne, it was founde that the saide Marchantes ought of right to repayre the saide gate cal
led Bishopsgate. Whereupon Gerarde Marbod, Alderman of the Haunce and other, then remayning in the Citie of London: for themselues, and al others Marchants of the saide hance, granted, 210. markes sterling to the Maior and Citizens. And couenanted that they and their successors should from time to time repayre the same gate.
Bishopsgate repared
by the Marchants of the Haunce Bishopsgate was builded.
This gate was
againe beutifully builded in the yere 1479. in the raigne of
Edwarde the 4. by the saide Haunce Marchantes: Moreo21uer aboute the yeare 1551.
these Haunce Marchantes hauing prepared stone for that purpose, caused a new gate
to be framed, there to haue beene set vp, but then their. Liberties through suite of our English Marchantes, were seazed in
to the Kings hand, and so that worke was stayed, and the olde gate yet remaineth.
Touching the next Posterne, called Moregate,
I finde that
Thomas Faulconer Maior, aboute the yeare one thousande foure
hundred and fifeteene, the third of Henry the fifte, caused the wall of the Citie to
bee broken neare vnto Colemanstreete
liam Hampton Fishmonger Maior, in the yeare 1472. In the yeare also, 1511. the thirde of Henry the eight. Roger A
chely Maior, caused Dikes and Bridges to bee made, and the ground to bee leuiled, and made more commodious for passage since which time the same hath beene heighthened. So much that the Ditches and Bridges are couered, and if it bee made le
uill with the Battlementes of the Citie wall: yet will it bee lit
tle the drier, such is the Moorish nature of the grounde. The next is the Posterne of Cripplegate so called long before the Conquest. For I reade in the Historie of Edmonde King of the East Angles, written by Abba Floriacensis, & by Burchard sometime Secretarie to Offa king of Marcia. That in the yeare 1010. The Danes spoiling the kingdom of the East Angles, Alwyne Bishop of Helmeham, caused the bodie of king Edmonde the Martir to bee brought from Bedrisworth, (now called Bury S. Edmondes) through the kingdome of the East Saxons, and so to London in at Cripplegate, a place (saith mine Author) so called of Criples begging there: at which gate, (it was saide) the bodie entering, miracles were wrought, as some of the Lame did goe vpright, praising God. The bodie of King Edmond rested for the space of three yeares in the Parrish church of Saint Gregorie, neare vnto the Cathe
drall Church of Saint Paule. Moreouer the Charter of William the Conqueror, confirming the foundation of the Colledge in London called S. Martin the greate, hath these wordes. I doe geue and graunt to the same Church and Cannons, seruing God therein. All the lande and the Moore without the Posterne, which is called Cripplegate, on eyther parte of the Posterne.
and
28
Gates of this Citie.
and there builded a Posterne,
now called Moregate, vppon the Moore side where was neuer gate before.
This gate he made for ease of the Citizens, that way to passe vppon causewaies
into the fielde, for their recreation: For the same fielde was at that time a
Marrish. This Posterne was reedified by William Hampton Fishmonger Maior, in the yeare 1472. In the yeare also, 1511. the thirde of Henry the eight. Roger A
chely Maior, caused Dikes and Bridges to bee made, and the ground to bee leuiled, and made more commodious for passage since which time the same hath beene heighthened. So much that the Ditches and Bridges are couered, and if it bee made le
uill with the Battlementes of the Citie wall: yet will it bee lit
tle the drier, such is the Moorish nature of the grounde. The next is the Posterne of Cripplegate so called long before the Conquest. For I reade in the Historie of Edmonde King of the East Angles, written by Abba Floriacensis, & by Burchard sometime Secretarie to Offa king of Marcia. That in the yeare 1010. The Danes spoiling the kingdom of the East Angles, Alwyne Bishop of Helmeham, caused the bodie of king Edmonde the Martir to bee brought from Bedrisworth, (now called Bury S. Edmondes) through the kingdome of the East Saxons, and so to London in at Cripplegate, a place (saith mine Author) so called of Criples begging there: at which gate, (it was saide) the bodie entering, miracles were wrought, as some of the Lame did goe vpright, praising God. The bodie of King Edmond rested for the space of three yeares in the Parrish church of Saint Gregorie, neare vnto the Cathe
drall Church of Saint Paule. Moreouer the Charter of William the Conqueror, confirming the foundation of the Colledge in London called S. Martin the greate, hath these wordes. I doe geue and graunt to the same Church and Cannons, seruing God therein. All the lande and the Moore without the Posterne, which is called Cripplegate, on eyther parte of the Posterne.
Liber S Bar
tilmew.
Besides this Alfune builded the parrish church of S.
Giles nigh a gate of the citie called
Porta contractorum
, or Criplesgate about the yeare 1090.
tilmew.
This
29
Gates of this Citie.
This Posterne was sometime a prison,
wherevnto such Cittizens and others, as were arrested for debt, or common trespasses were committed, as they be now to the Compters, which thing appeareth by a writte of Edward the first in these wordes: Rex vic. London, salutem: ex graui querela B. capt. & detent. in prisona nostra de Criples gate pro x.£,
Record.
quas colam Radulpho de Sandwico tunc custod, Ciuitatis nostræ London, & I. de Blackwell ciuis recognit. debit. &c . This gate was new builded by the Brewers of London in the yeare 1244. as saith Fabians Manscript.
Criplesgate new builded.
Edmond Shaw Goldsmith, Mayor, in the yeare 1483. at his decease
appoynted by his testament his executors, with the cost of 400. Markes, and the
stuffe of the olde gate, called Criples gate, to builde the same gate of
new, which was performed and done, in the yeare 1491. The next is
Aldresgate or Aldersgate,
dantly, then in other places, as some haue fabuled, but for the very antiquitie of the gate it selfe, as being one of the first foure gates of the cittie, and seruing for the Northerne partes, as Aldegate did for the East, which two gates being both old gates, are for dif
ference sake called, the one Aldegate, and the other Aldergate. This gate hath at sundry times béene increased with buildinges, namely, on the south or innerside, a great frame of timber hath béene added and set vp, contayning diuers large roomes, and lodge
inges: also on the East side, is the addition of one great building of timber, with one large floore paued with stone, or tile, and a Well therein curbed with stone, of a great depth, and rysing into the said roome, which is two stories high from the ground: which Well is the onely peculiar note belonging to that gate, for I haue not séene the like in all this Cittie, to be raysed so high. Iohn Day Stationer, a late famous printer of many good bookes, in our time dwelled in this gate, and builded much vpon the wall of the cittie towards the parish Church of Saint Anne. Then is there also a Posterne gate made out of the wall on the North side of the late dissolued cloyster of Friers minors, commonly of their habite cal
led Gray Friers, now Christes Church, and Hospitall.
Aldersgate.
so called not of Aldrich, or of Elders,
that is to say, auncient men, builders thereof,
Beware the Cat.
nor of Eldarne trées growing there more
aboundantly, then in other places, as some haue fabuled, but for the very antiquitie of the gate it selfe, as being one of the first foure gates of the cittie, and seruing for the Northerne partes, as Aldegate did for the East, which two gates being both old gates, are for dif
ference sake called, the one Aldegate, and the other Aldergate. This gate hath at sundry times béene increased with buildinges, namely, on the south or innerside, a great frame of timber hath béene added and set vp, contayning diuers large roomes, and lodge
inges: also on the East side, is the addition of one great building of timber, with one large floore paued with stone, or tile, and a Well therein curbed with stone, of a great depth, and rysing into the said roome, which is two stories high from the ground: which Well is the onely peculiar note belonging to that gate, for I haue not séene the like in all this Cittie, to be raysed so high. Iohn Day Stationer, a late famous printer of many good bookes, in our time dwelled in this gate, and builded much vpon the wall of the cittie towards the parish Church of Saint Anne. Then is there also a Posterne gate made out of the wall on the North side of the late dissolued cloyster of Friers minors, commonly of their habite cal
led Gray Friers, now Christes Church, and Hospitall.
A Postern out of Christes
Hospitall,
This Posternee
30
Gates of this Citie.
sterne was made in the sixt yeare of
Edward the sixt, to passe from the said Hospitall of
Christes Church, vnto the Hospitall of Saint Bartlemew in Smithfield.
The next gate on the west, and by North, is termed Newgate,
as latelier builded then the rest.
This gate was first erected about the raigne of Henry the second, or
Richard the first, vpon this occasion. The Cathedrall Church of
Saint Paule, being burnt about the yeare 1086. in the raigne of VVilliam the
Conque
ror, Mauritius then Bishoppe of London, rapayred not the olde church, as some haue supposed, but began the foundation of a new worke, such as men then iudged would neuer haue béene perfor
med, it was to them so wonderfull for height, length, and breadth, as also in respect it was raysed vppon arches or vaults, &c. After Mauritius, Richard Beamore did wonderfully aduance the work of the said Church, purchasing the large stréetes, and lanes round about, wherein were wont to dwell many lay people, which grounds he began to compasse about with a strong wall of stone, and gates. By meanes of this increase of the Church territo
rie, but more by inclosing of grounde, for so large a cemitorie, or church yarde: the high and large stréete stretching from Aldegate in the East, vntill Ludgate in the West, was in this place so crossed and stopped vp, that the carriage through the cittie West
warde, was forced to passe without the saide churchyarde wall on the North side, through Pater noster row: and then south down Aue Mary lane, and againe West through Bowiar row to Lud
gate: or else out of Chepe, or Wathelingstreet to turne South through the old Exchaunge, then West through Carter lane: a
gaine North vp Créede lane, and then West to Ludgate. Which passage, by reason of so often turning, was very combersome, and daungerous both for horse and man. For remedie whereof, a new gate was made, and so called, by which men and cattell with all manner of carriages, might passe more directly (as afore) from Aldegate, through West Cheape by Paules on the North side, through Saint Nicholas Shambles, and Newgate market to Newgate, and from thence to any part Westwarde ouer Old
borne bridge, or turning without the gate into Smithfielde, and through Iseldon to any part North and by West. This gate
sors, as appeareth by records in the raigne of King Iohn , of which amongst other I find one testifying that in the yeare 1218. The third of King Henry the thirde, the King writeth vnto the She
riffes of London, commaunding them to repaire the Gaile of Newgate, for the safe keeping of his prisoners, and that the char
ges which they should lay out, should be allowed vnto them vpon their accompt in the Exchequer. Moreouer in the yeare 1241. the Iewes of Norwich were hanged for circumcising a Christian childe, their house called the Thor, was pulled downe and destroi
ed, Aron the sonne of Abraham a Iew, at London, and the other Iewes were constrained to pay twentie thousand markes at two termes in the year, or els to be kept perpetuall prisoners in New
gate of London and in other prisons. 1255. King Henry the thirde lodging in the Tower of London, vppon displeasure con
ceyued towards the Cittie of London, for the escape of Iohn Of
frem a prisoner being a Clearke conuict, out of Newgate, which had killed a Prior that was of alliance to the King, as cosen to the Queene, he sent for the Mayor and Sheriffes to come before him, to aunswere the matter: the Mayor laid the fault from him to the Sheriffes, forsomuch as to them belonged the keeping of all pri
soners within the cittie, and so the Mayor returned home, but the Sheriffes remayned there prisoners, by the space of one Moneth and more, and yet they excused themselues in that the fault chiefly rested in the Bishops Officers: for whereas the prisoner was vn
der custodie, they at his request had graunted licence to imprison the offendor within the Gaile of Newgate, but so as the Bishops Officers were charged to sée him safely kept. The King not
withstanding all this, demanded of the cittie 3000. markes for a fine. In the yeare 1326. Robert Baldoke, the kinges Chan
cellor was put in Newgate.
ney gaue foure markes by the yeare, to the reliefe of prisoners in Newgate. In the yeare 1385. William Wallwoorth gaue som
what to relieue the prisoners in Newgate so haue manie others since also. In the yeare 1414. the Gaylors of Newgate and Lud
gate dyed, and prisoners in Newgate to the number of 64. In the 1418. The Parson of Wrotham in Kent was imprisoned in
liam Greue,
mas Knowles Mayor, by licence of Reynold Prior of S. Bartle
mewes, in Smithfield, and also of Iohn Wakering Mayster of the Hospitall of S. Bartlemewe, and his brethren, conueyed the waste of water at the cesterne néere to the common fountaine and Chappell of S. Nicholas, (situate by the saide Hospitall) to the Gailes of Newgate, and Ludgate, for reliefe of the prisoners, and this may suffice for Newgate.
ror, Mauritius then Bishoppe of London, rapayred not the olde church, as some haue supposed, but began the foundation of a new worke, such as men then iudged would neuer haue béene perfor
med, it was to them so wonderfull for height, length, and breadth, as also in respect it was raysed vppon arches or vaults, &c. After Mauritius, Richard Beamore did wonderfully aduance the work of the said Church, purchasing the large stréetes, and lanes round about, wherein were wont to dwell many lay people, which grounds he began to compasse about with a strong wall of stone, and gates. By meanes of this increase of the Church territo
rie, but more by inclosing of grounde, for so large a cemitorie, or church yarde: the high and large stréete stretching from Aldegate in the East, vntill Ludgate in the West, was in this place so crossed and stopped vp, that the carriage through the cittie West
warde, was forced to passe without the saide churchyarde wall on the North side, through Pater noster row: and then south down Aue Mary lane, and againe West through Bowiar row to Lud
gate: or else out of Chepe, or Wathelingstreet to turne South through the old Exchaunge, then West through Carter lane: a
gaine North vp Créede lane, and then West to Ludgate. Which passage, by reason of so often turning, was very combersome, and daungerous both for horse and man. For remedie whereof, a new gate was made, and so called, by which men and cattell with all manner of carriages, might passe more directly (as afore) from Aldegate, through West Cheape by Paules on the North side, through Saint Nicholas Shambles, and Newgate market to Newgate, and from thence to any part Westwarde ouer Old
borne bridge, or turning without the gate into Smithfielde, and through Iseldon to any part North and by West. This gate
hath
31
Gates of this Citie.
hath of long time béene a Gayle,
or prison, for fellons and trespassors, as appeareth by records in the raigne of King Iohn , of which amongst other I find one testifying that in the yeare 1218. The third of King Henry the thirde, the King writeth vnto the She
riffes of London, commaunding them to repaire the Gaile of Newgate, for the safe keeping of his prisoners, and that the char
ges which they should lay out, should be allowed vnto them vpon their accompt in the Exchequer. Moreouer in the yeare 1241. the Iewes of Norwich were hanged for circumcising a Christian childe, their house called the Thor, was pulled downe and destroi
ed, Aron the sonne of Abraham a Iew, at London, and the other Iewes were constrained to pay twentie thousand markes at two termes in the year, or els to be kept perpetuall prisoners in New
gate of London and in other prisons. 1255. King Henry the thirde lodging in the Tower of London, vppon displeasure con
ceyued towards the Cittie of London, for the escape of Iohn Of
frem a prisoner being a Clearke conuict, out of Newgate, which had killed a Prior that was of alliance to the King, as cosen to the Queene, he sent for the Mayor and Sheriffes to come before him, to aunswere the matter: the Mayor laid the fault from him to the Sheriffes, forsomuch as to them belonged the keeping of all pri
soners within the cittie, and so the Mayor returned home, but the Sheriffes remayned there prisoners, by the space of one Moneth and more, and yet they excused themselues in that the fault chiefly rested in the Bishops Officers: for whereas the prisoner was vn
der custodie, they at his request had graunted licence to imprison the offendor within the Gaile of Newgate, but so as the Bishops Officers were charged to sée him safely kept. The King not
withstanding all this, demanded of the cittie 3000. markes for a fine. In the yeare 1326. Robert Baldoke, the kinges Chan
cellor was put in Newgate.
The kinges Chauncellor prisoner in New gate.
In the
yeare 1337. S. Iohn Poultney gaue foure markes by the yeare, to the reliefe of prisoners in Newgate. In the yeare 1385. William Wallwoorth gaue som
what to relieue the prisoners in Newgate so haue manie others since also. In the yeare 1414. the Gaylors of Newgate and Lud
gate dyed, and prisoners in Newgate to the number of 64. In the 1418. The Parson of Wrotham in Kent was imprisoned in
32
Gates of this Citie.
Newgate. The yeare 1422. the first of Henry the sixt, licence was granted to Iohn
Couentre, Ianken Carpenter, and William Greue,
Newgate new builded.
executors to Richard Whittington, to
reedifie the Gaile of Newgate, which they did with his goodes. Lastly
Thomas Knowles Mayor, by licence of Reynold Prior of S. Bartle
mewes, in Smithfield, and also of Iohn Wakering Mayster of the Hospitall of S. Bartlemewe, and his brethren, conueyed the waste of water at the cesterne néere to the common fountaine and Chappell of S. Nicholas, (situate by the saide Hospitall) to the Gailes of Newgate, and Ludgate, for reliefe of the prisoners, and this may suffice for Newgate.
Ludgate
in the West is the next, and is
called Ludgate as first builded (saith Geffrey Monmouth) by King
Lud a Briton, about the yeare before Christes natiuitie 66 Of
which building, and also of the name, as Ludsgate, or Fluds
gate, hath béene of late some question amongst the learned, wherefore I ouer passe
it, as not to my purpose, onely referring the reader to that I haue before
written, out of Cesars commentaries, and other Romaine writers concerning
a towne or Cittie amongst the Britaines. This gate I suppose to be one of the most
auncient: and as Ald
gate was builded for the East, so was this Luds gate for the west. I reade as I tolde you that in the yeare 1215. The 17. of King Iohn the Barons of the Realme, being in armes against the King entred this Citie, and spoyled the Iewes houses, to fill their owne purses which being done, Robert Fitzwater, and Geffrey de Magna villa Earle of Essex, and the Earle of Gloucester chiefe leaders of the Army, applyed all diligence to repayre the gates and walles of this Citie, with the stones of the Iewes broken houses, especially (as it séemeth) they then repayred or rather new builded Ludgate.
ken down to be newe builded, there was found couched within the wall thereof, a stone taken from one of the Iewes houses, where
in was ingrauen in Hebrewe Caracters these wordes following, הך מצב הר משה בן הרב ר יצחק
tion, or Ward of Rabby Moses, the sonne of the honorable Rab
by Isaac, and had béene fixed vppon the front of one of the Iewes
ges of Lud and other Kinges, as appeareth by letters pattents
uised folkes, and in the raigne of Quéene Marie were repayred, as by setting new heads on their old bodies, &c. All which so remay
ned vntil the year 1586.
gate was builded for the East, so was this Luds gate for the west. I reade as I tolde you that in the yeare 1215. The 17. of King Iohn the Barons of the Realme, being in armes against the King entred this Citie, and spoyled the Iewes houses, to fill their owne purses which being done, Robert Fitzwater, and Geffrey de Magna villa Earle of Essex, and the Earle of Gloucester chiefe leaders of the Army, applyed all diligence to repayre the gates and walles of this Citie, with the stones of the Iewes broken houses, especially (as it séemeth) they then repayred or rather new builded Ludgate.
Ludgate new builded.
For in the yeare 1586. when the same gate was taken down to be newe builded, there was found couched within the wall thereof, a stone taken from one of the Iewes houses, where
in was ingrauen in Hebrewe Caracters these wordes following, הך מצב הר משה בן הרב ר יצחק
Iewes houses spoiled.
Hæc est statio Rabbi Moses, fillj23 insignis Rabbi Isaac
: which is to say, this is the Station, or Ward of Rabby Moses, the sonne of the honorable Rab
by Isaac, and had béene fixed vppon the front of one of the Iewes
houses
33
Gates of this Citie.
houses as a note, or signe that such a
one dwelled there. In the yeare 1260. this Ludgate was repaired and
beautified with images of Lud and other Kinges, as appeareth by letters pattents
Patent.
in the Tower, of licence giuen to the cittizens of London, to
take vp stone for the making of those images, dated the 45. of Henry the
third. These images of Kinges in the raigne of Edward the sixt had their heads smitten off, and
were otherwise defaced, by vnaduised folkes, and in the raigne of Quéene Marie were repayred, as by setting new heads on their old bodies, &c. All which so remay
ned vntil the year 1586.
Ludgate again new
builded.
The 28. of Quéen
Elizabeth
, when the same gate being sore decayed was clean taken down, the prisoners
in the meane time remayning in the large Southeast quadrant to the same Gate
adioyning, and the same yeare, the whole gate was newly and beautifully builded
with the images of Lud, & others, as afore, on the East side, and the
picture of her Maiestie,
Quéene Eilzabeth on the West side.
Al which was done at the common charges of ye cittizens, amoū
ting to 1500. £. or more.
bar being Mayor. The same was confirmed in the yeare 1382. Iohn Northampton being Mayor, by a common counsaile in the Guild hall: by which it was ordayned that all frée men of this Cittie should for debt, trespasses, accomptes, and contempts, bee imprisoned in Ludgate, and for treasons, fellonies, and other cri
minall offences be committed to Newgate. &c. In the yeare 1439 the tenth of King Henry the sixt25, Iohn Welles being Mayor, & court of common counsaile established ordinanances, (as William Standon & Robert Chicheley, late Maiors before had done) tou
ching the garde and gouernment of Ludgate, and other prisons.
ting to 1500. £. or more.
Ludgate a free prison.
This gate was made a frée prison in the yeare
1378. the first of Richard
the second
Record Guild. hall.
, Nicholas Brembar being Mayor. The same was confirmed in the yeare 1382. Iohn Northampton being Mayor, by a common counsaile in the Guild hall: by which it was ordayned that all frée men of this Cittie should for debt, trespasses, accomptes, and contempts, bee imprisoned in Ludgate, and for treasons, fellonies, and other cri
minall offences be committed to Newgate. &c. In the yeare 1439 the tenth of King Henry the sixt25, Iohn Welles being Mayor, & court of common counsaile established ordinanances, (as William Standon & Robert Chicheley, late Maiors before had done) tou
ching the garde and gouernment of Ludgate, and other prisons.
Also in the yeare 1463. the third of Edward the fourth, Ma
thew Philip being Mayor, in a common counsaile, at the request of the well disposed, blessed, and deuout woman, Dame Agnes For
ster, widow, late wife to Stephen Forster Fishemonger, some
time Mayor, for the comfort and reliefe of all the poore prisoners, certaine Articles were established. Inprimis, that the new works then late edified by the same Dame Agnes, for the inlarging of the prison of Ludgate, from thenceforth should be had and taken,
thew Philip being Mayor, in a common counsaile, at the request of the well disposed, blessed, and deuout woman, Dame Agnes For
ster, widow, late wife to Stephen Forster Fishemonger, some
time Mayor, for the comfort and reliefe of all the poore prisoners, certaine Articles were established. Inprimis, that the new works then late edified by the same Dame Agnes, for the inlarging of the prison of Ludgate, from thenceforth should be had and taken,
as
D
34
Gates of this Citie.
as a parte and parcell of the saide
prison of Ludgate, so that both the olde and new worke of
Ludgate aforesaid, be one prison, gaile, kéeping, and charge for
euermore.
The saide Quadrant strongly builded of stone, by the before named Stephen
Forster, and Agnes his wife, contayneth a large walking place by
grounde, the like roome it hath ouer it for lodg
ings, and ouer all a fayre leades to walke vpon, well imbattayled, all for ease of prisoners, to the end they shoulde haue lodging and water frée without charge: as by certaine verses grauen in Cop
per, & fixed on the said Quadrant, I haue read in forme following.
ings, and ouer all a fayre leades to walke vpon, well imbattayled, all for ease of prisoners, to the end they shoulde haue lodging and water frée without charge: as by certaine verses grauen in Cop
per, & fixed on the said Quadrant, I haue read in forme following.
Old verses on Ludgate.
Deuout soules that passe this way,
for Stephen Forster late Mayor, hartely pray,
that of pitty this house made for Lōdoners in Ludgate.
So that for lodging and water prisoners here nought pay,
as their keepers shal answere at dreadfull domes day.
This plate, and one other of his Armes, taken downe with the old gate, I caused to
be fixed ouer the entrie of the said Quadrant, but the verses being vnhappily
turned inward to the wall, the like in effect is grauen outwarde in prose,
declaring him to bee a Fish
monger, because some vpon a light occasion (as a maydens heade in a glasse window) had fabuled him to bee a Mercer, and to haue begged there at Ludgate, &c. Thus much for Ludgate.
monger, because some vpon a light occasion (as a maydens heade in a glasse window) had fabuled him to bee a Mercer, and to haue begged there at Ludgate, &c. Thus much for Ludgate.
Next this, is there a breach in the wal of the Citie,
A breach in the wal against Bridewell.
and a bridge
of timber ouer the Fleet dike, betwixt Fléet-bridge
and Thames, directly ouer against the house of Bridewel.
Of the water gates of name, on the banke of the riuer of Thames. The first from
the West towardes the East, is called Ripa Reginæ, the Quéens bank, or
Quéene Hith,
mon strand or landing place, yet equal with, & of old time as far ex
celling Belins gate, as shalbe shewed in the ward of Quéene Hith.
Watergates Queenes hith
which
may wel be accounted a water gate, & the very chief of this citie, being a
common strand or landing place, yet equal with, & of old time as far ex
celling Belins gate, as shalbe shewed in the ward of Quéene Hith.
The next is Downe gate,
so called (as may be supposed) of the sodaine descending, or downe
going of that way from S. Iohns Church vpon Walbrooke vnto the Riuer of
Thames, whereby the water in the channell there hath such aswift course, that in
the
olence of that narrow streame, and carryed towarde the Thames with such a violent swiftnesse, as no man could rescue or stay him, till he came against a cart whéele, that stood in the water gate, be
fore which time he was drowned, and starke dead.
yeare
35
Gates of this Citie.
yeare 1574. on the fourth of
September after a strong shower of rayne, a lad (of the age of 18.
yeares)
A lad of 18. yeares old. drowned in a
channell at downegate.
minding to haue leapt ouer the channell, was
taken by the féete and borne downe with the violence of that narrow streame, and carryed towarde the Thames with such a violent swiftnesse, as no man could rescue or stay him, till he came against a cart whéele, that stood in the water gate, be
fore which time he was drowned, and starke dead.
This was sometime a large water gate, frequented of shippes and other vessels,
like as the Quéene Hith, and was a part there
of, as doth appeare by an Inquisition made in the 28. yeare of Henry the third, wherein was founde, that aswell corne as fish and all other things comming to the Port of Downe gate, were to bee ordered after the customes of the Quéenes Hith, for the kings vse, as also that the corne arriuing betwéene the gate of the Guildhall of the Marchants of Cullen: the (Styleyarde) which is East from Downe gate, and the house then pertayning to the Archbishoppe of Canterbury, West from Baynards castle, was to be measured by the measure and measurer of the Quéenes soke, or Quéene Hith.
of, as doth appeare by an Inquisition made in the 28. yeare of Henry the third, wherein was founde, that aswell corne as fish and all other things comming to the Port of Downe gate, were to bee ordered after the customes of the Quéenes Hith, for the kings vse, as also that the corne arriuing betwéene the gate of the Guildhall of the Marchants of Cullen: the (Styleyarde) which is East from Downe gate, and the house then pertayning to the Archbishoppe of Canterbury, West from Baynards castle, was to be measured by the measure and measurer of the Quéenes soke, or Quéene Hith.
Marchants of the Haunce, landed their corne betwixt
their house, & the Black friers
I reade also in the 19. of Edward the
thirde, that customes were then to be payde for shippes and other
vessels resting at Downe gate, as if they roade at Quéene Hith, and as
they now doe a Belingsgate. And thus much for Downe gate may suffice.
The next after Downgate (of old time) was called Wolses gate
Wolses gate in the Roperie. Liber Horn Liber
S, Albon
in the reperie in the parish of Alhallowes the lesse, of later time called
Wolses lane, but now out of vse: for the lower parte was builded on by
the Earle of Shrewsburie, and the other part was stopped vp, and builded on by the
Chamberlaine of London.
The next is Ebgate,
peareth by diuers records of tenements néere vnto the same adioy
ning. It standeth neare vnto the Church of S. Laurence Pount
ney, but is within the parish of S. Marten Ordegare. In place of this gate is now a narrow passage to the Thames, and is called Ebgate lane, but more commonly the Old Swanne.
Ebgate Liber
trinitate, Liber S, Albon Record E. the 3.
a Watergate, so
called of old time, as appeareth by diuers records of tenements néere vnto the same adioy
ning. It standeth neare vnto the Church of S. Laurence Pount
ney, but is within the parish of S. Marten Ordegare. In place of this gate is now a narrow passage to the Thames, and is called Ebgate lane, but more commonly the Old Swanne.
Then is there a water gate at the Bridge foote, called Oyster gate,
Oystergate
of Oysters that were there of old
time commonly to be sold, and was the chiefest market for them, and for other
shell fishes
There
D2
36
Gates of this Citie.
There standeth now an engine, or
forcier, for the winding vp of ter 26 to serue the citie, whereof I haue already
spoken.
The next is the Bridge gate,
red. This gate with the Tower vpon it, in the 1436. fell down, & two of the farthest Arches Southwards also fell therewith, and no man perished or was hurt therewith. To the repayring where
of, diuers welthy cittizens gaue large summes of money, namely Robert Large, sometime Mayor, gaue to that work 100. marks, Stephen Forster 20. l. S. Iohn Crosby Alderman 100. l. &c. But in the yeare 1471.
Bridge
gate.
so called of London Bridge whereon it standeth: This is
one of the foure first and principall gates of the citie, and was long before the
conquest, when there stood a Bridge of timber: which Gate being weakely made, when
the bridge was builded of stone, hath béene often times since repayred. This gate with the Tower vpon it, in the 1436. fell down, & two of the farthest Arches Southwards also fell therewith, and no man perished or was hurt therewith. To the repayring where
of, diuers welthy cittizens gaue large summes of money, namely Robert Large, sometime Mayor, gaue to that work 100. marks, Stephen Forster 20. l. S. Iohn Crosby Alderman 100. l. &c. But in the yeare 1471.
W. Dunthorne
the Kentish Mariners vnder the conduct of Bastard Fauconbridge,
burned the said Gate, and xiij.honses 27 on the Bridge, besides the Béere houses at
S. Katherines, and many other in the suburbes.
The next is Buttolphes gate,
minster in these wordes: W. Rex Angliæ &c. William King of England, sendeth gréeting to the Sheriffes & all his ministers, as also to all his louing subiects, French and English of London, Know ye that I haue granted to God, and S. Peter of Westmin
ster, & to the Abbot Vitalis, the gift which Almundus of the port of S. Buttolph gaue them, when he was there made Monke: that is to say, his Lords court with the houses, and one Wharfe, which is at the head of London bridge, and all other his landes which he had in the same citie, in such sort as King Edward more benefici
ally, and amply granted the same: and I will and command, that they shall inioy the same well and quietly and honourably with
sake, and soke &c.
Buttolphes
gate.
so called of the parish Church of S. Buttolph néere
adioyning. This gate was sometime giuen, or confirmed by William
Conqueror, to the Monkes of Westminster in these wordes: W. Rex Angliæ &c. William King of England, sendeth gréeting to the Sheriffes & all his ministers, as also to all his louing subiects, French and English of London, Know ye that I haue granted to God, and S. Peter of Westmin
ster, & to the Abbot Vitalis, the gift which Almundus of the port of S. Buttolph gaue them, when he was there made Monke: that is to say, his Lords court with the houses, and one Wharfe, which is at the head of London bridge, and all other his landes which he had in the same citie, in such sort as King Edward more benefici
ally, and amply granted the same: and I will and command, that they shall inioy the same well and quietly and honourably with
sake, and soke &c.
The next is Belingsgate
nowe vsed as an especiall
Porte or harborow, for small shippes and boates comming thereto, and is now the
largest water gate on the Riuer of Thames, and there
fore most frequented, the Quéenes Hith being almost forsaken. Now this Gate tooke that name, or of what antiquity the same is,
uitie builded this gate, and named it Belins gate, after his owne calling: and that when he was dead, his bodie being burned, the ashes in a vessell of brasse, were set vpon a high pinacle of stone o
uer the same Gate. But Cesar, and other the Romaine writers, affirme of citties, walles, and gates, as ye haue before heard, and therefore it séemeth to me not to be so auncient, but rather to haue taken that name of some later owner of the place, happily named Belin, as Somars Key, Smarts Key, Froth wharfe, and others thereby tooke their names of their owners: of this gate more shall be saide when we come to Belins Gate warde.
fore most frequented, the Quéenes Hith being almost forsaken. Now this Gate tooke that name, or of what antiquity the same is,
I
37
Towers and Castels.
must leaue vncertaine, as not hauing
read any auncient recorde thereof, more then that Geffrey Monmouth
writeth, that Belin a King of the Britans, about 400. yeares
before Christes natiuitie builded this gate, and named it Belins gate, after his owne calling: and that when he was dead, his bodie being burned, the ashes in a vessell of brasse, were set vpon a high pinacle of stone o
uer the same Gate. But Cesar, and other the Romaine writers, affirme of citties, walles, and gates, as ye haue before heard, and therefore it séemeth to me not to be so auncient, but rather to haue taken that name of some later owner of the place, happily named Belin, as Somars Key, Smarts Key, Froth wharfe, and others thereby tooke their names of their owners: of this gate more shall be saide when we come to Belins Gate warde.
Then haue you a Water gate
gate, as being at the South end of Water lane.
Watergate by the
custome house.
on the West side of Woolle wharfe, or Customers Key,
which is now of late most beautifully enlarged and built, This gate is commonly
called the Watergate, as being at the South end of Water lane.
One other Water gate there is by the Bulwark of the Tow
er, and this is the last and farthest water gate Eastward, on the Riuer of Thames, so farre as the cittie of London extendeth with
in the walles: both which last named water gates bee within the Tower ward.
er, and this is the last and farthest water gate Eastward, on the Riuer of Thames, so farre as the cittie of London extendeth with
in the walles: both which last named water gates bee within the Tower ward.
Besides these common Water gates were diuers priuate wharfes and Keyes
Wharfes and Keyes.
all along from the East
to the West of this Cittie, on the banke of the Riuer of Thames: Marchants of all
nations had landing places, Ware houses, sellers and stowage of their goodes and
marchandises, as partly shall bee touched in the Wardes adioyning to the said
Riuer, and therefore concerning Gates let this suffice.
Of Towers and Castels.
THe Citie of London (saith Fitzstephens) hath in the East a very great & a
most strong Palatine Tower,The Tower
of28 London. whose turrets and walles do rise from a deep
foundation, the mor
ter thereof being tempered with the blood of beastes. In the west parte are two most
der aswell thereof, as also of many other Towers, castles, and great buildings within this Realme: but (as I haue alreadie be
fore noted) Cesar remayned not here so long, nor had hee in his head any such matter,
barous countrey, and to procéede to greater matters. Neyther do the Romaine writers make mention of any such buildings erected by him here. And therefore leauing this, and procéeding to more grounded authoritie, I find in a fayre register booke, of the actes of the Bishops of Rochester, set downe by Edmond of Haden
ham, that William the first (surnamed Conquerour) builded the Tower of London, to wit, the great white and square Tower, there, about the yeare of Christ 1078. appointing Gundulph, then Bishop of Rochester, to be principall surueyer and ouersée
er30 of that worke, who was for that time lodged in the house of Edmere a Burgesse of London, the very wordes of which mine Author are these. Gundulphus Episcopus mandato Willielmi Regis magni præfuit operi magnæ Turris London. quo tem
pore hospitatus est apud quendā Edmerum Burgensem Lon
don. qui dedit vnum were Ecclesiæ Rofen. This was the great square Tower, which was then builded, and hath béene since, at diuers times inlarged with other buildings adioyning, as shall be shewed hereafter. This Tower was by tempest of wind sore sha
ken in the yeare 1090. the fourth of William Rufus , and was a
gaine by the said Rufus and Henry the first repayred. They also caused a castle to be builded vnder the said Tower, to wéete, on the South side towardes the Thames.
ter thereof being tempered with the blood of beastes. In the west parte are two most
strong
D3
38
Towers and Castels.
strong Castels &c. To beginne therefore with the most famous Tower of
London, situate in the East, neere vnto the Riuer of Thames, it hath
béene the common opinion: and some hane29 written (but of none assured ground) that
Iulius Cesar, the first Conqueror of the Britaines, was the originall
Author, and founder aswell thereof, as also of many other Towers, castles, and great buildings within this Realme: but (as I haue alreadie be
fore noted) Cesar remayned not here so long, nor had hee in his head any such matter,
In my Annals.
but onely to dispatch a conquest of this barbarous countrey, and to procéede to greater matters. Neyther do the Romaine writers make mention of any such buildings erected by him here. And therefore leauing this, and procéeding to more grounded authoritie, I find in a fayre register booke, of the actes of the Bishops of Rochester, set downe by Edmond of Haden
ham, that William the first (surnamed Conquerour) builded the Tower of London, to wit, the great white and square Tower, there, about the yeare of Christ 1078. appointing Gundulph, then Bishop of Rochester, to be principall surueyer and ouersée
er30 of that worke, who was for that time lodged in the house of Edmere a Burgesse of London, the very wordes of which mine Author are these. Gundulphus Episcopus mandato Willielmi Regis magni præfuit operi magnæ Turris London. quo tem
pore hospitatus est apud quendā Edmerum Burgensem Lon
don. qui dedit vnum were Ecclesiæ Rofen. This was the great square Tower, which was then builded, and hath béene since, at diuers times inlarged with other buildings adioyning, as shall be shewed hereafter. This Tower was by tempest of wind sore sha
ken in the yeare 1090. the fourth of William Rufus , and was a
gaine by the said Rufus and Henry the first repayred. They also caused a castle to be builded vnder the said Tower, to wéete, on the South side towardes the Thames.
Othowerus, Acolinillus, Otto, and Geffrey Earle of Essex were
foure of the first Constables of this Tower of London, by succession: all
which held by force a portion of lande (that pertay
ned to the Priorie of the holie Trinitie within Aldgate) that is to say, East Smithfield,
of a Uyneyarde, and woulde not depart from it, till the seconde
don against King Stephen, but the King tooke him in his court at S. Albons, and would not deliuer him till hee had rendred the Tower of London, with the Castels of Walden, and Pleshey in Essex. About the yeare 1190. the second of Richard the first, William Longshampe Bishop of Elie, Chauncellor of England, for cause of dissention betwixt him and Earle Iohn
ther, that was rebell, inclosed the Tower, and castle of London, with an outward wall of stone imbattailed, and also caused a déepe ditch to be cast about the same, thinking (as I haue said before) to haue enuironed it with the Riuer of Thames. By the making of this ditch in Eastsmithfield, the Church of the holy Trinitie in London lost halfe a marke rent by the yeare, & the Mill was re
moued that belonged to the poore brethren of the Hospitall of S. Katherine,
den which the King had hyred of the brethren for sixe markes the yeare, for the most part was wasted and marred by the ditch. Re
compence was often promised, but neuer performed, vntill King Edward comming after, gaue to the brethren fiue markes and a half for that part which the ditch had deuoured: and the other part thereof without, he yeelded to them againe, which they hold: and of the said rent of fiue markes and a halfe they haue a déed, by ver
tue whereof, they are well paid vntill this day.
ned to the Priorie of the holie Trinitie within Aldgate) that is to say, East Smithfield,
Eastsmithfield a Vineyarde.
néere vnto the Tower, making thereof a Uyneyarde, and woulde not depart from it, till the seconde
yeare
39
Towers and Castels.
yeare of King Stephen
, when the same was adiudged and restored to the said Church.
Ex. Charta.
This Geffrey Magnauille was Earle of Essex, Constable of the
Tower, Sheriffe of London,
Middlesex Essex, and Hertford shires, as appeareth by a Charter
of Maud the Empresse, dated 1141. He also fortified
the Tower of London against King Stephen, but the King tooke him in his court at S. Albons, and would not deliuer him till hee had rendred the Tower of London, with the Castels of Walden, and Pleshey in Essex. About the yeare 1190. the second of Richard the first, William Longshampe Bishop of Elie, Chauncellor of England, for cause of dissention betwixt him and Earle Iohn
Iohn Beuer.
the Kings brother, that was rebell, inclosed the Tower, and castle of London, with an outward wall of stone imbattailed, and also caused a déepe ditch to be cast about the same, thinking (as I haue said before) to haue enuironed it with the Riuer of Thames. By the making of this ditch in Eastsmithfield, the Church of the holy Trinitie in London lost halfe a marke rent by the yeare, & the Mill was re
moued that belonged to the poore brethren of the Hospitall of S. Katherine,
S. Katherines mill
stood where now is the Iron gate of the Tower.
and to the Church of the
Trinitie aforesaid, which was no small losse and discommoditie to eyther part, and
the garden which the King had hyred of the brethren for sixe markes the yeare, for the most part was wasted and marred by the ditch. Re
compence was often promised, but neuer performed, vntill King Edward comming after, gaue to the brethren fiue markes and a half for that part which the ditch had deuoured: and the other part thereof without, he yeelded to them againe, which they hold: and of the said rent of fiue markes and a halfe they haue a déed, by ver
tue whereof, they are well paid vntill this day.
About the yeare 1239. King Henry the third caused the
To
wer of London to be fortified with bulwarkes,
wer of London to be fortified with bulwarkes,
Bulwarke without the Tower
build
ed.
which after they were
builded fell downe, and therefore he caused it to be reedified more strongly, to
his cost of more then twelue thousand markes.
ed.
In the yeare 1274. King Edward the first commaunded
the Treasurer and Chamberlaine of his Exchequer, to deliuer out of his Treasorie,
vnto Giles of Andwarp 200.
Record. Tower. Ditch about the Towerres payred.
markes, of the
fines, taken of diuers Marchants, or vsurers of London, towardes the
worke of the ditch about the Tower of London.
And in the yeare 1532. King Henry the eight repayred the
whyte Tower.
crease and maintenance of this Tower. Now somewhat of acci
dents in the same.
Tower repay
red by Henry the eight,
Thus much for the
foundation and building, inred by Henry the eight,
crease and maintenance of this Tower. Now somewhat of acci
dents in the same.
In the year 1196.
Actions of
the Tower.
William Fitzosbart, a cittizen of London seditiously mouing the
common people to séeke libertie, and not to be subiect to the rich, and more
mighty, at length was taken and brought before the Archbishoppe of Canterburie in
the Tower,
where he was by the iudges condemned, had iudgement, and was by
the héeles drawne thence to the Ealmes in Smithfield, and there hanged.
In the yeare 1220. all the Plées belonging to the crowne, were
holden in the Tower:
Plees of the Crowne plea
ded in the Tower.
and likewise in
the yeare 1224. &c.
ded in the Tower.
In the yeare 1222. the cittizens of London hauing made
a tumult against the Abbot of Westminster, Hubert of Burgh,
chiefe Iustice of England,
came to the Tower of London, called before him the Mayor and
Aldermen, of whom he enquired for the principall authors of that sedition: amongst
whome one named Constantine Fitz Aelulfe
med men, brought him to the gallowes, and there hanged him & other twaine.
Constantine Fitz Aelufe hanged
auowed,
that hee was the man, and had done much lesse then he ought to haue done:
Wherevpon the Iustice sent him with two other to Falks de Brent, who with
armed men, brought him to the gallowes, and there hanged him & other twaine.
In the yeare 1244. Griffith
cape, and hauing in the night made of the hangings, shéetes, &c. a long line, he put himselfe downe from the toppe of the Tower, but in the slyding, the weight of his body, (being a very bigge and a fatte man) brake the rope, and he fell and brake his necke with
all.
Griffith of Wales fel from the Tower.
the eldest sonne of
Leoline, prince of Wales, being kept prisoner in the Tower,
deuised meanes of escape, and hauing in the night made of the hangings, shéetes, &c. a long line, he put himselfe downe from the toppe of the Tower, but in the slyding, the weight of his body, (being a very bigge and a fatte man) brake the rope, and he fell and brake his necke with
all.
In the yeare 1253. King Henry the thirde, imprisoned
the Sheriffes of London in the Tower,
Sheriffes of London priso
ners in the Tower.
more then a moneth, for the
escape of a prisoner out of Newgate.
ners in the Tower.
In the yeare 1260. King Henry
with his
Quéene (for seare of the Barons) were lodged in this Tower. The next yeare hee
sent for his Lords, and held his parliament there.
In
41
Towers and Castels.
In the yeare 1263. when the
Quéene would haue remoued from the Tower by water, towards VVindsore,
sundry Londoners got them together to the bridge, vnder the which she was to passe, and not onely cryed out vpon her with reprochfull wordes, but also threw myre & stones at her, by which she was constrained to returne for the time, but in ye year 1265. the said Citizens were faine to submit themselues to the king for it, and the Mayor, Alder
men, & Sheriffes were sent to diuers prisons, & a Custos also was set ouer the Citie, to wit, Othon Constable of the Tower, &c.
In the yeare 1282. Leoline Prince of VVales
on the Tower.
Leoline prince of Wales his head set on the
Tower.
being taken at Blewth Castle, Roger Lestrange
cut off his head, which Sir Roger Mortimer caused to be crowned with
Iuie, and set it vpon the Tower.
In the yeare 1290. diuers Iustices aswell of the Bench,
Iustices of the Bench sent to the Tower.
as
of the assyses, were sent prisoners to the Tower, which with great sommes of money
redéemed their libertie.
In the yeare 1320. the Kinges Iustices sate in the To
wer,
wer,
Iustices sate in the Tower.
for tryall of matters, wherevpon Iohn
Gifors late Mayor of London, and many other fled the Citie for
feare of things they had presumptuously done.
In the yeare 1321. the Mortimers yéelding themselues
to the King, he sent them prisoners to the Tower, where they remayned long, and
were adiudged to be drawne and hanged. But at length Roger Mortimer
Mortimer made an e
scape out of the Tower. Citizēs of Lōdon wrested ye keyes of the Tower from the Constable. Mortimer drawne from the Tower to the Elmes, & hanged
of Wigmore by giuing to
his kéepers a sléepie drinke, escaped out of the Tower, and his vncle
Roger being still kept there died about fiue yeares after.
scape out of the Tower. Citizēs of Lōdon wrested ye keyes of the Tower from the Constable. Mortimer drawne from the Tower to the Elmes, & hanged
In the year 1326. the Citizens of London wrested ye keyes of ye Tower out of the Constables
hands, & deliuered all the prisoners.
In the yeare 1330. Roger Mortimer Earle of
March was taken and bronght31 to the Tower, from whence hee was drawne
to the Elmes and there hanged.
In the yeare 1344. King Edward the third commaunded
Flo
rences of gold to be made and coyned in the Tower, that is to say, a penie péece of the value of sixe shillinges and eyght pence, the half penie piece, of the value of iij.s̃>.and iiijď.and a farthing péece worth 20. pence, Perciuall de Porte of Luke being then Maister of the coyne. And this is the first coyning of Gold in the Tower,
lings, which were pence, so called, for other coynes they had none. The antiquitie of this starling penie vsuall in this Realme, is from the raign of Henry the second: notwithstanding, the Saxon coines before the conquest were pence of fine siluer full the weight, and somewhat better then the latter starlings, as I haue tryed by con
ference of the pence of Burghrede king of Mercia, Aelfred, Ed
ward, and Edelrod, kings of the West Sexons, Plegmond Arch
bishop of Canterburie, and others. William the Conquerours
als of sixe pointes.
rences of gold to be made and coyned in the Tower, that is to say, a penie péece of the value of sixe shillinges and eyght pence, the half penie piece, of the value of iij.s̃>.and iiijď.and a farthing péece worth 20. pence, Perciuall de Porte of Luke being then Maister of the coyne. And this is the first coyning of Gold in the Tower,
A Mint in the Tower: Florēces of gold coi
ned there.
ned there.
whereof
42
Towers and Castels.
whereof I haue read, & also the
first coyning of Gold in England: for (that I may a little digresse by
occasion hereof) I find that in times before passed,
Argent, and Pecunia after called Estar
ling.
all great sommes were paid by wayght of
gold or siluer, as so many pounds or marks of siluer, or so many pounds or markes
of Gold, as I could proue by many good authorities, which I ouerpasse. The smaller
sommes also were paide in starling.
lings, which were pence, so called, for other coynes they had none. The antiquitie of this starling penie vsuall in this Realme, is from the raign of Henry the second: notwithstanding, the Saxon coines before the conquest were pence of fine siluer full the weight, and somewhat better then the latter starlings, as I haue tryed by con
ference of the pence of Burghrede king of Mercia, Aelfred, Ed
ward, and Edelrod, kings of the West Sexons, Plegmond Arch
bishop of Canterburie, and others. William the Conquerours
W. Conqueror Weare no beardes. W.
Malmsbery
penie also was fine siluer of the weight of the Easterling, and had on the
one side stamped an armed heade, with a beardles face, (for the Normans
did weare no beardes) with a scepter in his hand: the inscription in the
circumference was this, Le Rei Wilā on the other side a Crosse double to
the ring, betwéene foure rowals of sixe pointes.
This Henrie in the
eight year of his raigne, ordayned the peny which was round, so to bee
quartered, by the crosse, that they might easily bee broken,
into
halfe pence and farthinges. In
the first, second, thirde, fourth, and fift of king Richard the first
his raigne, and afterwardes I find commonly Esterling mony menti
oned, and yet oft times the same is called argent as afore, and not otherwise.
oned, and yet oft times the same is called argent as afore, and not otherwise.
The first great summe that I read of to be paid in Esterlinges, was in the fift of Richard
the first, when Robert Earle of Ley
cester being prisoner in France, proffered for his ransome a thou
sand markes Esterlinges, notwithstanding the Esterling pence were long before. The weight of the Esterling pennie
peare by diuers statutes, namely of weights and measures, made in the 51. of Henry the third in these words. Thirtie two graines of Wheat, drie and round, taken in the midst of the eare, should
chaunge, or mintes, a new coyne being then appointed, the pound of Esterling money should contayne as afore 12. ownces, to wit, fine siluer, such as was then made into foyle, and was commonly called siluer of Guthurons lane, 11. ounces, two Estarlings, and one ferling or farthing, and the other 17. pence ob. q. to bee lay. Also the pound of money ought to weygh xx.s̃.iij.ď.by accompt, so that no pound ought to be ouer xx.s̃.iiij.ď.nor lesse thē xx.s̃.ij.ď. by accompt, the ounce to weigh twenty pence, the penny weyght, 24. graynes (which 24. by weight then appointed, were as much as the former 32. graynes of weight) a pennie force, 25. graynes and a halfe, the pennie deble, or féeble 22. graines and a halfe &c.
cester being prisoner in France, proffered for his ransome a thou
sand markes Esterlinges, notwithstanding the Esterling pence were long before. The weight of the Esterling pennie
VVeight of starling penie
32. graines of Wheate.
may appeare by diuers statutes, namely of weights and measures, made in the 51. of Henry the third in these words. Thirtie two graines of Wheat, drie and round, taken in the midst of the eare, should
bee
43
Towers and Castels.
be the weight of a starling penie, 20.
of those pence shoulde waye one ounce, 12. ownces a pound Troy. It followeth in
the statute eight pound to make a gallon of Wine, and eight gallons a bushell of
London measure; &c. Notwithstanding which Statute, I find in the eight of Edward
the first, Gregorie Rokefley Mayor of London, being
chiefe Maister or minister of the kinges Exchaunge, or mintes, a new coyne being then appointed, the pound of Esterling money should contayne as afore 12. ownces, to wit, fine siluer, such as was then made into foyle, and was commonly called siluer of Guthurons lane, 11. ounces, two Estarlings, and one ferling or farthing, and the other 17. pence ob. q. to bee lay. Also the pound of money ought to weygh xx.s̃.iij.ď.by accompt, so that no pound ought to be ouer xx.s̃.iiij.ď.nor lesse thē xx.s̃.ij.ď. by accompt, the ounce to weigh twenty pence, the penny weyght, 24. graynes (which 24. by weight then appointed, were as much as the former 32. graynes of weight) a pennie force, 25. graynes and a halfe, the pennie deble, or féeble 22. graines and a halfe &c.
Now for the pennie Esterling how it tooke that name, I think good briefly to
touch.
uer pennie was worth ten Copper pence, and euery Gold pennie worth ten siluer pence, the pence therefore were called in Latine Denarij, and oftentimes the pence are named of the matter and stuffe of Gold or siluer. But the money of England was called of the workers and makers thereof: as the Floren of gold is called of the Florentines, that were the workers thereof: and so the Esterling pence tooke their name of the Esterlinges, which did first make this mony in England in the raign of Henry the second.
The penie E
sterling how it tooke the name.
It hath béene
said that Numa Pompilius the second King of the Romaines
commanded money first to bee made, of whose name they were called Numi,
and when Copper pence, siluer pence, and gold pence were made, because euery
silsterling how it tooke the name.
uer pennie was worth ten Copper pence, and euery Gold pennie worth ten siluer pence, the pence therefore were called in Latine Denarij, and oftentimes the pence are named of the matter and stuffe of Gold or siluer. But the money of England was called of the workers and makers thereof: as the Floren of gold is called of the Florentines, that were the workers thereof: and so the Esterling pence tooke their name of the Esterlinges, which did first make this mony in England in the raign of Henry the second.
Thus haue I set downe according to my small reading in anti
quitie: these money matters, omitting the imaginations of late writers, of whom some haue saide Esterling money to take that name of a starre, stamped in the border, or ring of the pennie: o
ther some of a birde called a Stare or starling
cumference: and other (more vnlikely) of being coyned at Siri
quitie: these money matters, omitting the imaginations of late writers, of whom some haue saide Esterling money to take that name of a starre, stamped in the border, or ring of the pennie: o
ther some of a birde called a Stare or starling
Starling mo
ney when it tooke begin
ning in this land.
stamped in the cirney when it tooke begin
ning in this land.
cumference: and other (more vnlikely) of being coyned at Siri
uelin.
44
Towers and Castels.
uelin or Starling, a towne in
Scotland. &c.
Now concerning halfe pence, and Farthinges,
don, and no where else. The kinges Exchaunge at London,
Of
halfepence ond farthings.
the account of which is more subtiller then
the pence, I neede not speake of them more, then that they were onely made in the
Exchange at London, and no where else. The kinges Exchaunge at London,
The kinges Exchange at London.
was neare vnto the
Cathedrall Church of S. Paule, and is to this day commonly called the old
Chaunge, but in Euidences the old Exchange.
The kings Exchaunger, in this place, was to deliuer out to e
uery other Exchaunger, throughout England, or other the kinges Dominions, their Coyning irons, that is to say, one Standerde, or Staple, and two Trussels, or Punchons: and when the same were spent and woorne, to receiue them with an accounte, what summe had beene coyned, and also their Pix, or Boxe of assay and to deliuer other Irons new grauen, &c.
hampton, Oxforde, S. Edmondsbury, and Durham. The Ex
changer, Examiner, and Tryer, buyeth the siluer, for Coynage: aunswering for euery 100.£. of siluer, bought in Bolion, or otherwise, 98. l. 15. s̃. for he taketh 25.s̃. for coynage.
uery other Exchaunger, throughout England, or other the kinges Dominions, their Coyning irons, that is to say, one Standerde, or Staple, and two Trussels, or Punchons: and when the same were spent and woorne, to receiue them with an accounte, what summe had beene coyned, and also their Pix, or Boxe of assay and to deliuer other Irons new grauen, &c.
Mints in Eng
land.
I finde that in
the 9. of king Iohn
,
land.
patent 9. Iohn
there was besides
the Mint at London, other Mints, at Winchester, Excester, Chicester,
Canterbury, Rochester, Ipswitch, Norwitch, Lenn, Lincolne, Yorke, Carlell,
Northhampton, Oxforde, S. Edmondsbury, and Durham. The Ex
changer, Examiner, and Tryer, buyeth the siluer, for Coynage: aunswering for euery 100.£. of siluer, bought in Bolion, or otherwise, 98. l. 15. s̃. for he taketh 25.s̃. for coynage.
Deminishing. of
Coine.
In the yeare 1351. William Edington Bishop of
Winche
ster, and Treasurer of Englande, a wise man, but louing the kinges commodity, more then the wealth of the whole Realme, & common people, (saith mine Author) caused a new coine, called a groate, and a halfe groate, to be coyned and stamped,
to a new, but the old noble (then so called) was worth much aboue the taxed rate of the new, and therefore the Marchantes iugrossed32 vp the olde, and conueyed them out of the Realme to the greate losse of the kingdome. Wherefore a remedy was prouided by chaunging of the stampe.
ster, and Treasurer of Englande, a wise man, but louing the kinges commodity, more then the wealth of the whole Realme, & common people, (saith mine Author) caused a new coine, called a groate, and a halfe groate, to be coyned and stamped,
Thomas VVal
singham. First groates and halfe coyned.
the groate to be taken for iiij.ď.and the
halfe groate for ij.ď.not conteyning in weight according to the pence called
Easterlinges, but much lesse, to wit by v.s̃.in the
pounde: by reason whereof, victuailes, and marchandizes became the dearer, through
the whole Realme. Aboute the same time also, the olde coine of golde,
singham. First groates and halfe coyned.
Coines of gold enhaunced.
was changed into a new, but the old noble (then so called) was worth much aboue the taxed rate of the new, and therefore the Marchantes iugrossed32 vp the olde, and conueyed them out of the Realme to the greate losse of the kingdome. Wherefore a remedy was prouided by chaunging of the stampe.
In
45
Towers and Castels.
In the yeare 1464. king
Edwarde the 4. caused a new Coine both of golde
Coines of golde⎜allayed and also raised in valew, Rose,
Noble.
and siluer to bee made, whereby he gained much: For he made of an
olde Noble a Royal, which he commanded to go for x.s̃.Neuerthelesse to the same Royal was put 8. ď.
of Alay, and so weighed the more, being smitten, with a new stamp, to wit
a Rose. He likewise made halfe Angels of 5.s̃. and Farthings, of 2.s̃. 6.ď. Angelets of 6. s̃. 8.ď. and halfe Angels 3.s̃.
4.ď. He made siluer monies of 3.ď. a groate, and so of other Coynes after that
rate, to the greate harme of the commons. William Lorde Hastinges being Maister of the kinges Mintes.
Thus much for Mint and coynage in and by occasion of this Tower, where the chiefe
coining hath long continued, vnder cor
rection of other more skilful may suffice: and now to other acci
dents here.
rection of other more skilful may suffice: and now to other acci
dents here.
In the yeare 1360. the Peace betweene England and
France, being confirmed, King Edwarde came ouer into
England, and straight to the Tower, to see the French king
then prisoner there,
French king Prisoner in the
Tower.
whose ransome hee assessed at three millions of Florences, and so
deliuered him from Prison, and brought him with honor to the Sea.
In the yere 1381. the Rebels of Kent,
er (where the king was then loged,) Simon Sudbery, Archbishop of Canterbury, Lorde Chauncelor: Robart Hales Prior of S. Iohns, and Treasurer of Englande: William Appleton Frier, the kinges confessor, and Iohn Legge a Sargiant of the kinges, and beheaded them on the Tower hill. &c.
Rebels of Kent
enter
the Tower.
drew out of the Tower (where the king was then loged,) Simon Sudbery, Archbishop of Canterbury, Lorde Chauncelor: Robart Hales Prior of S. Iohns, and Treasurer of Englande: William Appleton Frier, the kinges confessor, and Iohn Legge a Sargiant of the kinges, and beheaded them on the Tower hill. &c.
In the yeare 1387. king Richard
Richard the 2. prisoner in the Tower.
held his feast of Christmas in the Tower. And in the yeare 1399.
the same king was sent prisoner to the Tower.
In the yeare 1414. Sir Iohn Oldecastle brake out of
the Tower. And the same yeare a Parliament being holden at Lei
cester, a Porter of the Tower was drawn, hanged and headed, whose heade was sent vp, and set ouer the Tower gate, for con
senting to one Whitlooke, that brake out of the Towre.
cester, a Porter of the Tower was drawn, hanged and headed, whose heade was sent vp, and set ouer the Tower gate, for con
senting to one Whitlooke, that brake out of the Towre.
In the yeare 1419. Fryer Randulph was sent to the
Tow
er, and was there slaine by the Parson of S. Peters in the Tower.
er, and was there slaine by the Parson of S. Peters in the Tower.
In the yeare 1465. king Henry the 6. was⎜brought
priso
ner
46
Towers and Castels.
ner to the Tower, where he remained
long. In the yeare, 1470. the Tower was yeelded to the Maior of
London, and his Brethren the Aldermen, who forthwith entered the same,
and deliuered king Henry, but the next yeare hee was againe sent thether,
and there murthered.
In the yeare, 1478. George Duke of Clarence
was drow
ned in the Tower: and within 5. yeares after king Edwarde the 5. with his brother were murdered in the Tower.
ned in the Tower: and within 5. yeares after king Edwarde the 5. with his brother were murdered in the Tower.
King Henry the 6. murdred in the
Tower
In the
yere, 1502. Queene Elizabeth wife of Henry, the 7. died of
childebirth in the Tower. In the yeare 1512. the Chappell in
the high white Tower was burned. In the yeare 1536. Queene Anne
Bullen was beheaded in the Tower. In the yeare 1541. Lady Katheren
Howarde wife to king Henry the 8. was also beheaded there.
Thus much for these accidentes: and now to conclude thereof in summarie. This
Tower
like prouision. The Treasurie of the ornamentes and Iewels, of the Crowne, and generall conseruer of the most auncient Re
cordes of the kinges Courtes of iustice at Westminster.
Vse of the Tower.
is a citadell,
to defend or commande the Citie: A royall palace for assemblies, and treaties. A
prison of Estate, for the most daungerous offendors: The onely place of coinage
for all Englande at this present. The Armorie for warlike prouision. The Treasurie of the ornamentes and Iewels, of the Crowne, and generall conseruer of the most auncient Re
cordes of the kinges Courtes of iustice at Westminster.
The next Tower on the riuer of Thames, is on London bridge at
the North ende of the draw bridge.
dation of this worke, the other three were laide by the Shiriffes, and Bridgemaisters, vpon euery of these foure stones was engra
uen in fayre Romaine letters, the name of Ihesus. And these stones, I haue seene laide in the Bridge store house, since they were taken vp, when that Tower was of late newly made of timber. This gate and Tower was at the first stronglie builded vp of stone, and so continued vntill the yere 1577. in the Moneth of Aprill , when the same stone Arched gate, and Tower being de
cayed was begunne to bee taken downe, and then were the heads of the Traytors remoued thence, and set on the Tower ouer the gate at the bridge foote, towardes Southwarke. This saide Tow
er was finished a beutiful and chargeable peece of worke, all aboue the bridge being of timber.
Tower at the
north end of the draw bridg
This Tower was new begun to be builded in
the yeare, 1426. Iohn Reynwell Maior of
London, laide one of the first corner stones, in the foundation of this worke, the other three were laide by the Shiriffes, and Bridgemaisters, vpon euery of these foure stones was engra
uen in fayre Romaine letters, the name of Ihesus. And these stones, I haue seene laide in the Bridge store house, since they were taken vp, when that Tower was of late newly made of timber. This gate and Tower was at the first stronglie builded vp of stone, and so continued vntill the yere 1577. in the Moneth of Aprill , when the same stone Arched gate, and Tower being de
cayed was begunne to bee taken downe, and then were the heads of the Traytors remoued thence, and set on the Tower ouer the gate at the bridge foote, towardes Southwarke. This saide Tow
er
47
Towers and Castels.
being taken downe a new foundation was
drawne: and Sir Iohn Langley Lord Maior layed the first stone in the
presence of the Shiriffes, and Bridge maisters, on the 28. of August
, and in the Moneth of September, the yeare
1579. the same Tower was finished a beutiful and chargeable peece of worke, all aboue the bridge being of timber.
An other Towre there is on London bridge, to wit, ouer the gate at the
South ende of the same bridge
warke. This gate with the Tower thereupon, and two Arches of the Bridge fell downe, and no man perished by the fall thereof in the yere, 1436.
ritable Citizens gaue large summes of money: which gate being then again new builded, was in the yere 1471. burned by the Mar
riners and Saylors of Kent, Bastarde Fauconbridge, being theyr Captaine.
Tower at the south
ende of the bridge.
towardes Southwarke. This gate with the Tower thereupon, and two Arches of the Bridge fell downe, and no man perished by the fall thereof in the yere, 1436.
The south gate on London bridge
burned
Towards the new building whereof, diuers, charitable Citizens gaue large summes of money: which gate being then again new builded, was in the yere 1471. burned by the Mar
riners and Saylors of Kent, Bastarde Fauconbridge, being theyr Captaine.
In the west part of this citie, (saith Fitzstephen) are two most strong
castels &c. Also Garuasius Tilbery, in the raigne of Hen
ry the second, writing of these castles, hath to this effect. Two Castles (saith hee, are built with walles and rampires, wher
of one, is in right of succession, Baynardes: the other the Ba
rons of Mountfitchet: the first of these castles bankying on the riuer Thames, was called Baynardes Castle, of Baynarde, a noble man that came in with the Conqueror, and then builded it and deceased in the yeare of the raigne of William Rufus 33 after whose decease Geffery Baynarde succeeded, and then William Baynarde, in the yeare 1111. who by forfeyture for felony, lost his Barony, of little Dunmow and king Henry gaue if wholy to Robart Fitz Richard the Sonne of Gilbarte Earle of Clare, and to his heires together with the honor of Baynardes castell. This Robart married Maude de Sent Licio, Lady of Bradham and deceased 1134. was buried at S. Nedes, by Richarde Earle of Clare, his Father. VValter, his sonne succeeded him, hee tooke to⎜wife Matilde de Becham, and after her decease Matilde de Lucy, on whome he begat Robarte and other, hee deceased in the yeare 1198. and was buried at Dunmow after whome succeeded Robart Fitzwater a valiant knight.
ry the second, writing of these castles, hath to this effect. Two Castles (saith hee, are built with walles and rampires, wher
of one, is in right of succession, Baynardes: the other the Ba
rons of Mountfitchet: the first of these castles bankying on the riuer Thames, was called Baynardes Castle, of Baynarde, a noble man that came in with the Conqueror, and then builded it and deceased in the yeare of the raigne of William Rufus 33 after whose decease Geffery Baynarde succeeded, and then William Baynarde, in the yeare 1111. who by forfeyture for felony, lost his Barony, of little Dunmow and king Henry gaue if wholy to Robart Fitz Richard the Sonne of Gilbarte Earle of Clare, and to his heires together with the honor of Baynardes castell. This Robart married Maude de Sent Licio, Lady of Bradham and deceased 1134. was buried at S. Nedes, by Richarde Earle of Clare, his Father. VValter, his sonne succeeded him, hee tooke to⎜wife Matilde de Becham, and after her decease Matilde de Lucy, on whome he begat Robarte and other, hee deceased in the yeare 1198. and was buried at Dunmow after whome succeeded Robart Fitzwater a valiant knight.
Aboute the yeare 1213. there arose a greate discorde be
twixt king Iohn, and his Barons, because of Matilde,
ther woulde consent thereunto, whereupon (and for other like cau
ses) ensued warre throughout the whole Realme. The Barons were receiued into London, where they greatly indamaged the king, but in the end the king did not onely, (therefore) bannish the said Fitzwater
sed his Castle called Baynarde, and other his houses to be spoiled, which thing being done Matilde, the fayre, a Messenger being sent vnto her,
twixt king Iohn, and his Barons, because of Matilde,
Liber Dunmow34.
surnamed
48
Towers and Castels.
med the fayre daughter, to the sayde
Roberte Fitzwater, whome the king vnlawfully loued, but could not
obtayne her, nor her father woulde consent thereunto, whereupon (and for other like cau
ses) ensued warre throughout the whole Realme. The Barons were receiued into London, where they greatly indamaged the king, but in the end the king did not onely, (therefore) bannish the said Fitzwater
Robert Fitzwa
ter banished.
(amongst other), out of the Realme: but also cauter banished.
sed his Castle called Baynarde, and other his houses to be spoiled, which thing being done Matilde, the fayre, a Messenger being sent vnto her,
Virginity de
fended with the losse of worldly goods and life of the bodie, for life of the soule
aboute the kinges suite, whereunto shee
would not consent, was poisoned. Robert Fitzwater, and some other being
then passed into France, and some other into Scotland.
&c.
fended with the losse of worldly goods and life of the bodie, for life of the soule
It happened in the yere 1214. king Iohn being then in
France with a greate Armie, that a truce was taken beewixt the two
kinges of England and France, for the terme of 5. yeares, and a
riuer or arme of the sea being then betwixt eyther Host. There was a knight in the
English host, that cried to them of the other side, willing some one of their
knightes to come and iust a course or twaine with him, whereupon without stay
Robert Fitzwater being on the French parte, made himselfe
readie, ferried ouer, and got on horsebacke, without any man to helpe him, and
shewed himselfe ready to the face of his challenger, whome at the first course, he
stroake so harde with his greate Speare, that horse and man fell to the grounde,
and when his speare was broken, hee went backe againe to the king of
France, which when the king
King
Iohns oath.
had seene, by Gods tooth (quoth hee) after his vsuall oath,
hee were a king indeede, that had such a knight: the frendes of Robert
hearing these words, kneeled downe and saide: O King hee is your knight: it is
Robert Fitzwater,
Robert Fitz
water restored to the kings fauour.
and thereupon the next day he was sent for, and restored to the
kinges fauour: by which meanes peace was concluded, and he receiued his liuinges,
and had licence to repayre his Castle of Baynarde
water restored to the kings fauour.
Baynardes castle againe builded.
and
other Castles.
This Robert deceased in the yeare 1234. and was buried at
Dunmow, and VValter his sonne that succeeded him 1258.
his Barony of Baynarde, was in the warde of king Henry in the
nonage of Robert Fitzwater. This Robert tooke to his second wife
Alienor, daughter to the Earle of Ferrars, in the
bert Fitzwater, &c. More of the Lord Fitzwaters may ye read in my summary and Annales in the 51. of Edward the 3.. But now how this honor of Baynardes Castle with the appurtenances fell from the possession of the Lords Fitzwaters, I haue not read, onely I finde that Humphrey Duke of Glocester,
warde the fourth being dead, and leauing his eldest sonne Edward and his second sonne Richarde, both infantes: there Richarde Duke of Glocester, then Protector, practised for the Crowne, and as it were by election of the Commons, made in the Guild hall of London, tooke vpon him there the title of the Realme, as offered and imposed vpon him: as yee may reade set downe and penned, by Sir Thomas Moore. King Henry the 7. aboute the yeare 1501. the 3. of his raigne,35 repayred or rather new builded this house not so imbattelled, or so strongly fortified castlelike, but far more beutifull and commodious, for the entertainment of any Prince or greate estate. In the 7. of his raigne hee with his Queene were lodged there, and came from thence to Paules, where they made their offering: dined in the Bishops Palace, and so returned. The eighttenth of his raigne hee was lodged there and the Ambassadors from the king of Romaines were thi
ther bronght37 to his presence, and from thence the King came to Pawles and was ther sworne vnto the king of Romaines, as the king had sworne vnto him. This Castle now belongeth to the Earle of Pembrooke. The next Tower, or Castle bankyng also on the Riuer of Thames, was, as is afore shewed, called Mountfiquites Castle, of a noble man, Baron of Mountfitchet the first builder thereof who came in with VVilliam the Con
queror and was surnamed Le Sir Mountfiquit. This Castle hee
nished the Realme into France, when peraduenture king Iohn caused his Castle of Montfiquit, amongst other Castles of the Barons to bee ouerthrowne: the which after his returne, might be by him againe reedified, for the totall destruction thereof was aboute the yeare 1276. when Robert Kiliwarble, Arch
bishop of Canterbury beganne the foundation of the house of the Friars Preachers church there, commonly called the Black Friers as appeareth by a Charter, the 10. of Iune, the 4, of Edwarde the 1. remayning of Recorde in the Tower, wherein is declared that Gregory de Rocksley Maior of London, and the Barons
yeare,
49
Towers and Castels.
yeare, 1289. And in the yeare
1303. before Iohn Blund Maior of London, hee
acknowledged his seruice to the same Citie for his Castle Baynarde, hee
deceased in the yere 1305. and leauing issue Walter
FitzRobert, who had issue Robert Fitzwater
who deceased in the yere 1325.
vnto whom succeeded Robert Fitz Robert Fitzwater, &c. More of the Lord Fitzwaters may ye read in my summary and Annales in the 51. of Edward the 3.. But now how this honor of Baynardes Castle with the appurtenances fell from the possession of the Lords Fitzwaters, I haue not read, onely I finde that Humphrey Duke of Glocester,
Humphrey Duke of Glo
cester new budded Bay
nardes Castle. Richard Duke of Yorke, ho
nor of Bay
nardes Castle. Richarde of Glocester in Baynardes Ca
stle tooke on him the Crowne.
builded it of new, by whose death in the yeare of
Christ, 1446. it came to the hands of king Henry the
sixt, and from him to Richarde Duke of Yorke, of whome we reade,
that in the yeare 1457 hee lodged there, as in his own house: and
true it is, that his sonne king Edcester new budded Bay
nardes Castle. Richard Duke of Yorke, ho
nor of Bay
nardes Castle. Richarde of Glocester in Baynardes Ca
stle tooke on him the Crowne.
warde the fourth being dead, and leauing his eldest sonne Edward and his second sonne Richarde, both infantes: there Richarde Duke of Glocester, then Protector, practised for the Crowne, and as it were by election of the Commons, made in the Guild hall of London, tooke vpon him there the title of the Realme, as offered and imposed vpon him: as yee may reade set downe and penned, by Sir Thomas Moore. King Henry the 7. aboute the yeare 1501. the 3. of his raigne,35 repayred or rather new builded this house not so imbattelled, or so strongly fortified castlelike, but far more beutifull and commodious, for the entertainment of any Prince or greate estate. In the 7. of his raigne hee with his Queene were lodged there, and came from thence to Paules, where they made their offering: dined in the Bishops Palace, and so returned. The eighttenth of his raigne hee was lodged there and the Ambassadors from the king of Romaines were thi
ther bronght37 to his presence, and from thence the King came to Pawles and was ther sworne vnto the king of Romaines, as the king had sworne vnto him. This Castle now belongeth to the Earle of Pembrooke. The next Tower, or Castle bankyng also on the Riuer of Thames, was, as is afore shewed, called Mountfiquites Castle, of a noble man, Baron of Mountfitchet the first builder thereof who came in with VVilliam the Con
queror and was surnamed Le Sir Mountfiquit. This Castle hee
builded
E
50
Towers and Castels.
builded in a place not far distant from
Baynardes, towardes the West. The same William Mountfiquit
liued in the Raigne of Henry
the 1. and was witnes to a Charter, then granted to the citie for the
Shiriffes of London. Richard Montfiquit liued in king Iohns
time: and in the yere 1213. was by the same king banished the Realme into France, when peraduenture king Iohn caused his Castle of Montfiquit, amongst other Castles of the Barons to bee ouerthrowne: the which after his returne, might be by him againe reedified, for the totall destruction thereof was aboute the yeare 1276. when Robert Kiliwarble, Arch
bishop of Canterbury beganne the foundation of the house of the Friars Preachers church there, commonly called the Black Friers as appeareth by a Charter, the 10. of Iune, the 4, of Edwarde the 1. remayning of Recorde in the Tower, wherein is declared that Gregory de Rocksley Maior of London, and the Barons
Barons of
London.
of the same Citie granted, and gaue vnto the saide Archbishoppe
Robert two lanes or waies next the streete of Baynardes
castle and the Tower of Montfiquit, to be applied for the
enlargement of the saide Church and place.
A third Tower there was also situate on the riuer of Thames
mandement of Edwarde the 1. and of Edwarde the 2. as appea
reth by their grantes: which Tower was then finished and so stoode for the space of 300. yeares, and was at the last taken downe by the commandement of Iohn Sha Maior of London in the yeare 1502.
Tower in the Thames.
neare vnto the saide
Blacke Friers Church, on the west parte thereof, builded at the
Citizens charges, but by licence and commandement of Edwarde the 1. and of Edwarde the 2. as appea
reth by their grantes: which Tower was then finished and so stoode for the space of 300. yeares, and was at the last taken downe by the commandement of Iohn Sha Maior of London in the yeare 1502.
An other Tower or Castle
also was there in the west parte of the Citie, perteyning to the
king: For I reade that in the yere 1087. the 20. of VVilliam
the first
38, the Citie of London with the Church of S.
Paule. being burned, Mauritius then Bishop of London
afterwarde began the foundation of a new Church, whereunto king VVilliam
(saith mine Author) gaue the choice stones of this Castle standing neare to the
banke of the riuer of Thames, at the west ende of the Citie. After this
Mauritius, Ri
charde his successor, purchased the streetes aboue Paules church compassing the same with a wall of stone, and gates.
full to make the said wall of the Churchyarde, and so much more as should suffice to make a way without the wal on the North side &c. This Tower (or Castle) thus destroyed stoode as it may seeme, in place where now standeth the house called Bridewel. For not
withstanding the destruction of the saide Castle or Tower, the house remayned large, so that the kings of this Realme long after were lodged there, and kept their Courtes: for in the 9. yeare of Henry the thirde the Courte of law and iustice, were kept in the kinges house, wheresoeuer he was lodged, and not else where. And that the kings haue beene lodged and kept their Law courtes in this place, I could shew you many authorities of Recorde, but for plaine proofe this one may suffice. Hæc est finalis concordia, faƈta in Curia Domini regis apud Sanƈt. Brigid. London a die Sanƈti Michelis in 15. dies, Anno regni regis Iohannis 7. co
rā G. Fil. Petri. Eustacio de Faucōberg, Iohanne de Gestlinge Osbart filio Heruey, VValter, de Crisping, Iusticiar. & aliis Baronibus Domini regis . More (as Mathew Paris hath) about the yeare 1210. king Iohn in the 12. of his raigne summoned a Parliament at S. Brides in London, where hee exacted of the Clergie and religious persons the summe of 100000. poundes, & besides all this, the white Monkes were compelled to cancell their Priuiledges, and to pay 40000. poundes to the king, &c. This house of S. Brides of latter time being left, and not vsed by the kinges: fell to ruine, insomuch that the verie platforme thereof remayned for greate parte wast, and as it were, but a laystall of filth and rubbish: onely a fayre well remained there: a greate part whereof, namely on the west, (as hath beene said) was giuen to the Bishop of Salisbnry 41, the other parte towardes the East re
mayning wast, vntill that king Henry the 8. builded a stately and beutifull house thereupon, giuing it to name Bridewell,
tertainement of the Emperor Charles the 5. who in the yeare, 1522. came into this Citie, as I haue shewed in my summary annales, and large chronicles.
charde his successor, purchased the streetes aboue Paules church compassing the same with a wall of stone, and gates.
V39
ita
Arkenwald
King Hen51
Towers and Castels.
ry the first gaue to this
Richarde so much of the Moate (or wall) of the Castle, on the
Thames side to the south, as shoulde be néedfull to make the said wall of the Churchyarde, and so much more as should suffice to make a way without the wal on the North side &c. This Tower (or Castle) thus destroyed stoode as it may seeme, in place where now standeth the house called Bridewel. For not
withstanding the destruction of the saide Castle or Tower, the house remayned large, so that the kings of this Realme long after were lodged there, and kept their Courtes: for in the 9. yeare of Henry the thirde the Courte of law and iustice, were kept in the kinges house, wheresoeuer he was lodged, and not else where. And that the kings haue beene lodged and kept their Law courtes in this place, I could shew you many authorities of Recorde, but for plaine proofe this one may suffice. Hæc est finalis concordia, faƈta in Curia Domini regis apud Sanƈt. Brigid. London a die Sanƈti Michelis in 15. dies, Anno regni regis Iohannis 7. co
rā G. Fil. Petri. Eustacio de Faucōberg, Iohanne de Gestlinge Osbart filio Heruey, VValter, de Crisping, Iusticiar. & aliis Baronibus Domini regis . More (as Mathew Paris hath) about the yeare 1210. king Iohn in the 12. of his raigne summoned a Parliament at S. Brides in London, where hee exacted of the Clergie and religious persons the summe of 100000. poundes, & besides all this, the white Monkes were compelled to cancell their Priuiledges, and to pay 40000. poundes to the king, &c. This house of S. Brides of latter time being left, and not vsed by the kinges: fell to ruine, insomuch that the verie platforme thereof remayned for greate parte wast, and as it were, but a laystall of filth and rubbish: onely a fayre well remained there: a greate part whereof, namely on the west, (as hath beene said) was giuen to the Bishop of Salisbnry 41, the other parte towardes the East re
mayning wast, vntill that king Henry the 8. builded a stately and beutifull house thereupon, giuing it to name Bridewell,
Bridewell builded by Henry the 8.
of the parish and well there: this
house he purposely builded for the entertainement of the Emperor Charles the 5. who in the yeare, 1522. came into this Citie, as I haue shewed in my summary annales, and large chronicles.
On the northwest side of this Citie, neare vnto Redcrosse
kenning,
sterete
E2
52
Towers and Castels.
streete there was a Tower commonlie called Barbican, or
Burhkenning,
Barbican or Burhkenning.
for that the same being placed on a high
ground, and also builded of some good height, was in the olde time vsed as a
Watch Tower, for the Citie, from whence a man might behold and view
the whole Citie towards the South, as also sée into Kent, Sussex, and
Surrey, and likewise euery other way east, north, or west.
Some other Burhkennings or (Watch Towers) there were of olde time in and
aboute the citie, all which were repayred, yea and others new builded, by
Gilbart de Clare earle of Glocester, in the raigne of king
Henry, the third, when the Barons were in Armes, and held
the citie against the ki42ng: but the Barons being
reconciled to his fauour in the yeare 1267. hee caused all
their Burhkenninges, watch towers, and Bulwarkes made and re
pared by the said Earle, to be plucked downe, and the ditches to be filled vp:so that nought of them might be séene to remaine: and then was this Burhkenning amongst the rest ouerthrowne and destroyed: and although the ditch neare thereunto, called Hounds ditch was stopped vp, yet the streete of long time after was called Houndes ditch, and of late time more commonly called Barbican. The plot or seate of this Burhkenning or watch tower, king Ed
warde the thirde in the yeare 1336. and the 10. of his raigne, gaue vnto Robert Efforde Earle of Suffolke, by the name of his Mannor of Base courte, in the parish of S. Giles without Cripple gate of London, commonly called the Barbican.
pared by the said Earle, to be plucked downe, and the ditches to be filled vp:so that nought of them might be séene to remaine: and then was this Burhkenning amongst the rest ouerthrowne and destroyed: and although the ditch neare thereunto, called Hounds ditch was stopped vp, yet the streete of long time after was called Houndes ditch, and of late time more commonly called Barbican. The plot or seate of this Burhkenning or watch tower, king Ed
warde the thirde in the yeare 1336. and the 10. of his raigne, gaue vnto Robert Efforde Earle of Suffolke, by the name of his Mannor of Base courte, in the parish of S. Giles without Cripple gate of London, commonly called the Barbican.
Tower Royall was of old time
the kinges house, but sithence called the Queenes Wardrobe: the Princesse, mother
to King Richard the 2. in
the 4. of his raigne was lodged there being for
ced to flie from the tower of London, when the Rebels possessed it: But on the 15. of Iune (saith Frosarde) VVat Tylar being slaine, the king went to this Lady Princesse his mother, then lod
ged in the Tower Royall, called the Queenes Wardrobe, where she had tarried 2. dayes and 2. nightes: which Tower (sayeth the Recorde of Edwarde the 3. the 36. yeare) was in the Parish of S. Michaell de Pater noster, &c. In the yeare 1386. king Richarde with Queene Anne his wife, kept their Christmas at Eltham, whether came to him Lion king of Ermony vnder pretence to reforme Peace, betwixt thekinges of Englande and
drobe,
ced to flie from the tower of London, when the Rebels possessed it: But on the 15. of Iune (saith Frosarde) VVat Tylar being slaine, the king went to this Lady Princesse his mother, then lod
ged in the Tower Royall, called the Queenes Wardrobe, where she had tarried 2. dayes and 2. nightes: which Tower (sayeth the Recorde of Edwarde the 3. the 36. yeare) was in the Parish of S. Michaell de Pater noster, &c. In the yeare 1386. king Richarde with Queene Anne his wife, kept their Christmas at Eltham, whether came to him Lion king of Ermony vnder pretence to reforme Peace, betwixt thekinges of Englande and
France
53
Of Schooles and houses of Learning.
France, but what his comming profited he onely vnderstoode: for besides
innumerable giftes, that he receiued of the king, and of the Nobles, the king
lying then in this Royall at the Queenes Wardrobe,
Richarde the 2. lodged in the Tower
Royall.
in London, granted to him a Charter of a thousand
pounds by yeare, during his life. Hee was (as hee affirmed) chased out of his
kingdome by the Tartarians. The rest concerning this Tower shall you
reade when you come to the Vintry warde in which it standeth.
Of Schooles and other houses of Learning.
IN the raigne of king
Stephen, and of Henry the second saith
Fitzstephen, there were in Lon
don, thrée principall Churches: which had fa
mous Schooles,
ent dignitie, or by fauour of some particular per
sons, as of Doctors which were accounted no
table and renowned for knowledge in Philosophie. And there were other inferior Schooles also. Upon Festiuall daies the Maisters made solemne meetinges
sters were thought braue Schollers, when they flowed with wordes: Others vsed Fallaxes: Rethoritians spake aptly to per
swade, obseruing the precepts of arte, and omitting nothing that might serue their purpose: the boies of diuers Schooles
lers in the Citie as had beene accustomed hath much decreased.
don, thrée principall Churches: which had fa
mous Schooles,
Famous Schooles of philosophie by
priuiledge in London.
either by priuiledge and auncient dignitie, or by fauour of some particular per
sons, as of Doctors which were accounted no
table and renowned for knowledge in Philosophie. And there were other inferior Schooles also. Upon Festiuall daies the Maisters made solemne meetinges
Solemne mee
tinges and dis
puting of schollers Logi
cally and De
monstratiuely.
in the Churches, where their Schollers disputed
Logically and demonstratiuely, as he termeth it: some bringing Enthimems, other
perfect Sillogismes, some disputed for shew, others to trace out the truth:
cunning Sophitinges and dis
puting of schollers Logi
cally and De
monstratiuely.
sters were thought braue Schollers, when they flowed with wordes: Others vsed Fallaxes: Rethoritians spake aptly to per
swade, obseruing the precepts of arte, and omitting nothing that might serue their purpose: the boies of diuers Schooles
Grammar schooles and schollers their
exercises.
did cap, or potte verses, and contended of the principles of
Grammar: there were some, which on the other side with Epigrams and Rymes, nipping
and quipping their fellowes, and the faultes of others, though suppressing their
names, moued thereby, much laughter among their Auditors: hitherto out of
Fitzstephen for Schooles and Schollers, and for their exercises in the
Citie, in his dayes, Sithence the which time, as to me it seemeth, by the increase
of Colledges and Studients in the Uniuersities of Oxforde and
Cambridge,
E3
54
Of Schooles and other houses of Learning.
Cambridge, the frequenting of Schooles and exercises of Schollers in the Citie as had beene accustomed hath much decreased.
The three principall Churches, which had these famous Schooles by priuiledges must
needes be at the Cathedrall Church of S. Paule for one, seeing that by a
generall Councell holden in the yeare of Christ, 1.176. at
Rome, in the Patriarchie of Lata
rane, it was decreede that euery Cathedrall Church should haue his Schoolemaister to teach poore Schollers
gulphus (Abbote of Crowland in the raign of William the Con
queror writeth thus:) I Iugulphus an humble seruant of God borne of English parentes, in the most beutifull Citie of London, for to attaine to learning, was first put to VVest
minster and after to study at Oxforde, &c. And writing in praise of Queene Edgitha, wife to Edwarde the Confessor, I haue seene her, saith hee, often when being but a boy, I came to see my father dwelling in the Kinges courte, and of
ten comming from Schoole, when I met her, she would oppose me, touching my learning, and lesson, & falling from Gram
mar to Logicke, wherein she had some knowledge, she would subtilly conclude an argument with mee, and by her hande
maiden giue me 3. or 4. peeces of money, and send me vnto the Palace where I should receiue some victuals, and then be dismissed.
rane, it was decreede that euery Cathedrall Church should haue his Schoolemaister to teach poore Schollers
euery
cathedral Church had his schoole for poore schollers
and others as had
beene accustomed, and that no man shoulde take any reward for licence to teach.
The second as most ancient may seeme to haue been the Monasterie of S.
Peter at VVestminster, whereof Iugulphus (Abbote of Crowland in the raign of William the Con
queror writeth thus:) I Iugulphus an humble seruant of God borne of English parentes, in the most beutifull Citie of London, for to attaine to learning, was first put to VVest
minster and after to study at Oxforde, &c. And writing in praise of Queene Edgitha, wife to Edwarde the Confessor, I haue seene her, saith hee, often when being but a boy, I came to see my father dwelling in the Kinges courte, and of
ten comming from Schoole, when I met her, she would oppose me, touching my learning, and lesson, & falling from Gram
mar to Logicke, wherein she had some knowledge, she would subtilly conclude an argument with mee, and by her hande
maiden giue me 3. or 4. peeces of money, and send me vnto the Palace where I should receiue some victuals, and then be dismissed.
The third Schoole seemeth to haue beene at the Monasterie of S. Sauiour
at Barmondsey in Southwark: for other Priories, as of S.
Iohn by Smithfielde, S. Bartlemew, in
Smithfielde. S. Marie Ouery in Southwarke, and that of the
Holy Trinity by Aldgate, were all of later foundation, and
the Friories, Collea
ges, and Hospitals in this Citie, were raised since them, in the raignes of Henry the 3, Edward the 1. 2. and 3. &c. Al which hou
ses had their Schooles, though not so famous as these first named.
ges, and Hospitals in this Citie, were raised since them, in the raignes of Henry the 3, Edward the 1. 2. and 3. &c. Al which hou
ses had their Schooles, though not so famous as these first named.
But touching Schooles more lately aduanced in this Citie, I reade, that king
Henry the fift hauing suppressed the Priories
ther their schools being broken vp and ceased: king Henry the sixt in the 24. of his raigne, by patent, appointed that there should be in London, Grammar schooles, besides S. Paules, at S. Martins
pon Cornehill, and in the Hospitall of S. Thomas of Acons in west Cheape, since the which time as diuers scholes by suppres
sing of religious houses (whereof they were members) in the raign of Henry the 8. haue been decayed, so again haue some others been newly erected, and founded for them: as namely Paules schoole,
pany: hauing giuen 500.£. toward the purchase of an house, called the Mannar of the Rose, sometime the Duke of Buckinghams, wherin the School is kept. As for the meeting of the Schoolemai
sters, on festiuall daies, at festiuall churches, & the disputing of their Schollers Logically &c. whereof I haue before spoken, the same was long since discontinued: But the arguing of the Schoole boyes aboute 1th principles of Grammar, hath beene conti
nued euen till our time: for I my selfe in my youth haue yearelie
king the place, did like as the first: and in the end the best apposars and answerers had rewards, which I obserued not, but it made both good Schoolemasters, and also good Schollers, diligently a
gainst suchtimes to prepare themselues for the obtayning of this garland. I remember there repayred to these exercises amongst o
thers the Maisters & Schollers of the free Schooles of S. Paules in London: of S. Peters at Westminster: of S. Thomas Acons Hospitall: and of S. Anthonies Hospitall: whereof the last na
med commonly presented the best schollers: and had the prize in those daies.
Priories alliens suppressed.
aliens whereof
some⎮were aboute London, namely one Hospitall,
cal-
55
Of Schooles and other houses of Learning.
called Our
Lady of Rounciuall by Charing Crosse: one other Hospitall in
Oldbourne: one other without Cripplegate: and the fourth
without Aldersgate, besides other that are now worn out of memorie and
whilest there is no monument remayning more then Rounciuall conuerted to
a brotherhoode which continued till the raign of Henry the 8. or Edward the 6. this I
say, and other their schools being broken vp and ceased: king Henry the sixt in the 24. of his raigne, by patent, appointed that there should be in London, Grammar schooles, besides S. Paules, at S. Martins
Henry the sixt appointed Grammar
Schooles.
Le Grand, S. Marie Le Bow, in Cheap, S. Dunstons in the west and S.
Anthonies. And in the next yere to wit, 1394
43. the said king
ordeyned by Parliament that foure other Grammar schools shold be erected, to wit
in the parishes of S. Andrew in Oldborne,
Grammar schools appoin
ted by Parlia
ment.
Alhallowes the greate in Thames streete, S. Peters.
vted by Parlia
ment.
pon Cornehill, and in the Hospitall of S. Thomas of Acons in west Cheape, since the which time as diuers scholes by suppres
sing of religious houses (whereof they were members) in the raign of Henry the 8. haue been decayed, so again haue some others been newly erected, and founded for them: as namely Paules schoole,
Paules schoole new builded.
in place of an old ruined
house was builded in most ample manner, and largely indowed, in the yeare 1512.
by Iohn Collet Doctor of Diuinity Deane of Paules, for 153.
poore mens children: for which there was ordeyned a Maister, Surmaister, or Usher,
and a Chaplen. Againe in the yeare 1553. after the erection
of Christes hospitall
Free schools in Christes Hos
pitall.
in the late dissolued house of the
Gray Friers, a great number of poore children being taken in a Schole
was also ordaned there, at the Citizens charges. Also in the yere 1561.
the Marchant Taylorspitall.
Free schole founded by the
Marchant Taylors.
of London: founded one notable free Grammar
Schoole, in the parish of S. Lawrence Poultney by Candleweeke
streete, Richard Hils late maister of that Company: hauing giuen 500.£. toward the purchase of an house, called the Mannar of the Rose, sometime the Duke of Buckinghams, wherin the School is kept. As for the meeting of the Schoolemai
sters, on festiuall daies, at festiuall churches, & the disputing of their Schollers Logically &c. whereof I haue before spoken, the same was long since discontinued: But the arguing of the Schoole boyes aboute 1th principles of Grammar, hath beene conti
nued euen till our time: for I my selfe in my youth haue yearelie
seene
E4
56
Of Schooles and other houses of Learning.
seene on the Eue
of S. Bartlemew the Apostle, the schollers of diuers Grammar schooles
repaire vnto the Churchyard of S. Bartlemew, the Priorie in
Smithfielde, where vpon a banke boorded aboute vnder a Tree, some one
Scholler hath stepped vp, and there hath appoased and answered, till he were by
some better Scholler ouercome and put down: and then the ouercomer, taking the place, did like as the first: and in the end the best apposars and answerers had rewards, which I obserued not, but it made both good Schoolemasters, and also good Schollers, diligently a
gainst suchtimes to prepare themselues for the obtayning of this garland. I remember there repayred to these exercises amongst o
thers the Maisters & Schollers of the free Schooles of S. Paules in London: of S. Peters at Westminster: of S. Thomas Acons Hospitall: and of S. Anthonies Hospitall: whereof the last na
med commonly presented the best schollers: and had the prize in those daies.
This Priorie of S. Bartlemew, being surrendred to H. the 8.
those disputations of Schollers in that place surceased.
ment fayled, the children mindfull of the former vsage did for a long season disorderly in the open streetes, prouoke one an other with salue tu quoque, placet tibi mecum disputare, placet : and so proceeding from this to questions in Grammar, they vsually fel from that to blowes, many times in so great heapes that they trobled the streets, & passengers, so that finally they wer restrained.
Disputation of Schollers in Christes Hospitall.
And
was again (onely for a yere or twaine) in
the raigne of Edward the 6. reuiued in the Cloystre of
Christes Hospitall, where the best Schollers then stil of S.
Anthonies schoole, howsoeuer the same be now fallen, both in number
and estimation, were rewarded with bowes and arrowes of siluer giuen to them by
Sir Martin Bowes Goldsmith: neuerthelesse howsoeuer the encouragement fayled, the children mindfull of the former vsage did for a long season disorderly in the open streetes, prouoke one an other with salue tu quoque, placet tibi mecum disputare, placet : and so proceeding from this to questions in Grammar, they vsually fel from that to blowes, many times in so great heapes that they trobled the streets, & passengers, so that finally they wer restrained.
Of latter time, in the yeare of Christ, 1582. there was
founded a publike lecture in Chirurgerie to bee reade in the Colledge of
Phisitions,
ble Baron, Iohn Lorde Lombley and the learned Richarde Caldwell Doctor in Phisicke: the Reader whereof to bee Richarde Forster, Doctor of Phisicke during his life. Fur
thematicall lecture to be read in a fayre olde Chappell,
Lecture in Chirurgery
in
Knight-riders streete, and to begin in the yeare 1584. on the 6. of May:
and so to be continued for euer twice in euery weeke, on wednesday and Friday, by
the honorable Baron, Iohn Lorde Lombley and the learned Richarde Caldwell Doctor in Phisicke: the Reader whereof to bee Richarde Forster, Doctor of Phisicke during his life. Fur
ther
57
Of Schooles and other houses of Learning.
thermore about the
same time there was also begunne a Mathematicall lecture to be read in a fayre olde Chappell,
Mathematicall lecture read.
builded by Simon
Eayre, within the Leaden hall: wherof a learned Citizen borne,
named Thomas Hood was the first Reader. But this Chappell and other parts
of that hall being imployed for stowage of goodes taken out of a great Spanish
Caracke, the said Lecturs ceased any more to be read, and was then in the yeare
1588. read in the house of M. Thomas Smith in Grasse stréete,
&c.
Last of all S. Thomas Gresham knight,
Agent to the Quéens Highnesse,
by his last wil and testament made in the yeare 1579. gaue the Royall
Exchaunge, and all the buyldings thereunto ap
pertayning, that is to say, the one moytie to the Mayor and com
munaltie of London and their successors, vpon trust that they per
forme as shalbe declared: and the other moitie to the Mercers in like confidence. The Mayor and communaltie are to find foure to reade Lectures, of Diuinitie, Astronomie, Musicke, and Geo
metrie, within his dwelling house in Bishopsgate stréete, and to bestow the summe of 200,£. to wit 50.£>. the péece &c. The Mercers likewise are to find thrée Readers, that is in Ciuill law, Phisicke, and Rethorick within the same dwelling house, the sum of 150.l. to euery Reader 50.l. &c. Which gift hath béene since that time confirmed by Parliament, to take effect, and beginne after the decease of the Lady Anne Gresham, which happened in the yeare 1596. and so to continue for euer. Whereupon the Lecturers were accordingly chosen and appointed to haue begun their readinges in the moneth of Iune 1597. &c. which also they do at this time performe. Whose names be Anthonie Wootton for Diuinitie, Doctor Mathew Guin for Phisick, Doctor Henry Mountlow for the Ciuill lawe, Doctor Iohn Bull for Musicke, Breerewood for Astronomie, Henry Brigges for Geometrie, and Caleb VVillis for Rethoricke, to the great delight of many both learned and louers of learning. These Lectures are read dayly in the terme times, by euery one vpon his day, in the morning be
twixt 9. and 10. in Latine: in the afternoone betwixt 2: and 3. in English, saue that D. Bull is dispensed with to reade the Musicke Lecture in English onely vpon two seuerall dayes, Thursday and Saterday in the after noones, betwixt 3. and 4. of the clocke.
pertayning, that is to say, the one moytie to the Mayor and com
munaltie of London and their successors, vpon trust that they per
forme as shalbe declared: and the other moitie to the Mercers in like confidence. The Mayor and communaltie are to find foure to reade Lectures, of Diuinitie, Astronomie, Musicke, and Geo
metrie, within his dwelling house in Bishopsgate stréete, and to bestow the summe of 200,£. to wit 50.£>. the péece &c. The Mercers likewise are to find thrée Readers, that is in Ciuill law, Phisicke, and Rethorick within the same dwelling house, the sum of 150.l. to euery Reader 50.l. &c. Which gift hath béene since that time confirmed by Parliament, to take effect, and beginne after the decease of the Lady Anne Gresham, which happened in the yeare 1596. and so to continue for euer. Whereupon the Lecturers were accordingly chosen and appointed to haue begun their readinges in the moneth of Iune 1597. &c. which also they do at this time performe. Whose names be Anthonie Wootton for Diuinitie, Doctor Mathew Guin for Phisick, Doctor Henry Mountlow for the Ciuill lawe, Doctor Iohn Bull for Musicke, Breerewood for Astronomie, Henry Brigges for Geometrie, and Caleb VVillis for Rethoricke, to the great delight of many both learned and louers of learning. These Lectures are read dayly in the terme times, by euery one vpon his day, in the morning be
twixt 9. and 10. in Latine: in the afternoone betwixt 2: and 3. in English, saue that D. Bull is dispensed with to reade the Musicke Lecture in English onely vpon two seuerall dayes, Thursday and Saterday in the after noones, betwixt 3. and 4. of the clocke.
Howses
E5
58
Students of the Common Law.
Houses of students of the Com
mon Lawe.
mon Lawe.
BUt besides all this there is in and about this Citie a whole Uniuersitie
mon stipends (as in other Uniuersities it is for the most part done) but of their own pri
uate maintenance, as being altogether fedde eyther by their places, or practise, or other
wise by their proper reuenew, or exhibition of parents and friends: for that the younger sort are eyther gentlemen, or the sonnes of gentlemen, or of other most wealthie persons.
ties of the Citie, and 5. in the subburbes thereof, to wit:
A vniuersity of students in & about this
Citie.
(as it were) of students, practisers or pleaders and Iudges of
the laws of this realme, not liuing of common stipends (as in other Uniuersities it is for the most part done) but of their own pri
uate maintenance, as being altogether fedde eyther by their places, or practise, or other
wise by their proper reuenew, or exhibition of parents and friends: for that the younger sort are eyther gentlemen, or the sonnes of gentlemen, or of other most wealthie persons.
Houses of stu
dents of the commō lawes and Iudges.
Of these houses, there be at this day 14. in all, whereof 9.
do stand within the liberdents of the commō lawes and Iudges.
ties of the Citie, and 5. in the subburbes thereof, to wit:
Within the liberties. |
|
||||||
Without the liberties. |
|
One
59
Students of the Common Lawes.
One other Inne of Chauncery
sometime there was, called Chesters Inne,
Chesters Inne or strand Inne
for the néerenes to the
Bishop of Chesters house, but more commonly tearmed Strand Inne,
for that it stoode néere to the Strand bridge without temple Barre: the
which and other dwelling houses néere adioyning, were pulled downe in the raigne of king Edward the sixt, by Edward Duke of Sommerset and Protector of the realme, who in place thereof raised that beau
tifull (but yet vnperfect house) called Sommerset house. There was moreouer in the raigne of King Henrie the sixt, a tenth house of Chauncerie, mentioned by Iustice Fortscue in his booke of the Lawes of England, but where it stood or when it was abandoned I cannot finde, and therefore I will leaue it, and returne to the rest.
The houses of Court
dentes, and partly with graduates and practisers of the law: but the Innes of Chauncery being as it were, prouinces, seuerally subiected to the Innes of Court, be chiefly furnished with Officers Atturneyes, Soliciters, and clarkes, that follow the courtes of the Kings Bench, or common place: and yet there want not some other being young students, that come thether sometimes from one of the vniuersities, and sometimes immediatly from Gram
mer schools, and these hauing spent some time in studying vpon the first elements and grounds of the lawe, and hauing performed the exercises of their owne houses (called Boltas Mootes, and putting of cases) they procéed to be admitted, and become students in some of these foure houses or Innes of Court, where continuing by the space of seuen yeares (or thereaboutes) they frequent readinges, méetinges, boltinges, and other learned exercises, whereby grow
ing ripe in the knowledge of the lawes, and approued withall to be of honest conuersation, they are eyther by the generall consent of the Benchers (or Readers) being of the most auncient, graue, and iudiciall men of euery Inne of the Court, or by the special pri
uiledge of the present reader there, selected and called to the degrée of Vtter Barresters, and so enabled to bee common counsellers, & to practise the lawe, both in their chambers and at the Barres.
Houses of Court what they
be.
bee replenished partly with young studentes, and partly with graduates and practisers of the law: but the Innes of Chauncery being as it were, prouinces, seuerally subiected to the Innes of Court, be chiefly furnished with Officers Atturneyes, Soliciters, and clarkes, that follow the courtes of the Kings Bench, or common place: and yet there want not some other being young students, that come thether sometimes from one of the vniuersities, and sometimes immediatly from Gram
mer schools, and these hauing spent some time in studying vpon the first elements and grounds of the lawe, and hauing performed the exercises of their owne houses (called Boltas Mootes, and putting of cases) they procéed to be admitted, and become students in some of these foure houses or Innes of Court, where continuing by the space of seuen yeares (or thereaboutes) they frequent readinges, méetinges, boltinges, and other learned exercises, whereby grow
ing ripe in the knowledge of the lawes, and approued withall to be of honest conuersation, they are eyther by the generall consent of the Benchers (or Readers) being of the most auncient, graue, and iudiciall men of euery Inne of the Court, or by the special pri
uiledge of the present reader there, selected and called to the degrée of Vtter Barresters, and so enabled to bee common counsellers, & to practise the lawe, both in their chambers and at the Barres.
Of these after that they be called to a further steppe of prefer
ment, (called the Bench) there are twaine euery yeare chosen a
ment, (called the Bench) there are twaine euery yeare chosen a
mong
60
Of Orders and Customes.
mong the Benchers, of euery Inne of
Court, to be readers there, who do make their readings at two times in the yeare
also: that is, one in Lent, and the other at the beginning of August.
And for the helpe of young students in euery of the Innes of Chauncery, they do
likewise choose out of euery one Inne of court a Reader (being no Bencher) but an
Vtter Barrester there, of 10 or 12. yeares continuance, and of good
profite in studie. Nowe from these of the said degrée of Councellors (or
Vtter Barrester) hauing continued therein the space of fourtéene or
fiftéene yeares at the least, the chiefest and best learned, are by the benchers
elected to increase the number (as I said) of the Bench amongst them, and so in
their time doe become first single, and then double rea
ders, to the students of those houses of Court: after which last reading they be named Apprentices at the lawe,
ced by the speciall fauour of the Prince, to the estate, dignitie and place, both of Sergeant and Iudge, as it were in one instant. But from thenceforth they hold not any roome in those Innes of court, being translated to one of the said two Innes, called Sergeantes Innes, where none but the Sergeants and Iudges do conuere.
ders, to the students of those houses of Court: after which last reading they be named Apprentices at the lawe,
Apprentizes at the law.
and in default of a
sufficient number of Sargeantes at law, these are (at the pleasure of the prince)
to be aduaunced to the places of Sergeants: out of which number of Sergeants also
the void places of Iudges are likewise ordinarily filled, albeit now and then some
be aduanced by the speciall fauour of the Prince, to the estate, dignitie and place, both of Sergeant and Iudge, as it were in one instant. But from thenceforth they hold not any roome in those Innes of court, being translated to one of the said two Innes, called Sergeantes Innes, where none but the Sergeants and Iudges do conuere.
Of Orders & Customes.
OF Orders and Customes in this Citie of old time Fitz Stephen saith
as followeth: Men of all trades,
uer he desireth, what multitude soeuer eyther of soldiers or straungers doe come to the Citie, whatsoeuer houre day or night according to their pleasures may refresh themselues, & they which delight in delicatenesse may bee satisfied with as delicate dishes there, as may be found els where. And this cookes rowe is very necessarie to the Citie: and (according to Plato in Gorgias) next to Phisicke, is the office of cookes, as part of a Citie.
Men of
all trades in di
stinct places. Wine in ships and wine in Tauernes. Cookes row in Thame
street.
sellers of all sortes of wares,
labourers in euerie worke, euerie morning are in their distinct and seuerall
places: furthermore, in London vppon the riuer side, betweene the wine in shippes,
and the wine to bee solde in Tauernes, is a common cookerie or cookes rowe, there
dayly for the season of the yeare, men might haue meate, rost, sod or fried: fish,
flesh, fowles, fit for rich and poore. If any come sodainely to
stinct places. Wine in ships and wine in Tauernes. Cookes row in Thame
street.
any
61
Of Orders and Customes.
any Cittizen from a farre, wearie
and not willing to tarry till the meate be bought, and dressed, while the seruant
bringeth water for his maysters handes, and fetcheth bread, hee shall haue
immediately from the riuers side, all viandes whatsoeuer he desireth, what multitude soeuer eyther of soldiers or straungers doe come to the Citie, whatsoeuer houre day or night according to their pleasures may refresh themselues, & they which delight in delicatenesse may bee satisfied with as delicate dishes there, as may be found els where. And this cookes rowe is very necessarie to the Citie: and (according to Plato in Gorgias) next to Phisicke, is the office of cookes, as part of a Citie.
Without one of the gates is a plain field,
both in name and deede,
where euery fryday (vnlesse it bee a solemne bidden holy day) is a notable shew of
horses to bee sold, Earles, Bar
rons, Knights, and Citizens repayre thether to see, or to buy: there may you with pleasure see amblers pacing it deli
cately: there may ye see trotters fit for men of armes, sitting more hardly:
cient customes of Rome. This Citie euen as Rome, is diui
ded into Wardes: it hath yearely Shiriffes in steed of Con
ting the Churches, in seruing God, in keeping holy dayes, in giuing almes, in entertayning straungers in solemnizing Mar
riages, in furnishing banquets, celebrating funerals, and bury
ing dead bodies.
rons, Knights, and Citizens repayre thether to see, or to buy: there may you with pleasure see amblers pacing it deli
cately: there may ye see trotters fit for men of armes, sitting more hardly:
Market for horses and o
ther cattell.
ther may you haue notable young horse not yet brokē:
there may you haue strong steeds wel limmed, geldings whom the buyers do
especially regarde for pace, and swiftnes: the boyes which ride these horses,
sometime two, sometime three, doe runne races for wagers, with a desire of praise,
or hope of victorie. In an other part of that field are to be sold all implements
of husbandrie, as also fat swine, milch kine, sheepe and oxen: there stand also
mares and horses, fitte for ploughes and teames with their young coltes by them.
At this citie
ther cattell.
Marchants of all nations tra
ded at this Ci
ty, & had their seuerall Keyes and wharfes.
Marchante strangers of all nations had their keyes and wharfes:
ded at this Ci
ty, & had their seuerall Keyes and wharfes.
The Authors opinion of this Citie, the anti
quitie thereof after some au
thors which he had reade.
the Arabians sent
gold: the Sabians spice and frankensence: the Scithian armour, Babilon oile,
Indian purple garments, Egipt precious stones, Norway and Russia Ambergrese, &
Sables, & the French men wine. According to the truth of Chronicles, this
Citie is ancienter then Rome,
quitie thereof after some au
thors which he had reade.
This Citie de
uided into Wardes more then 400 years since, and also had then both Aldermen and Sheriffes.
built of the
auncient Troians and of Brute, before that was built by Romulus,
and Rhemus: and therefore vseth the aunuided into Wardes more then 400 years since, and also had then both Aldermen and Sheriffes.
cient customes of Rome. This Citie euen as Rome, is diui
ded into Wardes: it hath yearely Shiriffes in steed of Con
sulles
62
Of Orders and Customes.
sulles: it hath the dignitie of
Senators in Aldermen. It hath vnder Officers, Common Sewers, and Conduictes in
streetes, according to the qualitie of causes, in hath generall Courtes: and
assemblies vpon appointed dayes. I doe not thinke that there is any Cittie,
wherein are better customes,
Customes of
London.
in frequenting the Churches, in seruing God, in keeping holy dayes, in giuing almes, in entertayning straungers in solemnizing Mar
riages, in furnishing banquets, celebrating funerals, and bury
ing dead bodies.
The onely plagues of London, is immoderate quassing a
mong the foolish sort, and often casualties by fire.
mong the foolish sort, and often casualties by fire.
Casualtie of fires when houses were couered with
thatch.
Most part of the Bishops, Abbots, and great Lordes of the land
haue houses there, whereunto they resort, and bestow much when they are called to
Parliament by the king, or to counsell by their Metropolitane, or otherwise by
their priuate businesse.
Thus far Fitzstephen of the estate of these things in his time, whereunto
may be added the present, by conference whereof, the alteration will easily
appeare.
Men of trades and sellers of wares in this City haue often times since chaunged
their places, as they haue found their best aduan
tage. For whereas Mercers and Haberdashers vsed to kéepe their shoppes in West Cheape, of later time they held them on London Bridg, where partly they yet remayne. The Gold
smithes of Gutherons lane, and old Exchaunge, are now for the most part remoued into the South side of west Cheap: the Pepe
rers and Grocers of Sopers lane, are now in Buckles berrie, & other places: the Drapers of Lombardstréete and of Cornehill, are seated in Candlewickstréete and Watheling streete: the Skinners from S. Mary Pellipers, or at the Axe, into Budgerow and Walbrooke: The Stockefishmongers in Thames stréete: wette Fishmongers in Knightriders stréete, and Bridge stréete: The Ironmongers of Ironmongers lane, and old Iury, in
to Thames stréete: the Uinteners from the Uinetrée into di
uers places. But the Brewers for the more parte remaine néere to the friendly water of Thames: the Butchers in East
cheape, and S. Nicholas Shambles: the Hosyers of olde time in Hosyer lane, neare vnto Smithfield, are since remoued into Cord
streete and S. Nicholas Shambles: Bowyars, from Bowyer
rowe by Ludgate, into diuers places, and almost worne out with the Fletchers: Pater noster Beade makers and Text Wri
ters are gone out of Pater Noster Rowe into Stationers of Paules Church yard: Patten makers of S. Margaret Pat
tens lane, cleane worne out: Laborers euery worke daye are to bee found in Cheape about Sopars lane ende, horse coursers and Sellars of Oxen, Sheepe, Swine, and such like, remaine in their olde market of Smithfilde &c.
tage. For whereas Mercers and Haberdashers vsed to kéepe their shoppes in West Cheape, of later time they held them on London Bridg, where partly they yet remayne. The Gold
smithes of Gutherons lane, and old Exchaunge, are now for the most part remoued into the South side of west Cheap: the Pepe
rers and Grocers of Sopers lane, are now in Buckles berrie, & other places: the Drapers of Lombardstréete and of Cornehill, are seated in Candlewickstréete and Watheling streete: the Skinners from S. Mary Pellipers, or at the Axe, into Budgerow and Walbrooke: The Stockefishmongers in Thames stréete: wette Fishmongers in Knightriders stréete, and Bridge stréete: The Ironmongers of Ironmongers lane, and old Iury, in
to Thames stréete: the Uinteners from the Uinetrée into di
uers places. But the Brewers for the more parte remaine néere to the friendly water of Thames: the Butchers in East
cheape, and S. Nicholas Shambles: the Hosyers of olde time in Hosyer lane, neare vnto Smithfield, are since remoued into Cord
wayner
63
Of Orders and Customes.
wayner stréete, the vpper part
thereof by Bow Church, and last of all into Birchouerislane by Cornehill: the
Shoomakers and Curryars of Cordwaynerstreete, remoued the one to S.
Martins Le Graund, the other to London wall neare vnto Moregate, the
Founders remayne by them selues in Lothebery: Cokes, or Pastelars for
the more part in Thames street, the other dispersed into diuers parts.
Powlters of late remoued out of the Powltry betwixt the
Stockes and great Conduite in Cheape into Grassestreete and S. Nicholas Shambles: Bowyars, from Bowyer
rowe by Ludgate, into diuers places, and almost worne out with the Fletchers: Pater noster Beade makers and Text Wri
ters are gone out of Pater Noster Rowe into Stationers of Paules Church yard: Patten makers of S. Margaret Pat
tens lane, cleane worne out: Laborers euery worke daye are to bee found in Cheape about Sopars lane ende, horse coursers and Sellars of Oxen, Sheepe, Swine, and such like, remaine in their olde market of Smithfilde &c.
That Marchants of all Nations had their Keyes and wharfes at this City
whereunto they brought their Marchandises before, and in the raigne, of
Henry the second mine author wrote of his owne knowledge to
be true, though for the antiquitie of the citie, he tooke the common opinion. Also
that this citie was in his time and afore deuided into wards, had yearly Sherifs,
Aldermen, ge
neral courts, and assemblies, & such like notes by him set down, in commendation of the cittizens (whereof there is no question) hee wrote likewise of his owne experience, as being borne & brought vp amongst them.
neral courts, and assemblies, & such like notes by him set down, in commendation of the cittizens (whereof there is no question) hee wrote likewise of his owne experience, as being borne & brought vp amongst them.
And concerning Marchandises then thither transported (wher
of happily may bee some argument) Thomas Clifforde (before Fitz Stephens time) writing of Edward the Confessor, saith to this effect: King Edward intending to make his Sepulcher at Westminster, for that it was neere to the famous citie of Lon
don and the Riuer of Thames, that brought in all kinde of Mar
chandises, from all parts of the world &c. And William of Malms
berie, that liued in the raygne of William the first and seconde, Henry the first, and king Stephen , calleth this a noble Citie, full of wealthie cittizens, frequented with the trade of Marchandises
drew Bokerell being Mayor, by assent of the principall Citizens, the Marchants of Amiens, Nele and Corby, purchased letters insealed with the common seale of the Cittie, that they when they come, might harborow their woades, and therefore should giue the Mayor euery yeare 50. markes starling: and the same yeare they gaue 100.£. towards the conueying of water from Tyborne to this Citie. Also the Marchants of Normandie made fine for licence to harbor their woads, till it was otherwise prouided. In the yeare 1263. Thomas Fitz Thomas, being Mayor, &c. which proueth that then (as afore) they were here, amongst other nati
ons priuiledged.
of happily may bee some argument) Thomas Clifforde (before Fitz Stephens time) writing of Edward the Confessor, saith to this effect: King Edward intending to make his Sepulcher at Westminster, for that it was neere to the famous citie of Lon
don and the Riuer of Thames, that brought in all kinde of Mar
chandises, from all parts of the world &c. And William of Malms
berie, that liued in the raygne of William the first and seconde, Henry the first, and king Stephen , calleth this a noble Citie, full of wealthie cittizens, frequented with the trade of Marchandises
from
64
Of Orders and Customes.
from all parts of the world. Also I
reade in diuers records that of olde time no woade was stowed or harbored in this
Citty but all was presently solde in the ships, except by licence purchased of the
Sheriffes, till of more latter time, to wit, in the yeare 1236. Andrew Bokerell being Mayor, by assent of the principall Citizens, the Marchants of Amiens, Nele and Corby, purchased letters insealed with the common seale of the Cittie, that they when they come, might harborow their woades, and therefore should giue the Mayor euery yeare 50. markes starling: and the same yeare they gaue 100.£. towards the conueying of water from Tyborne to this Citie. Also the Marchants of Normandie made fine for licence to harbor their woads, till it was otherwise prouided. In the yeare 1263. Thomas Fitz Thomas, being Mayor, &c. which proueth that then (as afore) they were here, amongst other nati
ons priuiledged.
It followeth in Fitz Stephen, that the plagues of London in that time were
immoderate quaffing among fooles, and of
ten casualties by fire. For the first, to wit of quaffing, it conti
nueth as afore, though greatly qualified among the poorer sort not of any holy abstinencie, but of méer necessitie, Ale and Béere being small, and wines in price aboue their reach. As for preuention of casualties by fire (the houses in this citie being then builded all of timber and couered with thatch of straw or réed) it was long since, thought good policie in our forefathers, wisely to prouide, namely in the yeare of Christ 1189.
ments on the high wayes, lanes, and common grounds, in and a
bout this citie, wherof a learned & graue citizen hath lately written & exhibited a booke (as I heare) to the Mayor and communaltie.
ten casualties by fire. For the first, to wit of quaffing, it conti
nueth as afore, though greatly qualified among the poorer sort not of any holy abstinencie, but of méer necessitie, Ale and Béere being small, and wines in price aboue their reach. As for preuention of casualties by fire (the houses in this citie being then builded all of timber and couered with thatch of straw or réed) it was long since, thought good policie in our forefathers, wisely to prouide, namely in the yeare of Christ 1189.
Li. Constitu
tions
the first of Richard
the first,
tions
Li. Horne.
Henry Fitzalwine being then Mayor,
Li. Clarken
well.
that
all men in this cittie shoulde build their houses of stone vp to a certaine
height, and to couer them with slate, bricke or tyle: since the which time (thanks
be giuen to God) there hath not happened the like, often consuming and
deuouring44 fiers in this cittie as afore. But now in our time in steade
of these inormities: others are come in place no lesse meet to be reformed: and
first, and namely, Purprestures,
well.
Purpresture in
and about this citie. W. Patten. Carres and Drayes not well gouerned
in this Citie, daungerons 45.
or incrochments on the high wayes, lanes, and common grounds, in and a
bout this citie, wherof a learned & graue citizen hath lately written & exhibited a booke (as I heare) to the Mayor and communaltie.
Then the number of Carres, Drayes, and Coatches, more then hath beene accustomed,
the streetes and lanes being strength
bert Knowles, the Mayor of London, Sir Auberie de Vere, that bare the Kinges sword, with other Knightes and Esquires attending on horsebacke. But in the yeare next following the said King Richard tooke to wife Anne daughter to the King of Bo
heme, that first brought hither the riding vpon side saddles,
ther distinction of time, nor difference of persons obserued.
ned
65
Of Orders and Customes.
ned, must needes be daungerous, as
dayly experience proueth. I know that by the good lawes and customes of this
cittie, shodde cartes are forbidden to enter, except vpon reasonable causes, (as
seruice of the Prince, or such like) they be tollerated. Also that the forehorse
of euery cariage should bee lead by hande: but these good orders are not obserued.
Of old time coatches were not knowne in this Island, but chariots, or Whirlicotes,
and they onely vsed of Princes or great estates, such as had their footmen about
them: I reade that Rychard the second being threatened by the rebelles of
Kent, rode from the Tower of London to the Myles end,
L.S. Mary Aborum.
and with him his mother in a Wherlicote,
Riding in Wherlicotes.
the Earls of Buckingham, Kent,
Warwicke, and Oxford, Sir Thomas Perie, Sir Robert Knowles, the Mayor of London, Sir Auberie de Vere, that bare the Kinges sword, with other Knightes and Esquires attending on horsebacke. But in the yeare next following the said King Richard tooke to wife Anne daughter to the King of Bo
heme, that first brought hither the riding vpon side saddles,
Riding in side saddles, that were wont to ride a stride. Riding in
Coaches.
and so was the riding in Wherlicoates and chariots forsaken,
except at coronations and such like spectacles: but now of late yeares the vse of
coatches is taken vp, and made so common, as there is neyther distinction of time, nor difference of persons obserued.
Last of all mine Author in this Chapter hath these words: Most part of the
Bishops,
Abbots, and great Lordes of the land, as if they were Citizens & free men
of London, had many fayre houses to resort vnto, and many rich and wealthy
gentlemen spent their money there. And in an other place hee hath these
words: Euery Sonday in Lent a fresh company of young men comes into the fields
on horsebacke, and the best horsemen conducteth the rest: then martch forth the
Citizens sonnes, and other young men with disarmed launces and shieldes, &
practise feates of warre: many Courtiers likewise and atten
dants of noble men repaire to this exercise, & whilst the hope of victorie doth enflame their mindes, they doe shewe good proofe how seruiceable they would be in martial affaires &c. Againe he saith: This Citie in the troublesome time of King Stephen shewed at a muster 20000. armed horsemen, and 40000. footemen, seruiceable for the warres. &c. All which
gether in good amitie, euery man obseruing the customes and or
der of the Citie, and chose to be contributarie to charges here, ra
ther then in any part of the land wheresoeuer: This cittie being the hart of the Realme, the Kinges chamber, and Princes seate whereunto they made repayre, and shewed their forces, both of horses and of men, which caused in troublesome time (as of king Stephen) the Musters of this Citie to be so great in number.
dants of noble men repaire to this exercise, & whilst the hope of victorie doth enflame their mindes, they doe shewe good proofe how seruiceable they would be in martial affaires &c. Againe he saith: This Citie in the troublesome time of King Stephen shewed at a muster 20000. armed horsemen, and 40000. footemen, seruiceable for the warres. &c. All which
sayings
F
66
Of Orders and Customes.
sayinges of the said Author well
considered, do plainely proue, that in those dayes, the inhabitantes &
repayrers to this Citie of what estate soeuer, spirituall or temporall, hauing
houses here, liued together in good amitie, euery man obseruing the customes and or
der of the Citie, and chose to be contributarie to charges here, ra
ther then in any part of the land wheresoeuer: This cittie being the hart of the Realme, the Kinges chamber, and Princes seate whereunto they made repayre, and shewed their forces, both of horses and of men, which caused in troublesome time (as of king Stephen) the Musters of this Citie to be so great in number.
The causes of great shewes and
musters in this citie of old time, more then of late.
And here to touch somewhat of the great families and housholds kept in former
times I reade that in
the 36. of Henry the sixt, the great estates being called vp to
London, the Earle of Salesbury came with 500. men on
horsebacke, and was lodged in the Her
ber: Richard Duke of Yorke with 400. men lodged at Bay
nards Castle: the Dukes of Excester, and Sommerset with 800. men. The Earle of Northumberland, the Lord Egre
monte, and the Lord Clifford with 1500. men. Richard Ne
uell Earle
brodered with ragged staues before and behind, and was lodged in VVarwicke lane: in whose house there was oftentimes sixe Oxen eaten at a breakefast, and euery Tauerne was full of his meat, for he that had any acquaintance in that house, might haue there so much of sodden and roste meate, as hee coulde pricke and carry vpon a long dagger. Nicholas VVest Bishoppe of Ely
dred seruants giuing to the one half of them 53. s̃. foure pence the peece yearely: to the other halfe each 40. s̃. the péece: to euery one for his winter gowne, foure yardes of broad cloth, and for his sommer coate three yardes and a halfe: hee dayly gaue at his gates besides bread and drinke, warme meat to two hundred poore people. The house kéeping of Edward late Earle of Darby is not to be forgotten who had 220. men in Checke Rolle: his fée
ding aged persons, twice euery day sixtie and odde, besides all com
mers thrice a weeke, and euery good Fryday 2700. with meate drinke and money.
ber: Richard Duke of Yorke with 400. men lodged at Bay
nards Castle: the Dukes of Excester, and Sommerset with 800. men. The Earle of Northumberland, the Lord Egre
monte, and the Lord Clifford with 1500. men. Richard Ne
uell Earle
Neuill Earle of Warwicke. R. Fabian manuscript.
of Warwicke with 600. men, all in redde iackets, imbrodered with ragged staues before and behind, and was lodged in VVarwicke lane: in whose house there was oftentimes sixe Oxen eaten at a breakefast, and euery Tauerne was full of his meat, for he that had any acquaintance in that house, might haue there so much of sodden and roste meate, as hee coulde pricke and carry vpon a long dagger. Nicholas VVest Bishoppe of Ely
Liber Ely. West Bish. of Ely.
in the yeare 1532.
kept continually in his house, an hundred seruants giuing to the one half of them 53. s̃. foure pence the peece yearely: to the other halfe each 40. s̃. the péece: to euery one for his winter gowne, foure yardes of broad cloth, and for his sommer coate three yardes and a halfe: hee dayly gaue at his gates besides bread and drinke, warme meat to two hundred poore people. The house kéeping of Edward late Earle of Darby is not to be forgotten who had 220. men in Checke Rolle: his fée
ding aged persons, twice euery day sixtie and odde, besides all com
mers thrice a weeke, and euery good Fryday 2700. with meate drinke and money.
Thomas Audley
Lord Chauncelor, his family of
gentlemen,
tlemen garded with Ueluet, and the yeomens with the same cloth.
before
67
Of Orders and Customes.
before him in coates garded with
Ueluet, and chaines of Golde: his yeomen after him in the same liuery not garded.
VVilliam Powlet Lord great mayster, Marquis of Winchester,
kept the like number of Gentlemen and yeomen in a liuery of Reding Tawney.
Thomas Lord Cromwell Earle of Essex kept the like or
greater number in a liuerie of gray marble, &c. the gentlemen garded with Ueluet, and the yeomens with the same cloth.
These, as all other of those times gaue great reliefe to the poore, and I haue oft
séene at that Lorde Cromwels gate, more then two hundred persons serued
twice euery day with breade, meate, and drinke.
Edward Duke of Sommerset
was not inferior
in kéeping a number of tall Gentlemen and yeomen. These (I say) and all other men
of honour and worshippe then lodging in this Citie, or within the liberties
therof, did without grudging, beare their part of charges with the Citizens,
according to their estimated estates, without the which, those musters of old time
could not haue béene so great.
And thus I end touching vsuall Orders and Customes of this citie.
Sports and pastimes of old time vsed in this Citie.
LEt vs now saith (Fitz Stephen) come to the sportes and pastimes,
ous and serious, but also merrie and sport
full: whereupon in the seales of the Popes, vntil the time of Pope Leo, on the one side was Saint Peter; fishing with a keye ouer him, reached as it were by the hande of God out of heauen, and about it this verse. Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem . And on the other side was a cittie, and this inscription on it, Aurea Roma. Likewise to the prayse of Augustus Cesar, and the ci
Nocte pluit tota redeunt spectacula mane, &c.
Of sports and pastimes in this Citie eue
rie thing hath his time, a time to weepe a time to laugh, a time to mourne, & a time to daunce. Eccles. 3.
séeing it is fitte that a cittie should not onely be commodirie thing hath his time, a time to weepe a time to laugh, a time to mourne, & a time to daunce. Eccles. 3.
ous and serious, but also merrie and sport
full: whereupon in the seales of the Popes, vntil the time of Pope Leo, on the one side was Saint Peter; fishing with a keye ouer him, reached as it were by the hande of God out of heauen, and about it this verse. Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem . And on the other side was a cittie, and this inscription on it, Aurea Roma. Likewise to the prayse of Augustus Cesar, and the ci
tie
F2
68
Sportes and pastimes.
tie, in respect of the shewes and
sportes was written,
All night it raynes, and showes at morrowtide returne again. And Cesar
with almigtie Ioue hath matcht any equall raigne. But London for
the shews vpon Theaters, & Comical pastimes, hath holy playes representations
of miracles,
sors haue wrought, or representations of tormentes wherein the constancie of Martirs appeared. Euery yeare also at Shrouetuse
day (that we may beginne with childrens sports, séeing we al haue béene children) the schoole boyes do bring cockes of the game to their Mayster, and all the forenoone they delight themselues in cockfighting:
day in Lent a fresh company of young men comes into the fielde on horsebacke,
med launces and shieldes, and there they practise feates of warre. Many Courtiers likewise when the king lyeth néere, and atten
dants of noble men do repayre to these exercises, and while the hope of victorie doth inflame their mindes, do shew good proofe how ser
uiceable they would bee in martiall affayres. In Easter holidaies they fight battailes on the water,
lently forced with the tide, but on each side of the shielde ride two boates furnished with young men, which recouer him that falleth as soone as they may, Upon the bridge, wharfes, and houses, by the riuers side, stand great numbers to sée, and laugh thereat. In the holy dayes all sommer the youths are exercised in leaping, dancing, shooting, wrastling,
Stage playes.
which holy
confessors haue wrought, or representations of tormentes wherein the constancie of Martirs appeared. Euery yeare also at Shrouetuse
day (that we may beginne with childrens sports, séeing we al haue béene children) the schoole boyes do bring cockes of the game to their Mayster, and all the forenoone they delight themselues in cockfighting:
Cock fighting.
after dinner all the youthes goe into the fieldes, to play at the ball.
Ball play.
The schollers of euery schoole
haue their ball (or bastion) in their hands: the auncient and wealthy men of the
Citie come forth on horsebacke to sée the sport of the young men, and to take
parte of the pleasure in beholding their agilitie. Euery Fryday in Lent a fresh company of young men comes into the fielde on horsebacke,
Exercise of war like feates
on horsebacke with disarmed launces.
and the best horsemen conducteth
the rest. Then march forth the citizens sonnes, and other young men with disarmed launces and shieldes, and there they practise feates of warre. Many Courtiers likewise when the king lyeth néere, and atten
dants of noble men do repayre to these exercises, and while the hope of victorie doth inflame their mindes, do shew good proofe how ser
uiceable they would bee in martiall affayres. In Easter holidaies they fight battailes on the water,
Battailes on water.
a shield is hanged vpon
a pole, fixed in the midst of the streame, a boat is prepared without oares to be
carryed by violence of the water, and in the fore part thereof standeth a young
man, readie to giue charge vpon the shield with his launce: if so be he breaketh
his launce against the shield, and doth not fall, he is thought to haue performed
a worthy déede. If so be (without breaking his launce, hee runneth strongly
against the shield, downe hee falleth into the water, for the boate is violently forced with the tide, but on each side of the shielde ride two boates furnished with young men, which recouer him that falleth as soone as they may, Upon the bridge, wharfes, and houses, by the riuers side, stand great numbers to sée, and laugh thereat. In the holy dayes all sommer the youths are exercised in leaping, dancing, shooting, wrastling,
Leaping, dan
cing, shooting wrestling,
casting the stone, and practizing their
cing, shooting wrestling,
shields
69
Sportes and pastimes.
shieldes: the maydens trippe it with
their Timbrelles, and daunce
Dauncing.
as
long as they can well sée. In winter euery holy day before dinner, the Boares
prepared for brawne are set to fight,
Fighting of
Boars, bayting of Beares and Bulles.
or els Bulles and Beares are
bayted.
When the great fenne or Moore (which watereth the walles of the citie on the North
side) is frozen, many young men play vp
on the yce,
ting one the other, eyther one or both doe fall, not without hurt: some break their armes, some their legs, but youth desirous of glo
rie, in this sort exerciseth it selfe against the time of warre: Many of the citizens do delight themselues in Haukes, and houndes,
Stephen of sports.
on the yce,
The More field when there was no ditch
by the wall of the Citie slyding on the yce.
some stryding as wide as
they may, doe slide swiftly: others make themselues seates of ice, as great as
milstones: one sits downe, many hand in hand do drawe him, and one slipping on a
sudden, all fall together: some tye bones to their féete, and vnder their heeles,
and shouing themselues by a little picked staffe, doe slide as swiftly as a birde
flyeth in the aire, or an arrow out of a crossebow. Sometime two runne together
with poles, and hitting one the other, eyther one or both doe fall, not without hurt: some break their armes, some their legs, but youth desirous of glo
rie, in this sort exerciseth it selfe against the time of warre: Many of the citizens do delight themselues in Haukes, and houndes,
Hauking and hunting.
for they haue libertie of hunting in
Middlesex, Hartfordshire, all Chiltron, and in Kent
to the water of Cray. Thus farre Fitz-Stephen of sports.
These, or the like exercises haue béene continued till our time, namely in stage
playes,
ners well besides Smithfield: which play continued thrée dayes together,
sent. And of another, plaide in the yeare 1409. which lasted eight daies, and was of matter from the creation of the worlde, whereat was present most part of the nobilitie, and gentrie of Eng
land &c. Of late time in place of those Stage playes, hath béene vsed Comedies, Tragedies, enterludes, and histories, both true and fayned: For the acting whereof certaine publike places, as the Theater, the Curtine, &c. haue béene erected. Also cockes of the game are yet cherished by diuers men for their pleasures, much money being laid on their heades, when they fight in pits, where
of some be costly made for that purpose. The Ball is vsed by no
ble men and gentlemen in Tennis courtes,
ner sort in the open fieldes, and stréetes. The youthes of this ci
on the Riuer of Thames rowed in boates, with staues flat at the fore-end, running one against another, and for the most part ey
ther one, or both ouerthrowne and well ducked. On the holydaies in sommer the youthes of this Citie, haue in the fields exercised themselues in leaping, dauncing, shooting, wrastling,
zens kept games of defence,
tall of Saint Giles in the fielde, where they challenged, and had the masterie of the men in the suburbes, and other commers &c. Al
so in the yeare 1453. of a tumult made against the Mayor, at the wrestling besides Clarkes well &c. which is sufficient to proue that of olde time the exercising of wrestling, and such like hath beene much more vsed then of latter yeares. The youthes of this citie, also haue vsed on holy dayes after euening prayer, at their may
sters dores, to exercise their wasters and bucklers:
dens (one of them playing on a Timbrel) in sight of their maisters
on the Ice is now but childrens play: but in hauking and hunting many graue citizens, at this present haue great delight, and do ra
ther want leasure then good will to follow it. Of triumphant shewes
uance, riding through the citie towards Westminster, there to be crowned Quéene of England, the citie was adorned with silkes, & in the night with lampes, cressets, and other lights, without num
ber, besides many Pageantes, and strange deuises there presented, the citizens also rode
petters sounding before them: These citizens did minister wine, as Bottelers, which is their seruice at the coronation. More in the yeare 1298. for victorie obtained by Edward the first against the Scottes, euery citizen according to their seuerall trade, made their seuerall shew, but specially the Fishmongers, which in a so
lempne procession, passed through the citie, hauing amongst other Pageants and shewes, foure Sturgeons guilt, carried on foure horses: then foure Salmons of siluer on foure horses, & after them sixe and fortie armed Knightes riding on horses, made like luces of the sea, and then one representing S. Magnus (because it was on S. Magnus day) with a thousand horsemen &c. Of one other shew ye may reade in the yeare 1377. made by the citizens for disport of the yong prince Richard, son to the blacke prince, and thus it fol
loweth. On the sunday before candlemas in the night, 130. citi
zens disguised, and wel horsed in a mummerie with sound of trum
pets, shackbuts, cornets, Shalmes, and other minstrels, and in
numerable torch lights of Waxe, rode from Newgate through Cheape ouer the bridge, through Southwarke, and so to Ken
nington besides Lambhith, where the young Prince remayned with his mother, and the Duke of Lancaster, his vncle, the earles of Cambrldge, Hertford, Warwicke, and Suffolke, with diuers other Lordes. In the first ranke did ride 48. in the likenes and habite of Esquires, two and two together cloathed in redde coates and gownes of Say, or sandall, with comely visors on their faces: after them came riding 48. knights in the same liuerie, of colour and stuffe: Then followed one richly arrayed like an Emperor, and after him some distance, one stately tyred like a Pope, whome followed 24. Cardinals, and after them eyght or tenne with black visors not amiable, as if they had béen Legates from some forrain Princes. These maskers, after they had entred the Mannor of Kenington, alighted from their horses and entred the hall on foot: which done, the Prince, his mother, and the Lordes came out of the chamber into the hall, whom the saide mummers did salute, shewing by a paire of dice vpon the table their desire to play with the Prince, which they so handled, that the Prince did alwayes win when he cast them. Then the mummers set to the prince thrée
A Stage play continued.
whereof
ye may reade in
Anno 1391. a play to be plaide by the parish Clearkes of
London at the Skinners well besides Smithfield: which play continued thrée dayes together,
A stage play that lasted eight daies.
the King,
Quéene, and Nobles of the realme being present. And of another, plaide in the yeare 1409. which lasted eight daies, and was of matter from the creation of the worlde, whereat was present most part of the nobilitie, and gentrie of Eng
land &c. Of late time in place of those Stage playes, hath béene vsed Comedies, Tragedies, enterludes, and histories, both true and fayned: For the acting whereof certaine publike places, as the Theater, the Curtine, &c. haue béene erected. Also cockes of the game are yet cherished by diuers men for their pleasures, much money being laid on their heades, when they fight in pits, where
of some be costly made for that purpose. The Ball is vsed by no
ble men and gentlemen in Tennis courtes,
The ball at Tennis play
and by people of meaner sort in the open fieldes, and stréetes. The youthes of this ci
tie
F3
70
Sports and pastimes.
tie time out of mind, haue left off to
practise the disarmed launce, & shielde on horsebacke in the fieldes, but I
haue séene some few vpon the Riuer of Thames rowed in boates, with staues flat at the fore-end, running one against another, and for the most part ey
ther one, or both ouerthrowne and well ducked. On the holydaies in sommer the youthes of this Citie, haue in the fields exercised themselues in leaping, dauncing, shooting, wrastling,
Leaping, dan
cing, shooting wrestling, &c.
casting of the stone or Ball &c. And for defence and vse of the weapon, there
is a speciall profession of men that teach it. Yee may reade in mine
Annalles, how that in the yeare 1222. the citicing, shooting wrestling, &c.
zens kept games of defence,
Games of de
fence.
and wrestlings néere vnto the Hospifence.
tall of Saint Giles in the fielde, where they challenged, and had the masterie of the men in the suburbes, and other commers &c. Al
so in the yeare 1453. of a tumult made against the Mayor, at the wrestling besides Clarkes well &c. which is sufficient to proue that of olde time the exercising of wrestling, and such like hath beene much more vsed then of latter yeares. The youthes of this citie, also haue vsed on holy dayes after euening prayer, at their may
sters dores, to exercise their wasters and bucklers:
Playing at the
Bucklers.
and the maidens (one of them playing on a Timbrel) in sight of their maisters
Dauncing for garlandes in the streets.
and Dames to
daunce for garlandes hanged thwart the streetes, which open pastimes in my youth,
being now suppressed: worser practizes within dores are to be feared: as for the
bayting of Buls and Beares, they are till this day much frequented. Slyding vpon the Ice is now but childrens play: but in hauking and hunting many graue citizens, at this present haue great delight, and do ra
ther want leasure then good will to follow it. Of triumphant shewes
Mathew Paris. Shewes for tri
umphes.
made by the citizens of London, ye may reade in the
year 1236. the 20. of Henry the
third, Andrew Bockwell then being Mayor, howe Helianor
daughter to Reymonde earle of Proumphes.
uance, riding through the citie towards Westminster, there to be crowned Quéene of England, the citie was adorned with silkes, & in the night with lampes, cressets, and other lights, without num
ber, besides many Pageantes, and strange deuises there presented, the citizens also rode
The citizens roade.
to meet the King &
Queene cloathed in long garments embrodered
Imbrodered garments
about with gold, and silks of diuers colors, their
horses gallantly trapped to the number of 360. euery man
bearing
71
Sportes and pastimes.
bearing a cuppe of gold or siluer in
his hand, and the kings trumpetters sounding before them: These citizens did minister wine, as Bottelers, which is their seruice at the coronation. More in the yeare 1298. for victorie obtained by Edward the first against the Scottes, euery citizen according to their seuerall trade, made their seuerall shew, but specially the Fishmongers, which in a so
lempne procession, passed through the citie, hauing amongst other Pageants and shewes, foure Sturgeons guilt, carried on foure horses: then foure Salmons of siluer on foure horses, & after them sixe and fortie armed Knightes riding on horses, made like luces of the sea, and then one representing S. Magnus (because it was on S. Magnus day) with a thousand horsemen &c. Of one other shew ye may reade in the yeare 1377. made by the citizens for disport of the yong prince Richard, son to the blacke prince, and thus it fol
loweth. On the sunday before candlemas in the night, 130. citi
zens disguised, and wel horsed in a mummerie with sound of trum
pets, shackbuts, cornets, Shalmes, and other minstrels, and in
numerable torch lights of Waxe, rode from Newgate through Cheape ouer the bridge, through Southwarke, and so to Ken
nington besides Lambhith, where the young Prince remayned with his mother, and the Duke of Lancaster, his vncle, the earles of Cambrldge, Hertford, Warwicke, and Suffolke, with diuers other Lordes. In the first ranke did ride 48. in the likenes and habite of Esquires, two and two together cloathed in redde coates and gownes of Say, or sandall, with comely visors on their faces: after them came riding 48. knights in the same liuerie, of colour and stuffe: Then followed one richly arrayed like an Emperor, and after him some distance, one stately tyred like a Pope, whome followed 24. Cardinals, and after them eyght or tenne with black visors not amiable, as if they had béen Legates from some forrain Princes. These maskers, after they had entred the Mannor of Kenington, alighted from their horses and entred the hall on foot: which done, the Prince, his mother, and the Lordes came out of the chamber into the hall, whom the saide mummers did salute, shewing by a paire of dice vpon the table their desire to play with the Prince, which they so handled, that the Prince did alwayes win when he cast them. Then the mummers set to the prince thrée
Iewels,
F4
72
Sportes and pastimes.
Iewelles,
The prince did winne three Iewels of the Maskers.
one
after another, which were a boule of gold, a cuppe of gold, and a ring of gold,
which the Prince wanne at thrée casts. Then they set to the Princes mother, the
Duke, the Earles, and other Lords, to euery one a ring of gold, which they also
did win: After which they were feasted, and the musick sounded, the prince and
Lords daunced on the one part with the mummers, which did also daunce, which
iolitie being ended, they were againe made to drinke, and then departed in order
as they came.
Thus much for sportfull shewes in triumphes may suffice: of other shews for sports
and pastimes yearly vsed, first at Christ
masse, there was in the Kinges house wheresoeuer hee was lodg
ed, a Lorde of misrule,
shippe, were he spirituall, or temporall. Amongst the which the Maior of London, and either of the shiriffes had their seuerall Lordes of Misrule, euer contending without quarrell or offence, who should make the rarest pastimes to delight the beholders. These Lordes beginning their rule on Alhollon Eue, continued thesame till the morrow after the Feast of the Purification, com
monly called Candlemas day: In all which space there were fine and subtile disguisinges, Maskes, and Mummeries, with playing at Cardes, for Counters, Nayles, and pointes, more for pastimes then for gaine. In the weeke before Easter had yee great shewes made for the fetching in of a twisted Tree, or With, as they termed it, out of the woodes into the kinges house, and the like in
to euery mans house of honor or worship. In the moneth of May,
ment) would walke into the sweet meadowes and greene woods, there to reioyce their spirites with the beuty and sauour of sweete flowers, and with the noyce of birdes, praising God in their kinde and for more notable example hereof Edwarde Hall, hath noted, that K. Henry the eight in the seuenth of his raigne on May day in the Morning with Queene Katheren his wife, accompanied with manie Lordes and Ladies, rode a Maying from Greenewitch to the high ground of Shooters hill, where (as they passed by the way) they espied acompanie of tall yeomen clothed all in Greene, with greene whoodes, and with bowes and arrowes to the num
gaine they likewise shot againe, their arrowes whistled by craft of the heade, so that the noise was strange and lowde, which great
ly delighted the king and Queene and their Companie. Moreouer this Robin Hoode desired the King and Queene with their reti
nue to enter the greene wood, where, in harbors made of boughes and decked with flowers, they were set and serued plentifully with venison and wine, by Robin Hoode and his meynie, to their greate contentment, and had other Pageantes and Pastimes as yee may reade in my saide Author. I find also that in the moneth of May, the Citizens of London, of all estates, lightlie in euery parish, or sometimes two or three parishes ioyning together, had their seuerall mayinges, and did fetch in Maypoles, with diuers warlike shewes, with good Archers, Morrice dauncers, and o
ther deuises for pastime all the day long, and towardes the eue
ning they had stage playes and bonefires in the streetes, of these Mayinges, wee read in the raigne of Henry the 6. that the Al
dermen and Shiriffs of London being on May day at the Bishop of Londons wood in the parish of Stebunheath, and hauing there a worshipful dinner for themselues and other commers, Lydgate, the Poet that was a Monke of Bray, sent to them by a Pursiuant a ioyfull cōmendation of that season contayning 16. staues in me
ter Royall, beginning thus.
masse, there was in the Kinges house wheresoeuer hee was lodg
ed, a Lorde of misrule,
L. of misrule at Christmas.
or mayster of merie disporters, and the
like had ye in the house of euery noble man, of honor, or good worshippe, were he spirituall, or temporall. Amongst the which the Maior of London, and either of the shiriffes had their seuerall Lordes of Misrule, euer contending without quarrell or offence, who should make the rarest pastimes to delight the beholders. These Lordes beginning their rule on Alhollon Eue, continued thesame till the morrow after the Feast of the Purification, com
monly called Candlemas day: In all which space there were fine and subtile disguisinges, Maskes, and Mummeries, with playing at Cardes, for Counters, Nayles, and pointes, more for pastimes then for gaine. In the weeke before Easter had yee great shewes made for the fetching in of a twisted Tree, or With, as they termed it, out of the woodes into the kinges house, and the like in
to euery mans house of honor or worship. In the moneth of May,
May games.
namely on May day in the morning, euery man (except impediment) would walke into the sweet meadowes and greene woods, there to reioyce their spirites with the beuty and sauour of sweete flowers, and with the noyce of birdes, praising God in their kinde and for more notable example hereof Edwarde Hall, hath noted, that K. Henry the eight in the seuenth of his raigne on May day in the Morning with Queene Katheren his wife, accompanied with manie Lordes and Ladies, rode a Maying from Greenewitch to the high ground of Shooters hill, where (as they passed by the way) they espied acompanie of tall yeomen clothed all in Greene, with greene whoodes, and with bowes and arrowes to the num
ber
73
Sportes and Pastimes.
ber of 200. One being their Chieftain
was called Robin Hoode, who required the king and his company, to stay
& see his men shoot whereunto the king granting, Robin Hoode
Robin Hoode and his men shot before the
king.
whistled, and al the 200. Archers shot of, loosing all at once,
and when he whistled againe they likewise shot againe, their arrowes whistled by craft of the heade, so that the noise was strange and lowde, which great
ly delighted the king and Queene and their Companie. Moreouer this Robin Hoode desired the King and Queene with their reti
nue to enter the greene wood, where, in harbors made of boughes and decked with flowers, they were set and serued plentifully with venison and wine, by Robin Hoode and his meynie, to their greate contentment, and had other Pageantes and Pastimes as yee may reade in my saide Author. I find also that in the moneth of May, the Citizens of London, of all estates, lightlie in euery parish, or sometimes two or three parishes ioyning together, had their seuerall mayinges, and did fetch in Maypoles, with diuers warlike shewes, with good Archers, Morrice dauncers, and o
ther deuises for pastime all the day long, and towardes the eue
ning they had stage playes and bonefires in the streetes, of these Mayinges, wee read in the raigne of Henry the 6. that the Al
dermen and Shiriffs of London being on May day at the Bishop of Londons wood in the parish of Stebunheath, and hauing there a worshipful dinner for themselues and other commers, Lydgate, the Poet that was a Monke of Bray, sent to them by a Pursiuant a ioyfull cōmendation of that season contayning 16. staues in me
ter Royall, beginning thus.
Mighty Flora, Goddesse of fresh flowers,
which clothed hath the soile in lustie greene.
Made buds spring, with her sweete showers,
by influence of the Sun shine.
To doe pleasance of intent full cleane,
The pleasant moneth of May commen
ded.
ded.
vnto the States which now sit here.
Hath Vere downe sent her owne daughter deare.
Making the vertue, that dured in the roote.
Called of Clarkes, the vertue vegitable.
for to trascend, most holsom and most soote.
Into
F5
74
Of watches in London.
Into the Crop, this season so agreeable
the baumy libuor48, is so commendable.
That it reioyceth, with his fresh moisture,
man, beast, and fowle, and euery creature: &c.
These greate Mayinges and Maygames made by the gouer
nors and maisters of this Citie, with the triumphant setting vp of the greate shafte, (a principall Maypole in Cornhill, before the parish Church of S.Andrew) therefore called Undershafte, by meane of an insurrection of youthes, against Alianes on May day, 1517. the ninth of Henry the eight, haue not beene so free
ly vsed as afore. And therefore to speake of watches
tained where the robbery was don, should competently restore the losse: And this was after the vse of Sauoy, but yet thought more harde to bee obserued, here, then in those partes: and therefore lea
uing those laborious watches, I will speake of our pleasures and pastimes in watching by night. In the monethes of Iune, and Iu
ly, on the Uigiles or Festiuall daies, and on the same Festiuall daies in the eueninges, after the Sunne setting, there were vsually made Bonefiers in the streetes,
stiuall daies with meates and drinkes plentifully, whereunto they woulde inuite their neighboures and Passengers also to sit, and be merry with them in greate familiarity, praising God for his be
nefites bestowed on them: These were called Bonefires aswell of good amity amongst neighbours that being before at contro
uersie, (were there by the labour of others) reconciled, and made of bitter enemies, louing frendes: as also for the vertue that a
duite by Paules gate through west Cheape, by the Stocks, throgh Cornhill, by Leaden hall to Aldegate, then backe downe Fen
churchstreete, by Grasse church, aboute Grasse church Con
duite, and vp Grasse church streete into Cornhill, and through it into west Cheape, againe, and so broke vp, the whole way or
dered for this marching watch, extended to 3200. Taylors yards of assize, for the furniture whereof with lightes there were appoin
ted 700. Cressetes, 500. of them being founde by the Compani
es, the other 200. by the Chamber of London? besides the which lights euery Constable in London) in number more then 240. had his Cresset: the charge of euery Cresset was in light two shil
linges foure pence, and euery Cresset had two men, one to beare or hold it, an other to beare a bag with light, and to serue it, so that the poore men perteyning to the Cressets, taking wages, besides that euery one had a strawne hat, with a badge painted, and his break
fast amounted in number to almost 2000. The marching watch conteyned in number aboute 2000. men, parte of them being olde souldiers, of skill to bee captaines, Lieutenantes, Sergeantes, Corporals, &c. Wiflers, Drommers, and Fifes, Standard and Ensigne bearers, Sworde players, Trompiters on Horsebacke, Demilaunces on greate horses, Gunners with hand Guns, or halfe hakes Archers in coates of white sustian signed on the brest and backe with the armes of the citie, their bowes bent in their handes, with sheafes of arrowes by their sides, Pike men in bright corslets, Burganets, &c. Holbarders, like the Bilmen, in Almaine Riuetes, and Aperns of Mayle in greate number, there were also diuers Pageantes, Morris dancers, Constables the one halfe (which was 120. on S. Iohns Eue49, the other halfe on S. Peters Eue50 in bright harnesse some ouergilte, and euery one a Iornet of Scarlet thereupon, and his hench man following him, his min
strels before him, and his cresset light passing by him, the Wayts of the citie, the Mayors Officers, for his guarde before him, all
men, and the like Torch bearers aboute him, Hench men twaine, vpon great stirring horses following him. The Shiriffes watches came one after the other in like order, but not so large in number as the Mayors: for where the Mayor had besides his Giant thrée Pageantes, each of the Shiriffes had besides their Giantes but two Pageants, ech their Morris Dance, and one hench man, their Officers in Iacquetes of wolsted, or Say, party coloured, diffe
ring from the Mayors and each from other, but hauing harnised men a greate many, &c.
nors and maisters of this Citie, with the triumphant setting vp of the greate shafte, (a principall Maypole in Cornhill, before the parish Church of S.Andrew) therefore called Undershafte, by meane of an insurrection of youthes, against Alianes on May day, 1517. the ninth of Henry the eight, haue not beene so free
ly vsed as afore. And therefore to speake of watches
Watches in the night com
manded.
and shewes in the nightes:
First I reade that in the yeare of Christ, 1253. watches in
Cities and Borough towns were commanded by king Henry the thirde, for the
better obseruing of peace and quietnesse amongst his people: And farther by the
aduice of them of Sauoy: hee ordayned that if any man chanced to bee
robbed, or by any meanes damnified, by any theefe or robber, hee to whome the
charge of keeping that country, Citie or Borough chifely appermanded.
tained where the robbery was don, should competently restore the losse: And this was after the vse of Sauoy, but yet thought more harde to bee obserued, here, then in those partes: and therefore lea
uing those laborious watches, I will speake of our pleasures and pastimes in watching by night. In the monethes of Iune, and Iu
ly, on the Uigiles or Festiuall daies, and on the same Festiuall daies in the eueninges, after the Sunne setting, there were vsually made Bonefiers in the streetes,
Bonefiers and banqueting in the streetes.
euery man bestowing wood or
labour towardes them: the welthier sorte also before their dores neare to the
saide Bonefires would, set out tables on the Uigiles furnished with sweete breade,
and good drinke, and on the Festiuall daies with meates and drinkes plentifully, whereunto they woulde inuite their neighboures and Passengers also to sit, and be merry with them in greate familiarity, praising God for his be
nefites bestowed on them: These were called Bonefires aswell of good amity amongst neighbours that being before at contro
uersie, (were there by the labour of others) reconciled, and made of bitter enemies, louing frendes: as also for the vertue that a
great
75
Of watches in London.
greate firehath to purge the
infection of the aire. On the vigils of S. Iohn Baptist,
Watches at Midsommer.
and of S. Peter, and
Paul the Apostles, besides the standing watches all in bright harnesse
in euery warde, and streete of this Citie, there was also a marching watch, that
passed through the principall streetes thereof, to wit from the little Conduite by Paules gate through west Cheape, by the Stocks, throgh Cornhill, by Leaden hall to Aldegate, then backe downe Fen
churchstreete, by Grasse church, aboute Grasse church Con
duite, and vp Grasse church streete into Cornhill, and through it into west Cheape, againe, and so broke vp, the whole way or
dered for this marching watch, extended to 3200. Taylors yards of assize, for the furniture whereof with lightes there were appoin
ted 700. Cressetes, 500. of them being founde by the Compani
es, the other 200. by the Chamber of London? besides the which lights euery Constable in London) in number more then 240. had his Cresset: the charge of euery Cresset was in light two shil
linges foure pence, and euery Cresset had two men, one to beare or hold it, an other to beare a bag with light, and to serue it, so that the poore men perteyning to the Cressets, taking wages, besides that euery one had a strawne hat, with a badge painted, and his break
fast amounted in number to almost 2000. The marching watch conteyned in number aboute 2000. men, parte of them being olde souldiers, of skill to bee captaines, Lieutenantes, Sergeantes, Corporals, &c. Wiflers, Drommers, and Fifes, Standard and Ensigne bearers, Sworde players, Trompiters on Horsebacke, Demilaunces on greate horses, Gunners with hand Guns, or halfe hakes Archers in coates of white sustian signed on the brest and backe with the armes of the citie, their bowes bent in their handes, with sheafes of arrowes by their sides, Pike men in bright corslets, Burganets, &c. Holbarders, like the Bilmen, in Almaine Riuetes, and Aperns of Mayle in greate number, there were also diuers Pageantes, Morris dancers, Constables the one halfe (which was 120. on S. Iohns Eue49, the other halfe on S. Peters Eue50 in bright harnesse some ouergilte, and euery one a Iornet of Scarlet thereupon, and his hench man following him, his min
strels before him, and his cresset light passing by him, the Wayts of the citie, the Mayors Officers, for his guarde before him, all
in
76
Of watches in London.
in a Liuery of wolsted or Say
Iacquetes party coloured, the Mayor him selfe well mounted on horsebacke, the
Sword bearer before him in fayre Armour well mounted also, the Mayors footmen, and the like Torch bearers aboute him, Hench men twaine, vpon great stirring horses following him. The Shiriffes watches came one after the other in like order, but not so large in number as the Mayors: for where the Mayor had besides his Giant thrée Pageantes, each of the Shiriffes had besides their Giantes but two Pageants, ech their Morris Dance, and one hench man, their Officers in Iacquetes of wolsted, or Say, party coloured, diffe
ring from the Mayors and each from other, but hauing harnised men a greate many, &c.
This Midsommer watch was thus accustomed yearely, time out of minde, vntill the
yeare 1539. the 31. of Henry the 8. in which yere on the eight of
May, a great muster was made by the Citizens, at the Miles ende, all in
bright harnesse, with coates of white silke,
or
cloth, and chaynes of gold, in three great battailes, to the number of 15000.
which passed through London to Westminster, and so through the
Sanctuarie, and round about the Parke of S. Iames, and
returned home through Oldbourne. King Henry then considering the
greate charges of the Citizens for the furniture of this vnusuall Muster, forbad
the marching watch prouided for, at Midsommer, for that yeare, which
being once laide downe, was not raised againe till the yeare 1548.
the second of Edwarde
the sixt, Sir Iohn Gresham, then being Mai
or, who caused the marching watch, both on the Eue of S. Iohn Baptist, and of S. Peter the Apostle, to bee reuiued and set foorth, in as comely order as it had beene accustomed, which watch was also beutified by the number of more then 300. De
milances, and light horsemen, prepared by the Citizens to bee sent into Scotland for the rescue of the towne of Hadington, and others kept by the English men, since this Maiors time, the like marching watch in this Citie hath not been vsed, though some at
tempts haue beene made thereunto, as in the yere 1585. a booke was drawn by a graue Citizen, & by him dedicated to Sir Thomas Pullison, then Lord Maior and his Brethren the Aldermen: con
teyning the manner and order of a marching watch in the cittie
ficers of sondrie sortes were thereby well set a worke, none but rich men charged: poore men helped: olde Souldiers, Trompiters, Drommers, Fifes, and ensigne bearers, with such like men, meet for Princes seruice kept in vre, wherein the safety and defence of euery common weale consisteth. Armonr51 and Weapon being yearely occupied in this wise: the Citizens had of their owne redi
ly prepared for any neede, whereas by intermission hereof, Armo
rers are out of worke, Souldiers out of vre, weapons ouergrown with foulenes, few or none good being prouided. &c.
or, who caused the marching watch, both on the Eue of S. Iohn Baptist, and of S. Peter the Apostle, to bee reuiued and set foorth, in as comely order as it had beene accustomed, which watch was also beutified by the number of more then 300. De
milances, and light horsemen, prepared by the Citizens to bee sent into Scotland for the rescue of the towne of Hadington, and others kept by the English men, since this Maiors time, the like marching watch in this Citie hath not been vsed, though some at
tempts haue beene made thereunto, as in the yere 1585. a booke was drawn by a graue Citizen, & by him dedicated to Sir Thomas Pullison, then Lord Maior and his Brethren the Aldermen: con
teyning the manner and order of a marching watch in the cittie
vpon
77
Of Watches in London.
vpon the Euens accustomed, in
commendation whereof (namely in time of peace to be vsed) he hath wordes to this
effect. The Artificers of sondrie sortes were thereby well set a worke, none but rich men charged: poore men helped: olde Souldiers, Trompiters, Drommers, Fifes, and ensigne bearers, with such like men, meet for Princes seruice kept in vre, wherein the safety and defence of euery common weale consisteth. Armonr51 and Weapon being yearely occupied in this wise: the Citizens had of their owne redi
ly prepared for any neede, whereas by intermission hereof, Armo
rers are out of worke, Souldiers out of vre, weapons ouergrown with foulenes, few or none good being prouided. &c.
In the moneth of August aboute the feast of S. Bartlemew the Apostle,
before the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Shiriffes of London placed in a
large Tent neare vnto Clarken well, of old time were diuers daies spent
in the pastime of wrestling, where the Officers of the Citie: namely the
Shiriffes, Serieantes and Yeomen, the Portars of the kinges beame, or weigh house,
and other of the Citie were challengers of all men, in the suburbesʿto wrestle for
games appointed: and on other daies, before the saide Maior, Aldermen and
Shiriffes, in Fensbery fielde, to shoote the Standarde, broade arrow, and
flight, for games: but now of late yeares the wrestling is onely practised on
Bartilmew day in the after noone, and the shooting some three or foure
dayes after, in one after noone and no more. What shoulde I speake of the auncient
dayly exercises in the long bow by Citizens of this cittie, now almost cleane left
of and forsaken. I ouer passe it: for by the meane of closing in the common
groundes, our Archers for want of roome to shoote abroade, creepe into bowling
Allies, and ordinary dicing houses, nearer home, where they haue roome e
nough to hazard their money at vnlawfull games: where I leaue them to take their pleasures.
nough to hazard their money at vnlawfull games: where I leaue them to take their pleasures.
Honor
78
Honor of Citizens, and worthinesse of men in the same.
THis Citie (saith Fitzstephen) is glorious in manhoode: furnished with
munitions: populous with inhabitants, insomuch that in the troublesome time of king
Stephen
, it hath shewed at a muster twentie thousand armed horsemen, and
threescore thousande footemen, seruiceable for the warres. More
ouer saith hee, the Citizens of London,
tie are the very modest Sabine Ladies of Italy. The Londi
ners sometime called Trinobantes, repelled Cesar,
ouer saith hee, the Citizens of London,
The modest matrons that haue beene and ought to
be.
wheresoeuer they become, are notable before all other Citizens in
ciuillitie of manners, attire, table, & talke. The matrons of this citie are the very modest Sabine Ladies of Italy. The Londi
ners sometime called Trinobantes, repelled Cesar,
Worthines of men Citizens of London.
which alwaies
made his passage by shedding blood, whereupon Lucan song.
Territa quæsitis ostendit terga Britannis.
The citie of London hath bred some, which haue subdued ma
ny kingdomes, and also the Romaine Empire. It hath also brought forth many others, whome vertue and valour hath high
lie aduanced, according to Apollo, in his Oracle to Brute, sub occasu solis: &c. In the time of christianitie, it brought foorth that noble Emperor Constantine,
uester: choosing rather to be called a Defendor of the church, then an Emperour: and least peace might be violated, and their eyes troubled by his presence, he retired from Rome, and built the cittie of Constantinople. London also in late time hath brought forth famous kinges: Maude the Empresse, king Henry, sonne to Henry the second &c. thus far Fitzstephen: whereunto may bee added innumerable persons of honor, borne in London, and actions done by worthie citizens,
ny kingdomes, and also the Romaine Empire. It hath also brought forth many others, whome vertue and valour hath high
lie aduanced, according to Apollo, in his Oracle to Brute, sub occasu solis: &c. In the time of christianitie, it brought foorth that noble Emperor Constantine,
Constantine the
Emperour borne in Lon
don.
which
gaue the cittie of Rome and all the emperiall ensignes to God, S.
Peter and Pope Sildon.
uester: choosing rather to be called a Defendor of the church, then an Emperour: and least peace might be violated, and their eyes troubled by his presence, he retired from Rome, and built the cittie of Constantinople. London also in late time hath brought forth famous kinges: Maude the Empresse, king Henry, sonne to Henry the second &c. thus far Fitzstephen: whereunto may bee added innumerable persons of honor, borne in London, and actions done by worthie citizens,
Honorable actions done by the worthie Citizens.
whereof I will onely note a few best knowne to the comminalty.
In the yere, 1216. the Londiners: sending out a Nauie,
tooke 65. ships of Pirates and sea robbers: besides innumerable others
ry the Spittle without Blshopsgate 52 of London, a house of such releefe to the needy, that there was found standing at the suppres
sion thereof, ninescore beds well furnished for receipt of poore peo
ple. In the yeare 1247. Simon Fitzmary, one of the Shiriffes of London, founded the Hospitall of S. Marie called Bethleme, also without Bishopsgate. In the yeare 1283. Henry Wallice,
came himselfe the first Prior of that Hospital, In the yere 1363.
sarde. In like manner the Lady Margaret his wife, kept her Chamber to the same intent &c. In the yeare 1378. Iohn Fil
pot
diers, and defended the Realme from the incursions of the enne
mie, so that in a small time his hired men tooke Iohn Mercer, a sea-rouer, with al his Shippes, which hee before had taken from Scarberow, and fifeteene Spanish ships laden with great riches. In the yeare 1380. Thomas of VVodstocke, Thomas Percie, Henry Calueley53, Robert Knowles, and others, being sent with a great power to aide the Duke of Britaine, the saide Iohn Fil
pot hyred ships for them of his owne charges, and released the Armour, which the souldiers had pawned for their victuailes, more then 1000. in number. This most noble Citizen (saieth Thomas VValsingham) that had trauelled for the commoditie of the whole Realme, more then all other of his time, had often releeued the king, by lending him great sommes of money, and o
therwise, deceased in anno 1384. after that he had assured Lands
lar (a presumptuous Rebell, vpon whome no man durst lay hands) deliuer the king and kingdome from the danger of most wicked Traitors, and was for his seruice knighted in the fielde.
that
79
Honor of Citizens,& worthinesse of men in the same.
that they drowned, which had robbed on the riuer of Thames. In the yeare
1235. Walter Brune,
a Citizen of London, and Rosia his wife founded
the Hospitall of our Lady, called S. Mary the Spittle without Blshopsgate 52 of London, a house of such releefe to the needy, that there was found standing at the suppres
sion thereof, ninescore beds well furnished for receipt of poore peo
ple. In the yeare 1247. Simon Fitzmary, one of the Shiriffes of London, founded the Hospitall of S. Marie called Bethleme, also without Bishopsgate. In the yeare 1283. Henry Wallice,
Henry Wallice maior.
then Maior, builded the Tunne vpon Cornhill, to be a prison for night
walkers, and a market house called the Stockes, both for fish and flesh,
standing in the midst of the Citie. In the yeare 1332, William
Elsing Mercer of London, founded Elsing spittle
Elsing Spittle for 100. poore blinde men.
within Criplegate, for sustentation of 100. poore blind men, & became himselfe the first Prior of that Hospital, In the yere 1363.
Patent recorde.
Henry Picad
sometime Maior, in one day royally feasted Edward the
thirde, king of England, Iohn king of France, Dauid king of
Scots, the king of Cipres, (then ariued in England)
Edwarde Prince of Wales, with many other noble men, and after
kept his hall for all commers that were willing to play at Dice, and hasarde. In like manner the Lady Margaret his wife, kept her Chamber to the same intent &c. In the yeare 1378. Iohn Fil
pot
Iohn Filpot. a most
famous Citizen.
sometime Maior,
hyred with his owne money, 1000. Souldiers, and defended the Realme from the incursions of the enne
mie, so that in a small time his hired men tooke Iohn Mercer, a sea-rouer, with al his Shippes, which hee before had taken from Scarberow, and fifeteene Spanish ships laden with great riches. In the yeare 1380. Thomas of VVodstocke, Thomas Percie, Henry Calueley53, Robert Knowles, and others, being sent with a great power to aide the Duke of Britaine, the saide Iohn Fil
pot hyred ships for them of his owne charges, and released the Armour, which the souldiers had pawned for their victuailes, more then 1000. in number. This most noble Citizen (saieth Thomas VValsingham) that had trauelled for the commoditie of the whole Realme, more then all other of his time, had often releeued the king, by lending him great sommes of money, and o
therwise, deceased in anno 1384. after that he had assured Lands
to
80
Honor of Citizens and worthinesse of men.
to the City for
the reliefe of 13. poore people for euer. In the yere 1381. William
Walworth
William Wal
worthes Vali
antie.
then Mayor a most
prouident, valiant and learned Citizen, did by his arrest made vpon VVat Tyworthes Vali
antie.
lar (a presumptuous Rebell, vpon whome no man durst lay hands) deliuer the king and kingdome from the danger of most wicked Traitors, and was for his seruice knighted in the fielde.
William Wal
worth and o
ther knighted in the field.
worth and o
ther knighted in the field.
Nicholas Brembar, Iohn Filpot, Robert Laund, Nicho
las Twiforde, and Adam Francis, Aldermen were then for their seruice likewise knighted, and Sir Robert Knoles, for assisting of the Maior was made free of this Citie. This Sir Roberte Knoles thus worthilie enfranchised a Citizen, founded a Colledge with an Hospitall at Pontfract, and hee also builded the greate stone bridge at Rochester, ouer the riuer of Medway, &c. In the yere 1391. Adam Bamne Maior, in a great dearth procured corn from parts beyond the seas, to be brought to London in such aboundance as sufficed to serue the Citie, and the Countries nere adioyning, to the furtherance of which good woorke, he tooke out of the Orphants chest in the Guildehall, 2000. Markes to buy the saide corne and each Alderman laide out 20.l. to the like pur
pose. In the yere 1415. Thomas Faulconer Maior, lent to king Henry the fift towards the maintenance of his wars in France, 10000.
ed fresh water from Teyborne to the Standardein54 west Cheape for seruice of the Citie. In the yeare 1438. William Eastfielde Maior, conueyed water to the Conduite in Fleetestreete to Al
dermanberry, and to Criplesgate. In the yeare 1439. Stephen Brown Maior sent into Prussia,⎜and caused corne to bee brought thence to London in greate quan titie, whereby he brought down the prize of wheate from iij.s̃.the Bushell, to lesse then halfe that money. In the yeare 1446. Simon Eyre Maior, builded the Leaden hall, for a common Grayner of corne to the vse of this Citie, and left 5000. markes to bee bestowed in charitable
ton Maior, and 11. Aldermen of London, with the Recorder were all made knightes in the fielde, by Edwarde the fourth, for their good seruice done vuto55 him. In the yeare 1483. Edmond Shaa Maior, builded Criplesgate. In the yeare 1491. Hugh Cloptō Maior, builded the great stone arched bridge at Stratford vpon Auon. In the yeare 1494. Robert Fabyan, Alderman and one of the Shiriffes gathered out of diuers good Authors, as
well Latine as French, a large chronicle of England and France, which hee published in English to his greate charges, for the ho
nor of this citie, and common vtilitie of the whole Realme. In the yeare 1554, Sir Thomas VVhite Maior founded S. Iohns Colledge in Oxforde, and gaue greate summes of money to di
uers Townes in England for releefe of the poore. In the yere 1566. Sir Thomas Gresham Mercer, builded that stately Ex
change Royal in London, and left his dwelling house in Bishops
gate streete, to be a colledge of readings &c. as in my summary.
las Twiforde, and Adam Francis, Aldermen were then for their seruice likewise knighted, and Sir Robert Knoles, for assisting of the Maior was made free of this Citie. This Sir Roberte Knoles thus worthilie enfranchised a Citizen, founded a Colledge with an Hospitall at Pontfract, and hee also builded the greate stone bridge at Rochester, ouer the riuer of Medway, &c. In the yere 1391. Adam Bamne Maior, in a great dearth procured corn from parts beyond the seas, to be brought to London in such aboundance as sufficed to serue the Citie, and the Countries nere adioyning, to the furtherance of which good woorke, he tooke out of the Orphants chest in the Guildehall, 2000. Markes to buy the saide corne and each Alderman laide out 20.l. to the like pur
pose. In the yere 1415. Thomas Faulconer Maior, lent to king Henry the fift towards the maintenance of his wars in France, 10000.
Recorde.
Marks vpon Iewels. In the yeare 1420. Richarde
Whitington
Maior founded
Whitingtons Colledge for the poore, with diuinitie lectures to be
reade there, for euer: Hee also builded Newgate &c. In the yeare
1427. Iohn Rinwell
Maior gaue to discharge
certaine wardes of London, from fiftéenes, and other payments. In the
yeare 1432. Iohn Wels
Maior conueyed fresh water from Teyborne to the Standardein54 west Cheape for seruice of the Citie. In the yeare 1438. William Eastfielde Maior, conueyed water to the Conduite in Fleetestreete to Al
dermanberry, and to Criplesgate. In the yeare 1439. Stephen Brown Maior sent into Prussia,⎜and caused corne to bee brought thence to London in greate quan titie, whereby he brought down the prize of wheate from iij.s̃.the Bushell, to lesse then halfe that money. In the yeare 1446. Simon Eyre Maior, builded the Leaden hall, for a common Grayner of corne to the vse of this Citie, and left 5000. markes to bee bestowed in charitable
actions
81
Honor of Citizens and worthinesse of men.
actions for
releefe of the poore. In the yeare 1471. Iohn Stocton Maior, and 11. Aldermen of London, with the Recorder were all made knightes in the fielde, by Edwarde the fourth, for their good seruice done vuto55 him. In the yeare 1483. Edmond Shaa Maior, builded Criplesgate. In the yeare 1491. Hugh Cloptō Maior, builded the great stone arched bridge at Stratford vpon Auon. In the yeare 1494. Robert Fabyan, Alderman and one of the Shiriffes gathered out of diuers good Authors, as
well Latine as French, a large chronicle of England and France, which hee published in English to his greate charges, for the ho
nor of this citie, and common vtilitie of the whole Realme. In the yeare 1554, Sir Thomas VVhite Maior founded S. Iohns Colledge in Oxforde, and gaue greate summes of money to di
uers Townes in England for releefe of the poore. In the yere 1566. Sir Thomas Gresham Mercer, builded that stately Ex
change Royal in London, and left his dwelling house in Bishops
gate streete, to be a colledge of readings &c. as in my summary.
About the yeare 1570. Margaret Dan,
widowe to William Dan, late one
of the Sheriffes of London gaue by her testament more then 2000. pound to
charitable actions.
Also about the yeare 1577. Dame Mary Ramsey
wife to Sir Thomas
Ramsey Mayor, being seased of landes in fée simple of her inheritance to
the yearely value of 243. pound, by his consent gaue the same to Christs
Hospitall in London, towardes reliefe of poore children there, and
otherwise, as in my summarie and a
bridgement I haue expressed, and as farith by monumentes erected in Christes Hospitall: which gift she afterward in her wi
dowhode confirmed, and greatly augmented.
bridgement I haue expressed, and as farith by monumentes erected in Christes Hospitall: which gift she afterward in her wi
dowhode confirmed, and greatly augmented.
In the yere 1577. William Lamb
Clothworker builded a wa
ter Conduite at Oldbourne Crosse, to his charge of 1500.l. and did many other charitable acts, as in my summarie.
ter Conduite at Oldbourne Crosse, to his charge of 1500.l. and did many other charitable acts, as in my summarie.
In the yeare 1582. Iohn Haydon
Alderman, gaue large
Legacies, and more then 3000.l. for releefe to the poore. In the yeare 1583.
Barnalde Randulph,
common Serieant of London, gaue and deliuered with
his hand 906.l. towardes the building of water Conduites, which was performed.
Moreouer he gaue by his Testament 1000.l. to bee imployed in deedes of charity,
but that money being left in holdfast hands, I haue not
heard
G
82
The Citie deuided into partes.
heard how it was
bestowed.
Thus much for the worthinesse of Citiizens in this Citie, touching whom Iohn
Lydgate
a Monke of Bury,
in the raigne of Henry
the sixt made (amongst other) these verses following.
Of Seauen thinges I praise the Citie.
Of true meaning and faithfull obseruance.
Of righteousnes, truth, and equity.
Of Stablenes aye kept in Legiance.
And for of vertue, thou hast suffisance,
In this lond here, and other londs all,
The kinges Chamber, of Custome men thee cal.
Hauing thus in generalitie handled the original, the wals, gates, ditches, and
fresh waters, the bridges, towers and castles the schools, of learning, and
houses of law, the orders and cu
stomes, sportes and pastimes, watchinges and martiall exer
cises, and lastly the honor and worthines of the Citizens: I am now to set down, the distribution of this City into parts: and mor especially to declare the antiquities: note worthie in euery of the same: and how both the whole and partes, haue beene from time to time ruled and gouerned.
stomes, sportes and pastimes, watchinges and martiall exer
cises, and lastly the honor and worthines of the Citizens: I am now to set down, the distribution of this City into parts: and mor especially to declare the antiquities: note worthie in euery of the same: and how both the whole and partes, haue beene from time to time ruled and gouerned.
THe Auncient diuision of this Citie, was into Wardes, or Aldermanries: and
therefore I will beginne at the East, and so proceede through the high and most
principall streete of the citie, to the west,
after this manner. First through Aldgate streete, to the
west corner of S. Andrewes Church called Undershaft, on the right hand,
and Lymestreete corner, on the left, all which is of Aldgate
warde: from thence through Cornhill streete, to the west corner of
Lea
den hall, all which is of Limestreete warde: from thence lea
uing the streete, that leadeth to Bishopsgate on the right hand, and the way that leadeth into Grasse streete on the left, still through Cornhill streete, by the Conduite to the west corner a
gainst the Stockes, all which is in Cornhill warde, then by the saide Stockes (a market place both of fish and flesh standing in the middest of the Citie)
wainer streete ward. Then by the Standarde to the great crosse which is in Cripplegate warde, on the North side, and in Bred
streete warde on the south side. And to the little conduite by Paules gate from whence of olde time, the saide high streete stretched straight to Ludgate, all in the warde of Faringdon within, then deuided truely from East to West, but since that by meanes of the burning of Paules Church which was in the raigne of Willi
am the first surnamed Conqueror. Mawricius then Bi
shop of London, layde the foundation of a new church, so far in largenes exceeding the olde, that the way towardes Ludgate was thereby greately streightened, as before I haue at large discoursed: Now from the North to the South,
uided not by a large high way or streete, as from East to West, but by a fayre Brooke of swéete water, which came from out the North fieldes through the wall, and midst of the citie into the ri
uer of Thames, which diuision is till this day constantlie and without change maintained. This water was called (as I haue said) Walbrooke,
uer of Thames. This is the course of Walbrooke, which was of olde time bridged ouer in diuers places, for passage of horses and men, as neede required: but since by meanes of encrochment on the bankes thereof, the channell being greatly streightned, and other noyances don thereunto, at length the same by common con
sent was Arched ouer with bricke, and paued with stone, equall
ces builded vpon, that no man may by the eye discerne it, and there
fore the trace thereof is hardly knowne, to the common people.
den hall, all which is of Limestreete warde: from thence lea
uing the streete, that leadeth to Bishopsgate on the right hand, and the way that leadeth into Grasse streete on the left, still through Cornhill streete, by the Conduite to the west corner a
gainst the Stockes, all which is in Cornhill warde, then by the saide Stockes (a market place both of fish and flesh standing in the middest of the Citie)
The stockes market the midst of the Citie-
through the
Poultrie, (a streete so called) to the great conduite inwest
Cheape, and so through Cheape, to the Standarde, which is of
Cheape warde, except on the South
side
83
The Citie deuided into partes.
side from Bow lane,
to the saide Standarde, which is of Cordwainer streete ward. Then by the Standarde to the great crosse which is in Cripplegate warde, on the North side, and in Bred
streete warde on the south side. And to the little conduite by Paules gate from whence of olde time, the saide high streete stretched straight to Ludgate, all in the warde of Faringdon within, then deuided truely from East to West, but since that by meanes of the burning of Paules Church which was in the raigne of Willi
am the first surnamed Conqueror. Mawricius then Bi
shop of London, layde the foundation of a new church, so far in largenes exceeding the olde, that the way towardes Ludgate was thereby greately streightened, as before I haue at large discoursed: Now from the North to the South,
The Citie de
uided from North to South.
this citie was of
olde time deuided from North to South.
uided not by a large high way or streete, as from East to West, but by a fayre Brooke of swéete water, which came from out the North fieldes through the wall, and midst of the citie into the ri
uer of Thames, which diuision is till this day constantlie and without change maintained. This water was called (as I haue said) Walbrooke,
The course
Walbrooke.
of running through, & from the wal the course whereof to
prosecute it particularlie, was and is from the said wal to S. Margarets
church, in Lothberry: from thence beneath the lower part of the
Grocers hall, about the east part of their Kitchen, vnder S. Mildredes
church, somewhat west from the saide Stockes market: from thence through
Buckels berry, by one great house builded of stone and timber, called
the old Bardge. because Barges out of the riuer of Thames were rowed vp so far
into this Brooke: on the backside of the houses in Walbrooke streete
(which streete taketh his name of the saide Brooke:) by the west ende of S.
Iohns church vpon Walbrooke, vnder Horshew Bridge, by the
west side of Tallow Chandlers hall, and of the Skinners hall, and so behinde the
other houses, to Elbow Lane, and by a parte thereof downe Greenewitch
lane, into the Riuer of Thames. This is the course of Walbrooke, which was of olde time bridged ouer in diuers places, for passage of horses and men, as neede required: but since by meanes of encrochment on the bankes thereof, the channell being greatly streightned, and other noyances don thereunto, at length the same by common con
sent was Arched ouer with bricke, and paued with stone, equall
with
G2
84
The Citie deuided into partes.
with the ground, where
through it passed, and is now in most places builded vpon, that no man may by the eye discerne it, and there
fore the trace thereof is hardly knowne, to the common people.
The Citie thus deuided from East to West, and from North to South: I am further to
shew how the same was of olde time broken into diuers partes called wardes,
whereof Fitzstephen more then foure hundred yeares ago writeth thus.
This Citie (sayeth hee) euen as Rome, is deuided into wardes, it
hath yearely Shiriffes in steade of Consuls. It hath the dignity of Senators in
Aldermen &c. The number of these wards in Lon
don were both before & in the raign of Henry the third: 24. in al: whereof 13 lay on the East side of the saide Walbrooke, and 11. on the West side of the same: notwithstanding these 11.
liament appointed to be deuided into twaine, and to haue two Al
dermen, to wit Faringdon within and Faringdon without, which made vp the number of 12. wardes on the west side of Walbrooke, and so the whole number of 25. on both sides: more
ouer in the yere 1550. the Maior, Commonalty, and Citizens of London, purchasing the Liberties of the Borough of Southwark, appointed the same to bee a warde of London, and so became the number of 13. wardes on the East, 12. on the West, and one in the South of the riuer of Thames, lying in the said Borough of Southwarke, within the county of Surrey, which in all arise to the number of 26. wardes and 26. Aldermen of London.
don were both before & in the raign of Henry the third: 24. in al: whereof 13 lay on the East side of the saide Walbrooke, and 11. on the West side of the same: notwithstanding these 11.
Patent Recorde.
grew much more larger and bigger then these on the East, and therefore
in the
yeare of Christ, 1393.
the 17. of Richarde the second, Farengdon warde which
was then one entier warde, but mightelie increased of buildinges without the
gates: was by Parliament appointed to be deuided into twaine, and to haue two Al
dermen, to wit Faringdon within and Faringdon without, which made vp the number of 12. wardes on the west side of Walbrooke, and so the whole number of 25. on both sides: more
ouer in the yere 1550. the Maior, Commonalty, and Citizens of London, purchasing the Liberties of the Borough of Southwark, appointed the same to bee a warde of London, and so became the number of 13. wardes on the East, 12. on the West, and one in the South of the riuer of Thames, lying in the said Borough of Southwarke, within the county of Surrey, which in all arise to the number of 26. wardes and 26. Aldermen of London.
The names of Wards on the East part of Walbrooke are these.
-
1 Portsoken warde without the wals.
-
5 Bishopsgate warde within the wals and without.
-
12 Walbrooke warde.
-
13 Downgate warde.
The Wards on the west side of Walbrooke are these.
-
14 Vintry warde.
-
16 Cheape warde.
-
19 Criplesgate warde. within and without.
-
20 Aldersgate ward within and without.
-
26 The Bridge warde without, in the Brugh of Southwarke.
SEing that of euery of these Wardes: I haue
to say somewhat: I wil beginne with Port
soken warde, without Ealdgate.
to say somewhat: I wil beginne with Port
soken warde, without Ealdgate.
This Portsoken, which soundeth as
much as the Franchise at the gate, was
sometime a Guilde, and had this beginning,
as I haue reade. In the daies of king Edgar,
more then 600. yeres since, there were thirteene Knights (or sol
diers) welbeloued to the king and realme (for seruice by them done)
which requested to haue a certain portion of land on the East part
of the Citie, left desolate, and forsaken, by the inhabitants, by rea
son of too much seruitude. They besought the king to haue this
land, with the Libertie of a Guilde for euer: the king granted to
their request with conditions following: that is, that each of them
should victoriously accomplish thrée combates, one aboue the
ground, one vnder ground, and the thirde in the water, and after
this at a certaine day in East Smithfield, they should run with
speares against all comners, all which was gloriously performed:
and the same day the king named it knighten Guilde, and so boun
ded it, from Ealdgate to the place where the bars now are toward
the East, on both the sides of the streete, and extended it towardes
the North, and the gate now since called Bishopsgate, vnto the
and then of the heires of Coluer, after that of Iohn Esseby, but
since of the Lord Bourchier,&c. And againe towardes the South
vnto the Riuer of Thames, and so far into the water, as a horse
man entering the same may ryde at a low water, and throw his
speare: so that all East Smithfielde, with the right part of the
streete that goeth to Dodding Pond into the Thames, and also
the Hospitall of S. Katherins, with the Mils, that were founded
in king Stephens daies, and the outward stone wall, and the new
ditch of the Tower are of the saide Fee and Libertie : for the saide
wall and ditch of the Tower, were made in the time of king Rich
arde, when he was in the holy Land, by William Longshamp
Bishop of Ely, as before I haue noted vnto you. These knightes
had as then none other Charter, by all the daies of Edgar, Ethel
red, and Cnutus, vntil the time of Edward the Confessor, whom
the heires of those knightes humblie besought to confirme their
Liberties, whereunto he gratiously graunting, gaue them a deed
Trinitie, written in the Saxon letter and tongue. After this king
William the sonne of William the Conqueror, made a confirma
tion of the same Liberties, vnto the heires of these knightes, in
these wordes. Wiliam king of Englande to Maurice Bishop
and Godfrey de Magum, and Richarde de Parr, and to his
faithfull people of London, greeting, know yee mee to haue
graunted to the men of Knighten Guilde, the Guilde that
belonged to them, and the Land that belonged thereunto,
with all Customes, as they had the same in the time of king
Edward, and my Father. Witnesse Hugh de Bucke: at Rething.
After him, king Henry the first confirmed the same by his Char
ter, to the like effect, the recitall whereof, I pretermit for breui
ties sake. After which time, the Church of the holy Trinitie
within Ealdgate of London, being founded by Queene Matilde
wife to the saide Henry, the multitude of Brethren praising God
day and night therein, in short time so increased, that all the Citie
was delighted in the beholding of them: insomuch that in the yere
1115. certaine Burgeses of London, of the progeny of those noble
English knightes to wit Radulphus Fitzalgod, Wilmarde le
stanus, and Alwine his kinsman, and Robert his brother, the
sonnes of Leafstanus the Goldsmith, Wizo his sonne, Hugh Fitz
vulgar, Algare Secusme, comming together into the Chapter
house of the saide church of the Holy Trinity, gaue to the same
Church and Canons seruing God therein, all the Landes and
Soke called in English Knighten Guilde, which lieth to the
wall of the Citie, without the same gate, and stretcheth to the ri
uer of Thames, they gaue it, I say, taking vpon them the Brother
hoode and participation of the benefites of that house by the hands
of Prior Norman. And the better to confirme this their grant,
they offered vpon the Altar there, the Charter of Edwarde toge
ther with the other Charters, which they had thereof: and after
warde they did put the foresaide Prior in seisine thereof, by the
Church of S. Buttolphes which is builded thereon, and is the
head of that land: These things were thus done, before Barnarde
Prior of Dunstable, Iohn Prior of Derland, Geffery Glinton
Chamberlain, and many other Clarks and Laymen, French &
English, Orgar le Prude (one of their Companie) was sent to
King Henry, beseeching him to confirm their gifte, which the king
gladly granted, by this deede following. Henry king of Eng
land to R B. of London; to the Shiriffes, and Prouost, and to al
his Barons, and faithfull people, French and English, of London
firmed to the Church and Canons of the Holy Trinitie of Lon
don, the Soke of the English knighten Guild, and the land which
pertayneth thereunto, and the Church of S. Buttolph, as the
men of the same Guilde haue giuen, and granted vnto them: and
I will and straightlie commande that they may holde the same
well and honorably and freely,|with sacke, and soke, Toll, and
Thea, infangthefe and all customes belonging to it, as the men of
the same Guilde in best sort had the same in the time of king Ed
warde, and as king William my Father, and brother57 did grant
it to them by their writs. Witnesse A. the Queene Geffery Glin
ton the Chauncelor, and VVilliam of Glinton at Wodstocke.
Al these prescribed writinges (saith my booke), which sometime be
longed to the Priorie of the Holy Trinitie, are registred in the end
marked with the Letter C. folio 134. The king sent also his
Shiriffes to wit, Albert de Vere, aud Roger nephew to Hubert
which vpon his behalfe should inuest this Church, with the pos
session hereof which the saide Shiriffes accomplished comming v
pon the ground, Andrew Bucheuite, andthe forenamed witnes
ses, and other standing by, notwithstanding Othowerus Acoli
ui58llus Otto, and Geffery Earle of Essex, Constables of the
Tower, by succession, withheld by force, a portion of the saide land
as I haue before deliuered. The Prior and Chanons of the Holy
Trinity, being thus seised of the saide Land and Soke, of Knigh
ten Guilde, a parte of the Suburbe without the wall, (but within
the Liberties of the Citie) the same Prior was for him, and his
Successors, admitted as one of the Aldermen of London, to go
uerne the same Land and Soke: according to the Customes of the
Citie, he did sit in Courte and road with the Maior, and his Bre
thren the Aldermen, as one of them in Scarlet, or other Liuery,
as they vsed vntil the yere 1531.at the which time, the said Prio
ry by the last Prior there, was surrendred to king Henry the eight,
in the 23. of his raigne. Who gaue this Priorie to Sir Thomas
Audley, Knight, Lord Chauncelor of England, & he pulled down
the church. Sithens the which dissolution of that house, the said
Ward of Portsoken, hath been gouerned by a temporall man one
of the Aldermen of London, elected by the Citizens, as be the Al
dermen of other wardes. Thus much for the out boundes of
Cnitten Guilde, or Portsoken Warde, and for the antiquitie
and gouernment thereof.
much as the Franchise at the gate, was
sometime a Guilde, and had this beginning,
as I haue reade. In the daies of king Edgar,
more then 600. yeres since, there were thirteene Knights (or sol
diers) welbeloued to the king and realme (for seruice by them done)
which requested to haue a certain portion of land on the East part
of the Citie, left desolate, and forsaken, by the inhabitants, by rea
son of too much seruitude. They besought the king to haue this
land, with the Libertie of a Guilde for euer: the king granted to
their request with conditions following: that is, that each of them
should victoriously accomplish thrée combates, one aboue the
ground, one vnder ground, and the thirde in the water, and after
this at a certaine day in East Smithfield, they should run with
speares against all comners, all which was gloriously performed:
and the same day the king named it knighten Guilde, and so boun
ded it, from Ealdgate to the place where the bars now are toward
the East, on both the sides of the streete, and extended it towardes
the North, and the gate now since called Bishopsgate, vnto the
G 3
house
86
house then
of VVilliam Presbiter, after of Geffery Tannar,and then of the heires of Coluer, after that of Iohn Esseby, but
since of the Lord Bourchier,&c. And againe towardes the South
vnto the Riuer of Thames, and so far into the water, as a horse
man entering the same may ryde at a low water, and throw his
speare: so that all East Smithfielde, with the right part of the
streete that goeth to Dodding Pond into the Thames, and also
the Hospitall of S. Katherins, with the Mils, that were founded
in king Stephens daies, and the outward stone wall, and the new
ditch of the Tower are of the saide Fee and Libertie : for the saide
wall and ditch of the Tower, were made in the time of king Rich
arde, when he was in the holy Land, by William Longshamp
Bishop of Ely, as before I haue noted vnto you. These knightes
had as then none other Charter, by all the daies of Edgar, Ethel
red, and Cnutus, vntil the time of Edward the Confessor, whom
the heires of those knightes humblie besought to confirme their
Liberties, whereunto he gratiously graunting, gaue them a deed
Liber Trinitate
thereof, as appeareth in the booke of the late house of the holieTrinitie, written in the Saxon letter and tongue. After this king
William the sonne of William the Conqueror, made a confirma
tion of the same Liberties, vnto the heires of these knightes, in
these wordes. Wiliam king of Englande to Maurice Bishop
and Godfrey de Magum, and Richarde de Parr, and to his
faithfull people of London, greeting, know yee mee to haue
graunted to the men of Knighten Guilde, the Guilde that
belonged to them, and the Land that belonged thereunto,
with all Customes, as they had the same in the time of king
Edward, and my Father. Witnesse Hugh de Bucke: at Rething.
After him, king Henry the first confirmed the same by his Char
ter, to the like effect, the recitall whereof, I pretermit for breui
ties sake. After which time, the Church of the holy Trinitie
within Ealdgate of London, being founded by Queene Matilde
wife to the saide Henry, the multitude of Brethren praising God
day and night therein, in short time so increased, that all the Citie
was delighted in the beholding of them: insomuch that in the yere
1115. certaine Burgeses of London, of the progeny of those noble
English knightes to wit Radulphus Fitzalgod, Wilmarde le
Deuereshe
87
Deuereshe, Orgare le Prude, Edward Hupcornehill, Blackstanus, and Alwine his kinsman, and Robert his brother, the
sonnes of Leafstanus the Goldsmith, Wizo his sonne, Hugh Fitz
vulgar, Algare Secusme, comming together into the Chapter
house of the saide church of the Holy Trinity, gaue to the same
Church and Canons seruing God therein, all the Landes and
Soke called in English Knighten Guilde, which lieth to the
wall of the Citie, without the same gate, and stretcheth to the ri
uer of Thames, they gaue it, I say, taking vpon them the Brother
hoode and participation of the benefites of that house by the hands
of Prior Norman. And the better to confirme this their grant,
they offered vpon the Altar there, the Charter of Edwarde toge
ther with the other Charters, which they had thereof: and after
warde they did put the foresaide Prior in seisine thereof, by the
Church of S. Buttolphes which is builded thereon, and is the
head of that land: These things were thus done, before Barnarde
Prior of Dunstable, Iohn Prior of Derland, Geffery Glinton
Chamberlain, and many other Clarks and Laymen, French &
English, Orgar le Prude (one of their Companie) was sent to
King Henry, beseeching him to confirm their gifte, which the king
gladly granted, by this deede following. Henry king of Eng
land to R B. of London; to the Shiriffes, and Prouost, and to al
his Barons, and faithfull people, French and English, of London
Barons of
London.
and
Middlesex, greeting. Know ye me to haue granted, and conLondon.
firmed to the Church and Canons of the Holy Trinitie of Lon
don, the Soke of the English knighten Guild, and the land which
pertayneth thereunto, and the Church of S. Buttolph, as the
men of the same Guilde haue giuen, and granted vnto them: and
I will and straightlie commande that they may holde the same
well and honorably and freely,|with sacke, and soke, Toll, and
Thea, infangthefe and all customes belonging to it, as the men of
the same Guilde in best sort had the same in the time of king Ed
warde, and as king William my Father, and brother57 did grant
it to them by their writs. Witnesse A. the Queene Geffery Glin
ton the Chauncelor, and VVilliam of Glinton at Wodstocke.
Al these prescribed writinges (saith my booke), which sometime be
longed to the Priorie of the Holy Trinitie, are registred in the end
G4
of
88
of the booke
of Remembrances of the Guildhall of London,marked with the Letter C. folio 134. The king sent also his
Shiriffes to wit, Albert de Vere, aud Roger nephew to Hubert
which vpon his behalfe should inuest this Church, with the pos
session hereof which the saide Shiriffes accomplished comming v
pon the ground, Andrew Bucheuite, andthe forenamed witnes
ses, and other standing by, notwithstanding Othowerus Acoli
ui58llus Otto, and Geffery Earle of Essex, Constables of the
Tower, by succession, withheld by force, a portion of the saide land
as I haue before deliuered. The Prior and Chanons of the Holy
Trinity, being thus seised of the saide Land and Soke, of Knigh
ten Guilde, a parte of the Suburbe without the wall, (but within
the Liberties of the Citie) the same Prior was for him, and his
Successors, admitted as one of the Aldermen of London, to go
uerne the same Land and Soke: according to the Customes of the
Citie, he did sit in Courte and road with the Maior, and his Bre
thren the Aldermen, as one of them in Scarlet, or other Liuery,
as they vsed vntil the yere 1531.at the which time, the said Prio
ry by the last Prior there, was surrendred to king Henry the eight,
in the 23. of his raigne. Who gaue this Priorie to Sir Thomas
Audley, Knight, Lord Chauncelor of England, & he pulled down
the church. Sithens the which dissolution of that house, the said
Ward of Portsoken, hath been gouerned by a temporall man one
of the Aldermen of London, elected by the Citizens, as be the Al
dermen of other wardes. Thus much for the out boundes of
Cnitten Guilde, or Portsoken Warde, and for the antiquitie
and gouernment thereof.
Now of the parts therein, this is specially to be noted. First
the East part of the Tower standeth there, then an Hospitall of
S. Katherines founded by Matilde the Queene, wife to king
Stephen, by licence of the Prior and Couent of the Holy Trinitie
in London on whose ground shee founded it. Helianor the Queen
wife to king Edward the first, appointed there to bee a Maister,
three Brethren Chaplens, and three Sistars. ten poore woemen,
and six poore Clarkes, Queene Philip60 wife to king Edwarde
the third, founded a Chantry there, and gaue to that Hospitall
x £. land by yeare, it was of late time called a free chappell, a col
late yeares was not much inferior to that of Paules, was dissolued
by D. Wilson a late maister there, ye brethrē & Sistars remaining:
this house was valued at 315.£.14.s̃.ij.pence, being now of late
yeres inclosed about (or pestered with small tenements, and home
ly cottages, hauing inhabitants, English and strangers, more in
number then some Cittie in England. There lye buried in this
Church the Countesse of Huntington, Countesse of the March,
in her time 1429. Iohn Holland Duke of Excester and Earle
of Huntington 1447. in a fayre tombe on the North side the
quire, Thomas Walsingham Esquire, and Thomas Ballarde
Esquire by him 1465. Thomas Flemming Knight 1466.
the East part of the Tower standeth there, then an Hospitall of
S. Katherines founded by Matilde the Queene, wife to king
Stephen, by licence of the Prior and Couent of the Holy Trinitie
in London on whose ground shee founded it. Helianor the Queen
wife to king Edward the first, appointed there to bee a Maister,
three Brethren Chaplens, and three Sistars. ten poore woemen,
and six poore Clarkes, Queene Philip60 wife to king Edwarde
the third, founded a Chantry there, and gaue to that Hospitall
x £. land by yeare, it was of late time called a free chappell, a col
ledge
89
ledge, and an
Hospitall for poore Sisters. The Quire which oflate yeares was not much inferior to that of Paules, was dissolued
by D. Wilson a late maister there, ye brethrē & Sistars remaining:
this house was valued at 315.£.14.s̃.ij.pence, being now of late
yeres inclosed about (or pestered with small tenements, and home
ly cottages, hauing inhabitants, English and strangers, more in
number then some Cittie in England. There lye buried in this
Church the Countesse of Huntington, Countesse of the March,
in her time 1429. Iohn Holland Duke of Excester and Earle
of Huntington 1447. in a fayre tombe on the North side the
quire, Thomas Walsingham Esquire, and Thomas Ballarde
Esquire by him 1465. Thomas Flemming Knight 1466.
On the East and by North of the Tower, lieth
Eastsmithfield
and Tower hill, two plots of ground so called, without the wall
of the Citie, and East from them both was sometime a monaste
rie called new Abbey, founded by King Edward the third, in the
yeare 1359. vpon occasion as followeth.
and Tower hill, two plots of ground so called, without the wall
of the Citie, and East from them both was sometime a monaste
rie called new Abbey, founded by King Edward the third, in the
yeare 1359. vpon occasion as followeth.
In the yeare 1348.the 23. of Edward the third, the first great
pestilence in his time beganne, and increased so sore, that for want
of roome in Churchyardes to burie the dead of the citie, and of the
of the holy Trinitie within Ealdegate, one Toft of ground néere
vnto Eastsmithfield, for ye burial of them that died, with condition
that it might be called the Church yard of the holy Trinity, which
ground he caused by the aide of diuers deuout citizen to bee inclosed
with a wall of stone. Robert Elsing sonne of VVilliam Elsing
gaue fiue pound thereunto: and the same was dedicated by Raph
Stratford Bishop of London, where innumerable bodies of the
dead were afterwards buried, & a chappell built in the same place,
to ye honor of God: to the which, K. Edward setting his eie (hauing
before in a tempest on the sea and perill of drowning made a vowe
to build a monastery to the honour of God, and our Lady of grace,
if God would graunt him grace, to come safe to land) builded there
a monasterie, placing an Abbot, and monkes of the Cistercian (or
white) order. The boundes of this plot of grounde together with
a decrée for Tythes thereof, are expressed in the Charter, the effect
late generall suppression was valued at 546.£.x.ď. yearely, it was
surrendered in the yeare 1539. the 30. of Henry the eight, since
the which time, the said monastery being cleane pulled downe, by
Sir Arthur Darcy knight and other, of late time in place there
of is builded a large Store house for victuailes, and conuenient O
uens are builded there, for baking of bisket to serue her Maiesties
shippes. The groundes adioyning belonging to the saide Abbey
are imployed in building of small tenementes: for Tower hill, as
the same is greatly diminished by building of tenements & garden
plottes, &c. So it is of late, to wit in the yeare of Christ 1593. on
the North side thereof, and at the West end of Hogstréete, beauti
fyed by certaine fayre Almes houses. there strongly builded of
Bricke and timber & couered with slate for the poore, by the Mar
chant Taylors of London, in place of some small cottages, giuen
to them by Richard Hilles sometime a Maister of that company
certaine timber for that vse, being also giuen by Anthonie Rad
cliffe of the same societie Alderman. In these Almes houses 14.
charitable brethren of the said marchant Taylors yet liuing haue
placed 14. poore sole women, which receiue each of them of their
founder sixtéene pence (or better) wéekely, besides viii.£.xv s̃.
yearely, paide out of the common Treasurie of the same corpora
tion, for fewell.
pestilence in his time beganne, and increased so sore, that for want
of roome in Churchyardes to burie the dead of the citie, and of the
Buriall for the
dead, prepared
in time of pe
stilence.
suburbes, one Iohn Corey clearke,
procured of Nicholas Priordead, prepared
in time of pe
stilence.
of the holy Trinitie within Ealdegate, one Toft of ground néere
vnto Eastsmithfield, for ye burial of them that died, with condition
that it might be called the Church yard of the holy Trinity, which
ground he caused by the aide of diuers deuout citizen to bee inclosed
with a wall of stone. Robert Elsing sonne of VVilliam Elsing
gaue fiue pound thereunto: and the same was dedicated by Raph
Stratford Bishop of London, where innumerable bodies of the
dead were afterwards buried, & a chappell built in the same place,
to ye honor of God: to the which, K. Edward setting his eie (hauing
before in a tempest on the sea and perill of drowning made a vowe
to build a monastery to the honour of God, and our Lady of grace,
if God would graunt him grace, to come safe to land) builded there
a monasterie, placing an Abbot, and monkes of the Cistercian (or
white) order. The boundes of this plot of grounde together with
a decrée for Tythes thereof, are expressed in the Charter, the effect
G5
whereof
90
whereof I
haue set downe in an other place. This house at thelate generall suppression was valued at 546.£.x.ď. yearely, it was
surrendered in the yeare 1539. the 30. of Henry the eight, since
the which time, the said monastery being cleane pulled downe, by
Sir Arthur Darcy knight and other, of late time in place there
of is builded a large Store house for victuailes, and conuenient O
uens are builded there, for baking of bisket to serue her Maiesties
shippes. The groundes adioyning belonging to the saide Abbey
are imployed in building of small tenementes: for Tower hill, as
the same is greatly diminished by building of tenements & garden
plottes, &c. So it is of late, to wit in the yeare of Christ 1593. on
the North side thereof, and at the West end of Hogstréete, beauti
fyed by certaine fayre Almes houses. there strongly builded of
Bricke and timber & couered with slate for the poore, by the Mar
chant Taylors of London, in place of some small cottages, giuen
to them by Richard Hilles sometime a Maister of that company
certaine timber for that vse, being also giuen by Anthonie Rad
cliffe of the same societie Alderman. In these Almes houses 14.
charitable brethren of the said marchant Taylors yet liuing haue
placed 14. poore sole women, which receiue each of them of their
founder sixtéene pence (or better) wéekely, besides viii.£.xv s̃.
yearely, paide out of the common Treasurie of the same corpora
tion, for fewell.
Frō ye west part of this Tower
hil, towards Ealdegate being a
long continual stréet, amongst other smaller buildings in that row
there was sometimes an Abbey of Nunnes of the order of Saynt
Clare, called the Minories, founded by Edmund Earle of Lan
caster, Leycester and Darbie, brother to King Edward the first,
in the yeare 1293, the length of which Abbey contayned 15. per
ches and seuen foote, neere vnto the kings stréete, or high way, &c.
as appeareth by a déede dated 1303. This house was valued to
dispend 418.£.8.s̃.v.ď. yearely, and was surrendered by Dame
Elizabeth Saluage, the last Abbeyes there, vnto King Henry
the eyght, in the 30. of his raigne, the yeare of Christ 1539.
long continual stréet, amongst other smaller buildings in that row
there was sometimes an Abbey of Nunnes of the order of Saynt
Clare, called the Minories, founded by Edmund Earle of Lan
caster, Leycester and Darbie, brother to King Edward the first,
in the yeare 1293, the length of which Abbey contayned 15. per
ches and seuen foote, neere vnto the kings stréete, or high way, &c.
as appeareth by a déede dated 1303. This house was valued to
dispend 418.£.8.s̃.v.ď. yearely, and was surrendered by Dame
Elizabeth Saluage, the last Abbeyes there, vnto King Henry
the eyght, in the 30. of his raigne, the yeare of Christ 1539.
In place of this house of Nunnes, is now builded diuers faire
and large store houses, for armour, and habiliments of war, with
and large store houses, for armour, and habiliments of war, with
Store house
for armour.
diuers worke houses seruing to the
same purpose: there is a small
for armour.
parrish
91
parrish
Church for inhabitants of the close, called S.
Trinities.
Néere adioyning vnto this Abbey on the South side thereof,
was sometime a Farme, belonging to the said Nunnerie, at the
which I my selfe in my youth haue fetched many a halfe pennie
worth of milke, and neuer had lesse then thrée Ale pints for a half
penie in ye sommer, nor lesse then one Ale quart for a halfpennie in
the winter, alwaies hot from the cow, as the same was milked
and strained. One Trolop, and afterwardes Goodman, were
the Farmers there, and had 30. or 40. kine to the payle. Good
mans sonne being heyre thereof, let out the ground first for gra
zing of horse, and then for garden plottes, and liued like a gentle
man thereby. On thother side of that stréete, lyeth the ditch with
out the walles of the citie, which of old time was vsed to lie open,
and was alwaies from time to time cleansed from filth and mud,
as neede required, and was of great breadth and so déepe, that di
uers watring horses, where they thought it shallowest, were
drowned both horse and man. But now of latter time, the same
ditch is inclosed, and the bankes thereof let out for garden plottes,
carpenters yardes, bowling Allies, and diuers houses bee thereon
builded, whereby the ditch is filled vp, and made shallow enough.
was sometime a Farme, belonging to the said Nunnerie, at the
which I my selfe in my youth haue fetched many a halfe pennie
worth of milke, and neuer had lesse then thrée Ale pints for a half
penie in ye sommer, nor lesse then one Ale quart for a halfpennie in
the winter, alwaies hot from the cow, as the same was milked
and strained. One Trolop, and afterwardes Goodman, were
the Farmers there, and had 30. or 40. kine to the payle. Good
mans sonne being heyre thereof, let out the ground first for gra
zing of horse, and then for garden plottes, and liued like a gentle
man thereby. On thother side of that stréete, lyeth the ditch with
out the walles of the citie, which of old time was vsed to lie open,
and was alwaies from time to time cleansed from filth and mud,
as neede required, and was of great breadth and so déepe, that di
uers watring horses, where they thought it shallowest, were
drowned both horse and man. But now of latter time, the same
ditch is inclosed, and the bankes thereof let out for garden plottes,
carpenters yardes, bowling Allies, and diuers houses bee thereon
builded, whereby the ditch is filled vp, and made shallow enough.
From Ealdegate East, lyeth a large stréete, and high
way,
sometime replenished with few, but fayre and cleanly buildinges:
on the North side whereof the first building was the parish church
of Saint Buttolph, in a large cemitorie, or church yarde. This
church hath beene lately new builded at the speciall charges of the
the Armes of that house engrauen on the stone worke. The pa
rishioners of this parish being of late yeares mightily increased,
the church is pestered with lofts & seates for them. Monuments in
this Church there are few: Iohn Romany Ollarie & Agnes his
wife were buried thereabout 1408. Richard Chester Alderman,
one of the Sheriffes 1484. Thomas, Lord Darcy of the North,
knight of the Garter beheaded 1537. Sir Nicolas Carew of Be
dington in Surrey, knight of the Garter beheaded, 1538. Sir Ar
thur Darcy, youngest sonne to Thomas Lorde Darcie, decea
sed at the newe Abbey on the Tower hill, was buried there.
East from this parrish church there were certain fayre Innes, for
end, somewhat within the Barres, a marke shewing howe farre
the liberties of the Citie do extend.
sometime replenished with few, but fayre and cleanly buildinges:
on the North side whereof the first building was the parish church
of Saint Buttolph, in a large cemitorie, or church yarde. This
church hath beene lately new builded at the speciall charges of the
Parish Church
of S. Buttolph
Priors of the holy Trinitie, patrons
thereof, as it appeareth byof S. Buttolph
the Armes of that house engrauen on the stone worke. The pa
rishioners of this parish being of late yeares mightily increased,
the church is pestered with lofts & seates for them. Monuments in
this Church there are few: Iohn Romany Ollarie & Agnes his
wife were buried thereabout 1408. Richard Chester Alderman,
one of the Sheriffes 1484. Thomas, Lord Darcy of the North,
knight of the Garter beheaded 1537. Sir Nicolas Carew of Be
dington in Surrey, knight of the Garter beheaded, 1538. Sir Ar
thur Darcy, youngest sonne to Thomas Lorde Darcie, decea
sed at the newe Abbey on the Tower hill, was buried there.
East from this parrish church there were certain fayre Innes, for
receipt
92
receipt of
trauellers, repayring to the citie, vp towards Hog
laneend, somewhat within the Barres, a marke shewing howe farre
the liberties of the Citie do extend.
This Hogge lane stretcheth North to Saint Mary Spittle,
without Bishopsgate, and within these fortie foure yeares last, had
on both sides fayre hedgerowes of Ealme trées, with bridges and
easie styles to passe ouer into the pleasant fieldes, very commodi
ous for citizens therein to walke, shoote, and otherwise to recre
ate and refresh their dulled spirites in the swéete and wholesome
ayre, which is now within few yeares made a continual building
throughout, of garden houses, and small cottages: & the fields on ei
ther sides be turned into garden plottes, teynter yardes, bowling
Alleyes, and such like, from Hounds ditch in the West, so farre
as White chappel, and further in the East. The South side of the
high way from Ealdegate had some few tenements thinly scatte
red here and there, with much voyde space betweene them, vp to
the said Barre, but now that stréete is not onely fully replenished
with buildings, outwarde, and also pestered with diuers Allies,
on eyther side to the Barres, but also euen to White chappell,and
beyond.
without Bishopsgate, and within these fortie foure yeares last, had
on both sides fayre hedgerowes of Ealme trées, with bridges and
easie styles to passe ouer into the pleasant fieldes, very commodi
ous for citizens therein to walke, shoote, and otherwise to recre
ate and refresh their dulled spirites in the swéete and wholesome
ayre, which is now within few yeares made a continual building
throughout, of garden houses, and small cottages: & the fields on ei
ther sides be turned into garden plottes, teynter yardes, bowling
Alleyes, and such like, from Hounds ditch in the West, so farre
as White chappel, and further in the East. The South side of the
high way from Ealdegate had some few tenements thinly scatte
red here and there, with much voyde space betweene them, vp to
the said Barre, but now that stréete is not onely fully replenished
with buildings, outwarde, and also pestered with diuers Allies,
on eyther side to the Barres, but also euen to White chappell,and
beyond.
From Aldegate Northwest to Bishopsgate, lyeth the ditch of
the citie in that part called Hounds ditch, for that in old time when
the same lay open much filth (conueyed forth of the citie) especial
ly dead dogges was there laid or cast: wherefore of latter time a
mudde wall was made inclosing the ditch, to kéepe out the laying
of such filth as had beene accustomed. Ouer against this mudde
wall on the other side of the stréete, was a fayre fielde, sometime
belonging to the Priory of the Trinitie, and since by Sir Tho
mas Audley giuen to Magdalen Colledge in Cambridge: this
field (as all other about the citie) was inclosed, reseruing open pas
sage there into, for such as were disposed. Towards the stréet were
some small cottages, of two stories high, and little garden plottes
backewarde, for poore bedred people (for in that stréete dwelt none
other) builded by some Prior of the holy Trinitie, to whom that
ground belonged. In my youth I remember, devout people as
specially on Frydayes weekely to walke that way purposely, and
man lying in their bed within their window, which was towards
the streete open so low, that euery man might see them, a cleane
linnen cloth lying in their window, and a payre of beades to shew
that there lay a bedred bodie vnable but to pray onely. This stréet
was first paued in the year 1503. about the later raign of Henry
ye eight, thrée brethren that were Gunfounders surnamed Owens61,
gate ground there to build vpon and to inclose for casting of brasse
ordinance.
the citie in that part called Hounds ditch, for that in old time when
the same lay open much filth (conueyed forth of the citie) especial
ly dead dogges was there laid or cast: wherefore of latter time a
mudde wall was made inclosing the ditch, to kéepe out the laying
of such filth as had beene accustomed. Ouer against this mudde
wall on the other side of the stréete, was a fayre fielde, sometime
belonging to the Priory of the Trinitie, and since by Sir Tho
mas Audley giuen to Magdalen Colledge in Cambridge: this
field (as all other about the citie) was inclosed, reseruing open pas
sage there into, for such as were disposed. Towards the stréet were
some small cottages, of two stories high, and little garden plottes
backewarde, for poore bedred people (for in that stréete dwelt none
other) builded by some Prior of the holy Trinitie, to whom that
ground belonged. In my youth I remember, devout people as
Bedred peo
ple in Hounds
ditch.
well men as women
of this citie, were accustomed oftentimes eple in Hounds
ditch.
specially on Frydayes weekely to walke that way purposely, and
there
93
there to
bestow their charitable almes, euery poore man or woman lying in their bed within their window, which was towards
the streete open so low, that euery man might see them, a cleane
linnen cloth lying in their window, and a payre of beades to shew
that there lay a bedred bodie vnable but to pray onely. This stréet
was first paued in the year 1503. about the later raign of Henry
ye eight, thrée brethren that were Gunfounders surnamed Owens61,
gate ground there to build vpon and to inclose for casting of brasse
ordinance.
These occupied a good part of ye stréet on the field side, and in
short
time diuers other also builded there, so that the poore bedred people
were worne out, and in place of their homely cottages, such houses
builded, as do rather want roome, then rent. The residue of the field
was for the most part made into a garden, by a Gardener, named
Casway, one that serued the markets, with hearbes and rootes,
and in the last yeare of King Edward the sixt, the same was par
celled into gardens, wherein are now many fayre houses of plea
sure buildéd. On the ditch side of this streete, the mudde wall is
also by little and little all taken downe, the banke of the ditch be
ing raysed made leuel ground, and turned into garden plottes, and
Carpenters yardes, and many large houses are there builded, by
which meanes the ditch is filled vp, and both the ditch and wall so
hidden that they cannot be seene of the passers by. This Port
soken warde hath an Alderman and his deputie, common coun
time diuers other also builded there, so that the poore bedred people
were worne out, and in place of their homely cottages, such houses
builded, as do rather want roome, then rent. The residue of the field
was for the most part made into a garden, by a Gardener, named
Casway, one that serued the markets, with hearbes and rootes,
and in the last yeare of King Edward the sixt, the same was par
celled into gardens, wherein are now many fayre houses of plea
sure buildéd. On the ditch side of this streete, the mudde wall is
also by little and little all taken downe, the banke of the ditch be
ing raysed made leuel ground, and turned into garden plottes, and
Carpenters yardes, and many large houses are there builded, by
which meanes the ditch is filled vp, and both the ditch and wall so
hidden that they cannot be seene of the passers by. This Port
soken warde hath an Alderman and his deputie, common coun
sellors sixe, Constables foure, Scauengers
foure, for the
Wardemote inquest eighteene, and a Beadle, to at
tend vpon them all, to the Fiftéene it is
ceased at ix.pound.
Wardemote inquest eighteene, and a Beadle, to at
tend vpon them all, to the Fiftéene it is
ceased at ix.pound.
Tower
94
THe first Warde in the East parte of this ci
tie within the wall, is called Towerstreete
Warde, and extendeth along the riuer of
Thames, from the said Tower in the East,
almost to Belingsgate in the West: One
halfe of the Tower, the ditch on the West
side and bulwarkes adioyning do stand with
in that parte, where the wall of the Citie of
old went, straight from the Posterne gate, South to the Riuer of
Thames, before that the Tower was builded. From and with
sometime a large plot of grounde nowe greatly strengthened by
meanes of incrochments, (vnlawfully made and suffred) for gar
dens and houses, some on the banke of the Tower ditch, (where
by the ditch is marred) but more neere vnto the wall of the Citie
from the Posterne North till ouer against the principall fore gate
of the Lord Lumleyes house, &c. But the Tower warde goeth
no further that way. Upon this hil is alwayes readily prepared at
the charges of the Citie a large Scaffold, and gallowes of timber,
for the execution of such traitors or other transgressors, as are de
liuered out of the Tower, or otherwise to the Sheriffesof Lon
don by writ there to be executed. I reade that in the fift of King
Edward the fourth
by other the kinges officers, and not of the Cities charges, where
vpon the Mayor and his brethren complained, but were answered
by the king, that the Tower hill was of the libertie of the Citie,
And whatsoeuer was done in that point was not in derogation of
the citties liberties, and therevpon commanded proclamation to
be made, aswell within the citie as in the suburbes, as followeth:
, gallowes were erect and set vppe besides our Tower of London,
within the liberties and franchises of our Citie of London, in de
The king our soueraigne Lord would it be certainly vnderstood,
that the erection and setting vp of the saide gallowes was not done
by his commaundement, wherfore the King our soueraigne Lord
willeth that the erection and setting vp of the said gallowes be not
any president or example thereby hereafter to bee taken, in hurt,
preiudice, or derogation, of the franchises, liberties, & priuiledges,
of the said Citie, which hee at all times hath had, & hath in his be
neuolence tender fauour and good grace &c. Apud Westminst. 9.
die Nouemb. Anno Regni nostri quinto. On the North side
of this hill, is the said Lord Lumleyes house, and on the West side
diuers houses lately builded, and other incrochments along south
to Chicke lane, and to Berwardes lane, on the East of Barking
Church, at the end whereof you haue Tower stréete stretching
from the Tower hill, West to Saint Margeret Pattens church
Parsonage.
tie within the wall, is called Towerstreete
Warde, and extendeth along the riuer of
Thames, from the said Tower in the East,
almost to Belingsgate in the West: One
halfe of the Tower, the ditch on the West
side and bulwarkes adioyning do stand with
in that parte, where the wall of the Citie of
old went, straight from the Posterne gate, South to the Riuer of
Thames, before that the Tower was builded. From and with
Tower hill.
out the Tower
ditch West and by North is the said Tower hillsometime a large plot of grounde nowe greatly strengthened by
meanes of incrochments, (vnlawfully made and suffred) for gar
dens and houses, some on the banke of the Tower ditch, (where
by the ditch is marred) but more neere vnto the wall of the Citie
from the Posterne North till ouer against the principall fore gate
of the Lord Lumleyes house, &c. But the Tower warde goeth
no further that way. Upon this hil is alwayes readily prepared at
the charges of the Citie a large Scaffold, and gallowes of timber,
for the execution of such traitors or other transgressors, as are de
liuered out of the Tower, or otherwise to the Sheriffesof Lon
don by writ there to be executed. I reade that in the fift of King
Edward the fourth
Liberl. folio
40.
, a Scaffold and gallowes was there set
vppe40.
by other the kinges officers, and not of the Cities charges, where
vpon the Mayor and his brethren complained, but were answered
by the king, that the Tower hill was of the libertie of the Citie,
And whatsoeuer was done in that point was not in derogation of
the citties liberties, and therevpon commanded proclamation to
be made, aswell within the citie as in the suburbes, as followeth:
Proclamation
W. Dunthorne
For
as much; as the 7. day of this present moneth of
NouemberW. Dunthorne
, gallowes were erect and set vppe besides our Tower of London,
within the liberties and franchises of our Citie of London, in de
rogation
95
rogation
and preiudice of the liberties and franchises of the Citie,The king our soueraigne Lord would it be certainly vnderstood,
that the erection and setting vp of the saide gallowes was not done
by his commaundement, wherfore the King our soueraigne Lord
willeth that the erection and setting vp of the said gallowes be not
any president or example thereby hereafter to bee taken, in hurt,
preiudice, or derogation, of the franchises, liberties, & priuiledges,
of the said Citie, which hee at all times hath had, & hath in his be
neuolence tender fauour and good grace &c. Apud Westminst. 9.
die Nouemb. Anno Regni nostri quinto. On the North side
of this hill, is the said Lord Lumleyes house, and on the West side
diuers houses lately builded, and other incrochments along south
to Chicke lane, and to Berwardes lane, on the East of Barking
Church, at the end whereof you haue Tower stréete stretching
from the Tower hill, West to Saint Margeret Pattens church
Parsonage.
Now therefore to beginne at the East end of the stréete, on
the North side, there is the fayre parish church called Alhallowes
Barking, which standeth in a large (but sometime far larger) ce
mitory or Churchyarde. On the North side thereof was some
time builded a fayre Chappell, founded by King Richard the first,
confirmed and augmented by king Edwarde the first. Edward
the fourth gaue licence to Iohn Earle of Worcester, to founde
there a brotherhood for a Maister and brethren, and he gaue to the
Custos of that fraternitie, which was Sir Iohn Scotte Knight,
Thomas Colt, Iohn Tate, and Iohn Croke, the Priorie of
Tottingbroke in the Countie of Surrey, with all the members
and appurtenances, and a parte of the Priorie of Okeborne in
Wiltshire both Priors Aliens, and appointed it to bee called the
Kinges Chappell or Chauntrie, In Capella beatæ Mariæ de
The kings
Chappell of
Barking. Barking. King Richard the third newe builded this Chappell,
and founded therein a Colledge of Priests &c. Robert Tate May
or of London in the yeare 1488. when he deceased, 1501. was
buried there. This Chappell and Colledge was suppressed and
pulled downe in the yeare 1548. the second of King Edwarde the
sixt, the ground was imploied as a garden plot, during the raignes
of King Edward, Quéene Mary, and part of Quéene Elizabeth,
thereon, & imployed as a fayre house of Marchants goods brought
from the sea, by Sir William VVinter &c. Monumentes in
the parish Church of Alhallowes Barking not defaced are these:
Sir Thomas Studinham, of Norwich diocesse Knight 1469.
Thomas Gilbart Draper and Marchant of the Staple 1483.
Iohn Bolt marchant of the Staple 1459. Sir Iohn Stile knight,
Draper, 1500. VVilliam Thinne Esquire, one of the clearks
in houshold to K. Henry the eight, 1546. Humfrey Monmouth
Draper, one of the Sheriffes, 1535. buried in the church yarde
VVilliam Denham, one of the Shiriffes, 1534. Henry
Howard Earle of Surrey beheaded 1546. Lord Ferrers, Ri
chard Browne Esquire, 1546. Phillip Dennis Esquire 1556.
Andrew Euenger Salter, VVilliam Robinson Mercer, Al
derman, 1552. William Armorer Clothworker Esquire, Gouer
nor of the Pages of honor, seruant to Henry the eyght, Edwarde
the sixt, & Quéene Mary, buried 1560. Besides which there be di
uers Tombes without inscription. By the West ende of this
parrish Church and Chappel, lieth Sydon lane, from Tower stréet
vp North to Hart stréete. In this Sydon lane diuers fayre and
large houses are builded, namely one bySir Iohn Allen, sometime
Mayor of London, and of counsell vnto King Henry the eight:
Sir Frauncis VValsingham Knight principall Secretarie to
the Quéenes Maiestie that now is, was lodged there, and so was
the Earle of Essex, &c. At the North West corner of this lane,
standeth a proper parrish Church of S. Olaue, which Church
together with some howses adioyning, and also with others
Monuments in this parish Churchof Saint Olaue be these: Ry
chard Cely, and Robart Cely, Felmongers, principall builders
and benefactors of this church: Dame Ioahan wife to Sir Iohn
Zouch 1439. Iohn Clarentiaulx Herralde 1427. Thomas
Sawle, Sir Richard Haddon Mercer, Mayor 1512. Thomas
Burnall Mercer 1548. Thomas Morley Gentleman 1566.
Sir Iohn Radcliffe Knight 1568. And Dame Anne his wife,
1585. Chapone a Florentine Gentleman 1582. Sir Hamond
Vaughan Knight, George Stoddard Merchant. &c.
the North side, there is the fayre parish church called Alhallowes
Barking, which standeth in a large (but sometime far larger) ce
mitory or Churchyarde. On the North side thereof was some
time builded a fayre Chappell, founded by King Richard the first,
confirmed and augmented by king Edwarde the first. Edward
the fourth gaue licence to Iohn Earle of Worcester, to founde
there a brotherhood for a Maister and brethren, and he gaue to the
Custos of that fraternitie, which was Sir Iohn Scotte Knight,
Thomas Colt, Iohn Tate, and Iohn Croke, the Priorie of
Tottingbroke in the Countie of Surrey, with all the members
and appurtenances, and a parte of the Priorie of Okeborne in
Wiltshire both Priors Aliens, and appointed it to bee called the
Kinges Chappell or Chauntrie, In Capella beatæ Mariæ de
The kings
Chappell of
Barking. Barking. King Richard the third newe builded this Chappell,
and founded therein a Colledge of Priests &c. Robert Tate May
or of London in the yeare 1488. when he deceased, 1501. was
buried there. This Chappell and Colledge was suppressed and
pulled downe in the yeare 1548. the second of King Edwarde the
sixt, the ground was imploied as a garden plot, during the raignes
of King Edward, Quéene Mary, and part of Quéene Elizabeth,
till
96
till at
length a large strong frame of timber and bricke was setthereon, & imployed as a fayre house of Marchants goods brought
from the sea, by Sir William VVinter &c. Monumentes in
the parish Church of Alhallowes Barking not defaced are these:
Sir Thomas Studinham, of Norwich diocesse Knight 1469.
Thomas Gilbart Draper and Marchant of the Staple 1483.
Iohn Bolt marchant of the Staple 1459. Sir Iohn Stile knight,
Draper, 1500. VVilliam Thinne Esquire, one of the clearks
in houshold to K. Henry the eight, 1546. Humfrey Monmouth
Draper, one of the Sheriffes, 1535. buried in the church yarde
VVilliam Denham, one of the Shiriffes, 1534. Henry
Howard Earle of Surrey beheaded 1546. Lord Ferrers, Ri
chard Browne Esquire, 1546. Phillip Dennis Esquire 1556.
Andrew Euenger Salter, VVilliam Robinson Mercer, Al
derman, 1552. William Armorer Clothworker Esquire, Gouer
nor of the Pages of honor, seruant to Henry the eyght, Edwarde
the sixt, & Quéene Mary, buried 1560. Besides which there be di
uers Tombes without inscription. By the West ende of this
parrish Church and Chappel, lieth Sydon lane, from Tower stréet
vp North to Hart stréete. In this Sydon lane diuers fayre and
large houses are builded, namely one bySir Iohn Allen, sometime
Mayor of London, and of counsell vnto King Henry the eight:
Sir Frauncis VValsingham Knight principall Secretarie to
the Quéenes Maiestie that now is, was lodged there, and so was
the Earle of Essex, &c. At the North West corner of this lane,
standeth a proper parrish Church of S. Olaue, which Church
together with some howses adioyning, and also with others
Parish church
of S. Olaue in
Hartstreet.
ouer against it in Hartstréete,
are of the said Tower stréet warde.of S. Olaue in
Hartstreet.
Monuments in this parish Churchof Saint Olaue be these: Ry
chard Cely, and Robart Cely, Felmongers, principall builders
and benefactors of this church: Dame Ioahan wife to Sir Iohn
Zouch 1439. Iohn Clarentiaulx Herralde 1427. Thomas
Sawle, Sir Richard Haddon Mercer, Mayor 1512. Thomas
Burnall Mercer 1548. Thomas Morley Gentleman 1566.
Sir Iohn Radcliffe Knight 1568. And Dame Anne his wife,
1585. Chapone a Florentine Gentleman 1582. Sir Hamond
Vaughan Knight, George Stoddard Merchant. &c.
Woodroffe
97
VVoodroffe lane
towardes the Tower is in this Parish.Then haue yee out of Towerstreete, also on the North side,
one other lane, called Marte lane, which runneth vp towards
the North, and is for the most part, of this Towerstreete warde,
which lane is aboute the thirde quarter thereof deuided, from
Aldegate warde, by a chaine to be drawn, twhart the saide lane,
aboue the west end of Hart streete, a thirde lane out of Tower
streete, on the North side is called Mincheon or Minion lane: this
lane is all of the saide warde, except the corner house towardes
Fenchurch streete. In this lane of olde time, dwelled diuers
Strangers born of Genoa, and those partes, these were common
ly called Gallie men, as men that came vp in the Gallies, brought
vp wines and other marchandizes which they landed in Thames
streete, at a place called Galley key: they had a certaine coyne of
Siluer amongst themselues which were half pence of Genoa, and
were called Gallye halfe pence: these halfe pence were forbidden
in the thirtenth of Henry the fourth, and againe by Parliament
in the thirde of Henry the fift, by the name of halfe pence of Genoa
forbidden to passe as vnlawfull payment amongst the English sub
iectes. Notwithstanding in my youth, I haue seene them passe cur
rant, but with so me difficultie, for that the English halfepence
were then (though not so broade) somewhat thicker and stronger.
There was at that time also forbidden certaine other coynes cal
led Seskaris, and Dodkins, with all Scottish monies.
The Clothworkers hall is
in this lane: Then at the west ende
of Towerstreete haue ye a little turning towardes the North to a
fayre house sometime belonging to one named Grista, for he dwel
led there in the yeare 1449. And Iack Cade captaine of the re
bels in Kent, being by him, in this his house feasted, when he had
dined (like an vnkind guest) robbed him of al that was there to be
founde worth the carriage. Next to this is one other fayre house,
sometime builded by Angel Dune Grocer, since possessed by Sir
Iohn Champneis Alderman & Maior of London, he builded in this
house an high Tower of Bricke, the first that euer I hearde of in
any priuate mans house to ouerlooke his neighboures in this
yeres before his death, since that time Sir Perceual Hart knight,
there &c. From this house somewhat West is the parish church
and Parsonage house of S. Margarets Pattentes, to the which
church and house on the North side, and as far ouer against on the
south stretcheth the farthest west part of this warde. And there
fore to beginne againe at the East end of Towerstreete, on the
south side, haue ye Beare lane, wherein are many fayre houses,
and runneth downe to Thames streete: The next is Sporiar
lane, of olde time so called, but since, and of later time named
Water lane, because it runneth downe to the Water gate, by
the Custome house in Thames streete: then is there Hart lane,
or Harpe lane which likewise runneth downe into Thames
streete. In this Hart lane is the Bakers hal, sometime the dwel
ling house of Chichley Camberlaine of London, who was Bro
ther to Chichley the Archbishop: he had 24. children. Sir Tho
mas Kirriell of Kent, after that hee had béene long Prisoner in
France, married Elizabeth one of the daughters of this Chich
ley, by whom he had this Chichleis house. This Elizabeth was
secondly married to Sir Ralfe Ashton, knight Marshall: and
thirdly to Sir Iohn Burchier, vnckle to the late Burchier, Earle
of Essex, but shee neuer had childe. Edwarde Poininges made
parte with Burchier, and Elizabeth to haue Ostenhanger in
Kent, after their death, and entred into it, they liuing. In Tower
streete betwéene Hart lane and Church lane, was a Quadrante
called Galley Row, because Galley men dwelled there. Then
haue ye two lanes out of Towerstreete, both called Church lanes
because one runneth down by the east end of S. Dunstones church
and the other by the west end of the same: out of the west lane,
turneth an other lane, west towardes S. Marie hill, and is called
Fowle lane, which is for the most part of Towerstreete warde.
This Church of S. Dunstone is called in the East, for difference
from one other of the same name in the west: it is a fayre and large
Church of an ancient building, and within a large Church yarde,
it hath a great parish of many rich Marchantes and other occupi
ers of diuers Trades, namely Saltars and Ironmongers.
of Towerstreete haue ye a little turning towardes the North to a
fayre house sometime belonging to one named Grista, for he dwel
led there in the yeare 1449. And Iack Cade captaine of the re
bels in Kent, being by him, in this his house feasted, when he had
dined (like an vnkind guest) robbed him of al that was there to be
founde worth the carriage. Next to this is one other fayre house,
sometime builded by Angel Dune Grocer, since possessed by Sir
Iohn Champneis Alderman & Maior of London, he builded in this
house an high Tower of Bricke, the first that euer I hearde of in
any priuate mans house to ouerlooke his neighboures in this
Iohn Champ
neis Alder
man blinde.
citie. But this delight of his ey was punished with blindnes,
someneis Alder
man blinde.
yeres before his death, since that time Sir Perceual Hart knight,
H
a
98
a Iolly
courtier and knight harbenger to the Queene, was lodgedthere &c. From this house somewhat West is the parish church
and Parsonage house of S. Margarets Pattentes, to the which
church and house on the North side, and as far ouer against on the
south stretcheth the farthest west part of this warde. And there
fore to beginne againe at the East end of Towerstreete, on the
south side, haue ye Beare lane, wherein are many fayre houses,
and runneth downe to Thames streete: The next is Sporiar
lane, of olde time so called, but since, and of later time named
Water lane, because it runneth downe to the Water gate, by
the Custome house in Thames streete: then is there Hart lane,
or Harpe lane which likewise runneth downe into Thames
streete. In this Hart lane is the Bakers hal, sometime the dwel
ling house of Chichley Camberlaine of London, who was Bro
ther to Chichley the Archbishop: he had 24. children. Sir Tho
mas Kirriell of Kent, after that hee had béene long Prisoner in
France, married Elizabeth one of the daughters of this Chich
ley, by whom he had this Chichleis house. This Elizabeth was
secondly married to Sir Ralfe Ashton, knight Marshall: and
thirdly to Sir Iohn Burchier, vnckle to the late Burchier, Earle
of Essex, but shee neuer had childe. Edwarde Poininges made
parte with Burchier, and Elizabeth to haue Ostenhanger in
Kent, after their death, and entred into it, they liuing. In Tower
streete betwéene Hart lane and Church lane, was a Quadrante
called Galley Row, because Galley men dwelled there. Then
haue ye two lanes out of Towerstreete, both called Church lanes
because one runneth down by the east end of S. Dunstones church
and the other by the west end of the same: out of the west lane,
turneth an other lane, west towardes S. Marie hill, and is called
Fowle lane, which is for the most part of Towerstreete warde.
This Church of S. Dunstone is called in the East, for difference
from one other of the same name in the west: it is a fayre and large
Church of an ancient building, and within a large Church yarde,
it hath a great parish of many rich Marchantes and other occupi
ers of diuers Trades, namely Saltars and Ironmongers.
The monumentes in that Church bee these. In the Quire
Iohn Kenington Parson there buried, 1374. William Islip,
Parson, 1382. Iohn Kryoll Esquier, brother to Thomas Kryol,
bert Shelly Esquier, 1420. Robert Pepper Grocer, 1445. Iohn
Norwich Grocer. 1390. Alice Brome, wife to Iohn Couentry
sometime Maior of London. 1433. VVilliam Isaack Draper
Alderman, 1508. Edward Skales Marchant, 1521. Iohn Ri
croft Esquier, Sargiant of the Larder, to Henry the seuenth,
and Henry the eight, 1532. Edwatars Esquier Sargeant at
Armes, 1558. Sir Bartilmew Iames Draper Maior, 1479.
buried vnder a fayr Monument, with his Lady. Ralph Greenway
Grocer, Alderman, put vnder the stone of Robert Peppar 1559.
Thomas Bledlow one of the Shiriffes. 1472. Iames Bacon
Fishmonger Shiriffe, 1573. Sir Richarde Champion Draper
Maior, 1568. Henry Herdson Skinner Alderman. 1555. Sir
Iames Garnado Knight, VVilliam Hariote Draper Maior.
1481. buried in a fayre Chappell by him builded, 1517. Iohn
Tate sonne to Sir Iohn Tate, in the same Chappell, in the north
wal, Sir Christopher Draper Ironmonger Maior, 1566. bu
ried 1580. and many other worshipfull Personages besides,
whose monumentes are altogether defaced. Now for the two
church lanes, they meeting on the south side of this Church and
Churchyarde, do ioyne in one: and running down to the Thames
streete: the same is called S. Dunstans hill, at the lower ende
whereof the said Thames streete, towards the west on both sides
almost to Belins gate, but towards the east vp to the water gate,
by the Bulwarke of the Tower, is all of Towerstreete warde.
In this streete on the Thames side are diuers large landing pla
ces, called wharffes, or keyes, for Cranage vp of wares and mar
chandizes, as also for shipping of wares from thence to bee tran
sported. These wharffes and keyes commonly beare the names of
their owners, and are therefore changeable. I read in the 26. of
Henry the sixt that in the parish of S. Dunstone in the East a
Tenement called Passekes wharffe and an other called Horners
key in Thames streete, were granted to VVilliam Haringdon
Esquire. I reade also that in the sixt of Richarde the second Iohn
Churchman Grocer, for the quiet of Marchantes, did newlie
build a certaine house vpon the key, called Wooll wharfe, in the
Towerstreete ward, in the Parish of Alhallowes Barking, be
granted that during the life of the saide Iohn, the aforesaid Troy
nage should be held and kept in the saide house, with easementes
there, for the ballances and waightes, and a counting place, for
the Customer, Controwlers, Clarkes, and other Officers of the
saide Troynage together with ingresse and egresse to and frō the
was wont to be kept, and that the king should pay yearely to the
saide Iohn, during his life xl.s̃. at the termes of S. Michaell and
Easter, by euen portions by the handes of his Customer without
any other payment to the saide Iohn, as in the Indenture thereof
more at large appeareth.
Iohn Kenington Parson there buried, 1374. William Islip,
Parson, 1382. Iohn Kryoll Esquier, brother to Thomas Kryol,
1400
99
1400. Nicholas Bond, Thomas Barry Marchant, 1445.
Robert Shelly Esquier, 1420. Robert Pepper Grocer, 1445. Iohn
Norwich Grocer. 1390. Alice Brome, wife to Iohn Couentry
sometime Maior of London. 1433. VVilliam Isaack Draper
Alderman, 1508. Edward Skales Marchant, 1521. Iohn Ri
croft Esquier, Sargiant of the Larder, to Henry the seuenth,
and Henry the eight, 1532. Edwatars Esquier Sargeant at
Armes, 1558. Sir Bartilmew Iames Draper Maior, 1479.
buried vnder a fayr Monument, with his Lady. Ralph Greenway
Grocer, Alderman, put vnder the stone of Robert Peppar 1559.
Thomas Bledlow one of the Shiriffes. 1472. Iames Bacon
Fishmonger Shiriffe, 1573. Sir Richarde Champion Draper
Maior, 1568. Henry Herdson Skinner Alderman. 1555. Sir
Iames Garnado Knight, VVilliam Hariote Draper Maior.
1481. buried in a fayre Chappell by him builded, 1517. Iohn
Tate sonne to Sir Iohn Tate, in the same Chappell, in the north
wal, Sir Christopher Draper Ironmonger Maior, 1566. bu
ried 1580. and many other worshipfull Personages besides,
whose monumentes are altogether defaced. Now for the two
church lanes, they meeting on the south side of this Church and
Churchyarde, do ioyne in one: and running down to the Thames
streete: the same is called S. Dunstans hill, at the lower ende
whereof the said Thames streete, towards the west on both sides
almost to Belins gate, but towards the east vp to the water gate,
by the Bulwarke of the Tower, is all of Towerstreete warde.
In this streete on the Thames side are diuers large landing pla
ces, called wharffes, or keyes, for Cranage vp of wares and mar
chandizes, as also for shipping of wares from thence to bee tran
sported. These wharffes and keyes commonly beare the names of
their owners, and are therefore changeable. I read in the 26. of
Henry the sixt that in the parish of S. Dunstone in the East a
Tenement called Passekes wharffe and an other called Horners
key in Thames streete, were granted to VVilliam Haringdon
Esquire. I reade also that in the sixt of Richarde the second Iohn
Churchman Grocer, for the quiet of Marchantes, did newlie
build a certaine house vpon the key, called Wooll wharfe, in the
Towerstreete ward, in the Parish of Alhallowes Barking, be
H2
twixt
100
twixt the
Tenement of Paule Salisberry on the east
part, and the lane called the water gate on the
west, to serue for Troynage, orWhole wharfe
by Custome
key.
weighing of wooles in
the Port of London: Whereupon thekingby Custome
key.
granted that during the life of the saide Iohn, the aforesaid Troy
nage should be held and kept in the saide house, with easementes
there, for the ballances and waightes, and a counting place, for
the Customer, Controwlers, Clarkes, and other Officers of the
saide Troynage together with ingresse and egresse to and frō the
Tronage of
wels.
same, euen as was had in other
places, where the said Troynagewels.
was wont to be kept, and that the king should pay yearely to the
saide Iohn, during his life xl.s̃. at the termes of S. Michaell and
Easter, by euen portions by the handes of his Customer without
any other payment to the saide Iohn, as in the Indenture thereof
more at large appeareth.
Neare vnto this Customers key towardes the East, is
the
saide watergate, and west, from it Porters key, then Galley key,
where the Gallies were vsed to vnlade, and land their marchandi
zes and wares: and that part of Thames streete, was therefore
of some called Galley Row, but more commonly Petty Wales.
saide watergate, and west, from it Porters key, then Galley key,
where the Gallies were vsed to vnlade, and land their marchandi
zes and wares: and that part of Thames streete, was therefore
of some called Galley Row, but more commonly Petty Wales.
On the North side, as well as on the South of this Thames
streete is many fayre houses large for stowage, builded for Mar
chantes, but towardes the east ende thereof, namely ouer against
Galley key, Woole key, and the custome house, there haue been,
of old time some large buildings of stone, the ruines whereof doe
yet remaine, but the first builders and owners of them are worn
out of memorie, wherefore the common people affirme Iulius
Cesar to bee the builder thereof, as also of the Tower it selfe. But
thereof I haue spoken alreadie. Some are of an other opinion, and
that a more likely, that this great stone building was sometime
payred to this cittie, and that therefore the streete in that part, is
called Pety Wales, which name remaineth there most commonly
vntill this day: euen as where the kinges of Scotland were vsed
to be lodged betwixt Charing crosse and white hall, it is likewise
called Scotland: and where the Earles of Briton, were lodged
without Aldersgate, the streete is called Britaine streete, &c.
streete is many fayre houses large for stowage, builded for Mar
chantes, but towardes the east ende thereof, namely ouer against
Galley key, Woole key, and the custome house, there haue been,
of old time some large buildings of stone, the ruines whereof doe
yet remaine, but the first builders and owners of them are worn
out of memorie, wherefore the common people affirme Iulius
Cesar to bee the builder thereof, as also of the Tower it selfe. But
thereof I haue spoken alreadie. Some are of an other opinion, and
that a more likely, that this great stone building was sometime
Princes of
Wales their
lodging.
the lodging appointed for the Princes of
VVales, when they reWales their
lodging.
payred to this cittie, and that therefore the streete in that part, is
called Pety Wales, which name remaineth there most commonly
vntill this day: euen as where the kinges of Scotland were vsed
to be lodged betwixt Charing crosse and white hall, it is likewise
called Scotland: and where the Earles of Briton, were lodged
without Aldersgate, the streete is called Britaine streete, &c.
The saide building might of olde time pertaine to the Princes
of
101
of
VVales as is aforesaide, but is since turned to other vse.
It is before noted of Galley key that the Gallies of
Italie, and other partes did there discharge their wines and
marchandi
and storehouses, as the Marchantes of the Haunce of Almayne,
were licensed to haue an house called, Gilda Teutonicorum the
Guild hall of the Germaines. Also the Marchantes of Burde63
aux were licensed to builde at the Uintry, stronglie with stone, as
may bee yet seene and seemeth olde, though often repayred: much
more cause hath these building in Pety Wales (though as lately
builded, and partly of the like stone, brought from Cane in Nor64
No Gallies
landed here in
memorie of
men liuing.mandie,) to seeme olde which for many yeares (to wit since the
Gallies left their course of landing there) hath fallen to ruine and
beene letten out, for stabling of horses, to Tiplers of Beere, and
such like amongst others, one mother Mampudding (as they ter
med her) for many yeares kept this house (or a greate parte there
of) for victualing, and it seemeth that the builders of the hall of
frame thereof (being but low) is raised of certaine principall posts
of maine timber, fixed deepe in the ground, without any ground
sell boorded close round aboute, on the inside, hauing none other
wall from the ground to the roofe, those Boordes not excée
ding the length of a Clapboorde, aboute an inch thicke, euery boorde ledging ouer other, as in a Ship or Gallie nayled with
ship nayles, called rugh, and clenches, to wit rugh nayles with broad
round heads, and clenched on the other side with square plates of i
ron, the roofe of this hall is also wrought of the like boorde & nay
led with rugh and clench, & seemeth as it were a Galley, the kecle
turned vpwardes, and I obserued that no worme or rottennes
is seene to haue enterred, eyther boorde or timber, and therefore
(in mine opinion) of no great antiquity, but I leaue euery man
to his owne iudgement, and passe to other matters.
The Mar
chantes of I
taly their lod
ging by their Gallies.
zes brought to this Citie. It
is like therefore that the Marchants and Owners procured the place to builde vpon
for their lodgingschantes of I
taly their lod
ging by their Gallies.
and storehouses, as the Marchantes of the Haunce of Almayne,
were licensed to haue an house called, Gilda Teutonicorum the
Guild hall of the Germaines. Also the Marchantes of Burde63
aux were licensed to builde at the Uintry, stronglie with stone, as
may bee yet seene and seemeth olde, though often repayred: much
more cause hath these building in Pety Wales (though as lately
builded, and partly of the like stone, brought from Cane in Nor64
No Gallies
landed here in
memorie of
men liuing.mandie,) to seeme olde which for many yeares (to wit since the
Gallies left their course of landing there) hath fallen to ruine and
beene letten out, for stabling of horses, to Tiplers of Beere, and
such like amongst others, one mother Mampudding (as they ter
med her) for many yeares kept this house (or a greate parte there
of) for victualing, and it seemeth that the builders of the hall of
A strange kind
of building by
Shipwrightes
or Gally men
this house were
shipwrightes, and not house Carpenters: for theof building by
Shipwrightes
or Gally men
frame thereof (being but low) is raised of certaine principall posts
of maine timber, fixed deepe in the ground, without any ground
sell boorded close round aboute, on the inside, hauing none other
wall from the ground to the roofe, those Boordes not excée
ding the length of a Clapboorde, aboute an inch thicke, euery boorde ledging ouer other, as in a Ship or Gallie nayled with
ship nayles, called rugh, and clenches, to wit rugh nayles with broad
round heads, and clenched on the other side with square plates of i
ron, the roofe of this hall is also wrought of the like boorde & nay
led with rugh and clench, & seemeth as it were a Galley, the kecle
turned vpwardes, and I obserued that no worme or rottennes
is seene to haue enterred, eyther boorde or timber, and therefore
(in mine opinion) of no great antiquity, but I leaue euery man
to his owne iudgement, and passe to other matters.
I read in the 44. of Edward
the third, that an Hospitall in the parish of Barking Church was founded there by
Robert Dentō
warde, a Messuage or great house, called Cobhams Inne, and
in the 37. of Henry the sixt, a Messuage in Thames streete per
tayning to Richarde Longuile &c. Some of the ruines before
spoken of, may seeme to be of the foresaide Hospitall, belonging
peraduenture to some Prior Alien, and so suppressed amongst
the rest, in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, or Henry the fift, who suppressed them all. Thus much for the boundes
and antiquities of this warde, wherein is noted the Tower of
London, three parrish Churches, the Custome house, and two
Hals of Companies, to wit, the Clothworkers and the Bakers.
This warde hath an Alderman his Deputie, common Counsel
lors eight, Constables thirteene, Scauengers twelue, Ward
mote men thirteene, and a Beadle: it is taxed to the fifteen at
46.£. and accounted in the Exchequer at 45.£. 10.s̃.
An
Hospitall
for Lunatike or phrensie
people.
Chaplen, for the suffentation of poore Priestes, and
other both men and women, that were sicke, of the Phrensie, there to remain
for Lunatike or phrensie
people.
H3
till
102
till they
were perfectly whole, and restored to good memorie. Also I read that in the 6. of Henry the
fift, there was in the
Towerwarde, a Messuage or great house, called Cobhams Inne, and
in the 37. of Henry the sixt, a Messuage in Thames streete per
tayning to Richarde Longuile &c. Some of the ruines before
spoken of, may seeme to be of the foresaide Hospitall, belonging
peraduenture to some Prior Alien, and so suppressed amongst
the rest, in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, or Henry the fift, who suppressed them all. Thus much for the boundes
and antiquities of this warde, wherein is noted the Tower of
London, three parrish Churches, the Custome house, and two
Hals of Companies, to wit, the Clothworkers and the Bakers.
This warde hath an Alderman his Deputie, common Counsel
lors eight, Constables thirteene, Scauengers twelue, Ward
mote men thirteene, and a Beadle: it is taxed to the fifteen at
46.£. and accounted in the Exchequer at 45.£. 10.s̃.
THe second warde within the wall on the east part is called Ealdgate warde,
as taking
name of the saide gate, the principall streete of this warde be
gineth at Ealdgate, stretching west to sometime a fayre wall, where now a pumpe is placed: from thence the way being deuided into twaine, the first and principal streete, called Ealdgate streete, runneth on the Southside, to Limestreete corner, and halfe that streete down on the left hand, is also of that warde. In the mid way on that South side, betwixt Ealdgate and Lymestreete, is Hart horne alley, a way that goeth through into Fenchurch streete ouer a
gainst Northumberlande house. Then haue yee the Bricklayers hall, and an other Alley called sprinckle alley, of an holy water Sprinkle sometime hanging there, now named Sugar loafe Alley of the like signe. Then is there a fayre, house: with diuers Tene
ments neare adioyning, sometime belonging to a late dissolued Priorie since possessed by Mistresse Cornewallies, widow and her
ted him. Such was the princely liberality of those times. Of later time, Sir Nicholas Throgmortō knight, was lodged there. Then somewhat more west, is Belzetars lane, so called of the first buil
der & owner thereof, now corruptly called Billita lane, betwixt this Belzettars lane, & Lymestreete, was of later time a frame of three fayre houses set vp in the yere 1590. in place where, before was a large garden plot, inclosed frō the high street, with a Bricke wall, which wall being taken downe, and the ground digged déepe for Cellerage, there was found right vnder the saide Bricke wall an other wal of stone,
ber of the Gates was consumed, but the Hinges of iron stil remai
ned on their staples on both the sides. Moreouer in that wall were square windowes with bars of iron, on eyther side the gate, this wall was vnder ground aboute two fathomes deepe, as I then esteemed it, and seemeth to be the ruines of some house burned in the raigne of kingStephen, when the fire began in the house of one Aelward neare London stone, and consumed east to Eald
gate, whereby it appeareth how greatly the ground of this Citie, hath beene in that place raised. On the north side: this principall streete stretcheth to the west corner of S. Andrewes Church, & then the ward turneth towardes the North by S. Mary streete, on the east side to S. Augustines Church in the wal, and so by Buries marks againe, or aboute by the wal to Ealdgate. The se
cond way from Ealdgate, more towardes the south from the Pumpe aforesaide is called Fenchurch streete, and is of Ealdgate warde till ye come to Culuar Alley, on the west side of Iron
mongers hall where sometime was a lane which went out of Fenchurchstreete to the midst of Limestreete, but this lane was stopped vp, for suspition of theeues that lurked there by night. A
gaine to Aldgate out of the principall streete euen by the gate & wall of the City, runneth a lane south to the Tower hill, and out of this lane west, a street called Hart streete, which of that ward stretcheth to Sydon lane by S. Olaues Church. One other lane more west from Ealdgate goeth by Northumberland house to
wardes the Crossed Fryars: then haue yee on the same side
gineth at Ealdgate, stretching west to sometime a fayre wall, where now a pumpe is placed: from thence the way being deuided into twaine, the first and principal streete, called Ealdgate streete, runneth on the Southside, to Limestreete corner, and halfe that streete down on the left hand, is also of that warde. In the mid way on that South side, betwixt Ealdgate and Lymestreete, is Hart horne alley, a way that goeth through into Fenchurch streete ouer a
gainst Northumberlande house. Then haue yee the Bricklayers hall, and an other Alley called sprinckle alley, of an holy water Sprinkle sometime hanging there, now named Sugar loafe Alley of the like signe. Then is there a fayre, house: with diuers Tene
ments neare adioyning, sometime belonging to a late dissolued Priorie since possessed by Mistresse Cornewallies, widow and her
heires,
103
heires, by
the gift of king Henry the 8. in rewarde of
fine puddings (as it was commonly said) by her made, where with she had presented him. Such was the princely liberality of those times. Of later time, Sir Nicholas Throgmortō knight, was lodged there. Then somewhat more west, is Belzetars lane, so called of the first buil
der & owner thereof, now corruptly called Billita lane, betwixt this Belzettars lane, & Lymestreete, was of later time a frame of three fayre houses set vp in the yere 1590. in place where, before was a large garden plot, inclosed frō the high street, with a Bricke wall, which wall being taken downe, and the ground digged déepe for Cellerage, there was found right vnder the saide Bricke wall an other wal of stone,
Wall, Gate and windowes of
stone, found vnder ground.
with a gate Arched with stone and gates of
Timber, to be closed in the midst towardes the streete, the timber of the Gates was consumed, but the Hinges of iron stil remai
ned on their staples on both the sides. Moreouer in that wall were square windowes with bars of iron, on eyther side the gate, this wall was vnder ground aboute two fathomes deepe, as I then esteemed it, and seemeth to be the ruines of some house burned in the raigne of kingStephen, when the fire began in the house of one Aelward neare London stone, and consumed east to Eald
gate, whereby it appeareth how greatly the ground of this Citie, hath beene in that place raised. On the north side: this principall streete stretcheth to the west corner of S. Andrewes Church, & then the ward turneth towardes the North by S. Mary streete, on the east side to S. Augustines Church in the wal, and so by Buries marks againe, or aboute by the wal to Ealdgate. The se
cond way from Ealdgate, more towardes the south from the Pumpe aforesaide is called Fenchurch streete, and is of Ealdgate warde till ye come to Culuar Alley, on the west side of Iron
mongers hall where sometime was a lane which went out of Fenchurchstreete to the midst of Limestreete, but this lane was stopped vp, for suspition of theeues that lurked there by night. A
gaine to Aldgate out of the principall streete euen by the gate & wall of the City, runneth a lane south to the Tower hill, and out of this lane west, a street called Hart streete, which of that ward stretcheth to Sydon lane by S. Olaues Church. One other lane more west from Ealdgate goeth by Northumberland house to
wardes the Crossed Fryars: then haue yee on the same side
the
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104
the Northend
of Martlane, and Blanch
Chappleton where that warde endeth.
Thus much for the bounds: now for monuments, or places most ancient and notable: I
am first to beginne with the late dissolued Priorie of the
Holy Trinitie called Christes
Church, on the right hand within Ealdgate. This Priorie was founded by Matilde the Queene, wife to Henry the first, in the same place where Siredus sometime began to erect a Church in
honor of the Crosse, and of S. Marie Magdalen, of which the Deane and
Chapter of Waltham were wont to receiue 30.s̃.
The Queene was to acquite her Church thereof, and
in Exchange gaue vnto them a mill. King Henry her husband confirmed her gift: This Church was giuen to
Norman, the first Cannon regular in all England.
unto belonging, with al customes so frée as she had held the same, & 25.£, Blanks, which she had of the Citie of Excester: as appea
reth by her deed, wherein she nameth the house Christs Church, and reporteth Aldegate to be of her demaines, which she granteth with 2. parts of the rent of the citie of Excester. Norman tooke v
pon him to bee Prior of Christes Church, in the yere of Christ 1108 in the Parishes of S. Marie Magdalen, S. Michael. S. Ka
therine, and the Blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the Holy Trinitie, and was in olde time of the Holy Crosse, or Holy Roode Parish. The Priorie was builded on a peece of ground in the Parish of S. Katherine, towards Ealdgate, which lieth in length betwixt the Kinges streete, by the which men go towardes Ealdgate: neare to the Chappell of S. Michaell towardes the North, and conteyneth in length 83. els half quarter & quartern of the kings Iron eln, & ly
eth in bredth &c. the Soke & ward of Ealdgate, was then bounded as I haue before shewed, the Queen was a mean also that ye land and English Knighten Guild, was giuen vnto the Prior Norman the honorable man Geffery de Glinton was a great helper ther
in and obtayned that the Canons might inclose the way betwixt their church and the wal of the citie &c.
naments and passed all the Priories in the citie of London or
son as I my self haue séene in my childhood: at which time the Pri
or kept a most bountifull house of meate and drinke both for rich and poore, aswell within the house as at the gates, to all commers according to their estates. These bee the monumentes in this church, Sir Robert Turke, and Dame Alice his wife, Iohn Ti
rell Esquire, Simon Kempe Esquire, Iames Manthorpe Es
quire, Iohn Ascue Esquire, Thomas Fauset of Scalset Esquire, Iohn Kempe gentleman, Robert Chirwide Esquire, Sir Iohn Heningham and Dame Isabel his wife, Dame Agnes wife first to Sir William Bardolpe, and then to Sir Thomas Mortimer, Iohn Ashfield Esquire. Sir Iohn Dedham Knight. Sir Am
brose Charcam, Iohn wife to Thomas Nuck Gent. Iohn Husse Esquire, Iohn Beringham Esquire, Thomas Goodwine E
squire, Raph Walles Esquire, Dame Margaret daughter to Sir Raph Cheuie, wife to Sir Iohn Barkely, to Sir T. Barnes, and to Sir W. Bursire, William Roose, Simon Frauncis, Iohn Breton Esquire, Helling Esquire, Iohn Malwen, and his wife, Anthonie Welles, sonne to Iohn Welles, Nicholas de Aue
sey and Margery his wife, Anthony sonne to Iohn Milles, Hen
ry Fitzalwine Mayor of London 1213. Baldwine sonne to king Stephen, and Mathilde daughter to king Stephen, wife to the Earle of Millen, and many other. But to conclude my speach of this Priorie , king Henry the eyght minding to reward Sir Tho
mas Audley speaker of the Parliament, against Cardinall Wol
sey (as ye may reade in Hall) sent for the Prior commending him for his hospitalitie, promised him (as a man worthy of a far grea
ter dignitie, (which promise surely he performed, and compounded with him (though in what sorte I neuer heard) so that the Prior surrendred all that Priory with the apurtenances to the king, in
der, and the Priory with the apurtenances King Henry gaue vn
to Sir Thomas Audley newly knighted, and after made Lorde Chauncelor. This Sir Thomas Audeley offered the great Church of this Priorie, with a ring of nine bels well tuned (wher
of foure the greatest are now at Stebunhith, and the fiue lesser at S. Stephens in Colemans stréete) to the parishioners of Saint Katherine Christ church, in exchaunge for their small parrish Church, minding to haue pulled it downe, & to haue builded there towardes the stréete: But the parishioners hauing doubtes in their heades of afterclappes, refused the offer. Then was the Pri
orie Church and stéeple, proffered to whomsoeuer that would take it downe, and carry it from the ground, but no man would vnder
take the offer, whereupon Sir Thomas Audley was fayne to bee at more charges to take it downe, then could bee made of the stone, timber, leade, yron &c. For the workemen with great labor beginning at the toppe, loased stone from stone, and threwe them downe, whereby the most part of them were broken, and few re
mayned whole, and those were solde very cheape, for all build
inges then made, were of bricke and timber. At that time any man in the Cittie, might haue a carte loade of hard stone for pa
uing brought to his dore for vj.ď.or vij.ď.with the carriage. The said Thomas Lord Audley builded and dwelt on this Priorie du
ring his life, and died there in the yeare 1544. since the which time the said Priory came by marriage of the Lord Audleyes daughter and heyre vnto Thomas late Duke of Norfolke, and was then called the Dukes place.
ding whereof the high streete hath béene so often raysed by paue
mentes, that now men are faine to descende into the saide Church by diuers steppes. But the stéeple, or Bell Tower thereof hath beene lately builded, to witte, about the yeare 1504. for Sir Iohn Perciuall Marchant Taylor then deceasing gaue mony to
wardes the building thereof. There be the Monuments of Sir Thomas Fleming Knight of Rowalles, in Essex, & Margaret
ralde, Iohn Goade Esquire and Ioan his wife, Beatrix daugh
ter to VVilliam Browne, Thomas Multon Esquire, sonne to Burdeaux Herralde, Iohn Chitcroft Esquire, Iohn Wake
fielde Esquire, VVilliam Criswicke, Anne, and Sewchdaughters to Raph Shirley Esquire, Sir Iohn Rainstorth knight of Essex, Sir Nicholas Throkmorton chiefe Butler of England, one of the Chamberlaynes of the Exchequer, Ambassadour &c. 1570. and other. At the North west corner of this Ward in the said high stréete, standeth the fayre and beautifull parrish Church of S. Andrew
Priorie of the
Trinitie of Canons re
gular.
The said Queene also gaue vnto the
same Church and those that serued God therein the port of Ealdgate, & the Soke thergular.
unto belonging, with al customes so frée as she had held the same, & 25.£, Blanks, which she had of the Citie of Excester: as appea
reth by her deed, wherein she nameth the house Christs Church, and reporteth Aldegate to be of her demaines, which she granteth with 2. parts of the rent of the citie of Excester. Norman tooke v
pon him to bee Prior of Christes Church, in the yere of Christ 1108 in the Parishes of S. Marie Magdalen, S. Michael. S. Ka
therine, and the Blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the Holy Trinitie, and was in olde time of the Holy Crosse, or Holy Roode Parish. The Priorie was builded on a peece of ground in the Parish of S. Katherine, towards Ealdgate, which lieth in length betwixt the Kinges streete, by the which men go towardes Ealdgate: neare to the Chappell of S. Michaell towardes the North, and conteyneth in length 83. els half quarter & quartern of the kings Iron eln, & ly
eth in bredth &c. the Soke & ward of Ealdgate, was then bounded as I haue before shewed, the Queen was a mean also that ye land and English Knighten Guild, was giuen vnto the Prior Norman the honorable man Geffery de Glinton was a great helper ther
in and obtayned that the Canons might inclose the way betwixt their church and the wal of the citie &c.
Prior of Christ church an
Alderman of London.
This Priorie in processe of time became a very fayre
and large church, rich in lands and ornaments and passed all the Priories in the citie of London or
shire
105
shire of
Middlesex, the Prior whereof was an Alderman of London, to
wit, of Portsoken warde. I reade that
Eustacius the 8. Prior, about the
yeare 1264. because hee would not deale with temporall matters
instituted Theobald Fitz Iuonis Alderman of
Portsoken Warde vnder him. And that William Rysing, Prior of Christes
Church was sworne Alderman of the said Portsoken Warde, in
the first of Richard the second.
These Priors haue fitten and ridden amongst the Aldermen of London, in
liuery like vnto them, sauing that his habite was in shape of a spirituall person as I my self haue séene in my childhood: at which time the Pri
or kept a most bountifull house of meate and drinke both for rich and poore, aswell within the house as at the gates, to all commers according to their estates. These bee the monumentes in this church, Sir Robert Turke, and Dame Alice his wife, Iohn Ti
rell Esquire, Simon Kempe Esquire, Iames Manthorpe Es
quire, Iohn Ascue Esquire, Thomas Fauset of Scalset Esquire, Iohn Kempe gentleman, Robert Chirwide Esquire, Sir Iohn Heningham and Dame Isabel his wife, Dame Agnes wife first to Sir William Bardolpe, and then to Sir Thomas Mortimer, Iohn Ashfield Esquire. Sir Iohn Dedham Knight. Sir Am
brose Charcam, Iohn wife to Thomas Nuck Gent. Iohn Husse Esquire, Iohn Beringham Esquire, Thomas Goodwine E
squire, Raph Walles Esquire, Dame Margaret daughter to Sir Raph Cheuie, wife to Sir Iohn Barkely, to Sir T. Barnes, and to Sir W. Bursire, William Roose, Simon Frauncis, Iohn Breton Esquire, Helling Esquire, Iohn Malwen, and his wife, Anthonie Welles, sonne to Iohn Welles, Nicholas de Aue
sey and Margery his wife, Anthony sonne to Iohn Milles, Hen
ry Fitzalwine Mayor of London 1213. Baldwine sonne to king Stephen, and Mathilde daughter to king Stephen, wife to the Earle of Millen, and many other. But to conclude my speach of this Priorie , king Henry the eyght minding to reward Sir Tho
mas Audley speaker of the Parliament, against Cardinall Wol
sey (as ye may reade in Hall) sent for the Prior commending him for his hospitalitie, promised him (as a man worthy of a far grea
ter dignitie, (which promise surely he performed, and compounded with him (though in what sorte I neuer heard) so that the Prior surrendred all that Priory with the apurtenances to the king, in
the
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106
the moneth of Iuly, in the
yeare 1531. the 23. of the said Kinges raigne. The Canons were sent to other houses of
the same order, and the Priory with the apurtenances King Henry gaue vn
to Sir Thomas Audley newly knighted, and after made Lorde Chauncelor. This Sir Thomas Audeley offered the great Church of this Priorie, with a ring of nine bels well tuned (wher
of foure the greatest are now at Stebunhith, and the fiue lesser at S. Stephens in Colemans stréete) to the parishioners of Saint Katherine Christ church, in exchaunge for their small parrish Church, minding to haue pulled it downe, & to haue builded there towardes the stréete: But the parishioners hauing doubtes in their heades of afterclappes, refused the offer. Then was the Pri
orie Church and stéeple, proffered to whomsoeuer that would take it downe, and carry it from the ground, but no man would vnder
take the offer, whereupon Sir Thomas Audley was fayne to bee at more charges to take it downe, then could bee made of the stone, timber, leade, yron &c. For the workemen with great labor beginning at the toppe, loased stone from stone, and threwe them downe, whereby the most part of them were broken, and few re
mayned whole, and those were solde very cheape, for all build
inges then made, were of bricke and timber. At that time any man in the Cittie, might haue a carte loade of hard stone for pa
uing brought to his dore for vj.ď.or vij.ď.with the carriage. The said Thomas Lord Audley builded and dwelt on this Priorie du
ring his life, and died there in the yeare 1544. since the which time the said Priory came by marriage of the Lord Audleyes daughter and heyre vnto Thomas late Duke of Norfolke, and was then called the Dukes place.
The Dukes place.
The parish Church of S. Katherine
standeth in the Cemitory of the late
dissolued Priorie of the holy Trinitie, and
is therefore called S. Katherine Christ
Church. This Church séemeth to bee a very olde thing, since
the building whereof the high streete hath béene so often raysed by paue
mentes, that now men are faine to descende into the saide Church by diuers steppes. But the stéeple, or Bell Tower thereof hath beene lately builded, to witte, about the yeare 1504. for Sir Iohn Perciuall Marchant Taylor then deceasing gaue mony to
wardes the building thereof. There be the Monuments of Sir Thomas Fleming Knight of Rowalles, in Essex, & Margaret
his
107
his wife
1464. Roger Marshall Esquire,
Iane Horne, wife to Roger Marshall, William Multon, alias Burdiaux Herralde, Iohn Goade Esquire and Ioan his wife, Beatrix daugh
ter to VVilliam Browne, Thomas Multon Esquire, sonne to Burdeaux Herralde, Iohn Chitcroft Esquire, Iohn Wake
fielde Esquire, VVilliam Criswicke, Anne, and Sewchdaughters to Raph Shirley Esquire, Sir Iohn Rainstorth knight of Essex, Sir Nicholas Throkmorton chiefe Butler of England, one of the Chamberlaynes of the Exchequer, Ambassadour &c. 1570. and other. At the North west corner of this Ward in the said high stréete, standeth the fayre and beautifull parrish Church of S. Andrew
Parish church of S. Andrew Vndershaft.
the
Apostle, with an addition (to bee knowne from other Churches of that
name) of the Knape or vndershaft, and so called S. Andrew Vndershaft because that of olde
time, euery yeare on May day in the morning it was vsed, that an high or long
shaft (or May pole) was set vppe there, in the midst of the street before the
south dore of the said Church, which shaft when it was set on end, & fixed in
the ground, was higher then the Church stéeple. Geffrey
Chawcer, writing of a vaine boaster, hath these wordes, meaning
of the said shaft.
A shaft or May pole high
er then the church steeple
er then the church steeple
Right well aloft and high ye beare your heade,
The weather cocke with flying, as ye would kill,
Chaucer chance of
dice.
VVhen ye be stuffed bet of wine, then brede
Then looke ye when your wombe doth fill,
As ye would beare the great shaft of Cornehill,
Lord so merrily crowdeth then your croke
That all the streete may heare your body cloke.
This shaft was not raysed at any time since euill May day, (so called of an
insurrection made by Prentises, and other young per
sons against Aliens in the yeare 1517) but the said shaft was laid along ouer the dores and vnder the pentises of one row of houses, and Alley gate, called of the shaft, shaft Alley, (being of the posses
sions of Rochester bridge) in the Warde of Limestreete. It was there I say hanged on Iron hookes many years, till the third of king Edward the sixt, that one Sir Stephen, curat of S. Kathe
drew, with the addition of vnder that shaft:
fore that the names of churches might bee altered: also that the names of daies in the wéeke might bee changed, the fish dayes to be kept any dayes, except friday and saterday, and the Lent any time, saue onely betwixt Shrouetide and Easter: I heard his ser
mon, and saw the effect that followed: for in the afternoone of that present sonday, the neighbors and tenants to the said Bridge, o
uer whose dores the said shaft had laine (after they had well dined to make themselues strong) gathered more helpe, and with great labour raysing the shaft from the hookes whereon it had rested two and thirtie yeares, they sawed it in péeces,
sons against Aliens in the yeare 1517) but the said shaft was laid along ouer the dores and vnder the pentises of one row of houses, and Alley gate, called of the shaft, shaft Alley, (being of the posses
sions of Rochester bridge) in the Warde of Limestreete. It was there I say hanged on Iron hookes many years, till the third of king Edward the sixt, that one Sir Stephen, curat of S. Kathe
rine
108
rine Christes Church, preaching at Paules crosse, said there, that this shaft
was made an Idoll (by naming the church of S. Andrew, with the addition of vnder that shaft:
Shaft or May pole preached
against, at Paules crosse.
he perswaded
therefore that the names of churches might bee altered: also that the names of daies in the wéeke might bee changed, the fish dayes to be kept any dayes, except friday and saterday, and the Lent any time, saue onely betwixt Shrouetide and Easter: I heard his ser
mon, and saw the effect that followed: for in the afternoone of that present sonday, the neighbors and tenants to the said Bridge, o
uer whose dores the said shaft had laine (after they had well dined to make themselues strong) gathered more helpe, and with great labour raysing the shaft from the hookes whereon it had rested two and thirtie yeares, they sawed it in péeces,
Shaft or May pole sawed in peeces and burnt.
euery man taking for his share so much as had layne ouer his dore & stall, the
length of his house, and they of the Alley deuided amongst them so much as had
layne ouer their Alley gate. Thus was this Idoll (as he poore man tearmed it)
mangled and after burned.
Soone after was there a commotion of the Commons in Norfolke, Suffolke,
Essex, and other shires, by meanes where
of streight orders being taken for the suppression of rumors) dy
uers persons were apprehended and executed by the martial Law, amongst the which the Baylife of Romford in Essex was one, a man very well beloued: hee was earely in the morning of Mary Magdalens day (then kept holy day) brought by the Sheriffes of London and the Knight Marshall, to the Well within Ealdgate there to be executed vpon a Iebit set vp that morning, where be
ing on the ladder, he had words to this effect: Good people I am come hither to die, but knowe not for what offence, except for wordes by me spoken yester night to Sir Stephen, Curate and Preacher of this parish, which were these: Hee asked mee what newes in the countrey, I answered heauie newes: why quod he? it is saide (quoth I) that many men bee vp in Essex, but thankes be to God all is in good quier about vs: and this was all as God be my Iudge, &c. vpon these wordes of the prisoner, Sir Stephen to auoide the reproch of the people, left the Cittie, and was neuer heard of since to my knowledge. I heard the wordes of the pri
soner, for he was executed vpon the pauement of my dore, where
rish church of S. Andrew Vndershaft
chant Taylor, sometime Mayor of London, caused at his charges to be builded the one halfe, to wit, the whole North side of the great middle Ile, both of the bodie and quire, as appeareth by his arms ouer euery pillar grauen, & also the North Ile, which he also roofed with timber, and seeled, also the whole South side of the church was glased, and the Pewes in the south chappell made of his costs as appeareth in euery window, and vpon the said pewes. He deceased in the yeare 1524. and was buried in the Gray Fri
ers church. Iohn Kerkbie Marchant Taylor sometime one of the Sheriffes, Iohn Garlande Marchant Taylor and Nicholas Leuison mercer, executor to Garland, were great benefactors to this worke: which was finished to the glasing in the yeare 1529. and fully finished 1532.The monuments of the dead bu
ried in this church are these: Phillip Malpas one of the She
riffes in the yeare 1439. was buried in the old church: this man gaue by his testament to the poore prisoners 125. pound: to other poore, euery yeare for fiue yeares together foure hundred shirtes and smockes, an hundred and fiftie gownes, and fortie paire of shéetes, to poore maydes mariages an hundred markes, to high wayes an hundred markes, and to fiue hundred poore people in London euery one siv65e shillinges eyght pence, besides twentie marks the yeare to a graduate, to preach abroad in the countries: twentie shillings the yeare, for twentie yeares to the preachers at the Spittle, the thrée Easter holy dayes. Sir Robert Dennie Knight, and after him Thomas Dennie his sonne in the yeare 1421. Thomas Stokes Gentleman, Grocer, 1496. In the new church Iohn Michell Merchant Taylor, 1537. William Draper Esquire 1537. Isabel and Margaret his wiues, Nicho
las Leuison Mercer, one of the Sheriffes 1534. Iohn Gerrarde Woolman Merchant of the Staple 1546. Henry Man Doctor of diuinitie, Bishop of Man, 1550. Stephen Kyrton marchant Taylor Alderman 1553. Dauid VVoodroffe Haberdasher,
lor, Mayor, 1556. Thomas Starkey Skinner, one of the She
riffes 1578. Hugh Ofley Leatherseller one of the Sheriffes. 1588.
of streight orders being taken for the suppression of rumors) dy
uers persons were apprehended and executed by the martial Law, amongst the which the Baylife of Romford in Essex was one, a man very well beloued: hee was earely in the morning of Mary Magdalens day (then kept holy day) brought by the Sheriffes of London and the Knight Marshall, to the Well within Ealdgate there to be executed vpon a Iebit set vp that morning, where be
ing on the ladder, he had words to this effect: Good people I am come hither to die, but knowe not for what offence, except for wordes by me spoken yester night to Sir Stephen, Curate and Preacher of this parish, which were these: Hee asked mee what newes in the countrey, I answered heauie newes: why quod he? it is saide (quoth I) that many men bee vp in Essex, but thankes be to God all is in good quier about vs: and this was all as God be my Iudge, &c. vpon these wordes of the prisoner, Sir Stephen to auoide the reproch of the people, left the Cittie, and was neuer heard of since to my knowledge. I heard the wordes of the pri
soner, for he was executed vpon the pauement of my dore, where
I
109
I then kept
house: Thus much by digression, now again to the parish church of S. Andrew Vndershaft
Parish church of S.
Andrew Vndershaft new builded.
(for it stil retaineth ye name) which hath béene new builded by the parishioners there,
since the yeare 1520. euery man putting to his helping hande, some
with their purses, other with their bodies: Stephen
Genings marchant Taylor, sometime Mayor of London, caused at his charges to be builded the one halfe, to wit, the whole North side of the great middle Ile, both of the bodie and quire, as appeareth by his arms ouer euery pillar grauen, & also the North Ile, which he also roofed with timber, and seeled, also the whole South side of the church was glased, and the Pewes in the south chappell made of his costs as appeareth in euery window, and vpon the said pewes. He deceased in the yeare 1524. and was buried in the Gray Fri
ers church. Iohn Kerkbie Marchant Taylor sometime one of the Sheriffes, Iohn Garlande Marchant Taylor and Nicholas Leuison mercer, executor to Garland, were great benefactors to this worke: which was finished to the glasing in the yeare 1529. and fully finished 1532.The monuments of the dead bu
ried in this church are these: Phillip Malpas one of the She
riffes in the yeare 1439. was buried in the old church: this man gaue by his testament to the poore prisoners 125. pound: to other poore, euery yeare for fiue yeares together foure hundred shirtes and smockes, an hundred and fiftie gownes, and fortie paire of shéetes, to poore maydes mariages an hundred markes, to high wayes an hundred markes, and to fiue hundred poore people in London euery one siv65e shillinges eyght pence, besides twentie marks the yeare to a graduate, to preach abroad in the countries: twentie shillings the yeare, for twentie yeares to the preachers at the Spittle, the thrée Easter holy dayes. Sir Robert Dennie Knight, and after him Thomas Dennie his sonne in the yeare 1421. Thomas Stokes Gentleman, Grocer, 1496. In the new church Iohn Michell Merchant Taylor, 1537. William Draper Esquire 1537. Isabel and Margaret his wiues, Nicho
las Leuison Mercer, one of the Sheriffes 1534. Iohn Gerrarde Woolman Merchant of the Staple 1546. Henry Man Doctor of diuinitie, Bishop of Man, 1550. Stephen Kyrton marchant Taylor Alderman 1553. Dauid VVoodroffe Haberdasher,
one
110
one of the
Sheriffes 1554. Sir Thomas Ofley Marchant
Taylor, Mayor, 1556. Thomas Starkey Skinner, one of the She
riffes 1578. Hugh Ofley Leatherseller one of the Sheriffes. 1588.
Now downe S. Mary stréete by the
West ende of the church to
wardes the North, stand diuers fayre houses for Marchantes, and other: namely one fayre great house, builded by Sir William Pickering the father, possessed by Sir William his sonne, and since by Sir Edward Wootton of Kent. North from this place is the Fletchers Hall, and so downe to the corner of that stréete, ouer against London wal, & againe Eastwards, to a fayre house lately builded, by M. Beale one of the Clearkes of the Counsell.
wardes the North, stand diuers fayre houses for Marchantes, and other: namely one fayre great house, builded by Sir William Pickering the father, possessed by Sir William his sonne, and since by Sir Edward Wootton of Kent. North from this place is the Fletchers Hall, and so downe to the corner of that stréete, ouer against London wal, & againe Eastwards, to a fayre house lately builded, by M. Beale one of the Clearkes of the Counsell.
Then come you to the Pappey, a proper house, wherein
some
time was kept a Fraternitie, or brotherhood of S. Charitie, and S. Iohn Euangelist, called the Papey,
ster, two Wardens, &c. Chaplens, Chauntery Priestes, conducts, and other brethren, and sisters, that should bee admitted into the Church of S. Augustine Papey in the Wall, the brethren of this house becomming lame, or otherwise into great pouertie, were here relieued, as to haue chamber, with certaine allowance of bread, drinke, and cole, and one olde man and his wife to sée them serued, and to kéepe the house cleane. This brotherhood a
mongst others was suppressed in the raigne of Edwarde the sixt, since the which time in this house hath beene lodged M. Moris of Essex, Sir Frauncis Walsingham principall Secretarie to her Maiestie, Mayster Barret of Essex &c.
time was kept a Fraternitie, or brotherhood of S. Charitie, and S. Iohn Euangelist, called the Papey,
Pappey a bro
therhood or Hospitall for poore priests.
for poore impotent Priestes, (for in some language Priestes are
called Papes) founded in the yeare 1430. by William Oliuer, William
Barnabie, and Iohn
Stafford Chaplens, or Chauntrie Priests in London, for a
Maytherhood or Hospitall for poore priests.
ster, two Wardens, &c. Chaplens, Chauntery Priestes, conducts, and other brethren, and sisters, that should bee admitted into the Church of S. Augustine Papey in the Wall, the brethren of this house becomming lame, or otherwise into great pouertie, were here relieued, as to haue chamber, with certaine allowance of bread, drinke, and cole, and one olde man and his wife to sée them serued, and to kéepe the house cleane. This brotherhood a
mongst others was suppressed in the raigne of Edwarde the sixt, since the which time in this house hath beene lodged M. Moris of Essex, Sir Frauncis Walsingham principall Secretarie to her Maiestie, Mayster Barret of Essex &c.
Then next is one great house large of roomes, fayre courts and garden plottes,
sometimes pertayning to the Bassets, since that to the Abbots of
Bury
in Suffolke, and therefore called
Buries Markes, (corruptly Beuis Markes) and since the dissolution of the
Abbey of Burie to Sir Thomas Henage
the father and the sonne. Then next vnto it is the
before spoken Priorie of the holy Trinity to wit,
the West and North part thereof, which stretcheth vp to Ealdgate where we first begun. Now againe in the second way
mongers hall: which companie was incorporated in the third of Edward the fourth. Richard Fleming was their first maister, Nicholas Marshall & Richard Cox were Custos or Wardens. And on the left hand or south side, euen by the gate and wall of the citie runneth downe a lane to the Tower hill,
ched (or crossed) Friers, founded by Raph Hosiar) & VVilliam Sabernes, about the yeare 1298. Stephen the 10, Prior of the holy Trinitiein London, granted 3. tenements for xiij.s̃.viij.ď. by the yeare, vnto the said Raph Hosiar, and William Sabernes, who aftrerwards became Friers of S. Crosse. Adam was the first Prior of that house. These Fryers founded their house in place of certaine tenements purchased of Richard VVimbush the 12. Prior of the holy Trinitie in the yeare 1319. which was confir
med by Edward the 3. the 17. of his raigne, valued at two & fiftie pound, thirtéene shillings, foure pence, surrendered the 12. of No
uember the 30. of Henry the eight. In this house was buried Mayster Iohn Tirres, Nicholas the sonne of William Ky
riel Esquire, Sir Thomas Mellington Baron of Wemese, and Dame Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heire of William Bote
lar Baron of Wome, Robert Mellington esquire, and Elizabeth his wife, daughter to Ferreis of Ousley, Henry Louell, sonne to William Lord Louell, Dame Isabell wife to William Edward, Mayor of London 1471. William Narborough, & Dame Eliza
beth his wife, William Narbrough, and Dame Beatrix his wife, William Brosked esquire, William Bowes, Lyonel Mol
lington esquire, son of Robert Mollington, Nicholas Couderow & Elizabeth his wife. Sir Iohn Stratford Knight, Sir Thomas Asseldy, Knight Clearke of the crowne, Submarshall of Eng
land, and Iustice of the shire of Middlesex, Iohn Rest Grocer Mayor of London 1516. Sir Iohn Skeuington Knight, Mer
chant Taylor, Sheriffe 1520. Sir Iohn Milborne Draper, Mayor in the yeare 1521. was buried there, but remoued since to S. Edmonds in Lombard streete, &c.
from
111
from Ealdgate more toward the south from the Well or Pumpe
aforesaid, lyeth Fenne Church stréete,
on the right hand whereof somewhat west from the south end
of Belzetters lane, is the Irōmongers hall: which companie was incorporated in the third of Edward the fourth. Richard Fleming was their first maister, Nicholas Marshall & Richard Cox were Custos or Wardens. And on the left hand or south side, euen by the gate and wall of the citie runneth downe a lane to the Tower hill,
A lane by the wall to the Tower
hill.
and out of this lane toward the west, a stréete called
Hart stréete. In this stréete, at the southeast
corner thereof sometime stowde one house of Crouched (or crossed) Friers, founded by Raph Hosiar) & VVilliam Sabernes, about the yeare 1298. Stephen the 10, Prior of the holy Trinitiein London, granted 3. tenements for xiij.s̃.viij.ď. by the yeare, vnto the said Raph Hosiar, and William Sabernes, who aftrerwards became Friers of S. Crosse. Adam was the first Prior of that house. These Fryers founded their house in place of certaine tenements purchased of Richard VVimbush the 12. Prior of the holy Trinitie in the yeare 1319. which was confir
med by Edward the 3. the 17. of his raigne, valued at two & fiftie pound, thirtéene shillings, foure pence, surrendered the 12. of No
uember the 30. of Henry the eight. In this house was buried Mayster Iohn Tirres, Nicholas the sonne of William Ky
riel Esquire, Sir Thomas Mellington Baron of Wemese, and Dame Elizabeth his wife, daughter and heire of William Bote
lar Baron of Wome, Robert Mellington esquire, and Elizabeth his wife, daughter to Ferreis of Ousley, Henry Louell, sonne to William Lord Louell, Dame Isabell wife to William Edward, Mayor of London 1471. William Narborough, & Dame Eliza
beth his wife, William Narbrough, and Dame Beatrix his wife, William Brosked esquire, William Bowes, Lyonel Mol
lington esquire, son of Robert Mollington, Nicholas Couderow & Elizabeth his wife. Sir Iohn Stratford Knight, Sir Thomas Asseldy, Knight Clearke of the crowne, Submarshall of Eng
land, and Iustice of the shire of Middlesex, Iohn Rest Grocer Mayor of London 1516. Sir Iohn Skeuington Knight, Mer
chant Taylor, Sheriffe 1520. Sir Iohn Milborne Draper, Mayor in the yeare 1521. was buried there, but remoued since to S. Edmonds in Lombard streete, &c.
In
11266
In place of
this church is now a carpenters yard, a Tennis court, and such like: the Fryers hall was made a glasse house,
The Glasse house burned.
or house wherein was made
glasse of diuers sorts to drinke in: which house in the yere 1575.
on the 4. of September brast out into a terrible fire, where being
practised all meanes possible to quench, not withstāding as ye same house in a smal time before, had consumed a great quantitie of wood by making of glasses, now it selfe hauing within it about 40000. Billets of woode was all consumed to the stone wals, which neuertheles greatly hindered the fire frō spreading any further. Adioyning vnto this Fryers church, by the East ende thereof, in the lane towardes the Tower hill, are certaine proper almes houses,
Almes houses by crossed Fri
ers.
14. in number, builded of Bricke and timber, founers.
ded by Sir Iohn Milborne Draper, sometime Mayor 1521. wherin be placed xiij. aged poore men, and their wiues, if they haue wiues: these haue their dwellings rent free, and ij.s̃.iiij.ď.the péece: the first day of euery moneth for euer. One also is to haue his house ouer the gate, and iiij.s̃.euery moneth &c. For the per
formance whereof by the mayster and wardens of the Drapers in London, he assured vnto them and their successors 23. Mes
suages and tenements and 18. garden plottes in the parish of S. Olaue in Hart stréete, with Prouiso, that if they performe not these points aboue mencioned and others, the said tenementes and gardens to remaine to the Mayor and communalty of the Citie of London &c. Next to these almes houses is the Lord Lumleyes house, builded in the time of Henry the eight, by Sir Thomas Wiat the father, vpon one plot of grounde of late pertayning to the foresaid Crossed Fryers, where part of their house stood: And this is the farthest part of Ealdgate ward, towards the south, and ioyneth to the Tower hill. The other side of that lane, ouer a
gainst the Lord Lumleyes house, on the wall side of the Cittie is now for the most part (or altogether) builded euen to Ealdgate.
Then haue ye on the south side of Fen church
stréete, ouer a
gainst the wall, amongst other fayre and large builded houses, one that sometime belonged to the Prior of Monte Ioues, or monaste
rie Cornute (a cell to Monte Ioues beyond the seas) in Essex: it was the Priors Inne, when he repayred to this cittie.
gainst the wall, amongst other fayre and large builded houses, one that sometime belonged to the Prior of Monte Ioues, or monaste
rie Cornute (a cell to Monte Ioues beyond the seas) in Essex: it was the Priors Inne, when he repayred to this cittie.
Prior of Horne church in
Essex.
Then a lane that leadeth downe by Northumberland house, towards the crossed Friers, as is afore shewed.
This
113
This Northumberland house in the parrish of S. Katherine Colman belonged to Henry Percy Earle of Northumberland in
the thrée & thirty of Henry the sixt, but of late being left by the
Earles, the Gardens thereof were made into Bowling Alleyes, and other partes into
dycing houses, common to all commers for their money, there to bowle and hasard,
but now of late so many Bowling allies and other houses for vnlawfull gaming, hath beene raised in other partes of the citie and suburbes, that this their auncient and onely patron of misrule, is left and forsaken of her Gamesters, and therefore turned into a number of greate ren
ted small cottages, for strangers and other. At the west ende of this Lane in the way from Ealdgate toward the Crossed Friers, of olde time were certaine Tenements called the poore Iurie
The poore Iu
ry.
of Iewes dwelling there. Next vnto this Northumberland house is the parish Church of S. Katheren called Coleman,
which addition of Coleman, was taken of a great Haw yarde or garry.
den, of olde time called Coleman haw, in the parish of the Trini
tie, now called Christes Church, and in the Parish of S. Ka
therine, and All Saintes called Coleman Church. Then haue ye the Blanch Chapleton, whereof I reade in the thirteenth of Edward the first, that a lane behinde the same Blanch Chaple
ton, was granted by the King to be inclosed and shut vp. This Blanch Chapleton was a mannor belonging to Sir Thomas Roes of Hamelake knight, the seuenth of Richard the second, stan
ding at the Northeast corner of Marte lane, which was so called of a Priuiledge sometime enioyed, so keepe a Marte there, now long time since discontinued, and therefore forgotten, so as no
thing remaineth for memorie, but the name of Mart lane, and that corruptly termed Marke lane. I reade that in the thirde of Ed
warde the fourth, all Basket makers, Wiar Drawers, and o
ther Forreyners, were permitted to haue shops, in this manner of Blanch Cappleton,
Basketmakers at Blanch
Chapleton.
and not else where within this citie or suburbs thereof: & this also being the farthest west part of this ward, on that southside I leaue it. Which hath one Alderman, his De
putie, common counsaylors six, Constables six, Schauengers 9. Wardmote men for inquest eightteene, and a Bedle. It is taxed to the Fifeteene in London, at 46.l. and accounted in the Exchequer to 45.l. 10.s̃.
I
114
THe next is Lymestreete warde,
and taketh the name Lymestreete,
ling of Lyme there, (as is supposed,) the East side of this Lymestreete, from the North corner thereof to the middest is of Ealdgate ward, as is aforesaide: the west side, for the most parte from the saide North corner, southward, is of this Lymestreete warde: the southende on both sides is of Langborne warde: the bodie of this Lymestreete warde, is of the high streete called Cornhill streete, which stretcheth from Limestreete on the south side, to the west corner of Leaden hall: and on the North side from the southwest corner of S. Marie streete, to an other corner ouer against Leaden hall.
Lymestreete.
of making or selling of Lyme there, (as is supposed,) the East side of this Lymestreete, from the North corner thereof to the middest is of Ealdgate ward, as is aforesaide: the west side, for the most parte from the saide North corner, southward, is of this Lymestreete warde: the southende on both sides is of Langborne warde: the bodie of this Lymestreete warde, is of the high streete called Cornhill streete, which stretcheth from Limestreete on the south side, to the west corner of Leaden hall: and on the North side from the southwest corner of S. Marie streete, to an other corner ouer against Leaden hall.
Now for S. Marie streete, the west side
thereof is of this Lime
streete warde, and also the streete which runneth by the North
ende of this S. Marie streete, on both sides, from thence west to an house called the Wrestlers (a signe so called) almost to Bi
shopsgate. And these are the bounds of this small warde.
streete warde, and also the streete which runneth by the North
ende of this S. Marie streete, on both sides, from thence west to an house called the Wrestlers (a signe so called) almost to Bi
shopsgate. And these are the bounds of this small warde.
Monuments or places notable in this warde be these: In Lyme
street are diuers fayr houses, for Marchants & others, there was sometime a mansion house of the kinges, called the kinges Artirce whereof I finde recorde in the 14. of Edwarde the first, but now grown out of knowledge. I reade also of an other greate house in the westside of Lymestreete, hauing a Chappel on the south, and a garden on the west, then belonging to the Lorde Neuell, (which Garden is now called the Greene yarde of the Leaden hal. This house in the ninth of Richard the second, pertayned to Sir Simon Burley, and Sir Iohn Burley, his brother, and of late the faide house was taken downe, and the forefront thereof new buil
ded of timber by Hugh Offley Alderman. At the North west cor
ner of Lymestreete was of olde time one greate Messuage called
ty of Taylors and Linnen Armorers of S. Iohn Baptill, in Lon
don, and to their successors for euer. They did set vp in place thereof a fayre large frame of timber, contayning in the high street one great house, and before it to the corner of Limestreete, three other Tenementes, the corner house being the largest, and then downe Limestreete diuers proper Tenementes. Al which the Marchant Taylors in the raigne of Edwarde the sixt solde to Stephen Kirton Marchantaylor, and Alderman: this worshipfull man, and the Gentlewoman his widdow after him, kept those houses in good reparations, neuer put out one Tennant, tooke no fines, nor raised Rents of them, which was x.s̃.the peece yearely: But whether that fauour did ouerliue her funerall, the Tenantes now can best declare.
street are diuers fayr houses, for Marchants & others, there was sometime a mansion house of the kinges, called the kinges Artirce whereof I finde recorde in the 14. of Edwarde the first, but now grown out of knowledge. I reade also of an other greate house in the westside of Lymestreete, hauing a Chappel on the south, and a garden on the west, then belonging to the Lorde Neuell, (which Garden is now called the Greene yarde of the Leaden hal. This house in the ninth of Richard the second, pertayned to Sir Simon Burley, and Sir Iohn Burley, his brother, and of late the faide house was taken downe, and the forefront thereof new buil
ded of timber by Hugh Offley Alderman. At the North west cor
ner of Lymestreete was of olde time one greate Messuage called
115
Benbriges Inne,
Ralph Hollend Draper, about the yere 1452. gaue it to
Iohn Gill, maister, and to the Wardens and Fraternity of Taylors and Linnen Armorers of S. Iohn Baptill, in Lon
don, and to their successors for euer. They did set vp in place thereof a fayre large frame of timber, contayning in the high street one great house, and before it to the corner of Limestreete, three other Tenementes, the corner house being the largest, and then downe Limestreete diuers proper Tenementes. Al which the Marchant Taylors in the raigne of Edwarde the sixt solde to Stephen Kirton Marchantaylor, and Alderman: this worshipfull man, and the Gentlewoman his widdow after him, kept those houses in good reparations, neuer put out one Tennant, tooke no fines, nor raised Rents of them, which was x.s̃.the peece yearely: But whether that fauour did ouerliue her funerall, the Tenantes now can best declare.
Next vnto this on the high streete, was the Lorde
Souches Messuage
or Tenement and other.
In place whereof Richarde VVhethill,
Marchant Taylor builded a fayre house, with an high Tower, the second in number,
and first of timber, that euer I learned to haue beene builded to ouerlooke
neighboures in this citie.
This Richarde then a young man became in
short time so tormented with Goutes in his ioyntes, of the hands and legges, that
hee could neither feede himselfe, nor goe farther then hee was led, much lesse,
was hee able to clime, and take the pleasure of the height of his Tower. Then is
there an other fayre house, builded by Stephen
Kyiton Alderman, Alderman Lee
doth now possesse it.
Then is there a fayre house of olde time called the Greene
gate,
rish of S, Andrew vpon Cornhill, in Lymestreete ward: since the which time Philip Malpas, sometime Alderman, and one of the Shiriffes dwelled therein, and was there rob
bed, and spoiled of his goodes to a greate value, by Iacke Cade
Patent.
by which name one
Mighel Pistoy Lumbard held it, with a
tenement & 9. shops, in the raigne of Richard
the second, who in
the 15. of his raigne gaue it to Roger
Crophull, and Thomas
Bromeflet, Esquiers, by the name of the Greene gate,
in the parish of S, Andrew vpon Cornhill, in Lymestreete ward: since the which time Philip Malpas, sometime Alderman, and one of the Shiriffes dwelled therein, and was there rob
bed, and spoiled of his goodes to a greate value, by Iacke Cade
and
I2
116
and other
Rebels in the yeare 1449.
Afterwades in the raigne of Henry the seuenth, it was sea
sed into the kinges handes, and then granted, first vnto Iohn Al
ston, after that to William de la Riuars, and since by Henry the eight, to Iohn Mutas (a Picarde) or Frenchman, who dwelled there, and harbored in his house, many Frenchmen, that kalen
dred wolstedes, and did other thinges contrary to the Franchises of the Citizens: wherefore on euill May day, which was in the yeare 1517. the Prentizes and other spoiled his house: and if they could haue found Mutas,
sed into the kinges handes, and then granted, first vnto Iohn Al
ston, after that to William de la Riuars, and since by Henry the eight, to Iohn Mutas (a Picarde) or Frenchman, who dwelled there, and harbored in his house, many Frenchmen, that kalen
dred wolstedes, and did other thinges contrary to the Franchises of the Citizens: wherefore on euill May day, which was in the yeare 1517. the Prentizes and other spoiled his house: and if they could haue found Mutas,
Mutas house
robbed.
they would haue striken off his head. Sir Peter Mutas a seruiceable Gentleman, sonne to the said
Iohn Mutas, solde this house to
Dauid Wodrofte Alderman, whose sonne
Sir Nicholas Wodroffe Alderman, solde
it ouer to Iohn Moore Alderman, that now
possesseth it.
Next is a house called the Leaden Portch
lately deuided into two Tenementes, whereof one is a Tauerne, and then one other
house for a Marchante, likewise called, the Leaden
Portch: but now turned to a Cookes house, next is a fayre house and a
large, wherein diuers Maioralities haue beene kept, whereof twaine in my
remembrance: to wit Sir William Bowiar, and
Sir Henry Huberthorne.
The next is Leaden Hall,
of which I
reade, that in the yere 1309. it belonged to Sir
Hugh Neuill knight, and that the La
die Alice his widow, made a Feofment thereof, by the name of Leaden hall, with the aduowsons of the Church of S. Peter vpon Cornhill, and other churches, to Richard Earle of Arundel and Surrey, 1362. More in the yeare 1380. Alice Neuill, widow to Sir Iohn Neuill knight of Essex, confirmed to Thomas Cogshal, & others the said Manor of Leaden hal, ye aduowsions &c. In the yere 1384. Humphrey de Bohun, Earle of Hereforde, had the saide Mannor.68 And in the yeare 1408. Robert Rike
den of Essex, and Margaret his wife confirmed to Richarde Whitington and other citizens of London, the saide Mannor of Leaden hall, with the Appurtenances, the aduowsions of S. Peters Church, S. Margarets Pattens, &c, And in the yere 1411 the saide Whitington and other confirmed the same to the Maior and Comminaltie of London, whereby it came to the possession
taine Granarie vpon the soile of the same citie at Leaden hall, of his owne charges, for the common vtilitie of the saide citie, to the amplifiyng, and enlarging of the saide Garnary, granted to Henry Frowicke then Maior, the Aldermen, and Comminaltie and their successors, for euer, all their Tenementes, with the Appurtenances sometime called the Horsemill in Grasse streete, for the anuall rente of foure pounde, &c. Also certaine Euidences (of an Alley and Tenements pertayning to the Horsemill,
ning to the saide Leaden hall in Grassestreete, giuen by William Kingstone Fishmonger, vnto the parish church of S. Peter vpon Cornehill) do specifie the saide Granary to be builded by the said honorable and famous Marchant Symon Eyre, sometime an Up
holster, & then a Draper, in the yere 1419. he builded it of squa
red stone, in forme as now it sheweth, with a fayre & large chap
pell in the east side of the Quadrante ouer the Portch of which hée caused to be written. Dextra Domini exultauit me, the Lords right hand hath exalted me: hee deceased in the yeare 1459,
bard street. he gaue by his Testament (which I haue read) to be distributed, to al prisoners in London,
stablish perpetually a Maister or Warden, 5. secular Priestes, sixe Clarkes and two Queristers to sing dayly diuine seruice, by note for euer in his Chappell of the Leaden hall: Also three
ster to haue for his Salary ten pound: & euerie other Priest eight pound, euery other Clarke, fiue pound six shillinges eight pence, and euery other Chorister, fiue markes: and if the Drapers re
fused this to doe within one yeare after his decease, then the three thousand Markes to remaine to the Prior and Couent of Christs Church in London, with condition to establsh as is aforesaide, within two yeares after his decease, and if they refused, then the three thousand marks to be disposed by his Executors as they best could deuise in workes of charity: thus much for his Testament not performed by establishing of diuine seruice in his chappell, or frée schooles for schollers, neither how the stocke of thrée thousand markes was imployed by his Executors, coulde I euer learne, fly
ing tales haue I hearde, but not of credit, to auouch, and therefore I ouer passe them: hee left issue Thomas, who had issue Tho
mas, &c. True it is that in the yeare 1464. the thirde of Edward the fourth70, it was agreede by the Maior, Aldermen, and Com
minalty of London, that notwithstanding the kinges letters pa
tentes, lately before granted vnto them touching the Troynage or Weighing of wares to be holden at the Leaden hall, yet suite should be made to the king for new letters pattents to be granted to the Maior of the Staple, for the Tronage of Wolles to be hol
den there, & order to be taken, by the discretion of Thomas Cooke, then Maior, ye counsaile of the citie, Geffery Filding, then Maior of the Staple at Westminster, and of his counsaile, what shoulde be paide to the Maior and Aldermen of the citie for the laying and howsing of the Woolles there, that so they might be brought forth and weighed, &c.
die Alice his widow, made a Feofment thereof, by the name of Leaden hall, with the aduowsons of the Church of S. Peter vpon Cornhill, and other churches, to Richard Earle of Arundel and Surrey, 1362. More in the yeare 1380. Alice Neuill, widow to Sir Iohn Neuill knight of Essex, confirmed to Thomas Cogshal, & others the said Manor of Leaden hal, ye aduowsions &c. In the yere 1384. Humphrey de Bohun, Earle of Hereforde, had the saide Mannor.68 And in the yeare 1408. Robert Rike
den of Essex, and Margaret his wife confirmed to Richarde Whitington and other citizens of London, the saide Mannor of Leaden hall, with the Appurtenances, the aduowsions of S. Peters Church, S. Margarets Pattens, &c, And in the yere 1411 the saide Whitington and other confirmed the same to the Maior and Comminaltie of London, whereby it came to the possession
of
11769
of the
Citie. Then in the yeare 1443. the 21. of Henry the sixt,
Licence to take vp leade to the buil
ding vp of common Granarie.
Iohn Hatherley Maior, purchased licence of
the saide king to take vp 200. fodar of leade, for the building of water
conduites, a common Granary, and the Crosse in west
Cheap, more richlie for honor of the Citie. In the yeare next following
the Parson and Parish of S. Dunstone in the
east of London, seeing the famous and mighty man (for the wordes be in
the graunte: cum nobilis & potens. vir.) Symon Eyre, citizen of London, among other his works
of pietie, effectually determined to erect and build a cerding vp of common Granarie.
taine Granarie vpon the soile of the same citie at Leaden hall, of his owne charges, for the common vtilitie of the saide citie, to the amplifiyng, and enlarging of the saide Garnary, granted to Henry Frowicke then Maior, the Aldermen, and Comminaltie and their successors, for euer, all their Tenementes, with the Appurtenances sometime called the Horsemill in Grasse streete, for the anuall rente of foure pounde, &c. Also certaine Euidences (of an Alley and Tenements pertayning to the Horsemill,
Horsmill in Grassestreete
adioyning to the saide Leaden hall in Grassestreete, giuen by William Kingstone Fishmonger, vnto the parish church of S. Peter vpon Cornehill) do specifie the saide Granary to be builded by the said honorable and famous Marchant Symon Eyre, sometime an Up
holster, & then a Draper, in the yere 1419. he builded it of squa
red stone, in forme as now it sheweth, with a fayre & large chap
pell in the east side of the Quadrante ouer the Portch of which hée caused to be written. Dextra Domini exultauit me, the Lords right hand hath exalted me: hee deceased in the yeare 1459,
Leaden hall now builded to bee a com
mon garnar.
and was buried in his
Parish Church of S. Marie Wolnoth: in
Lommon garnar.
bard street. he gaue by his Testament (which I haue read) to be distributed, to al prisoners in London,
A Chappell builded
in Leaden hall.
or within one mile of that
cittie, somewhat to releeue them. More hee gaue two thousand markes vpon a
condition which not performed, was then to bee distributed, to maides
marriages,
Legacies giuen by Symon Eyre.
and other deedes of charity, hee
also gaue three thousand markes to the Company of Drapers vpon condition they
should within one yeare after his decease establish perpetually a Maister or Warden, 5. secular Priestes, sixe Clarkes and two Queristers to sing dayly diuine seruice, by note for euer in his Chappell of the Leaden hall: Also three
Schoolemaisters
I3
118
Schoolemaisters, with an Usher, to wit, one Maister with an Ushar for Grammar, one
Maister for writing, and the thirde for Song with howsing there newly builded for
them for euer, the maister to haue for his Salary ten pound: & euerie other Priest eight pound, euery other Clarke, fiue pound six shillinges eight pence, and euery other Chorister, fiue markes: and if the Drapers re
fused this to doe within one yeare after his decease, then the three thousand Markes to remaine to the Prior and Couent of Christs Church in London, with condition to establsh as is aforesaide, within two yeares after his decease, and if they refused, then the three thousand marks to be disposed by his Executors as they best could deuise in workes of charity: thus much for his Testament not performed by establishing of diuine seruice in his chappell, or frée schooles for schollers, neither how the stocke of thrée thousand markes was imployed by his Executors, coulde I euer learne, fly
ing tales haue I hearde, but not of credit, to auouch, and therefore I ouer passe them: hee left issue Thomas, who had issue Tho
mas, &c. True it is that in the yeare 1464. the thirde of Edward the fourth70, it was agreede by the Maior, Aldermen, and Com
minalty of London, that notwithstanding the kinges letters pa
tentes, lately before granted vnto them touching the Troynage or Weighing of wares to be holden at the Leaden hall, yet suite should be made to the king for new letters pattents to be granted to the Maior of the Staple, for the Tronage of Wolles to be hol
den there, & order to be taken, by the discretion of Thomas Cooke, then Maior, ye counsaile of the citie, Geffery Filding, then Maior of the Staple at Westminster, and of his counsaile, what shoulde be paide to the Maior and Aldermen of the citie for the laying and howsing of the Woolles there, that so they might be brought forth and weighed, &c.
Touching the chappell there, I finde that in the yeare 1466. by licence
obtayned of king Edwarde the fourth, in the
sixt of his raigne, a
Fraternitie of the
Trinity, of 60. priestes,
(besides o
ther Brethren, and Sisters) in the same Chappell was foun
ded by William Rouse, Iohn Risbie, and Thomas Ashby, priestes, some of the which 60 priestes, euery market day, in the fore noone, did celebrate diuine seruice there, to such market
together, and had solemne seruice, with procession of all the bre
thren and sisters. This foundation was in the yere, 1512. by a common counsaile confirmed to the 60. Trinity Priestes, and to their successors at the will of the Maior and Comminaltie. Now it did befall that in the yeare, 1484. a greate fire happened vpon this Leaden hal,
uision belonging to the Citie, which was a greate losse, and no lesse charge to be repaired by them. In the yere 1503. the eighteenth of Henry the seuenth, a request was made by the Cōmons of the Citie, concerning the vsage of the saide Leaden hall, in forme as followeth. Please it the Lord Maior, Aldermen, and common Counsaile, to enact that all French men, bringing Canuas, Lin
nen cloth, and other wares to be solde, and all Forrens bringing Wolffeds, Sayes, Staimus, Kiuerings, Nayles, Iron worke,
ny other place then aforesaide, the shew of the saide wares to bee made three dayes in the weeke, that is to say Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, it is also thought reasonable that the common Beame be kept from henceforth in the Leaden hall, and the Far
mer to pay therefore reasonable rent to the chamber: for better it is that the chamber haue aduantage thereby, then a Forren per
son, & also the saide Leaden hal, which is more chargeable now by halfe then profitable, shall better beare out the charges thereof, also the common Beame
ly a rent to the chamber of London, toward supportation and charges of the same place: for reason it is, that a common office occupied vpon a common ground beare a charge to the vse of the Comminaltie: also that Forrens bringing wolles, Fels, or any o
ther Marchandizes or wares to Leaden hall,
ther Brethren, and Sisters) in the same Chappell was foun
ded by William Rouse, Iohn Risbie, and Thomas Ashby, priestes, some of the which 60 priestes, euery market day, in the fore noone, did celebrate diuine seruice there, to such market
people
119
people as
repayred to prayer, and once euery yeare, they mette altogether, and had solemne seruice, with procession of all the bre
thren and sisters. This foundation was in the yere, 1512. by a common counsaile confirmed to the 60. Trinity Priestes, and to their successors at the will of the Maior and Comminaltie. Now it did befall that in the yeare, 1484. a greate fire happened vpon this Leaden hal,
Leaden hall
burned.
by what casualty I know not, but much howsing was there
destroyed with all the stockes for Guns, and other prouision belonging to the Citie, which was a greate losse, and no lesse charge to be repaired by them. In the yere 1503. the eighteenth of Henry the seuenth, a request was made by the Cōmons of the Citie, concerning the vsage of the saide Leaden hall, in forme as followeth. Please it the Lord Maior, Aldermen, and common Counsaile, to enact that all French men, bringing Canuas, Lin
nen cloth, and other wares to be solde, and all Forrens bringing Wolffeds, Sayes, Staimus, Kiuerings, Nayles, Iron worke,
A request of the Citizens to
the Maior and Aldermen.
or any other wares, and also all manner Forrens
bringing Lead to the citie to be solde, shall bring all such their wares
aforesaide to the open market of Leaden hall there,
Leaden
hall market for Canuas and Linnen cloth.
and no where else to
be shewed, solde and vttered, like as of old time it hath beene vsed, vpon paine
of forfeyture of all the saide wares shewed or solde in any other place then aforesaide, the shew of the saide wares to bee made three dayes in the weeke, that is to say Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, it is also thought reasonable that the common Beame be kept from henceforth in the Leaden hall, and the Far
mer to pay therefore reasonable rent to the chamber: for better it is that the chamber haue aduantage thereby, then a Forren per
son, & also the saide Leaden hal, which is more chargeable now by halfe then profitable, shall better beare out the charges thereof, also the common Beame
Common Beame to be kept in Leaden hall.
for wolle at Leaden
hall,
Leaden
hall pertayning to the Commi
naltie.
may pay yearenaltie.
ly a rent to the chamber of London, toward supportation and charges of the same place: for reason it is, that a common office occupied vpon a common ground beare a charge to the vse of the Comminaltie: also that Forrens bringing wolles, Fels, or any o
ther Marchandizes or wares to Leaden hall,
Wools, Fels, and other
marchandize to be sold, in Leaden hall.
to
bee kept there for the sale and market, may pay
more largely for the keeping of their goodes,
then Free men. Thus much for the request of
the
I4
120
the
Commons at this time.
Now to set downe some proofe that the saide hall hath beene imployed and vsed as a
Granarie for Corne and Grayne (as the same was first appointed) leauing all former
examples, this one may suffice: Roger
Acheley Maior
of
London, in the yere 1512. the thirde of Henry the eight, when
the saide Maior entred the Maioralitie, there was not found one hundred quarters
of wheate in al the Garners of the citie, eyther within the Liberties or neare
adioyning: through the which scarcitie, when the Cartes of Stratforde
ior laide out the money and stowed it vp in Leaden hall, and other Garnars of the Citie. This Maior also kept the market so wel, that he would be at the Leaden hall, by foure a clocke in the som
mer morninges, and from thence hee went to other markets, to the great comfort of the Citizens. I reade also that in the yeare, 1528. the 20. of Henry the eight, Surueyers were appointed to view the Garnars of the Citie, namely the Bri71dge house, and the Leaden hal, how they were stored of Grayne for seruice of the Citie: And because I haue here before spoken of the breade cartes comming from Stratforde at the Bow, yee shall vnderstand that of olde time the Bakers of Bread at Stratforde, were allowed to bring dayly (except the Saboath and principall Feast) diuers long Cartes laden with Bread, the same being two ounces in the pen
ny wheat loafe heauier then the penny wheate loafe baked in the Citie, the same to bee solde in Cheape, thrée or foure Cartes stan
ding there, betweene Guthurans lane, and Fausters lane ende, one cart on Cornhill by the Conduite, and one other in Grasse
streete. And I haue read that in the fourth yeare of Edwarde the second, Richarde Reffeham being Maior, a Baker na
med Iohn of Stratforde:
ing Mayor of London, I reade in the visions of Pierce Plow
man, a booke so called as followeth.
Bread carts of Stratford at the
Bow.
came
laden with Bread to the Citie (as they had béen accustomed) there was such presse
aboute them, that one man was readie to destroy an other, in striuing to be serued
for their monie: but this scarcitie lasted not long: for the Maior in short time
made such prouision of Wheate, that the Bakers both of London, and of
Stratforde were weary of taking it vp, and were forced to take much
more then they wold, and for the rest the Maior laide out the money and stowed it vp in Leaden hall, and other Garnars of the Citie. This Maior also kept the market so wel, that he would be at the Leaden hall, by foure a clocke in the som
mer morninges, and from thence hee went to other markets, to the great comfort of the Citizens. I reade also that in the yeare, 1528. the 20. of Henry the eight, Surueyers were appointed to view the Garnars of the Citie, namely the Bri71dge house, and the Leaden hal, how they were stored of Grayne for seruice of the Citie: And because I haue here before spoken of the breade cartes comming from Stratforde at the Bow, yee shall vnderstand that of olde time the Bakers of Bread at Stratforde, were allowed to bring dayly (except the Saboath and principall Feast) diuers long Cartes laden with Bread, the same being two ounces in the pen
ny wheat loafe heauier then the penny wheate loafe baked in the Citie, the same to bee solde in Cheape, thrée or foure Cartes stan
ding there, betweene Guthurans lane, and Fausters lane ende, one cart on Cornhill by the Conduite, and one other in Grasse
streete. And I haue read that in the fourth yeare of Edwarde the second, Richarde Reffeham being Maior, a Baker na
med Iohn of Stratforde:
Liber d. A Baker of Stratford pu
nished in Lon
don for ba
king bread vn
der the Assise.
for making Breade lesser then
the Assisse, was with a fooles whoode on his head, and loues of bread
nished in Lon
don for ba
king bread vn
der the Assise.
aboute
121
about his
neck, drawn on a hurdle through the stréets of this citie: Moreouer in the 44. of Edward the thirde. Iohn
Chichester being Mayor of London, I reade in the visions of Pierce Plow
man, a booke so called as followeth.
There was a carefull commune, when no cart came to towne with baked bread fro
Stratford: tho gan beggars weep & worke
men were agast, a little this will be thought long in the date of our Drirte, in a drie Auerell a thousand and three hundred, twise thirtie and tenne &c.
men were agast, a little this will be thought long in the date of our Drirte, in a drie Auerell a thousand and three hundred, twise thirtie and tenne &c.
These Bakers of Stratford left seruing of this Citie I know not vpon what
occasion, about 30. yeares since: In the yeare 1519. a petition
to your good Lordship, and maysterships, diuers cittzens of this Cittie, which vnder correction thinke, that the great place called the Leaden hall, should nor ought not to be letten to farme, to any person or persons, and in especiall to any fellowship or companie incorporate, to haue and hold the same hall for tearme of yeares, for such inconueniences as therby may ensue, and come to the hurt72 of the common weale of the said cittie, in time to come, as some
what more largely may appeare in the articles following.
A petition by the commons concerning the vse of the
Leaden hall.
was exhibited by the
commons to the common counsaile, and was by them allowed, concerning the Leaden hall, how they would haue it vsed, viz. Méekely
beseeching sheweth vnto your good Lordship, and maysterships, diuers cittzens of this Cittie, which vnder correction thinke, that the great place called the Leaden hall, should nor ought not to be letten to farme, to any person or persons, and in especiall to any fellowship or companie incorporate, to haue and hold the same hall for tearme of yeares, for such inconueniences as therby may ensue, and come to the hurt72 of the common weale of the said cittie, in time to come, as some
what more largely may appeare in the articles following.
First if any assemblie, or hastie gathering of the commons of the said Cittie for
oppressing or subduing, of misruled people with
in the said Cittie hereafter shall happen to be called or commanded by the Mayor, Aldermen, and other gouernors and counsellors of the saide cittie for the time being, there is none so conuenient méet and necessarie a place to assemble them in, within the said cittie, as the said Leaden hall, both for largenes of roome, and for their sure defence in time of their counselling together about the premises. Also in that place hath béen vsed the artillerie, Guns, and other ar
mors of the said cittie to be safely kept in a readines for ye safegard, wealth, and defence of the said cittie, to bee had and occupyed at times when néede required. As also the store of timber for the ne
cessarie reparations of the tenements belonging to the chamber of the said citie, there cōmonly hath beene kept. Item if any triumph or noblenesse were to be done or shewed by the communalty of the
pointed, Item, at any largesse or dole of any money made vnto the poore people of this cittie, it hath beene vsed to be done and gi
uen in the said Leaden Hall,
monly said) the market men and women that came to the Cittie with victuailes and other thinges should haue their free standing within the said Leaden Hall in wet weather, to kéepe themselues and their wares dry, and thereby to incourage them and all other to haue the better will and desire the more plenteously to resort to the said Cittie, to victuaile the same. And if the saide Hall should be letten to farme, the will of the said honorable father should ne
uer be fulfilled nor take effect. Item, if the said place which is the chiefe fortresse and most necessarie place within all the Cittie, for the tuition and safegarde of the same, should be letten to farme out of the handes of the chiefe heades of the same Citie, and especially to an other bodie politique, it might at length by likelihood bee oc
casion of discord, and debate betwéene the saide bodies politique, which God defend.
in the said Cittie hereafter shall happen to be called or commanded by the Mayor, Aldermen, and other gouernors and counsellors of the saide cittie for the time being, there is none so conuenient méet and necessarie a place to assemble them in, within the said cittie, as the said Leaden hall, both for largenes of roome, and for their sure defence in time of their counselling together about the premises. Also in that place hath béen vsed the artillerie, Guns, and other ar
mors of the said cittie to be safely kept in a readines for ye safegard, wealth, and defence of the said cittie, to bee had and occupyed at times when néede required. As also the store of timber for the ne
cessarie reparations of the tenements belonging to the chamber of the said citie, there cōmonly hath beene kept. Item if any triumph or noblenesse were to be done or shewed by the communalty of the
cittie
I5
122
cittie for
the honour of our soueraigne Lord, the King, and realme, and for the worship of
the said cittie, the said Leaden hall is most meete
and conuenient place to prepare and order the said triumph therein, and from
thence to issue forth to the places therefore appointed, Item, at any largesse or dole of any money made vnto the poore people of this cittie, it hath beene vsed to be done and gi
uen in the said Leaden Hall,
Leaden Hall a market place for victulers & the
people to stand drie.
for that the said place is most meete therefore.
Item, the honorable Father, that was maker of the said hall, had a
speciall will, intent and mind, that (as it is commonly said) the market men and women that came to the Cittie with victuailes and other thinges should haue their free standing within the said Leaden Hall in wet weather, to kéepe themselues and their wares dry, and thereby to incourage them and all other to haue the better will and desire the more plenteously to resort to the said Cittie, to victuaile the same. And if the saide Hall should be letten to farme, the will of the said honorable father should ne
uer be fulfilled nor take effect. Item, if the said place which is the chiefe fortresse and most necessarie place within all the Cittie, for the tuition and safegarde of the same, should be letten to farme out of the handes of the chiefe heades of the same Citie, and especially to an other bodie politique, it might at length by likelihood bee oc
casion of discord, and debate betwéene the saide bodies politique, which God defend.
For these and many other great and resonable causes, which hereafter shalbe shewed
to this honourable Court, your said besée
chers think it much necessary, that the said Hall be stil in the hands of this cittie, and to be surely kept by sadde and discréet officers in such wise, that it may alway be ready to be vsed and occupyed for the common weale of the said Citie, when need shal require, and in no wise to bee letten to any bodie politique. Thus much for the petition.
chers think it much necessary, that the said Hall be stil in the hands of this cittie, and to be surely kept by sadde and discréet officers in such wise, that it may alway be ready to be vsed and occupyed for the common weale of the said Citie, when need shal require, and in no wise to bee letten to any bodie politique. Thus much for the petition.
About the yeare 1534. great meanes was made about the Leaden Hall to haue the same
made a Burse for the assemblie of marchants, as they had béene accustomed in Lombard stréet, ma
ny common counselles, were called to that ende, but in the yeare 1535. Iohn Champnais being Mayor, it was fully concluded that the Burse should remaine in Lombard stréete, as afore: and
ny common counselles, were called to that ende, but in the yeare 1535. Iohn Champnais being Mayor, it was fully concluded that the Burse should remaine in Lombard stréete, as afore: and
123
Leaden Hall no more to be spoken of concerning this
matter.
The vse of Leaden Hall in my youth was thus: In a
part of the North quadrant on the East side of the North gate, was the common
beames for weighing of wooll, and other wares, as had béene accustomed: on the
west side the gate was the scales to way meale: the other thrée sides were
reserued for the most part to the making and resting of the pageants shewed at
midsommer in the watch: the remnant of the sides and quadrantes were imployed for
the stowage of wooll sackes, but not closed vp: the lofts aboue were partly vsed
by the painters in working for the decking of pa
geants and other deuises, for beautifying of the watch and watch
men, the residue of the loftes were letten out to marchantes, the wooll winders and packers therein to wind and pack their wools: And thus much for Leaden Hall may suffice.
geants and other deuises, for beautifying of the watch and watch
men, the residue of the loftes were letten out to marchantes, the wooll winders and packers therein to wind and pack their wools: And thus much for Leaden Hall may suffice.
Now on the North of Limestréete warde in the high
stréet, are diuers faire houses for marchants, and proper tenements for ar
tificers, with an alley also called Shaft Alley, of the shaft or May
pole sometime resting ouer the gale thereof, as I haue declared in Aldegate warde. In the yeare 1576 partly at the charges of the parish of S. Andrew, and partly at the charges of the chamber of London, a water pumpe
stréete warde, néere vnto Limestréet corner: for the placing of the which pumpe, hauing broken vp the ground, they were forced to digge more then two fadome déepe before they came to any maine ground:
ches thicke: they found cole lying there also, (for that lying whole will neuer consume) then digging one fadome into the maine they found water sufficient, and set vp the pumpe. Thus much for the high stréete.
tificers, with an alley also called Shaft Alley, of the shaft or May
pole sometime resting ouer the gale thereof, as I haue declared in Aldegate warde. In the yeare 1576 partly at the charges of the parish of S. Andrew, and partly at the charges of the chamber of London, a water pumpe
A pumpe in the high street of Limestreet warde.
was raised in this high
stréet of Limestréete warde, néere vnto Limestréet corner: for the placing of the which pumpe, hauing broken vp the ground, they were forced to digge more then two fadome déepe before they came to any maine ground:
Cornehil
street in some place raysed 2, fadom higher then of old time, as ap
peared by buil
dings founde so deep.
where they found a harth
made of Britaine (or Romayne) tyle as they call it, euery tile halfe yarde square
and about two inpeared by buil
dings founde so deep.
ches thicke: they found cole lying there also, (for that lying whole will neuer consume) then digging one fadome into the maine they found water sufficient, and set vp the pumpe. Thus much for the high stréete.
In S. Mary streete had ye
of old time parish Church of S. Mary the
virgine, S. Vrsula, and the 11000.
virgines, which Church was commonly called S. Mary at the Axe, of the signe of an Axe,
ouer against the East end thereof, or S. Marie Pellipar of a plot of
ground lying on the North side thereof, pertayning to the Skinners in
London. This parrish about the yeare 1565. was vnited to the
parish Church of S. Andrew Vndershaft,
stine,
gustine was pulled downe, and in place thereof one Grey a Po
thecarie builded a stable, and a heyloft: it is now a dwelling house, reseruing the Church yarde for a garden plot. Those two parish Churches both lying in the Warde of Limestréet, being thus sup
pressed, there is not any one parish church or place for diuine seruice in that warde, but the inhabitants thereof repayre to Churches, out of their Ward, namely to S. Peter vpon Cornehill in Corne
hill warde, S. Andrew in Aldegate warde, Alhallowes in the wall in Breadstréete warde, and some to S. Denis in Langborne warde. Now because of late there hath beene some question, to what ward this Church or chappel of S. Augustine Papie should of right belong, for the same hath béen challenged by them of Ald
gate warde, and without reason taken into Bishopsgate warde, from Limestréete warde, I am somewhat to touch it. About 30. yeares since the chamber of London granted a lease of ground (in these words) lying néere London wall in the ward of Limestréet,
pey, towardes Bishopsgate &c. On the which plat of grounde the lease, builded thrée faire tenements, and placed tennantes there: these were charged to beare scot and lot, and some of them to beare office in Limestréete warde: all which they willingly did without grudging. And when any suspected or disordered persons were by the Landlord placed there, the officers of Limestréete warde fetch
ed them out of their houses, committed them to the warde, procu
red their due punishments, and banished them from thence: where
by in short time that place was reformed & brought into good or
der:
ses to be of his warde: but I my selfe shewing a faire ledgier booke sometime pertaining to the late dissolued Priorie of the holy Tri
nitie within Aldegate, wherein were set downe the iust bounds of Aldegate ward, before Sir Thomas Offley,Sir Rowland Hey
ward, the common counsell and Wardemote inquest of the saide Limestréete ward, Sir Thomas Offley gaue ouer his challenge: and so that matter rested in good quiet, vntill the yeare 1579. that Sir Rychard Pype being Mayor, and Alderman of Bishopsgate warde challenged those houses, to be of his Warde, whereunto (without reason shewed) Sir Rowland Heyward yeelded: and thus is that side of the stréete from the North corner of S. Mary stréete, almost to Bishopsgate, (wherein is one plot of ground let
ten by the Chamberlaine of London to the parish of S. Martins Otoswich, to be a churchyard, or burying place for the dead of that parish &c.) vniustly drawne from the warde of Limestreet. Di
uers other proofes I could set downe, but this one following may suffice. The Mayor and Aldermen of London made a graunt to the fraternitie of Papie, in these wordes: Bee it remembred that where now of late the mayster and wardens of the fraterni
tie of the Papie haue made a bricke wall, closing in the chappell of Saint Augustine called Papie Chappell, scituate in the parish of All-saintes in the wall, in the Warde of Limestreet of the citie of London: from the southeast corner of the which bricke wall, is a scutcheon of xxi.foote of assise from the said corner East
ward. And from the same scuncheon there to a messuage of 55. foot & a halfe westward, the said scuncheon breaketh out of line right southward betwixt the measures aforesaid, iij, foot, and fiue inches of assise, vpon the commō ground of the citie aforesaid, Raph Ver
ney Mayor, & the Aldermen of the same cittie the xxij.day of Oc
tober, the sixt yeare of Edward the fourth graunted to Iohn Hod priest, mayster Iohn Bolt & Thomas Pachet priestes, wardens of the fraternity of Papie aforesaid, and to their successors for euer, &c. yeelding iiij.ď.sterling yearely at Michelmas, and this is (saith my booke) inrolled in the Guildhall in London: which is a suffi
cient proofe the same plotte of ground to be of Limestréet ward.
and
124
and so was
S. Mary at the Axe suppressed, and
letten out to bee a warehouse for a Marchant. Also against the North end of this
S. Mary stréete was sometime one other
parish Church of S. Augustine,
Parish church of S. Austine in the wall made
a chap
pell to the pa
pey, and since pulled downe made a stable.
called S. Augustine in the wall, for that
if stood adioyning to the wall of the Citie: and otherwise called S. Augustines Papey, for that about the yeare
1430. in the raigne of Henry the sixt, the same Church was allowed to
the brethren of the Papey, the house of poore priestes, whereof I haue
spoken in Aldgate warde. The parishioners
of this Church were appointed to the parish Church of
Alhallowes in the wall, which is in Breadstreet
ward,
this brotherhood (called Papey) being suppressed, the church of S. Aupell to the pa
pey, and since pulled downe made a stable.
gustine was pulled downe, and in place thereof one Grey a Po
thecarie builded a stable, and a heyloft: it is now a dwelling house, reseruing the Church yarde for a garden plot. Those two parish Churches both lying in the Warde of Limestréet, being thus sup
pressed, there is not any one parish church or place for diuine seruice in that warde, but the inhabitants thereof repayre to Churches, out of their Ward, namely to S. Peter vpon Cornehill in Corne
hill warde, S. Andrew in Aldegate warde, Alhallowes in the wall in Breadstréete warde, and some to S. Denis in Langborne warde. Now because of late there hath beene some question, to what ward this Church or chappel of S. Augustine Papie should of right belong, for the same hath béen challenged by them of Ald
gate warde, and without reason taken into Bishopsgate warde, from Limestréete warde, I am somewhat to touch it. About 30. yeares since the chamber of London granted a lease of ground (in these words) lying néere London wall in the ward of Limestréet,
Houses by London wall, in the warde of
Limestreet.
from the West of the said church or chappell of
S. Augustine, Papey, towardes Bishopsgate &c. On the which plat of grounde the lease, builded thrée faire tenements, and placed tennantes there: these were charged to beare scot and lot, and some of them to beare office in Limestréete warde: all which they willingly did without grudging. And when any suspected or disordered persons were by the Landlord placed there, the officers of Limestréete warde fetch
ed them out of their houses, committed them to the warde, procu
red their due punishments, and banished them from thence: where
by in short time that place was reformed & brought into good or
der:
which
125
which
thing being noted by them of Aldegate Warde, they
moued their Alderman Sir Thomas Offley to
call in those houses to be of his warde: but I my selfe shewing a faire ledgier booke sometime pertaining to the late dissolued Priorie of the holy Tri
nitie within Aldegate, wherein were set downe the iust bounds of Aldegate ward, before Sir Thomas Offley,Sir Rowland Hey
ward, the common counsell and Wardemote inquest of the saide Limestréete ward, Sir Thomas Offley gaue ouer his challenge: and so that matter rested in good quiet, vntill the yeare 1579. that Sir Rychard Pype being Mayor, and Alderman of Bishopsgate warde challenged those houses, to be of his Warde, whereunto (without reason shewed) Sir Rowland Heyward yeelded: and thus is that side of the stréete from the North corner of S. Mary stréete, almost to Bishopsgate, (wherein is one plot of ground let
ten by the Chamberlaine of London to the parish of S. Martins Otoswich, to be a churchyard, or burying place for the dead of that parish &c.) vniustly drawne from the warde of Limestreet. Di
uers other proofes I could set downe, but this one following may suffice. The Mayor and Aldermen of London made a graunt to the fraternitie of Papie, in these wordes: Bee it remembred that where now of late the mayster and wardens of the fraterni
tie of the Papie haue made a bricke wall, closing in the chappell of Saint Augustine called Papie Chappell, scituate in the parish of All-saintes in the wall, in the Warde of Limestreet of the citie of London: from the southeast corner of the which bricke wall, is a scutcheon of xxi.foote of assise from the said corner East
ward. And from the same scuncheon there to a messuage of 55. foot & a halfe westward, the said scuncheon breaketh out of line right southward betwixt the measures aforesaid, iij, foot, and fiue inches of assise, vpon the commō ground of the citie aforesaid, Raph Ver
ney Mayor, & the Aldermen of the same cittie the xxij.day of Oc
tober, the sixt yeare of Edward the fourth graunted to Iohn Hod priest, mayster Iohn Bolt & Thomas Pachet priestes, wardens of the fraternity of Papie aforesaid, and to their successors for euer, &c. yeelding iiij.ď.sterling yearely at Michelmas, and this is (saith my booke) inrolled in the Guildhall in London: which is a suffi
cient proofe the same plotte of ground to be of Limestréet ward.
On
126
On the south
side of this streete stretching west from S.
Mary street, towardes Bishopsgate
street, there was of olde time one large messuage builded of stone and
timber,
Patent. Oxford place.
in the parish of S. Augustine, in the wall, now in the parish of Alhallowes in the same wall, belonging to the Earle of Oxford, for Richard de Vere Earle of Oxford possessed it in the 4. of Henry the fift, but in pro
cesse of time the lands of the Earle fell to females, amongst the which one being married to VVingfield of Suffolke: this house with the apurtenances fell to his lot, and was by his heire Sir Robert Wingfield sold to M. Edward Cooke, at this time the Queenes Atturney generall. This house being greatly ruinated of late time, for the most part hath beene letten out to Powlters, for stabling of horses and stowage of poultrie. One note more of this warde, and so an end. I find of record, that in the yeare 1371 the 45. of Edward the thirde, a great subsidie of 100000. £. was granted towards the Kings wars in Fraunce, whereof the clear
gie paid 50000. £. and the layitie 50000. £. to bee leuied in 39. shires, of England, contayning parishes 8600. of euery parrish 5. £.xvj.s̃.the greater to helpe the lesser: this Citie (as one of the shires) then contayning 24. wardes, and in them 110. pa
rishes, was therefore assessed to 635. £. 12. s̃. whereof Limestréet ward did beare 34. shillings and no more: so small a warde it was and so accompted, as hauing no one whole parrish therein, but small portions onely, of two parishes in that warde. This ward hath an Alderman, his deputie, common counsailors 4. Consta
bles 4. Scauengers 2. Wardemote inquest 16. and a Beadle, and is taxed to the fifteene at 40. shillings, or thereabout.
THe next is Bishopsgate Warde,
whereof a part is without the gate, and of the suburbes from the barres, by S. Mary Spittle, to Bishopsgate, and a part of Hounds ditch,
almost halfe thereof, also without the wall is of the same Warde. Then within the
gate is Bishopsgate stréete, so
called
127
called of
the gate, to a Pumpe where sometime was a fayre well with two buckets by the East
end of the parish church of Saint Martine
Otoswich, and then winding by the West cor74ner of Leaden Hall, downe Grasse
streete to the corner ouer against Grasse
Church, and this is the boundes of that ward.
Monumentes there most to bee noted, are these: the parish Church of S. Buttolph without Bishopsgate
yarde, adioyning to the Towne ditch vpon the very banke there
of, but of old time inclosed with a comely wall of bricke, lately re
payred by Sir William Allen Mayor, in the yeare 1571. be
cause he was borne in that parish, where also he was buried.
Parish church of S. Buttolph without
Bi
shopsgate.
in a
faire Churchshopsgate.
yarde, adioyning to the Towne ditch vpon the very banke there
of, but of old time inclosed with a comely wall of bricke, lately re
payred by Sir William Allen Mayor, in the yeare 1571. be
cause he was borne in that parish, where also he was buried.
Now without this Churchyard wall is a causeway leading to a quadrant, called Petie Fraunce,
Petie France neere to the
towne ditch.
of Frenchmen dwelling there, and to other dwelling houses,
lately builded on the banke of the saide ditch by some citizens of
London, that more regarded their owne priuate gaine, then the common good
of the Citie: for by meanes of this causeway raised on the banke, and soylage of
houses, with other filthines cast into the ditch, the same is nowe forced to a
narrow channell, and almost filled vp with vnsauorie things, to the daunger of
impoysoning the whole citie.
Next vnto the parish church of S. Buttolph,
is a fayre Inne for receipt of trauellers: then an Hospitall
of S. Mary of Beche
lem, founded by Simon Fitz Mary one of the Sheriffes of Lon
don, in the yeare 1246. he founded it to haue beene a Priorse of Cannons with brethren and sisters, and king Edward the thirde granted a protection, which I haue seene for the brethren, Miliciæ beatæ Mariæ de Bethlem, within the citie of London, the 14. yeare of his raigne. It was an Hospitall for distracted people: the Mayor and communaltie purchased the patronage thereof with al the lands and tenements thereuuto belonging, in the yeare 1546 the same yeare King Henry the eight gaue the Hospitall thereof vnto the citie: the Church and chappell whereof were ta
ken downe in the raigne of Quéene Elizabeth, and houses builded there, by the Gouernors of Christes Hospitall in London. In this place people that be distraight in wits, are by the suite of their friendes receyued and kept as afore it was vsed, but not without charges to their bringers in. In the yere 1569. Sir Thomas Roe
ted ground, conuenient within their parishes. The Ladie his wife was there buried (by whose persuasion he inclosed it) but himselfe borne in London was buried in the parish church of Hackney.
lem, founded by Simon Fitz Mary one of the Sheriffes of Lon
don, in the yeare 1246. he founded it to haue beene a Priorse of Cannons with brethren and sisters, and king Edward the thirde granted a protection, which I haue seene for the brethren, Miliciæ beatæ Mariæ de Bethlem, within the citie of London, the 14. yeare of his raigne. It was an Hospitall for distracted people: the Mayor and communaltie purchased the patronage thereof with al the lands and tenements thereuuto belonging, in the yeare 1546 the same yeare King Henry the eight gaue the Hospitall thereof vnto the citie: the Church and chappell whereof were ta
ken downe in the raigne of Quéene Elizabeth, and houses builded there, by the Gouernors of Christes Hospitall in London. In this place people that be distraight in wits, are by the suite of their friendes receyued and kept as afore it was vsed, but not without charges to their bringers in. In the yere 1569. Sir Thomas Roe
Merchant
128
Merchant
Taylor Mayor, caused to bee inclosed with a wall of bricke, about one acre of
ground, being part of the said Hospitall of
Bethelem, to wit, on the west, on the bancke of déepe ditch,
so called, parting the said hospitall of
Bethlem from the More field: this
be did for burial,
Buriall for the dead prepared
Deepe ditch by Bethelem.
in ease of such
parishes in London as wanted ground, conuenient within their parishes. The Ladie his wife was there buried (by whose persuasion he inclosed it) but himselfe borne in London was buried in the parish church of Hackney.
From this Hospitall Northward vpon the stréetes side many houses haue beene
builded with alleyes backeward, of late time too much pestered with people (a
great cause of infection) vp to the barres.
The other side of this high street from Bishopsgate,
& Hounds ditch: the first building is a large
Inne for receipt of trauellers, then a faire house of late builded by the Lord
Iohn Powlet.
Next to
that a farre more large and beautifull house with gardens of pleasure, bowling
alleyes, and such like, builded by Iasper
Fisher free of the Goldsmithes, late one of the sixe
Clearkes of the Chauncery, and a Iustice of peace. It hath since for
a time beene the Earle of Oxfords place.
The Quéenes Maiestie Elizabeth hath lodged
there. It now belongeth to M. Cornewallos.
This house being so largely and sumptuously builded by a man of no greater calling
or possessions, was mockingly called Fishers
Fol
ly, and a Rithme was made of it, and other the like in this man
ner; Kirkebies Castle, and Fishers Folly, Spinilas Pleasure, and Megses glorie, and so of other such like buildinges about the Citie. From Fishers Folly vp to the West end of Hogge Lane, which commeth from the barres without Aldegate, as is afore shewed, is a continuall building of tenements, with alleyes of cot
tages, pestered, &c. Then is there a large close, called Tasell close, sometime for that there were Tassels planted for the vse of Cloth
workers: since letten to the Crossebow makers, wherein they vsed to shoote for games at the Popingey: now the same being in
closed with a bricke wall, serueth to be an Artillerie yarde, where
vnto the Gunners of the Tower doe weekely repaire, namely e
uery thurseday, and there leuelling certaine Brasse peeces of great Artillerie against a butte of earth, made for that purpose, they dis
charge
ly, and a Rithme was made of it, and other the like in this man
ner; Kirkebies Castle, and Fishers Folly, Spinilas Pleasure, and Megses glorie, and so of other such like buildinges about the Citie. From Fishers Folly vp to the West end of Hogge Lane, which commeth from the barres without Aldegate, as is afore shewed, is a continuall building of tenements, with alleyes of cot
tages, pestered, &c. Then is there a large close, called Tasell close, sometime for that there were Tassels planted for the vse of Cloth
workers: since letten to the Crossebow makers, wherein they vsed to shoote for games at the Popingey: now the same being in
closed with a bricke wall, serueth to be an Artillerie yarde, where
vnto the Gunners of the Tower doe weekely repaire, namely e
uery thurseday, and there leuelling certaine Brasse peeces of great Artillerie against a butte of earth, made for that purpose, they dis
charge
them
129
them for
their exercise.
Then haue ye the late dissolued Priorie and hospital of our bles
sed Ladie commonly called S. Mary Spittle, founded for Canons regular, by a citizen of London named VValter Brune, & Rosya his wife, in the yere 1235. This Hospital was at the suppression valued so dispend 478. pound, &c. Where besides the ornamentes of the Church, and goods pertayning to the Hospitall, there was found standing one hundreth and fourescore beddes, well furnished for receipt of the poore of charitie: for it was an Hospitall of greate reliefe. There lycth buried Sir Henry Plesington Knight, 1452.
sed Ladie commonly called S. Mary Spittle, founded for Canons regular, by a citizen of London named VValter Brune, & Rosya his wife, in the yere 1235. This Hospital was at the suppression valued so dispend 478. pound, &c. Where besides the ornamentes of the Church, and goods pertayning to the Hospitall, there was found standing one hundreth and fourescore beddes, well furnished for receipt of the poore of charitie: for it was an Hospitall of greate reliefe. There lycth buried Sir Henry Plesington Knight, 1452.
In place of this Hospital, and neere adioyning, are now many faire houses builded,
for receipt and lodging of worshipfull and honorable persons. Apart of the large
churchyard pertaining to this Hospitall, and seuered from the rest with a bricke
wall,
yet remayneth, (as of old time) with a pulpet
crosse therein, some
what like to that in Paules churchyard: and against the said pulpit on the south side, before the chernell and chappell of S. Edmonde the Bishop: and Mary Magdalen remaineth also one fayre buil
ded house of two stories in height for the Mayor and other hono
rable persons, with the Aldermen and Sheriffes to sit in, there to heare the Sermons preached vpon Easter holy dayes. In the loft ouer them, the Ladies and Aldermens wiues doe stand at a fayre window or sit at their pleasure. And here it is to be noted, that time out of minde, it hath bin a laudable custome that on good fri
day in the after noone some especial learned man by appoyntmēt of ye prelats doth preach a sermon at Paules crosse, treating of Christs passion. And vpon the three next Easter holidayes, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, the like learned men by the like ap
pointment doe vse to preach on the fore noon at the said Spittle, to perswad the articles of Christs resurrection, and then on low Sō
day before noon one other learned man at Paules crosse is to make rehersall of those fowre former sermons, either commen
ding or reprouing them, as to him by iudgment of the lerned di
uines is thought conuenient: And that done he is to make a ser
mon of himselfe, which in all were fiue Sermons in one. At these Sermons so seuerally preached, the Maior with his Brethren, the
tion of such statutes, and ordinances, as were made in the Parli
ament, (begunne at Westminster, and ended at Shreusbery, he caused the same confirmation to be read and pronounced at Pauls Crosse, and at S. Marie Spittle in the Sermons before all the people: Philip Malpas one of the Sheriffes in the yere 1439. the 18. of Henry the sixt, gaue twentie shillinges by yeare to the three Preachers at the Spittle. Stephen Fors75ar Maior, in the yeare 1454. gaue fortie pound to the Preachers at Paules Crosse and Spittle.
dren of Christes Hospitall to sit in: and this was done of the goodes of William Elkens Alderman, late deceased, but within the first yere, the same house decaying, and like to haue fallen, was againe with great cost repayred at the Cities charge. On the east side of this Churchyarde lieth a large fielde of old time called Lolesworth, now Spittle fielde: which aboute the yeare 1576. was broken vp for clay to make bricke, in the digging whereof many earthen pottes called Vrnæ, were found full of ashes, and of brent bones of men, to wit of the Romaines that inhabited here: for it was the custome of the Romaines to bren their dead, to put their ashes in an vrna, and then to bury the same, with certaine ceremonies in some field appointed for that purpose, neare vnto their Citie: euery of these pots had in them with the ashes of the dead, one peece of Copper money, with the inscription of the Em
perour,
shes and cups of a fine red colored earth, which shewed outwardly such a shining smothnesse, as if they had beene of curral, those had in the bottomes Romaine letters printed, there were also lampes of white earth artificially wrought with diuers antiques aboute them, some three or foure Images, made of white earth, aboute a span long, each of them: one I remember was of Pallas, the rest I haue forgotten, I my selfe haue reserued amongst diuers of those antiquities there found, one pot of white earth very small, not ex
ceeding the quantitie of a quarter of a wine pint, made in shape of a Hare, squatted vpon her legs, and betweene her eares is the mouth of the pot: there hath also beene found in the same fielde
pose to be the burials of some especiall persons, in time of the Bri
tons, or Saxons, after that the Romaines had left to gouern here: moreouer there were also found the sculs and bones of men with
out coffins, or rather whose coffines (being of great timber) were consumed: diuers great nailes of iron were there found, such as are vsed in the wheeles of shod cartes, being each of them as bigge as a mans finger, and a quarter of a yeard long, the heades two inches ouer, those nayles
red of them, namely that the men there buried were murdered by driuing those nayles into their heads, a thing vnlikelie, for a smaler
crete place would lightly be imployed for their buriall. But to set downe what I haue obserued, concerning this matter, I there be
helde the bones of a man lying as I noted, the heade North, the feete South, and round about him, as thwart his head along both his sides, & thwart his feete, such nayles were found, wherefore I coniectured them to bee the nayles of his Coffin, which had béene a trough cut out of some great tree, and the same couered with a planke, of a greate thicknesse, fastened with such nayles: and therefore I caused some of the nayles to be reached vp to me, and found vnder the broade heads of them, the old wood, skant turned into dust or earth, but still retayning both the grane, and the pro
per colour, of these nayles with the wood vnder the head thereof, I reserued one as also the nether iaw bone of the man, the teeth being very greate, sound and fast fixed, which (amongst other ma
ny monumentes there found) I haue yet to shew: but the nayle ly
ing drie is now by skaling greatly wasted. And thus much for this part of Bishopsgate warde without the gate: for I haue in another place spoken of the gate, & therefore I am now to speake of that other part of this warde, which lyeth within the gate.
what like to that in Paules churchyard: and against the said pulpit on the south side, before the chernell and chappell of S. Edmonde the Bishop: and Mary Magdalen remaineth also one fayre buil
ded house of two stories in height for the Mayor and other hono
rable persons, with the Aldermen and Sheriffes to sit in, there to heare the Sermons preached vpon Easter holy dayes. In the loft ouer them, the Ladies and Aldermens wiues doe stand at a fayre window or sit at their pleasure. And here it is to be noted, that time out of minde, it hath bin a laudable custome that on good fri
day in the after noone some especial learned man by appoyntmēt of ye prelats doth preach a sermon at Paules crosse, treating of Christs passion. And vpon the three next Easter holidayes, Monday, Tuesday, and Wednesday, the like learned men by the like ap
pointment doe vse to preach on the fore noon at the said Spittle, to perswad the articles of Christs resurrection, and then on low Sō
day before noon one other learned man at Paules crosse is to make rehersall of those fowre former sermons, either commen
ding or reprouing them, as to him by iudgment of the lerned di
uines is thought conuenient: And that done he is to make a ser
mon of himselfe, which in all were fiue Sermons in one. At these Sermons so seuerally preached, the Maior with his Brethren, the
Aldermen
130
Aldermen
are accustomed to be present in their Uiolets at Paules, on Good Friday, and in their Scarlets, both they and
their wiues, at the Spittle in the Holy daies
(except Wednesday in Uiolet) and the Maior with his Brethren, on Low Sunday in
Scarlet, at Paules Crosse. Touching the
antiquitie of this custome, I finde none other, then that in the yeare, 1398.
the 22. of Richard the
second: that the king hauing procured from Rome, confirmation of such statutes, and ordinances, as were made in the Parli
ament, (begunne at Westminster, and ended at Shreusbery, he caused the same confirmation to be read and pronounced at Pauls Crosse, and at S. Marie Spittle in the Sermons before all the people: Philip Malpas one of the Sheriffes in the yere 1439. the 18. of Henry the sixt, gaue twentie shillinges by yeare to the three Preachers at the Spittle. Stephen Fors75ar Maior, in the yeare 1454. gaue fortie pound to the Preachers at Paules Crosse and Spittle.
House in S. Marie Spittle
churchyarde builded for the Maior and Aldermen. Pulpit Crosse in Spittle church yarde new builded.
A house in Spittle church yarde builded for the
gouer
ners and chil
dren of christs Hospital. Lolesworth fielde76. Buriall of the Romaines in Spittle fielde. Olde monu
mentes of the Romaines found,
I finde also that
the aforesaide house, wherein the Maior and Aldermen do sit at the Spittle, was builded for that purpose, of the goodes,
and by the Executors of Richard Rawson
Alderman and Isabell his wife, in the yere
1488. In the yere 1594. this Pulpit being old, was taken downe, and
a new set vp: and the Preachers face turned towardes the south, which was before
towardes the west, also a large house on the east side of the saide Pulpit, was
then builded for the gouernors and chilners and chil
dren of christs Hospital. Lolesworth fielde76. Buriall of the Romaines in Spittle fielde. Olde monu
mentes of the Romaines found,
dren of Christes Hospitall to sit in: and this was done of the goodes of William Elkens Alderman, late deceased, but within the first yere, the same house decaying, and like to haue fallen, was againe with great cost repayred at the Cities charge. On the east side of this Churchyarde lieth a large fielde of old time called Lolesworth, now Spittle fielde: which aboute the yeare 1576. was broken vp for clay to make bricke, in the digging whereof many earthen pottes called Vrnæ, were found full of ashes, and of brent bones of men, to wit of the Romaines that inhabited here: for it was the custome of the Romaines to bren their dead, to put their ashes in an vrna, and then to bury the same, with certaine ceremonies in some field appointed for that purpose, neare vnto their Citie: euery of these pots had in them with the ashes of the dead, one peece of Copper money, with the inscription of the Em
perour,
then
131
then
raigning: some of them were of Claudius, some of
Vespasian, some of Nero, of
Anthonius Pius, of
Troianus: and others besides those
vrnas, many other pots were there founde, made of a
white earth with long nockes, and handles, like to our stone Iugges: these were
emptie, but seemed to bee buried full of some liquid matter long since consumed
and soaked through: for there were found diuers vials and other fashioned glasses,
some most cunningly wrought, such as I haue not seene the like, and some of
Christall, all which had water in them, nothing differing in clearenes, tast, or
sauour from common spring water: some of these glasses had oyle in them very
thicke, and earthie in sauour, some were supposed to haue balm in them, but had
lost the vertue: many of those pots and glasses were broken in cutting of the
clay: so that few were taken vp whole: there were also found diuers dishes and cups of a fine red colored earth, which shewed outwardly such a shining smothnesse, as if they had beene of curral, those had in the bottomes Romaine letters printed, there were also lampes of white earth artificially wrought with diuers antiques aboute them, some three or foure Images, made of white earth, aboute a span long, each of them: one I remember was of Pallas, the rest I haue forgotten, I my selfe haue reserued amongst diuers of those antiquities there found, one pot of white earth very small, not ex
ceeding the quantitie of a quarter of a wine pint, made in shape of a Hare, squatted vpon her legs, and betweene her eares is the mouth of the pot: there hath also beene found in the same fielde
Troughes of stone found in the Spittle fielde.
diuers coffins of stone,
contayning the bones of men: these I suppose to be the burials of some especiall persons, in time of the Bri
tons, or Saxons, after that the Romaines had left to gouern here: moreouer there were also found the sculs and bones of men with
out coffins, or rather whose coffines (being of great timber) were consumed: diuers great nailes of iron were there found, such as are vsed in the wheeles of shod cartes, being each of them as bigge as a mans finger, and a quarter of a yeard long, the heades two inches ouer, those nayles
Great nailes of iron found in the field & fond opinions
of men.
were more wondred at then the rest of thinges there found, and
many opinions of men were vttered of them, namely that the men there buried were murdered by driuing those nayles into their heads, a thing vnlikelie, for a smaler
naile
132
naile
would more aptly serue to so bad a purpose, and a more secrete place would lightly be imployed for their buriall. But to set downe what I haue obserued, concerning this matter, I there be
helde the bones of a man lying as I noted, the heade North, the feete South, and round about him, as thwart his head along both his sides, & thwart his feete, such nayles were found, wherefore I coniectured them to bee the nayles of his Coffin, which had béene a trough cut out of some great tree, and the same couered with a planke, of a greate thicknesse, fastened with such nayles: and therefore I caused some of the nayles to be reached vp to me, and found vnder the broade heads of them, the old wood, skant turned into dust or earth, but still retayning both the grane, and the pro
per colour, of these nayles with the wood vnder the head thereof, I reserued one as also the nether iaw bone of the man, the teeth being very greate, sound and fast fixed, which (amongst other ma
ny monumentes there found) I haue yet to shew: but the nayle ly
ing drie is now by skaling greatly wasted. And thus much for this part of Bishopsgate warde without the gate: for I haue in another place spoken of the gate, & therefore I am now to speake of that other part of this warde, which lyeth within the gate.
And first to begin on the left hand of Bishopsgate
streete, from the gate yee haue certaine Tenementes of olde time
pertayning to a Brotherhood of S. Nicholas, granted to the
parish Clarkes of London, for two Chaplens to be kept in the Chapple of S. Ma
ry Magdalen neare vnto the Guilde hall of London, in the 27. of Henry the sixt, the first of these houses towardes the North & against the wall of the Citie, was sometime a large Inne or court called the Wrastlers (of such a signe) and the last in the high stréet towardes the South, was sometime also a fayre Inne called the Angell of such a signe: amongst these saide Tenementes was on the same streete side a fayre Entry or Court to the common hall of the saide parish Clarkes, with proper Almeshouses seauen in number, adioyning for poore parish Clarkes, and their wiues, their widdowes, such as were in greate yeares not able to labour. One of these by the saide Brotherhoode of parish Clarkes was al
lowed sixeteene pence the weeke, the other six had each of them nine pence the weeke, according to the pattent thereof graunted.
houses remaine in the Queenes handes, and people are there pla
ced, such as can make best frendes: some of them taking the pen
sion appointed, haue let foorth their houses for great rent, giuing occasion to the Parson of the parish to challenge tithes of the poore, &c. Next vnto this is the small parish church of S. Ethol
burge virgin, and from thence some small distance is a large court called litle S. Hellens: because it pertayned to the Nuns, of S. Hellens,
cond was holden also to be a founder, or rather an helper there: this priorie being valued at 314. pound two shillinges six pence was surrendred the 25. of Nouember, the thirtie of Henry the eight, the whole church (the partition betwixt the Nuns church, and pa
rish church being taken downe) remaineth now to the parish: and is a fayre parish church, but wanteth such a steeple as Sir Tho
mas Gresham promised to haue builded, in recompence of ground in their church filled vp, with his monument. The Nuns hall & other howsing thereunto appertayning, was since purchased by the Company of the Lethersellers, and is their common Hall: which Company was incorporate in the 21. yeare of Richarde the second.
ry Magdalen neare vnto the Guilde hall of London, in the 27. of Henry the sixt, the first of these houses towardes the North & against the wall of the Citie, was sometime a large Inne or court called the Wrastlers (of such a signe) and the last in the high stréet towardes the South, was sometime also a fayre Inne called the Angell of such a signe: amongst these saide Tenementes was on the same streete side a fayre Entry or Court to the common hall of the saide parish Clarkes, with proper Almeshouses seauen in number, adioyning for poore parish Clarkes, and their wiues, their widdowes, such as were in greate yeares not able to labour. One of these by the saide Brotherhoode of parish Clarkes was al
lowed sixeteene pence the weeke, the other six had each of them nine pence the weeke, according to the pattent thereof graunted.
This
K3
133
This
Brotherhoode amongst other being suppressed. In the raigne of Edward the sixt, the saide Hall with the other
buildinges there, was giuen to Sir Robert
Chester a knight of Cambridge shier, against whome the
parish Clarkes commencing suite, in the raigne of Queene
Marie, and being like to haue preuailed, the saide Sir Robert Chester pulled downe the hall, sold
the Timber, stone, and lead, and thereupon the suite was ended. The Almeshouses remaine in the Queenes handes, and people are there pla
ced, such as can make best frendes: some of them taking the pen
sion appointed, haue let foorth their houses for great rent, giuing occasion to the Parson of the parish to challenge tithes of the poore, &c. Next vnto this is the small parish church of S. Ethol
burge virgin, and from thence some small distance is a large court called litle S. Hellens: because it pertayned to the Nuns, of S. Hellens,
priory of S. Hellens, and
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and was their house, there are
seauen Almes roomes or houses for the poore, belonging to the company of
Lethersellers. Then somewhat more West is an other Court with a
winding lane, through which men come out against the west ende of S. Andrewes vndershaft Church. In this court
standeth the church of S. Hellens, sometime
a Priorie of blacke Nuns and in the same a parish church of S. Hellen,
this
Priorie long since was founded, before the raigne of Henry the
thirde, as I haue found in Recordes. William Basing Deane of Paules, was the first founder,
and was there buried, and William Basing one
of the Sheriffes of London, in the second yere of Edward the seSend information
cond was holden also to be a founder, or rather an helper there: this priorie being valued at 314. pound two shillinges six pence was surrendred the 25. of Nouember, the thirtie of Henry the eight, the whole church (the partition betwixt the Nuns church, and pa
rish church being taken downe) remaineth now to the parish: and is a fayre parish church, but wanteth such a steeple as Sir Tho
mas Gresham promised to haue builded, in recompence of ground in their church filled vp, with his monument. The Nuns hall & other howsing thereunto appertayning, was since purchased by the Company of the Lethersellers, and is their common Hall: which Company was incorporate in the 21. yeare of Richarde the second.
In
134
In the
Church of S. Hellen, haue yee these
monumentes of the dead: Thomas Langton
Chaplen buried in the Quire, 1350. Nicholas
Marshall, Ironmonger Alderman, 1474. Sir William Sanctlo, and Sir William Sanctlo father and sonne, Sir William Pickering, and Sir VVilliam Pickering father and sonne, Thomas VVilliams Gentleman, 1495. Iohn Lang
thorpe Esquier, 1510. Ioan Coken wise to Iohn Coken Es
quier, 1509. Mary Orrell wife to Sir Lewys Orrell Knight. Henry Somer, Katheren his wife, Ioan daughter to Henry Somer, wife to Richarde, sonne and heire to Robert Lord Poy
inges, died a virgin 1420. VValter Huntington, Esquier, Eli
zabeth Venner wife to William Venner Grocer, Alderman, one of the Sheriffes, 1401. Robert Rochester Esquier Sargeant of the Pantrie, to Henry the eight. Iohn Swinflet, 1420. Iohn Gower Steward of S. Helens, 1512. Iohn Faukconbridge Esquier, 1545. Hacket Gentleman of the kinges Chappell, Eli
enor daughter to Sir Thomas Butler, Lord Sudley,78 Iohn Suthworth, Adam Frances Maior Nicholas Harpsfielde, Es
quier, Thomas Saunderforde or Somerforde Alderman, Alexander Cheyney, Sir Iohn Crosbie Alderman, and Anne his wife, George Fastolph, sonne to Hugh Fastolph, Robert Lynd, Sir Andrew Iud Maior, Sir Thomas Gre
sham Mercer &c.
Then haue yee one greate house called Crosbie
place, be
cause the same was builded by Sir Iohn Crosbie
nances letten to him by Alice Ashfed Prioresse of S. Hellens, and the Couent for ninety nine yeares, from the yeare 1466. vn
to the yere 1565. for the annuall rent of eleuen pound six shillings eight pence: this house he builded of stone and timber, very large and beutifull, and the highest at that time in London: he was one of the Sheriffes, and an Alderman in the yeare 1470. knighted by Edwarde the fourth, in the yeare 1471. and deceased in the yeare 1475. so short a time enioyed hee that his large and sumptuous building, hee was buried in S. Hellens, the parish church, a fayre monument of him and his Lady, is raysed there: hee gaue towardes the reforming of that church fiue hundred
father to Sir Iohn Crosbie.
cause the same was builded by Sir Iohn Crosbie
Of Crosbies place
and of Sir Iohn Crosbie.
Grocer, and
Wolman, in place of certaine Tenements, with their appurtenances letten to him by Alice Ashfed Prioresse of S. Hellens, and the Couent for ninety nine yeares, from the yeare 1466. vn
to the yere 1565. for the annuall rent of eleuen pound six shillings eight pence: this house he builded of stone and timber, very large and beutifull, and the highest at that time in London: he was one of the Sheriffes, and an Alderman in the yeare 1470. knighted by Edwarde the fourth, in the yeare 1471. and deceased in the yeare 1475. so short a time enioyed hee that his large and sumptuous building, hee was buried in S. Hellens, the parish church, a fayre monument of him and his Lady, is raysed there: hee gaue towardes the reforming of that church fiue hundred
markes
135
markes,
which was bestowed with the better, as appeareth by his Armes, both in the stone
worke, roose of Timber, and glasing. I holde it a fable saide of him, to be named
Crosby, of being found by a crosse, for I haue read of other to haue
that name of Crosby, before him, namely in the yeare 1406.
the seuenth of Henry the fourth, the saide king gaue
to his seruant Iohn Crosby the wardship of
Ioan daughter, and sole heire to
Iohn Iordaine Fishmonger, &c. This
Crosbie might be the Father or
Grandfather to Sir Iohn Crosbie.
Richarde Duke of Glocester, and
Lorde Protector, after
warde king by the name of Richarde the thirde, was lodged in this house: since the which time among other, Anthonie Bonuice a rich marchant of Italy, dwelled there, after him Ierome Se
rall, then William Bond Alderman, increased this house with building of a Turret on the top thereof: he deceased in the yeare, 1567. and was buried in S. Helens church: diuers Ambassa
dors haue beene lodged there: namely in the yeare 1586. Henry Ramelius Chancelor of Germany, Ambassador vnto the Queens Maiestie of Englande from Fredericke the second of Denmark: an Ambassador of France, &c. Sir Iohn Spencer Alderman lately purchased this house, made great reparations, kept his Maioralty there, and since builded a most large ware-house neare thereunto.
warde king by the name of Richarde the thirde, was lodged in this house: since the which time among other, Anthonie Bonuice a rich marchant of Italy, dwelled there, after him Ierome Se
rall, then William Bond Alderman, increased this house with building of a Turret on the top thereof: he deceased in the yeare, 1567. and was buried in S. Helens church: diuers Ambassa
dors haue beene lodged there: namely in the yeare 1586. Henry Ramelius Chancelor of Germany, Ambassador vnto the Queens Maiestie of Englande from Fredericke the second of Denmark: an Ambassador of France, &c. Sir Iohn Spencer Alderman lately purchased this house, made great reparations, kept his Maioralty there, and since builded a most large ware-house neare thereunto.
From this Crosbie place vp to Leaden hall corner, and so downe Grassestreete, amongst other Tenementes, are
diuers fayre and large builded houses for Marchantes and such like. Now for the
other side of this warde, namely the right hand, hard by within the gate is
onefayre water Conduite,
which Thomas Knesworth Maior, in the yeare 1505.
founded, hee gaue 60.l. the rest was furnished at the common charges of the citie:
this conduite hath since beene taken downe, and new builded. Da
uid Wodrooffe Alderman gaue twenty poundes towardes the conuayance of more water thereunto. From this conduite haue ye amongst many fayre Tenementes, diuers fayre Innes, large for receipt of trauellers and some houses for men of worship, namely one most spatious of all other there aboute, builded of bricke and timber, by Sir Thomas Gresham,
stament, this house to be made a Colledge, as before is saide of Readers.
uid Wodrooffe Alderman gaue twenty poundes towardes the conuayance of more water thereunto. From this conduite haue ye amongst many fayre Tenementes, diuers fayre Innes, large for receipt of trauellers and some houses for men of worship, namely one most spatious of all other there aboute, builded of bricke and timber, by Sir Thomas Gresham,
Sir Thomas Greshams
house builded.
knight, who deceased in the yeare 1579.
and was buried in S. Hellens church, vnder
a fayre
monument
136
monument,
by him, prepared in his life hée appointed by his Testament, this house to be made a Colledge, as before is saide of Readers.
Somewhat west from this house is one other very fayre house, wherein Sir William Hollies, kept his Maioralty, and
was bu
ried in the parish church of S. Helen: Sir Andrew Iud, also kept his Maioralty there, and was buried at S. Hellens: hee buil
ded Almsehouses for six poore Almespeople neare to the saide par
rish church, and gaue lands to the Skinners, out of the which they are to giue 4. shillinges euery weeke to the six poore Almespeople eight pence the peece, and fiue and twentie shillinges foure pence, the yeare in coales amongst them for euer.
ried in the parish church of S. Helen: Sir Andrew Iud, also kept his Maioralty there, and was buried at S. Hellens: hee buil
ded Almsehouses for six poore Almespeople neare to the saide par
rish church, and gaue lands to the Skinners, out of the which they are to giue 4. shillinges euery weeke to the six poore Almespeople eight pence the peece, and fiue and twentie shillinges foure pence, the yeare in coales amongst them for euer.
Then in the very west corner ouer against the East end of S. Martins Otswitch, church (from whence the
streete windeth to
wardes the South) you had of olde time a fayre well with two buckets so fastened, that the drawing vp of the one, let downe the other, but now of late that weil is turned into a Pumpe.
wardes the South) you had of olde time a fayre well with two buckets so fastened, that the drawing vp of the one, let downe the other, but now of late that weil is turned into a Pumpe.
From this to the corner ouer against the Leaden hall, and so downe Grasse streete, are many fayre houses for
marchantes, and artificers, and many fayre Innes for Trauellers euen to the corner
where that ward endeth, ouer against Grasse
church: and thus much for this Bishopsgate warde shall suffice, which hath an Alderman, two
Deputies, one without the gate another within, common Counsellors six, Constables
seauen, Scauengers sea
uen, for Wardmote inquest thirteene, and a Beadle: it is tax
ed to the fifeteene at xxij.£.in London, and in the Exchequer xxi.£.x.s̃.
uen, for Wardmote inquest thirteene, and a Beadle: it is tax
ed to the fifeteene at xxij.£.in London, and in the Exchequer xxi.£.x.s̃.
THe next is Brodestreete warde,
which begin
neth within Bishopsgate, from the water con
duite westward on both the sides of the streete, by Alhallowes Church to an iron grate on the Channell, which runneth into the watercourse of Walbrooke before ye come to the Posterne called Moregate: and this is the farthest west part of that Warde.
led Scalding house, or Scalding wicke, but now Scalding Alley, by the West side whereof vnder the parish church of S. Mildred runneth the course of Walbrooke: and these be the bounds of this warde. Speciall Monuments therein are these: First the parish church of Alhallowes in the wall,
ryers is the Carpenters hall: which company was incorporated in the 17. yeare of King Edward the fourth.
neth within Bishopsgate, from the water con
duite westward on both the sides of the streete, by Alhallowes Church to an iron grate on the Channell, which runneth into the watercourse of Walbrooke before ye come to the Posterne called Moregate: and this is the farthest west part of that Warde.
Then
137
Then haue
yée Brodestreete, whereof the warde taketh
name, which stretcheth out of the former streete, from the East corner of Alhallowes churchyard, somewhat South to the
parish church of S. Peter the
Poore on both sides, and then by the southgate of the Augustine Fryars west, downe Throkmorton street by the Drapers hall, into Lothburie, to another grate of iron ouer the channell there, whereby the
water runneth into the course of Walbroke, certaine
postes of timber are there set vp: and this is also the farthest West part of this
ward, in the said street. Out of the which street runneth vp Barthlemew lane south to the north side of
the Exchange, then more East out of the former
stréet from ouer against the Fryers Augustines
church south gate, runneth vp another parte of Brodestréet, south to a Pumpe ouer against S. Bennets church. Then haue ye one other stréete called
Thrée néedle stréete,
beginning at the well with two buckets, by Saint Martins Otoswich church wall. This
streete runneth downe on both sides to Finkes lane,
and halfe way vp that lane to a gate of a marchants house on the West side, but
not so farre on the East, then the foresaid stréete, from this Finkes lane runneth downe by the Royall Exchange to the Stockes, and to a place formerly called Scalding house, or Scalding wicke, but now Scalding Alley, by the West side whereof vnder the parish church of S. Mildred runneth the course of Walbrooke: and these be the bounds of this warde. Speciall Monuments therein are these: First the parish church of Alhallowes in the wall,
Parish church of Alhallowes in the wall.
so called
of standing close to the wall of the cittie, in which haue béene buried Thomas Durrem Esquire, and Margaret his wife. On the other side of that
street, amongst many proper houses possessed for the most parte by Curryers is the Carpenters hall: which company was incorporated in the 17. yeare of King Edward the fourth.
Then East from the Curriers row,
is a long and high wall of stone inclosing the North side of a large
garden adioyning to as large an house, builded in the raigne of King Henry the eight, and of Edward the sixt, by Sir VVilliam Powlet, the Lord Trea
surer of England: through this garden which of old time consi
sted of diuers parts, now vnited, was sometimes a faire foote way,
gainst
ing taken into those gardens, the gates are closed vp with stone, whereby the people are forced to goe about by S. Peters church, and the East end of the said Friers Church, and all the said great place and garden of Sir VVilliam Powlet to London wall, and so to Moregate. This great house adioyning to the garden a
foresaid, stretcheth to the North corner of Brodestréete, and then turneth vp Brodestréete all that side to the East ende of the saide Fryers church. It was builded by the saide Lord Treasurer, in place of Augustine Fryers house, cloyster, and gardens &c. The Fryers church hee pulled not downe, but the west ende thereof in
closed from the stéeple, and quire is letten to the Dutch nation in London to bee their preaching place: the other parte, namely, the stéeple, quire and side yles hee reserued to housholde vses: as for stowage of corne, cole and other things, his sonne and heyre the Marquis of Winchester, sold the Monumentes of noble men there buried in great number, the pauing stone, and whatsoeuer (which cost many thousands) for one hundred pound, and in place thereof made fayre stabling for horses, he caused the lead to bee ta
ken off the roofes of the church, and laid tyle in place thereof, which exchange of leade for tyle, proued not so profitable as he looked for, but rather to his disaduantage.
surer of England: through this garden which of old time consi
sted of diuers parts, now vnited, was sometimes a faire foote way,
Lane stopped vppe.
leading by the west end of the
Augustine Fryers church straight North,
and opened somewhat West from Alhallowes
church against
London
K5
138
London wall towardes Moregate: which foote
way had gates at eyther end locked vp euery night: but now the same being taken into those gardens, the gates are closed vp with stone, whereby the people are forced to goe about by S. Peters church, and the East end of the said Friers Church, and all the said great place and garden of Sir VVilliam Powlet to London wall, and so to Moregate. This great house adioyning to the garden a
foresaid, stretcheth to the North corner of Brodestréete, and then turneth vp Brodestréete all that side to the East ende of the saide Fryers church. It was builded by the saide Lord Treasurer, in place of Augustine Fryers house, cloyster, and gardens &c. The Fryers church hee pulled not downe, but the west ende thereof in
closed from the stéeple, and quire is letten to the Dutch nation in London to bee their preaching place: the other parte, namely, the stéeple, quire and side yles hee reserued to housholde vses: as for stowage of corne, cole and other things, his sonne and heyre the Marquis of Winchester, sold the Monumentes of noble men there buried in great number, the pauing stone, and whatsoeuer (which cost many thousands) for one hundred pound, and in place thereof made fayre stabling for horses, he caused the lead to bee ta
ken off the roofes of the church, and laid tyle in place thereof, which exchange of leade for tyle, proued not so profitable as he looked for, but rather to his disaduantage.
On the East side of this Brodestreete, which is the
backe part of Gresham house in Bishopsgate streete,
bee placed eight proper Almes houses, builded of bricke and timber, by Sir Thomas Gresham Knight, for eight almes men
there placed rent free, and receiue each of them by his gift vj.pound,
xiij.shillings, iiij.pence, yearely for euer.
Next vnto Pawlet house, is the parish
church of S. Peter the Poore, so called for
a difference from other of that name, sometime peraduenture a poore parish, but at
this present there bee many faire houses, possessed by rich marchants and other,
buried in this church: Richard Fitz Williams
marchant Taylor 1520. Sir William
Roch Mayor, 1540. Martin
Calthrope Mayor, 1588.
Then next haue ye the Augustine Fryers
Church
ple of this church was ouerthrowne by tempest of winde, in the yeare 1362. but was raysed of newe as now it standeth, to the beautifying of the city: This house was valued at 57. pound &c. and was surrendered the 12. of Nouember, the 30. of Henry the eight.
Frier
Augu
stines Church, part whereof is the Dutch church.
aforesaide, a large thing hauing a most fine spired steeple,
small, high, and streight, I haue not scene the like: this Church was founded by
stines Church, part whereof is the Dutch church.
Humfrey
136
80mol
Humfrey Bohum Earle of Hereforde
and Essex, in the yeare 1253. Reginald
Cobham gaue his messuage in London to the enlarging
thereof, in the yeare 1344. Humfrey
Bohum Earle of Hereford and Essex reedified
this Church in the yeare 1354. whose bodie was there buried in the
quire. The small spired steeple of this church was ouerthrowne by tempest of winde, in the yeare 1362. but was raysed of newe as now it standeth, to the beautifying of the city: This house was valued at 57. pound &c. and was surrendered the 12. of Nouember, the 30. of Henry the eight.
There lye buried in this Friers church (amongst
others) Ed
mond first sonne to Ioane mother to king Richard the seconde, Guy de Maricke Earle of S. Paule, Dame Ide, wife to Sir Thomas West, Dame Margaret West, Stephen Lindericle Esquire, Sir Humfrey Bohum Earle of Hereford and Essex, Lord of Pembrooke, Richard the great Earle of Arundell, Sur
rey, and Warren beheaded, 1397. Sir Edward Arundell, and Dame Elizabeth his wife, Sir Frauncis Courtney, Earle of Pembroke, which married Alice sister to the Earle of Oxford: Dame Lucie Knowles of Kent, Sir Peter Grinfers of France, the Lord Vere Earle of Oxford, Ambrose de Vere, son to the Earle of Oxforde, Sir Thomas Tadnam Knight, William Bourser, Lord Fitz Warren, Sir Thomas de la Lande Knight, Dame Ioane Noris the Ladie of Bedforde, Anne daughter to Iohn Vicount Welles, Walter Neuel Esquire, Sir Iohn Man
ners Knight, the wife of Sir Dauid Cradocke knight, the mo
ther to the Lord Spencers wife, Sir Bartlemew Dadlegate,Iohn sonne to Sir Iohn Wingfield, Sir Walter Mewes, Ro
bert ne Wenton Esquire, Philip Spencer sonne to Sir Hugh Spencer, Dame Isabell daughter to Sir Hugh. In the bodie of the church, Dame Iulian wife to Sir Richarde Lacie, Sir Thomas Courtney sonne to the Earle of Deuonshire, and by him his sister, wedded to Cheuerstone, the daughter of the Lord Beamont, two sonnes of Sir Thomas Morley, to wit William and Ralph, Sir William Talmage Knight, Nicholas Blondell Esquire, Sir Richard Chamberlaine Esquire, Iohn Halton gentleman, Sir Iohn Gifford Knight, Thomas Manningham Esquire, Sir William Kenude Knight, Sir William sonne to
quire, Peter Morens Esquire, Thomas sonne to Sir William Beckland. Iames Cuthing Esquire, Iohn Chornet Esquire, William Kenley Esquire, Margery wife to Thomas Bande & daughter to Iohn Huch, the Lord Mawris of Barkeley, & Earle of Nothingham, and Dame Ioane his wife. In the west wing Sir Iohn Terrell, and Dame Katherine his wife, Sir Walter of Powle Knight, Sir Iohn Blanckwell and his wife, Dame Iane Sayne, daughter to Sir Iohn Lee, Sir Iohn Dawbeny, sonne and heyre to Sir Giles Dawbeny, William sonne to Sir Roger Scroope, Dame Ioane Dawbeny wife to Sir William Daw
beny, Thomas Charles Esquire, Sir Iohn Dawbeny knight, and his sonne Robert, Sir Iames Bell Knight, Sir Oliuer Man
ny Knight, Henry Desky Esquire, Sir Diones Mordaske Knight, Sir Bernard Rolingcort, Sir Peter Kayor knights, Sir William Tirell knight, Sir William his brother, William Col
lingborne Esquire beheaded 1484. Sir Roger Clifford knight, Sir Thomas Coke Mayor in the yeare 1462. William Edward Mayor 1471. Sir Iohn Dawtry Knight 1519. Dame Marga
ret Rade 1510.
mond first sonne to Ioane mother to king Richard the seconde, Guy de Maricke Earle of S. Paule, Dame Ide, wife to Sir Thomas West, Dame Margaret West, Stephen Lindericle Esquire, Sir Humfrey Bohum Earle of Hereford and Essex, Lord of Pembrooke, Richard the great Earle of Arundell, Sur
rey, and Warren beheaded, 1397. Sir Edward Arundell, and Dame Elizabeth his wife, Sir Frauncis Courtney, Earle of Pembroke, which married Alice sister to the Earle of Oxford: Dame Lucie Knowles of Kent, Sir Peter Grinfers of France, the Lord Vere Earle of Oxford, Ambrose de Vere, son to the Earle of Oxforde, Sir Thomas Tadnam Knight, William Bourser, Lord Fitz Warren, Sir Thomas de la Lande Knight, Dame Ioane Noris the Ladie of Bedforde, Anne daughter to Iohn Vicount Welles, Walter Neuel Esquire, Sir Iohn Man
ners Knight, the wife of Sir Dauid Cradocke knight, the mo
ther to the Lord Spencers wife, Sir Bartlemew Dadlegate,Iohn sonne to Sir Iohn Wingfield, Sir Walter Mewes, Ro
bert ne Wenton Esquire, Philip Spencer sonne to Sir Hugh Spencer, Dame Isabell daughter to Sir Hugh. In the bodie of the church, Dame Iulian wife to Sir Richarde Lacie, Sir Thomas Courtney sonne to the Earle of Deuonshire, and by him his sister, wedded to Cheuerstone, the daughter of the Lord Beamont, two sonnes of Sir Thomas Morley, to wit William and Ralph, Sir William Talmage Knight, Nicholas Blondell Esquire, Sir Richard Chamberlaine Esquire, Iohn Halton gentleman, Sir Iohn Gifford Knight, Thomas Manningham Esquire, Sir William Kenude Knight, Sir William sonne to
Sir
140
Sir Thomas Terell, Iohn Surell gentleman. In the east wing Margaret Barentin gentlewoman, Iohn Spicer Esquire, and Letis his wife, Iohn le
Percers Esquire, Roger
Chibary Esquire, Peter Morens Esquire, Thomas sonne to Sir William Beckland. Iames Cuthing Esquire, Iohn Chornet Esquire, William Kenley Esquire, Margery wife to Thomas Bande & daughter to Iohn Huch, the Lord Mawris of Barkeley, & Earle of Nothingham, and Dame Ioane his wife. In the west wing Sir Iohn Terrell, and Dame Katherine his wife, Sir Walter of Powle Knight, Sir Iohn Blanckwell and his wife, Dame Iane Sayne, daughter to Sir Iohn Lee, Sir Iohn Dawbeny, sonne and heyre to Sir Giles Dawbeny, William sonne to Sir Roger Scroope, Dame Ioane Dawbeny wife to Sir William Daw
beny, Thomas Charles Esquire, Sir Iohn Dawbeny knight, and his sonne Robert, Sir Iames Bell Knight, Sir Oliuer Man
ny Knight, Henry Desky Esquire, Sir Diones Mordaske Knight, Sir Bernard Rolingcort, Sir Peter Kayor knights, Sir William Tirell knight, Sir William his brother, William Col
lingborne Esquire beheaded 1484. Sir Roger Clifford knight, Sir Thomas Coke Mayor in the yeare 1462. William Edward Mayor 1471. Sir Iohn Dawtry Knight 1519. Dame Marga
ret Rade 1510.
On the south side and at the West ende of this Church many fayre houses are
builded, namely in Throgmorton street,
one ve
rie large and spacious, builded in the place of olde and small tene
ments, by Thomas Cromwel mayster of the kings Iewel house, after that Mayster of the Rolles, then Lorde Cromwell Knight Lord priuie seale, Uicker Generall, Earle of Essex, high Cham
berlaine of England &c. This house being finished, and ha
uing some reasonable plot of ground left for a garden, he caused the pales of the gardens adioyning to the north part thereof on a sodaine to be taken downe 22. foote to be measured forth right in
to the north of euery mans ground, a line there to be drawne, a trench to be cast, a foundation laid, and a high bricke wall to be builded: my father had a garden there, he had also an house stan
ding close to his wall, this house they loosed from the ground, and carried on rowlers into my fathers garden, 22. foote ere my father
als of gold, vpon a shield Azure. From this hall on the same side downe to the grates and course of Walbrooke haue ye diuers faire houses for marchants and other, from the which grates, backe a
gaine on the other side in Lethbury (so called in record of Edward the third. the 38. yeare, (and now corruptly called Lothbury) are candlesticke founders placed, till ye come to Bartholemew lane, so called of S. Bartholmews church, at the southeast corner there
of. In this lane also are diuers fayre builded houses on both sides, and so likewise haue ye in the other stréete, which stretcheth from the Friers Augustins South gate, to the corner ouer against S. Bennets church. In this stréet amongst other fayre buildings the most ancient was of old time an house pertayning to the Abbot of S. Albons, Iohn Catcher Alderman now dwelleth there: then is there a large Frée schoole pertayning to the late dissolued Hospitall of S. Anthony: in this schoole hath béene many good schollers trai
ned vp Now in thrée néedle stréet, on the south part therof, the first monument at ye east end by the wel with 2. buckets or pump is the parish Church of S. Martin, called Oteswich, of William Otes
wich, and Iohn Otoswich his sonne new founders thereof. There be monuments in this Church, of William Constantine Alder
man, and Emme his wife. Katherine wife to Benedick Augu
stine, Sir William Drifield knight, Iohn Oteswich and his
son or patronage of this church, foure messuages & 17. shops with the appurtenances in the parish of S. Martins Oteswich &c. to the maister and Wardens of Taylors and linnen armourers, kée
pers of the Gwild, and fraternitie of S. Iohn Baptist in London, and to their successors in perpetuall almes, to be imployed on the poore brethren and sisters: whereupon (adioyning vnto the West end of this parish church) the said maister & wardens builded about a proper quadrant or squared court, seuen almes houses,
in they placed seuen almes men, of that company, and their wiues (if they had wiues) each of these 7. of old time had xiiij.ď.the wéeke, but now of later time their stipend by the said mayster and War
dens hath béene augmented to the summe of xxvj.s̃.the quarter, which is v.pound iiij.s̃.the yeare to each of them besides coales, more to each of them xxs̃.the yeare by gift of Walter Fish some
time mayster of that company and Taylor to her Maiestie.
rie large and spacious, builded in the place of olde and small tene
ments, by Thomas Cromwel mayster of the kings Iewel house, after that Mayster of the Rolles, then Lorde Cromwell Knight Lord priuie seale, Uicker Generall, Earle of Essex, high Cham
berlaine of England &c. This house being finished, and ha
uing some reasonable plot of ground left for a garden, he caused the pales of the gardens adioyning to the north part thereof on a sodaine to be taken downe 22. foote to be measured forth right in
to the north of euery mans ground, a line there to be drawne, a trench to be cast, a foundation laid, and a high bricke wall to be builded: my father had a garden there, he had also an house stan
ding close to his wall, this house they loosed from the ground, and carried on rowlers into my fathers garden, 22. foote ere my father
heard
141
heard
thereof, no warning was giuen him, nor other aunswere when he heard thereof, and
spake to the surueighers of that wirke, but that their mayster, Sir Thomas commanded them so to doe, no man
durst go to argue the matter, but each man lost his land: and so much of mine owne
knowledge haue I thought good to note, that the sodaine rising of some men,
causeth them in some matters to forget themselues. The company of the
Drapers
The Drapers hall.
in London bought this house, and
now the same is their common hall, this company obtained of king Henry the sixt, in the 17. of his raign to be
incorporate. Iohn Gidney was chosen to be
their first M. & the 4. wardens were, I.
Wotton, I. Darbie, Robert Breton, & T.
Cooke. The armes
The Drapers
armes.
granted to the said companie by Sir
William Bridges Knight, first Gartier, or
principall King at Armes of England in Blason are thus: Thrée sun beames
issuing out of three clowds of flame, crowned with thrée crownes imperials of gold, vpon a shield Azure. From this hall on the same side downe to the grates and course of Walbrooke haue ye diuers faire houses for marchants and other, from the which grates, backe a
gaine on the other side in Lethbury (so called in record of Edward the third. the 38. yeare, (and now corruptly called Lothbury) are candlesticke founders placed, till ye come to Bartholemew lane, so called of S. Bartholmews church, at the southeast corner there
of. In this lane also are diuers fayre builded houses on both sides, and so likewise haue ye in the other stréete, which stretcheth from the Friers Augustins South gate, to the corner ouer against S. Bennets church. In this stréet amongst other fayre buildings the most ancient was of old time an house pertayning to the Abbot of S. Albons, Iohn Catcher Alderman now dwelleth there: then is there a large Frée schoole pertayning to the late dissolued Hospitall of S. Anthony: in this schoole hath béene many good schollers trai
ned vp Now in thrée néedle stréet, on the south part therof, the first monument at ye east end by the wel with 2. buckets or pump is the parish Church of S. Martin, called Oteswich, of William Otes
wich, and Iohn Otoswich his sonne new founders thereof. There be monuments in this Church, of William Constantine Alder
man, and Emme his wife. Katherine wife to Benedick Augu
stine, Sir William Drifield knight, Iohn Oteswich and his
wife
142
wife,
vnder a fayre monument on the south side, Iohn
Churchman one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1385.
Richard Naylor Taylor Alderman 1483.
Iames Falleron, Iohn
Melchborne, Thomas Hey and Ellis his wife, William Clitherow and Margaret his wife, Oliuer and William
sonnes to Iohn Woodrofe Esquire, Hugh Pemberton Taylor Alderman, 1500.
and Katherine his wife, Mathew Pemberton Merchant Taylor about 1514. hee gaue 50. pound to the repayring of S. Laurence Chappell. The aforesaid Iohn Churchman for William and Iohn
Oteswich by licence of Henry the
fourth, the 6.
of his raigne gaue the aduowson or patronage of this church, foure messuages & 17. shops with the appurtenances in the parish of S. Martins Oteswich &c. to the maister and Wardens of Taylors and linnen armourers, kée
pers of the Gwild, and fraternitie of S. Iohn Baptist in London, and to their successors in perpetuall almes, to be imployed on the poore brethren and sisters: whereupon (adioyning vnto the West end of this parish church) the said maister & wardens builded about a proper quadrant or squared court, seuen almes houses,
Taylers and linnen armo
rers their alms houses.
whererers their alms houses.
in they placed seuen almes men, of that company, and their wiues (if they had wiues) each of these 7. of old time had xiiij.ď.the wéeke, but now of later time their stipend by the said mayster and War
dens hath béene augmented to the summe of xxvj.s̃.the quarter, which is v.pound iiij.s̃.the yeare to each of them besides coales, more to each of them xxs̃.the yeare by gift of Walter Fish some
time mayster of that company and Taylor to her Maiestie.
Some smal distance from thence is the Merchant Taylors
hal,
pertayning to the Guilde and fraternitie of S. Iohn Baptist,
time out of mind, called of Taylors,
firmed this Guild by the name of Tailors and linnen armourers: and also gaue to the brethren thereof authoritie euery yeare at midsommer to hold a feast,
rie (as one that trauelled for the whole companie) was then so called vntill the 11. of Richard the second: and the foure war
dens
taining to a worshipfull gentleman named Edmond Crepin: he in the yeare of Christ 1331. the sixt of Edward the third, for a cer
taine summe of money to him paid, made his grant thereof by the name of his principall messuage in the wardes of Cornehill, and Brodestréet, which Sir Oliuer Ingham knight did then hold, to Ihon of Yakesley the kings pauilion maker. The 21. of Edward the fourth, Thomas Clarentius principall king of Herraldes, for the south parte of England, granted by his pattentes to the saide fraternitie and guilde of S. Ihon Baptist, of Taylors and linnen armourers,
tels imperiall, purple, garnished with golde, in a chiefe Azure an holy lambe, set within a sunne, the creast vpon the helme, a paui
lion purple garnished with gold &c After this King Henry the se
uenth, being himself a brother of this fraternity, or guild of S. Iohn Baptist of Tailors and linnen
decessors Kinges before him had beene, to wit Rychard the third, Edward the fourth, Henry the sixt, Henry the fift, Henry the fourth, & Richard the second: And for that diuers of that fraterni
tie had time out of mind, beene great marchants, and had frequen
ted all sortes of marchandises into most partes of the world, to the honor of the kings realme, and to the great profit of his subiectes, & of his progenitors and the men of the said misterie during the time aforesaid, had exercised the buying and selling of all wares and merchandises, especially of woollen cloth, as well in grosse, as by retayle, throughout all this realme of England, and chiefly with
in the said citie, therefore he of his especiall grace did change, trans
ferre and translate the Guilde aforesaid, and did incorporate them into the name of the mayster and wardens of the Marchant Tay
lors, of the fraternity of S. Iohn Baptist in the citie of London.
Antiquity of
the Taylors feast by au
thority.
and linnen armourers of London, for I find that King Edward the first in the 28. of his raygne
conthority.
firmed this Guild by the name of Tailors and linnen armourers: and also gaue to the brethren thereof authoritie euery yeare at midsommer to hold a feast,
A
pilgrim to trauaile for the Taylers now called maister pur
ueyers of alms now called Wardens.
and to choose
vnto them a gouernour, or mayster with Wardens: wherevpon the same yeare 1300.
on the feast day of the natiuitie of Saynt Iohn Baptist, they
chose Henry de Ryall to be their pilgrim for
the mayster of this misteueyers of alms now called Wardens.
rie (as one that trauelled for the whole companie) was then so called vntill the 11. of Richard the second: and the foure war
dens
were
143
were then
called purueyors of alms, (now called quarterage) of the said fraternitie. This
Marchant Taylors
Taylers pur
chase their hal.
hal sometime perchase their hal.
taining to a worshipfull gentleman named Edmond Crepin: he in the yeare of Christ 1331. the sixt of Edward the third, for a cer
taine summe of money to him paid, made his grant thereof by the name of his principall messuage in the wardes of Cornehill, and Brodestréet, which Sir Oliuer Ingham knight did then hold, to Ihon of Yakesley the kings pauilion maker. The 21. of Edward the fourth, Thomas Clarentius principall king of Herraldes, for the south parte of England, granted by his pattentes to the saide fraternitie and guilde of S. Ihon Baptist, of Taylors and linnen armourers,
The marchant Taylors armes
to beare in a field siluer, a pauilion betwéene two mantels imperiall, purple, garnished with golde, in a chiefe Azure an holy lambe, set within a sunne, the creast vpon the helme, a paui
lion purple garnished with gold &c After this King Henry the se
uenth, being himself a brother of this fraternity, or guild of S. Iohn Baptist of Tailors and linnen
Taylers & lin
nen armorers incorporate marchant Taylors.
armourers (as diuers other his prenen armorers incorporate marchant Taylors.
decessors Kinges before him had beene, to wit Rychard the third, Edward the fourth, Henry the sixt, Henry the fift, Henry the fourth, & Richard the second: And for that diuers of that fraterni
tie had time out of mind, beene great marchants, and had frequen
ted all sortes of marchandises into most partes of the world, to the honor of the kings realme, and to the great profit of his subiectes, & of his progenitors and the men of the said misterie during the time aforesaid, had exercised the buying and selling of all wares and merchandises, especially of woollen cloth, as well in grosse, as by retayle, throughout all this realme of England, and chiefly with
in the said citie, therefore he of his especiall grace did change, trans
ferre and translate the Guilde aforesaid, and did incorporate them into the name of the mayster and wardens of the Marchant Tay
lors, of the fraternity of S. Iohn Baptist in the citie of London.
Some distance West from this the Marchant Taylors
hall, is Finkes lane,
so called of Robert Finke, and Robert Finke his sonne, Iames Finke, and Rosamund
Finke. Robert Finke the elder new
builded the parish Church of Saint Bennet,
commonly called Finke of the founder, his
tenementes were both of Saint Bennets
parish, and S. Martins Otelwich
parish: the
ar Plommer, 1410. &c.
one
144
one halfe
of this Finke lane is of Brodestréete ward. to wit, on the west side vp to the
great and principall house, and the same house wherein the said Finke
dwelled: but on the other side namely the East not so much towardes Cornehill: then without this lane in the foresaid thrée néedle stréete, is the said parish Church of Saynt Bennet, a proper Church,
in which are these monumentes of the deade. Robert Simpson and Elizabeth his wife, Roger
Strange Esquire, Trerisse,
William Coolby, Iohn
Frey, Thomas Briar Plommer, 1410. &c.
Some distance west is the Royall Exchaunge, whereof
more shalbe spoken in the warde of Cornehill, and so
downe to the little Conduite, called the pissing
Conduit, by the Stockes market, and this is
the south side of thrée néedle stréete.
On the North side of this stréet from ouer against the East cor
ner of S. Martins Oteswich Church, haue ye diuers fayre and large houses till you come to the hospitall
time a Cell to S. Anthonies of Vienna. For I reade that King Henry the third graunted to the brotherhood of S. Anthony of Vienna, a place amongst the Iewes, which was sometime their Sinagogue,
tenances, with certain pensions & portions of Milborn, Turne
worth, Charlton, & vp Wimborne, in ye county of Southhāpton towards ye maintenance of 5. schollers in the vniuersity of Oxford
ner of S. Martins Oteswich Church, haue ye diuers fayre and large houses till you come to the hospitall
Hospitall of S. Anthony sometime a Sinagogue of
the Iewes.
of S. Anthony, sometime a Cell to S. Anthonies of Vienna. For I reade that King Henry the third graunted to the brotherhood of S. Anthony of Vienna, a place amongst the Iewes, which was sometime their Sinagogue,
Patent record.
and had béene
builded by them about the yeare 1231 but the
christians obtayned of the king that it should be dedicated to our blessed Lady,
and since an Hospital being there builded, was called S. Anthonies in London: it was founded in the parish of S. Bennet Finke, for a mayster, two
priestes, one schoolemayster, and 12. poore men: after this foundation amongst
other thinges giuen to this Hospitall, one was a messuage and garden, and one
other parcell of ground contained 37. foote in length, and 18. foot in breadth in
the parish of S81. Bennet Finke: this was
giuen to the Mayster of the Hospitall, to the enlarging of their Church and house
to the same belonging, for a maister, fourtéene priests, &c. in the seuenth of Henry the sixt.
King Henry the sixt his gift to
S. An
thonies Hos
pitall.
Moreouer
king Henry the sixt, in the twentieth of his
raigne gaue vnto Iohn Carpenter
Doctor of diuinity, maister of S. Anthonies
hospital, and to his brethren and their successors for euer his mannor of Poninghton with the apurthonies Hos
pitall.
tenances, with certain pensions & portions of Milborn, Turne
worth, Charlton, & vp Wimborne, in ye county of Southhāpton towards ye maintenance of 5. schollers in the vniuersity of Oxford
to
145
to be
brought vp in the facultie of artes, after the rate of ten pence the weeke, for
euerie Scholler: so that the saide Schollers before their going to
Oxforde, bee first instructed in their rudimentes of Grammar, at the
Colledge of Eaton, founded by the saide king.
In the yeare 1474. Edward the fourth granted to
VVilliam Say, Batcheler of Diuinitie,
maister of the Hospitall of S. Antho
ny, to haue Priests, Clarkes, Schollers, poore men, and Bre
thren of the same Clarks or Lay men, Queristers, Procters, Mes
sengers, Seruantes in Houshold, and other things whatsoeuer, the like as the Prior and Couent of S. Anthonies, of Vienna, &c. This Hospitall was annexed, vnited, and appropriated vnto the Colegiate Church of S. George in Windsor, aboute the yeare 1485, (as was reported) by Sir Anthonie Baker (maister of the saide Hospitall,) to Sir Iohn Wolsborne knight, and other com
missioners in the seauen and thirtith of Henry the eight, since the saide annexing, to wit in the yeare 1499 the foureteenth of Hen
ry the seuenth, Sir Iohn Tate
ser, caused his Brue house called the Swan, neare adioyning to the saide, Frée Chappell, Colledge, or Hospitall, of S. Anthonie, to bée taken down, for the enlarging of the Church, which was then newly builded: toward the building whereof the saide Tate gaue greate sommes of money.
ny, to haue Priests, Clarkes, Schollers, poore men, and Bre
thren of the same Clarks or Lay men, Queristers, Procters, Mes
sengers, Seruantes in Houshold, and other things whatsoeuer, the like as the Prior and Couent of S. Anthonies, of Vienna, &c. This Hospitall was annexed, vnited, and appropriated vnto the Colegiate Church of S. George in Windsor, aboute the yeare 1485, (as was reported) by Sir Anthonie Baker (maister of the saide Hospitall,) to Sir Iohn Wolsborne knight, and other com
missioners in the seauen and thirtith of Henry the eight, since the saide annexing, to wit in the yeare 1499 the foureteenth of Hen
ry the seuenth, Sir Iohn Tate
Iohn Tate his gift
to S. An
thonies Hospi
tall.
sometime
Ale Bruer, then a Merthonies Hospi
tall.
ser, caused his Brue house called the Swan, neare adioyning to the saide, Frée Chappell, Colledge, or Hospitall, of S. Anthonie, to bée taken down, for the enlarging of the Church, which was then newly builded: toward the building whereof the saide Tate gaue greate sommes of money.
This goodly foundation hauing a free schoole and Almeshouses
nished in the yeare 1501. the saide Iohn Tate deceased about the yeare 1514. and was there buried in a monument by him prepa
red, as appeareth by an indenture tripartite, made betwéene the saide Iohn Tate, the Deane of Windsor, and William Mil
borne Chamberlaine.
Free Schoole and Almose
houses.
for poore men (builded of hard stone) adioyning to the west
end of the Church, was of olde time confirmed by Henry the sixt in the
yeare 1447. The outward worke of this new church was fihouses.
nished in the yeare 1501. the saide Iohn Tate deceased about the yeare 1514. and was there buried in a monument by him prepa
red, as appeareth by an indenture tripartite, made betwéene the saide Iohn Tate, the Deane of Windsor, and William Mil
borne Chamberlaine.
VValter Champion Draper, one of the
Sheriffes of Lon
don, 1529. was buried there, and gaue to the Beademen twen
tie pound. The lands by yeare of this Hospitall were valued in the seauen and thirtie of Henry the eight to be fifety fiue pound, six shillinges eight pence.
don, 1529. was buried there, and gaue to the Beademen twen
tie pound. The lands by yeare of this Hospitall were valued in the seauen and thirtie of Henry the eight to be fifety fiue pound, six shillinges eight pence.
One Iohnson (a Schoolemaister there) became a
Prehenda
rie
ses with other be now letten out for rent, and the Church is a preaching place for the French nation.
rie
rie
L
146
rie of
Windsor, and then by little and little followed the spoile of this
Hospitall: he first dissolued the Quire, conueyed the plate and ornamentes, then
the Bels, and lastlie put out the Almes men
Almes
men put from their houses at S. Anthonies
Hospitall
from their houses, appointing them portions of twelue
pence the weeke to each (but now I heare of no such matter) their houses with other be now letten out for rent, and the Church is a preaching place for the French nation.
This Schoole house was commanded in the raigne of Henry the sixt, and
sithence also aboue other: but now it is decay
ed, and come to nothing, by taking from it, what thereun
to belonged. Next is the Parrish Church of Saint Bartilmew at the ende of Bartlemew Lane, Thomas Pike Alderman, with the helpe of Nicholas Yoo, one of the Sheriffes of London, in the yeare 1438. new builded this church, and were there buried: Sir Iohn Frey knight, and Alderban, a Gascoyne, were buried there. Sir William Cappell Maior, 1509. added vnto this Church a proper Chappel on the south side thereof, and was buried there: Sir Giles Chapple, Iames Wilforde. Taylor, one of the Sheriffes, 1499. appointed by his Testament, a Doctor of Diuinity, euery Good Fryday, for euer to preach there, of Christes Passion, from six of the clocke, till 8. before noone, in the said Church: Iohn Wilforde Marchant-Taylor Alderman, 1544. Sir Iames Wilforde, 1550. Sir George Barne Mayor, 1552. &c.
ed, and come to nothing, by taking from it, what thereun
to belonged. Next is the Parrish Church of Saint Bartilmew at the ende of Bartlemew Lane, Thomas Pike Alderman, with the helpe of Nicholas Yoo, one of the Sheriffes of London, in the yeare 1438. new builded this church, and were there buried: Sir Iohn Frey knight, and Alderban, a Gascoyne, were buried there. Sir William Cappell Maior, 1509. added vnto this Church a proper Chappel on the south side thereof, and was buried there: Sir Giles Chapple, Iames Wilforde. Taylor, one of the Sheriffes, 1499. appointed by his Testament, a Doctor of Diuinity, euery Good Fryday, for euer to preach there, of Christes Passion, from six of the clocke, till 8. before noone, in the said Church: Iohn Wilforde Marchant-Taylor Alderman, 1544. Sir Iames Wilforde, 1550. Sir George Barne Mayor, 1552. &c.
Then lower downe towardes the Stockes market is the
par
rish Church of S. Christopher,
vnto: Iohn Gidney Maior, 1427. William Hampton Maior, 1472. was a great benefactor, and glased some of the Church windowes, Sir William Martin Maior 1492. Roger Achley Maior, 1511. Robert Thorne Marchant Taylor, 1532. hee gaue by his Testament in Charity more then foure thousand four hundred forty fiue pound. Iohn Norryholme, Ralph Batte, Allice Perciuall, Iane Drew, William Borresbie, Iohn Becke
rish Church of S. Christopher,
parish church of S. Christo
pher.
but reedified to new: for Richard Shore one of the Sheriffes, 1506.
gaue money towardes the building of the steeple. There lye buried Richarde Sherington
1392. who gaue landes to that Church: the Lady Margaret Norforde
1406. Iohn Clauering
1421. who gaue lands therepher.
vnto: Iohn Gidney Maior, 1427. William Hampton Maior, 1472. was a great benefactor, and glased some of the Church windowes, Sir William Martin Maior 1492. Roger Achley Maior, 1511. Robert Thorne Marchant Taylor, 1532. hee gaue by his Testament in Charity more then foure thousand four hundred forty fiue pound. Iohn Norryholme, Ralph Batte, Allice Perciuall, Iane Drew, William Borresbie, Iohn Becke
Richard
147
Richard Sutten, William
Batte, Iames Well, Henry Beacher Alderman, 1570.
West from this Church haue ye Skalding Alley, of
olde time, called Skalding house, or Skalding Wike,
because that ground for the most part was then imployed
by Poulters, that dwelled in the high streete, from the Stockes market to the great
Con
duit. Their Poultrie which they sold at their stalles were skal
ded there, the streete doth yet beare the name of the Poultrie, and the Poulters are but lately departed from thence into other streets as into Grasse streete, and to the endes of S. Nicholas flesh shambles. This Skalding Wike is the farthest west part of Brodestreete ward, and is by the water called Walbrooke, par
ted from Cheape warde: this Brodestreete warde hath an Al
derman with his Deputie, common Counsellors ten, Constables ten, Scauengers eight, Wardmote inquest thirteene, and a Bea
dle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in London, at seauen and twentie pound, and accounted in the Exchequer after twentie fiue pound.
duit. Their Poultrie which they sold at their stalles were skal
ded there, the streete doth yet beare the name of the Poultrie, and the Poulters are but lately departed from thence into other streets as into Grasse streete, and to the endes of S. Nicholas flesh shambles. This Skalding Wike is the farthest west part of Brodestreete ward, and is by the water called Walbrooke, par
ted from Cheape warde: this Brodestreete warde hath an Al
derman with his Deputie, common Counsellors ten, Constables ten, Scauengers eight, Wardmote inquest thirteene, and a Bea
dle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in London, at seauen and twentie pound, and accounted in the Exchequer after twentie fiue pound.
THe next ward towardes the south, is Corn
hill warde, so called of a corne market, time
out of mind there holden, and is a part of
the principall high streete, beginning at the
west end of Leaden hall, stretching downe
west on both the sides by the south end of
Finckes lane, on the right hand, and by the
North ende of Birchouers lane, on the
left part of which lanes, to wit, to the middle of them is of this
ward and so down to the Stockes market, and this is the bounds
of this Ward. The vpper, or East part of this Warde, and al
so a part of Lymestreete warde hath beene (as I saide) a
market place, especially for Corne, and since for all kinde
of victuals, as is partly shewed in Limestreete warde, yet it ap
peareth of record, that in the yere 1522. the Rippars of Rie and
other places solde their fresh fish in Leaden hall market, vpon
Cornhil, but forren Butchers were not admitted, there to sel flesh
chers & other should sel their beefe and mutton by weight, to wit
beefe not aboue a halfpennie the pound, and mutton halfpenny half
farthing: which act being deuised for the great commodity of the
realme, (as it was then thought) hath since proued far otherwaies,
for before that time a fat oxe was solde at London, for sixe and
twentie shillings 8.ď. at the most, a fat Wether for thrée shillings
4. pence, a fat Calfe the like price, a fat Lambe for twelue pence,
peeces of beefe weighed two poundes and a halfe, at the least, yea
thrée pound or better for a pennie on euerie Butchers stal in this
Citie: and of those peeces of beefe thirteene or foureteene for
twelue pence, fat mutton for eight pence the quarter, and one hun
dred weight of beefe for foure shillinges eight pence at the dearest:
What the price is now, I néede not to set downe, many men
thought the same to raise in price: by meane that euerie Grasier
knew or supposed what weight euery their beastes contayned,
and so raising their price thereafter, the Butcher could be no gay
ner, but by likewise raising his price: but the true causes of en
hansing the prices both of those and other victualls are not to bee
disputed here. &c. The Forren Butchers for a long time stoode
in the high streete of Limestreete warde, twise euerie weeke vz.
Wednesday and Saturday, and were some gaine to the Ten
nantes before whose dores they stoode, and into whose houses
they set their blockes and stalles, on the north side of that streete,
but that aduantage being espied, they were taken into Leaden
hall, there to pay for their standinges to the Chamber of Lon
don. Thus much for the market vppon Cornhill.
hill warde, so called of a corne market, time
out of mind there holden, and is a part of
the principall high streete, beginning at the
west end of Leaden hall, stretching downe
west on both the sides by the south end of
Finckes lane, on the right hand, and by the
North ende of Birchouers lane, on the
left part of which lanes, to wit, to the middle of them is of this
ward and so down to the Stockes market, and this is the bounds
of this Ward. The vpper, or East part of this Warde, and al
so a part of Lymestreete warde hath beene (as I saide) a
market place, especially for Corne, and since for all kinde
of victuals, as is partly shewed in Limestreete warde, yet it ap
peareth of record, that in the yere 1522. the Rippars of Rie and
other places solde their fresh fish in Leaden hall market, vpon
Cornhil, but forren Butchers were not admitted, there to sel flesh
L 2
till
148
til the yere
1533. & shortly after it was enacted, that the said Butchers & other should sel their beefe and mutton by weight, to wit
beefe not aboue a halfpennie the pound, and mutton halfpenny half
farthing: which act being deuised for the great commodity of the
realme, (as it was then thought) hath since proued far otherwaies,
for before that time a fat oxe was solde at London, for sixe and
twentie shillings 8.ď. at the most, a fat Wether for thrée shillings
4. pence, a fat Calfe the like price, a fat Lambe for twelue pence,
peeces of beefe weighed two poundes and a halfe, at the least, yea
thrée pound or better for a pennie on euerie Butchers stal in this
Citie: and of those peeces of beefe thirteene or foureteene for
twelue pence, fat mutton for eight pence the quarter, and one hun
dred weight of beefe for foure shillinges eight pence at the dearest:
What the price is now, I néede not to set downe, many men
thought the same to raise in price: by meane that euerie Grasier
knew or supposed what weight euery their beastes contayned,
and so raising their price thereafter, the Butcher could be no gay
ner, but by likewise raising his price: but the true causes of en
hansing the prices both of those and other victualls are not to bee
disputed here. &c. The Forren Butchers for a long time stoode
in the high streete of Limestreete warde, twise euerie weeke vz.
Wednesday and Saturday, and were some gaine to the Ten
nantes before whose dores they stoode, and into whose houses
they set their blockes and stalles, on the north side of that streete,
but that aduantage being espied, they were taken into Leaden
hall, there to pay for their standinges to the Chamber of Lon
don. Thus much for the market vppon Cornhill.
The chiefe ornamentes in Cornhil warde are
these. First at
the East end thereof, in the middle of the high streete, and at the
parting of foure wayes, haue ye a water standarde, placed there
in the yeare 1582. in manner following.
the East end thereof, in the middle of the high streete, and at the
parting of foure wayes, haue ye a water standarde, placed there
in the yeare 1582. in manner following.
A certaine German or Dutch man borne, named Peter Mor
ris, hauing made an Artificiall Forcier, for that purpose, conueyed
Thames water in pipes of Lead, ouer the steeple of S. Magnus
Church, at the north end of London bridge, and from thence into
diuers mens houses, in Thames streete, New fish streete and
Grassestreete, vp to the northwest corner of Leaden hall, the
rising into this Standarde (prouided at the charges of the Citie)
with foure spoutes runneth foure waies, plentifully seruing to the
commoditie of the inhabitantes neare adioyning in their houses,
and also clenseth the Channels of the streete towardes Bishops
gate, Aldegate, the Bridge, and the Stockes market.
ris, hauing made an Artificiall Forcier, for that purpose, conueyed
Thames water in pipes of Lead, ouer the steeple of S. Magnus
Church, at the north end of London bridge, and from thence into
diuers mens houses, in Thames streete, New fish streete and
Grassestreete, vp to the northwest corner of Leaden hall, the
highest
149
highest
ground of al the Citie, where the wast
of the maine piperising into this Standarde (prouided at the charges of the Citie)
with foure spoutes runneth foure waies, plentifully seruing to the
commoditie of the inhabitantes neare adioyning in their houses,
and also clenseth the Channels of the streete towardes Bishops
gate, Aldegate, the Bridge, and the Stockes market.
Then haue ye a fayre Conduite of swéete water, castellated in
the middest of that warde and streete. This Conduite was first
builded of stone, in the yeare, 1282. by Henry Walles, Maior of
London, to be a prison for night walkers, & other suspitious per
sons, and was called the Tunne vpon Cornhill, because the same
was builded somewhat in fashion of a Tonne standing on the one
end.
the middest of that warde and streete. This Conduite was first
builded of stone, in the yeare, 1282. by Henry Walles, Maior of
London, to be a prison for night walkers, & other suspitious per
sons, and was called the Tunne vpon Cornhill, because the same
was builded somewhat in fashion of a Tonne standing on the one
end.
Also without the West side of this Tunne, was a
fayre well
1298. certaine principall Citizens of London, brake vp this pri
son called the Tunne, and tooke out certain prisoners for the which
they were sharply punished by long imprisonment, & great fines,
as in another place I haue shewed.
A fayre well
vpon Cornhil.
of
springing water, curbed round with hard stone. In the yearevpon Cornhil.
1298. certaine principall Citizens of London, brake vp this pri
son called the Tunne, and tooke out certain prisoners for the which
they were sharply punished by long imprisonment, & great fines,
as in another place I haue shewed.
In the yeare 1401. this prison house called the Tunne was
made a Cesterne for sweete water conueyed by pipes of Leade frõ
the towne of Tyborne, and was from thence forth called the con
duite vpon Cornhill: Then was the wall planked ouer, and a
strong prison made of Timber, called a Cage, with a payre of
stockes set vpon it, on the top of which Cage was placed a Pillory
for the punishment of Bakers offending in the Assise of Breade:
for Millers stealeing of Corne at the Mill: and for baudes
and scolds &c. In the yeare 1475. R. Drope Mayor, dwelling
in that warde inlarged the Cestern of this Conduite, with an
east end of stone, and lead castelated in comely manner. In the
yeare 1546. Sir Martin Bowes Maior dwelling in Lombard
streete, and hauing his backe gate opening into Cornhill against
the saide Conduite, minded to haue enlarged the Cesterne there
of
the East: view and measure of the plot was taken, for this worke,
but the Pillorie and Cage being remoued, they found the ground
planked, and the well aforesaide (worne out of memorie) which
what west from the well, and so this worke ceased.
made a Cesterne for sweete water conueyed by pipes of Leade frõ
the towne of Tyborne, and was from thence forth called the con
duite vpon Cornhill: Then was the wall planked ouer, and a
strong prison made of Timber, called a Cage, with a payre of
stockes set vpon it, on the top of which Cage was placed a Pillory
for the punishment of Bakers offending in the Assise of Breade:
for Millers stealeing of Corne at the Mill: and for baudes
and scolds &c. In the yeare 1475. R. Drope Mayor, dwelling
in that warde inlarged the Cestern of this Conduite, with an
east end of stone, and lead castelated in comely manner. In the
yeare 1546. Sir Martin Bowes Maior dwelling in Lombard
streete, and hauing his backe gate opening into Cornhill against
the saide Conduite, minded to haue enlarged the Cesterne there
of
Conduite
vpõ
Cornhil enlar
ged.
with a west end, like as Robert Drope before had don towardCornhil enlar
ged.
the East: view and measure of the plot was taken, for this worke,
but the Pillorie and Cage being remoued, they found the ground
planked, and the well aforesaide (worne out of memorie) which
L 3
wel
150
well they
reuiued and restored to vse, they set the Pillorie somewhat west from the well, and so this worke ceased.
On the North side of this street, from the East vnto the West
haue ye diuers fayre houses for marchantes and other, amongst
the which one large house is called the Wey house, where mar
chandizes brought from beyond the seas, are to bée weighed at
the Kinges Beame: This house hath a maister, and vnder him
foure maister Portars, with Portars vnder them: they haue a
strong cart, and were vsed to haue foure great horses, to draw and
carrie the wares from the marchants houses to the beam & backe
again: now thrée horses serue the turn. Sir Thomas Louel knight
builded this house, with a fayre front of Tenementes towards the
streete, all which he gaue to the Grocers of London, himselfe
being free of the Citie, and a brother of that Companie.
haue ye diuers fayre houses for marchantes and other, amongst
the which one large house is called the Wey house, where mar
chandizes brought from beyond the seas, are to bée weighed at
the Kinges Beame: This house hath a maister, and vnder him
foure maister Portars, with Portars vnder them: they haue a
strong cart, and were vsed to haue foure great horses, to draw and
carrie the wares from the marchants houses to the beam & backe
again: now thrée horses serue the turn. Sir Thomas Louel knight
builded this house, with a fayre front of Tenementes towards the
streete, all which he gaue to the Grocers of London, himselfe
being free of the Citie, and a brother of that Companie.
Then haue yée the saide Finckes
lane, the southende of which
lane on both the sides is in Cornhill warde.
lane on both the sides is in Cornhill warde.
Then next is the Royall Exchange erected. In the yere 1566.
after this order, vz: certaine houses vpon Cornhill, and the like
vpon the backe thereof, in the warde of Brodestreete, with thrée
Allies, the first called Swan Alley, opening into Cornhill, the se
cond called New Alley, passing throughout of Cornhil into Brod
streete warde, ouer-against S. Bartilmew lane, the thirde called
S. Christophers Alley, opening into Brodestreete warde, and
into S. Christophers Parrish, conteyning in all fourescore house
holdes: were first purchased by the Citizens of London, for more
then 353283.l. and were solde for 478.l. to such persons as shoulde
take them down, and carrie the stuffe from thence, also the ground
or plot was made plaine at the charges of the Citie, and then pos
session thereof was by certaine Aldermen, in name of the whole
Citizens giuen to Sir Thomas Gresham knight, Agent to the
Queenes Highnesse, thereupon to builde a burse, or place, for
Marchantes, to assemble in, at his own proper charges: and hee
on the seuenth of Iune laying the first stone of the foundation, be
ing Bricke, accompanied with some Aldermen, euery of them
laide a peece of gold, which the workemen tooke vp, and forthwith
followed vpon the same with such diligence, that by the moneth of
nouember in the 1567.84 the same was couered with slate, & short
on the 23. of Ianuarie, the Queenes Maiestie, attended
with her Nobillitie, came from her house at the Strande called
Sommerset house, and entred the citie, by Temple Bar, through
Fléetestreete, Cheape, and so by the North side of the Burse, to
Sir Thomas Greshams in Bishopsgate streete, where she dined,
after dinner her Maiestie returning through Cornhill entered the
Burse on the southside, and after that shee had viewed euery part
therof aboue the ground, especially the Pawne, which was richlie
furnished with all sortes of the finest wares in the City: she cau
sed the same Burse by an Herralde and a Trompet to bee procla
med the Royall Exchange, and so to bee called from thence forth
and not otherwise.
after this order, vz: certaine houses vpon Cornhill, and the like
vpon the backe thereof, in the warde of Brodestreete, with thrée
Allies, the first called Swan Alley, opening into Cornhill, the se
cond called New Alley, passing throughout of Cornhil into Brod
streete warde, ouer-against S. Bartilmew lane, the thirde called
S. Christophers Alley, opening into Brodestreete warde, and
into S. Christophers Parrish, conteyning in all fourescore house
holdes: were first purchased by the Citizens of London, for more
then 353283.l. and were solde for 478.l. to such persons as shoulde
take them down, and carrie the stuffe from thence, also the ground
or plot was made plaine at the charges of the Citie, and then pos
session thereof was by certaine Aldermen, in name of the whole
Citizens giuen to Sir Thomas Gresham knight, Agent to the
Queenes Highnesse, thereupon to builde a burse, or place, for
Marchantes, to assemble in, at his own proper charges: and hee
on the seuenth of Iune laying the first stone of the foundation, be
ing Bricke, accompanied with some Aldermen, euery of them
laide a peece of gold, which the workemen tooke vp, and forthwith
followed vpon the same with such diligence, that by the moneth of
nouember in the 1567.84 the same was couered with slate, & short
ly
151
ly after
fully finished. In the yere a thousand fiue hundred seauentieon the 23. of Ianuarie, the Queenes Maiestie, attended
with her Nobillitie, came from her house at the Strande called
Sommerset house, and entred the citie, by Temple Bar, through
Fléetestreete, Cheape, and so by the North side of the Burse, to
Sir Thomas Greshams in Bishopsgate streete, where she dined,
after dinner her Maiestie returning through Cornhill entered the
Burse on the southside, and after that shee had viewed euery part
therof aboue the ground, especially the Pawne, which was richlie
furnished with all sortes of the finest wares in the City: she cau
sed the same Burse by an Herralde and a Trompet to bee procla
med the Royall Exchange, and so to bee called from thence forth
and not otherwise.
Next adioyning to this Royall Exchange remaineth one parte
of a large stone house, and is now called the Castle of such a signe,
at a Tauerne dore there is a passage throughout of Cornhill,
into Thrée needle streete, the other parte of the saide stone house
was taken downe, for enlarging the Royall Exchange: this stone
house was saide of some to haue béene a Church (whereof it had
no proportion,) of others a Iewes house (as though none but
Iewes had dwelt in stone houses) but that opinion is without war
rant: for in the first yeare of Richarde the first, to preuent the ca
sualties of fire (which often had hapned in the Citie, when the hou
ses were builded of Timber, and couered with Reede or Straw,
Henry Fitz Alewin being Maior, it was decreed that from thenc
forth no man should build within the Citie, but of stone, vntill a
certaine height, and to couer the same building with slate, or brent
tyle, and this was the verie cause of such stone buildinges, where
of many haue remained till our time: but of late for winning of
ground, they haue béen taken down, & in place of some one of thẽ
being low, as but two stories aboue the ground, many houses of
foure or fiue stories high are placed.
of a large stone house, and is now called the Castle of such a signe,
at a Tauerne dore there is a passage throughout of Cornhill,
into Thrée needle streete, the other parte of the saide stone house
was taken downe, for enlarging the Royall Exchange: this stone
house was saide of some to haue béene a Church (whereof it had
no proportion,) of others a Iewes house (as though none but
Iewes had dwelt in stone houses) but that opinion is without war
rant: for in the first yeare of Richarde the first, to preuent the ca
sualties of fire (which often had hapned in the Citie, when the hou
ses were builded of Timber, and couered with Reede or Straw,
Henry Fitz Alewin being Maior, it was decreed that from thenc
forth no man should build within the Citie, but of stone, vntill a
certaine height, and to couer the same building with slate, or brent
tyle, and this was the verie cause of such stone buildinges, where
of many haue remained till our time: but of late for winning of
ground, they haue béen taken down, & in place of some one of thẽ
being low, as but two stories aboue the ground, many houses of
foure or fiue stories high are placed.
From this stone house down to the Stockes, are
diuers large
houses especially for height, for Marchantes and Artificers.
houses especially for height, for Marchantes and Artificers.
On the south side of this high streete is the parish church of
S.
Peter vpon Cornhill, which seemeth to be of an ancient building:
but yet not so ancient as some reporteth, for it hath béene all late
the roofe of this Church, and glasing was finished in the raigne of
Edwarde the fourth, as appeareth by Armes of Noble men, and
Aldermen of London then liuing, there remaineth in this Church
a table wherein it is written, I know not by what authority, but
of a late hand, that king Lucius founded the same Church, to bee
an Archbishops sea, and made it the Metropolitane, and chiefe
Church of his kingdome, and that it so endured the space of foure
hundred yeares, vnto the comming of Augustine the Monke.
Peter vpon Cornhill, which seemeth to be of an ancient building:
but yet not so ancient as some reporteth, for it hath béene all late
L 4
ly
152
ly repayred,
if not new builded, except the steeple, which is ancient:the roofe of this Church, and glasing was finished in the raigne of
Edwarde the fourth, as appeareth by Armes of Noble men, and
Aldermen of London then liuing, there remaineth in this Church
a table wherein it is written, I know not by what authority, but
of a late hand, that king Lucius founded the same Church, to bee
an Archbishops sea, and made it the Metropolitane, and chiefe
Church of his kingdome, and that it so endured the space of foure
hundred yeares, vnto the comming of Augustine the Monke.
Ioceline of Furneis writeth, that Thean the first
Archbishop
of London, in the raign of Lucius, builded the saide Church by
the aide of Ciran, chiefe Butler to king Lucius, and also that El
uanus the second Archbishop, builded a Library to the same church
adioyning, and conuerted many of the Druides, learned men in
the Pagan law to Christianitie. True it is that a Library there
was pertaining to this Parish Church of old time builded of stone,
and of late repayred with Bricke, by the Executors of Sir Iohn
Crosbie Alderman, as his Armes on the south ende doth witnes.
of London, in the raign of Lucius, builded the saide Church by
the aide of Ciran, chiefe Butler to king Lucius, and also that El
uanus the second Archbishop, builded a Library to the same church
adioyning, and conuerted many of the Druides, learned men in
the Pagan law to Christianitie. True it is that a Library there
was pertaining to this Parish Church of old time builded of stone,
and of late repayred with Bricke, by the Executors of Sir Iohn
Crosbie Alderman, as his Armes on the south ende doth witnes.
This Library hath béene of late time, to wit, within these fifety
yeares well furnished of bookes, Iohn Leyland viewed and com
mended them, but now those bookes be gone, and the place is occu
pied by a Schoolemaister, and his Usher, ouer a number of schol
lers learning their Grammar rules, &c. Notwithstanding before
that time, a Grammar schoole had beene kept in this Parish as
appeareth, in the fiue and twentie of Henry the sixt, it was e
nacted by Parliament, that foure Grammar schooles in Lon
don, shoulde bee maintained, vz. In the parishes of All-hal
lowes, in Thames streete. S. Andrew in Oldboorne, S. Peters
vpon Cornhill, and S. Thomas of Acars. The monumentes of
the dead in this Church be these, of Sir William Bowyer Maior
1543. Sir Henry Huberthorn Maior, 1546. Sir Christopher
Morrice, Maister Gunner of England, to king Henry the eight,
Edward Elrington Esquier, chief Butler to Edward the sixt, and
diuers other that be defaced.
yeares well furnished of bookes, Iohn Leyland viewed and com
mended them, but now those bookes be gone, and the place is occu
pied by a Schoolemaister, and his Usher, ouer a number of schol
lers learning their Grammar rules, &c. Notwithstanding before
that time, a Grammar schoole had beene kept in this Parish as
appeareth, in the fiue and twentie of Henry the sixt, it was e
nacted by Parliament, that foure Grammar schooles in Lon
don, shoulde bee maintained, vz. In the parishes of All-hal
lowes, in Thames streete. S. Andrew in Oldboorne, S. Peters
vpon Cornhill, and S. Thomas of Acars. The monumentes of
the dead in this Church be these, of Sir William Bowyer Maior
1543. Sir Henry Huberthorn Maior, 1546. Sir Christopher
Morrice, Maister Gunner of England, to king Henry the eight,
Edward Elrington Esquier, chief Butler to Edward the sixt, and
diuers other that be defaced.
Then haue yee the parish church of S.
Michael Tharchangel,
which hath beene a fayre and beutifull Parish Church. But
of late yeares greatlie blemished by the building of foure
in place of a gréene churchyarde, whereby the church is greatly
darkened,and otherwise annoyed, the faire new stéeple or bell To
wer was begunne to be new builded in the 1421. which being fi
nished, and a faire ring of fiue belles therein placed. One Russe a
Draper gaue a sixt Bell, which he named Russe after his owne
name, to be nightly rung at eight of the clocke: which bell vsually
rong by one man more then 100. yeares, of late ouer hayled by 4.
or 5.at once, hath beene thrice broken, and therefore not rong as
heretofore. Robert Drope Mayor buried 1485. on the North
side of the Quire, vnder a faire Tombe of Gray marble, gaue to
maides marriaiges 20. pounde, to the poore of that Warde 10.
pound, shirtes and smockes 300. to the poore at his buriall 16.
pound, gownes of brodecloth to the poore 100. to prisons, Hospi
tals and Lazare houses liberally: hee also gaue his house in Corn
hill to be sold, and the price thereof to be spent on the amendment
of high wayes: Iohane his wife afterwardes Uice Countesse Li
sle was also buried there by her first husband, 1500. She gaue
fourescore and tenne pounds in money, to the beautifying of that
church, notwithstanding the Tombe of them both is pulled down
and no monument remayneth of them. Peter Houghton late Al
derman is now buried in their vault 1596. Iohn Grace Draper
was buried 1439. Robert Fabian Alderman, that wrote and
published a Chronicle of England and of Fraunce, 1511. lyeth
there with this Epitaph.
which hath beene a fayre and beutifull Parish Church. But
of late yeares greatlie blemished by the building of foure
Tenemente
153
Tenementes
on the North side thereof towardes the streete,in place of a gréene churchyarde, whereby the church is greatly
darkened,and otherwise annoyed, the faire new stéeple or bell To
wer was begunne to be new builded in the 1421. which being fi
nished, and a faire ring of fiue belles therein placed. One Russe a
Draper gaue a sixt Bell, which he named Russe after his owne
name, to be nightly rung at eight of the clocke: which bell vsually
rong by one man more then 100. yeares, of late ouer hayled by 4.
or 5.at once, hath beene thrice broken, and therefore not rong as
heretofore. Robert Drope Mayor buried 1485. on the North
side of the Quire, vnder a faire Tombe of Gray marble, gaue to
maides marriaiges 20. pounde, to the poore of that Warde 10.
pound, shirtes and smockes 300. to the poore at his buriall 16.
pound, gownes of brodecloth to the poore 100. to prisons, Hospi
tals and Lazare houses liberally: hee also gaue his house in Corn
hill to be sold, and the price thereof to be spent on the amendment
of high wayes: Iohane his wife afterwardes Uice Countesse Li
sle was also buried there by her first husband, 1500. She gaue
fourescore and tenne pounds in money, to the beautifying of that
church, notwithstanding the Tombe of them both is pulled down
and no monument remayneth of them. Peter Houghton late Al
derman is now buried in their vault 1596. Iohn Grace Draper
was buried 1439. Robert Fabian Alderman, that wrote and
published a Chronicle of England and of Fraunce, 1511. lyeth
there with this Epitaph.
Like as the day his course doth consume,
And the new morrow springeth againe as fast,
So man and woman by natures custome,
This life to passe, at last in earth are cast,
Neuer in one state, but in course transitorie,
So full of change is of this world the glory.
His Monument is gone. Elizabeth Peak widow gaue ye
Patro
nage or gift of the benefice to the Drapers, and lyeth buried in the
belfrey 1518. Richard Garneham 1527. Edmond Trindel
and Robert Smith my Godfathers, William Dickson and Mar
garet his wife my Godmother did lie in the cloyster vnder a faire
to Iohn Willowby Parson of that Church , to Thomas Lodge,
G. Hinde, P. Bolde Churchwardens, and to their successors to
wardes the reparations of that Church and the reliefe of the poore
for euer, his tenement with the appurtenances in the parish of S.
Michael which he had lately purchased, of Aluery Randolph of
Badlesmeer in Kent: but the parish neuer had the gift (nor heard
thereof by the space of 40. yeares after) such was the conscience
of the executors to conceale it to themselues, and such is the negli
gence of the parishioners (that being informed thereof) make no
claime thereunto. Philip Gonter that was Alderman for a time,
and gaue 400. pound to be discharged thereof, was buried in the
cloyster about the yeare 1482. and Anne his wife &c.
nage or gift of the benefice to the Drapers, and lyeth buried in the
belfrey 1518. Richard Garneham 1527. Edmond Trindel
and Robert Smith my Godfathers, William Dickson and Mar
garet his wife my Godmother did lie in the cloyster vnder a faire
L5
Tombe
154
Tombe, now
defaced. Thomas Stow and Thomas Stow myIohn Tolus
his gift.
grandfather and father:
Iohn Tolus
Alderman 1548. he
gauehis gift.
to Iohn Willowby Parson of that Church , to Thomas Lodge,
G. Hinde, P. Bolde Churchwardens, and to their successors to
wardes the reparations of that Church and the reliefe of the poore
for euer, his tenement with the appurtenances in the parish of S.
Michael which he had lately purchased, of Aluery Randolph of
Badlesmeer in Kent: but the parish neuer had the gift (nor heard
thereof by the space of 40. yeares after) such was the conscience
of the executors to conceale it to themselues, and such is the negli
gence of the parishioners (that being informed thereof) make no
claime thereunto. Philip Gonter that was Alderman for a time,
and gaue 400. pound to be discharged thereof, was buried in the
cloyster about the yeare 1482. and Anne his wife &c.
This parish church hath on the south side thereof a proper cloi
ster, and a fayre church yarde, with a pulpet crosse, not much vn
like to that in Paules Churchyarde. Sir Iohn Hudstone May
or, caused the same in his life time to be builded, and hee deceased,
1531. and was buried in a vawlt vnder the said pulpet crosse,he
appointed lands for sermons to be preached there, but that is gone,
and his Tombe of marble, before the pulpet is taken away, a
mongst others, namely of Doctor Yaxly one of the Phisitions to
King Henry the eight that was buried there with his wife, vnder
a Tombe of marble.
ster, and a fayre church yarde, with a pulpet crosse, not much vn
like to that in Paules Churchyarde. Sir Iohn Hudstone May
or, caused the same in his life time to be builded, and hee deceased,
1531. and was buried in a vawlt vnder the said pulpet crosse,he
appointed lands for sermons to be preached there, but that is gone,
and his Tombe of marble, before the pulpet is taken away, a
mongst others, namely of Doctor Yaxly one of the Phisitions to
King Henry the eight that was buried there with his wife, vnder
a Tombe of marble.
Then haue ye Burcheouers lane, so
called of Birchouer, the
first builder and owner thereof, now corruptly called Birchen
lane, the North halfe whereof is of the said Cornehill warde, the
other part is of Langborne ward.
first builder and owner thereof, now corruptly called Birchen
lane, the North halfe whereof is of the said Cornehill warde, the
other part is of Langborne ward.
This lane and the high streete neare adioyning hath beene in
habited for the most parte with wealthy Drapers from Bircho
uers lane on that side the stéete downe to the Stockes: in the
raigne of Henry the sixt, had ye for the most parte dwelling Frip
perers or Upholders, that solde olde apparell and housholde
stuffe.
habited for the most parte with wealthy Drapers from Bircho
uers lane on that side the stéete downe to the Stockes: in the
raigne of Henry the sixt, had ye for the most parte dwelling Frip
perers or Upholders, that solde olde apparell and housholde
stuffe.
I haue read of a countrey man, that then hauing lost his hoode
in Westminster Hall, founde the same in Cornehill hanged out
tobe solde, which he challenged, but was forced to buy, or go
this time also the Wine drawer of the Popes heade Tauerne
(standing without the dore in the high stréete) tooke the same man
by the sléeue, and saide, sir will you drinke a pint of wine:
unto be aunswered, a penny spende I may, and so drunke his
pint, for bread nothing did he pay.
in Westminster Hall, founde the same in Cornehill hanged out
tobe solde, which he challenged, but was forced to buy, or go
with
155
without it,
for their stall (they said) was their market.
About
this time also the Wine drawer of the Popes heade Tauerne
(standing without the dore in the high stréete) tooke the same man
by the sléeue, and saide, sir will you drinke a pint of wine:
Wine one
pint for a pen
nie, & bread
to drinke it
was giuẽ free
in euery
Tauerne.
wherepint for a pen
nie, & bread
to drinke it
was giuẽ free
in euery
Tauerne.
unto be aunswered, a penny spende I may, and so drunke his
pint, for bread nothing did he pay.
This Popes head Tauerne, with other houses
adioyning,
strongly builded of stone, hath of olde time béene all in one, per
tayning to some great estate, or rather to the King of this realme,
as may bee supposed both by the largenesse thereof, and by the
armes, to wit, thrée Lyons passant, which was the whole armes
of England,before the raigne of Edward the third, that quartered
them with the Armes of Fraunce, thrée Flower de Luces.
strongly builded of stone, hath of olde time béene all in one, per
tayning to some great estate, or rather to the King of this realme,
as may bee supposed both by the largenesse thereof, and by the
armes, to wit, thrée Lyons passant, which was the whole armes
of England,before the raigne of Edward the third, that quartered
them with the Armes of Fraunce, thrée Flower de Luces.
These Armes of England supported betwéene two Angels, are
high stréet, ouer the dore or stawle of one great house, lately for
many years possessed by M. Philip Guntar, the Popes head Ta
uerne is on the backe part thereof, towards the south, as also one
other house called the stone house in Lombard stréete.
Arms of
Eng
land suppor
ted by Angels.
fayre
and largely grauen in stone on the fore front towardes theland suppor
ted by Angels.
high stréet, ouer the dore or stawle of one great house, lately for
many years possessed by M. Philip Guntar, the Popes head Ta
uerne is on the backe part thereof, towards the south, as also one
other house called the stone house in Lombard stréete.
Others say, this was king Iohns house, which might so be, for
I find in a written copie of Mathew Paris his historie, that in the
yeare 1232. Henry the third sent Hubert de Burgho Earle of
Kent, to Cornehill in London, there to answere all matters ob
iected against him, where he wisely acquited himselfe. The Popes
heade Tauerne hath a foote way through, from Cornehill into
Lombard stréet. And downe lower on the high stréete of Cornhill
is there one other way through by the Cardinals Hat Tauerne,
into Lombard stréete. And so let this suffice for Cornehill warde.
I find in a written copie of Mathew Paris his historie, that in the
yeare 1232. Henry the third sent Hubert de Burgho Earle of
Kent, to Cornehill in London, there to answere all matters ob
iected against him, where he wisely acquited himselfe. The Popes
heade Tauerne hath a foote way through, from Cornehill into
Lombard stréet. And downe lower on the high stréete of Cornhill
is there one other way through by the Cardinals Hat Tauerne,
into Lombard stréete. And so let this suffice for Cornehill warde.
In which be Gouernors an Alderman, his Deputie, Com
mon Counsellors foure, Constables foure, Scauin
gers foure, Wardemote inquest 16. and a
Beadle: it is charged to the fif
téene, at xvj.pound.
mon Counsellors foure, Constables foure, Scauin
gers foure, Wardemote inquest 16. and a
Beadle: it is charged to the fif
téene, at xvj.pound.
Langborne
156
Langborne warde, and Fennie
about
Langborne warde, and Fennie about.
LAngborne warde
ning south, and breaking it selfe into many small shares, rilles or streames, it left the name of Share borne lane, or south borne lane (as I haue read) because it ranne south to the riuer of Thames. This Warde beginneth at the West end of Aldegate warde, in Fenne church stréet, by the Ironmongers hall, which is on the North side of that stréete, at a place called Culuer alley,
nis court, &c.
Langborne warde, and sennie
about.
is so called of a long borne of swéete water, which of old time
breaking out into Fenchurch streete, ran downe the
same streete and Lombard street, to the West ende of
S. Mary Woolnothes Church, where turning south, and breaking it selfe into many small shares, rilles or streames, it left the name of Share borne lane, or south borne lane (as I haue read) because it ranne south to the riuer of Thames. This Warde beginneth at the West end of Aldegate warde, in Fenne church stréet, by the Ironmongers hall, which is on the North side of that stréete, at a place called Culuer alley,
Culuer
alley. Lane stopped vppe.
where sometime was a lane, through
the which men went into Limestréete, but that being
long since stopped vp for suspition of theeues, that lurked there by night (as is
shewed in Limestreet warde) there is now this said
alley a tennis court, &c.
Fenne Church street tooke that name of
a Fennie or Moorish ground so made by means of this borne which passed through it,
& therefore vntill this day in the Guildehall of
this citie, that ward is called by the name of Langborne, and fennie about and not other
wise: yet others be of opinion that it tooke that name of Fænum, that is hey solde there, as Grasse street tooke the name of Grasse or herbes there sold.
wise: yet others be of opinion that it tooke that name of Fænum, that is hey solde there, as Grasse street tooke the name of Grasse or herbes there sold.
In the midst of this streete standeth a small parish church cal
led S. Gabriel Fen church, corruptly Fan church.
led S. Gabriel Fen church, corruptly Fan church.
Helming Legget Esquire, by licence of Edward the third, in the
49. of his raigne, gaue
one Tenement, with a curtilarge thereto belonging, and a garden with the entrie
thereto leading, vnto Sir Iohn Hariot parson of Fenchurch, and to his successors for euer, the house to bee a Parsonage
house, the garden to bee a churchyard, or burying place for the parish.
Parish church of S. Mary
& S. Gabriel.
Then haue ye Lombard streete,
so
called of the Longobards, and other merchantes, straungers
of diuers nations assembling
there
157
there twise
euery day, which manner continued vntill the 22. of December in the yeare
1568. on which day the saide marchantes beganne their meeting in Cornehill at the Burse,
since by her Maiestie named the Royall Exchange.
On the North side of this Warde is Limestreet,
one halfe whereof is of this
warde, and therein on the west side is the Pew
terers hall, who were admitted to be a brotherhood, in the 13. of Edward the fourth.
terers hall, who were admitted to be a brotherhood, in the 13. of Edward the fourth.
At Limestreet corner is a faire parish Church of S. Dionys cal
led Back church, lately new builded: Iohn Darby Alderman a
bout the yeare 1446. added therevnto a faire Ile or Chappell on the south side and was there buried: about the yere 1466. he gaue (besides sundry ornaments) his dwelling house, & others, vnto the said parish Church,
or 1557. Iames Haruie Ironmonger Mayor 1581. William Peterson Esquire, William Sherington: Sir Edward Osborne Clothworker Mayor 1583. buried there.
led Back church, lately new builded: Iohn Darby Alderman a
bout the yeare 1446. added therevnto a faire Ile or Chappell on the south side and was there buried: about the yere 1466. he gaue (besides sundry ornaments) his dwelling house, & others, vnto the said parish Church,
Parish church of S. Diones.
Iohn Master gent. was by his children buried there 1444:
Thomas Bryttaine, Robert Paget merchantaylor, one of the Sherifs 1536.
Hugh Witch Mayor 1462. & the Ladie Witch: Sir
Thomas Curteis Pewterer, then Fishmonger Mayor 1557. Iames Haruie Ironmonger Mayor 1581. William Peterson Esquire, William Sherington: Sir Edward Osborne Clothworker Mayor 1583. buried there.
Then in Lombardstreet is one faire parish church,
called Al
hallowes Grasse Church in Lombardstreet, I so reade it in e
uidences of record, for that the Grasse market went downe that way, and was there kept, but the street was far larger in breadth. This Church was lately new builded. Iohn Warner armorer and then Grocer Sheriffe 1494. builded the South Ile, his sonne Robert Warner Esquire finished it the yeare 1516.
terers were benefactors towards the North ile &c. The steeple or bell Tower thereof was finished in the yeare 1544. about the thirty and sixt of Henry the eight. The faire stone porch of this church was brought from the late dissolued Priorie of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, by Smithfielde, so was the frame for their belles, but the belles being bought, were neuer brought thether, by reason that one olde Warner Draper, of that parish deceasing, his sonne young Marke Warner would not performe what his father had begunne, and appointed, so that faire steeple hath but one bell, as Friers were wont to vse. The monuments in this church be these,
hallowes Grasse Church in Lombardstreet, I so reade it in e
uidences of record, for that the Grasse market went downe that way, and was there kept, but the street was far larger in breadth. This Church was lately new builded. Iohn Warner armorer and then Grocer Sheriffe 1494. builded the South Ile, his sonne Robert Warner Esquire finished it the yeare 1516.
L. Trinitate.
The Pewterers were benefactors towards the North ile &c. The steeple or bell Tower thereof was finished in the yeare 1544. about the thirty and sixt of Henry the eight. The faire stone porch of this church was brought from the late dissolued Priorie of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, by Smithfielde, so was the frame for their belles, but the belles being bought, were neuer brought thether, by reason that one olde Warner Draper, of that parish deceasing, his sonne young Marke Warner would not performe what his father had begunne, and appointed, so that faire steeple hath but one bell, as Friers were wont to vse. The monuments in this church be these,
the
158
the said
Warners and Iohn Waldon Draper.
Next to this is the parish church of S.
Edmond
the
King and Martir in Lombard stréet, by the south
corner of Birchouers lane.
This church is also called S. Edmond Grasse
church, because the said Grasse market came
downe so low. The monuments in this church are these: Sir Iohn Milborne
Draper Mayor decea
sed, 1535. buried there by Dame Ioane, & Dame Margaret his wiues, vnder a tombe of touch. Humfrey Heyford, Goldsmith Mayor, 1477. Sir William Chester Draper, Mayor, 1560. with his wiues amongst his predecessors. Sir George Barne Mayor, 1586. &c.
sed, 1535. buried there by Dame Ioane, & Dame Margaret his wiues, vnder a tombe of touch. Humfrey Heyford, Goldsmith Mayor, 1477. Sir William Chester Draper, Mayor, 1560. with his wiues amongst his predecessors. Sir George Barne Mayor, 1586. &c.
From this church downe Lombards streete, by Birchouers lane (the one halfe of which lane is of
this warde) and so downe, be diuers faire houses, namely one with a very faire
forefront to
wards the stréete, builded by S. Martin Bowes Goldsmith, since Mayor of London, and then one other, sometime belonging to William de la Pole the kings merchant in the 14. of Edwarde the third, and after him to Michæl de la Pole Earle of Suffolke, in the 14. of Richard the second, and so downe toward the stocks market, lacking but some thrée houses thereof.
wards the stréete, builded by S. Martin Bowes Goldsmith, since Mayor of London, and then one other, sometime belonging to William de la Pole the kings merchant in the 14. of Edwarde the third, and after him to Michæl de la Pole Earle of Suffolke, in the 14. of Richard the second, and so downe toward the stocks market, lacking but some thrée houses thereof.
The south side of this Warde, beginneth in the East, at the chaine to be drawne
thwart Mart lane, vp into Fen church stréet, and so West, by the North end of Minchen lane to S.
Margarets Pattens stréet, or Roode
lane, and downe that stréet to the midway toward S. Margarets church: then by Philpot lane,
(so called of Sir Iohn
Philpot that dwelled there, & was owner therof) and downe that lane
some sixe or eight houses on each side, is all of this warde.
Then by Grasse church corner into Lombard street to S.
Cle
ments lane, and downe the same to S. Clements church: then downe S. Nicholas lane, and downe the same to Saint Nicholas church, and the same church is of this ward. Then to Abchurch lane and downe some smal portion thereof: then downe Sherborne lane, a part thereof, and a parte of Bearebinder lane bee of this warde: and then downe Lombardstreet to the signe of the angell almost to the corner ouer against the Stockes market: and these be the bounds of this warde.
ments lane, and downe the same to S. Clements church: then downe S. Nicholas lane, and downe the same to Saint Nicholas church, and the same church is of this ward. Then to Abchurch lane and downe some smal portion thereof: then downe Sherborne lane, a part thereof, and a parte of Bearebinder lane bee of this warde: and then downe Lombardstreet to the signe of the angell almost to the corner ouer against the Stockes market: and these be the bounds of this warde.
On
159
On this
south side haue ye the parish church of
Alhallowes, commonly called Stane church, somwhat within Mart lane end, by the which church sometime passed a lane called Cradocks lane, from Mart lane, winding by the north side of Alhallows Stane church afore said, into Fen church stréet, the which lane being straitned by incrochments, is now called church alley. In this church there haue beene diuers faire monuments of the dead, namely of Iohn Costin Girdler, a great benefactor to that church: hee deceased 1244. his name remaineth painted on the church roofe, if it had béene in brasse it would not haue remained there so long: he gaue out of certaine tenementes to the poore of that parish an hundred quarters of charcoles yearely for euer. Sir Robert Tesle knight of the holy sepulcher, and Dame Ioane his wife, about 1486. Robert Stone, Sir Iohn Steward, and Dame Alice his wife, Alice William and Iohn, wife and sonnes to Thomas Clarell, Agnes daughter to Thomas Niter Eent. William Atwell, Fe
lix daughter to Sir Thomas Gisers, and wife to Trauers, Tho
mas Mason Esquire, Edmond Wartar Esquire, Ioane wife to Iohn Chamberlaine Esquire, daughter to Roger Lewkner Esquire, William Frier, Iohn Hamburger Esquire, Hugh Moresby,Gilbert Prince Alderman, Oliuer Chorley gentle
man, Sir Iohn Writh (or Writhesley) alias Garter, principall King at Armes, sometime laid vnder a faire tombe in the quire, now broken downe and gone. Ioane wife to Thomas Writhe
sley, sonne to Sir Iohn Writhesley, Gartar, daughter and heire to William Hall Esquire, Iohn Writhesley the yonger, sonne to Sir Iohn Writhesley and Alienor, Elianor seconde wife to Iohn Writhesley, daughter and heire to Thomas Arnalde, and Agnes his second wife, Iohn Writhesley sonne of Thomas, Ag
nes Arnold, first maried to William Writhesley daughter of Ri
chard Warmeforde, Barbara Hungerford, daughter to Sir Iohn Writhesley, wife to Anthonie Hungerford, sonne to Sir Thomas Hungerford of Dennam86pney in the countie of Glo
cester: Iohn Bostoke Esquire, Christopher Holt,, Sir Richard Tate knight ambassadour for King Henry the eight, buried there 1554. his monument remaineth yet, therest being all pulled downe, and swept out of the church, where through the Church Warden was forced to make a large accompt xij.s̃ yeare
spent
160
spent in
broomes, besides the cariage away of stone and brasse at his owne charge. Then is
the parish church of S. Nicholas Acon or
Hacon,
Parish church of S. Nicholas Hacon.
(for
so haue I read it in recordes) in Lombarde stréete.
Sir Iohn Bridges Draper Mayor 1520. newly repayred
this church and imbattailed it, and was there buried: Frances Boyer Grocer one of the Sheriffes was buried there, 1580. with o
ther of the Boyers. So was Iulian, wife to Iohn Lambard Al
derman mother of William Lamberd, yet liuing. Then is there in the high street a proper parish church of S. Mary Woolnoth,
Parish church of S. Mary
Wolnoth.
of the natiuitie, the reason of which name I haue not
yet learned: this church is lately new builded. Sir Hugh Brise Mayor in
the first yeare of Henry
the seuenth kéeper of the kings exchange at London, and one of
the gouernors of the kings mint in the Tower of London, vnder William L. Hastings, the 5. of Edward the fourth deceased 1496. he builded in this church a chappell, called the charnel, as also part of the bodie of the church and of the stéeple, and gaue money toward the finishing thereof, besides the stone which he had prepared: hee was buried in the body of the church, Guy Brice or Boys was buried there, Dame Ioan wife to Sir William Peach, Hugh Acton Taylor, Thomas Nocket Dra
per 1396. Simon Eyre 1459. Iohn Meager Pewterer, & Emme his wife in S. Iohns chappel, Sir Iohn Pierciuall Marchant tay
lor Mayor, about 1504. Thomas Roch and Andrew Michæl Uinteners, & Ioan their wife: William Hilton Marchantaylor, & Taylor to K. Henry the eight, was buried there 1519. vnder the chappell of S. George, which chappell was builded by George Lufken sometime Taylor to the Prince, Robert Amades Gold
smith mayster of the kings iewels: Sir Martin Bowes Mayor buried about 1569. he gaue lands for the discharge of that Lang
borne ward of all fiftéenes to be granted to the King by Parlia
ment: George Hasken, Sir Thomas Ramsey late Mayor, &c. Thus haue ye seuen parish churches in this ward. One hall of a companie, diuiers faire houses for marchants, and other monu
ments none. It hath an Alderman his deputie, common Counsel
lors 8. Constables 15. Scauengers 9. men of the Wardemote inquest 17. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene in London at xxj.pound. In the Exchecquer at xx.£.x.s̃.
Bellinsgate
161
Langborne warde, and Fennie
about.
Billinsgate warde,
beginneth at the west ende of Towerstreete warde, in
Thames streete, about Smartes Key, and runneth downe along that streete on the south side, to
S. Magnus church at the Bridge foote, and on the north side of the same
Thames steeete, from ouer against Smarts Key till ouer against the North west Corner of
S. Magnus Church aforesaide: on this
North side of Thames streete, is S. Marie hill lane, vp to S. Margarets Church, and then parte of S. Margarets Pattens
streete,
at the end of S. Mary hil lane: Next out
of Thames streete is Lucas
lane, and then Buttolph lane, and at the
northend thereof Philpot lane, then is Rothar lane,
of olde time so called, and thwart the same lane is little
East
cheape, and these be the bounds of this Billinsgate warde. Touch
ing the principall ornamentes within this warde. On the south
side of Thames streete, beginning at the East end thereof, there is first the saide Smartes key, so called of one Smart sometime owner thereof, the next is Billinsgate, whereof the whole ward taketh name, the which (leauing out the fable, thereof faigning it to be builded by king Beline a Briton, long before the incarna
tion of Christ) is at this present a large Water gate, Porte or Harbrough for ships and Boates, commonly ariuing there with fish both fresh and salt, shell fishes, salt, Orenges, Onions, and o
ther Fruits and Rootes, Wheat, Rie, and Graine of diuers sorts, for seruice of the Citie, and the partes of this Realme adioyning. This Gate is now more frequented then of olde time, when the Queenes Hith was more vsed as being appointed by the kinges of this Realm, to be the special or onely porte for taking vp of al such kinde of marchandizes brought to this citie by strangers & For
renners, and the draw bridge of Timber at London bridge was then to bée raised or drawne vp for passage of shippes with toppes thether. Touching the auncient customes of this Bi87llinsgate,
warde the thirde, euery great ship landing there, paide for stran
cheape, and these be the bounds of this Billinsgate warde. Touch
ing the principall ornamentes within this warde. On the south
side of Thames streete, beginning at the East end thereof, there is first the saide Smartes key, so called of one Smart sometime owner thereof, the next is Billinsgate, whereof the whole ward taketh name, the which (leauing out the fable, thereof faigning it to be builded by king Beline a Briton, long before the incarna
tion of Christ) is at this present a large Water gate, Porte or Harbrough for ships and Boates, commonly ariuing there with fish both fresh and salt, shell fishes, salt, Orenges, Onions, and o
ther Fruits and Rootes, Wheat, Rie, and Graine of diuers sorts, for seruice of the Citie, and the partes of this Realme adioyning. This Gate is now more frequented then of olde time, when the Queenes Hith was more vsed as being appointed by the kinges of this Realm, to be the special or onely porte for taking vp of al such kinde of marchandizes brought to this citie by strangers & For
renners, and the draw bridge of Timber at London bridge was then to bée raised or drawne vp for passage of shippes with toppes thether. Touching the auncient customes of this Bi87llinsgate,
Customes of Billinsgate.
I haue not read in anyrecorde, more then that in
the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, euery great ship landing there, paide for stran
dage
M
162
two pence,
euery little ship, with Orelockes a penny, the lesser boate called a Battle, a
halfepenny: of two quarters of corn measured the king was to haue one Farthing of
a Combe, of Corne a pennie, of euerie weight going out of the City a halfepenny,
of two quarters of sea coale measured a farthing, and of euery Tunne of Ale going
out of England beyond the seas, by Marchant strangers foure pence, of
euery thousand Herring, a farthing, except the Franchises &c.
The next to this is Somars key,
which
likewise tooke that name of one Somar dwelling there, as did Lion key of one Lyon owner
thereof, and since of the signe of a Lyon.
Then is there a fayre Wharfe or Key, called Buttolphes gate by that name so called in the times of
VVilliam the Conqueror, and of Edwarde the Confessor, as I
haue shewed alreadie in the description of the Gates.
Next is the parish church of S. Buttolph,
monger, and VVilliam his Father, the saide Iohn Rainwel was Maior 1426. and deceasing 1445. was buried there with this Epitaphe.
Parish church of S.
Buttolph,
a proper Church, & hath had many fayre monumentes
therein, now defaced and cleane gone: notwithstanding I find by Testimonies
abroad, that these which follow were buried there, to wit, Roger Coggar,
1384. Andrew Pikeman, and Ioan his wife, 1391.
Nicholas Iames Ironmonger one of the Sheriffes, 1423.
Iohn Raynewel Fishmonger, and VVilliam his Father, the saide Iohn Rainwel was Maior 1426. and deceasing 1445. was buried there with this Epitaphe.
Citizens of London, call to your remembrance,
The famous Iohn Rainewel, sometime your Maior,
Of the Staple of Callis, so was his chance.
Here lieth now his Corps, his soule bright and fayre,
Is taken to heauens blisse, thereof is no dispaire.
His actes beare witnes, by matters of recorde,
How charitable he was, and of what accorde,
No man hath beene so beneficial as hee,
Vnto the Citie, in giuing liberalitie,&c.
Hee gaue a stone house, to bee a Reuestrie to that Church for euer: more, hee gaue
landes, and Tenementes to the vse of the
gate, Downegate, and Aldegate, as often as it shall happen any fifeteene, by Parliament of the king to bee granted, also to the Exchequer in discharge of the Sheriffes tenne pounde yearely, which the Sheriffes vsed to pay for the Fearme of Southwarke, so that all men of the Realme, comming or passing with carriage should be free quitted and discharged of all Tole and other pay
mentes, afore time clamed by the Sheriffes: Further that the Maior and Chamberlaine, shall pay yearely to the Sheriffes, eight pound, so that the saide Sheriffes take no manner Tole or money, of any person of this Realme, for their goods, Marchandi
zes, victuailes, and carriages, for their passages at the great gate of the bridge of the citie, nor at the gate called the draw bridge &c. The ouerplus of money comming of the saide Landes and Tene
mentes, deuided into euen portions, the one parte to bee imploy
led to instore the Grayners of the Cittie, with wheate for the re
leefe of the poore Comminaltie, and the other Moity to cleare and clense the shelues, and other stoppages of the riuer of Thames &c.
Comminaltie
163
Comminaltie, that the Maior and Chamberlaine should satisfie vnto the discharge of
all persons, inhabiting the wardes of Belinsgate, Downegate, and Aldegate, as often as it shall happen any fifeteene, by Parliament of the king to bee granted, also to the Exchequer in discharge of the Sheriffes tenne pounde yearely, which the Sheriffes vsed to pay for the Fearme of Southwarke, so that all men of the Realme, comming or passing with carriage should be free quitted and discharged of all Tole and other pay
mentes, afore time clamed by the Sheriffes: Further that the Maior and Chamberlaine, shall pay yearely to the Sheriffes, eight pound, so that the saide Sheriffes take no manner Tole or money, of any person of this Realme, for their goods, Marchandi
zes, victuailes, and carriages, for their passages at the great gate of the bridge of the citie, nor at the gate called the draw bridge &c. The ouerplus of money comming of the saide Landes and Tene
mentes, deuided into euen portions, the one parte to bee imploy
led to instore the Grayners of the Cittie, with wheate for the re
leefe of the poore Comminaltie, and the other Moity to cleare and clense the shelues, and other stoppages of the riuer of Thames &c.
Stephen Forstar Fishmonger, Maior in the yeare, 1454. and Dame
Agnes his wife, lie buried there: VVilliam Bacon Ha
berdasher, one of the Sheriffes 1480. was there buried, besides many other persons of good worship, whose monumentes are all destroyed by greedy men of spoile.
berdasher, one of the Sheriffes 1480. was there buried, besides many other persons of good worship, whose monumentes are all destroyed by greedy men of spoile.
This parish of S. Buttolph is no great
thing, notwithstan
ding diuers strangers are there harbored as may appeare by a presentment, not many yeres since made of strangers
ding diuers strangers are there harbored as may appeare by a presentment, not many yeres since made of strangers
The number of strangers.
inhabitants in the warde of Billinsgate in these
wordes. In Billinsgate ward were one and fifty
householdes of strangers, whereof thirty of these househouldes inhabited in the
parrish of S. Buttolph in the chiefe and
principall houses where they giue twenty pound the yeare for a house lately
letten, for foure marks, the nearer they dwell to the waterside, the more they
giue for houses, and within thirty yeares before there was not in the whole warde
aboue thrée Netherlanders, at which time there was within the saide parish leauied
for the helpe of the poore, seauen and twentie pounde, by the yeare, but since
they came so plentifully thether, there cannot
be
M2
164
be gathered
aboue eleuen pound, for they will not contribute to such charges as other Citizens
doe. Thus much for that south side of this warde.
On the north side is Bosse Alley,
ard VVhitington.
Bosses alley and the Bosse of Billinsgate.
so called of a Bosse
of spring water continually running, which standeth by Billinsgate, against this Alley, and was sometimes made by the Executors
of Richard VVhitington.
Then is S. Mary hill lane,
which
runneth vp North from Billinsgate, to the end of
S. Margaret Pattens, commonly cal
led Roode lane, and the greatest halfe of that lane is also of Billins
gate warde. In this S. Marie hil
gate.
led Roode lane, and the greatest halfe of that lane is also of Billins
gate warde. In this S. Marie hil
Parish church of S.
Mary hil.
lane is the fayre parish church of S. Marie called on the hill, bycause of the ascent
from Billinsgate.
This church hath been lately builded, as may appeare by this that followeth.
Richarde Hackney one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1322.
and Alice his wife were there buried, as Robert Fabian writeth,
saying thus. In the yeare 1497. in the moneth of Aprill, as laborers digged
for the foundation of a walle, with
in the Church of S. Marie hil neare vnto Billinsgate, they found a Coffin of rotten Timber, and therein the Corps of a woman, whole ofskin, and of bones vndeseuered, and the iointes of her armes pliable, without breaking of the skinne, vpon whose sepul
chre this was engrauen. Here lyen the bodies of Richarde Hackney and Allice
monger was buried there, 1387. Nicholas Exton Fishmonger Maior, 1387. VVilliam Cambridge Maior, 1420 William Phillip Sergeant at Armes, 1473. Robert Reuell one of the Sheriffes 1490. gaue liberally towarde the new building of this Church, and steeple, and was there buried, William Remington Maior, 1500. Sir Thomas Blanke Maior, 1582. VVilliam Holstocke Esquier, Controller of the kinges ships. Sir Cut
berte Buckle Maior, 1594.
in the Church of S. Marie hil neare vnto Billinsgate, they found a Coffin of rotten Timber, and therein the Corps of a woman, whole ofskin, and of bones vndeseuered, and the iointes of her armes pliable, without breaking of the skinne, vpon whose sepul
chre this was engrauen. Here lyen the bodies of Richarde Hackney and Allice
Alice Hackney found vncor
rupted more then 170. yeres after shee was buried.
his wife, the which Richard was Sheriffe in the fifteenth of Edwarde
the second, her bodie was kept aboue ground, three or foure dayes
without noysance, but then it waxed vnsauorie: and so was again buried. Iohn
Mordan stocke-Fishrupted more then 170. yeres after shee was buried.
monger was buried there, 1387. Nicholas Exton Fishmonger Maior, 1387. VVilliam Cambridge Maior, 1420 William Phillip Sergeant at Armes, 1473. Robert Reuell one of the Sheriffes 1490. gaue liberally towarde the new building of this Church, and steeple, and was there buried, William Remington Maior, 1500. Sir Thomas Blanke Maior, 1582. VVilliam Holstocke Esquier, Controller of the kinges ships. Sir Cut
berte Buckle Maior, 1594.
This lane on both sides is furnished with many fayre houses for
Marchantes and hath at the North end thereof, one other
gaine newly builded, during which time the oblations made to this Roode, were imployed towardes building of the church: but in the yere 1538. about the 23. of May in the morning, the saide Roode was found to haue been in the night proceeding (by people vnknown), broken all to péeces, together with the Tabernacle, wherein it had béene placed. Also on the 27, of the same moneth, in same parrish amongst the Basketmakers, a great and sudden fire happened in the night season, which within the space of thrée howers consumed more then a dozen houses, & nine persons were brent to death there, and thus ceased that worke of this Church, being at that time nigh finished to the steeple.
lane
165
lane called
S. Margaret Pattens, because of olde
time Pattens were there vsually made and solde: but of later time, this is called
Roode lane, of a Roode there placed, in the
Church yarde of Saint Margaret,
whilest the olde Church was taken downe, and againe newly builded, during which time the oblations made to this Roode, were imployed towardes building of the church: but in the yere 1538. about the 23. of May in the morning, the saide Roode was found to haue been in the night proceeding (by people vnknown), broken all to péeces, together with the Tabernacle, wherein it had béene placed. Also on the 27, of the same moneth, in same parrish amongst the Basketmakers, a great and sudden fire happened in the night season, which within the space of thrée howers consumed more then a dozen houses, & nine persons were brent to death there, and thus ceased that worke of this Church, being at that time nigh finished to the steeple.
The lane on both sides beyond the same church to the mid
way towardes Fenchurch streete is of Billinsga te warde.
way towardes Fenchurch streete is of Billinsga te warde.
Then againe out of Thames streete, by the west ende
of S. Mary hill Church, runneth vp one
other lane of olde time called Roape lane,
Rope lane or Lucas lane.
since called Lucas Lane, of one Lucas owner of some part
thereof, and now corruptly called Loue lane, it
runneth vp by the East end of a parish Church of Saint
Andrew Hubbert, or Saint Andrew
in East Cheape: This Church and all the whole Lane called Lucas Lane is of this Billinsegate warde.
Then haue yee one other lane out of Thames streete,
cal
led Buttolph lane, because it riseth ouer against the Parrish Church
led Buttolph lane, because it riseth ouer against the Parrish Church
Parish church of S. Andrew
Hubbert.
of S. Buttolph, and runneth vp North by
the East end of S. Georges Church, to the
West ende of S. Androwes Church and to the
south ende of Philpot lane.
This Parrish Church of Saint George in Buttolph lane,
is smal, but the Monumentes for two hundred yeares past are well
preserued, from spoile whereof, one is of Adam Bamme Maior, one thousand
three hundred ninetie seauen, Richarde Bamme Esquier, his sonne
of Gillingham in Kent, 1452. Iohn
VValton Gentleman, 1401.Parish
Marpor a Gentleman, 1400. Iohn, Saint Iohn Marchant of
Leauaunt, and Agnes his wife, 1400. VVilliam
Combes Stocke Fishmonger, one of
therine his wife, Daughter to Morrice Brune Knight, Lorde of Southuckenton in Essex, Stewarde o the Housholde to Humphrey Duke of Glocester, 1487. Nicholas Partrich one of the Sheriffes, 1519. William Forman Maior, 1538. Iames Mounforde Esquier. Surgeon to king Henry the eight, buried. 1544. Thomas Gayle Haberdashar. 1540. Ni
cholas Wilforde Marchant Taylor and Elizabeth his wife, a
bout the yeare. 1551. Hugh Spencer Esquier, 1424. Edward Heywarde 1573. &c.
the
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166
the
Sheriffes, 1452. who gaue forty pound, towardes the workes of
that Church. Iohn Stokar Draper one of the Sheriffes, 1477.
Richarde Drylande Esquier, and Katherine his wife, Daughter to Morrice Brune Knight, Lorde of Southuckenton in Essex, Stewarde o the Housholde to Humphrey Duke of Glocester, 1487. Nicholas Partrich one of the Sheriffes, 1519. William Forman Maior, 1538. Iames Mounforde Esquier. Surgeon to king Henry the eight, buried. 1544. Thomas Gayle Haberdashar. 1540. Ni
cholas Wilforde Marchant Taylor and Elizabeth his wife, a
bout the yeare. 1551. Hugh Spencer Esquier, 1424. Edward Heywarde 1573. &c.
Then haue yee one other lane called Rother Lane or
Red Rose Lane,
of such a signe there, now commonly called Pudding Lane, because the Butchers of
Eastcheape, haue their skalding house for Hogges there, and their
Puddinges with other filth of Beastes, are voided downe that way to their dung
boates on the Thames.
This Lane stretcheth from Thames streete to little East-
Cheape chiefely inhabited, by Basketmakers, Turners, and Butchers: and is all of Billins gate warde. The Garland in little East Cheape, sometime a Brewhouse, with a Garden on the backeside adioyning to the Garden of Sir Iohn Philpot, was the chiefe house in this East Cheape, it is now deuided into sundry small Tenementes, &c.
Cheape chiefely inhabited, by Basketmakers, Turners, and Butchers: and is all of Billins gate warde. The Garland in little East Cheape, sometime a Brewhouse, with a Garden on the backeside adioyning to the Garden of Sir Iohn Philpot, was the chiefe house in this East Cheape, it is now deuided into sundry small Tenementes, &c.
This Warde hath one Alderman, and his Deputie, common Counsellors Constables
eleuen, Scauengers sixe, for the Wardmote inquest foureteene and a Beadle, it is
taxed to the fifteene in London, at two and thirty pound, and in the
Exche
quer at one and thirty pound ten shillinges.
quer at one and thirty pound ten shillinges.
Bridgeward
167
BRidgewarde within,
so called of London Bridge, which Bridge is a principall
parte, of that warde, and beginneth at the stulpes on the southende by Southwarke, runneth along the bridge, and
North vp Bridge
streete, commonly called (of the Fishmar
ket) New Fishstreete, from Fishstreete hil, vp Grassestreete, to the North corner of Grasse Church, all the bridge is replenished on both the sides with large, fayre and beautifull buildings, inhabitants for the most part, rich Marchantes, and other wealthie Citizens, Mercers and Ha
berdashers.
streete, commonly called (of the Fishmar
ket) New Fishstreete, from Fishstreete hil, vp Grassestreete, to the North corner of Grasse Church, all the bridge is replenished on both the sides with large, fayre and beautifull buildings, inhabitants for the most part, rich Marchantes, and other wealthie Citizens, Mercers and Ha
berdashers.
In new fishstreete be Fishmongers, and
fayre Tauerns: on Fishstreete hill, and
Grassestreete, men of diuers Trades, Gro
cers and Habardashers.
cers and Habardashers.
In Grassestreete haue yee one fayre Conduite of
sweete wa
ter, castellated with Crest and Uente, made there by the appoint
ment of Thomas Hill Maior in the yeare 1484. who gaue by his Testament, one hundred markes towardes the conuayance of water
ter, castellated with Crest and Uente, made there by the appoint
ment of Thomas Hill Maior in the yeare 1484. who gaue by his Testament, one hundred markes towardes the conuayance of water
Water Con
duire in Grassestreete.
to this place. It was
begunne by his Executors, in the yeare, 1491. and finished of
his goodes whatsoeuer it cost.
duire in Grassestreete.
On the east side of this Bridge warde, haue yee the
fayre Parrish Church of S. Magnus,
mason to Edwarde the thirde, Richarde the second, and Henry the fourth, who deceased 1400. his monuments yet remaineth: VVilliam Bramptō, Iohn Michel Mayor 1436 Iohn French Baker, Yeoman of the Crowne, to H. the 7.1510 Robert Clarke Fishmonger 1521. Richard Turke one of the Sheriffs 1549. VVilliam Steede Alderman, Richard Morgan knight, chiefe Iustice of the common place 1556, Robert Branch Gird
ler, 1567. Robert Belgraue Girdler, VVilliam Brame, Iohn Couper Fishmonger Aldermā, who was put by his turn of Maio
ratly,
ding Salter one of the Sheriffes, 1568. Symon Low, Mar
chant Taylor Esquier.
Parish church of S.
Magnus.
in the which church haue béene buried many men of good
worship, whose monumentes are now for the most part vtterly defaced. I find
Henrie Yeuele Freemason to Edwarde the thirde, Richarde the second, and Henry the fourth, who deceased 1400. his monuments yet remaineth: VVilliam Bramptō, Iohn Michel Mayor 1436 Iohn French Baker, Yeoman of the Crowne, to H. the 7.1510 Robert Clarke Fishmonger 1521. Richard Turke one of the Sheriffs 1549. VVilliam Steede Alderman, Richard Morgan knight, chiefe Iustice of the common place 1556, Robert Branch Gird
ler, 1567. Robert Belgraue Girdler, VVilliam Brame, Iohn Couper Fishmonger Aldermā, who was put by his turn of Maio
ratly,
deceased
M4
168
deceased, 1571. in the parish of S.
Christopher, but was buried there, as in the Parish where hee was
borne. Robert Harding Salter one of the Sheriffes, 1568. Symon Low, Mar
chant Taylor Esquier.
Then is the parrish Church of S. Margaret
on Fishstreete hill, a proper
Church, but monumentes it hath none: a foote way passeth by the South side of this
Church, from Fishstreete hil into Rotherlane. Up higher on this hil is the parish Church of S. Leonard,
numentes there bee of the Doggetes, namelie, VValter Dog
get Uintner, one of the Sheriffes, 1380. Iohn Dogget Uintner, and Allice his wife, about 1456. this Iohn Dogget gaue lands to that Church, VVilliam Dogget, &c.
parish church of S. Leonard
milke church.
Milke church so termed of one VVilliam
Melker, an especiall builder thereof, but commonly called S. Leonardes in East Cheape, because it
standeth at East Cheape corner. Monumentes there bee of the Doggetes, namelie, VValter Dog
get Uintner, one of the Sheriffes, 1380. Iohn Dogget Uintner, and Allice his wife, about 1456. this Iohn Dogget gaue lands to that Church, VVilliam Dogget, &c.
This Church, and from thence into little East cheape
to the east ende of the saide Church, is of the Bridge
warde.
Then higher in Grassestreete is the parish Church of Saint Bennet, called Grasse Church,
of the Herbe market there kept: this
Church also is of the Bridge warde, and the farthest
North end thereof: some monumentes remaine there vndefaced, as of Iohn
Harding Salter, 1576. Iohn Sturgeon, Chamberlaine of
London, &c. The customes of Grasse church
market, in the raigne of Edwarde the third, as I haue reade in a booke of
Cu
stomes were these: euery Forren cart laden with corne, or mault comming thether to be solde, was to pay one halfe pennie, euery Forren cart bringing cheese two pence euerie cart of corn & cheese together, (if the cheese be more worth then the corn) two pence, and if the corne bee more worth then the cheese, it was to pay a halfepennie, of two horses laden with corne or maulte, the Bay
liffe had one farthing, the cart of the Franchise of the Temple and of S. Martins le grand, payed a Farthing: the cart of the Hos
pitall of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, paide nothing for their proper goodes, and if the corne were brought by Marchants of sel againe, the loade paid a halfepennie, &c.
stomes were these: euery Forren cart laden with corne, or mault comming thether to be solde, was to pay one halfe pennie, euery Forren cart bringing cheese two pence euerie cart of corn & cheese together, (if the cheese be more worth then the corn) two pence, and if the corne bee more worth then the cheese, it was to pay a halfepennie, of two horses laden with corne or maulte, the Bay
liffe had one farthing, the cart of the Franchise of the Temple and of S. Martins le grand, payed a Farthing: the cart of the Hos
pitall of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, paide nothing for their proper goodes, and if the corne were brought by Marchants of sel againe, the loade paid a halfepennie, &c.
On the west side of this ward, at the north end of London bridge is a part of Thames
streete,
which is also of this warde, to wit so much as of old
time was called Stocke Fishmonger Row, of the
deth the Fishmongers hall, and diuers other fayre houses for mar
chants. These Fishmongers were sometime of two seuerall com
panies, to wit, Stocke-fishmongers, and salt fishmongers,
fore they had seueral halles, in Thames stréet twaine, in new fish
stréet twain, & in old fish stréet twain, in all six seueral halles.
wer: now worne out of knowledge to the company, who bee not able so much as to shewe the reason, why they were ioyned in fellowshippe with the Goldsmithes, and doe giue their armes, &c. On that south side of Thames stréete, haue ye Drink wa
ter wharfe, and Fish Wharfe in the parish of S. Magnus. On the North side of Thames street is S. Martins lane, a parte of which lane is also of this ward, to wit, on the one side to a well of water, and on the other side as farre vp as against the said well. Then is S. Michæls lane, part whereof is also of this. Warde vp to a well there &c. Then at the vpper end of new fishstreete, is a lane turning towards S. Michæls lane, and is called crooked lane, of the crooked windings thereof. Aboue this lanes end, vp
on Fishstréet hill, is one great house, for the most part builded of stone, which pertained somtime to Edward the black prince,
tered to a common hosterie, hauing the black bel for a signe: Aboue this house at the top of fishstréet hill is a turning into great East
chepe, and so vp to the corner of Lombard street, ouer against the Northwest corner of Grasse church, and these be the whole bounds of this Bridge ward within: the which hath an Alderman and his deputie, for the Common counsaile 16. Constables 15. Sca
uingers 6. for the Wardemote inquest 16. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene in London at fifty pound, and in the exchec
quer at 49. pound, ten shillings.
Stacke
169
stockfishmongers
dwelling there,
downe west to a water gate, of old time called Ebgate, since Ebgatelane, & now ye
old swan, which is a common stayre on ye
Thames, but the passage is very narrow by
meanes of incrochments. On this south side of Thames
stréet about the midway betwixt the bridge foote, and Ebgate lane, standeth the Fishmongers hall, and diuers other fayre houses for mar
chants. These Fishmongers were sometime of two seuerall com
panies, to wit, Stocke-fishmongers, and salt fishmongers,
Stockfish
mongers and salt Fishmon
gers vnited.
and were vnited in the yeare 1536.
in the 28. of Henry the
eight, their Hall to be but one, in the house giuen vnto them by the
Lord Fanhope, in the parish of S. Michæl
Crooked lane, whereas bemongers and salt Fishmon
gers vnited.
fore they had seueral halles, in Thames stréet twaine, in new fish
stréet twain, & in old fish stréet twain, in all six seueral halles.
Fishmongers had sixe
seue
rall halles.
This company
was so great as I have read in the recordes of the Torall halles.
wer: now worne out of knowledge to the company, who bee not able so much as to shewe the reason, why they were ioyned in fellowshippe with the Goldsmithes, and doe giue their armes, &c. On that south side of Thames stréete, haue ye Drink wa
ter wharfe, and Fish Wharfe in the parish of S. Magnus. On the North side of Thames street is S. Martins lane, a parte of which lane is also of this ward, to wit, on the one side to a well of water, and on the other side as farre vp as against the said well. Then is S. Michæls lane, part whereof is also of this. Warde vp to a well there &c. Then at the vpper end of new fishstreete, is a lane turning towards S. Michæls lane, and is called crooked lane, of the crooked windings thereof. Aboue this lanes end, vp
on Fishstréet hill, is one great house, for the most part builded of stone, which pertained somtime to Edward the black prince,
Edward the black prince.
son to
Edward
ye 3. who was in his life time, lodged there. It is now altered to a common hosterie, hauing the black bel for a signe: Aboue this house at the top of fishstréet hill is a turning into great East
chepe, and so vp to the corner of Lombard street, ouer against the Northwest corner of Grasse church, and these be the whole bounds of this Bridge ward within: the which hath an Alderman and his deputie, for the Common counsaile 16. Constables 15. Sca
uingers 6. for the Wardemote inquest 16. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene in London at fifty pound, and in the exchec
quer at 49. pound, ten shillings.
Candle
170
CAndlewicke street, or Candlewright streete ward,
beginneth at the East end of great East
cheape it passeth west through Eastcheape to Candlewright streete, and through the same downe to the North end of Suffolke lane, on the south side, and downe that lane by the west ende of S. Laurence churchyarde, and that is the farthest west part of that Warde. The street of great East
cheape is so called of the market there kept, in the East parte of the city, as West cheape is a market so called of being in the west.
cheape it passeth west through Eastcheape to Candlewright streete, and through the same downe to the North end of Suffolke lane, on the south side, and downe that lane by the west ende of S. Laurence churchyarde, and that is the farthest west part of that Warde. The street of great East
cheape is so called of the market there kept, in the East parte of the city, as West cheape is a market so called of being in the west.
This East cheape is now a flesh market of
Butchers there dwelling, on both sides of the street, it had sometime
also Cookes mixed amongst the Butchers, and such other
as sold victuails rea
die dressed of all sorts. For of old time when friends did meet, and were disposed to bee merie, they went not to dine and suppe in Ta
uernes, for they dressed not meates to be sold, but the cookes, where they called for meate what them liked, which they alwayes found readie dressed at a reasonable rate, as I haue before shewed. In the yeare 1410. the 11. of Henry the 4. vpon the euen of S. Iohn Baptist, the kinges sonnes, Thomas, and Iohn being in East
cheape at supper, (or rather at breakfast, for it was betwixt 2. and 3. of the clocke after midnight) a great debate happened between their men and other of the court, which lasted one houre, euen till the Mayor and Sheriffes with other cittizens appeased the same: for the which afterwards the said Mayor Aldermen and Sheriffes were sent for to answere before the king, his sonnes and diuers Lords, being highly moued against the cittie. At which time William Gascoyne, chiefe Iustice required the Mayor and Al
dermen, for the citizens, to put them in the Kings grace: whereun
to they answered that they had not offended, but (according to the law) had done their best in stinting debate, and maintayning of the peace: vpon which answere the king remitted all his ire, and dismissed them. And to proue this Eastcheape, to be a place reple
nished with cookes, it may appeare by a song called London
minster hall: in Candlewright street Drapers profered him cheap cloth, in Eastcheape the cookes cryed hotte ribbes of beefe rosted, pyes well baked, and other victuailes: there was clattering of pots, harpe, pipe, and sawtry, yea by cocke, nay by cocke, for other greater oathes were spared: some sang of Ienken and Iulian &c. all which melodie liked well the passenger, but he wanted money to abide by it, and therefore gat him into Grauesend barge and home into Kent. Candlewright or Candlewicke street tooke that name (as may be supposed) eyther of Chaundlers or makers of candles, both of waxe and tallow: for Candlewright is a maker of candles, or of Wéeke which is the cotton or yearne thereof: or o
therwise Wike, which is the place where they vse to work them, as Scalding wike by the stockes market was called of the Powl
ters scalding and dressing their powltry there: and in diuers coun
tries, Dayrie houses or cottages, wherein they make butter and cheese, are vsually called Wickes. There dwelled also of olde time diuers Weauers
ing in short time worne out, their place is now possessed by rich Drapers sellers of woollen cloth, &c. On the North side of this warde, at the west end of East cheape haue ye S. Clements lane, a part whereof on both sides is of Candlewike stréet ward, to wit somewhat North beyond the parish church of S. Clement in East cheape. This is a small church, void of monuments, other then of Frauncis Barnam Alderman, who deceased 1575. and of Bene
dick
cholas church. Then is Abchurch lane, which is on both the sides, almost wholly of this ward, ye parish church there (called of S. Ma
rie Abchurch,
quire of Bedfordshire 1442. Iohn Wikenson Alderman 1519. William Iawdrell Taylor, 1440. Sir Iames Hawse Mayor, 1574. Sir Iohn Branch Mayor, 1580. Iohn Miners, Willi
am Kettle &c. On the South side of this warde, beginning againe at the East, is S. Nicholas lane which lane, is almost wholly of this ward, on both sides downe towards Thamestréete, to a wel or pump there, On the East side of this lane is crooked lane afore
said by S. Michæls church, towards new fishstréet. One the most ancient house in this lane is called the leaden porch, and belonged somtime to Sir Iohn Merston knight: the 1. of Edward the 4. The parish church of this S. Michæls was somtime but a smal & homely thing, standing vpon part of that ground, wherein now standeth the parsonage house: and the ground there about was a filthy plot, by reason of the butchers in East chepe, who made the same their Laystall. Iohn Loueken stockfishmonger Maior buil
ded in the same ground this faire church of S. Michæll and was there buried in the quire, vnder a faire tombe with the Images of him, and his wife in Alabaster: the said church hath béen since in
creased with a new quire and side chaples by Sir William Wal
worth stockfishmonger Mayor, somtime seruant to the foresaid Iohn Loueken, also the tombe of Loueken was remoued and a flat stone of grey marble garnished with plates of copper layde on him as it yet remaineth in the body of the church: this William Walworth is reported to haue slaine Iack Straw in Smithfield, and there to haue béen therefore knighted by the king, but that is not trew, forIack Strawe being afterward taken, was first ad
iudged by the said mayor, and then executed by the losse of his head in Smithfield, howbeit true it is that this William Walworth be
ing a man wise, learned, and of an incomparable manhood arrested Watt Tiler a presumptuous rebell, vpon whom no man durst lay
uers places of his bodie, and drew him into the Hospitall of S. Bar
tholomew, from whence againe the Mayor caused him to bee drawne into Smithfield, and there to be beheaded. In rewarde of this seruice, (the people being dispersed) the king commanded the Mayor to put a Basenet on his head, and the Mayor requesting why he should so do, the king answered, he being much bound vn
to him would make him knight: the Mayor
withstanding the king made him to put on his Basenet,
pot, Nicholas Brembar, and Robert Launde Alderman.
die dressed of all sorts. For of old time when friends did meet, and were disposed to bee merie, they went not to dine and suppe in Ta
uernes, for they dressed not meates to be sold, but the cookes, where they called for meate what them liked, which they alwayes found readie dressed at a reasonable rate, as I haue before shewed. In the yeare 1410. the 11. of Henry the 4. vpon the euen of S. Iohn Baptist, the kinges sonnes, Thomas, and Iohn being in East
cheape at supper, (or rather at breakfast, for it was betwixt 2. and 3. of the clocke after midnight) a great debate happened between their men and other of the court, which lasted one houre, euen till the Mayor and Sheriffes with other cittizens appeased the same: for the which afterwards the said Mayor Aldermen and Sheriffes were sent for to answere before the king, his sonnes and diuers Lords, being highly moued against the cittie. At which time William Gascoyne, chiefe Iustice required the Mayor and Al
dermen, for the citizens, to put them in the Kings grace: whereun
to they answered that they had not offended, but (according to the law) had done their best in stinting debate, and maintayning of the peace: vpon which answere the king remitted all his ire, and dismissed them. And to proue this Eastcheape, to be a place reple
nished with cookes, it may appeare by a song called London
licke
171
licke pennie, made by Lidgate the Monke of Berrye, in
the raigne of Henry the
fift, in the person of a cuntreyman comming to London, and
trauelling through the same: In westcheape (saith the song) he was called on to
buy fine lawne, Paris thread, cotton Umple, and other linnen clothes and
such like (he speaketh of no silkes) In Cornehill to
buy olde apparel, and houshold stuffe, where he was forced to buy his owne hoode,
which hee had lost in Westminster hall: in Candlewright street Drapers profered him cheap cloth, in Eastcheape the cookes cryed hotte ribbes of beefe rosted, pyes well baked, and other victuailes: there was clattering of pots, harpe, pipe, and sawtry, yea by cocke, nay by cocke, for other greater oathes were spared: some sang of Ienken and Iulian &c. all which melodie liked well the passenger, but he wanted money to abide by it, and therefore gat him into Grauesend barge and home into Kent. Candlewright or Candlewicke street tooke that name (as may be supposed) eyther of Chaundlers or makers of candles, both of waxe and tallow: for Candlewright is a maker of candles, or of Wéeke which is the cotton or yearne thereof: or o
therwise Wike, which is the place where they vse to work them, as Scalding wike by the stockes market was called of the Powl
ters scalding and dressing their powltry there: and in diuers coun
tries, Dayrie houses or cottages, wherein they make butter and cheese, are vsually called Wickes. There dwelled also of olde time diuers Weauers
Weauers in Candlewike
street.
of woollen clothes, brought in by Edward the
third. For I reade that in the 44. of his raigne the weauers brought out of
Flaunders,
Weauers
brought out of Flanders and Brabant.
were appointed their meetings to be
in the churchyarde of S. Laurence Poultney,
and the Weauers of Brabant in the churchyard of S. Mary Sommerset. There were then in this cittie
weauers of diuers sortes. to wit, of Drapery, of Tapery, & Naperie. These
weauers of Candlewright stréet being in short time worne out, their place is now possessed by rich Drapers sellers of woollen cloth, &c. On the North side of this warde, at the west end of East cheape haue ye S. Clements lane, a part whereof on both sides is of Candlewike stréet ward, to wit somewhat North beyond the parish church of S. Clement in East cheape. This is a small church, void of monuments, other then of Frauncis Barnam Alderman, who deceased 1575. and of Bene
dick
dicke
172
Barnam his son, Alderman also 1598. Next is S. Nicholas lane for the most part on both
sides of this ward, almost to S. Nicholas church. Then is Abchurch lane, which is on both the sides, almost wholly of this ward, ye parish church there (called of S. Ma
rie Abchurch,
Parish church of S. Mary Abchurch.
Apechurch, or Upchurch, as I haue read it) standeth somewhat neere vnto the south ende
thereof, on a rising ground: it is a faire church, and hath the monuments of
Iohn Long Esquire of Bedfordshire 1442. Iohn Wikenson Alderman 1519. William Iawdrell Taylor, 1440. Sir Iames Hawse Mayor, 1574. Sir Iohn Branch Mayor, 1580. Iohn Miners, Willi
am Kettle &c. On the South side of this warde, beginning againe at the East, is S. Nicholas lane which lane, is almost wholly of this ward, on both sides downe towards Thamestréete, to a wel or pump there, On the East side of this lane is crooked lane afore
said by S. Michæls church, towards new fishstréet. One the most ancient house in this lane is called the leaden porch, and belonged somtime to Sir Iohn Merston knight: the 1. of Edward the 4. The parish church of this S. Michæls was somtime but a smal & homely thing, standing vpon part of that ground, wherein now standeth the parsonage house: and the ground there about was a filthy plot, by reason of the butchers in East chepe, who made the same their Laystall. Iohn Loueken stockfishmonger Maior buil
ded in the same ground this faire church of S. Michæll and was there buried in the quire, vnder a faire tombe with the Images of him, and his wife in Alabaster: the said church hath béen since in
creased with a new quire and side chaples by Sir William Wal
worth stockfishmonger Mayor, somtime seruant to the foresaid Iohn Loueken, also the tombe of Loueken was remoued and a flat stone of grey marble garnished with plates of copper layde on him as it yet remaineth in the body of the church: this William Walworth is reported to haue slaine Iack Straw in Smithfield, and there to haue béen therefore knighted by the king, but that is not trew, forIack Strawe being afterward taken, was first ad
iudged by the said mayor, and then executed by the losse of his head in Smithfield, howbeit true it is that this William Walworth be
ing a man wise, learned, and of an incomparable manhood arrested Watt Tiler a presumptuous rebell, vpon whom no man durst lay
hand,
173
whereby hee deliuered the King and kingdome from most wicked tiranie of Traitors.
The Mayor
The Mayor was well ar
med, and had on his head a Basonet.
arrested him
on the head with a sound blow, whereupon Wat Tylar furiously stroke the
Mayor with his dagger, but hurt him not, by reason he was well armed: the Mayor
hauing receyued his stroke, drew his basiliarde, and grieuously wounded
Wat in the neck, and withal gaue him a great blow on the head: in the
which conflict an Esquire of the kinges house, called Iohn Cauendish drew
his sword, and wounded Wat twise or thrise euen to the death: and
Wat spurring his horse, cried to the commons to reuenge him: the horse
bare him about 80. foot from the place, and there he fell downe halfe dead, and by
and by they which attended on the king enuironed him about, so as hee was not
seene of his company: many of them thrust him in in dimed, and had on his head a Basonet.
uers places of his bodie, and drew him into the Hospitall of S. Bar
tholomew, from whence againe the Mayor caused him to bee drawne into Smithfield, and there to be beheaded. In rewarde of this seruice, (the people being dispersed) the king commanded the Mayor to put a Basenet on his head, and the Mayor requesting why he should so do, the king answered, he being much bound vn
to him would make him knight: the Mayor
Mayor made knight and otherwise re
warded.
answered, that hee was
neither worthy nor able to take such estate vpon him, for hee was but a Marchant
& had to liue by his marchandise onely: notwarded.
withstanding the king made him to put on his Basenet,
Order of ma
king a knight for seruice in the field.
and then with a sword in both
his hands he strongly strake him on the neck as the manner was then, and the same
day hee made thrée other citizens knights, for his sake in the same place: to wit,
Iohn Philking a knight for seruice in the field.
pot, Nicholas Brembar, and Robert Launde Alderman.
Aldermen
knighted. Colledge soū
ded.
The
king gaue to the Mayor 100.£. land by yere, & to each of the other 40.£. land
yearely, to them and their heires for euer.
ded.
After this in the same yeare the said Sir William Walworth founded in the
said parish church of S. Michæl,
a Colledge of a maister and 9. priestes or Chaplens,
& deceased 1385. was there buried in the Chappell by the
Quire: but his monument
being
a
mongst other by bad people defaced, in the raigne of Edward the 6. & againe since renued by the Fishmongers, who for lacke of know
ledge, what before had beene written in his Epitaph, followed a fabulous booke, and wrote Iacke Straw in steed of Wat Tylar, & therefore haue I the more at large discoursed of this matter.
mongst other by bad people defaced, in the raigne of Edward the 6. & againe since renued by the Fishmongers, who for lacke of know
ledge, what before had beene written in his Epitaph, followed a fabulous booke, and wrote Iacke Straw in steed of Wat Tylar, & therefore haue I the more at large discoursed of this matter.
It
174
It
hath also beene and is nowe growne to a common opinion, that in reward of this
seruice done, by the said William Walworth against the rebell. King
Richard added to the armes of this Cittie (which was argent, a plaine crosse Gulas) a sword or dagger, (for so they terme it) whereof I haue read no such record, but ra
ther that which soundeth to the contrary:
Dunthorne.
For I finde that
in the fourth yeare of
Richard the second in a full assembly made in the vpper
chamber of the Guildhall, summoned by this
VVilliam Walworth, then Mayor, as well of Aldermen as of the common
counsaile in euery ward, for certaine affaires concerning the king, it was there
by common consent agreed and ordayned, that the old seale of the
Old seale of the Mayoralty broken, and a new seale
made.
office of the Maioraltie of the citie being very smal, old, vnapt,
& vncomely, for the honor of the city, should be broken, & one other new
should be had, which the said Mayor commanded to be made artificially, &
honorable for the exercise of the said office therafter in place of the other: in which new seale, besides the images of Peter, and Paule, which of olde were rudely engrauen, there should be vnder the feet of the said images, a shield of the armes of
The armes of this cittie were not altered,
but remaine as afore.
the said cittie perfectly graued, with two Lyons
supporting the same with two sergeants of arms, an other parte, one & two
tabernacles, in which aboue should stand two angels, between whom aboue the said images of Peter and Paule shall be set the glorious Uirgine: this being done, the old seale of the Office was deliuered to Richard Odiham Chamberlaine, who brake it, and in place thereof, was deliuered the new seale to the said Mayor to vse in his office, of maioraltie, as occasion should require. This new seale see
meth to be made before W. Walworth was knighted, for he is not here intituled Sir, as afterwardes he was: and certaine it is that the same new seale then made, is now in vse and none other in that office of the Maioraltie: which may suffice to answere the former fable, without shewing of any euidence sealed with the olde seale, which was the crosse and sword as now &c.
Now the other monuments in that church Simon Mordon May
or, 1368. was buried there, Iohn Olney Mayor 1446. Robert March Stockfishmonger gaue two péeces of grounde to bee a churchyarde: Iohn Radwell Stockefishmonger, buried 1415. George Gowre Esquire, son to Edward Gowre Stockfishmon
ger Esquire, 1470. Alexander Purpoint Stockfishmonger,
or, 1368. was buried there, Iohn Olney Mayor 1446. Robert March Stockfishmonger gaue two péeces of grounde to bee a churchyarde: Iohn Radwell Stockefishmonger, buried 1415. George Gowre Esquire, son to Edward Gowre Stockfishmon
ger Esquire, 1470. Alexander Purpoint Stockfishmonger,
1373
175
1373. Andrew Burel Gentleman of Greyes Inne, 1487.
Iohn Shrow Stockfishmonger 1487. With this
Epitaph.
Farewell my friendes the tide abydeth no man
I am departed hence, and so shall ye.
But in this passage the best song that I can
Is requiem eternam, now Iesu grant it me,
VVhen I haue ended all mine aduersitie,
Grant me in Paradise to haue a mansion,
That shedst the blood for my redemption.
Iohn Fenkell one of the Sheriffes, 1487. was knighted, and
gaue 40.£. to this church, the one halfe for his monument. Iohn Pattessey
Mayor, 1441. Thomas Ewen Grocer, bare halfe the charges in building
of the stéeple, & was buried, 1501. William
Combes Gent. of Stoke by Gilford in Surrey
1502. Sir Iohn Brudge Mayor, 1530. gaue 50.£. for a
house called the Colledge
in Crooked lane, he lyeth
buried in S. Nicholas Hacon. Walter Faireford,
Robert Barre, Alexander Heyband, Iohn Motte, Iohn Gramstone, Iohn Brampton,
Iohn Wood Stockfishmon
ger, 1531. Sir Henry Amcots Mayor, 1548. &c. Harde by this S. Michæls church, on the south side thereof, in the yeare 1560. on the 5. of Iuly through the shooting of a gun, which brake in the house of one Adrian Arten. a dutch man & set fire on a firkin and barrell of gunpowder, foure houses were blowen vp, and diuers o
ther sore shattered: 11. men and women were slaine, and 16. so hurt and brused, that they hardly escaped with life.
ger, 1531. Sir Henry Amcots Mayor, 1548. &c. Harde by this S. Michæls church, on the south side thereof, in the yeare 1560. on the 5. of Iuly through the shooting of a gun, which brake in the house of one Adrian Arten. a dutch man & set fire on a firkin and barrell of gunpowder, foure houses were blowen vp, and diuers o
ther sore shattered: 11. men and women were slaine, and 16. so hurt and brused, that they hardly escaped with life.
West from this S. Michæls lane is S. Martins Orgar lane,
plenished with faire and large houses for marchants, & it is of this ward: one of which houses was sometime called Beachamps Inne as pertaining vnto thē of that familie. Thomas Arundell Arch
bishop of Canterburie, commonly for his time was lodged there.
S. Martins Or
gorlane, and parish church.
by Candle wick stréet, which lane is on both sides downe
to a well regorlane, and parish church.
plenished with faire and large houses for marchants, & it is of this ward: one of which houses was sometime called Beachamps Inne as pertaining vnto thē of that familie. Thomas Arundell Arch
bishop of Canterburie, commonly for his time was lodged there.
The parish church of S. Martin Orgor
of, and was buried there 1533. Iohn Mathew Mayor 1490. Sir William Huet Mayor, 1559. With his Ladie and daughter, wife to Sir Edward Osborne, Raph Tabinham Alderman, Alice wife to Thomas Winslow, Thorudon, Benedicke Reding, Thomas Harding, Iames Smith, Richard Gainford Esquire.
ney mayor, and was confirmed by Edward the third, the 20. of his raigne, of him was this church called S. Laurence Poultney in Candlewickestréet, which Colledge was valued at 79.l.17. s̃.xj.ď and was surrendred in the raigne of Edward the sixt. Robert Rat
cliffe Earle of Sussex, & Henry Ratcliffe Earle of Sussex, were buried there. Alderman Beswicke was buried there, Iohn Olyfe Alderman, Robert Browne & others. Thus much for this ward, & the antiquities thereof. It hath now an Alderman his Deputie, Common Counsellors 8 Constables 8. Scauengers 6. Warde
mote inquest men 12. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene at xvj.pound.
Parish church of S.
Martin Orgar.
is a smal thing. William Crowmer Mayor,
builded a proper chappel on the south side therof, and was buried there 1533. Iohn Mathew Mayor 1490. Sir William Huet Mayor, 1559. With his Ladie and daughter, wife to Sir Edward Osborne, Raph Tabinham Alderman, Alice wife to Thomas Winslow, Thorudon, Benedicke Reding, Thomas Harding, Iames Smith, Richard Gainford Esquire.
VVinslow
176
VVinslow Gent. Iohn Bold &c. Then is there one other lane
called S. Laurence, of the parish church
there. This lane down to the south side of the churchyard, is of Candlewicke streete warde. The parish church of S. Laurence
was increased with a chappell of Iesus by Thomas Cole,
for a maister and Chaplens, the which chappell and parish church was made a
Colledge of Iesus, and of Corpus Christi, for a maister and
seuen chaplens, by Iohn Poultney mayor, and was confirmed by Edward the third, the 20. of his raigne, of him was this church called S. Laurence Poultney in Candlewickestréet, which Colledge was valued at 79.l.17. s̃.xj.ď and was surrendred in the raigne of Edward the sixt. Robert Rat
cliffe Earle of Sussex, & Henry Ratcliffe Earle of Sussex, were buried there. Alderman Beswicke was buried there, Iohn Olyfe Alderman, Robert Browne & others. Thus much for this ward, & the antiquities thereof. It hath now an Alderman his Deputie, Common Counsellors 8 Constables 8. Scauengers 6. Warde
mote inquest men 12. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene at xvj.pound.
WAlbrooke ward
beginneth at the west end of Can
dlewicke street ward. It runneth downe Candle
wicke street west towardes Budge row. It hath on the north side thereof S. Swithens lane, so called of S. Swithens a parish Church by London stone: this lane is replenished on both the sides with faire builded houses, and is wholly of Walbrooke warde. The said parish church of S. Swithen
ctor thereunto, as appeareth by his armes in the glasse windowes, euen in the tops of them, which is in a field siluer, a chefe Azure, a Lion passant siluer, a Cheueron azure, thrée Escalops siluer: he ly
eth buried in the bodie of this church with a faire stone laid on him but the plates and other inscriptions are defaced, Roger Depham Alderman was buried there: Iohn Butler Draper one of the She
riffes 1420. Raph Iocoline Mayor a benefactor buried in a faire tombe, William White Draper, one of the Sheriffes, 1482.
dlewicke street ward. It runneth downe Candle
wicke street west towardes Budge row. It hath on the north side thereof S. Swithens lane, so called of S. Swithens a parish Church by London stone: this lane is replenished on both the sides with faire builded houses, and is wholly of Walbrooke warde. The said parish church of S. Swithen
Parish church of S.
Swithen.
standeth at the southwest corner of this lane, and
hath beene lately new builded: for licence was procured to new builde &
increase the said church & steeple, and churchyarde, in the yeare 1420.
Sir Iohn Hend Draper Mayor was an especiall benefactor thereunto, as appeareth by his armes in the glasse windowes, euen in the tops of them, which is in a field siluer, a chefe Azure, a Lion passant siluer, a Cheueron azure, thrée Escalops siluer: he ly
eth buried in the bodie of this church with a faire stone laid on him but the plates and other inscriptions are defaced, Roger Depham Alderman was buried there: Iohn Butler Draper one of the She
riffes 1420. Raph Iocoline Mayor a benefactor buried in a faire tombe, William White Draper, one of the Sheriffes, 1482.
On
177
On the north
side of this church and churchyard is one faire and large builded house, sometime
pertaining to the Prior of Tortington since that to the Earles of Oxford, & now to Sir Iohn Hart Alderman: which house hath a faire garden belonging thereunto, lying on the West side thereof. On the backe side of two other faire houses in Walbrook, in the raigne of Henry the seuenth, Sir Rychard Empson
Empson and Dudley.
knight dwelled in the
one of them, & Edmond Dudley Esquire in the other: eyther of them had
a dore of entercourse into this garden, wherein they met & consulted of matters at their pleasures. In this Oxford place Sir Ambrose Nicholas kept his mayoralty, & since him ye said Sir Iohn Hart did likewise.
On the south side of this high street, neare vnto the channell, is pitched vpright
a great stone called London stone
fixed in the ground very deep, fastned with bars of iron, & otherwise so
strong lie set, that if cartes do runne against it through negligence, the Wheeles
be broken, and the stone it selfe vnshaken.
The cause why this stone was there set, the verie time when, or other memory
hereof, is there none, but that the same hath long continued there, is manifest,
namely since (or rather before) the time of the conquest: for in the ende of a
fayre written Gospell booke giuen to Christes church in
Canterburie, by Ethelstane king of the west Saxons, I finde
noted of Landes or Rentes in London belonging to the saide church,
whereof one parcell is de
scribed, to ly neare vnto London stone.
scribed, to ly neare vnto London stone.
Liber Trinitate Antiquity of London
stone.
Of later time wee reade that in the yeare of
Christ
1135. the first of king Stephen a fire which began in the
house of one Ailwarde, neare vnto London stone consumed all east
to Ealdegate, in the which fire the Priorie of the holy Trinitie was
brent, & west to S. Erkenwalds shrine in Paules Church: and these be the eldest notes that I read
therof.
Some haue saide this stone to haue beene set, as a marke in the middle of the
cittie within the walles: but in truth it standeth farre nearer vnto the riuer of Thames, then to the wall of the ci
ty, some others haue saide the same to bee set for the tendering and making of paymentes by debtors to their creditors, at their ap
pointed daies, and times, till of later time, paymentes were more vsually made at the font in Pontes church, and now most com
monly at the Royall Exchange, some againe haue imagined the same to bee set vp by one Iohn or Thomas Londonstone dwelling there against, but more likely it is, that such men haue
ty, some others haue saide the same to bee set for the tendering and making of paymentes by debtors to their creditors, at their ap
pointed daies, and times, till of later time, paymentes were more vsually made at the font in Pontes church, and now most com
monly at the Royall Exchange, some againe haue imagined the same to bee set vp by one Iohn or Thomas Londonstone dwelling there against, but more likely it is, that such men haue
taken
N
178
taken name of
the stone, rather then the stone of them, as did Iohn at Noke,
Thomas at Stile, William at Wall or at Well, &c.
Down west from this parish church and from London
stone, haue yee Walbrooke corner: from
whence runneth vp a streete, north to the Stockes,
called Walbrooke, because it standeth on the east
side of the same brooke by the banke thereof, and the whole warde taketh name of
that streete.
On the east side of
this streete and at the north corner thereof, is the stockes market, which had this beginning. Aboute the yeare of
Christ
1282. Henry Wales Maior, caused diuers houses in this Citie to
be builded to
wardes the maintenance of London bridge, namely one voide place neare vnto the parish church, called Woole church, on the north side thereof, where sometime (the way being very large and broade) had stoode a payre of stockes, for punishment of offendors, this building tooke name of these stockes, and was appointed by him, to bee a market place for fish and flesh in the midst of the ci
ty, other houses he builded in other places, as by the patent of Ed
ward the first, it doth appeare dated the 10. of his raign. After this in the yeare 1322. the 17. of Edwarde the second a decree was made by Hamond Chickwell Maior, that none should sell fish or flesh out of the markets appointed, to wit Bridge streete,
wardes the maintenance of London bridge, namely one voide place neare vnto the parish church, called Woole church, on the north side thereof, where sometime (the way being very large and broade) had stoode a payre of stockes, for punishment of offendors, this building tooke name of these stockes, and was appointed by him, to bee a market place for fish and flesh in the midst of the ci
ty, other houses he builded in other places, as by the patent of Ed
ward the first, it doth appeare dated the 10. of his raign. After this in the yeare 1322. the 17. of Edwarde the second a decree was made by Hamond Chickwell Maior, that none should sell fish or flesh out of the markets appointed, to wit Bridge streete,
The
middest of the Citie.
East cheape, Olde
fishstreete, S. Nicholas shambles, and the
said Stocks vpon pain to forfeite such fish or flesh
as were sold, for the first time, and the second time to loose their freedom,
which act was made by commandemēt of the king vnder his letters patents dated at
the Tower, the 17. of his raign, and
then was this stockes let to ferme for six and
fortie pound thirteene shillinges foure pence by the yeare. This Stockes market was again begunne to be builded in the
yeare 1410. in the 11. of Henry the 4. and was
cleane finished in the yeare next following.
In the yeare 1543.
Iohn Coutes being Maior, there was in this Stockes market for Fishmongers 25. boordes or stalles which
rented yearely to thirty foure pound thirteene shillinges foure pence, there were
for Butchers 18. boordes or stalles rented at 41.l.16.s̃.4.ď, and there were also chambers aboue, 16.
rented at 5.£.13,s̃.4.ď.
parish church of S. Mary Wool church
Next vnto this Stockes is the parish church of S. Mary Woll Church, so called of a Beame
placed there, euen in the church yard (as it seemeth) for the same was thereof
called Wooll church Haw, of the Tronage, or
weighing of Woole there vsed, and to
cence granted in the 20. of Henry the sixt, with condition to bee builded 15. foote from the Stockes market for sparing of light to the same. The Parson of this church is to haue foure markes the yeare for Tith of the saide Stockes, paide him by the maisters of the Bridge house, by a speciall decree made the second of Henry the seuenth. Iohn Wingar Grocer Maior, 1504, was a greate helper to the building of this church, and was there buried 1505. he gaue vnto it by his Testament, two large Basons of siluer, & 20.l. in money, also Richarde Shore Draper, one of the She
riffes 1505. Was a great benefactor in his life, and by his Testa
ment gaue 20.l. to make a portch at the west end thereof, and was there buried, Richard Hatfield of Steplemordē in Cambridge shire, lieth intombed there, 1467. Edwarde Deoly Esquier, 1467. Iohn Handford Grocer, made the Fount of that church very curiously wrought, painted and guilded, and was there buried: Iohn Archer Fishmonger 1487. &c. From the Stockes market, and this Parrish Church East vp into Lombarde streete, some seauen or eight houses on a side, and also on the south side of Woll Church, haue yee Bearebinder lane, which is of this Walbrooke warde, then downe lower in the stréete called Wal
brooke is one other fayre Church of S. Stephen, lately builded on the east side thereof, for the olde church stoode on the west side, in place where now standeth the Parsonage house, and therefore so much nearer, the brooke euen on the banke. Robert Chichley Maior in the yeare 1428. the sixt of Henry the sixt, gaue to this Parrish of S, Stephen
gham Draper laide the thirde stone, Henry Barton then Mai
or &c. The said Chichley gaue more 100.l. to the saide worke, and bare the charges of all the timber worke on the Procession way, and layd the lead vpon it of his owne cost, hee also gaue all the timber for the rooffing of the two side Iles, and paide for the carriage thereof. This church was finished in the yeare 1439. the bredth thereof is 67. foote, and length 125. foote, the church yarde 90. foote, in length, and 37. in bredth and more. Robert Wittingham (made knight of the Bath) in the yeare 1432. pur
chased the patronage of this church from Iohn Duke of Bedford, vnckle to Henry the sixt, and Edwarde the fourth, in the second of his raigne, gaue it to Richarde Lee, then Maior There be monumentes in this church of Thomas Southwell first Parson of this new church, who lieth in the quier, Iohn Dunstable Mai
ster of Astronomie, and Musicke in the yeare 1453. Sir Richard Lee Maior, who gaue the saide Patronage to the Grocers, Sir Rowland Hill Maior, 1549. Sir Thomas Pope first Treasur
er of the augmentations, with his wife dame Margaret. Iohn Kirkbie Grocer 1578. Sir Iohn Cootes Maior, 1542, Sir Iohn Yorke knight, Marchant Taylor, 1549. Edward Iack
man Sheriffe, 1564, Richarde Achley Grocer, Doctor Owyn Phisition to king Henry the eight, and others.
verifie
179
. verifie this, I finde amongst the customes
of London, written in French, in the raigne of Edwarde the second, a chapter intituled Les
customes de Wolchurch haw, wherein is set downs what was there to be paide
for euery Parcell of Wooll weighed. This Tronage or weighing of Wool
Tronage or weighing of wooll caused the church to bee named
Wool church haw.
till the sixt of Richard the
secōd, was there continued, and vntill that Iohn Churchman
builded the custome house vpon Woolkey, to serue for the said Tronage, as is
before shewed in the Towerstreete warde: This church
is reasonable fayre and large, and was latelie new builded, by licence granted in the 20. of Henry the sixt, with condition to bee builded 15. foote from the Stockes market for sparing of light to the same. The Parson of this church is to haue foure markes the yeare for Tith of the saide Stockes, paide him by the maisters of the Bridge house, by a speciall decree made the second of Henry the seuenth. Iohn Wingar Grocer Maior, 1504, was a greate helper to the building of this church, and was there buried 1505. he gaue vnto it by his Testament, two large Basons of siluer, & 20.l. in money, also Richarde Shore Draper, one of the She
riffes 1505. Was a great benefactor in his life, and by his Testa
ment gaue 20.l. to make a portch at the west end thereof, and was there buried, Richard Hatfield of Steplemordē in Cambridge shire, lieth intombed there, 1467. Edwarde Deoly Esquier, 1467. Iohn Handford Grocer, made the Fount of that church very curiously wrought, painted and guilded, and was there buried: Iohn Archer Fishmonger 1487. &c. From the Stockes market, and this Parrish Church East vp into Lombarde streete, some seauen or eight houses on a side, and also on the south side of Woll Church, haue yee Bearebinder lane, which is of this Walbrooke warde, then downe lower in the stréete called Wal
brooke is one other fayre Church of S. Stephen, lately builded on the east side thereof, for the olde church stoode on the west side, in place where now standeth the Parsonage house, and therefore so much nearer, the brooke euen on the banke. Robert Chichley Maior in the yeare 1428. the sixt of Henry the sixt, gaue to this Parrish of S, Stephen
Parishe church of S.
Stephen by Walbrook.
one plot of ground, contayning 208, foote
and a halfe in length, and 66. foote in bredth, thereupon to builde their new
church, and for their churchyarde: and in the seuenth of Henry: the sixt, the saide Robert one of
the founders, laide the first stone for him selfe, the second for William
Stondon Maior,
with
N2
180
with whose
goodes the ground that the church standeth on, and the housing with the ground of
the churchyarde was bought by the saide Chichley for 200. markes, from
the Grocers which had beene letten before for 26. markes the yeare. Robert
Wittingham Draper laide the thirde stone, Henry Barton then Mai
or &c. The said Chichley gaue more 100.l. to the saide worke, and bare the charges of all the timber worke on the Procession way, and layd the lead vpon it of his owne cost, hee also gaue all the timber for the rooffing of the two side Iles, and paide for the carriage thereof. This church was finished in the yeare 1439. the bredth thereof is 67. foote, and length 125. foote, the church yarde 90. foote, in length, and 37. in bredth and more. Robert Wittingham (made knight of the Bath) in the yeare 1432. pur
chased the patronage of this church from Iohn Duke of Bedford, vnckle to Henry the sixt, and Edwarde the fourth, in the second of his raigne, gaue it to Richarde Lee, then Maior There be monumentes in this church of Thomas Southwell first Parson of this new church, who lieth in the quier, Iohn Dunstable Mai
ster of Astronomie, and Musicke in the yeare 1453. Sir Richard Lee Maior, who gaue the saide Patronage to the Grocers, Sir Rowland Hill Maior, 1549. Sir Thomas Pope first Treasur
er of the augmentations, with his wife dame Margaret. Iohn Kirkbie Grocer 1578. Sir Iohn Cootes Maior, 1542, Sir Iohn Yorke knight, Marchant Taylor, 1549. Edward Iack
man Sheriffe, 1564, Richarde Achley Grocer, Doctor Owyn Phisition to king Henry the eight, and others.
Lower downe from this parish church bee diuers fayre houses namely one wherein of
late Sir Richard Baker a knight of Kent was lodged, and one
wherein dwelled maister Thomas Gore a marchant famous for Hospitality. On
the West side of this Walbrooke streete, ouer
against the Stockes market, is a parte of the high
streete, called the Poultrie, on the south side
west, till ouer against S. Mildredes Church, and
the Skalding Wike, is of this warde. Then downe
againe Walbrooke stréete some small distance, is
Buckles Bury, a streete so called of
Buckle
that sometime was owner thereof, part of which streete, on
both sides 3. or 4. houses to the course of the Brooke is of this warde, and so
downe Walbrooke streete, to the south corner: from
whence west downe Budge Row, some small distance to
an Alley
barton Skinner, who gaue lands to that church, was there buri
ed, 1410. and Iohn Stone Taylor one of the Sheriffes 1464. was likewise buried there. On the south side of Walbrooke warde from Candlewicke streete, in the mid way betwixt Lon
don stone, and Walbrooke corner, is a little lane with a turne
pike in the middest thereof, and in the same a proper parish church called S. Mary Bothaw,
quier 1539. but his monument is defaced. The Erbar is an ancient place so called, but is not of Walbrooke warde, and therefore out of that lane, to Walbrooke corner, and then downe till ouer against the south corner of S. Iohns church vpon Walbrooke. And this is all that I can say of Walbrooke warde. It hath an Alderman, and his Deputy, common Counsellors eleuen, Con
stables, nine, Scauengers six, for the Wardmote inquest, thirteen and a Beadle, it is taxed to the fifeteene in London, to forty pound and in the Exchequer to thirty nine pound.
and
181
and through
that Alley south by the west ende of S. Iohns
church vpon Walbrooke, by the south side, and east end of the same, again
to Walbrooke corner. This parrish church is called
S. Iohn vpon Walbrooke, because the west
ende thereof is on the verie banke of Walbrooke, by
Horshew Bridge,
a Bridge ouer the
Brooke in Horsebridge lane. This church was also
lately new builded: for aboute the yeare 1412. licence was
granted by the Maior, and Comminalty, to the Parson and Parish there, for the
enlarging thereof, with a peece of ground on the north part of the Quire, 21.
foot, in length, 17. foot, in bredth, & 3. inches, & on the south side the
Quire, one foot of the common soyle: There bee no monuments in this church of any
account, onely William Combarton Skinner, who gaue lands to that church, was there buri
ed, 1410. and Iohn Stone Taylor one of the Sheriffes 1464. was likewise buried there. On the south side of Walbrooke warde from Candlewicke streete, in the mid way betwixt Lon
don stone, and Walbrooke corner, is a little lane with a turne
pike in the middest thereof, and in the same a proper parish church called S. Mary Bothaw,
Parish church of S. Mary Bothaw.
or Boatehaw, by the Erber: this
church being neare vnto Downgate on the riuer of Thames, hath the addition of Boathaw or Boat haw,
of neare adioyning to an haw or yarde wherein of old time, boates were made, and
landed from Downgate to be mended, as may be
supposed, for other reason I finde none why it should be so called. Within this
Church, and the small Cloistrie adioyning, diuers noble men and persons of worship
haue beene buried, as appeareth both by Armes in the windowes, by the defaced
Tombes, and printe of plates torne vp and carried away, there remaine onely, of
Iohn West Esquier, buried there in the year 1408. Thomas
Huntley Esquier 1539. but his monument is defaced. The Erbar is an ancient place so called, but is not of Walbrooke warde, and therefore out of that lane, to Walbrooke corner, and then downe till ouer against the south corner of S. Iohns church vpon Walbrooke. And this is all that I can say of Walbrooke warde. It hath an Alderman, and his Deputy, common Counsellors eleuen, Con
stables, nine, Scauengers six, for the Wardmote inquest, thirteen and a Beadle, it is taxed to the fifeteene in London, to forty pound and in the Exchequer to thirty nine pound.
N3
182
DOwngate warde beginneth at the southend of
Walbrooke warde, ouer against the east corner of
S. Iohns Church, vpon Walbrooke, and
descen
deth on both the sides to Downgate, on the Thames, and is so called of that downe going or descending thereunto: and of this Downgate the warde taketh name. This warde turneth into Thames street westwarde, some ten houses on a side, to the course of Walbrooke but east in Thames streete, on both sides to Ebgate or old swan, and o
uer against Cbgate the land side hath many lanes turning, as shal be shewed, but first, to begin with the high streete called Dow
gate at the vpper end thereof, is a fayre Conduite of Thames wa
ter, castellated, and made in the yeare 1568, at charges of the Citizens, and is called the Conduit vpon Downgate. The descent of this streete, from the said Conduite to the watergate, called Downgate, is such that in the yere 1574. on the fourth of Sep
tember in the afternoon there fell a storme of raine, where through the channels suddenly arose, and ran with such a swift course to
wards the common Shores, that a lad of 18. yeres old
cond yeare of Edwarde the fourth. Somewhat lower standeth the Skinners hall, a very fayre house, also which was sometime called Copped hall
deth on both the sides to Downgate, on the Thames, and is so called of that downe going or descending thereunto: and of this Downgate the warde taketh name. This warde turneth into Thames street westwarde, some ten houses on a side, to the course of Walbrooke but east in Thames streete, on both sides to Ebgate or old swan, and o
uer against Cbgate the land side hath many lanes turning, as shal be shewed, but first, to begin with the high streete called Dow
gate at the vpper end thereof, is a fayre Conduite of Thames wa
ter, castellated, and made in the yeare 1568, at charges of the Citizens, and is called the Conduit vpon Downgate. The descent of this streete, from the said Conduite to the watergate, called Downgate, is such that in the yere 1574. on the fourth of Sep
tember in the afternoon there fell a storme of raine, where through the channels suddenly arose, and ran with such a swift course to
wards the common Shores, that a lad of 18. yeres old
A lad of 18. yeares olde drowned in
the chennell
minding to haue leapt ouer ye channel near vnto the said
Conduite was taken with the stream, & carried from thence towards the Thames with such a violence that no man with
staues, or otherwise could stay him, till he came against a cart wheele, that
stoode in the saide water gate, before which time he was drowned, & starke
dead. On the west side of this streete, is the Tallow
Chandlers hall, a very proper house, which Companie was incorporated in
the second yeare of Edwarde the fourth. Somewhat lower standeth the Skinners hall, a very fayre house, also which was sometime called Copped hall
Copped hall now Skinners hall.
by Downgate in
theparish of S, Iohn vppon Walbrooke. In
the 19. yeare of Edwarde
the second, Ralph Cobham possessed it with fiue shops,
&c.
Then was there a Colledge of Priests called Ihesus
Commons,
a house well furnished with brasse, pewter, napery
plate, &c. be
sides a fayre Library well stored with bookes, all which of olde
mons there, and as one left his place by death, or otherwise, an other should be admitted into his roome, but this order within this thirty yeares being discontinued, the saide house was dissol
ued, and turned to Tenementes.
sides a fayre Library well stored with bookes, all which of olde
time
183
time was
giuen to a number of Priestes, that should kéepe commons there, and as one left his place by death, or otherwise, an other should be admitted into his roome, but this order within this thirty yeares being discontinued, the saide house was dissol
ued, and turned to Tenementes.
Down lower haue ye Elbow lane,
and at the
corner therof was one great stone house, called Olde
hall, it is now taken downe, and diuers fayre houses of Timber placed
there, this was sometime pertayning to VVilliam de pont le arch,
and by him
giuen to the Priorie of S. Mary Ouery in
Southwarke, in the raigne of Henry the first. In this Elbow lane is the Inholders hall,
and other fayre houses: this lane runneth west, and
sudden
ly turneth south into Thames street, and therefore of that ben
ding is called Elbow lane. On the east side of this Downgate streete, is the great olde house, before spokn of, called the Erber, neare to the Church of S. Mary Bothaw, Geffery Scroope held it, by the gift of Edward the third, in the fourteenth of his raigne, it belonged since to Iohn Neuell Lord of Raby, then to Richard Neuell Earle of Warwicke, Neuell, Earle of Salis
bery was lodged there, 1457. then it came to George Duke of Clarence, by the gift of Edwarde the fourth, in the fourteenth of his raigne, it was lately new builded by Sir Thomas Pullison Maior, and was afterwarde inhabited by Sir Frances Drake, that famous Warrier. Next to this great house, is a lane turning to Bush lane, (of olde time called Carter lane, of Carts, and Car men hauing stables there) and now called Chequer lane, or Chequer Alley, of an Inne called the Chequer.
ly turneth south into Thames street, and therefore of that ben
ding is called Elbow lane. On the east side of this Downgate streete, is the great olde house, before spokn of, called the Erber, neare to the Church of S. Mary Bothaw, Geffery Scroope held it, by the gift of Edward the third, in the fourteenth of his raigne, it belonged since to Iohn Neuell Lord of Raby, then to Richard Neuell Earle of Warwicke, Neuell, Earle of Salis
bery was lodged there, 1457. then it came to George Duke of Clarence, by the gift of Edwarde the fourth, in the fourteenth of his raigne, it was lately new builded by Sir Thomas Pullison Maior, and was afterwarde inhabited by Sir Frances Drake, that famous Warrier. Next to this great house, is a lane turning to Bush lane, (of olde time called Carter lane, of Carts, and Car men hauing stables there) and now called Chequer lane, or Chequer Alley, of an Inne called the Chequer.
In Thames streete, on the Thames side west from Downe
gate is Greenewitch lane of old time so called, and now Fryer lane of such a signe there set vp. In this lane is the Ioynars hall. and other fayre houses. Then is Granthams lane so called of Iohn Grantham somtime Maior and owner thereof, whose house was very large and strong, builded of ston, as appeareth by gates arched yet remaining, Ralph Dodmer, first a Brewer, then a Mercer Maior 1529. dwelled there, and kept his Maioralty, in that house, it is now a Brewhouse, as it was afore.
gate is Greenewitch lane of old time so called, and now Fryer lane of such a signe there set vp. In this lane is the Ioynars hall. and other fayre houses. Then is Granthams lane so called of Iohn Grantham somtime Maior and owner thereof, whose house was very large and strong, builded of ston, as appeareth by gates arched yet remaining, Ralph Dodmer, first a Brewer, then a Mercer Maior 1529. dwelled there, and kept his Maioralty, in that house, it is now a Brewhouse, as it was afore.
Then is Dowgate whereof is spoken in an other place.
East
sin that dwelled there, in the fourth of Richarde the second, as diuers his Predicessors, Father, Grandfather, &c. had done before him. William Cosin dwelling there, was one of the She
riffes, in the yeare, 1306. the 34. of Edwarde the 1. That house standeth at the south end of the lane, hauing an olde and artificiall conuayance of Thames water into it, and is now a Dyehouse called Lambardes messuageMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information. Adioyning to that house, there was lately erected an engine, to conuey Thames water vnto Down
gate Conduite aforesaide. Next to this lane on the East, is the Stele house, or Stele yarde
chahtes of Almaine, that vsed to bring hether, as well Wheate, Rie, and other graines, as Cables, Ropes, Mastes, Pitch, Tar, Flax, Hempe, Wainscotes, Wax, Steele, and other profitable marchandires: vnto these Marchantes, in the yeare 1259. Henry the thirde, in the 44. of his raigne, at the request of his brother Richarde Earle of Cornwell, king of Almaine, granted that all and singular the marchantes, hauing a house in the Citie of Lon
don, commonlie called Guilda Aula Theutonicorum, should be maintayned and vpholden through the whole Realm, by all such Freedomes, and free vsages, or Liberties, as by the king and his noble Progenitors time they had and inoyed, &c. Edwarde the first renewed and confirmed that Charter of Liberties, granted by his Father. And in the tenth yeare of the same Edward, Hen
ry Wales being Maior, a great contreuersie did arise betweene the saide Maior, and the marchantes of the Haunce of Almaine, a
bout the reparations of Bishopsgate then likely to fall, for that the saide marchantes enioyed, diuers Priuiledges, in respect of maintayning the saide gate, which they now denied to repaire: for the appeasing of which controuersie the king sent his writ to the Treasurer, and Barons of his Exchequer, commanding that they should make inquisition thereof, before whom the marchants being called, when they were not able to discharge themselues, sith they inioyed the liberties to them granted, for the same, a pre
cept was sent to the Maior, and Sheriffes, to distraine the saide marchantes, to make the reparasions, namely Gerard Marbod Alderman of the Hance, Ralph, de Cussarde a Citizen of Col
len,
ted 210. markes sterlinges, to the Maior and Citizens, and vn
dertooke that they and their successors should from time to time repayre the saide gate, and beare the thirde parte of the charges in money, and men to defend it when neede were, and for this agree
ment the saide Maior and Citizens granted to the saide marchants their liberties, which till of late they haue inioyed, as namely a
mongst other, that they might lay vp their grayne which they brought into this realme in Innes, & sell it in their garners, by the space of 40. daies after
dance, when the corne of this realme was at an easie price: where
vpon it was ordayned by parliament
most whereof is far bigger then the other, & is seldome opened, & the other two be mured vp, the same is now called the old hall.
from
N4
184
from this
Downgate, is Cosin
lane,
named of one William Cosin that dwelled there, in the fourth of Richarde the second, as diuers his Predicessors, Father, Grandfather, &c. had done before him. William Cosin dwelling there, was one of the She
riffes, in the yeare, 1306. the 34. of Edwarde the 1. That house standeth at the south end of the lane, hauing an olde and artificiall conuayance of Thames water into it, and is now a Dyehouse called Lambardes messuageMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information. Adioyning to that house, there was lately erected an engine, to conuey Thames water vnto Down
gate Conduite aforesaide. Next to this lane on the East, is the Stele house, or Stele yarde
Steleyarde for Marchātes of
Almaine.
(as they terme it) a place for Marchahtes of Almaine, that vsed to bring hether, as well Wheate, Rie, and other graines, as Cables, Ropes, Mastes, Pitch, Tar, Flax, Hempe, Wainscotes, Wax, Steele, and other profitable marchandires: vnto these Marchantes, in the yeare 1259. Henry the thirde, in the 44. of his raigne, at the request of his brother Richarde Earle of Cornwell, king of Almaine, granted that all and singular the marchantes, hauing a house in the Citie of Lon
don, commonlie called Guilda Aula Theutonicorum, should be maintayned and vpholden through the whole Realm, by all such Freedomes, and free vsages, or Liberties, as by the king and his noble Progenitors time they had and inoyed, &c. Edwarde the first renewed and confirmed that Charter of Liberties, granted by his Father. And in the tenth yeare of the same Edward, Hen
ry Wales being Maior, a great contreuersie did arise betweene the saide Maior, and the marchantes of the Haunce of Almaine, a
bout the reparations of Bishopsgate then likely to fall, for that the saide marchantes enioyed, diuers Priuiledges, in respect of maintayning the saide gate, which they now denied to repaire: for the appeasing of which controuersie the king sent his writ to the Treasurer, and Barons of his Exchequer, commanding that they should make inquisition thereof, before whom the marchants being called, when they were not able to discharge themselues, sith they inioyed the liberties to them granted, for the same, a pre
cept was sent to the Maior, and Sheriffes, to distraine the saide marchantes, to make the reparasions, namely Gerard Marbod Alderman of the Hance, Ralph, de Cussarde a Citizen of Col
len,
Len
185
Ludero de Deneuar, a Burges of Triuar, Iohn of Aras, a
Burges of Triuon, Bartram of Hamburdge, Gadestalke of
Hundondale, a Burges of Triuon, Iohn de Dele a Burges of
Munstar, then remaining in the saide Citie of London: for
them selues, and all other marchantes of the Haunce, and so they
granted 210. markes sterlinges, to the Maior and Citizens, and vn
dertooke that they and their successors should from time to time repayre the saide gate, and beare the thirde parte of the charges in money, and men to defend it when neede were, and for this agree
ment the saide Maior and Citizens granted to the saide marchants their liberties, which till of late they haue inioyed, as namely a
mongst other, that they might lay vp their grayne which they brought into this realme in Innes, & sell it in their garners, by the space of 40. daies after
Marchants of the Haunce of Almaine licē
sed to lay vp their corne in garners, but to sell it within 40. daies after.
they had laid it vp: except by the
Mayor & citizens they were expresly forbidden, because of dearth or other
reasonable occasions. Also they might haue their Alderman as they had béene
accustomed, foreséene alwaies that hee were of the citie, and presented to the
Mayor and Aldermen of the cittie so oft as any should bee chosen, and should take
an othe before them to maintaine iustice in their courts, and to behaue themselues
in their office according to law, and as it stoode with the customes of the citie.
Thus much for their priuiledges: whereby it appeareth that they were great
marchants of corne brought out of the east parts hether, in so much that the
occupiers of husbandry in this lande were enforced to complaine of them for
bringing in such abounsed to lay vp their corne in garners, but to sell it within 40. daies after.
dance, when the corne of this realme was at an easie price: where
vpon it was ordayned by parliament
Act of
Parlia
ment for corn brought from beyond seat.
that no person shoulde bring into any part of this realme,
by way of merchandise, any wheate, Rie, or Barlie, growing out of the said realme
at any time, when then the quarter of wheat exceeded not the price of vj.s̃.viij.ď.Rie iiij.s̃.the quarter,
& Barlie iij.s̃.the quarter, vpon forfeyture the one
halfe to the king, the other halfe to the seasor thereof. These
merchants of the Haunce had their Guildhall in Thames stréet in place aforesaid, by the saide Cosin lane. Their hall is large builded of stone with
three arched gates towardes the stréet, the middlement for corn brought from beyond seat.
most whereof is far bigger then the other, & is seldome opened, & the other two be mured vp, the same is now called the old hall.
Of later time to wit, in the 6.
of Richard the 2. they hired one
don in the 49. of Edward the 3. & in the 4. of Richard the 2. by the rebels of Kent, drawne out of that house, and beheaded in West Cheape: this also was a great house with a large wharfe on the Thames, and the way thereunto was called Windgoose or Wild
goose lane, which is now called Windgoose alley, for that the same alley is for the most part builded on by the stilyard marchants.
house
N5
186
house next
adioyning to their old hall, which sometime belonged to Richard Lions a
famous Lapidary, one of the Sheriffes of London in the 49. of Edward the 3. & in the 4. of Richard the 2. by the rebels of Kent, drawne out of that house, and beheaded in West Cheape: this also was a great house with a large wharfe on the Thames, and the way thereunto was called Windgoose or Wild
goose lane, which is now called Windgoose alley, for that the same alley is for the most part builded on by the stilyard marchants.
The Abbot of S. Albons had a messuage heere
with a Key gi
uen to him in the 34. of Henry the 6. Then is one other great house which sometime pertained to Iohn Reynwel Stockfishmon
ger Mayor, and it was by him giuen to the Mayor, and commu
naltie to the end that the profits thereof should be disposed in déedes of pietie: which house in the 15. of Edward the fourth, was confir
med vnto the said marchants in manner following vz.
ned by our soueraigne Lord and his parliament, that the said mer
chantes of Almaine, being of the company called the Guildhall Teutonicorū, that now be or hereafter shal be, shal haue hold and enioy to them and their successors for euer, the said place called, the stele house, yéelding to the Mayor and communalty an annual rent of 70. pound, 3. shillings, foure pence, &c.
uen to him in the 34. of Henry the 6. Then is one other great house which sometime pertained to Iohn Reynwel Stockfishmon
ger Mayor, and it was by him giuen to the Mayor, and commu
naltie to the end that the profits thereof should be disposed in déedes of pietie: which house in the 15. of Edward the fourth, was confir
med vnto the said marchants in manner following vz.
Pattent.
It is ordayned by our soueraigne Lord and his parliament, that the said mer
chantes of Almaine, being of the company called the Guildhall Teutonicorū, that now be or hereafter shal be, shal haue hold and enioy to them and their successors for euer, the said place called, the stele house, yéelding to the Mayor and communalty an annual rent of 70. pound, 3. shillings, foure pence, &c.
In the yeare 1551. and the fift of Edward the sixt through com
plaint of our English marchantes, the liberties of the stilyarde
plaint of our English marchantes, the liberties of the stilyarde
Stilyard put
downe.
marchants was seised into the kings hands, and so it
resteth.
Then is church lane,
at the
west end of Alhallows church cal
led Alhallowes the more
lowes ad foenum in the Ropery, because hay sold néere thereunto at hey wharse, and of ropes of olde time made or solde in the high street. This is a faire church with a large cloyster on the South side thereof about their churchyard, but foulely defaced & ruinated. The church also hath had many faire monuments, but now defa
ced: there remayneth in the quire some plates on graue stones on these persons, namely of William Lichfield, Doctor of Diuinity, who deceased the yeare 1447. he was a great student, and compi
led many books both morall and diuine, in prose and in verse, name
ly one intituled the complaint of God vnto sinfull man. He made in his time 3083. sermons, as appeared by his own hand writing,
taine tenements, to the reliefe of the poore &c. At the East ende of this church goeth downe a lane, called hey wharfe lane, now late
ly a gret brewhouse was builded there by one Pot: Henry Campi
on Esquire, a Béere brower vsed it, & so doth Abraham his sonne now possesseth it. Then was there one other lane sometime cal
led Wolses gate, now out of vse, for the lower part thereof vpon the bank of Thames is builded vpon by the late Earle of Shrews
bury, and the other end is builded on and stopped vp by the Cham
barlaine of London. Iohn Butler Draper one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1420. dwelled there: he appointed his house to be sold and the price therof to be giuen to the poore, it was of Alhallowes parish the lesse. Then is there the said parish church of Alhallows
deth on vaults: it is said to be builded by Sir Iohn Poultney some
times Mayor, the stéeple and quire of this Church standeth on an arched gate, being the entry to a great house called Colde Har
brough: the quire of late being fallen down, is now again at length in the yere 1594. by the parishioners new builded. Touching this Cold Harbrough, I find that in the 13. of Edward the 2. Sir Iohn Abel knight, demised or let vnto Henry Stow Draper all that his capitall messuage called the Colde Harbrough in the parish of Al
saints ad foenum, and all the purtenances within the gate, with the key which Robert Hartford citizen, sonne to William Hart
ford had, and ought, and the foresaid Robert paid for it the rent of 33.s̃. the yeare. This Robert Hartford being owner thereof, as also of other landes in Surrey, deceasing without issue male, left two daughters his coheires, to wit, Idonia, married to Rir 91 Raph Bigot, and Maude maried to Sir Stephen Cosenton knightes, betwéene whom the said house and lands were parted. After the which Iohn Bigot sonne to the said Sir Raph, and Sir Iohn Co
senton didsel their moities of Cold Harbrough vnto Iohn Poult
ney son of Adam Poultney the 8. of Edward the thirde. This Sir Iohn Poultney dwelling in this house, and being foure times Mayor, the said house tooke the name of Poultneyes Inne. Not
withstanding this Sir Iohn Poultney the 21. of Edward the 3.
brough, with all the tenements and key adioyning, & apurtenances sometime pertayning to Robert de Hereford, on the way called Hey wharfe lane &c. for one Rose at Midsomer, to him and to his heires for all seruices, if the same were demanded. This Sir Iohn Poultneydeceased 1349. and left issue by Margaret his wife, William Poultney, who died without issue, and Margaret his mother was maried to Sir Nicholas Louell knight &c. Phillip. S. Cleare gaue two messuages pertaining to this Cold Harbrough, in the Ropery, towards the inlarging of the parish church, and churchyard, of All saynts, called the lesse in the 20. of Richard the 2. In the yeare 1397. the 21. of Richard the 2. Iohn Hol
land Earle of Huntington was lodged there, and Richard the 2. his brother dined with him, but in the next yere following I find ye Edmond Earle of Cambridge had this house & was there lodged in the yeare 1398. notwithstanding the said house stil retained the name of Poultneyes Inne, in the raigne of Henry the 6. the 26. of his raigne, and not otherwise. It belonged fithence to H. Hol
land Duke of Excester, and hee was lodged there in the yeare 1472. In the yeare 1485. Richard the third by his letters Pat
tents granted and gaue to Iohn Writh, alias Garter, principall king of Armes of English men, and to the rest of the kinges Her
ralds and Pursiuantes of armes, all that messuage with the apur
tenances, called Cold Erber in the parish of All saints, the little in London, and to their successors for euer. Dated at Westminster the 2. of March, anno regni primo without fine or fée: how ye said Herralds departed therewith I haue not read, but in the raigne of H the eight. Cuthbert Tunstal Bishop of Durham, was lodged there, since the which time it hath belonged to the earls of Shrews
bury, by composition (as is supposed) from the saide Cuthbert Tunstall. The last deceased Earle tooke it down, & in place thereof builded a great number of smal tenements now letten out for great rents, to people of all sorts. Then is the Dyers Hall
therhood or Euild in the fourth of Henry the sixt and appointed to consist of a gardian or warden and a communalty the 12. of Ed
ward the 4. Then be there diuers large Brewhowses, and others till ye come to Ebgate lane, where that ward endeth in the East,
folke lane, likewise turning vp to Candlewicke street, in this lane is one notable Grammer schoole, founded in the yeare 1561. by the maister, wardens and assistants of the Merchantaylors, in the parish of Saint Laurence Poultney. Richard Hilles somtime maister of that company, hauing before giuen 500. pound towards the purchase of an house, called the Mannor of the Rose, sometime belonging to the Duke of Buckingham, wherin the said schoole is kept. Then is there one other lane which turneth vp to S. Lau
rence hill, and to the southwest corner of S. Laurence churchyard: then one other lane called Poultney lane, that goeth vp (of this warde) to the southeast corner of S. Laurence churchyard, and so downe again, and to the west corner of S. Martin Orgar lane, and ouer against Ebgate lane, and this is all of Downegate ward, the thirtéenth in number lying East, from the water course of Wal
brook, and hath not any one house of the west side of the said brook. It hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors nyne, Constables 8. Scauengers 5. for the Wardemote inquest 14. and Bedle, it is taxed to the fiftéene in London at 36. pound, and in the Exchequer at 34.£.10 s̃.
led Alhallowes the more
Parish
church of Alhallowes the more.
in Thames stréet, for a difference from Alhallowes the lesse in the same stréete: it
is also called Alhallowes ad foenum in the Ropery, because hay sold néere thereunto at hey wharse, and of ropes of olde time made or solde in the high street. This is a faire church with a large cloyster on the South side thereof about their churchyard, but foulely defaced & ruinated. The church also hath had many faire monuments, but now defa
ced: there remayneth in the quire some plates on graue stones on these persons, namely of William Lichfield, Doctor of Diuinity, who deceased the yeare 1447. he was a great student, and compi
led many books both morall and diuine, in prose and in verse, name
ly one intituled the complaint of God vnto sinfull man. He made in his time 3083. sermons, as appeared by his own hand writing,
and
187
and were
founde when hee was dead. One other plate there is of Iohn Brickles
Draper, who deceased in the yere 1451. he was a great
benefactor to that church, and gaue by his testament certaine tenements, to the reliefe of the poore &c. At the East ende of this church goeth downe a lane, called hey wharfe lane, now late
ly a gret brewhouse was builded there by one Pot: Henry Campi
on Esquire, a Béere brower vsed it, & so doth Abraham his sonne now possesseth it. Then was there one other lane sometime cal
led Wolses gate, now out of vse, for the lower part thereof vpon the bank of Thames is builded vpon by the late Earle of Shrews
bury, and the other end is builded on and stopped vp by the Cham
barlaine of London. Iohn Butler Draper one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1420. dwelled there: he appointed his house to be sold and the price therof to be giuen to the poore, it was of Alhallowes parish the lesse. Then is there the said parish church of Alhallows
Parish church of
Alhallowes the lesse.
called the lesse, and by some Alhallowes on the sellers, for it standeth on vaults: it is said to be builded by Sir Iohn Poultney some
times Mayor, the stéeple and quire of this Church standeth on an arched gate, being the entry to a great house called Colde Har
brough: the quire of late being fallen down, is now again at length in the yere 1594. by the parishioners new builded. Touching this Cold Harbrough, I find that in the 13. of Edward the 2. Sir Iohn Abel knight, demised or let vnto Henry Stow Draper all that his capitall messuage called the Colde Harbrough in the parish of Al
saints ad foenum, and all the purtenances within the gate, with the key which Robert Hartford citizen, sonne to William Hart
ford had, and ought, and the foresaid Robert paid for it the rent of 33.s̃. the yeare. This Robert Hartford being owner thereof, as also of other landes in Surrey, deceasing without issue male, left two daughters his coheires, to wit, Idonia, married to Rir 91 Raph Bigot, and Maude maried to Sir Stephen Cosenton knightes, betwéene whom the said house and lands were parted. After the which Iohn Bigot sonne to the said Sir Raph, and Sir Iohn Co
senton didsel their moities of Cold Harbrough vnto Iohn Poult
ney son of Adam Poultney the 8. of Edward the thirde. This Sir Iohn Poultney dwelling in this house, and being foure times Mayor, the said house tooke the name of Poultneyes Inne. Not
withstanding this Sir Iohn Poultney the 21. of Edward the 3.
by
188
by his
charter gaue and confirmed to Humfrey de Bohume earle of
Hereford and Essex, his whole tenement called Colde Harbrough, with all the tenements and key adioyning, & apurtenances sometime pertayning to Robert de Hereford, on the way called Hey wharfe lane &c. for one Rose at Midsomer, to him and to his heires for all seruices, if the same were demanded. This Sir Iohn Poultneydeceased 1349. and left issue by Margaret his wife, William Poultney, who died without issue, and Margaret his mother was maried to Sir Nicholas Louell knight &c. Phillip. S. Cleare gaue two messuages pertaining to this Cold Harbrough, in the Ropery, towards the inlarging of the parish church, and churchyard, of All saynts, called the lesse in the 20. of Richard the 2. In the yeare 1397. the 21. of Richard the 2. Iohn Hol
land Earle of Huntington was lodged there, and Richard the 2. his brother dined with him, but in the next yere following I find ye Edmond Earle of Cambridge had this house & was there lodged in the yeare 1398. notwithstanding the said house stil retained the name of Poultneyes Inne, in the raigne of Henry the 6. the 26. of his raigne, and not otherwise. It belonged fithence to H. Hol
land Duke of Excester, and hee was lodged there in the yeare 1472. In the yeare 1485. Richard the third by his letters Pat
tents granted and gaue to Iohn Writh, alias Garter, principall king of Armes of English men, and to the rest of the kinges Her
ralds and Pursiuantes of armes, all that messuage with the apur
tenances, called Cold Erber in the parish of All saints, the little in London, and to their successors for euer. Dated at Westminster the 2. of March, anno regni primo without fine or fée: how ye said Herralds departed therewith I haue not read, but in the raigne of H the eight. Cuthbert Tunstal Bishop of Durham, was lodged there, since the which time it hath belonged to the earls of Shrews
bury, by composition (as is supposed) from the saide Cuthbert Tunstall. The last deceased Earle tooke it down, & in place thereof builded a great number of smal tenements now letten out for great rents, to people of all sorts. Then is the Dyers Hall
The
Diers hall.
made a brotherhood or Euild in the fourth of Henry the sixt and appointed to consist of a gardian or warden and a communalty the 12. of Ed
ward the 4. Then be there diuers large Brewhowses, and others till ye come to Ebgate lane, where that ward endeth in the East,
On
189
On the North
side of Thames street be diuers lanes also, the
first is at the south ende of Elbow lane, before
spoken of, West from Downegate, ouer against Gréenwich lane: then bee diuers faire houses for
merchants and others all along that side. The next lane east from
Downegate is called Bush
lane,
which turneth vp to Candlewicke
stréete, and is of Downegate warde. Next is
Suffolke lane, likewise turning vp to Candlewicke street, in this lane is one notable Grammer schoole, founded in the yeare 1561. by the maister, wardens and assistants of the Merchantaylors, in the parish of Saint Laurence Poultney. Richard Hilles somtime maister of that company, hauing before giuen 500. pound towards the purchase of an house, called the Mannor of the Rose, sometime belonging to the Duke of Buckingham, wherin the said schoole is kept. Then is there one other lane which turneth vp to S. Lau
rence hill, and to the southwest corner of S. Laurence churchyard: then one other lane called Poultney lane, that goeth vp (of this warde) to the southeast corner of S. Laurence churchyard, and so downe again, and to the west corner of S. Martin Orgar lane, and ouer against Ebgate lane, and this is all of Downegate ward, the thirtéenth in number lying East, from the water course of Wal
brook, and hath not any one house of the west side of the said brook. It hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors nyne, Constables 8. Scauengers 5. for the Wardemote inquest 14. and Bedle, it is taxed to the fiftéene in London at 36. pound, and in the Exchequer at 34.£.10 s̃.
NOw I am to speake of the other wards, twelue in number, all lying on the west
side of the course of Walbrooke: and first of the
Vintry ward,
so called of
Uintners, and of the Uintrie, a part of
the banke of the Riuer of Thames, where the
merchantes of Burdeaux craned their wines, out of Lighters,
and other vesselles, and there landed and made sale of them within fortie daies
after, vntill the 28. of Edward the
first, at which time the saide merchantes com
plained that they could not sell their wines, paying poundage, nei
ther
thams lane, on the Thames side, and at Elbow lane on the lande side: it runneth along in Thames stréete west, some thrée houses beyond the old Swan, a Brewhouse on the Thames side, and on the land side some thrée houses west, beyond S. Iames at Garlicke Hith. In breadth this ward stretcheth from the Uintrie North to the wall of the West gate of the Tower Royall: the other North part is of Cordwayner stréete Warde. Out of this Roy
all streete by the South gate of Tower Royall runneth a small stréete, east to S. Iohns vpon Walbrooke, which stréete is called Horshewbridge, of such a bridge sometime ouer the brooke there, which is now vaulted ouer. Then from the said south gate west, runneth one other stréete, called Knightriders stréete, by S. Tho
mas Apostles church, on the north side, and Wringwren lane, by the said church, at the west end thereof, and to the East end of the Trinitie Church, in the said Knightriders street, where this ward endeth, on that south side the stréet: but on the north side it runneth no farther then the corner against the new builded Tauerne, and other houses, in a plot of ground, where somtime stoode Ormond place, yet haue yee one other lane lower downe in Royall stréete, stretching from ouer against S. Michæls church, to, and by the North side of S. Iames Church by Garlike Hith, this is called Ke
rion lane, and thus much for the boundes of Uintrie ward. Now on the Thames side west from Granthams lane, haue ye Herber
ted Tauerne lane, of the Tauerne being painted. Then next ouer against S. Martins church, is a large house builded of stone, and timber with vaults for the stowage of wines, & is called the Uin
try.
tins church. Next is Brode lane for that the same is broder for the passage of carts, from the Uintry wharfe, then bee the other lanes. At the Northwest corner of this lane, is the parish clearks hall, lately by them purchased, since they lost their old hall in Bi
shopsgate stréet. Next is Spittle lane of old time so called, since Stodies lane of the owner thereof, named Stodie. Sir Iohn Sto
die Uintner Mayor in the yeare 1357. gaue it with all the Qua
drant, wherein Uintners hall
selues a faire hall there, and also 13. Almes houses, for 13. poore people, which are kept of charitie, rent frée. These Uintners as well Englishmen as strangers borne, were of old time great Bur
deaux merchants, of Gascoyne
ginald at Conduct, Iohn Oxenford, Henry Picard that feasted the kings of England, France, Scotland, & Ciprus. Iohn Studie that gaue Stodios lane to the Uintners: the foure last were May
ors in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, and yet Gascoine wines were then to be sold at London, not aboue iiij.pence, nor Reynish wine aboue sixe pence the gallon. William More Uintner May
or, in the raigne of Richard the second. In the raigne of Henry the fourth, the young prince Henry, Thomas Duke of Clarence,
plained that they could not sell their wines, paying poundage, nei
ther
ther
19092
ther hire
houses or sellers to lay them in, and it was redressed by vertue of the kings
writ, directed to the Mayor and Sheriffes of London, dated at Carla
Veroke (or Carlile) since the which time many fair & large
houses with vaults & sellers for stowage of wines and lodging of the
Burdeaux merchants haue been builded in place, where before time were
Cookes houses: for Fitzstephen in the raigne of Henry the 2.
writeth, that vpon the riuers side, betwéene the wine in shippes, and the wine to
be sold in tauernes, was a common cookerie or cookes row. &c. as in another
place I haue set downe: whereby it appeareth that in those daies (and till of late
time) euery man liued by his professed trade,
Euery man li
ued by his se
uerall profes
sed trade.
not any one interrupting an other.
The cookes dressed meate, and sold no wine, and the
Tauerner sold wine, and dressed no meat for sale &c. This warde
beginneth in the East, at the west end of Downgate
ward, as the water course of Walbrooke
parteth them, to wit at Granued by his se
uerall profes
sed trade.
thams lane, on the Thames side, and at Elbow lane on the lande side: it runneth along in Thames stréete west, some thrée houses beyond the old Swan, a Brewhouse on the Thames side, and on the land side some thrée houses west, beyond S. Iames at Garlicke Hith. In breadth this ward stretcheth from the Uintrie North to the wall of the West gate of the Tower Royall: the other North part is of Cordwayner stréete Warde. Out of this Roy
all streete by the South gate of Tower Royall runneth a small stréete, east to S. Iohns vpon Walbrooke, which stréete is called Horshewbridge, of such a bridge sometime ouer the brooke there, which is now vaulted ouer. Then from the said south gate west, runneth one other stréete, called Knightriders stréete, by S. Tho
mas Apostles church, on the north side, and Wringwren lane, by the said church, at the west end thereof, and to the East end of the Trinitie Church, in the said Knightriders street, where this ward endeth, on that south side the stréet: but on the north side it runneth no farther then the corner against the new builded Tauerne, and other houses, in a plot of ground, where somtime stoode Ormond place, yet haue yee one other lane lower downe in Royall stréete, stretching from ouer against S. Michæls church, to, and by the North side of S. Iames Church by Garlike Hith, this is called Ke
rion lane, and thus much for the boundes of Uintrie ward. Now on the Thames side west from Granthams lane, haue ye Herber
lane
19193
or Brikels lane, so called of Iohn Brikels,
sometime owner thereof. Then is Simpsons lane of one
Simpson, or Emperors head lane of such a
signe: then the thrée Cranes lane,
so called not onely of a signe of 3. Cranes, at a Tauerne
dore, but rather of 3. strong Cranes of timber, placed on the Uintrie wharfe by the Thames side, to crane vp wines there, as is afore shewed: this lane was
of old time, to wit, the 9.
of Richard the 2. called painted Tauerne lane, of the Tauerne being painted. Then next ouer against S. Martins church, is a large house builded of stone, and timber with vaults for the stowage of wines, & is called the Uin
try.
The Vintrie. Record
There dwelled Iohn Gisers Uintner, Mayor of London and
Constable of the Tower, and then was Henry
Picard Uintner, Mayor. In this house Henry Picard feasted 4.
kinges in one day (as in my Summarie I haue shewed.) Then next is Uanners lane, so called of one Vannar
that was owner thereof, it
is now called church lane, of the comming vp from
the wharfe to S. Martins church. Next is Brode lane for that the same is broder for the passage of carts, from the Uintry wharfe, then bee the other lanes. At the Northwest corner of this lane, is the parish clearks hall, lately by them purchased, since they lost their old hall in Bi
shopsgate stréet. Next is Spittle lane of old time so called, since Stodies lane of the owner thereof, named Stodie. Sir Iohn Sto
die Uintner Mayor in the yeare 1357. gaue it with all the Qua
drant, wherein Uintners hall
The Vintners hall.
now
standeth, with the tenements round about vnto the
Uintners: the Uintners builded for themselues a faire hall there, and also 13. Almes houses, for 13. poore people, which are kept of charitie, rent frée. These Uintners as well Englishmen as strangers borne, were of old time great Bur
deaux merchants, of Gascoyne
Burdeaux Merchants Gascoin wine 4. pence the
gallon.
& French wines, diuers of them were Mayors of this cittie,
namely Iohn Adrian Uintner, Reginald at Conduct, Iohn Oxenford, Henry Picard that feasted the kings of England, France, Scotland, & Ciprus. Iohn Studie that gaue Stodios lane to the Uintners: the foure last were May
ors in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, and yet Gascoine wines were then to be sold at London, not aboue iiij.pence, nor Reynish wine aboue sixe pence the gallon. William More Uintner May
or, in the raigne of Richard the second. In the raigne of Henry the fourth, the young prince Henry, Thomas Duke of Clarence,
Iohn
192
Iohn Duke of Bedford, and Humfrey Duke of
Glocester, the kings sonnes, being at supper amongst the merchants of
London in the vintrie, in the house of Lewes Iohn, Henry
Schogan
sent to them a ballad
beginning thus.
My noble sonnes and eke my Lords deare,
I your father, called vnworthely,
Send vnto you, this ballad following here,
Written with mine owne hande full rudely,
Although it be that I not reuerently
Haue written to your estates, I you pray
Mine vncunning, taketh benignely,
For Gods sake, and hearken what I say.
Then follow of verse 23. staues, containing a persuasion from losing of time,
follily in lust, & vice, but to spend the same in vertue and in godlines, as
ye may reade in Geffrey Chawcer
ers that retailed by the gallons, pottell, quart, and pynte, were all incorporated by the name of wine tunners,
Chaucer, fol. 334. & 335.
his works
lately printed. The successors of those Uintners and wine Drawers that retailed by the gallons, pottell, quart, and pynte, were all incorporated by the name of wine tunners,
Wine tunners incorporated the 15. of H. the
sixt.
in the 15. of Henry the sixt. Hauing thus much not without trauaile,
& some charges noted for the antiquitie of these Uintners,
The Vintoners one of the 12.
principall companies The readiest to speake not alwaies the wisest men.
about two yeares since or more I repayred to the common hall of that company, and
there shewed, and read it in a court of Assistance, requiring them as being one of
the principall companies in this cittie (of whome I meant therfore to write the
more at large) if they knew any more which might sound to their worship or
commendation, at their leysure to send it me, and I wold ioyne it to my former
collection: at which time I was answered by some that tooke vpon them the speech,
that they were none of the principall, but of the inferiour companies, and so
willing me to leaue them I departed, and neuer since heard from them, which hath
somewhat discouraged me any farther to trauail amongst the companies to learne
ought at their hands. Next is Palmers lane nowe
called Anchor lane:
the plummers haue their hal
there, but are tennants to the Uintners. Then is Worcester house,
sometimes belonging to the Earles of Worcester, nowe diuided into many
tenementes. Then is the Old swanne,
a great
Brewhouse: And this is all on the Thames side, that
I can note in this ward.
On the land side in the royall stréete is Pater noster lane,
pater noster lane.
and
the
193
the faire
parish church of S. Michæl called Pater noster church in the Royal: this church
was new builded and made a colledge of S. Spirit, and S. Mary,
founded by Richard Whittington Mercer, 4. times Mayor, for a maister, 4.
fellowes maisters of Art, clearks, conducts, chorists, &c. and an almes house
called Gods house, or hospitall
for thirtéene poore men, one of them to be
Tutor, and to haue xvj.ď.the wéek the other twelue each of them to haue xiiij.ď.
the wéeke for euer, with other necessary prouisions, an hutch with thrée lockes, a
common seale &c.
These were (as the manner was then) bound to pray for the good estate of
Richard Whitington, and Alice his wife their founders, and
for Sir William Whitington knight, and Dame Ioan his wife, and
for Hugh Fitzwaren, and Dame Molde his wife, the fathers and
mothers of the saide Richard Whitington, and Alice his wife, for
king Richarde the second, and Thomas of Wodstocke Duke
of Glocester, speciall Lordes and Promo
ters of the saide Richarde Whitington, &c. The licence for this foundation was granted by king Henry the fourth the eleuenth of his raigne, and in ye twelfth of the same kings raigne, the Maior and Commonalty of London, granted to Richarde Whitington a vacant peece of ground, thereon to builde his Colledge in the Royall, all which was confirmed by Henry the sixt, the thirde of his raigne, to Iohn Couentrie, Ienkin Carpenter, and William Groue Executors to Richard VVhitington. This foundation was againe confirmed by Parliament, the tenth of Henry the 6 and was suppressed by the statute of Edwarde the 6.
ters of the saide Richarde Whitington, &c. The licence for this foundation was granted by king Henry the fourth the eleuenth of his raigne, and in ye twelfth of the same kings raigne, the Maior and Commonalty of London, granted to Richarde Whitington a vacant peece of ground, thereon to builde his Colledge in the Royall, all which was confirmed by Henry the sixt, the thirde of his raigne, to Iohn Couentrie, Ienkin Carpenter, and William Groue Executors to Richard VVhitington. This foundation was againe confirmed by Parliament, the tenth of Henry the 6 and was suppressed by the statute of Edwarde the 6.
The Almsehouses with the poore men do remaine, and are paide by the
Mercers, this Richarde Whitington,
led of his Leaden sheete, and againe the second time to bee buried: and in the raign of Queene Mary, the parishioners were forced to take him vp to lap him in leade as afore to bury him the thirde time, and to place his monument, or the like ouer him againe, which remaineth and so hee resteth. Thomas Windford Alder
man, was buried in this Church, 1448. Arnold Macknam
ter to Sir Iohu Yong, first maried to Robert Sherington, after to Robert Mulleneux, then to VVilliam Cheyney94 Esqui
er, Iohn Hauing Gentleman, William Roswel Esquier, Wil
liam Postar Clarke of the Crowne, 1520. Sir William Bayly Draper Maior, 1533. with Dame Katheren his wife, leauing xvi. children. Iohn Heydon mercer, Sheriffe 1582. who gaue Legacies to the thirteene Almes men, and otherwise for a Lecture
Richarde whi
tington thrise buried.
was in this Church three times buried first by his
Executors vnder a fayre monument, then in the raigne of Edwarde the 6. the Parson of that Church thinking
some great riches (as he saide) to be buried with him, caused his monument to be
broken, his body to bee spoitington thrise buried.
led of his Leaden sheete, and againe the second time to bee buried: and in the raign of Queene Mary, the parishioners were forced to take him vp to lap him in leade as afore to bury him the thirde time, and to place his monument, or the like ouer him againe, which remaineth and so hee resteth. Thomas Windford Alder
man, was buried in this Church, 1448. Arnold Macknam
Uintener
O
194
Uintener, a
merchant of Burdious. 1457. Sir Hacre Tanke, or
Hartancleux knight of the Garter, Sir Edmond Mulshew knight,
neare to Thomas Cokham Recorder of London, the Lady
Kyme, Sir William Oldhall knight, 1460. William
Barnocke, Sir Iohn Yong Grocer Maier, 1466. Agnes
daughter to Sir Iohu Yong, first maried to Robert Sherington, after to Robert Mulleneux, then to VVilliam Cheyney94 Esqui
er, Iohn Hauing Gentleman, William Roswel Esquier, Wil
liam Postar Clarke of the Crowne, 1520. Sir William Bayly Draper Maior, 1533. with Dame Katheren his wife, leauing xvi. children. Iohn Heydon mercer, Sheriffe 1582. who gaue Legacies to the thirteene Almes men, and otherwise for a Lecture
At the vpper end of this streete, is the Tower
Royall,
where
of that streete taketh name, this Tower and great place was so called of pertayning to the kinges of this Realme, but by whome the same was first builded, or of what antiquity the same hath con
tinued, I haue not read more then that in the raigne of Edwarde the first, the 2. 4. and 7. yeares, it was the Tenement of Symon Beawmes, also that in the 36. of Edwarde the 3. the same was called the Royall in the parish of S. Michæll de pater noster, & that in the 43. of his raigne, he gaue it by the name of his Inne,
ding in the raigne of Richarde the 2. it was called the Queenes Wardrope, as appeareth by this that followeth: king Richarde hauing in Smithfielde ouercome and dispersed his Rebels, hee, his Lordes and all his Companie, entred the Citie of London, with great ioy, and went to the Lady Princesse his mother, who was then lodged in the Tower Royall, called the Queenes Wardrope where shee had remained three daies, and two nightes, right sore abashed: but when shee saw the king her sonne, shee was greatlie reioyced and saide. Ah sonne, what greate sorrow haue I suffe
red for you this day. The king answered and saide, certainely Madam, I know it well, but now reioyce and thanke God, for I haue this day, recouered mine heritage, and the Realme of Eng
land which I had neare hand lost.
of that streete taketh name, this Tower and great place was so called of pertayning to the kinges of this Realme, but by whome the same was first builded, or of what antiquity the same hath con
tinued, I haue not read more then that in the raigne of Edwarde the first, the 2. 4. and 7. yeares, it was the Tenement of Symon Beawmes, also that in the 36. of Edwarde the 3. the same was called the Royall in the parish of S. Michæll de pater noster, & that in the 43. of his raigne, he gaue it by the name of his Inne,
Frosarde.
called the Royall, in the citie of London,
in value xx.l.by yeare, vnto his Colledge of S. Stephen at Westminster:
notwithstanding in the raigne of Richarde the 2. it was called the Queenes Wardrope, as appeareth by this that followeth: king Richarde hauing in Smithfielde ouercome and dispersed his Rebels, hee, his Lordes and all his Companie, entred the Citie of London, with great ioy, and went to the Lady Princesse his mother, who was then lodged in the Tower Royall, called the Queenes Wardrope where shee had remained three daies, and two nightes, right sore abashed: but when shee saw the king her sonne, shee was greatlie reioyced and saide. Ah sonne, what greate sorrow haue I suffe
red for you this day. The king answered and saide, certainely Madam, I know it well, but now reioyce and thanke God, for I haue this day, recouered mine heritage, and the Realme of Eng
land which I had neare hand lost.
This Tower seemeth to haue beene at that time of good de
fence, for when the Rebels had beset the Tower of Loudon 95, and got possession thereof, taking from thence whome they listed, as
ned safe as yee haue heard: and it may bee also supposed that the king himselfe was at that time lodged there. I read that in the yeare 1386. Lyon king of Armonie, being chased out of his Realme, by the Tartarians, receiued innumerable giftes of the King,
sand poundes by yeare during his life, this for proofe may suffice, that kinges of England haue beene lodged in this Tower, though the same of later time hath beene neglected, and turned into sta
bling, for the kinges horses, and now letten out to diuers men, and deuided into Tenementes. In Horsebridge streete, is the Cutlers hall, which sometime belonged to Simon Dolesley Gro
cer Maior, in the yeare 1359, they of this Company, were of olde time deuided into three artes, or sortes of Workemen, to wit, the first were Smithes, Forgers of Blades, and therefore called Bladers, and diuers of them prooued welthie men, as namelie, Walter Nele, Blader,
twixt Newgate and Wicombe, Aldgate and Chelmessorde, Bi
shopsgate and Ware, Southwarke and Rochester, &c. The secōd, were makers of Haftes,
fence, for when the Rebels had beset the Tower of Loudon 95, and got possession thereof, taking from thence whome they listed, as
in
195
in mine Anales
I haue shewed, the princesse being forced to flye came to this Tower Royall, where shee was lodged and remained safe as yee haue heard: and it may bee also supposed that the king himselfe was at that time lodged there. I read that in the yeare 1386. Lyon king of Armonie, being chased out of his Realme, by the Tartarians, receiued innumerable giftes of the King,
King Richard lodged in the Tower
Royall
and of his Nobles, the king then lying in the Royall: where hee also granted to the said king of
Armonie, a Charter of a thousand poundes by yeare during his life, this for proofe may suffice, that kinges of England haue beene lodged in this Tower, though the same of later time hath beene neglected, and turned into sta
bling, for the kinges horses, and now letten out to diuers men, and deuided into Tenementes. In Horsebridge streete, is the Cutlers hall, which sometime belonged to Simon Dolesley Gro
cer Maior, in the yeare 1359, they of this Company, were of olde time deuided into three artes, or sortes of Workemen, to wit, the first were Smithes, Forgers of Blades, and therefore called Bladers, and diuers of them prooued welthie men, as namelie, Walter Nele, Blader,
Bladers or BladeSmithes
one of the
Sheriffes, the 12, of Edwarde the
thirde, deceased 1352. and buried in S. Iames Garlicke
hith: hee left landes to the mending of high waies, aboute
London, betwixt Newgate and Wicombe, Aldgate and Chelmessorde, Bi
shopsgate and Ware, Southwarke and Rochester, &c. The secōd, were makers of Haftes,
Haftemakers.
and
otherwise garnishers of Blades, the thirde sort, were
sheathmakers,
Shethmakers.
for swordes, Daggers and kniues. In the 10. of Henry the 4. certaine ordinances were made betwixt the
Bladers, and the other Cutlars, and in the 4. of Henry the
6. they were all three Companies, drawne into one Fraternitie, or
Brotherhoode, by the name of Cutlars.
Then is Knight ridars streete,
so
called (as is supposed) of Knightes well armed and mounted, at the Tower Royall, riding from thence through that streete,
west, to Creede lane, and so out at Ludgate, towardes Smithfield, when they were there to tur
ney, Iust, or otherwise to shew their Actiui96ties before the king & states of the Realme. In this streete is the Parish church of S. Thomas Thapostle,
maine, had also a Chantry there, about 1396. Fitzwilliams al
so a Benefactor, had a Chantry there, more Sir William Littles
bery, alias Horne, (for king Edwarde the fourth so named him) because he was a most excellent Blower in a horne, hee was a Salter, and Marchant of the staple, Mayor of London in the yeare 1487 and was buried in this church hauing appointed by his testa
ment the bels to be changed for 4. new bels of good tune and sound, but that was not performed: he gaue 500. marks to the repairing of high waies, betwixt London and Cambridge, his dwelling house, with the garden, and appurtenances in the saide parish, hee deuised to be solde, and bestowed in charitable actions, as his exe
cutors, would answere before God: his house called the George in Bredstreete, hee gaue to the Saltars, they to finde a Priest in the saide Church, to haue six pound thirteen shillinges foure pence the yeare, to euery Preacher at Paules Crosse, and at the Spittle foure pence, for euer, to the Prisoners of Newgate, Ludgate, Marshalsey, and kinges Bench, in victuailes ten shillinges at Christmas, and ten shillinges at Easter for euer which are not performed. Iohn Martin Butcher, one of the Sheriffes was buried there, 1533. &c. Then west from the saide Church on the same side, was one great messuage, sometime called Ipris Inne, so called of William of Ipres a Flemming the first builder thereof. This William was called out of Flanders, with a number of Flemminges to the aide of king Stephen, against Maude the Empresse, in the yeare 1138. and grew in fauour with the saide king, for his seruice, so farre that he builded this his house, neare vnto Towre royal,
ney, Iust, or otherwise to shew their Actiui96ties before the king & states of the Realme. In this streete is the Parish church of S. Thomas Thapostle,
Parish church of S. Thomas the
Apostle.
by Wringwren lane,
a proper church, but monumentes of antiquity bee there none,
left vndefaced, except some Armes in the Windowes, as also in the stone worke,
which
some
O2
196
some suppose to
be the Armes of Iohn Barnes Mercer, Maior of London, in the
yeare 1371. Henry Causton Marchant, was a Benefactor,
and had a Chantry, there about 1396. Thomas Romaine, had also a Chantry there, about 1396. Fitzwilliams al
so a Benefactor, had a Chantry there, more Sir William Littles
bery, alias Horne, (for king Edwarde the fourth so named him) because he was a most excellent Blower in a horne, hee was a Salter, and Marchant of the staple, Mayor of London in the yeare 1487 and was buried in this church hauing appointed by his testa
ment the bels to be changed for 4. new bels of good tune and sound, but that was not performed: he gaue 500. marks to the repairing of high waies, betwixt London and Cambridge, his dwelling house, with the garden, and appurtenances in the saide parish, hee deuised to be solde, and bestowed in charitable actions, as his exe
cutors, would answere before God: his house called the George in Bredstreete, hee gaue to the Saltars, they to finde a Priest in the saide Church, to haue six pound thirteen shillinges foure pence the yeare, to euery Preacher at Paules Crosse, and at the Spittle foure pence, for euer, to the Prisoners of Newgate, Ludgate, Marshalsey, and kinges Bench, in victuailes ten shillinges at Christmas, and ten shillinges at Easter for euer which are not performed. Iohn Martin Butcher, one of the Sheriffes was buried there, 1533. &c. Then west from the saide Church on the same side, was one great messuage, sometime called Ipris Inne, so called of William of Ipres a Flemming the first builder thereof. This William was called out of Flanders, with a number of Flemminges to the aide of king Stephen, against Maude the Empresse, in the yeare 1138. and grew in fauour with the saide king, for his seruice, so farre that he builded this his house, neare vnto Towre royal,
King
Stephen lodgee in the Tower Royall.
in the which Tower it seemeth
the king was then lodged, as in the hart of the City, for his more safety.
Robert Earle of Glocester brother to the Empresse being ta
ken was committed to the custody of this VVilliam to bee kept in the Castle of Rochester, till king Stephen was also taken, and then the one was deliuered in exchange for the other, and both set free: this William of Ipres gaue Edredes Hith, now called the Queenes Hith, to the Prior and Chanons of the Holy Trinitie in London: hee founded the Abbey of Boxley, in Kent, &c. In
caster, and Henry Percy Marshall, (for causes shewed in my Annales) sought vp and downe, and could not finde them, for they were that day to dine with Iohn of Ipris at his Inne, which the Londoners wist not of, but thought the Duke and Marshall had beene at the Sauoy, and therefore, poasted thether: but one of the Dukes knightes seeing these thinges, came in great hast to the place where the Duke was, and after that hee had knocked and could not be let in, hee saide to Haueland the Porter, if thou loue my Lorde and thy life, open the gate, with which words hee got entry, and with great feare he tels the Duke, that without the gate were infinite numbers of armed men, and vnlesse he tooke greate heede, that day would be his last, with which wordes the Duke leapt so hastily from his Oisters, that he hurt both his legs against the forme: wine was offered, but he could not drinke for hast and so fled with his fellow Henry Persie out at a backe gate, and entering the Thames, neuer stayed rowing, vntill they came to a house neare the Mannor of KeningtonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information,
ken was committed to the custody of this VVilliam to bee kept in the Castle of Rochester, till king Stephen was also taken, and then the one was deliuered in exchange for the other, and both set free: this William of Ipres gaue Edredes Hith, now called the Queenes Hith, to the Prior and Chanons of the Holy Trinitie in London: hee founded the Abbey of Boxley, in Kent, &c. In
the
197
the first of
Henry the second, the said William with all the other
Flemminges, fearing the indignation of the new king departed the land, but it
seemeth that the saide William was shortly called backe againe, and
restored both to the kinges fauour, and to his olde possessions here, so that the
name and family continued long after in this realme, as may appeare by this which
followeth. In the yeare 1377, the 51
of Edwarde the thirde, the Citizens of London, minding
to haue destroyed Iohn of Gaunt D. of Lancaster, and Henry Percy Marshall, (for causes shewed in my Annales) sought vp and downe, and could not finde them, for they were that day to dine with Iohn of Ipris at his Inne, which the Londoners wist not of, but thought the Duke and Marshall had beene at the Sauoy, and therefore, poasted thether: but one of the Dukes knightes seeing these thinges, came in great hast to the place where the Duke was, and after that hee had knocked and could not be let in, hee saide to Haueland the Porter, if thou loue my Lorde and thy life, open the gate, with which words hee got entry, and with great feare he tels the Duke, that without the gate were infinite numbers of armed men, and vnlesse he tooke greate heede, that day would be his last, with which wordes the Duke leapt so hastily from his Oisters, that he hurt both his legs against the forme: wine was offered, but he could not drinke for hast and so fled with his fellow Henry Persie out at a backe gate, and entering the Thames, neuer stayed rowing, vntill they came to a house neare the Mannor of KeningtonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information,
KeningtonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information besides Lamb hith.
where at that time the
princesse lay, with Richarde the yong Prince, before whome hee made his
complaint, &c.
Send information besides Lamb hith.
Ouer against Ipres Inne in Knightriders streete, at the cor
ner towardes S, Iames, at Garlicke Hith, was sometime a great house builded of stone, and called Ormond place, for that it some
times belonged to the Earles of Ormonde, king Edwarde the fourth in the fift of his raigne, gaue to Elizabeth his wife, the Mannor of Greenewitch, with the Towne and Parke in the County of Kent, hee also gaue this Tenement called Ormonde place with all the appurtenances to the same, situate in the parish of S. Trinítie, in Knightridars streete in London, this house is now lately taken downe and diuers fayre Tenementes are buil
ded there, the corner house whereof is a Tauerne. Then low
er
time dwelling there. In this lane bee diuers fayre houses for Marchants, and amongst others is the Glasiars hall. At the south corner of Royall streete, is the fayre parish church of S. Martin, called in the Uintry,
mas his great mansion house, called Gisors hall in the parish of S. Mildred in Bredstreete, this Thomas had issue Iohn, and Thomas, Iohn made a Feofment, and solde Gisors hall, and o
ther his landes in London, about the yeare 1386. Thomas de
ceased 1395. Henry Venner,Bartilmew de la vauch, Tho
mas Cornwalles one of the Sheriffes 1384. Iohn Cornwalles Esquier, 1436 Iohn Mustrell Uintner, 1424. William Hod
son, William Castleton, Iohn Grey, Robert Dalusle Barbar, in the raign of Edward the 4, with this Epitaph.
ner towardes S, Iames, at Garlicke Hith, was sometime a great house builded of stone, and called Ormond place, for that it some
times belonged to the Earles of Ormonde, king Edwarde the fourth in the fift of his raigne, gaue to Elizabeth his wife, the Mannor of Greenewitch, with the Towne and Parke in the County of Kent, hee also gaue this Tenement called Ormonde place with all the appurtenances to the same, situate in the parish of S. Trinítie, in Knightridars streete in London, this house is now lately taken downe and diuers fayre Tenementes are buil
ded there, the corner house whereof is a Tauerne. Then low
er
er
O3
19897
er downe in
Royall streete, is Kerion lane,
of one Kerion somtime dwelling there. In this lane bee diuers fayre houses for Marchants, and amongst others is the Glasiars hall. At the south corner of Royall streete, is the fayre parish church of S. Martin, called in the Uintry,
parish church of S. Martin
in Vintry.
this Church was new builded about the yere
1399. by the Executors of Mathew Columbars a stranger born, a
Burdieur marchant, of Gascoyne, and French wines, his Armes remaine yet
in the East Window, and is betweene a Cheueron, 3. Columbins:
there lye buried in this church, Sir Iohn Gisors Maior, 1311.
Henry Gisors his sonne, 1343. and Iohn
Gisors his brother 1350. hee gaue to his sonne Thomas his great mansion house, called Gisors hall in the parish of S. Mildred in Bredstreete, this Thomas had issue Iohn, and Thomas, Iohn made a Feofment, and solde Gisors hall, and o
ther his landes in London, about the yeare 1386. Thomas de
ceased 1395. Henry Venner,Bartilmew de la vauch, Tho
mas Cornwalles one of the Sheriffes 1384. Iohn Cornwalles Esquier, 1436 Iohn Mustrell Uintner, 1424. William Hod
son, William Castleton, Iohn Grey, Robert Dalusle Barbar, in the raign of Edward the 4, with this Epitaph.
Epitaph
As flowers in fielde thus passeth life,
Naked then clothed fable in the end.
Christ them saue from power of the fiende.
Sir Ralph Austrie Fishmonger Maior, new roofed this Church
with timber, couered it with lead, and beutifully glased it, he deceased, 1494.
and was there buried, with his two wiues, Ralph Austrye his son gentleman
William Austrye and other of that name, Bartrand wife to
Grimond Descure Esquire, a Gas
coyne, and marchant of wines 1494, Thomas Batson, Allice Fowler, Daughter and heire to Iohn Howton, wife to Iohn Hulton, Iames Bartlet, and Alice his wife, VVilliam Fennor, Roger Cotton, Robert Stockar, Iohn Pemberton, Philip de Plasse, Iohn Stapleton, Iohn Mortimor, VVilliam Lee, Wil
liam Hamstede, &c.
coyne, and marchant of wines 1494, Thomas Batson, Allice Fowler, Daughter and heire to Iohn Howton, wife to Iohn Hulton, Iames Bartlet, and Alice his wife, VVilliam Fennor, Roger Cotton, Robert Stockar, Iohn Pemberton, Philip de Plasse, Iohn Stapleton, Iohn Mortimor, VVilliam Lee, Wil
liam Hamstede, &c.
Then is the parish Church of S. Iames,
riffes, 1326. is saide to be the builder: and lieth buried in the same, so was VValter Nele Blader one of the Sheriffes, 1337. Iohn of Oxenforde Uintenar Maior, 1341, Richarde Good
cheape, Iohn de Crissingham, and Iohn VVithers. Monu
mentes remaining there, Robert Gabeter Esquier, Mayor of Newcastle vpon Tine, 1310. Iohn Grisors, VVilliam Tilin
gham, Iohn Stanley, Nicholas Staha, Robert de Luton, 1361. Richarde Lions a famous marchant of wines, and a Lapidary, sometime one of the Sheriffes, beheaded in Cheape, by VVat Tyler, and other rebels in the yeare 1381. his picture of his graue stone very fayre and large, is with his hayre rounded by his eares, and curled, a little bearde forked, a gowne girt to him down to his feete, of branched damaske wrought with the likenes of flowers, a large purse on his right side hanging in a belt, from his left shoulder, a plaine whoode about his necke, kiuering his shoul
ders, and hanging backe behinde him. Sir Iohn Wrotch, Fish
monger Maior, 1361. deceased 1407. Thomas Stonarde of Oxfordshire, Iohn Bromar Fishmonger, Alderman, 1474. the lady Stanley, mother to the Lorde Strange, the Countise of Huntington, the Lady Harbart, the Lord Strange, Sir George Stanley, Gilbert Bouet, 1398. a Countis of Glocester , and one of her children, VVilliā More, Uintener Maior, 1395. VV. Venor Grocer Maior, 1389. Robert Chichley Maior, 1421. Iames Spencer Uintonar Maior 1543. &c. And thus an ende of Uintry warde, which hath an Alderman with a deputy, common Councellors nine, Constables nine, Scauengers foure, Ward
mote inquest foureteene and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in London, at six and thirty pound, and in the Exchequer at thirty fiue pound, fiue shillinges.
parish Church of S.
Iames Garlycke hith.
called at Garlicke
hith or Garlicke hiue, for that of olde
time on the banke, of the riuer of Thames, neare to
this Church Garlicke was vsually solde, this
is
19998
is
a proper church, whereof Richarde Rothing, one of the Sheriffes, 1326. is saide to be the builder: and lieth buried in the same, so was VValter Nele Blader one of the Sheriffes, 1337. Iohn of Oxenforde Uintenar Maior, 1341, Richarde Good
cheape, Iohn de Crissingham, and Iohn VVithers. Monu
mentes remaining there, Robert Gabeter Esquier, Mayor of Newcastle vpon Tine, 1310. Iohn Grisors, VVilliam Tilin
gham, Iohn Stanley, Nicholas Staha, Robert de Luton, 1361. Richarde Lions a famous marchant of wines, and a Lapidary, sometime one of the Sheriffes, beheaded in Cheape, by VVat Tyler, and other rebels in the yeare 1381. his picture of his graue stone very fayre and large, is with his hayre rounded by his eares, and curled, a little bearde forked, a gowne girt to him down to his feete, of branched damaske wrought with the likenes of flowers, a large purse on his right side hanging in a belt, from his left shoulder, a plaine whoode about his necke, kiuering his shoul
ders, and hanging backe behinde him. Sir Iohn Wrotch, Fish
monger Maior, 1361. deceased 1407. Thomas Stonarde of Oxfordshire, Iohn Bromar Fishmonger, Alderman, 1474. the lady Stanley, mother to the Lorde Strange, the Countise of Huntington, the Lady Harbart, the Lord Strange, Sir George Stanley, Gilbert Bouet, 1398. a Countis of Glocester , and one of her children, VVilliā More, Uintener Maior, 1395. VV. Venor Grocer Maior, 1389. Robert Chichley Maior, 1421. Iames Spencer Uintonar Maior 1543. &c. And thus an ende of Uintry warde, which hath an Alderman with a deputy, common Councellors nine, Constables nine, Scauengers foure, Ward
mote inquest foureteene and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in London, at six and thirty pound, and in the Exchequer at thirty fiue pound, fiue shillinges.
THe next is Cordwainer street warde,
taking that name of Cordwainers, or Shoemakers,
Curriars, and workers of Leather dwelling there: for it appeareth in
the records of H.the 6. the ninth of
his raign, that an order was ta
ken then for Cordwainers and curriars in
ken then for Cordwainers and curriars in
Corney
O4
200
Corney streete, and Sopars
lane.
This warde beginneth in the East, on the west side of Wal
brook, & runneth west through Budge Row (a street so called of the Budge Fur, and of Skinners dwelling there) then vp by Saint Anthonines church through Aetheling (or Noble streete) as Leyland termeth it, commonly called Wathling streete, to the Red Lyon, a place so called of a greate Lyon of Tymber placed there at a gate, entering to a large Court, wherein are diuers fayre and large shops well furnished with brode clothes, and o
ther draperies of all sortes to be solde, and this is the farthest west part of this warde.
brook, & runneth west through Budge Row (a street so called of the Budge Fur, and of Skinners dwelling there) then vp by Saint Anthonines church through Aetheling (or Noble streete) as Leyland termeth it, commonly called Wathling streete, to the Red Lyon, a place so called of a greate Lyon of Tymber placed there at a gate, entering to a large Court, wherein are diuers fayre and large shops well furnished with brode clothes, and o
ther draperies of all sortes to be solde, and this is the farthest west part of this warde.
On the South side of this streete from Budge Row,
lieth a lane turning downe by the west gate of the Tower
Royall, and to the south end of the stone wall, beyond the said gate is
of this ward, and is accounted a parte of the Royall
streete, against this west gate of the Tower
Royall, is one other lane, that run
neth west to Cordwainer streete, and this is called Turnebase lane: on the south side whereof is a peece of Wringwren lane to the northwest corner of S. Thomas church the Apostle. Thē againe out of the high streete called Wathling, is one other street which runneth thwart the same, and this is Cordwainer streete whereof the whole warde taketh name, this streete beginneth by west Cheape and Saint Mary Bow church is the head there
of on the west side, and it runneth down south through that part which of later time was called Hosiar lane, now Bow lane, and then by the west ende of Aldmary church, to the new builded houses, in place of Ormond house, and so to Earlicke hill, or hith, to Saint Iames church, the vpper part of this streete towardes Cheape was called Hosiar lane of Hosiars dwelling there in place of Shoomakers: but now those Hosiars being worne out by men of other Trades (as the Hosiars had worne out the Shoma
kers the same is called Bow lane of Bow church. On the west side of Cordwainers streete is Basing lane, right ouer against Turne basse lane. This Basing lane west to the backe gate of the Red Lion, in Wathling streete, is of this Cordwainers streete warde.
neth west to Cordwainer streete, and this is called Turnebase lane: on the south side whereof is a peece of Wringwren lane to the northwest corner of S. Thomas church the Apostle. Thē againe out of the high streete called Wathling, is one other street which runneth thwart the same, and this is Cordwainer streete whereof the whole warde taketh name, this streete beginneth by west Cheape and Saint Mary Bow church is the head there
of on the west side, and it runneth down south through that part which of later time was called Hosiar lane, now Bow lane, and then by the west ende of Aldmary church, to the new builded houses, in place of Ormond house, and so to Earlicke hill, or hith, to Saint Iames church, the vpper part of this streete towardes Cheape was called Hosiar lane of Hosiars dwelling there in place of Shoomakers: but now those Hosiars being worne out by men of other Trades (as the Hosiars had worne out the Shoma
kers the same is called Bow lane of Bow church. On the west side of Cordwainers streete is Basing lane, right ouer against Turne basse lane. This Basing lane west to the backe gate of the Red Lion, in Wathling streete, is of this Cordwainers streete warde.
Now againe on the North side of the high street in Budge
Row, by the East ende of S. Anthonines
church, haue ye S. Sithis
lane
so
201
so
called of S. Sithes church (which standeth
against that lanes end: and this place is wholly of Cordwayner stréet warde: and also the south side of Needlers lane,
which reacheth from the north
end of S. Sithes lane, West to Sopars lane. Then somewhat west from S. Anthonines church is that Sopars lane,
which took that name not of
making sope there, as some haue supposed, but of one Alleyne le Sopar, in
the 9. of Edward the
second. Then in Bow lane (as they new call
it) is Goose lane by Bow church, W. Essex Mercer had tenemenies
there in the 26. of Edward the
3.
Then from the south end of Bow lane, vp Watheling streete, till ouer against the red Lyon: And these be the bounds of Cord
wayner stréet warde. Touching monuments therein, first you haue the faire parish church of S. Anthonines
mas Knowls Grocer Mayor, & by Thomas Knowles his sonne, both buried there, with Epitaphes, of the father thus.
wayner stréet warde. Touching monuments therein, first you haue the faire parish church of S. Anthonines
Parish church of S.
Antho
nine.
in Budge rowe, on the North side thereof. This church was
lately reedified by Thonine.
mas Knowls Grocer Mayor, & by Thomas Knowles his sonne, both buried there, with Epitaphes, of the father thus.
Here lyeth grauen vnder this stone,
Grocer and Alderman, yeares fortie
Sheriffe, and twice Mayor truly,
And for he should not lie alone,
Here lyeth with him his good wife Ioane,
They were together sixtie yeare,
And nineteene children they had in feere &c.
Thomas Holland Mercer was there buried 1456. Thomas
Windent Mercer Alderman, and Katherine his wife, Thomas
Hind Mercer, 1528. He was a benefactor to this church, to
Aldemary church, and to Bow: Hugh Acton Merchantaylor buried 1520.
He gaue 36. pounde to the repayring of the steeple of this church: Simon
Streete Grocer lyeth in the Church wall toward the south, his
armes be thrée Colts, and his Epitaph thus.
Such as I am, such shall you be,
Grocer of London sometime was I,
The Kings Wayar more then yeares twentie,
Simon Street
Simon Streete his Epitaph.
called in my place,
And good fellowship faine would trace,
Therefore in heauen, euerlasting life
Iesu send me, and Agnes my wife:
And Deo gratias I coupled thereto,
I passed to God in the yeare of grace
A thousand foure hundred it was, &c.
William Dauntsey Mercer one of the Sheriffes buried 1542.
Henry Collet Mercer Mayor, a great benefactor to this church, the
pictures of him, his wife, ten sonnes, and tenne daughters remaine in the glasse
window on the North side of the church: but the saide Henry Collet was
buried at Stebun
hith. Henry Halton Grocer, one of the Sheriffes, deceased 1415. Thomas Spight Merchantaylor 1533. and Roger Martin Mercer Mayor deceased, 1573. Next on the south side of Budge rowe by the West corner therof, and on the East side of Cordwayner stréete, is one other faire church, called Aldemary church,
stament 1000. £. towards the building of that church, Richarde Chawcer Uintner gaue lands to that church, & was there buried, 1348. Iohn Briton, Raph Hollande Draper one of the She
riffes deceased 1452. William Taylor Grocer Mayor deceased, 1483. He discharged that ward of fiftéenes to be paid by the poore, Thomas Hinde Mercer buried in S. Anthonines, gaue 10. fodar of lead to the couering of the middle Isle of this Aldemary church, Charles Blunt Lord Montioy was buried there, about the yeare 1545. he made or glased the East window, as appeareth by his Armes: his Epitaph made by him in his life time thus.
hith. Henry Halton Grocer, one of the Sheriffes, deceased 1415. Thomas Spight Merchantaylor 1533. and Roger Martin Mercer Mayor deceased, 1573. Next on the south side of Budge rowe by the West corner therof, and on the East side of Cordwayner stréete, is one other faire church, called Aldemary church,
Parish church of Aldmary.
because the same was
very old, and elder then any church of Saint Mary in the cittie, till of
late yeares the foundation of a very faire new church was laide there by Henry
Keble Grocer, Mayor, who deceased 1518. and was there
buried in a vault by him prepared, with a faire monument raysed ouer ouer him on
the North side the quire, now destroyed and gone, he gaue by his testament 1000. £. towards the building of that church, Richarde Chawcer Uintner gaue lands to that church, & was there buried, 1348. Iohn Briton, Raph Hollande Draper one of the She
riffes deceased 1452. William Taylor Grocer Mayor deceased, 1483. He discharged that ward of fiftéenes to be paid by the poore, Thomas Hinde Mercer buried in S. Anthonines, gaue 10. fodar of lead to the couering of the middle Isle of this Aldemary church, Charles Blunt Lord Montioy was buried there, about the yeare 1545. he made or glased the East window, as appeareth by his Armes: his Epitaph made by him in his life time thus.
Willingly haue I sought, and willingly haue I found,
The fatall end that wrought thether as dutie bound:
Discharged I am of that I ought to my cuntry by onest woūd
My soul departed Christ hath bought, the end of mā is groūd.
Sir William Laxton Grocer Mayor, deceased 1556.
was buried in the vault, prepared by Henry Keble principall founder of
that church for himself but now his bones are vnkindly cast out, his monuments
pulled downe, and the bodies of the said Sir Wil
liam
liam
liam
203101
Laxton and of Sir Thomas Lodge Grocer Mayor, are laid in place,
with monuments ouer them for the time, till an other giue money for their place,
and then away with them.
At the vpper end of Hosiar lane towards west chepe, is the fayre parish church of S. Mary Bow,
Parish church of S. Mary
Bowe.
called de Arcubus,
of the stone Arches or Bowes on the top of the stéeple, or bell Tower thereof,
which arching was aswell on the old stéeple, as on the new for no other part of
the church séemeth to haue béene arched at any time, yet hath the said church
neuer beene knowne by any other name, then S. Mary
Bow, or le Bow: neither
is that church so called of the court there kept, but the said Court taketh name
of the place wherein it is kept, & is called the court of the arches, but of
what antiquitie or continuation I cannot declare.
This church is of Cordwayner stréet ward, and for
diuers ac
cidents happening there hath beene made more famous then any other parish church of the whole Citie or suburbes. First we reade that in the yeare 1090. and the thirde of VVilliam Rufus, by tempest of wind the roofe of the church of S. Mary Bow ion Chepe was ouerturned, wherewith some persons were slaine, and foure of the Rasters of 26. foote in length with such violence were pitch
ed in the ground of the high stréete, that scantly foure foote of them remained aboue ground, which were faine to be cut euen with the ground, because they coulde not bee plucked out (for the Citie of London was not then paused.)
cidents happening there hath beene made more famous then any other parish church of the whole Citie or suburbes. First we reade that in the yeare 1090. and the thirde of VVilliam Rufus, by tempest of wind the roofe of the church of S. Mary Bow ion Chepe was ouerturned, wherewith some persons were slaine, and foure of the Rasters of 26. foote in length with such violence were pitch
ed in the ground of the high stréete, that scantly foure foote of them remained aboue ground, which were faine to be cut euen with the ground, because they coulde not bee plucked out (for the Citie of London was not then paused.)
In the yeare 1196. VVilliam Fitz Osbert, a seditious
trai
tor, tooke the steeple af Bow,
demned, he was by the héeles drawne to the Elmes in Smith field and there hanged with nine of his fellowes. Such was the end of this deceauer, a man of an euill life, a secrete murtherer, a filthie fornicator, a polluter of concubines, and (amongst other his dete
stable factes) a false accuser of his elder brother,
tor, tooke the steeple af Bow,
Bow steéple fortified with munitions.
and
fortified it with munitions and victuailles, but it was assaulted, and
William with his complices were taken, though not without bloodshed,
for hee was forced by fire and smoke to forsake the church, and then by the Iudges
condemned, he was by the héeles drawne to the Elmes in Smith field and there hanged with nine of his fellowes. Such was the end of this deceauer, a man of an euill life, a secrete murtherer, a filthie fornicator, a polluter of concubines, and (amongst other his dete
stable factes) a false accuser of his elder brother,
A false accuser of
his elder brother in the end was han
ged: God a
mend or shortly send such an end to such false brethren.
who had in his youth brought him vp in learning,
and done many thinges for his preferment.
ged: God a
mend or shortly send such an end to such false brethren.
In the yeare 1271. a great part of the stéeple of Bow fel down
uill persons, friendes to the said Raffe, and slew the said Laurence lying in the stéeple, and then hanged him vp, placing him so by the window, as if he had hanged himself, and so was it found by inqui
sition: for the which fact Laurence Ducket being drawne by the féete was buried in a ditch without the Citie, but shortly after by relation of a boy, who lay with the said Laurence at the time of his death, and had hid him there for feare, the truth of the matter was disclosed, for the which cause a certain woman named Alice, that was chiefe causer of the said mischiefe was burned, and to the number of 16. men were drawne and hanged besides others, that being richer, after long imprisonment were hanged by the purse.
Bow Steeple fell downe,
and
204
and
slew many people men and women. In the yeare 1284. the 13. of Edward the
first. Laurence Ducket Goldsmith, hauing
grieuously wounded one Raffe Crepin in west
Chepe, fledde into Bowe church, into the
which in the night time entred certaine euill persons, friendes to the said Raffe, and slew the said Laurence lying in the stéeple, and then hanged him vp, placing him so by the window, as if he had hanged himself, and so was it found by inqui
sition: for the which fact Laurence Ducket being drawne by the féete was buried in a ditch without the Citie, but shortly after by relation of a boy, who lay with the said Laurence at the time of his death, and had hid him there for feare, the truth of the matter was disclosed, for the which cause a certain woman named Alice, that was chiefe causer of the said mischiefe was burned, and to the number of 16. men were drawne and hanged besides others, that being richer, after long imprisonment were hanged by the purse.
The church was interdicted,
nestly buried in the churchyarde.
Bow Church interdicted.
the dores and
windowes were stopped vp with thornes, but Laurence was taken vp, and
honestly buried in the churchyarde.
This parish church of S. Mary Bowe by
meane of incroch
ment and building of houses without, wanteth roome in their Church yard for burial of their dead. Iohn Rotham or Rodham citizen and Taylor, by his testament dated the yeare 1465. gaue to the Parson and Church wardens there for euer, a certaine gar
den in Hosiar lane, to be a churchyard, which so continued neare 100. yeares. But now is builded on and is a priuate mans house. The old stéeple of this church was by little and little reedified, and new builded vp, at the least so much as was fallen downe, many men giuing summes of money to the furtherance thereof, so that at length, to wit, in the yeare 1469. it was ordayned by a common counsaile, that the Bowe bell shoulde bee nightly rong at nine of the clocke.
ments with the apurtenances, since made into one, in Hosiar lane, then so called, to the maintenance of Bowe bell, the same to bee rong as aforesaid, and other things to be obserued, as by the will appeareth. Robert Harding Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes
shed in the yeare 1512. The Arches or Bowes
shed of stone, brought from Cane in Normandy, deliuered at the Customers Key for iiij.s̃.vjď.the tunne, William Copland Taylor, the kings Merchant, and Andrew Fuller Mercer, being churchwardens, 1515. and 1516. It is said that this Copland gaue the great Bell, which made the fift in the ring, and to be cal
led the Bow bell, and so to bee vsed to bee rong nightly at nine of the clocke. I haue also beene informed, that this bell was first rong as a knell at the buriall of the same Copland. It sée
meth that the lanthornes on the top of this stéeple, were meant to haue béene glased, and lights in them to haue béene placed night
ly in the winter, whereby trauailers to the Cittie might haue the better sight thereof, and not to misse of their wayes. In this pa
rish also was a Grammer schoole by commandement of king Hen
ry the sixt, which schoole was of olde time kept in an house for that purpose prepared in the churchyard, but that schoole being decayed as others about this cittie: the schoole house was let out for rent, in the raigne of Henry the eight, for iiij.s̃.the yeare, a sellar be
longing to the parsonage for ij.s̃.the yeare, and two vaults vnder the church for 15.s̃ both.
ment and building of houses without, wanteth roome in their Church yard for burial of their dead. Iohn Rotham or Rodham citizen and Taylor, by his testament dated the yeare 1465. gaue to the Parson and Church wardens there for euer, a certaine gar
den in Hosiar lane, to be a churchyard, which so continued neare 100. yeares. But now is builded on and is a priuate mans house. The old stéeple of this church was by little and little reedified, and new builded vp, at the least so much as was fallen downe, many men giuing summes of money to the furtherance thereof, so that at length, to wit, in the yeare 1469. it was ordayned by a common counsaile, that the Bowe bell shoulde bee nightly rong at nine of the clocke.
Bow bell to be rong night
ly at nine of the clocke.
Shortly after,
Iohn Doune Mercer, by his testament dated 1472.
according to the trust of Reginald Longdon, gaue to the Parson and
churchwardens of S. Mary Bowe, two tenely at nine of the clocke.
ments with the apurtenances, since made into one, in Hosiar lane, then so called, to the maintenance of Bowe bell, the same to bee rong as aforesaid, and other things to be obserued, as by the will appeareth. Robert Harding Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes
1478
205
1478. gaue to the newe worke of that stéeple 40. £. Iohn Haw
Mercer 10. £. Doctor Allen 4. £. Thomas Baldry 4. £. and other
gaue other summes, so that the said worke of the stéeple was finished in the yeare 1512. The Arches or Bowes
Bowe or Ar
ches on Bow steeple.
thereupon, with the
lanthornes, fiue in number, to wit, one at each corner, and one on the top in the
middle: vpon the arches were also afterward finiches on Bow steeple.
shed of stone, brought from Cane in Normandy, deliuered at the Customers Key for iiij.s̃.vjď.the tunne, William Copland Taylor, the kings Merchant, and Andrew Fuller Mercer, being churchwardens, 1515. and 1516. It is said that this Copland gaue the great Bell, which made the fift in the ring, and to be cal
led the Bow bell, and so to bee vsed to bee rong nightly at nine of the clocke. I haue also beene informed, that this bell was first rong as a knell at the buriall of the same Copland. It sée
meth that the lanthornes on the top of this stéeple, were meant to haue béene glased, and lights in them to haue béene placed night
ly in the winter, whereby trauailers to the Cittie might haue the better sight thereof, and not to misse of their wayes. In this pa
rish also was a Grammer schoole by commandement of king Hen
ry the sixt, which schoole was of olde time kept in an house for that purpose prepared in the churchyard, but that schoole being decayed as others about this cittie: the schoole house was let out for rent, in the raigne of Henry the eight, for iiij.s̃.the yeare, a sellar be
longing to the parsonage for ij.s̃.the yeare, and two vaults vnder the church for 15.s̃ both.
The monuments in this church be these: viz. of Sir Iohn Co
uentrie Mercer Mayor, 1425. Richard Lambert Alderman, Nicholas Alwine Mercer Mayor, 1499. deceased 1505. Robert Harding Goldsmith one of the Sheriffes 1478. Iohn Loke one of the Sheriffes 1461. Edward Bankes Alderman Haberdasher 1566. Iohn Warde, VVilliam Pierson Scriuener, and Attur
ney in the common place. In a proper Chappel on the south side the church standeth a tombe, eleuate & arched, of some vnknowne founder. Ade de Buke Hatter glased the chappell and most parte of the church, and was there buried: all other monuments be defa
ced. Without the North side of this church of S. Mary Bow, to
wards west Chepe standeth one faire building of stone, called in record Seldam, a shed, which greatly darkeneth the said church,
pars lane, which iusting lasted thrée daies: where Quéene Philip with many Ladies fell from a stage of timber, notwithstanding they were not hurt at all: wherfore the Quéene tooke great care to saue the Carpenters from punishment, and through her prayer (which she made on her knées) she pacified the king and counsaile, and thereby purchased great loue of the people. After which time the king caused this silde or shede to bee made, and strongly to bee builded of stone, for himself, the Quéene, and other estates to stand in, and there to behold the iustings and other shewes at their plea
sure. And this house for a long time after serued to that vse, name
ly in the raigne of Edward the third, and Richard the second, but in the yeare 1410. Henry the fourth, in the 12. of his raigne, con
firmed the said shed, or building, with all shops, sellers, and edifices whatsoeuer appertaining, called Crounsilde (and in the 8. of the same H. called Tamarside) situate in the Mercery in west Chepe, in the parish of S. Mary de Arcubus in London, and a certaine shop in the said parish, betweene the same shed and the kings high way of west Cheape, annexed to the said shed, with two shops, sel
lers and edifices whatsoeuer, as well builded, or any way being o
uer the said shop, as ouer the entry of the said shed, which were hol
den of him in burgage, as all the Cittie of London is, and which were worth by yeare in all issues, according to the true value of them, vij.pound xiij.s̃.iiijď.as was founde by inquisition thereof before Thomas Knowles Mayor, and Eschetor in the said Citie. Notwithstanding which graunt the kings of England, and other great estates, as wel of forrein countries repayring to this realme, as inhabitantes of the same, haue vsually repaired to this place, therein to behold the shewes of this Citie, passing through West
amples wherof were ouer long to recite, wherefore let it suffice briefly to touch one. In the yeare 1510. the 2. of Henry the eight, on S. Iohns euen at night, the king came to this place, then called the kings head in Cheape, in the liuerie of a yoman of the garde, with an halberd on his sholder, (and there beholding the watch) departed priuily, when the watch was done, and was not knowne to any but to whom it pleased him, but on S. Peters night next following, hee and the Quéene came royally riding to the said place, and there with their nobles beheld the watch of the Ci
tie, and returned in the morning. This church of S. Mary, with the saide shede of stone, all the housing in or about Bowe Church yard, & without on that side the high stréet of Cheape to the stan
darde be of Cordmayner stréet warde. These houses were of old time but shedes: for I read of no housing otherwise on that side the stréete, but of diuers shedes from Sopars lane to the standard, &c. Amongst other I reade of thrée shops or shedes, by Sopars lane pertaining to the Priorie of the holy Trinity within Aldegate: the one was let out for 28. s̃. one other for 20. s̃. and the third for xij. s̃. by the yeare: Moreouer that Richard Goodchepe Mercer, and Margery his wife, sonne toIordain Goodchepe, did let to Iohn Dalings the yonger Mercer, their shed and chamber in west Cheape, in the parish of S. Mary de Arches, for iij.s̃.iiijď.by the yeare. Also the men of Bredstréete ward contended with the men of Cordwayner street ward, for a selde or shede, opposite to the standard on the South side, and it was found to be of Cordwainer street ward, W. Waldorne being then Mayor, the 1. of Henry the 6. Thus much for Cordwainer stréet warde: which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors 8. Constables 8. Scauengers 8. Wardemote inquest men 14. & a Beadle. It stan
deth taxed to the fiftéene in London at 72. £. 16. s̃. in the Exche
quer at 72. pound.
uentrie Mercer Mayor, 1425. Richard Lambert Alderman, Nicholas Alwine Mercer Mayor, 1499. deceased 1505. Robert Harding Goldsmith one of the Sheriffes 1478. Iohn Loke one of the Sheriffes 1461. Edward Bankes Alderman Haberdasher 1566. Iohn Warde, VVilliam Pierson Scriuener, and Attur
ney in the common place. In a proper Chappel on the south side the church standeth a tombe, eleuate & arched, of some vnknowne founder. Ade de Buke Hatter glased the chappell and most parte of the church, and was there buried: all other monuments be defa
ced. Without the North side of this church of S. Mary Bow, to
wards west Chepe standeth one faire building of stone, called in record Seldam, a shed, which greatly darkeneth the said church,
for
206
for
by meanes thereof all the windowes and dores on that side are stopped vp: This
building was made by K. Edward the third, vpon this occasion. In the
raigne of the sayde king
diuers iustings were made in London betwixt Sopars lane and the Crosse in Chepe:
Iusting in west
Cheape.
for the standard stoode not then in place where now it
is, namely one great iusting was there in the yeare 1330. the fourth of Edward the
third, whereof is noted thus. About the feast of S. Michæl
there was a great and solemne iusting of all the stout Earles, Barons and nobles
of the realme, at London in West Cheape,
betwixt the great crosse and the great conduit, nigh Sopars lane, which iusting lasted thrée daies: where Quéene Philip with many Ladies fell from a stage of timber, notwithstanding they were not hurt at all: wherfore the Quéene tooke great care to saue the Carpenters from punishment, and through her prayer (which she made on her knées) she pacified the king and counsaile, and thereby purchased great loue of the people. After which time the king caused this silde or shede to bee made, and strongly to bee builded of stone, for himself, the Quéene, and other estates to stand in, and there to behold the iustings and other shewes at their plea
sure. And this house for a long time after serued to that vse, name
ly in the raigne of Edward the third, and Richard the second, but in the yeare 1410. Henry the fourth, in the 12. of his raigne, con
firmed the said shed, or building, with all shops, sellers, and edifices whatsoeuer appertaining, called Crounsilde (and in the 8. of the same H. called Tamarside) situate in the Mercery in west Chepe, in the parish of S. Mary de Arcubus in London, and a certaine shop in the said parish, betweene the same shed and the kings high way of west Cheape, annexed to the said shed, with two shops, sel
lers and edifices whatsoeuer, as well builded, or any way being o
uer the said shop, as ouer the entry of the said shed, which were hol
den of him in burgage, as all the Cittie of London is, and which were worth by yeare in all issues, according to the true value of them, vij.pound xiij.s̃.iiijď.as was founde by inquisition thereof before Thomas Knowles Mayor, and Eschetor in the said Citie. Notwithstanding which graunt the kings of England, and other great estates, as wel of forrein countries repayring to this realme, as inhabitantes of the same, haue vsually repaired to this place, therein to behold the shewes of this Citie, passing through West
Cheape
207
Cheape, namely the great watches accustomed in the
night, on the euen of S. Iohn Baptist, and S. Peter at
Midsommer, the examples wherof were ouer long to recite, wherefore let it suffice briefly to touch one. In the yeare 1510. the 2. of Henry the eight, on S. Iohns euen at night, the king came to this place, then called the kings head in Cheape, in the liuerie of a yoman of the garde, with an halberd on his sholder, (and there beholding the watch) departed priuily, when the watch was done, and was not knowne to any but to whom it pleased him, but on S. Peters night next following, hee and the Quéene came royally riding to the said place, and there with their nobles beheld the watch of the Ci
tie, and returned in the morning. This church of S. Mary, with the saide shede of stone, all the housing in or about Bowe Church yard, & without on that side the high stréet of Cheape to the stan
darde be of Cordmayner stréet warde. These houses were of old time but shedes: for I read of no housing otherwise on that side the stréete, but of diuers shedes from Sopars lane to the standard, &c. Amongst other I reade of thrée shops or shedes, by Sopars lane pertaining to the Priorie of the holy Trinity within Aldegate: the one was let out for 28. s̃. one other for 20. s̃. and the third for xij. s̃. by the yeare: Moreouer that Richard Goodchepe Mercer, and Margery his wife, sonne toIordain Goodchepe, did let to Iohn Dalings the yonger Mercer, their shed and chamber in west Cheape, in the parish of S. Mary de Arches, for iij.s̃.iiijď.by the yeare. Also the men of Bredstréete ward contended with the men of Cordwayner street ward, for a selde or shede, opposite to the standard on the South side, and it was found to be of Cordwainer street ward, W. Waldorne being then Mayor, the 1. of Henry the 6. Thus much for Cordwainer stréet warde: which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors 8. Constables 8. Scauengers 8. Wardemote inquest men 14. & a Beadle. It stan
deth taxed to the fiftéene in London at 72. £. 16. s̃. in the Exche
quer at 72. pound.
NExt adioining is Chepe warde,
which also
beginneth in the East, on the course of Walbrooke,
in Buckles bury, and runneth vp on both the sides to
the great Conduit in Cheape. Also on the south syde
of Buck
les
les
les
208
berie
a lane turning vp by S. Sithes Church,
& by S. Pancrates church, through Needlers lane, on the north side thereof, and then
through a péece of Sopars lane, on both sydes vp to
Chepe, be all of Chepe
warde. Then to be begin againe in the east vpon the said course of Walbrooke, is S.
Mildreds church in the Poultrie, on the north side, and ouer
against the said church gate, on the south to passe vp al that high stréet called
the Poultrie, to the great
conduit in Chepe, and then Chepe it selfe,
which beginneth by the east end of the said Conduit, and stretcheth vp to the
North East corner of Bow lane, on the south side,
and to the standard on the North side, and thus far to the west is of Cheape ward. On the south side of this high stréet is
no lane turning south out of this ward, more thē some small portion of Sopars lane, whereof I haue before written. But on the
North side of this high stréete is Conyhope lane,
about one quarter of Olde Iurie lane, on the west
side and on the East side almost as much to the signe of
the Angell. Then is Iremongers lane, all
wholly on both sides, and from the North end thereof through Catton stréete, West to the North ende of
S. Laurence lane, and some 4. houses
west beyond the same on that side, and ouer against Ironmongers lane end on the North side of Catton stréete vp by the Guildhal, and S. Laurence church in the
Iurie is altogether of Chepe ward. Then
againe in Chepe more toward the west is S. Laurence lane before named, which is all
wholly of this warde, and last of all is Hony lane,
and so vp to the standard on that North side of
Chepe: and so stand the boundes of Chepe ward.
Now for antiquities there, first is Buckles berie,
so called of a mannor, and tenementes pertayning to one Buckle,
nements: and it hath béene a common speech that when the Wal
brooke
wed vp so far, and therefore the place hath euer since béene called ye Old barge, Also on the north side of this stréet directly ouer against the said Buckles berie was one ancient and strong tower of stone
minster, by the name of his Tower called Seruesse Tower at Buckles bery: this Tower of late yeares was taken downe, by one Buckle a Grocer, meaning in place thereof to haue set vppe and builded a goodly frame of Timber, but the saide Buckle gree
dily labouring to pull downe the olde Tower, a peece thereof fell vpon him which so brused him that his life was thereby shortened, and an other that married his widdow, set vp the newly prepared frame of tymber, and finished the worke.
Buckles bury of one
Buckle.
who there dwelled, and kept his courts. This Mannor is supposed
to be the great stone building, yet in parte remaining on the south side the
stréete, which of late time hath beene called the old
Barge, of such a signe hanged out neare the gate thereof. This Mannor or
great house hath of long time béene diuided and letten out into many tenements: and it hath béene a common speech that when the Wal
brooke
Barges towed vp Walbrook vnto Buckles
berie.
did lie open, barges were rowed out of the Thames, or towed vp so far, and therefore the place hath euer since béene called ye Old barge, Also on the north side of this stréet directly ouer against the said Buckles berie was one ancient and strong tower of stone
the
209
the which king
Edwarde the thirde in the 32. of his raigne, did grant to his Colledge or free Chappell of S. Stephen at Westminster, by the name of his Tower called Seruesse Tower at Buckles bery: this Tower of late yeares was taken downe, by one Buckle a Grocer, meaning in place thereof to haue set vppe and builded a goodly frame of Timber, but the saide Buckle gree
dily labouring to pull downe the olde Tower, a peece thereof fell vpon him which so brused him that his life was thereby shortened, and an other that married his widdow, set vp the newly prepared frame of tymber, and finished the worke.
This whole streete called Buckles bury on both the
sides throughout, is possessed of Grocers and Apothecaries toward the west ende
thereof, on the south side, breaketh out one other short lane called in recordes
Peneritch streete,
it
reacheth but to Saint Sythes lane, and S.
Sythes
Church
is the farthest part thereof, for by the west ende of the saide Church beginneth
Needelars lane,
which reacheth to Sopars lane as is aforesaide, this small parish Church of S. Sith hath also an addition of Bennet shorne (or Shrog, or Shorehogge) for by al
these names haue I read it, but the auncientest is Shorne, wherefore it seemeth to
take that name of one Benedict Shorne, sometime a Cittizen, and
Stockefish
monger of London, a new builder, repayrer or Benefactor ther
of, in the raigne of E. the second, so that Shorne is but corruptlie called Shrog, and more corruptly Shorehog.
monger of London, a new builder, repayrer or Benefactor ther
of, in the raigne of E. the second, so that Shorne is but corruptlie called Shrog, and more corruptly Shorehog.
There lye buried in this Church Richard Lincolne Felmon
ger, 1548. Iohn Fresh Mercer Maior 1394. Iohn Rochforde and Robert Rochforde, Iohn Holde Alderman, Henry Fro
weke, Mercer Maior, a thousand foure hundred thirty fiue Edward Warrington, Iohn Morrice, Iohn Huntley, Sir Ralph Waren Mercer Maior, 1553, Sir Iohn Lion Grocer Maior, 1554. these two last haue monumentes, the rest are all defaced.
ger, 1548. Iohn Fresh Mercer Maior 1394. Iohn Rochforde and Robert Rochforde, Iohn Holde Alderman, Henry Fro
weke, Mercer Maior, a thousand foure hundred thirty fiue Edward Warrington, Iohn Morrice, Iohn Huntley, Sir Ralph Waren Mercer Maior, 1553, Sir Iohn Lion Grocer Maior, 1554. these two last haue monumentes, the rest are all defaced.
Then in Needelars lane haue yee the parish church of Saint Pancrate,
ker, Iohn Aker, Iohn Barens Mercer, Maior, 1370. Iohn Be
ston and his wife, Robert Rayland, Iohn Hamber, Iohn Gage, Iohn Rowley, Iohn Lambe, Iohn Hadley Grocer, Ma
ior, 1379. Richarde Gardener Mercer, Maior, 1478. Iohn Stockton Mercer, Maior, 1470. Iohn Dane Mercer, Iohn Parker, Robert Marshall Alderman, 1439. Robert Corche
forde. Robert Hatfield, and Robert Hatfielde, Nicholas Wil
filde, and Thomas his sonne, the monumentes of all which bee defaced and gone. There do remaine of Robert Burley 1360. Richarde VVilson, 1525. Robert Packenton Mercer, slaine with a Gunne shot at him in a morning, the thirteenth of Nouē
ber as hee was going to morrow Masse, from his house in Cheape, to S. Thomas of Acars in the yeare 1536. the murde
rer was neuer discouered, but by his owne confession made when he came to the Gallowes at Banbery to bee hanged for Fellonie. Thomas VVardbury Haberdasher 1545. Iames Huish Gro
cer. 1590. Ambrose Smith &c. Then is a part of Sopars lane turning vp to Cheape, by the assent of Stephen Abunden, Ma
ior, the Peperars in Sopars lane were admitted to sell all such spices, and other wares, as Grocers now vse to sell, retayning the olde name of Peperars in Sopars lane,
wainers and Curriars, after that the Peperars or Grocers had seated themselues in a more open streete, to wit in Buckles bury, where they yet remaine. Thus much for the south wing of Cheapeward.
Parish church of S. pancrate
Iustices char
ged to punish such assel bels from their churches Eli
zabeth 14.
a proper small church, but diuers
rich Parishioners therein, and hath had of olde time many liberall benefactors,
but of late such as (not regarding the order taken by her Maiestie) the least bell
in their church being broken, haue rather solde the same for half the value, then
put the parish to charge with new casting: late experience hath prooued this to
bee true, besides the spoile of
ged to punish such assel bels from their churches Eli
zabeth 14.
the
P
210
the monumentes
there. In this Church there are buried Sir Aker, Iohn Aker, Iohn Barens Mercer, Maior, 1370. Iohn Be
ston and his wife, Robert Rayland, Iohn Hamber, Iohn Gage, Iohn Rowley, Iohn Lambe, Iohn Hadley Grocer, Ma
ior, 1379. Richarde Gardener Mercer, Maior, 1478. Iohn Stockton Mercer, Maior, 1470. Iohn Dane Mercer, Iohn Parker, Robert Marshall Alderman, 1439. Robert Corche
forde. Robert Hatfield, and Robert Hatfielde, Nicholas Wil
filde, and Thomas his sonne, the monumentes of all which bee defaced and gone. There do remaine of Robert Burley 1360. Richarde VVilson, 1525. Robert Packenton Mercer, slaine with a Gunne shot at him in a morning, the thirteenth of Nouē
ber as hee was going to morrow Masse, from his house in Cheape, to S. Thomas of Acars in the yeare 1536. the murde
rer was neuer discouered, but by his owne confession made when he came to the Gallowes at Banbery to bee hanged for Fellonie. Thomas VVardbury Haberdasher 1545. Iames Huish Gro
cer. 1590. Ambrose Smith &c. Then is a part of Sopars lane turning vp to Cheape, by the assent of Stephen Abunden, Ma
ior, the Peperars in Sopars lane were admitted to sell all such spices, and other wares, as Grocers now vse to sell, retayning the olde name of Peperars in Sopars lane,
Pepperars in Sopars lane.
till at length in
the raign of Henry the
sixt the same Sopars lane was inhabited by
Cordewainers and Curriars, after that the Peperars or Grocers had seated themselues in a more open streete, to wit in Buckles bury, where they yet remaine. Thus much for the south wing of Cheapeward.
Now to beginne againe on the banke of the saide Walbrooke, at the east ende of the high streete, which is the maine body
of
cers vp to the north corner of Cordwainer streete, corruptlie cal
led Bow lane, which houses in former time were but shedes (or shops) with solars ouer them, as of late one of them remained at Sopars lane end, wherein a woman sold seedes, rootes, and herbs, but those sheddes or shops, by incrochmentes on the high streete, are now largely builded on both sides outward, and also vpwarde towarde heauen, some thrée, foure, or fiue stories on high. &c.
The Poultrie.
this warde: first ouer against the parish church of S. Mildred, on the south side of the Poultrie, vp to the great
Conduite, haue yee diuers fayre houses, sometimes inhabited by
Poulters, now by Grocers, Haberdashers, and
Upholders, at the west end of this Poultrie, on the south side, haue ye the great Conduite,
The great Conduite in Cheape.
which is the beginning of west
Cheape. This Conduite was the first sweete water that was conueyed by
pipes of lead vnder ground, to this place in the Citie, from Padington it
was castellated with stone and cesterned in lead which was begunne in the yeare
1285
211
1285.
Henry Wales being then Maior. This Conduite was againe new builded by
Thomas Ilame one of the Sheriffes in the yeare, 1479.
beyond this Conduite, on the south side of Cheap be
now faire and large houses, for the most part possessed of Mercers vp to the north corner of Cordwainer streete, corruptlie cal
led Bow lane, which houses in former time were but shedes (or shops) with solars ouer them, as of late one of them remained at Sopars lane end, wherein a woman sold seedes, rootes, and herbs, but those sheddes or shops, by incrochmentes on the high streete, are now largely builded on both sides outward, and also vpwarde towarde heauen, some thrée, foure, or fiue stories on high. &c.
On the north side of the Poultrie, is the proper
parish church
wards the building of the new Quire there which now standeth vpon the course of Walbrook, Leuell and Puery, and Richard Kestō haue their Armes in the east Windowes as Benefactors.
parish church of S. Mildred
of S.
Mildrede, which was new builded vpon Walbrooke, in the yeare 1457. Iohn
Saxton then Parson gaue 32. poundes towards the building of the new Quire there which now standeth vpon the course of Walbrook, Leuell and Puery, and Richard Kestō haue their Armes in the east Windowes as Benefactors.
All the rooffing of that Church is garnished with the Armes of Thomas
Aschehul, one of the Churchwardens in the yere 1455. who was there
buried, Thomas Morsted Esquire and Chi
rurgeon to king Henry the 4. 5. and 6. one of the Sheriffes of London, in the yeare 1436. gaue vnto this Church a parcell of ground contayning in length from the course of Walbrooke, to
warde the west, 45. foote, and in bredth, from the Church to
wardes the north 35. foote, being within the gate of Skalding house, or Skalding Wike in the said parish, to make a Church
yarde wherein to bury their dead, Richarde Shore Draper, one of the Sheriffes 1505. gaue fifteene pound for making a portch, to this church. Buried here, as by his monumentes appeareth: Iohn Hildy Poulter, 1416, Iohn Kendall 1468, Iohn Gar
land 1476. Robert Bois, 1485: and Symon Lee, Poulters, 1487. Thomas Lee of Essex, Gentleman, VVilliam Haclin
gridge, Christopher Feliocke, 1494. Robert Dreyton Skin
ner. 1484. Iohn Christopherson, Doctor of Phisicke, 1524. VVilliam Turner Skinner, 1536. Blase White Grocer, 1558. Thomas Hobson Haberdasher. 1559, William Hob
son Haberdasher, 1581. and Thomas Tusser Gentleman, 1580
rurgeon to king Henry the 4. 5. and 6. one of the Sheriffes of London, in the yeare 1436. gaue vnto this Church a parcell of ground contayning in length from the course of Walbrooke, to
warde the west, 45. foote, and in bredth, from the Church to
wardes the north 35. foote, being within the gate of Skalding house, or Skalding Wike in the said parish, to make a Church
yarde wherein to bury their dead, Richarde Shore Draper, one of the Sheriffes 1505. gaue fifteene pound for making a portch, to this church. Buried here, as by his monumentes appeareth: Iohn Hildy Poulter, 1416, Iohn Kendall 1468, Iohn Gar
land 1476. Robert Bois, 1485: and Symon Lee, Poulters, 1487. Thomas Lee of Essex, Gentleman, VVilliam Haclin
gridge, Christopher Feliocke, 1494. Robert Dreyton Skin
ner. 1484. Iohn Christopherson, Doctor of Phisicke, 1524. VVilliam Turner Skinner, 1536. Blase White Grocer, 1558. Thomas Hobson Haberdasher. 1559, William Hob
son Haberdasher, 1581. and Thomas Tusser Gentleman, 1580
with
P2
212
with this
Epitaph.
Here Thomas Tusser, clad in earth doth lie,
That sometime made the pointes of husbandrie,
By him then learne thou maist, here learne we must,
When all is done we sleepe and turne to dust,
And yet through Christ to heauen we hope to go,
Who reades his bookes shall finde his faith was so.
On the north side of the church yearde remaine two tombes of marble, but not known
of whome or otherwise then by tradi
tion, it is saide they were of Thomas Monshampe, and VVilli
am, Brothers aboute 1547. &c.
tion, it is saide they were of Thomas Monshampe, and VVilli
am, Brothers aboute 1547. &c.
Of the name of this streete, called the Poultrie, I
haue before spoken as also of the lane called Skalding
house, or Skalding wike
&c. On this north side some foure houses west from Saint Mildred church, is a prison house pertayning to one of the She
riffes, and is called the Compter in the Poultrie, and hath beene there kept time out of minde, for I haue not read of the originall thereof. Somewhat west from this Comptar, was sometime a proper Chappell, of Corpus Christi, and S. Marie, at Conie
hopelane end in the parish of S. Mildrede, founded by one named Ionyrunnes, a Citizen of London, in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, where was a Guilde or Fraternitie, that might dispend in lands better then twentie pound by yeare, it was suppressed by Henry the eight, and purchased by one Hobson, a Haberdasher, who turned this Chappell into a fayre warehouse, and shops to
wardes the streete, with lodginges ouer them. Then is Con
ningshop lane, of olde time so called of a signe of three Conies, hanging ouer a Poulters stall at the lane ende. Within this lane standeth the Grocers hall, which Companie being of olde time called Peperars, were first incorporated by the name of Grocers in the yeare 1345, at which time they elected for Custos or Gar
dian of their Fraternitie, Richarde Oswine, and Lawrence Halliwel, and twentie Brethren were then taken in, to be of their scocietie.
riffes, and is called the Compter in the Poultrie, and hath beene there kept time out of minde, for I haue not read of the originall thereof. Somewhat west from this Comptar, was sometime a proper Chappell, of Corpus Christi, and S. Marie, at Conie
hopelane end in the parish of S. Mildrede, founded by one named Ionyrunnes, a Citizen of London, in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, where was a Guilde or Fraternitie, that might dispend in lands better then twentie pound by yeare, it was suppressed by Henry the eight, and purchased by one Hobson, a Haberdasher, who turned this Chappell into a fayre warehouse, and shops to
wardes the streete, with lodginges ouer them. Then is Con
ningshop lane, of olde time so called of a signe of three Conies, hanging ouer a Poulters stall at the lane ende. Within this lane standeth the Grocers hall, which Companie being of olde time called Peperars, were first incorporated by the name of Grocers in the yeare 1345, at which time they elected for Custos or Gar
dian of their Fraternitie, Richarde Oswine, and Lawrence Halliwel, and twentie Brethren were then taken in, to be of their scocietie.
In the yeare 1411. the Custos or Gardian, and the Brethren of
this Companie, purchased of the Lord Robert Fitzwaters, one plot of
ground with the building thereupon in the saide Conyhope
lane
213
lane for 320.
markes, and then laide the foundation of their new common hall.
About the yeare 1429. the Grocers had licence to purchase 500.
markes land, since the which time neare adioyning vnto the Grocers hall, the said Company hath builded seauen Almes hou
ses,
cer Maior, gaue his Tenement in S. Anthonines Churchyard, to the Grocers, towards the releef of the poore Brethren in that Companie, also Henry Keeble Grocer Maior, gaue to the sea
uen Almes people six pence the peece weekelie for euer, which pen
sion is now increased by the Maisters to some of them, two shil
linges the peece weekelie, and to some of them lesse &c.
ses,
Seauen
Almes
housesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information by the Grocers hall.
for seauen aged poore Almes people. Thomas
Knoles GrohousesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information by the Grocers hall.
cer Maior, gaue his Tenement in S. Anthonines Churchyard, to the Grocers, towards the releef of the poore Brethren in that Companie, also Henry Keeble Grocer Maior, gaue to the sea
uen Almes people six pence the peece weekelie for euer, which pen
sion is now increased by the Maisters to some of them, two shil
linges the peece weekelie, and to some of them lesse &c.
West from this Conyhope lane is the olde Iury, whereof some portion is of Cheape warde, as afore is shewed. At the south ende of
this lane, is the Parish church of S, Mary
Colechurch,
pon a vault aboue ground, so that men are forced to ascend vp ther
unto by certaine steps. I finde no monumentes of this church, more then that Henry the fourth graunted licence to VVilliam Marshall and others to found a Brotherhoode of S. Katheren therein, because Thomas Becker, & S. Edmond the Archbishop were baptized there. Next to that is Mercers Chappell, some
time an Hospitall intituled of S. Thomas of Acon, or Acars near to the great Conduite in Cheape, for a Maister and Brethren, militia hospitalis, &c. saieth the recorde of Edwarde the thirde, the 14. yeare, it was founded by Thomas Fitz the balde de heily, and Agnes his wife, sister to Thomas Becket, in the raigne of Henry the second, they gaue to the maister and brethren the lands with the appurtenances, that sometime were Gilbert Beckets father of the saide Thomas, in the which he was borne, there to make a church: there was also a Charnell and a Chappell ouer it, of S. NicholasMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information and S. StephenMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, this Hospitall was valued to dis
pend 277.£.3.s̃.4.ď. it was surrendred the 30. of Henry the 8. the 21. of October, and was since purchased by the Mercers, by meanes of Sir Richarde Greshain, and was againe set open on the Eue of S. Michæll, 1541. the 33. of Henry the eight, it is now called the Mercers Chappell, and therein is kept a free
faced: Iames Butler Earle of Ormond, and Dame Iohan his Countise, the eight of Henry the sixt, Iohn Norton Esquier, Stephen Cauandish Draper, Maior, 1362. Thomas Cauan
dish, William Cauandish, Thomas Ganon called Pike, one of the Sheriffes, 1410. Hungate of Yorkeshire, Ambrose Cre
sacre, Iohn Trusbut Mercer, 1437. Thomas Norland She
riffe, 1483. Sir Edmond Sha Goldsmith Maior, 1482. Sir Thomas Hill knight, Henry Frowicke, Thomas Ilam She
riffe 1479. Launcelot Laken Esquier, Ralph Tylney Sheriffe, 1488. Garth Esquier, Iohn Ritch, Sir William Butler Grocer Mayor, 1515. William Browne Mercer Maior, 1513. Iohn Loke 1519. Sir Thomas Baldry, Mercer Maior, 1523. Sir William Locke, Mercer Sheriffe, 1548. Sir Iohn Allen Mer
cer Maior, 1525. deceased 1544. Sir Thomas Leigh Mercer, Mayor, 1558. Sir Richarde Malory Mercer Maior, 1564, Humphrey Baskaruile Mercer Sheriffe 1561. Sir George Bonde Maior, 1587, &c.
Parish church of S. Mary Colechurch.
so named of
one Cole that builded it, this church is builded vppon a vault aboue ground, so that men are forced to ascend vp ther
unto by certaine steps. I finde no monumentes of this church, more then that Henry the fourth graunted licence to VVilliam Marshall and others to found a Brotherhoode of S. Katheren therein, because Thomas Becker, & S. Edmond the Archbishop were baptized there. Next to that is Mercers Chappell, some
time an Hospitall intituled of S. Thomas of Acon, or Acars near to the great Conduite in Cheape, for a Maister and Brethren, militia hospitalis, &c. saieth the recorde of Edwarde the thirde, the 14. yeare, it was founded by Thomas Fitz the balde de heily, and Agnes his wife, sister to Thomas Becket, in the raigne of Henry the second, they gaue to the maister and brethren the lands with the appurtenances, that sometime were Gilbert Beckets father of the saide Thomas, in the which he was borne, there to make a church: there was also a Charnell and a Chappell ouer it, of S. NicholasMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information and S. StephenMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, this Hospitall was valued to dis
pend 277.£.3.s̃.4.ď. it was surrendred the 30. of Henry the 8. the 21. of October, and was since purchased by the Mercers, by meanes of Sir Richarde Greshain, and was againe set open on the Eue of S. Michæll, 1541. the 33. of Henry the eight, it is now called the Mercers Chappell, and therein is kept a free
Gram
P3
214
Grammar
Schoole
A free schole in the Hospi
tall of S. Tho
mas Acon.
as of
olde time had beene accustomed, and had beene commanded by Parliament: there is
also a preaching in the Italian tongue to the Italians and others on the Sondaies.
Here be many monumentes remayning, but more haue beene detall of S. Tho
mas Acon.
faced: Iames Butler Earle of Ormond, and Dame Iohan his Countise, the eight of Henry the sixt, Iohn Norton Esquier, Stephen Cauandish Draper, Maior, 1362. Thomas Cauan
dish, William Cauandish, Thomas Ganon called Pike, one of the Sheriffes, 1410. Hungate of Yorkeshire, Ambrose Cre
sacre, Iohn Trusbut Mercer, 1437. Thomas Norland She
riffe, 1483. Sir Edmond Sha Goldsmith Maior, 1482. Sir Thomas Hill knight, Henry Frowicke, Thomas Ilam She
riffe 1479. Launcelot Laken Esquier, Ralph Tylney Sheriffe, 1488. Garth Esquier, Iohn Ritch, Sir William Butler Grocer Mayor, 1515. William Browne Mercer Maior, 1513. Iohn Loke 1519. Sir Thomas Baldry, Mercer Maior, 1523. Sir William Locke, Mercer Sheriffe, 1548. Sir Iohn Allen Mer
cer Maior, 1525. deceased 1544. Sir Thomas Leigh Mercer, Mayor, 1558. Sir Richarde Malory Mercer Maior, 1564, Humphrey Baskaruile Mercer Sheriffe 1561. Sir George Bonde Maior, 1587, &c.
Before this Chappell towardes the streete, there was builded a fayre and beutifull
Chappell, arched ouer with stone, and there
upon the Mercers hall, a most curious peece of worke: Sir Iohn Allen before named being founder thereof was there buried: but since his Tombe is remoued into the great olde Chappell, and his Chappell is made into shops, and letten out for rent, by his suc
cessors the Mercers. These Mercers were enabled to be a Com
pany the 20. of Richarde the second, and king Henry the sixt, in the thirde of his raigne, at the request of Iohn Couentrie, Iohn Carpenter, and William Groue granted to the Mercers, to haue a Chaplaine and Brotherhoode for reeleefe of such of their Com
panie, as came to decay by misfortune on the sea. Next beyond the Mercers Chappell in Ironmonger lane, so called of Ironmongers dwelling there, in the 8. of Edwarde the first. In this lane is the small parish church of S. Martin called Pomery vpon what occa
sion certainely I know not, but it is supposed to bee of Apples,
upon the Mercers hall, a most curious peece of worke: Sir Iohn Allen before named being founder thereof was there buried: but since his Tombe is remoued into the great olde Chappell, and his Chappell is made into shops, and letten out for rent, by his suc
cessors the Mercers. These Mercers were enabled to be a Com
pany the 20. of Richarde the second, and king Henry the sixt, in the thirde of his raigne, at the request of Iohn Couentrie, Iohn Carpenter, and William Groue granted to the Mercers, to haue a Chaplaine and Brotherhoode for reeleefe of such of their Com
panie, as came to decay by misfortune on the sea. Next beyond the Mercers Chappell in Ironmonger lane, so called of Ironmongers dwelling there, in the 8. of Edwarde the first. In this lane is the small parish church of S. Martin called Pomery vpon what occa
sion certainely I know not, but it is supposed to bee of Apples,
growing
215
growing there
where now houses are lately builded, for my selfe haue seene the large voide
places there, monuments in this church be there none to account of.
Farther west is S. Lawrence lane,
so called of S. Lawrence
church, which standeth directly ouer against the north end thereof,
antiquities in this lane I finde none other, then that among many fayre houses,
there is one large Inne, for receipt of Trauellers, called Blossomes
Inne, but corruptly Bosomes
Inne, and hath to signe S. Lawrence the
Deacon, in a Border of blossomes
or flowers. Then neare to the Standard in Cheape is Hony
lane so called not of sweetenesse thereof,
being very narrow and some
what darke, but rather of often washing and sweeping, to keep it cleane. In this is the small parish church called Alhallowes in Hony lane,
sed licence of Henry the sixt, to conuey water, to make the Con
duite, now whether the Standarde in West Cheape so oft spoken of in former times, be the same and stoode iust in this place, or els
where, or that the same were remoueable, may bee some question: for it is manifest that in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, and at other times when the great iustinges, and other running on horse
backe were practised betwixt the great Crosse, and the great Con
duite at Sopars lane end, there was no such Standarde, or other Obstacle betweene them, neither was that streete paued with hard stone as now it is, we read that in the yeare 1293, three mē had their right hands striken off at the Standard in Cheap,
what darke, but rather of often washing and sweeping, to keep it cleane. In this is the small parish church called Alhallowes in Hony lane,
Parish church of Alhallowes Hony lane.
there bee no monumentes in
this church worth the noting. Without this lane is the Standarde in Cheape,
which Iohn
Wels Grocer Maior 1430. caused to be made with a small Cesterne for
fresh water, hauing one Cocke continually running, when the same is not turned nor
lockt, this was finished by his Executors. Thomas Knoles, and Iohn
Chichley they purchased licence of Henry the sixt, to conuey water, to make the Con
duite, now whether the Standarde in West Cheape so oft spoken of in former times, be the same and stoode iust in this place, or els
where, or that the same were remoueable, may bee some question: for it is manifest that in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, and at other times when the great iustinges, and other running on horse
backe were practised betwixt the great Crosse, and the great Con
duite at Sopars lane end, there was no such Standarde, or other Obstacle betweene them, neither was that streete paued with hard stone as now it is, we read that in the yeare 1293, three mē had their right hands striken off at the Standard in Cheap,
Men executed in west
Cheap
for rescuing of a Prisoner, it is verie likelie therefore
that the olde Crosse in Cheape (which was then
newlie builded) was also the Standarde.
In the yeare 1326. the Citizens tooke VValter
Stapleton Bishop of Excester and beheaded him with other at the
Stan
darde in Cheape: In the yeare 1399. King Henry the fourth caused the Blanch Charters made by Richarde the second, to bee
darde in Cheape, also Iacke Cade the Rebell beheaded the Lorde Say at the Standarde in Cheape, &c. Thus much for the Body of Cheape warde may suffice. Then followeth Catte streete (so called in Recordes the 24. ofHenry the sixt, now corruptlie Catteten street, which beginneth at the north end of Ironmon
ger lane, and runneth to the west end of Saint Lawrence church as is afore shewed. On the north side of this streete is the Guilde hall
lie the 1. Court of common Counsaile 2. The courte of the Lorde Maior, and his Brethren the Aldermen 3. The courte of Hust
inges 4. the court of Orphanes 5. the two courts of the Sheriffes 6. the courte of the Wardmote 7. the courte of Hallmote 8. the courte of requestes commonly called the courte of conscience 9. the Chamberlaines court for Prentizes, and making them free. This Guilde hall sayeth Robert Fabian, was begunne to bee builded new in the yeare 1411. the twelfth of Henry the fourth, by Thomas Knoles then Maior, and by his Brethren the Alder
men, and the same was made of a little Cottage, a large and great house, as now it standeth: towardes the charges whereof the Companies gaue large beneuolences, also offences of men were pardoned for summes of money towardes this worke, and there was extraordinarie fees raised, Fines, Amercementes, and other thinges imployed during seauen yeares, and a continuation there
of three yeares more, all to bee imployed to this building.
darde in Cheape: In the yeare 1399. King Henry the fourth caused the Blanch Charters made by Richarde the second, to bee
burnt
P4
216
burnt at the
Standarde in West Cheape. In the yeare 1381.
Wat Tylar be headed Richarde Lions and others in Cheape. In the yeare 1461. Iohn
Dauie had his hand striken off at the Standarde in Cheape, also Iacke Cade the Rebell beheaded the Lorde Say at the Standarde in Cheape, &c. Thus much for the Body of Cheape warde may suffice. Then followeth Catte streete (so called in Recordes the 24. ofHenry the sixt, now corruptlie Catteten street, which beginneth at the north end of Ironmon
ger lane, and runneth to the west end of Saint Lawrence church as is afore shewed. On the north side of this streete is the Guilde hall
The Guilde
hall and courts kept. Liber Flit wed
of this Citie, wherein the Courts for the Citie be kept, namelie the 1. Court of common Counsaile 2. The courte of the Lorde Maior, and his Brethren the Aldermen 3. The courte of Hust
inges 4. the court of Orphanes 5. the two courts of the Sheriffes 6. the courte of the Wardmote 7. the courte of Hallmote 8. the courte of requestes commonly called the courte of conscience 9. the Chamberlaines court for Prentizes, and making them free. This Guilde hall sayeth Robert Fabian, was begunne to bee builded new in the yeare 1411. the twelfth of Henry the fourth, by Thomas Knoles then Maior, and by his Brethren the Alder
men, and the same was made of a little Cottage, a large and great house, as now it standeth: towardes the charges whereof the Companies gaue large beneuolences, also offences of men were pardoned for summes of money towardes this worke, and there was extraordinarie fees raised, Fines, Amercementes, and other thinges imployed during seauen yeares, and a continuation there
of three yeares more, all to bee imployed to this building.
The first yeare of Henry
the sixt
Iohn Couentrie, and Iohn Carpentar Executors to Richarde
Whitington, gaue towards the pauing of this great hall twentie pound, and
the next yeare fif
teene pound more to the saide pauement, with harde stone of Purbecke, they also glased some Windowes thereof and of the Maiors Court, on euery which window the Armes of Richard Whitington are placed. The foundation of the Maiors court was laide in the thirde yeare of the raigne of Henry the sixt, and of the Portch on the South side of the Maiors court, in the fourth of the saide king. Then was builded the Maiors Chamber,
teene pound more to the saide pauement, with harde stone of Purbecke, they also glased some Windowes thereof and of the Maiors Court, on euery which window the Armes of Richard Whitington are placed. The foundation of the Maiors court was laide in the thirde yeare of the raigne of Henry the sixt, and of the Portch on the South side of the Maiors court, in the fourth of the saide king. Then was builded the Maiors Chamber,
and
217
and the
counsell chamber, with other roomes aboue the staires: last of all a stately porch
entering the great hall was erected, the front thereof towards the south, being
beautified with images of stone, such as is shewed by these verses following, made
about some 30. yeares since, by William Elderton, at that time an
Atturney in the Sheriffes courtes there.
Though most the images be pulled downe,
Verses
made on the images ouer the Guild hall gate.
And none be thought remaine in towne,
I am sure there be in London yet
Seuen images such and in such a place,
As few or none I thinke will hit,
Yet euery day they shew their face,
And thousands see them euery yeare,
But sew I thinke can tell me where,
Where Iesu Christ aloft doth stand,
Law and learning on either hand,
Names of i
mages.
mages.
Discipline in the Deuils necke,
And hard by her are three direct,
There Iustice, Fortitude & Temperance stand,
Where find ye the like in all this land.
Diuers Aldermen glased the great hall, and other courts as ap
peareth by their Armes in each window. William Hariot Dra
per Mayor 1481. gaue 40. pound to the making of two louers in the said Guildhal, and toward the glasing therof. The Kitchens
ed of later time, to wit, about the yeare 1501. by procurement of Edmond Shaw Goldsmith Mayor: since which time the May
ors feasts haue béene yearely kept there, which before time were kept in the Taylors hall, and the Grocers hall. Nicholas Al
win Grocer Mayor 1499. deceased 1505. gaue by his testament for a hanging of tapestrie, to serue for principal daies in the Guild
hall, 73. pound. 6. s̃. 8.ď. Now for the Chappell or Colledge of our Ladie Mary Magdalen, and of All-saintes by the Guildhall, called London Colledge, I reade that the same was builded a
bout the yeare 1299. And in a Recorde I find that Peter fane
lore, Adam Frauncis, and Henry Frowike Citizens gaue one Messuage with the apurtenances in the parish of Saint Fawstar
peareth by their Armes in each window. William Hariot Dra
per Mayor 1481. gaue 40. pound to the making of two louers in the said Guildhal, and toward the glasing therof. The Kitchens
Kitchens
by the Guildhall builded.
and other houses
of office, adioyning to this Guildhall were builded of later time, to wit, about the yeare 1501. by procurement of Edmond Shaw Goldsmith Mayor: since which time the May
ors feasts haue béene yearely kept there, which before time were kept in the Taylors hall, and the Grocers hall. Nicholas Al
win Grocer Mayor 1499. deceased 1505. gaue by his testament for a hanging of tapestrie, to serue for principal daies in the Guild
hall, 73. pound. 6. s̃. 8.ď. Now for the Chappell or Colledge of our Ladie Mary Magdalen, and of All-saintes by the Guildhall, called London Colledge, I reade that the same was builded a
bout the yeare 1299. And in a Recorde I find that Peter fane
lore, Adam Frauncis, and Henry Frowike Citizens gaue one Messuage with the apurtenances in the parish of Saint Fawstar
to
218
to William
Bramton Custos of the Chauntrie, by them founde in the said Chappell, with
foure Chaplens, and one other house in the parish of S.
Giles without Criplegate, in the 27. of Edward the
third, which was about the yeere 1353. Moreouer I finde
that Richard the 2. in the 20. of his raigne, graunted to Stephen Spilman, Mercer,
licence to giue one messuage, 3. shops, and one garden, with the apurtenances,
being in the parish of S. Andrew Hubbard, to the Custos and
chaplens of the said chappell, and to their successors for their better reliefe
and maintenance for euer.
King Henry the 6. in the eight of his raigne gaue licence to Iohn Barnard Custos, and
the chaplens to builde of new the saide chappell or
colledge of Guildhall, and the same Henry the 6. in the 27. of his raigne,
graunted to the parish Clearkes in London & Guilde of S.
Nicholas, for two Chaplens by them to bee
kept in the said Chappell
hall, and to keepe 7. almes people. Henry Barton Skinner May
or. founded a Chaplen there, Roger Depham Mercer, and Sir VVilliam Langford knight, had also chaplens there. This chap
pell or colledge had a Custos, 7. chaplens, 3. clearkes, and foure Queristers.
Chappell or Colledge at Guildhal new
builded.
of S. Mary Magdalene, neare vnto the
Guildhall, and to keepe 7. almes people. Henry Barton Skinner May
or. founded a Chaplen there, Roger Depham Mercer, and Sir VVilliam Langford knight, had also chaplens there. This chap
pell or colledge had a Custos, 7. chaplens, 3. clearkes, and foure Queristers.
Monumentes there haue béene sundry, as appeareth by the tombes of marble yet
remaining, seuen in number, but all defaced. The vppermost in the quire on the
South side thereof aboue the Reuestrie dore, was the tombe of Iohn Welles
uestrie dore, and other places on that side the Quire. Also in the Glasse window ouer this tombe, and in the East window is the likenesse of welles, with handes eleuated out of the same welles, holding scrowles, wherein is written Mercy, the writing in the East window being broken yet remayneth Welles. I founde his armes also in the South glasse windowe, all which do shewe that the East ende and South side the Quire of this chappell, and the Reuestrie were by him both builded and glased: on the North side the Quire the tomb of Thomas Kneseworth Fishmonger May
or 1505. who deceased 1515. was defaced, and within these 44. yeares againe renewed by the Fishmongers: two other tombes lower there are, the one of a Draper, the other of a Haberdasher, their names not knowne: Richard Stomine is written by in the
stos of the Chappell, chaplens & officers to the chamber. Amongst others Iohn Clipstone priest, sometime Custos of the librarie of the Guildhall 1457. An other of Edmond Alison priest, one of the Custos of the librarie 1510. &c. Sir Iohn Langley Gold
smith, Mayor 1576. lyeth buried in the vault, vnder the tombe and monument of Iohn Welles before named. This chappell or colledge (valued to dispence xij.l.viij. s̃.ix.ď.by the yeare) was surrendred amongst other, the chappell remaineth to the Mayor and communaltie, wherein they haue seruice wéekely, as also at the election of the Mayor, and at the Mayors feast, &c.
Iohn Wels a principall benefactor to Guildhall colledge.
Grocer Mayor, 1431.
The likenes of welles are grauen on the tombe, on the Reuestrie dore, and other places on that side the Quire. Also in the Glasse window ouer this tombe, and in the East window is the likenesse of welles, with handes eleuated out of the same welles, holding scrowles, wherein is written Mercy, the writing in the East window being broken yet remayneth Welles. I founde his armes also in the South glasse windowe, all which do shewe that the East ende and South side the Quire of this chappell, and the Reuestrie were by him both builded and glased: on the North side the Quire the tomb of Thomas Kneseworth Fishmonger May
or 1505. who deceased 1515. was defaced, and within these 44. yeares againe renewed by the Fishmongers: two other tombes lower there are, the one of a Draper, the other of a Haberdasher, their names not knowne: Richard Stomine is written by in the
window
219
window by the
Habardasher, vnder flat stones do lie diuers Custos of the Chappell, chaplens & officers to the chamber. Amongst others Iohn Clipstone priest, sometime Custos of the librarie of the Guildhall 1457. An other of Edmond Alison priest, one of the Custos of the librarie 1510. &c. Sir Iohn Langley Gold
smith, Mayor 1576. lyeth buried in the vault, vnder the tombe and monument of Iohn Welles before named. This chappell or colledge (valued to dispence xij.l.viij. s̃.ix.ď.by the yeare) was surrendred amongst other, the chappell remaineth to the Mayor and communaltie, wherein they haue seruice wéekely, as also at the election of the Mayor, and at the Mayors feast, &c.
Adioyning to this chappell on south side was sometime a fayre and large
librarie,
furnished with bookes, pertaining to the Guild
hall and colledge: These bookes (as it is said) were in the raigne of Edward the 6. sent for by Edward Duke of Sommerset, Lord Protector, with promise to be restored shortly: men laded from thence thrée Carriers with them, but neuer returned. This libra
rie was builded by the executors of R. Whittington, and by Wil
liam Burie: the armes of Whittington are placed on the one side in the stone worke, and two letters, to wit, W. and B. for William Burie, on the other side: it is now lofted through, and made a store house for clothes. Southwest from this Guildhall, is the faire parish church of S. Laurence called in the Iunie, because of olde time since the raigne of William Conqueror (that first brought Iewes from Roan into this realme) many Iewes inha
bited there about, vntill that in the yeare 1290. the 18. of Ed
ward the first they were wholly and for euer by the said king bani
shed
ges, till they were out of his dominions. The number of the Iewes at that time banished were 15060. persons whose houses being sold, the king made of them a mightie masse of money. This church is faire and large, and hath some monuments, as shall bee shewed. I my selfe more then 60. yeares since haue séene in this church the shanke bone of a man (as it is taken) and also a tooth of a very great bignesse hanged, vp for shewe in chaines of Iron vppon a pillar of stone, the tooth (being about the bignesse of a mans fist) is long since conueyed from thence+the thigh or shanke bone of 25. inches
ged on the stone pillar, it fretted with mouing the said pillar, and was not it selfe fretted, nor (as séemeth) is not yet lightned by re
maining drie: but where or when this bone was first found or dis
couered I haue not heard, and therfore reiecting the fables of some late writers I ouerpasse them. There lie buried in this church Elizabeth wife to Iohn Fortescue, Katherine Stoketon, Iohn Stratton, Phillip Albert, Iohn Fleming, Phillip Agmonde
sham, William Skywith, Iohn Norlong, Iohn Baker, Tho
mas Alleyne, William Barton Mercer, 1410. William Mel
rith Mercer, one of the Sheriffes, 1425. Simon Bartlet Mercer 1428. Walter Chartsey Draper one of the Sheriffes, 1430. Richard Rich Esquire of London the father, and Richard Rich his sonne Mercer one of the Sheriffes, 1441. deceased 1469. with this Epitaph.
hall and colledge: These bookes (as it is said) were in the raigne of Edward the 6. sent for by Edward Duke of Sommerset, Lord Protector, with promise to be restored shortly: men laded from thence thrée Carriers with them, but neuer returned. This libra
rie was builded by the executors of R. Whittington, and by Wil
liam Burie: the armes of Whittington are placed on the one side in the stone worke, and two letters, to wit, W. and B. for William Burie, on the other side: it is now lofted through, and made a store house for clothes. Southwest from this Guildhall, is the faire parish church of S. Laurence called in the Iunie, because of olde time since the raigne of William Conqueror (that first brought Iewes from Roan into this realme) many Iewes inha
bited there about, vntill that in the yeare 1290. the 18. of Ed
ward the first they were wholly and for euer by the said king bani
shed
The Iewes ba
nished Eng
land, the num
ber of them. The tooth of some mon
strous fish, as I take it.
this realme, hauing of their owne goodes to beare
their charnished Eng
land, the num
ber of them. The tooth of some mon
strous fish, as I take it.
ges, till they were out of his dominions. The number of the Iewes at that time banished were 15060. persons whose houses being sold, the king made of them a mightie masse of money. This church is faire and large, and hath some monuments, as shall bee shewed. I my selfe more then 60. yeares since haue séene in this church the shanke bone of a man (as it is taken) and also a tooth of a very great bignesse hanged, vp for shewe in chaines of Iron vppon a pillar of stone, the tooth (being about the bignesse of a mans fist) is long since conueyed from thence+the thigh or shanke bone of 25. inches
A shank bone of 25. inches long, of a
man as is said, but might be of an Oliphant,
in length by the rule,
remaineth yet fastened to
a post
220
a post of
timber, & is not so much to be noted for the length, as for the thicknes,
hardnes, and strength thereof, for when it was hanged on the stone pillar, it fretted with mouing the said pillar, and was not it selfe fretted, nor (as séemeth) is not yet lightned by re
maining drie: but where or when this bone was first found or dis
couered I haue not heard, and therfore reiecting the fables of some late writers I ouerpasse them. There lie buried in this church Elizabeth wife to Iohn Fortescue, Katherine Stoketon, Iohn Stratton, Phillip Albert, Iohn Fleming, Phillip Agmonde
sham, William Skywith, Iohn Norlong, Iohn Baker, Tho
mas Alleyne, William Barton Mercer, 1410. William Mel
rith Mercer, one of the Sheriffes, 1425. Simon Bartlet Mercer 1428. Walter Chartsey Draper one of the Sheriffes, 1430. Richard Rich Esquire of London the father, and Richard Rich his sonne Mercer one of the Sheriffes, 1441. deceased 1469. with this Epitaph.
Respice quod opus est præsentis temporis æuum,
Omne quod est, nihil est præter amare Deum.
This Richard was father to Iohn, buried in S. Thomas A
cars, which Iohn was father to Thomas, father to Richard L. Ritch, &c. Iohn Pickering, honorable for seruice of his Prince, and for the English Merchantes beyond the seas, who deceased 1448. Godfrey Bollen Mercer Mayor, 1437.Thomas Bollen his sonne Esquire of Norfolke 1471. Iohn Atkenson, gentle
man, Dame Mary S. Maure, Iohn Waltham, Roger Bonifant Iohn Chayhee, Iohn Abbot, Geffrey Filding Mayor 1452. and Angell his wife 1517. Simon Benington Draper, and Ioan his wife, Iohn Marshall Mercer Mayor 1493. Thomas Bur
goine gentleman Mercer 1517. a Countesse of Cornewall and Chester, but her name and time is not there apparent, Sir Ri
chard Gresham Mayor 1537. Sir Michell Dormer Mayor 1541. Robert Charsey one of the Sheriffes 1548. Sir William Row Ironmonger Mayor 1593. Thus much for Cheape ward, which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors xj. Counstables xi. Scauengers ix. for the Wardemote inquest xij. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fiftéene at 72. pounde, sixtéene shillings, and in the Exehequer at 72. pound.
cars, which Iohn was father to Thomas, father to Richard L. Ritch, &c. Iohn Pickering, honorable for seruice of his Prince, and for the English Merchantes beyond the seas, who deceased 1448. Godfrey Bollen Mercer Mayor, 1437.Thomas Bollen his sonne Esquire of Norfolke 1471. Iohn Atkenson, gentle
man, Dame Mary S. Maure, Iohn Waltham, Roger Bonifant Iohn Chayhee, Iohn Abbot, Geffrey Filding Mayor 1452. and Angell his wife 1517. Simon Benington Draper, and Ioan his wife, Iohn Marshall Mercer Mayor 1493. Thomas Bur
goine gentleman Mercer 1517. a Countesse of Cornewall and Chester, but her name and time is not there apparent, Sir Ri
chard Gresham Mayor 1537. Sir Michell Dormer Mayor 1541. Robert Charsey one of the Sheriffes 1548. Sir William Row Ironmonger Mayor 1593. Thus much for Cheape ward, which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellors xj. Counstables xi. Scauengers ix. for the Wardemote inquest xij. and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fiftéene at 72. pounde, sixtéene shillings, and in the Exehequer at 72. pound.
220
NExt to Cheape warde on the North side thereof is
Colemanstreet Ward, and beginneth also
in the East, on the course of Walbrooke in Lothbury and runneth west on the South side to the end
of Iron
mongers lane, and on the North side to the West corner of Bassings hall stréet. On the South side of Lothburie is the stréet called the old Iurie, the one halfe and better on both sides towards Cheape is of this Ward. On the North side lyeth Cole
manstreet, whereof the ward taketh name, wholly on both sides North to London wall, and from that North ende along by the wall, and Moregate East, to the course of Walbrooke. And a
gain from Colemanstreet west to the yron grates: and these be the bounds of this warde.
mongers lane, and on the North side to the West corner of Bassings hall stréet. On the South side of Lothburie is the stréet called the old Iurie, the one halfe and better on both sides towards Cheape is of this Ward. On the North side lyeth Cole
manstreet, whereof the ward taketh name, wholly on both sides North to London wall, and from that North ende along by the wall, and Moregate East, to the course of Walbrooke. And a
gain from Colemanstreet west to the yron grates: and these be the bounds of this warde.
Antiquities to be noted therein are these: First the stréete of Lothberie, Lathberie, or
Loadberie,
(for by all these names haue I
read it) tooke the name (as it séemeth) of Berie, or Court of old time there kept,
but by whom is growne out of memorie. This stréete is possessed for the most part
by Founders, that cast Can
dlestickes, Chafingdishes, Spice morters, and such like Copper or Laton workes, and do afterwarde turne them with the foot and not with the whéele, to make them smooth and bright with tur
ning and scrating (as some do tearme it) making a lothsome noyce to the by passers, that haue not béene vsed to the like, and there
fore by them disdainfully called Lothberie. On the South side of this stréet, amongst the Founders by some faire houses, and large for merchants, namely one that of old time was the Iewes Sina
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don a new order of Fryers, called de penitentia Iesu, or Fratres de sacca,
moue
Send information: after which time Elianor the Quéene, wife to Edward the first tooke into her protection, and warranted vnto the Prior, & brethren de Penitentia Iesu Chri
sti of London, the said lande and building in Colechurch stréete in the parish of S. Olaue in the Iurie, and S. Margaret in Lothbery by her granted, with consent of Stephen de Fulborne, vnder Warden of the Bridge house, & other brethren of that house for lx. marks of siluer, which they had receiued of ye said Prior & brethren of Repentance, to the building of ye said bridge. This order of friers gathered many good schollers, & multiplyed in number exceedingly, vntill the counsell at Lyons, by the which it was decréede, that from that time forth there should no more orders of begging Fry
ers be permitted, but only the foure orders, to wit, the Dominick or preachers, the Minorites or Gray Fryers, the Carmelites or white Fryers, and the Augustines: and so from that time the begging Friers decreased, and fell to nothing. Now it followed that in the yeare 1305. Robert Fitzwalter
ned of the said king Edward the first, that the same Fryers of the Sacke might assigne to the said Robert their chappel or church, of old time called the Sinagogue of the IewesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, néere adioyning to the then mansion place of the same Robert, where now standeth the Grocers hall: and the said Sinagogue was at the North cor
ner of the old Iurie. Robert Large Mercer, Mayor in the yeare 1439. kept his Mayoraltie in this house, and dwelled there vntill his dying day. This house standeth and is of two parishes, as o
pening into Lothberie, of S. Margarets parish, and opening into the old Iurie, of S. Olaues parish. The said Robert Large gaue liberally to both these parishes, but was buried at S. Olaues, Hugh Clopton Mercer Mayor, 1492. dwelled in this house, and kept his Mayoraltie there: it is nowe a Tauerne, and hath to signe a Windmill.
Send information, since a house of Fryers, then a Noble mans house: after that a marchantes house, wherein Mayoralties haue beene kept, and now a wine Tauerne.
dlestickes, Chafingdishes, Spice morters, and such like Copper or Laton workes, and do afterwarde turne them with the foot and not with the whéele, to make them smooth and bright with tur
ning and scrating (as some do tearme it) making a lothsome noyce to the by passers, that haue not béene vsed to the like, and there
fore by them disdainfully called Lothberie. On the South side of this stréet, amongst the Founders by some faire houses, and large for merchants, namely one that of old time was the Iewes Sina
gogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information,
The Iewes Si
nagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information.
which was defaced by the citizens
of London after that they had slaine 700. Iewes and spoyled the residue
of their goods in the yeare 1262. the 47. of Henry the third. And not long after in the yeare 1291.
King Edward the first banished the renmant of the Iewes out of
England, as is aforeshewed. The said sinagogue being so suppressed
certaine Friers got possession thereof: For in the yeare 1257. (saith Mathew
Parris) there were séene in LonnagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information.
don a new order of Fryers, called de penitentia Iesu, or Fratres de sacca,
Fratres de sacca
or de pe
nitentia.
because they
were apparelled in sackecloth, who had their house in London, néere vnto
Aldersgate without the gate, and had licence of
Henry the third, in the 54. of his raigne, to renitentia.
moue
from
221
from
thence to any other place: and in
the 56. he gaue vnto them this Iewes
SinagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information: after which time Elianor the Quéene, wife to Edward the first tooke into her protection, and warranted vnto the Prior, & brethren de Penitentia Iesu Chri
sti of London, the said lande and building in Colechurch stréete in the parish of S. Olaue in the Iurie, and S. Margaret in Lothbery by her granted, with consent of Stephen de Fulborne, vnder Warden of the Bridge house, & other brethren of that house for lx. marks of siluer, which they had receiued of ye said Prior & brethren of Repentance, to the building of ye said bridge. This order of friers gathered many good schollers, & multiplyed in number exceedingly, vntill the counsell at Lyons, by the which it was decréede, that from that time forth there should no more orders of begging Fry
ers be permitted, but only the foure orders, to wit, the Dominick or preachers, the Minorites or Gray Fryers, the Carmelites or white Fryers, and the Augustines: and so from that time the begging Friers decreased, and fell to nothing. Now it followed that in the yeare 1305. Robert Fitzwalter
Robert Fitz
walter his house.
requested and obtaiwalter his house.
ned of the said king Edward the first, that the same Fryers of the Sacke might assigne to the said Robert their chappel or church, of old time called the Sinagogue of the IewesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, néere adioyning to the then mansion place of the same Robert, where now standeth the Grocers hall: and the said Sinagogue was at the North cor
ner of the old Iurie. Robert Large Mercer, Mayor in the yeare 1439. kept his Mayoraltie in this house, and dwelled there vntill his dying day. This house standeth and is of two parishes, as o
pening into Lothberie, of S. Margarets parish, and opening into the old Iurie, of S. Olaues parish. The said Robert Large gaue liberally to both these parishes, but was buried at S. Olaues, Hugh Clopton Mercer Mayor, 1492. dwelled in this house, and kept his Mayoraltie there: it is nowe a Tauerne, and hath to signe a Windmill.
The Wind
mill Tauerne in the old Iurie.
And thus much for this
house sometime the Iewes SinagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.mill Tauerne in the old Iurie.
Send information, since a house of Fryers, then a Noble mans house: after that a marchantes house, wherein Mayoralties haue beene kept, and now a wine Tauerne.
In the Olde Iurie is a proper parish Church of S. Olaue,
in which to the commendation of the parishioners, the
monumentes of the deade remaine lesse defaced then in many other: First of
riffes 1367. Robert Haueloke Ironmonger, 1390. Iohn Or
gan Mercer one of the Sheriffes 1385. Iohn Forest Uicker of S. Olaues, and the chappell annexed of S. Stephen 1399. Henry Eriole Taylor, 1400. Thomas Morsted Esquire Chirurgion to Henry the fourth, fift and sixt, one of the Sheriffes, 1436. hee builded a faire new Ile, to the inlargement of this church, on the North side thereof, wherin he lyeth buried 1450. Adam Break
speare Chaplen 1411. VVilliam Kerkbie Mercer 1465. Ro
bert Large Mercer Mayor 1440. He gaue to that Church 200 pound. Iohn Belwine Founder, 1467. Gabriel Raue Fuller 1511. Wentworth Esquire 1510. Thomas Michell Iron
monger 1527. Giles Dewes seruant to Henry the seuenth, and to Henry the eight Clearke of their libraries, and Schoolemaister for the French tongue to Prince Arthur, and to the Ladie Mary, 1535. Richard Chamberlaine Ironmonger, one of the She
riffes 1562. Edmond Burlacy Mercer 1583. &c.
VVilliam
222
VVilliam Dickman Ferono, or Ironmonger one of the Sheriffes 1367. Robert Haueloke Ironmonger, 1390. Iohn Or
gan Mercer one of the Sheriffes 1385. Iohn Forest Uicker of S. Olaues, and the chappell annexed of S. Stephen 1399. Henry Eriole Taylor, 1400. Thomas Morsted Esquire Chirurgion to Henry the fourth, fift and sixt, one of the Sheriffes, 1436. hee builded a faire new Ile, to the inlargement of this church, on the North side thereof, wherin he lyeth buried 1450. Adam Break
speare Chaplen 1411. VVilliam Kerkbie Mercer 1465. Ro
bert Large Mercer Mayor 1440. He gaue to that Church 200 pound. Iohn Belwine Founder, 1467. Gabriel Raue Fuller 1511. Wentworth Esquire 1510. Thomas Michell Iron
monger 1527. Giles Dewes seruant to Henry the seuenth, and to Henry the eight Clearke of their libraries, and Schoolemaister for the French tongue to Prince Arthur, and to the Ladie Mary, 1535. Richard Chamberlaine Ironmonger, one of the She
riffes 1562. Edmond Burlacy Mercer 1583. &c.
From this parish church of S. Olaue, to the
North ende of the Old Iurie, and from thence West to
the North ende of the Iron
mongers lane, and from the sayde corner into Ironmongers lane almost to the parrish Church of Saynt Marten, was of olde time one large building of stone, very auncient, but of what antiquitie, or by whom the same was builded, or for what vse I haue not learned more then that king Henry the 6. in the 16. of his raigne, gaue the office of being Porter or keeper thereof, vnto Iohn Stent for tearme of his life, by the name of his principall pallace in the olde Iurie: this was in my youth called the old war
drope: but of later time the outwarde stone wall hath béene by lit
tle and little taken downe, and diuers fayre houses builded there
vpon, euen round about.
mongers lane, and from the sayde corner into Ironmongers lane almost to the parrish Church of Saynt Marten, was of olde time one large building of stone, very auncient, but of what antiquitie, or by whom the same was builded, or for what vse I haue not learned more then that king Henry the 6. in the 16. of his raigne, gaue the office of being Porter or keeper thereof, vnto Iohn Stent for tearme of his life, by the name of his principall pallace in the olde Iurie: this was in my youth called the old war
drope: but of later time the outwarde stone wall hath béene by lit
tle and little taken downe, and diuers fayre houses builded there
vpon, euen round about.
Now for the North side of this Lothburie, beginning
againe at the East end thereof, vpon the water course of Walbrooke haue ye a proper parish church called of S. Margaret,
which séemeth to be newly
reedified and builded about the yeare 1440. for Robert
Large gaue to the Quire of that church, 100. shillings and twen
tie pounde for ornamentes, more to the vaulting ouer the water
course of Walbrooke by the saide church, for the inlarging thereof two hundred markes.
tie pounde for ornamentes, more to the vaulting ouer the water
course of Walbrooke by the saide church, for the inlarging thereof two hundred markes.
There
223
There be
monumentes in this church of Reginald Coleman sonne to Robert
Coleman buried there 1383. This saide Robert Coleman may be supposed to be the first builder and honor of Coleman stréete, and that Saint Stephens church then builded in Coleman streete was but a chappell, belonging to the parish Church of Saint Olaue in the Iury: for we reade (as afore) that Iohn Forest Uicker of Saint Olaues, and of the chappel annexed of S. Stephen, deceased in the yeare 1399. This may bee some argument, which I ouerpasse. Sir Brian Tewke knight, Trea
surer of the chamber to King Henry the eight, and Dame Grisil
de his wife that deceased after him was there buried, 1536. Iohn Fetiplace Draper Esquire 1464. and Ioan his wife. Sir Hugh VVitch Mercer Knight, sonne to Richard VVitch intombed there 1466. He gaue to his third wife thrée thousand pounde, and to maides mariages fiue hundred markes: Sir Iohn Leigh 1564 with this Epitaph.
No wealth, no prayse, no bright renowne no skill,
No force, no fame, no princes loue, no toyle,
Though forraigne land by trauaile search ye will,
No faithfull seruice of the country soyle
Can life prolong one minute of an houre,
But death at length will execute his power,
For Sir Iohn Leigh to sundry countries knowne,
A worthy knight well of his prince esteemde,
By seeing much to great experience growne
Though safe on seas, though sure on land he seemde,
Yet here hee lyeth too soone by death opprest,
His fame yet liues, his soule in heauen doth rest.
By the West end of this parish church haue ye a faire water Conduit,
builded at the charges of the cittie, in the yeare one thou
sand fiue hundred fortie sixe. Sir Martin Bowes being Mayor: this water is conueyed in great abundance from diuers springes without the North wall of the cittie, lying betwixt Hoxton and Iseldon.
sand fiue hundred fortie sixe. Sir Martin Bowes being Mayor: this water is conueyed in great abundance from diuers springes without the North wall of the cittie, lying betwixt Hoxton and Iseldon.
Next is the Founders Hall,
ded of stone &c. a part whereof hath beene lately imployed as a market house for the sale of Wollen, Bayes,
nels and such like. In this north side against the olde Iury, is Colemanstreete, so called of Coleman the first Builder and Ow
ner thereof, as also of Cole church or Coleman church, against the great conduite in Cheape. This is a fayre and large streete re
plenished on both sides with diuers fayre houses, besides Allies and small Tenementes in great number.
The Founders Hall.
a
proper house, and so long West to the Southwest corner of Bassinges Hall stréete, haue ye
fayre
225
fayre and
large houses for marchantes: namely the corner house. at the ende of
Bassinges hall streete, an old peece of worke
builded of stone &c. a part whereof hath beene lately imployed as a market house for the sale of Wollen, Bayes,
The Bay hall.
Wodmels, Flanels and such like. In this north side against the olde Iury, is Colemanstreete, so called of Coleman the first Builder and Ow
ner thereof, as also of Cole church or Coleman church, against the great conduite in Cheape. This is a fayre and large streete re
plenished on both sides with diuers fayre houses, besides Allies and small Tenementes in great number.
On the east side of this streete, almost at the north ende there
of, is the Armorers hal: also on the same side is kinges Alley, and Loue lane, both conteyning many Tenements. And on the west side towardes the south end is the parish Church of S. Stephen,
mas Bradbury Mercer Maior, in the yeare 1509. was buried there, his Tomb is on the north side the Quire, & also one Edmond Harlocke Curriar to bee a great benefactor, Sir Iohn Garme, Skirringham, 1468. Richard Hamney 1418. Richard Colsel, &c. By the east end of this church is placed a Cocke of sweete water,
men Goldsmith Maior, 1517. And let here be the ende of this ward, which hath an Alderman his deputie, common Councellors foure, Constables foure, Scauengers foure, of the Wardmote inquest thirteene and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in Lon
don, at 19. £. and in the Exchequer’ at 19.l.
of, is the Armorers hal: also on the same side is kinges Alley, and Loue lane, both conteyning many Tenements. And on the west side towardes the south end is the parish Church of S. Stephen,
Parish church of S. Stephen.
where the monumentes
are defaced, there is one Tombe on the South side the Quire but without
inscription. I read that Thomas Bradbury Mercer Maior, in the yeare 1509. was buried there, his Tomb is on the north side the Quire, & also one Edmond Harlocke Curriar to bee a great benefactor, Sir Iohn Garme, Skirringham, 1468. Richard Hamney 1418. Richard Colsel, &c. By the east end of this church is placed a Cocke of sweete water,
Cocke of water
by the Church.
taken out of the maine pipe that goeth into Lothbery:
also in London wal
Coduite at London
wal.
directly against the north end of Coleman streete, haue yee a conduite of water made at the charges of
Thomas Exmen Goldsmith Maior, 1517. And let here be the ende of this ward, which hath an Alderman his deputie, common Councellors foure, Constables foure, Scauengers foure, of the Wardmote inquest thirteene and a Beadle. It is taxed to the fifteene, in Lon
don, at 19. £. and in the Exchequer’ at 19.l.
THe next adioyning to Colemanstreete ward on the
west side thereof is Bassinges hall warde,
a small thing & consisteth of one street called Bassinges hal streete, of Bassinges hall, the most principall house of that streete whereof the
warde taketh name. It beginneth in the south by the late spoken market house
called the Bay hall, which is the last house of Colemanstreete warde,
lished thus, Henry king of England, Duke of Normandy, and of Gwian, Earle of Andiow, to the Bishop, Iustices, Sheriffes, Barons, Ministers, and al his trew Leagues of London, sendeth greeting, know ye that we haue granted to the Weauers in Lon
don, their Guilde to be had in London, with all the Freedomes, and Customes, that they had in time of king Henry my Grand
father102, so that none but they intermit within the citie of their craft but hee bee of their Guilde, neither in Southwarke or other pla
ces pertayning to London, otherwise then it was done in the time of king Henry my Grandfather: wherfore I will and straightly command that ouer all lawfully, they may treat, and haue all a
foresaide, as well in peace, free, worshipfull, and wholy, as they had it, freer, better, worshipfullier, and wholier, then in the time of king Henry my Grandfather, so that they yeeld yearelie to mee two markes of gold, at the feast of S. Michæll103, and I forbid that any man to them do any vnright, or disease, vpon pain of ten pound witnes Thomas of Canterbury, Warwicke fili Gar. Cham
berlaine at Winchester.
uers that had a Guilde or Fraternitie in London, wherein it ap
peareth that the saide Weauers made wolen cloth, and that they had the correction thereof, but amongst other Articles in that patent, it was decreede, that if any man made cloth of Spanish wooll, mixed with English Wooll, the Port graue, or principall magistrate of London ought to burne it, &c.
this
226
this
streete runneth from thence north down to London
wall, and some little distance both east and west, against the saide
wall, and this is the boundes of Bassinges hall
warde. Monumentes of building on the east side thereof, amongst diuers
fayre houses for marchants, haue ye 3. halles of Companies, namely,
the Masons hall for ye
first, but of what antiquitie that Company I haue not read. The next is the Weauers hal,
which Companie hath been of
great antiquitie in this Citie, as appeareth by a Charter of Henry the
second,
Patent of H. 2.
in these
wordes, Rex omnibus ad quos &c. to be englished thus, Henry king of England, Duke of Normandy, and of Gwian, Earle of Andiow, to the Bishop, Iustices, Sheriffes, Barons, Ministers, and al his trew Leagues of London, sendeth greeting, know ye that we haue granted to the Weauers in Lon
don, their Guilde to be had in London, with all the Freedomes, and Customes, that they had in time of king Henry my Grand
father102, so that none but they intermit within the citie of their craft but hee bee of their Guilde, neither in Southwarke or other pla
ces pertayning to London, otherwise then it was done in the time of king Henry my Grandfather: wherfore I will and straightly command that ouer all lawfully, they may treat, and haue all a
foresaide, as well in peace, free, worshipfull, and wholy, as they had it, freer, better, worshipfullier, and wholier, then in the time of king Henry my Grandfather, so that they yeeld yearelie to mee two markes of gold, at the feast of S. Michæll103, and I forbid that any man to them do any vnright, or disease, vpon pain of ten pound witnes Thomas of Canterbury, Warwicke fili Gar. Cham
berlaine at Winchester.
Patent
Also I read that the same Henry the
second in the 31: of his raigne, made
a confirmation to the Weauers that had a Guilde or Fraternitie in London, wherein it ap
peareth that the saide Weauers made wolen cloth, and that they had the correction thereof, but amongst other Articles in that patent, it was decreede, that if any man made cloth of Spanish wooll, mixed with English Wooll, the Port graue, or principall magistrate of London ought to burne it, &c.
Moreouer in the yeare 1197. king Richarde the first at
the instance of
Hubert Archbishop of Canterbury and Iusticiar of
England ordeyned that the wollen clothes in euery part of this realme
should be in bredth two yards within the listes and as good
rels, or clothlisted, according to the constitution made for bredth of cloth, the ninth of his raigne, &c.
in
227
in the
middest as in the sides &c. King Henry the thirde granted to the
citizens of London that they should not be vexed, for the burels, or clothlisted, according to the constitution made for bredth of cloth, the ninth of his raigne, &c.
On the west side almost at the south end thereof is Bakewel hall, corruptlie called Blackewell
hall,
concerning the originall whereof I haue heard diuers
opinions, which I ouerpasse as fa
bles, without colour of truth, for though the same seemed a buil
ding of great antiquitie, yet in mine opinion the foundation there
of was first laide since the Conquest of VVilliam Duke of Nor
mandy: for the same was builded vpon vaultes of stone, which stone was brought from Cane in Normandy, the like of that of Paules Church, builded by Mauritious and his successors Bi
shops of London: but that this house hath beene a Temple or Iewish SinagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information (as some haue fantasied) I allow not, seeing that it hath no such forme of roundnes, or other likenesse, neither had it the forme of a Church, for the assembly of Christians which are builded East and West, but contrariwise the same was builded North and South, and in forme of a noble mans house, and therefore the best opinion in my indgement is that, it was of olde time belongiug to the family of the Bassinges, which was in this Realme, a name of great antiquitie and renowne, and that it bare also the name of that family, and was called therefore Bassinges
pecially on the walles of the hall, which carried a continuall pain
ting of them on euery side so close together, as one escutcheō could be placed by another, which I my selfe haue often seene and noted before the old building was taken downe: these Armes were a Gerond of twelue pointes, golde and azure. Of the Bassinges
bles, without colour of truth, for though the same seemed a buil
ding of great antiquitie, yet in mine opinion the foundation there
of was first laide since the Conquest of VVilliam Duke of Nor
mandy: for the same was builded vpon vaultes of stone, which stone was brought from Cane in Normandy, the like of that of Paules Church, builded by Mauritious and his successors Bi
shops of London: but that this house hath beene a Temple or Iewish SinagogueMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information (as some haue fantasied) I allow not, seeing that it hath no such forme of roundnes, or other likenesse, neither had it the forme of a Church, for the assembly of Christians which are builded East and West, but contrariwise the same was builded North and South, and in forme of a noble mans house, and therefore the best opinion in my indgement is that, it was of olde time belongiug to the family of the Bassinges, which was in this Realme, a name of great antiquitie and renowne, and that it bare also the name of that family, and was called therefore Bassinges
Armes
of the Bassinges
Haugh, or Hall: whereunto I am the rather induced, for that the Armes of
that family were of olde time so abundantlie placed in sundry partes of that
house, euen in the stone worke, but more especially on the walles of the hall, which carried a continuall pain
ting of them on euery side so close together, as one escutcheō could be placed by another, which I my selfe haue often seene and noted before the old building was taken downe: these Armes were a Gerond of twelue pointes, golde and azure. Of the Bassinges
How Bassings hall
warde tooke that name:
therefore builders of this house, and
owners of the ground, neare adioyning, that warde taketh the name, as Coleman street warde of Coleman, and Faringden warde of VVilliam and Nicholas
Faringden, men that were principall owners of those places.
And of olde time the most noble persons that inhabited this
phen, after that Godfrey de Magnauile the sonne of William the sonne of Godfrey de Magnauile Earles of Essex, were Port
graues or Sheriffes of London, and Middlesex. In the raigne of Henry the second, Peter Fitzwalter: after him Iohn Fitznigel &c. so likewise in the raigne of king Iohn, the 16. of his raigne, a time of great trobles in the yeare 1214. Salomon Bassing,
sing sonne to Salomon (as it seemeth) was one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1243. the 28. of Henry the thirde.
Citie
228
Citie,
were appointed to be principall magistrates there, as was Godfrey de
Magun (or Magnauile) Portgraue or Sheriffe, in the raign of William
Conqueror, and of William Rufus, Hugh de Buch, in the raigne of Henry the
first, Aubery de vere Earle of Oxforde, after him
Gilbert Becket, in the raigne of king Stephen, after that Godfrey de Magnauile the sonne of William the sonne of Godfrey de Magnauile Earles of Essex, were Port
graues or Sheriffes of London, and Middlesex. In the raigne of Henry the second, Peter Fitzwalter: after him Iohn Fitznigel &c. so likewise in the raigne of king Iohn, the 16. of his raigne, a time of great trobles in the yeare 1214. Salomon Bassing,
Sallomon Bassing
and other of that name.
and Hugh Bassing, Barons of this
Realme, as may be supposed were Sheriffes: and the saide Salomon Bassing
was Maior in the yere 1216. which was the first of Henry the
thirde, also Adam Bassing sonne to Salomon (as it seemeth) was one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1243. the 28. of Henry the thirde.
Unto this Adam de Bassing, king Henry the thirde in the 31 of his raigne gaue
and confirmed certaine messuages in Alderman bury,
and in Milke streete (places not far from Bassinges hall) with the aduowson of the Church at
Bassinges hal, with sundrie liberties and
priuiledges.
This man was afterwardes Maior in the yeare 1251. the 36. of Henry the
thirde, moreouer Thomas Bassing was one of the Sheriffes, 1269.
Robert Bassing Sheriffe, 1279. and Willi
am Bassing was Sheriffe 1308. &c. for more of the Bassinges in this Citie I need not note, onely I read of a branch of this family of Bassinges, to haue spread it self into Cambridgeshire, near vnto a water or bourne, and was therefore for a difference from other of that name, called Bassing
am Bassing was Sheriffe 1308. &c. for more of the Bassinges in this Citie I need not note, onely I read of a branch of this family of Bassinges, to haue spread it self into Cambridgeshire, near vnto a water or bourne, and was therefore for a difference from other of that name, called Bassing
Bassing
borne
at the bourn, and more shortly Bassing
borne. But this family is also worne out, and hath
left the name to the place, where they dwelt. Thus much for this Bassinges hall.
Now how Blakewell hall
chæll of Bassings haugh, and of S. Lawrence in the Iury of London, and one messuage, two shops, and one Garden, in the saide parish of S. Michæll, which they held of the king in bur
gage, might giue and assigne to the Maior and Comminaltie for e
uer.
Bakewel hall giuen to the
Citie.
tooke that name is an other question: for which I reade that
Thomas Bakewell dwelled in this house, in the six and thirteth of
Edwarde the thirde, and that in the 20. of Richarde the
second, the saide king for the summe of fifty poundes which the Maior
and Comminaltie had paide into the Hanapar granted, licence so much as was in him
to
[[insert signature]]
229
to
Iohn Frosh, William Parker, and Stephen Spilman (Citizens and
Mercers) that they, the saide messuage, called Bakewell hal, and one garden with the appurtenances in
the parish of S. Michæll of Bassings haugh, and of S. Lawrence in the Iury of London, and one messuage, two shops, and one Garden, in the saide parish of S. Michæll, which they held of the king in bur
gage, might giue and assigne to the Maior and Comminaltie for e
uer.
This Bakewell hall
ployed as a weekelie market place, for all sortes of Wollen clothes broade and narrow, brought from all parts of this Realme, there to be solde. The which house of late yeares growing ruinous and in danger of falling, Richarde May Marchant Taylor at his decease gaue towardes the new building
formed within three yeres after his decease, whereupon the olde Bakewell hal, was taken downe, and in the moneth of February next following, the foundation of a new strong & beutifull Store house being laide, the worke thereof was so diligently applied that within the space of ten monethes after, to the charges of fiue and twentie hundred poundes, the same was finished in the yeare 1588.
Bakewell hal a market place for wollen
clothes.
thus established, hath beene long since imployed as a weekelie market place, for all sortes of Wollen clothes broade and narrow, brought from all parts of this Realme, there to be solde. The which house of late yeares growing ruinous and in danger of falling, Richarde May Marchant Taylor at his decease gaue towardes the new building
Bakewell
hall new builded.
of the outward part thereof 300.
pounde104s vpon condition that the same should be performed within three yeres after his decease, whereupon the olde Bakewell hal, was taken downe, and in the moneth of February next following, the foundation of a new strong & beutifull Store house being laide, the worke thereof was so diligently applied that within the space of ten monethes after, to the charges of fiue and twentie hundred poundes, the same was finished in the yeare 1588.
Next beyond this house be placed diuers fayre houses for mar
chantes and others, till yee come to the backe gate of Guild hall, which gate and parte of the building within the same, is of this warde. Some small distance beyond this gate, the Coopers haue their common hall. Then is the parish church of S. Michæll. called S. Michæll at Bassinges hall, a proper church lately ree
dified, or new builded, whereto Iohn Barton Mercer and Agnes his wife were great benefactors, as appeareth by his marke pla
ced throughout the whole roofe of the Quier, and middle Ile of the church, hee deceased in the yeare 1460. and was buried in the Quire with this Epitaph.
chantes and others, till yee come to the backe gate of Guild hall, which gate and parte of the building within the same, is of this warde. Some small distance beyond this gate, the Coopers haue their common hall. Then is the parish church of S. Michæll. called S. Michæll at Bassinges hall, a proper church lately ree
dified, or new builded, whereto Iohn Barton Mercer and Agnes his wife were great benefactors, as appeareth by his marke pla
ced throughout the whole roofe of the Quier, and middle Ile of the church, hee deceased in the yeare 1460. and was buried in the Quire with this Epitaph.
Iohn Barton lyeth vnder here,
Sometimes of London Citizen and Mercer,
And Ienet his wife, with their progeny,
Beene turned to earth as yee may see,
Pray for vs wee you pray,
As you see vs in this degree,
So shall you bee another day.
Frances Cooke, Iohn Martin, Edward Bromflit, Esqui
er of Warwickshire, 1460. Richard Barnes, Sir Roger Roe, Roger Velden, 1479. Sir Iames Yarforde, Mercer Maior, deceased 1527. and buried vnder a fayre Tombe with his Lady in a speciall Chappell by him builded, on the North side the Quier, Sir Iohn Gresham Mercer Maior, who deceased 1554. Sir Iohn Ailife Chirurgeon, then a Grocer, one of the Sheriffes, 1548. Nicholas Bakhurst one of the Sheriffes 1577. VVolstō Dixie Skinner Maior, 1585. &c. And thus I ende this warde, which hath an Alderman his Deputie, for common Counsaile 4. Constables two, Scauengers two, for the Wardmote inquest seauenteene, and a Beadle, it is taxed to the fiteene in London seauen pound, and likewise in the Exchequer at
er of Warwickshire, 1460. Richard Barnes, Sir Roger Roe, Roger Velden, 1479. Sir Iames Yarforde, Mercer Maior, deceased 1527. and buried vnder a fayre Tombe with his Lady in a speciall Chappell by him builded, on the North side the Quier, Sir Iohn Gresham Mercer Maior, who deceased 1554. Sir Iohn Ailife Chirurgeon, then a Grocer, one of the Sheriffes, 1548. Nicholas Bakhurst one of the Sheriffes 1577. VVolstō Dixie Skinner Maior, 1585. &c. And thus I ende this warde, which hath an Alderman his Deputie, for common Counsaile 4. Constables two, Scauengers two, for the Wardmote inquest seauenteene, and a Beadle, it is taxed to the fiteene in London seauen pound, and likewise in the Exchequer at
THe Next ward is called of Criplesgate,
and con
sisteth of diuers streetes and lanes, lying aswell without the gate and wall of the citie, as with in: for first within the wall on the east parte thereof, towardes the north it runneth to the west side of Bassinges hal ward: and towards the south it ioyneth to the warde of Cheape, it beginneth at the west ende of S. Lawrence church, in the Iury, on the north side and runneth west to a Pump, where sometime was a well, with two Bucketes, at the south corner of Aldermanbury streete, which streete runneth downe north to Gay spurre lane, and so to London wall, which streete and lane are wholy on both sides of this warde, and so bee some few houses on both the sides from Gay spurre lane, by and against the wall of the citie, east to the Grates made for the Watercourse of the channels, and west to Criples gate. Now on the south side from ouer against the west end of S. Lawrence church, to the Pumpe, and then vp Milke streete, south vnto Cheape, which Milkestreete, is wholy on both the sides of Cripplegate warde, as also without the South
darde to the Crosse, is all of Cripplegate warde. Then downe greate Woodstreete, which is wholy of this warde on both the sides thereof, so is little Woodstreete which runneth downe to Cripplegate.
sisteth of diuers streetes and lanes, lying aswell without the gate and wall of the citie, as with in: for first within the wall on the east parte thereof, towardes the north it runneth to the west side of Bassinges hal ward: and towards the south it ioyneth to the warde of Cheape, it beginneth at the west ende of S. Lawrence church, in the Iury, on the north side and runneth west to a Pump, where sometime was a well, with two Bucketes, at the south corner of Aldermanbury streete, which streete runneth downe north to Gay spurre lane, and so to London wall, which streete and lane are wholy on both sides of this warde, and so bee some few houses on both the sides from Gay spurre lane, by and against the wall of the citie, east to the Grates made for the Watercourse of the channels, and west to Criples gate. Now on the south side from ouer against the west end of S. Lawrence church, to the Pumpe, and then vp Milke streete, south vnto Cheape, which Milkestreete, is wholy on both the sides of Cripplegate warde, as also without the South
ende
231
end of Milkestreete, a part of west
Cheape, to wit from the standarde to the Crosse, is all of Cripplegate warde. Then downe greate Woodstreete, which is wholy of this warde on both the sides thereof, so is little Woodstreete which runneth downe to Cripplegate.
Out of this Woodstreete be diuers lanes, namely on
the east side is Lad lane, which runneth east to
Milkestreete corner, down lower in Woodstreete is Loue
lane, which lyeth by the south side of S. Albons
church in Woodstreete, and runneth downe to the Conduite in Aldermanbury stréete. Lower downe in Woode
streete is Addlestreete, out of the which runneth Phillippe lane, downe to London wall. These be the lanes on the east side.
streete is Addlestreete, out of the which runneth Phillippe lane, downe to London wall. These be the lanes on the east side.
On the west side of Woodestreete is Hugen lane by the south side of S. Michæls church, and goeth through to Guthuruns lane. Then lower is Maiden lane, which runneth west to the North end of Guthurouns lane, and vp to the said lane on the east
side thereof, till against Kery lane, and backe
againe: then the saide Maiden lane, on the north
side goeth vp to Stayning lane, and vp a part
thereof on the east side, to the farthest north part of Haber
dashers hall, and backe againe to Woodstreete, and there lower downe is Siluer streete, which is of this warde, till yee come to the east end of S. Oliues church, on the south side, and to Munkes well streete on the north side, then downe the saide Munkes well streete on the East side thereof, and so to Criples gate, doe make the bounds of this warde, within the walles.
dashers hall, and backe againe to Woodstreete, and there lower downe is Siluer streete, which is of this warde, till yee come to the east end of S. Oliues church, on the south side, and to Munkes well streete on the north side, then downe the saide Munkes well streete on the East side thereof, and so to Criples gate, doe make the bounds of this warde, within the walles.
Without Cripplegate, Forestreete runneth thwart
before the gate, from against the North side of S.
Giles church, along to More lane end,
and to a Posterne lane ende that runneth betwixt the
Towne ditch on the south, and certaine gardens on the
North almost to Moregate, at the east of which lane
is a pat-makers house, which house with all other the gardens, houses, and Allies
on that side the Morefieldes, till yee come to a
Bridge and Cow
house neare vnto Fensbery Court is all of Criplegate ward: then to turn backe again through the said Posterne lane to More lane, which More lane with all the Allies and buildinges there, is of this warde, after that is Grubstreete, more then halfe thereof to the straightning of the streete, next is Whitecrosse streete, vp to the end of Bech lane, and then Redcrosse streete wholy, with a
der.
house neare vnto Fensbery Court is all of Criplegate ward: then to turn backe again through the said Posterne lane to More lane, which More lane with all the Allies and buildinges there, is of this warde, after that is Grubstreete, more then halfe thereof to the straightning of the streete, next is Whitecrosse streete, vp to the end of Bech lane, and then Redcrosse streete wholy, with a
parte
Q4
232
parte of
Goldinglane, euen to the Posts there placed, as a
hounder.
Then is Bech lane before spoken of, on the east side
of the Red crosse, and the Barbican streete, more then halfe thereof, towarde Aldersgate streete, and so haue you all the boundes of
Criplegate warde without the walles.
Now for Antiquities and Ornamentes in this warde, meete to be noted: I finde first
at the meeting of the corners of the olde Iury, Milkestreete, Lad lane,
and Aldermanbury, there was of olde time a fayre
well with two buckets, of late yeares conuerted to a Pumpe,
nued & the courts of the Maior & Aldermen were continually hol
den there vntil the new Bery court or Guild hal that now is was builded and finished, which hall was first begun to be founded in ye yeare 1411. and was not fully finished in 20. yeares after, I my
selfe haue seene the ruines of the old Court hall in Aldermanbury street which of late hath been imployed as a Carpenters yard &c.
A pumpe at the corner of Aldermanbury streete.
how Aldermanbury
streete tooke that name, manie fables haue beene bruted, all which I
ouerpasse as not worthy the accounting, but to be short and plaine, I say that
this streete tooke the name of Aldermans bury (which is to say a court) there kept
in their Bery, or Court hall, now called the
Guildehall, which hall of olde time
stoode on the East side of the same streete not far from the west end of Guild hall now vsed. Touching the antiquitie of this
old Aldermans bery or court, I haue not read other then that Richarde
Renery one of the Sheriffes of London, in the first of Richarde the
first, which was in the yeare of Christ
1189. gaue to the church of S. Mary
at Osney,
by Oxforde,
certaine ground and rents in Aldermanbury of
London, as appeareth by the Register of that Church, and is
also entred in the Hoistinges of the Guild hall in
London: this old Bery court or hal continued & the courts of the Maior & Aldermen were continually hol
den there vntil the new Bery court or Guild hal that now is was builded and finished, which hall was first begun to be founded in ye yeare 1411. and was not fully finished in 20. yeares after, I my
selfe haue seene the ruines of the old Court hall in Aldermanbury street which of late hath been imployed as a Carpenters yard &c.
In this Aldermanbury streete bee diuers fayre houses
on both the sides, meete for marchantes or men of Worship, and in the middest
thereof is a fayre conduite made at the charges of VVil
liam Eastfielde, sometime Maior, who tooke order aswell for water to be conueyed, from Teyborne, and for the building of this Conduite not far distant from his dwelling house, as also for a Standarde of sweet water, to be erected in Fleetestreete, all which was don by his executors, as in another place I haue shewed
ther, for the same is light and somewhat porie and spongie. This bone is said to bee found amongst the bones of men remoued from the charnell house of Paules, or rather from the Cloyster of Pauls church, of both which reports I haue some doubt, for that the late Reyne Wolfe
uer it came) being of a man, as the forme sheweth) must needes bee monstrous, and more then after the proportion of fiue shanke bones of any man now liuing amongst vs. There lie buried in this church Simon Winchcombe Esquire 1391. Robert Combar
ton 1422. Iohn Wheatly Mercer 1428. Sir William Estfild, Knight of the Bathe Mayor, 1438. a great benefactor to that church vnder a faire monument, he also builded their stéeple, chan
ged their old bels into 5. tunable bels, & gaue one hundred pounds to other workes of that church. Moreouer he caused the Conduit in Aldermanbery which he had begun to be performed at his char
ges, and water to be conueighed by pypes of leade from Tyborne to Fléetestréete, as I haue said. And also from high Berie to the parish of S. Giles without Criplegate, where the inhabitantes of those parts incastellated the same in sufficient cesternes. Iohn Mi
dleton Mercer Mayor 1472. Iohn Tomes Draper 1486. Wil
liam Bucke Taylor 1501. Sir William Browne Mayor 1507 Dame Margaret Ienings wife to Stephen Ieninges Mayor 1515. A widow named Starkey, somtime wife to Modie, Raffe Woodcocke Grocer, one of the Sheriffes 1586. Dame Mary Gresham wife to Sir Iohn Gresham 1538. Thomas Godfrey
don walle, as is afore shewed. In this, at the North end thereof was of old time a house of Nunnes, which house being in great decay, William Elsing Mercer in the yeare of Christ 1329. the 3. of Edward the 3. began in place thereof, the foundation of an Ho
spitall, for sustentation of 100. blind men, towardes the erection whereof, he gaue his two houses in the parishes of S. Alphage and our blessed Ladie in Aldermanberie neere Criplegate, obtaining first the Kinges licence of Mortmaine, vnder the great seale of England. This house was after called a priorie or Hospitall of S. Mary the Uirgin founded in the yeare 1332. by V V. Elsing, for Canons Regular: the which W. Becam the first Prior there, Ro
bert Elsing son to the said W. gaue to the said Hospitall 12. £. by the yeare for the finding of 3. priests, he also gaue 100. s̃. towards the inclosing of the New churchyard without Aldegate
rendered the xi. of May, the xxij. of Henry the eight.
liam Eastfielde, sometime Maior, who tooke order aswell for water to be conueyed, from Teyborne, and for the building of this Conduite not far distant from his dwelling house, as also for a Standarde of sweet water, to be erected in Fleetestreete, all which was don by his executors, as in another place I haue shewed
Then
233
Then is
the parish Church of S. Mary
Aldermanberie,
Parish church of S. Mary Al
dermanbury.
a fayre Church with a
churchyard, and cloister adioyning, in the which cloyster is hanged and fastened a
shanke bone of a man
dermanbury.
Shanke bone of a man 28.
inches and a halfe long.
(as is said) very great, and larger by thrée
inches and a halfe then that which hangeth in S.
Laurence church in the Iurie, for it is in length 28 inches and a
halfe of assise, but not so hard and stéele like as the other, for the same is light and somewhat porie and spongie. This bone is said to bee found amongst the bones of men remoued from the charnell house of Paules, or rather from the Cloyster of Pauls church, of both which reports I haue some doubt, for that the late Reyne Wolfe
Reyne Wolfe a graue anti
quarie, collec
ted the great Chronicles increased, and published by his executors.
Stationer (who paid for the cariage of those bones from the charnell to the
Morefields) told me of some thousands of Carrie loades and more to be conueighed,
whereof hee wondred, but neuer tolde mee of any such bone in eyther place to be
founde, neither would the same haue béene easily gotten from him if he had heard
thereof, except he had reserued the like for himselfe, being one of the greatest
serchers, and preseruers of antiquities in those parts for his time. True it is
that this bone, (from whence soequarie, collec
ted the great Chronicles increased, and published by his executors.
uer it came) being of a man, as the forme sheweth) must needes bee monstrous, and more then after the proportion of fiue shanke bones of any man now liuing amongst vs. There lie buried in this church Simon Winchcombe Esquire 1391. Robert Combar
ton 1422. Iohn Wheatly Mercer 1428. Sir William Estfild, Knight of the Bathe Mayor, 1438. a great benefactor to that church vnder a faire monument, he also builded their stéeple, chan
ged their old bels into 5. tunable bels, & gaue one hundred pounds to other workes of that church. Moreouer he caused the Conduit in Aldermanbery which he had begun to be performed at his char
ges, and water to be conueighed by pypes of leade from Tyborne to Fléetestréete, as I haue said. And also from high Berie to the parish of S. Giles without Criplegate, where the inhabitantes of those parts incastellated the same in sufficient cesternes. Iohn Mi
dleton Mercer Mayor 1472. Iohn Tomes Draper 1486. Wil
liam Bucke Taylor 1501. Sir William Browne Mayor 1507 Dame Margaret Ienings wife to Stephen Ieninges Mayor 1515. A widow named Starkey, somtime wife to Modie, Raffe Woodcocke Grocer, one of the Sheriffes 1586. Dame Mary Gresham wife to Sir Iohn Gresham 1538. Thomas Godfrey
Remem-
Q5
234
Remembrancer of the Office of the first fruites, 1577. Beneath this
church haue ye Gay spur lane,
which
runneth down to London walle, as is afore shewed. In this, at the North end thereof was of old time a house of Nunnes, which house being in great decay, William Elsing Mercer in the yeare of Christ 1329. the 3. of Edward the 3. began in place thereof, the foundation of an Ho
spitall, for sustentation of 100. blind men, towardes the erection whereof, he gaue his two houses in the parishes of S. Alphage and our blessed Ladie in Aldermanberie neere Criplegate, obtaining first the Kinges licence of Mortmaine, vnder the great seale of England. This house was after called a priorie or Hospitall of S. Mary the Uirgin founded in the yeare 1332. by V V. Elsing, for Canons Regular: the which W. Becam the first Prior there, Ro
bert Elsing son to the said W. gaue to the said Hospitall 12. £. by the yeare for the finding of 3. priests, he also gaue 100. s̃. towards the inclosing of the New churchyard without Aldegate
Charterhouse churchyard
without Al
dersgat, & one othet the like without Ald
gate.
and 100.s̃.
to the inclosing of the New-churchyard without Aldersgate, to Thomas
Elsing his sonne 80.l. the rest of his goods to be sold, and giuen to the
poore. This house valued 193.l. 15. s̃. 5.ď was surdersgat, & one othet the like without Ald
gate.
rendered the xi. of May, the xxij. of Henry the eight.
The monumentes that were in this church defaced. Tho
mas Cheney sonne to William Cheney, Thomas, Iohn and William Cheney, Iohn Northampton Drayer Mayor 1381. Edmond Hungerford, Henry Frowike, Ioan daughter to Sir Hilliam Cheney, wife to William Stokes, Robert Eldarbroke Esquire 1460. Dame Ioan Ratcliffe, William Fowler, William Kingstone, Thomas Swineley & Helen his wife &c. The princi
pall Ile of this church was pulled down, and a frame of foure hou
ses set vp in the place: the other part of this church was conuerted into a parish church of S. Alphage,
mas Cheney sonne to William Cheney, Thomas, Iohn and William Cheney, Iohn Northampton Drayer Mayor 1381. Edmond Hungerford, Henry Frowike, Ioan daughter to Sir Hilliam Cheney, wife to William Stokes, Robert Eldarbroke Esquire 1460. Dame Ioan Ratcliffe, William Fowler, William Kingstone, Thomas Swineley & Helen his wife &c. The princi
pall Ile of this church was pulled down, and a frame of foure hou
ses set vp in the place: the other part of this church was conuerted into a parish church of S. Alphage,
Parish church of S. Alphage
and the parish church
which stoode neare vnto the wall of the Cittie by Criplesgate was pulled downe and the plot thereof was made a Carpenters
yarde, with sawe pittes. The Hospitall it selfe, the Prior, and chanons house with
other lodginges, were made a dwelling house, the church yard is a garden plotte,
and a faire gallerie on the cloister: the lodgings for the poore are translated
into stabling for horses.
Elsing
Spittle
burned.
In the yeare 1541. Sir Iohn Williams maister of the
kinges Iewels, dwelling in this house on Chrismas euen at night, about
ming it, was séene all the citie ouer, and was hardely quenched, whereby many of the kings Iewels were burned, and more imbe
seled (as was said). The Lord William of Thame was buried in this church, and so was his successor in that house, Sir Rowland Heyward Mayor &c. Now to returne to Milkestréete, so called of milke sold there (as is supposed) there be many faire houses for wealthy merchants, & other: amongst the which I read that Gre
gorie Rokesley chiefe say maister of the kings mints, and Mayor of London in the yeare 1275.
stréet, in an house belonging to the priorie of Lewes in Sussex wherof he was tenant at wil paying xx.s̃. by the yere without be
ing bounden to rerparations or other charge: such were the rents of those times. In this Milkestreet is a small parish church of S. Mary Magdaline, which hath of late yeares beene repaired, Wil
liam Browne Mayor, 1513. gaue to this church 40. pound, and was buried there, Thomas Exmew Mayor 1528. gaue 40. l. and was buried there, so was Iohn Mitford one of the Sheriffes, 1375. Iohn Olney Mayor 1475. Richard Rawson one of the Sherifs, 1476. Henry Kelsey, Sir Iohn Browne Mayor 1497 Thomas Muschampe one of the Sherifs, 1463. Sir William Cantilo Knight, Mercer 1462. Henry Cantlow Mercer mer
chant of the Staple, who builded a chappell and was buried there
in 1495. Iohn West Mercer Alderman 1517. Iohn Machel Al
derman 1558. Thomas Skinner Clothworker Mayor 1596.
seuen
252
seuen of
the clocke, a great fire began in the gallerie thereof, which burned so sore, that
the flame fiering the whole house and consuming it, was séene all the citie ouer, and was hardely quenched, whereby many of the kings Iewels were burned, and more imbe
seled (as was said). The Lord William of Thame was buried in this church, and so was his successor in that house, Sir Rowland Heyward Mayor &c. Now to returne to Milkestréete, so called of milke sold there (as is supposed) there be many faire houses for wealthy merchants, & other: amongst the which I read that Gre
gorie Rokesley chiefe say maister of the kings mints, and Mayor of London in the yeare 1275.
Gregory Rokesley Mai
or of London his house rent xx.shillings the yeare. Parish church of S Mary Magdalen.
the third of Edwarde the first (in which office he continued 7. yeares together) dwelled in this
milkor of London his house rent xx.shillings the yeare. Parish church of S Mary Magdalen.
stréet, in an house belonging to the priorie of Lewes in Sussex wherof he was tenant at wil paying xx.s̃. by the yere without be
ing bounden to rerparations or other charge: such were the rents of those times. In this Milkestreet is a small parish church of S. Mary Magdaline, which hath of late yeares beene repaired, Wil
liam Browne Mayor, 1513. gaue to this church 40. pound, and was buried there, Thomas Exmew Mayor 1528. gaue 40. l. and was buried there, so was Iohn Mitford one of the Sheriffes, 1375. Iohn Olney Mayor 1475. Richard Rawson one of the Sherifs, 1476. Henry Kelsey, Sir Iohn Browne Mayor 1497 Thomas Muschampe one of the Sherifs, 1463. Sir William Cantilo Knight, Mercer 1462. Henry Cantlow Mercer mer
chant of the Staple, who builded a chappell and was buried there
in 1495. Iohn West Mercer Alderman 1517. Iohn Machel Al
derman 1558. Thomas Skinner Clothworker Mayor 1596.
Then next to this is Woodstréet,
by what
reason so called I know not, true it is that of old time according to a decrée
made in the raigne of Richard the first, the houses in London were builded of stone for defence
of fire, which kind of building was vsed for 200. yeares or more, but of later
time for the winning of ground those houses haue béene taken down, and houses of
timber set vp in place. It séemeth therefore that this stréet hath béene of the
later building, all of timber, (for not one house of stone hath béene knowne
there) and therefore called Woodstréet, otherwise it
might take the name of some builder or owner thereof.
Thomas Wood one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1491. dwel
led
sion. After the battaile the bodie of the said King being founde, was closed in lead, and conueyed from thence to London, and so to the Monasterie of Sheyne in Surrey, where it remained for a time, in what order I am not certaine: but since the dissoluti
on of that house, in the raigne of Edward the sixt , Henry Gray Duke of Suffolke, being lodged and kéeping house there: I haue béene shewed the same bodie so lapped in lead, close of the head and bodie, throwne into a waste roome, amongst the old timber, leade, and other rubble. Since the which time workemen there for their foolish pleasure hewed off his head: and Launcelot Young at this present mayster Glasier to her Maiestie, féeling a swéet sa
uour to come from thence, and séeing the same dryed from all moi
sture, and yet the forme remayning, with the hayre of the heade, and beard red, brought it to London to his house in Woodstréet, where for a time he kept it for the swéetnesse, but in the end caused the Sexton of that church to burie it amongst other bones, taken out of their charnell &c. I reade in diuers Recordes of a house in Woodstréet then called Blacke Hall, but no man at this day can tell thereof.
led
led
238
was father
to my louing friend William Lambarde Esquire, well knowne by sundry
learned bookes that he hath published. Iohn Medley Chamberlain of
London, Iohn Marsh Esquire Mercer and common Sergeant of
London &c. There is also (but without any outward monument) the
head of Iames the fift king of Scots of that name, slaine at Flodden
field, and buried here by this occasion. After the battaile the bodie of the said King being founde, was closed in lead, and conueyed from thence to London, and so to the Monasterie of Sheyne in Surrey, where it remained for a time, in what order I am not certaine: but since the dissoluti
on of that house, in the raigne of Edward the sixt , Henry Gray Duke of Suffolke, being lodged and kéeping house there: I haue béene shewed the same bodie so lapped in lead, close of the head and bodie, throwne into a waste roome, amongst the old timber, leade, and other rubble. Since the which time workemen there for their foolish pleasure hewed off his head: and Launcelot Young at this present mayster Glasier to her Maiestie, féeling a swéet sa
uour to come from thence, and séeing the same dryed from all moi
sture, and yet the forme remayning, with the hayre of the heade, and beard red, brought it to London to his house in Woodstréet, where for a time he kept it for the swéetnesse, but in the end caused the Sexton of that church to burie it amongst other bones, taken out of their charnell &c. I reade in diuers Recordes of a house in Woodstréet then called Blacke Hall, but no man at this day can tell thereof.
On the North side of this S. Michæls church
is Mayden lane, now so called, but of old time Ingenelane, or Inglane.
In this lane
the Waxchandlers haue their common hall on the south side thereof:
and the Haberdashers haue their like Hall on the North side at Staning lane end.
This company of the Haberdashers,
or Hurrers of old time so called, were incorporated a
brotherhoode of S. Katherine, the 26. of Henry the sixt, and so confirmed by Henry the seuenth the 17. of his raigne, the
Cappers and Hat Mer
chants or Hurrers being one company of Haberdashers.
chants or Hurrers being one company of Haberdashers.
Downe lower in Woodstréet is Siluerstreete (I thinke of sil
uer smithes dwelling there) in which be diuers faire houses, and on the North side thereof is Monkes well street, so called of a well at the North end therof, where the Abbot of Garendon had an house
uer smithes dwelling there) in which be diuers faire houses, and on the North side thereof is Monkes well street, so called of a well at the North end therof, where the Abbot of Garendon had an house
or
239
or Cell
called S. Iames in the wall by Criplesgate,
and certaine Monkes of their house were the Chaplens there, wherefore the well
(belonging to that Cell or Hermitage) was called Monkes well, and the stréet, of
the well, Monkes well street.
The East side of this streete downe against London wall, and the South side thereof to Criplesgate bee of Criplesgate
ward, as is afore shewed. In this street by the corner of Monks well
street is the Bowyers Hall.
Boyers hall.
On the said East side of Monks well street be proper Almes houses
Almes houses in Monks well
streetes.
12. in number founded by Sir Ambrose
Nicholas Salter Mayor 1575. wherein be placed 12. poore and aged people
rent free, hauing each of them vij. pence the wéeke, and once the yeare each of
them fiue sacks of: Charcoales, and one quarter of an hundreth of Faggots of
hisgift for euer.
Then in little Woodstreet
Almes cham
bers in little Woodstreet.
be 7. proper
Chambers in an Alley on the west side, founded for seuen poore people therein to
dwel rent free, by Henry Barton Skinner Mayor, 1416. Thus much for the
Monuments of this ward within the walles.
bers in little Woodstreet.
Now without the Posterne of Criplesgate,
first is the parish church of S. Giles, a very faire and large
church lately repaired af
ter yt the same was burned, in the yeare 1545. the 37. of Henry the 8. by which mischance the monuments of the dead in this church are very few: notwithstanding I haue read of these following to be buried there, to wit, Elianor wife to Iohn Writh Esquire, daughter to Thomas Arnald Esquire, sister and heir to Richard Arnald Esquire, Iohn her sonne and heyre, Margaret VVrith her daughter, Iohn Brigget, Thomas Ruston, Gentleman, Iohn Talbot Esquire, and Katherine his wife, Thomas Warfle, and Isabel his wife, Thomas Lucie Gentleman 1447. Raph Roch
ford Knight 1439. Edm105ond Water Esquire, Elizabeth wife to Richarde Barnes, sister and heire to Richarde Malgraue E
squire of Essex, Richard Gowre Esquire Iohn Gowre Esquire, Frauncis Baromi of Millaine 1546. Sir Henry Grey Knight, sonne and heire to Geroge Grey Earle of Kent, 1562. Reginald Grey Earle of Kent, Richard Choppin Tallow Chandler one of the Sheriffes 1530. Iohn Hamber Esquire 1573. Thomas Hanley alias Clarenciaux, Herrald of Armes, Thomas Busby Cooper who gaue the Quéenes head Tauerne to the reliefe of the
ter yt the same was burned, in the yeare 1545. the 37. of Henry the 8. by which mischance the monuments of the dead in this church are very few: notwithstanding I haue read of these following to be buried there, to wit, Elianor wife to Iohn Writh Esquire, daughter to Thomas Arnald Esquire, sister and heir to Richard Arnald Esquire, Iohn her sonne and heyre, Margaret VVrith her daughter, Iohn Brigget, Thomas Ruston, Gentleman, Iohn Talbot Esquire, and Katherine his wife, Thomas Warfle, and Isabel his wife, Thomas Lucie Gentleman 1447. Raph Roch
ford Knight 1439. Edm105ond Water Esquire, Elizabeth wife to Richarde Barnes, sister and heire to Richarde Malgraue E
squire of Essex, Richard Gowre Esquire Iohn Gowre Esquire, Frauncis Baromi of Millaine 1546. Sir Henry Grey Knight, sonne and heire to Geroge Grey Earle of Kent, 1562. Reginald Grey Earle of Kent, Richard Choppin Tallow Chandler one of the Sheriffes 1530. Iohn Hamber Esquire 1573. Thomas Hanley alias Clarenciaux, Herrald of Armes, Thomas Busby Cooper who gaue the Quéenes head Tauerne to the reliefe of the
poore
240
poore in
ye parish 1575. Iohn Whelar Goldsmith 1575.
William Bolene Phisition 1587. Williā Bolene
1575. Richard Bolene 1563. Robert
Crowley Uicker and Preacher there: all these foure vnder one olde stone in
the Quire, the learned Iohn Fox writer of the Actes and Monuments of the
English Church 1587. The skilfull Robert Glouer alias
Sommerset Herralde, 1588.
There was in this church of old time a fraternitie or brother
hood
hood
Brotherhood in S. Giles Church.
of our blessed Ladie, or
Corpus Christi, and Saynt Gyles founded by Iohn
Belancer in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, the 35. yeare of his
raigne.
Some smal distance from the East end of this church is a water Conduit,
brought in
pipes of Leade frō Higberie by Iohn Mid
dleton one of the executors to Sir William Eastfielde, and of his goods, the inhabitantes adioyning castilated it of their owne costes and charges, about the yeare 1483.
dleton one of the executors to Sir William Eastfielde, and of his goods, the inhabitantes adioyning castilated it of their owne costes and charges, about the yeare 1483.
There was also a Bosse of cleare water, in the wall of the churchyard,
made at the charges of Richard Whittington some
times Mayor, and was like to that of Belingsgate: of late the same was turned into an euill pumpe, and so is cleane decayed.
times Mayor, and was like to that of Belingsgate: of late the same was turned into an euill pumpe, and so is cleane decayed.
There was also a fayre Poole
uer with hard stone, and staires of stone to go downe to the spring, on the banke of the towne ditch: and this was also done of the goods, and by the executors of Richard Whittington.
Poole of spring
water.
of cleare water neare vnto the Parsonage, on the west side
thereof, which was filled vp, in the raigne of Henry the sixt, the spring was coaped in, and arched
ouer with hard stone, and staires of stone to go downe to the spring, on the banke of the towne ditch: and this was also done of the goods, and by the executors of Richard Whittington.
In Whitecrosse stréete
King Henry the fift builded one fayre house, and founded there a
brotherhoode of Saynt Giles,
to bee kept, which house had sometime beene an Hospitall
of the French order,
& being
suppressed, the lands were giuen to the brotherhood for reliefe of the poore, One
alley of diuers tenements ouer against the north wal of S. Giles churchyard, was appointed to the almes houses for
the poore, wherein they dwelled rent frée, and otherwise were relieued: but the
said brotherhood was suppressed by Henry the eight, since which time
Sir Iohn Gresham Mayor purchased the landes thereof, and gaue it to the
maintenance of a frée schoole, which he had founded at Holt, a market towne in
Norfolke.
In
241
In Red Crosse stréeteRed Crosse streete. Libar S. Bu
tolphe.
on the West
side, from Saint Gyles Church yard, vp to
the said Crosse, be many faire houses builded outward, with diuers Alleyes turning
into a large plot of ground, of olde time called the Iewes Garden:
tolphe.
The Iewes Gardaine, or place to bury their dead.
as
being the onely place appointed them in England, wherin to bury their dead: till
the yeare 1177. the 24. of Henry the second, that it was permitted to them (after
long sute to the King, and Parliament at Oxford) to haue a speciall place
assigned them in euery quarter where they dwelled.
This plot of ground remained to the said Iewes, til the time of their finall
banishment out of England, and is now turned into faire gar
den plots and sommer houses for pleasure.
den plots and sommer houses for pleasure.
On the East side of this Red Crosse stréete, be also
diuers faire houses, vp to the Crosse. And there is Béech
Lane,
peraduenture so called of Nicholas de la Beeche,
Lieutenant of the Tower of Lon
don, and put out of that Office in the 13. of Edward the third. This Lane stretcheth from the Red Crosse stréete, to white Crosse stréete, and is replenished, not with Béech Trées, but with beautifull hou
ses, of stone, brick, and timber. Amongst the which, was of old time, a great house pertaining to the Abbot of Ramsey,
don, and put out of that Office in the 13. of Edward the third. This Lane stretcheth from the Red Crosse stréete, to white Crosse stréete, and is replenished, not with Béech Trées, but with beautifull hou
ses, of stone, brick, and timber. Amongst the which, was of old time, a great house pertaining to the Abbot of Ramsey,
The Abbot of Ramsey his Inne.
for his
lodging when he repaired to the Cittie: It is now called Drewry
house, of Sir Drewe Drewry, a worshipfull
owner thereof.
On the North side of this Béech Lane, towards White Crosse stréet, the Drapers of
London haue lately builded 8. Almes houses
of brick and timber, for 8. poore Widowes of their owne
Company, whom they haue placed there Rent frée, according to the gift of the
Ladie Askewe, Widowe to Sir Christopher Askewe sometime Draper and
Maior. 1533.
Then in Golding Lane be also Almes houses,
mas Hayes Chamberlaine of London, in the latter time of Henry the eight, he left faire lands about Iseldonne, to maintaine his foun
dation: Maister Ironmonger hath the Order of them.
Golding Lane Almes houses
there.
13. in number, and
so many poore people placed in them Rent free, and euery one hath two pence by the
wéeke for euer. Of the foundation of Thomas Hayes Chamberlaine of London, in the latter time of Henry the eight, he left faire lands about Iseldonne, to maintaine his foun
dation: Maister Ironmonger hath the Order of them.
On the West side of the Red Crosse, is a stréet
called the Barbican, because sometime there stood on
the North side therof, a Burgh-Ke
ning
bican, as a bikening is called a Becon: this Brugh-Kening was by
regrine Bartie, Lord VVilloughby of Ersby.
ning
Burgh Ke
ning or Bar
bican.
or Watch Tower of the citie, called in some language a
Barning or Bar
bican.
bican, as a bikening is called a Becon: this Brugh-Kening was by
the
R
242
the name
of the Manner of Base court, was giuen by
Edward the 3. to Robert Vfford Earle of Suffolke,
and is now pertaining to Peregrine Bartie, Lord VVilloughby of Ersby.
Next adioyning to this, is one other great house, called Gar
terhouse, sometime builded by Sir Thomas VVrithe, (or VVri
thesley) knight, Alias Garter, principall King of Armes, second son of Syr Iohn VVrithe knight, Alias Garter, and was vnckle to the first Thomas Earle of Southampton Knight of the Gartar, and Chancelor of England: he built this house, and in the top thereof, a Chapel, which he dedicated by the name of S. Trinitatis in Alto. Thus much for that part of Criplegate Warde without the wall, wherof more shalbe, spoken in the subburbe of that part. This Ward hath an Alderman & his Deputie within the gate. Common Coun
saile eight. Constables nine. Skauengers twelue. For Wardmote Inqueast ffftéene, and a Beadle.
terhouse, sometime builded by Sir Thomas VVrithe, (or VVri
thesley) knight, Alias Garter, principall King of Armes, second son of Syr Iohn VVrithe knight, Alias Garter, and was vnckle to the first Thomas Earle of Southampton Knight of the Gartar, and Chancelor of England: he built this house, and in the top thereof, a Chapel, which he dedicated by the name of S. Trinitatis in Alto. Thus much for that part of Criplegate Warde without the wall, wherof more shalbe, spoken in the subburbe of that part. This Ward hath an Alderman & his Deputie within the gate. Common Coun
saile eight. Constables nine. Skauengers twelue. For Wardmote Inqueast ffftéene, and a Beadle.
Without the gate, it hath also a Deputie. Common Coun
saile two. Constables foure. Skauengers foure. Wardmote Inquest seuentéene, and a Beadle. It is taxed in London to the fiftéene, at fortie poūd, and in the Exchequer, at thirtie nine pound ten shillings.
saile two. Constables foure. Skauengers foure. Wardmote Inquest seuentéene, and a Beadle. It is taxed in London to the fiftéene, at fortie poūd, and in the Exchequer, at thirtie nine pound ten shillings.
THe next is Aldersgate Ward,
taking
name of that North gate of the citie: this Ward also cō
sisteth of diuers Stréetes and Lanes, lying as
well within the gate, and Wall, as without: and first to speake of that part within the gate, thus it is. The East part thereof, ioyneth vnto the west part of Criplegate Ward in Engain Lane, or Maiden Lane. It beginneth on the North side of that lane, at staining Lane end, and runneth vp that Lane, from the Haberda
shers Hall, to S. Mary Staining church: and by the church East, winding almost to Woodstréete. And West through Oatelane, and then by the South side of Bacon house, to Noble stréet, and backe a
gaine by Lilipot lane, (which is also of that Ward) to Maiden Lane, and so on that North side, west to S. Iohn Sacharies church, and to Faster Lane. Now on the South side of Ingaine (or Maiden Lane)
mas Shelley knight, was owner thereof in the 1. of Hen. the 4. It is now called Bacon house,
Send information, (Recorder of Lon
don, who also new builded it) to S. Olaues Church in Siluer-stréet, which is by the Northwest ende of this Noble stréete. Then againe in Foster Lane, this Ward beginneth on the West side therof, ouer against the Southwest corner of Saint Fosters Church, and runneth downe by S. Leonards church, by Pope Lane end, and by S. Anus Lane end, which Lane is also of this Ward, North to the stone wall by the wall of the Citie, ouer against Bacon house, which is also of this Ward. Then haue ye the Maine stréete of this Ward, which is called S. Martins Lane, which includeth S. Martin on the East side therof, and so downe on both the sides to Aldersgate. And these be the bounds of this Ward within the wall and gate. Without the gate, the Maine stréete called Aldersgate stréete, runneth vp North on the East side, to the West ende of Hownds Ditch, or Barbican stréete: A part of which stréete is also of this Warde. And on on the West side to Longlane, a part whereof is likewise of this Warde. Beyond the which Aldersgate stréete, is Cosewell stréeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information vp to the Barres.
sisteth of diuers Stréetes and Lanes, lying as
well within the gate, and Wall, as without: and first to speake of that part within the gate, thus it is. The East part thereof, ioyneth vnto the west part of Criplegate Ward in Engain Lane, or Maiden Lane. It beginneth on the North side of that lane, at staining Lane end, and runneth vp that Lane, from the Haberda
shers Hall, to S. Mary Staining church: and by the church East, winding almost to Woodstréete. And West through Oatelane, and then by the South side of Bacon house, to Noble stréet, and backe a
gaine by Lilipot lane, (which is also of that Ward) to Maiden Lane, and so on that North side, west to S. Iohn Sacharies church, and to Faster Lane. Now on the South side of Ingaine (or Maiden Lane)
is
243
is the West
side of Guthuruns Lane, to Kery Lane, and Kery Lane it selfe (which
is of this Warde) and back againe into Engainlane,
by the North side of the Goldsmiths Hall, to Faster Lane: and this is the East wing of this Ward.
Then is Foster Lane almost wholly of this Warde, and
beginneth in the South toward Cheape, on the East side by the North side of S.
Fosters church, and runneth downe106 North west by the West ende of Engaine Lane, by Lilipot
Lane, and Oate Lane, to
Noble stréete, and through that by Shelly
house (of olde time so called, as belonging to the
Shelleyes) for Sir Thomas Shelley knight, was owner thereof in the 1. of Hen. the 4. It is now called Bacon house,
Shelleyes house,
now Bacon house.
because the same was new builded by Syr Nicholas Bacon Lord Kéeper of the great
Seale. Downe on that side by the Lane, by Seriant Fleetwoods
houseMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information, (Recorder of Lon
don, who also new builded it) to S. Olaues Church in Siluer-stréet, which is by the Northwest ende of this Noble stréete. Then againe in Foster Lane, this Ward beginneth on the West side therof, ouer against the Southwest corner of Saint Fosters Church, and runneth downe by S. Leonards church, by Pope Lane end, and by S. Anus Lane end, which Lane is also of this Ward, North to the stone wall by the wall of the Citie, ouer against Bacon house, which is also of this Ward. Then haue ye the Maine stréete of this Ward, which is called S. Martins Lane, which includeth S. Martin on the East side therof, and so downe on both the sides to Aldersgate. And these be the bounds of this Ward within the wall and gate. Without the gate, the Maine stréete called Aldersgate stréete, runneth vp North on the East side, to the West ende of Hownds Ditch, or Barbican stréete: A part of which stréete is also of this Warde. And on on the West side to Longlane, a part whereof is likewise of this Warde. Beyond the which Aldersgate stréete, is Cosewell stréeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information vp to the Barres.
And on this West side of Aldersgate stréet, by S. Buttolphes church, is Briton
stréete, which runneth West to a Pumpe, and then North
to the gate which entereth the church yard, sometime pertaining to the Priorie of S. Bartholomewe on the East side:
and on the West side towards S. Bartholomewes
Spittle, to a paine of postes there fixed. And these be the bounds of
this Aldersgate Warde without.
The antiquities be these, First in Staining
Lane,
led (as may be supposed) of Painter stainers dwelling there.
Staining
Lane Almes houses there.
of olde time so called (as may be supposed) of Painter stainers dwelling there.
On
244
On the East
side thereof, adioyning to the Haberdashers Hall, be
ten Almes houses pertaining to the Haberdashers, wherein be placed ten Almes people of that Company, euery of them hauing eight pence the péece euery Friday for euer, by the gift of Thomas Hunt
lowe Haberdasher, one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1539. And sir George Baron gaue them ten pounds by the yeare for euer.
Then is the small parrish Church of Saint
Mary, called Stai
ning,
ment worth the noting.
ning,
Parish
Church of Saint Mary Staining.
because
it standeth at the North ende of Staining Lane. In
the which Church being but newly builded, there remaine no Monument worth the noting.
Then is Engaine Lane, (or Mayden Lane) and at the North-
West corner thereof, the parish Church of S. Iohn Sachary.
ford Goldsmith, Maior, 1388. and Dame Margery his wife: of whose goods ye Church was made & new builded, with a Tombe for them and others of their race, 1390. Drugo Barentine Maior, 1398. He gaue faire landes to the Goldsmithes: he dwelled right against the Goldsmithes Hall. Betwéene the which Hall and his dwelling house, he builded a Galorie thwarting the stréete, whereby he might go from the one to the other: he was buried in this church, and Christian his wife, 1427. Iohn Adis Goldsmith 1400. And Margaret his wife. Iohn Frauncis Goldsmith Maior, 1400. And Elizabeth his wife 1450. Iohn Sutton Goldsmith one of the She
riffes, 1413. Bartholomew Seman Golde-heater, Maister of the Kings Mints, within the Tower of London, and the Towne of Calice, 1430. Thomas Leichfield, Iohn Hewet Esquier, 1500. William Brekespere Goldsmith, 1461. Christopher Eliot Gold
smith, 1505. Bartholmew Reade Goldsmith Maior, 1502. who was burried in the Charterhouse, and gaue to this his parish Church one hundred pound. His wife was buried in this church, with a faire Monument, her Picture, in habit of a widow. Thomas Keyton Lorimar, 1522. William Potken Esquier, 1537. Iohn Cor
nish with an Epitaph, 147. Robert Fenruther Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes in the yeare, 1512.
West corner thereof, the parish Church of S. Iohn Sachary.
Parish Church of Saint Iohn Sachary.
A faire
Church, with the Monuments well preserued, of sir Nicholas Twiford Goldsmith, Maior, 1388. and Dame Margery his wife: of whose goods ye Church was made & new builded, with a Tombe for them and others of their race, 1390. Drugo Barentine Maior, 1398. He gaue faire landes to the Goldsmithes: he dwelled right against the Goldsmithes Hall. Betwéene the which Hall and his dwelling house, he builded a Galorie thwarting the stréete, whereby he might go from the one to the other: he was buried in this church, and Christian his wife, 1427. Iohn Adis Goldsmith 1400. And Margaret his wife. Iohn Frauncis Goldsmith Maior, 1400. And Elizabeth his wife 1450. Iohn Sutton Goldsmith one of the She
riffes, 1413. Bartholomew Seman Golde-heater, Maister of the Kings Mints, within the Tower of London, and the Towne of Calice, 1430. Thomas Leichfield, Iohn Hewet Esquier, 1500. William Brekespere Goldsmith, 1461. Christopher Eliot Gold
smith, 1505. Bartholmew Reade Goldsmith Maior, 1502. who was burried in the Charterhouse, and gaue to this his parish Church one hundred pound. His wife was buried in this church, with a faire Monument, her Picture, in habit of a widow. Thomas Keyton Lorimar, 1522. William Potken Esquier, 1537. Iohn Cor
nish with an Epitaph, 147. Robert Fenruther Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes in the yeare, 1512.
On the East side of this Faster Lane, at Engeyne Lane ende, is the Goldsmithes Hall,
dreth persons of great estate. For the Messes & dishes of meates to them serued, the paled parke in the same Hall, furnished with frute
full Trées, beasts of venery, and other circumstances of that preten
ded feast well weighed, Westminster Hall would hardly haue suffi
sed, and therfore I will ouerpasse it, and note somewhat of principall Goldsmiths.
The Gold
smiths Hall.
a proper house, but not large. And therfore to say that
Bartholmew Read Goldsmith, Maior, in the yeare 1502.
smiths Hall.
kept
[[insert signature]]
245
kept such a
feast in this Hall, as some haue fabuled is far incredible,
and altogither vnpossible, considering
the smalnesse of the Hall, and number of the guests, which as they say, were more
then an hundreth persons of great estate. For the Messes & dishes of meates to them serued, the paled parke in the same Hall, furnished with frute
full Trées, beasts of venery, and other circumstances of that preten
ded feast well weighed, Westminster Hall would hardly haue suffi
sed, and therfore I will ouerpasse it, and note somewhat of principall Goldsmiths.
First I reade, that Leefstane Goldsmith was Prouest of this
Citie, in the raign of Henry the 1. Also that Henry Fitz Alewin, Fits
Leafstane Goldsmith was Maior of London,
chard the first, and continued Maior 24. yeares. Also that Gregory Rocksly
land, (and therefore by my coniecture) a Goldsmith was Maior in the 3. of Edward the first, and continued Maior 7. yeares togither. The William Farindon Goldsmith, Alderman of Farindon ward, one of the Sheriffes 1281. the 9. of Edward the first, who was a Goldsmith, as appeareth on record, as shall be shewed in Farindon Warde. Then Nicholas Farindon his sonne, Goldsmith, Alderman of Farindon Warde, foure times Maior in the raigne of Edward the second, &c. For the rest of later time are more manifestly known, and therefore I leaue them.
The first Ma
ior of London was a Gold
smith.
in the first of Riior of London was a Gold
smith.
chard the first, and continued Maior 24. yeares. Also that Gregory Rocksly
Principall men of the Citie Gold
smithes.
, chiefe say-maister of all the Kings Mintes within Engsmithes.
land, (and therefore by my coniecture) a Goldsmith was Maior in the 3. of Edward the first, and continued Maior 7. yeares togither. The William Farindon Goldsmith, Alderman of Farindon ward, one of the Sheriffes 1281. the 9. of Edward the first, who was a Goldsmith, as appeareth on record, as shall be shewed in Farindon Warde. Then Nicholas Farindon his sonne, Goldsmith, Alderman of Farindon Warde, foure times Maior in the raigne of Edward the second, &c. For the rest of later time are more manifestly known, and therefore I leaue them.
Then at the North ende of Noble stréete, is the
parish Church of S. Olaue in Siluer
stréete,
a small
thing, and without any note
worthie monuments.
worthie monuments.
On the West side of Foster Lane, is the small parish
Church of S. Leonards,
for them of S.
Martins be graunde. A nomber of Tenements beeing lately
builded in place of the great Colegiate-Church of Saint
Martin: that parish is mightily increased. In this Church
remaine these Monuments. First without the Church, is grauen in stone on the East
ende, Iohn Broke it well, an especiall reedifier, or new builder thereof.
In the Quire grauen in brasse, Ro
bert Purfet Grocer, 1507. Robert Trappis Goldsmith, 1526. with this Epitaphe.
bert Purfet Grocer, 1507. Robert Trappis Goldsmith, 1526. with this Epitaphe.
When
446
When the belles be merily roong, And the Masse deuoutly sung, And the meate
merilie eaten, Then shall Rober Trips his wiues And children be forgotten.
Then in Pope lane)
so called of one Pope that was owner therof) on the
North side, is the parish church of S.
Anne, in the willowes, so called, I know not vpon what occasion: but some say, of willowes growing thereabouts: but now there is no such voide place for willowes to growe, more then the church yard, wherin do growe some high Ashe trées.
This church by casualtie of fire, in the yeare 1548. was burnt, so far
as it was Combustible, but since being newly repaired, there re
main a fewe monuments of antiquitie of Thomas Beckhenton, Clarke of the pipe, who was buried there 1499. Ralphe Caldwell gentleman of Greyes Inne 1527. Iohn Lord Sheffield: Iohn Herenden Mercer Esquire, 1572. these verses on an olde stone.
main a fewe monuments of antiquitie of Thomas Beckhenton, Clarke of the pipe, who was buried there 1499. Ralphe Caldwell gentleman of Greyes Inne 1527. Iohn Lord Sheffield: Iohn Herenden Mercer Esquire, 1572. these verses on an olde stone.
Qu an Tris de c vul stra
os guis ti ro um nere uit
h san Chris mi T mu la.
Then in S. Martins lane, was of old time a
faire and large Col
ledge of a Deane and secular Cannons, or Priests, which house had great priuiledges both of Sanctuary & otherwise, and was called
ther, in the yeare 1056. and confirmed by William the Conqueror, as appeareth by his Charter, dated 1068. This Colledge was sur
rendred to K. E. the 6. the 2. of his raigne, in the yeare 1548. and the same yeare the Colledge church was pulled down, and in place ther
of many houses foorthwith builded, highly prised, and letten to strangers borne, and other such as claime the benefit of ye priuiledges which were at the first granted only to ye church, and to the Deane, Prebends & Canons, seruing God according to ye foundatiō. Lower down on the west side of S. Martins lane, in the parish of S. Anne, almost by Aldersgate, is one great house, commōly called Northum
berland house: it belonged to Hen. Percey. K. Hen. the 4. in the 7. of his raign, gaue this house, with ye tenements therunto appertaining,
ledge of a Deane and secular Cannons, or Priests, which house had great priuiledges both of Sanctuary & otherwise, and was called
Colledge of S. Martin’s
le graunde.
S. Martins le graunde: Founded by Ingelricus &
Ewardus his brother, in the yeare 1056. and confirmed by William the Conqueror, as appeareth by his Charter, dated 1068. This Colledge was sur
rendred to K. E. the 6. the 2. of his raigne, in the yeare 1548. and the same yeare the Colledge church was pulled down, and in place ther
of many houses foorthwith builded, highly prised, and letten to strangers borne, and other such as claime the benefit of ye priuiledges which were at the first granted only to ye church, and to the Deane, Prebends & Canons, seruing God according to ye foundatiō. Lower down on the west side of S. Martins lane, in the parish of S. Anne, almost by Aldersgate, is one great house, commōly called Northum
berland house: it belonged to Hen. Percey. K. Hen. the 4. in the 7. of his raign, gaue this house, with ye tenements therunto appertaining,
to
247
to Quéene
lane his wife, and then it was called her
Wardrobe.Now without Aldersgate, on the East side of Aldersgate stréete, is the Cookes Hall:
which Cookes or Pastelars were admitted to be a
Company, and to haue a Maister and Wardens, in the 22. of Ed. the
4. From thence along vnto Houndsditch or
Barbican stréete, be many faire houses. On the
west side also be the like faire buildings, till ye come to Longlane, and so to
Coswell streeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information. In Britten stréet is one proper parish church of S. Butrolphe,
thren and Sisters, &c. This Brotherhood was indowed with lands, more then 30. pound by the yeare, and was suppressed by Ed. the 6. There lye buried, Iohn de Bathe --> Weuar, 1390. Philip at Uine, Capper, 1396. Benet Gerarde Brewer, 1403. Iohn Bradmor Chirurgian, Margaret and Katheren his wiues, 1411. Iohn Mi
chæl Seriant at Armes, 1415. Allen Bret Carpenter, 1425. Ro
bert Malton, 1426. Iohn Trigilion Brewer, 1417. Iohn Mason Brewer, 1431. Robert Cawod Clarke of the Pipe in ye Kings Ex
chequer, 1466. Ri. Emme107sley, Iohn Walpole, Iohn Hartshorne Esquire, seruant to the King, 1400. And other of that family, great benefactors to ye church. Williā Marrow Grocer Maior, & Kathren his wife, wer buried therabout, 1468. The Lady Anne Packinton widow, late wife to Ioh. Packinton knight, Chirographer of ye court of the Common pleas, she founded Almes houses neare vnto the white Fryers church in Fléetstreete. And thus an end of this Ward, which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellours fiue. Constables eight. Skauingers nine. For the Wardmote In
quest, fourtéene, and a Bedle. It is taxed to the fiftéene in London, seuen pound, and likewise in the Exchequer.
Send information. In Britten stréet is one proper parish church of S. Butrolphe,
Parish Church of S.
Butrolphe
in which church, was sometime a brotherhood of
S. Fabian, and Sebestian, founded in the yeare 1377.
the 51. of Ed the
3. and confirmed by H. the 4. in the 6. of his raign. Then
H. the 6. in the 24. of his raigne, to the honour of the Trinitie, gaue license to Dame
Iohan Astley, sometime his Nurse, to Robert Cawod and
Thomas Smith, to found the same a fraternitie, perpetually to haue a
Maister & two Custose, with Brethren and Sisters, &c. This Brotherhood was indowed with lands, more then 30. pound by the yeare, and was suppressed by Ed. the 6. There lye buried, Iohn de Bathe --> Weuar, 1390. Philip at Uine, Capper, 1396. Benet Gerarde Brewer, 1403. Iohn Bradmor Chirurgian, Margaret and Katheren his wiues, 1411. Iohn Mi
chæl Seriant at Armes, 1415. Allen Bret Carpenter, 1425. Ro
bert Malton, 1426. Iohn Trigilion Brewer, 1417. Iohn Mason Brewer, 1431. Robert Cawod Clarke of the Pipe in ye Kings Ex
chequer, 1466. Ri. Emme107sley, Iohn Walpole, Iohn Hartshorne Esquire, seruant to the King, 1400. And other of that family, great benefactors to ye church. Williā Marrow Grocer Maior, & Kathren his wife, wer buried therabout, 1468. The Lady Anne Packinton widow, late wife to Ioh. Packinton knight, Chirographer of ye court of the Common pleas, she founded Almes houses neare vnto the white Fryers church in Fléetstreete. And thus an end of this Ward, which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Counsellours fiue. Constables eight. Skauingers nine. For the Wardmote In
quest, fourtéene, and a Bedle. It is taxed to the fiftéene in London, seuen pound, and likewise in the Exchequer.
Faringdon
248
ON the South side of Aldersgate Warde, lyeth Faringdon Warde,
called
Infra, or within, for a difference from an other Ward of that name, which
lyeth without the walles of the Citie, and is therefore called Farindon Extra.
Farindon ex
tra, & Faring
don infra, all one Warde, and then diui
ded into twain by Parliament How Faring
don Warde, tooke that name of Wil
liam Farin
don.
These two Wards of old time were but one,
and had also but one Alderman, til ye
17. of Richard the
second. At which time the saide Warde for the greatnesse therof, was
diuided into twaine, & by Parlament ordered to haue two Aldermen,
and so it continueth till this day. The whole great Warde
of Farindon, both Infra
and Extra, tooke name of William
Farendon Goldsmith, Alderman of that Warde, and one of the Sheriffes of
London, in the yere 1281. the 9. of Edward the
first, he purchased the Aldermanry of this Ward, as by this abstract of
déeds which I haue read thereof may appeare.
tra, & Faring
don infra, all one Warde, and then diui
ded into twain by Parliament How Faring
don Warde, tooke that name of Wil
liam Farin
don.
Thomas de Arderne, sonne and heire of Sir Ralphe Arderne
knight,
tenances within the Citie of London, and the suburbes of the same, betwéene Ludgate and Newgate, and also without the same gates: which Aldermanry, Anketinus de Ardone held, during his life, by the graunt of the said Thomas de Auerne: to haue and to holde to the said Ralphe and to his heires, fréely, without all chalenge: yéel
ding therefore yearly to the said. Thomas and his heires, one Cloue, (or slip) of Gilli-flowers, at the feast of Easter, for all secular seruice and customes, with warrantie vnto the said Ralphe le Feure, and his heires, against all people, Christians, and Iewes, in considerati
of twentie markes, which the said Ralphe le Feure did giue before hande, in name of a Gersum or fine, to the saide Thomas, &c. dated the fift of Edward the first, and witnesse G. de Rockesley Maior: R. Arrar one of the Sheriffes, H. Wales, P. le Taylor, T. de Basing, I. Horne, N. Blackthorne, Alderman of London. After this, Iohn le Feure,
don (also a Goldsmith) was foure times Maior, and liued many yeares after: for I haue read diuers déedes whereunto he was a witnesse, dated the yeare 1360. He made his Testament, 1361. which was 53. yeares after his first being Maior,
uernment of William Faringdon the Father, and Nicholas his son, by the space of 82. yeares, and retaineth their name vntill this pre
sent day.
Sir Ralphe Ar
derne Knight, Alderman of that Warde, now called Faringdon, in the raigne of Hen. the third. Anketinus de Auerne, Al
derman. Ralphe le Feure Alder
man.
graunted to Ralphe le Feure,
Citizen of London (one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1277.) all the Aldermanry with the appurderne Knight, Alderman of that Warde, now called Faringdon, in the raigne of Hen. the third. Anketinus de Auerne, Al
derman. Ralphe le Feure Alder
man.
tenances within the Citie of London, and the suburbes of the same, betwéene Ludgate and Newgate, and also without the same gates: which Aldermanry, Anketinus de Ardone held, during his life, by the graunt of the said Thomas de Auerne: to haue and to holde to the said Ralphe and to his heires, fréely, without all chalenge: yéel
ding therefore yearly to the said. Thomas and his heires, one Cloue, (or slip) of Gilli-flowers, at the feast of Easter, for all secular seruice and customes, with warrantie vnto the said Ralphe le Feure, and his heires, against all people, Christians, and Iewes, in considerati
of twentie markes, which the said Ralphe le Feure did giue before hande, in name of a Gersum or fine, to the saide Thomas, &c. dated the fift of Edward the first, and witnesse G. de Rockesley Maior: R. Arrar one of the Sheriffes, H. Wales, P. le Taylor, T. de Basing, I. Horne, N. Blackthorne, Alderman of London. After this, Iohn le Feure,
Iohn le Feure, Alderman.
sonne & heire to the said Ralphe le Feure, granted to
William
249
William Farendon,
Citizen and Goldsmith of
London, and to his heires, the said Aldermanry, with the appurtenances,
for the seruice therunto belonging, in the seuenth of Edward the first, in the yere of Christ 1279.
This Aldermanry descended to Nicholas Farendon,
sonne to the said
William and to his heires: which Nicholas Farendon (also a Goldsmith) was foure times Maior, and liued many yeares after: for I haue read diuers déedes whereunto he was a witnesse, dated the yeare 1360. He made his Testament, 1361. which was 53. yeares after his first being Maior,
Nicholas Fa
rendon liued 53. yeares af
ter hee had beene once Maior.
and was buried in S. Peters in
Cheape. So this Warde continued vnder the gorendon liued 53. yeares af
ter hee had beene once Maior.
uernment of William Faringdon the Father, and Nicholas his son, by the space of 82. yeares, and retaineth their name vntill this pre
sent day.
This Warde of Faringdon within the walles,
is bounded thus: Beginning in the East, at the great
Crosse in West Cheape, from whence it runneth West. On the North side
from the parish church of S. Peter, (which
is at the Southwest corner of Woodstréete) vnto Guthurums Lane, and downe that Lane, to Hugon Lane on the East side, and to Kery Lane on the West.
Then againe into Cheape, and to Foster Lane, and downe that Lane, on the East side, to
the North side of Saint Fausters Church,
and on the West, till ouer against the Southwest corner of the said Church, from
whence downe Fauster Lane, and Noble Stréete, is all of Aldersgate stréete Warde, till ye come to the stone wall, in the West
side of Noble stréete.
Then by the said wal downe to Winsor house,
(or Neuils Inne) and downe Monkes-well stréete, on that West side, and then by
London wall to Criple Gate. And the West
side of that same Gate is of Faringdon
Warde.
Then backe againe into Cheape, and from Fauster Lane end, to Saint
Martins Lane end, and from thence through Saint Ni
cholas Shambles, by Penticost Lane, and Butchers Alley, and by stinking Lane through Newgate Market, to Newgate. All which is the North side of Faringdon Warde.
cholas Shambles, by Penticost Lane, and Butchers Alley, and by stinking Lane through Newgate Market, to Newgate. All which is the North side of Faringdon Warde.
Then on the South from against the said great Crosse in
Cheap, West from Fridayes stréete, and
downe that stréet on the East side, till ouer against the North East corner of
S. Mathewes Church:
and
250
and
on the West side, till the South corner of the said Church.
Then againe along Cheape to the old Exchaunge, and downe that Lane (on the East side)
to the parish church of Saint Augu
stine, (which church and one house next adioyning in Watheling stréete, be of this Warde) and on the West side of this Lane, to the gate which entereth the South church yard of Saint Paules, and within that gate on the North side, to the Gate that entereth the North church yarde: all which North church yard is of this Fa
ringdon Warde.
stine, (which church and one house next adioyning in Watheling stréete, be of this Warde) and on the West side of this Lane, to the gate which entereth the South church yard of Saint Paules, and within that gate on the North side, to the Gate that entereth the North church yarde: all which North church yard is of this Fa
ringdon Warde.
Then againe into Cheape, and from the North end of
the old Exchaunge, West by the North Gate of Powles church yarde, vp Pater Noster Rowe, by the two Lanes out of Powles church, and to a signe of the Golden LyonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, which is some twelue houses short of Aue Mary Lane: the West side of which Lane, is of this Warde.
Send information, which is some twelue houses short of Aue Mary Lane: the West side of which Lane, is of this Warde.
Then at the South ende of Aue Mary Lane, is
Creed Lane: the West side whereof, is
also of this Warde.
Now betwixt the South ende of Aue Mary
Lane, and the North ende of Creede
Lane, is the comming out of Powles Church
yarde. On the East, and the high stréete called Bowier Rowe, to Ludgate on the West side:
which way to Ludgate is of this Warde. On the North
side whereof, is Saint Martins church. And
on the South side, the turning into the blacke
Friers.
Nowe to turne vp againe to the North ende of Aue
Mary Lane, there is a short Lane which runneth West some small
di
stance, and is there closed vp with a gate into a great house: and this is called Amen Lane.
stance, and is there closed vp with a gate into a great house: and this is called Amen Lane.
Then on the North side of Pater Noster
Rowe, beginning at the conduit ouer against the Olde Exchaunge Lane ende, and go
ing west by Saint Michæls church. At the west ende of which church, is a small passage through the Church, towards the North. And beyond this church some small distance, is an other passage, which is called Paniar-Alley: and commeth out against Saint Martins Lane ende.
ing west by Saint Michæls church. At the west ende of which church, is a small passage through the Church, towards the North. And beyond this church some small distance, is an other passage, which is called Paniar-Alley: and commeth out against Saint Martins Lane ende.
Then further West, in Pater Noster Rowe, is
Iuie Lane,
which runneth North to the west
ende of Saint Nicholas Sham
bles. And then west Pater Noster Rowe, till ouer against the
Send information, where the Warde endeth for that stréete.
bles. And then west Pater Noster Rowe, till ouer against the
golden
251
golden LyonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information, where the Warde endeth for that stréete.
And then about some dozen houses (which is of Baynards
Ca
stle Warde) to UUarwike Lane ende: which UUarwicke Lane, stretcheth North to the high stréete of Newgate Market. And the west side of UUarwicke Lane is of this Faringdon UUarde. For the East side of UUarwick Lane, of Aue Mary Lane, and of Creed Lane, with the UUest ende of Pater Noster Rowe, are all of Baynards Castle UUarde.
stle Warde) to UUarwike Lane ende: which UUarwicke Lane, stretcheth North to the high stréete of Newgate Market. And the west side of UUarwicke Lane is of this Faringdon UUarde. For the East side of UUarwick Lane, of Aue Mary Lane, and of Creed Lane, with the UUest ende of Pater Noster Rowe, are all of Baynards Castle UUarde.
Yet (to begin againe at the said Conduit by the old
Exchange) on the North side thereof, is a large stréete that runneth vp
to New
gate, as is aforesaid. The first part or Southside whereof, from the conduit to the Shambles, is called Bladder stréete. Then on the backe side of the shambles, be diuers slaughter houses, and such like, pertaining to the shambles, and this is called Mount-Godard stréet. Then is the Shambles it selfe. And then Newgate Market. And so the whole stréete on both sides vp to Newgate, is of this UUarde, and thus it is wholly bounded.
gate, as is aforesaid. The first part or Southside whereof, from the conduit to the Shambles, is called Bladder stréete. Then on the backe side of the shambles, be diuers slaughter houses, and such like, pertaining to the shambles, and this is called Mount-Godard stréet. Then is the Shambles it selfe. And then Newgate Market. And so the whole stréete on both sides vp to Newgate, is of this UUarde, and thus it is wholly bounded.
Monuments in this UUarde, there be these. First the great
Crosse in UUest cheape.
Crosse in Cheape buil
ded.
But in the warde of
Faringdon, the which crosse was first erected in that place, in the yeare
1291. in the 19. of Edward the first, vpon this occasion.
ded.
Queene Elianor his wife, dyed at Herdeby (a Towne neare vnto the
citie of Lincolne) her bodie was brought from thence to Westminster. And this King (in memorie of her)
caused at euery place (where the bodie was staied in the way) a stately crosse of
stone to be made and erected, with the Quéenes Image and Armes vpon it: as at
Grantham, Woborne, Northampton, Stony Strat
foord, Dunstable, S. Albons, Waltham, West Cheape, and at Charing, from whence she was conueyed to Westminster, and there buried.
foord, Dunstable, S. Albons, Waltham, West Cheape, and at Charing, from whence she was conueyed to Westminster, and there buried.
This Crosse in west cheape, being like to those
other, which re
maine till this day, and being by length of time decaied, Iohn Ha
therley being Maior, procured in the yeare 1441. license of King Henry the 6. in the 21. of his raigne, to reedifie the same in more bewtifull maner,
maine till this day, and being by length of time decaied, Iohn Ha
therley being Maior, procured in the yeare 1441. license of King Henry the 6. in the 21. of his raigne, to reedifie the same in more bewtifull maner,
Crosse in Cheape new
builded.
for the honor of the citie: and had also license to take vp
200. fodar of lead, for the building therof, and of certain conduits, and a common
Gramarie, and it was very curiously wrought,
at
252
at
the charges of diuers Citizens, Iohn Fisher Mercer gaue 600. markes
towards it, and it was not finished before the yeare 1486. the second of Henry the
seuenth. It was newe gilt all ouer in the yeare 1522. against the
comming in of Charles, the fift Emperor, and was new burnished against
the Coronation of Edward the sixt. And gilt againe in the yeare
1554. against the comming in of king Philip. Since the which
time, the said Crosse
hauing bene
presented by diuers Iuries (or Wardmote Inquests) to stand in the highway, to the
let of carriages, &c. In the yeare 1581. the 21. of Iune in
the night, the lowest Images about the said Crosse, were broken and defaced.
Wherupon proclamation was made, that who so wold bewray the doers therof, shuld
haue fortie crownes: but nothing came to light. The Image of the blessed virgin at
the time robbed of her son, and her armes broken by which shee staied him on her
knées, her whole bodie also was strained with ropes so as it was readie to fall:
But was in the yeare 1595. againe fastened and repaired. In the yeare
1596. about Bartholomewtide108, a new Sonne mishapen (as borne out of
time) was laide in her armes. The other Images remaining broken as before.
On the East side of the same Crosse, the steppes being taken thence, vnder the
Image of Christes resurrection, was set vp a curious wrought frame of grey Marble,
and in the same an Image in Alablaster of a woman, (for the most part naked) and
Thames water
Thames wa
ter conueyed to the Crosse in Cheape.
prilling from her breasts: but the same is oft times
dryed vp.
ter conueyed to the Crosse in Cheape.
At the Southwest corner of Woodstréete, is the
parish Church of S. Peter
the Apostle, by the said Crosse, a proper
Church lately new builded. Iohn Shawe Goldsmith Maior, deceased 1503.
appoin
ted by his Testament, the said Church and stéeple to be newly buil
ded of his goods, with a flat roofe. Notwithstanding Tho. Wood Goldsmith; one of the Sheriffes, 1491. is accounted principall be
nefactor: because the roofe of the middle Ile is supported by Images of Woodmen. I finde to haue bene buried in this Church, Nicholas Farendon Maior, Richard Hadley Grocer, 1492. Iohn Palmer Fishmonger, 1500. William Rouse Goldsmith Sheriffe, 1429. T. Atkins Esquire, 1400. Ioh. Butlar Sherif, 1420. Ioh. Palmer,
maine, the others be gone.
ted by his Testament, the said Church and stéeple to be newly buil
ded of his goods, with a flat roofe. Notwithstanding Tho. Wood Goldsmith; one of the Sheriffes, 1491. is accounted principall be
nefactor: because the roofe of the middle Ile is supported by Images of Woodmen. I finde to haue bene buried in this Church, Nicholas Farendon Maior, Richard Hadley Grocer, 1492. Iohn Palmer Fishmonger, 1500. William Rouse Goldsmith Sheriffe, 1429. T. Atkins Esquire, 1400. Ioh. Butlar Sherif, 1420. Ioh. Palmer,
Henry
253
Henry Warley Alderman, 1524. Sir Iohn Monday Goldsmith Maior,
deceased, 1537. Augustin Hinde Cloath-worker, one of the Sheriffes in
the yeare 1550. whose Monument doth yet remaine, the others be gone.
The long shop, or narrow shed, incroching on the high way be
fore this Church, was licensed to be made in the yeare 1401. for thirtie shillings foure pence the yeares rent, but now increased much.
fore this Church, was licensed to be made in the yeare 1401. for thirtie shillings foure pence the yeares rent, but now increased much.
Then is Guthuruns lane,
so called of Guthurun, sometime owner thereof.
The inhabitants of this lane, of olde time were gold
beaters, as doth appeare by records in the Exchequer. For the ea
sterling money was appointed to be made of fine siluer, such as men made into foyle, and was commonly called siluer of Guthuruns lane, &c. The Embrotherers Hall is in this lane. Iohn Throwstone Embrotherer, then Goldsmith, Sheriffe, deceased 1519. gaue fortie pound towards the purchase of this Hall. Hugon Lane on the East side, and Kery lane (called of one Kery) on the West.
beaters, as doth appeare by records in the Exchequer. For the ea
sterling money was appointed to be made of fine siluer, such as men made into foyle, and was commonly called siluer of Guthuruns lane, &c. The Embrotherers Hall is in this lane. Iohn Throwstone Embrotherer, then Goldsmith, Sheriffe, deceased 1519. gaue fortie pound towards the purchase of this Hall. Hugon Lane on the East side, and Kery lane (called of one Kery) on the West.
Then in the high stréet on the same North side, is the Sadlers Hall.
And then Fauster
lane (so called) of Saint Fausters,
a faire
church, lately new builded.
stone, one of the Sheriffes, gaue to the building therof, one hundred pound, by his testamēt. Iohn Browne Seriant Painter, Alderman, deceased 1532. was a great benefactor, and was there buried. Wil
liam Tryst Selerar to the King 1425. Iohn Standelfe, and Iohn Standelfe Goldsmithes, lye buried there. Richard Galder 1544. Agnes wife to William Milborne Chamberlaine of London, 1500. &c.
Parish Church of S. Fauster.
Henry Coote Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes deceased 1509.
builded S. Dunstons chappell there.
Iohn Throwstone, one of the Sheriffes, gaue to the building therof, one hundred pound, by his testamēt. Iohn Browne Seriant Painter, Alderman, deceased 1532. was a great benefactor, and was there buried. Wil
liam Tryst Selerar to the King 1425. Iohn Standelfe, and Iohn Standelfe Goldsmithes, lye buried there. Richard Galder 1544. Agnes wife to William Milborne Chamberlaine of London, 1500. &c.
Then downe Fausterlane and Noble stréete, at the North end whereof, is one great house builded of
stone, commonly called the Lord Windsors
house, but I haue read it by the name of Neuels
Inne
Neuels
Inne or the Lord Winsors house.
in siluer stréete, and at the ende of Monkes well stréete.
In this streete on the west side thereof, is the Barbers
Chi
rurgians Hall, whom obtained their incorporation in the yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie and foure, the second of Ed
ward the fourth, since the which time, they builded theyr Hall.
rurgians Hall, whom obtained their incorporation in the yeare one thousand foure hundred sixtie and foure, the second of Ed
ward the fourth, since the which time, they builded theyr Hall.
254
At
the North corner of this stréete, on the same side, was sometime an
Hermitage,
(or Chappell
of Saint Iames) called in the Wall, neare Cripplegate: it belonged to the Abbey and Couent of Garadon, as appeareth by a record of Edward the first in the twentie seuen yeare. And by a record of Edward the third, the sixtéenth yeare. William de Lyons was Hermit there, and the Abbot and Couent of Geredon, founded two Chapleins, cistercian Monkes of their house: in this Hermitage, one of them was founded there, for Aymor de Valence, Earle of Pembrooke, and Mary de Saint Paule, his Countesse.
Of these Monkes, and of a well pertaining to them, the stréete tooke that name,
and is called Monkes-well streete. This Hermi
tage with the purtenāces, was in the raigne of Edward the sixt pur
chased from the said King, by William Lambe one of the gentlemen of the kings Chappell, Citizen and cloathworker of London: he de
ceased in the yeare 1577. and then gaue it to the Cloath-workers in London: with other Tenements, to the value of fiftie pound the yeare, to the intent they shall hire a Minister to say diuine ser
uice there, &c.
tage with the purtenāces, was in the raigne of Edward the sixt pur
chased from the said King, by William Lambe one of the gentlemen of the kings Chappell, Citizen and cloathworker of London: he de
ceased in the yeare 1577. and then gaue it to the Cloath-workers in London: with other Tenements, to the value of fiftie pound the yeare, to the intent they shall hire a Minister to say diuine ser
uice there, &c.
Againe to the high stréete of Cheape, from Fauster lane ende to S.
Martins, and by that Lane to the Shambels or flesh market, on the North
side whereof, is Penticost Lane,
containing di
uers slaughterhouses for the Butchers: and there is the Butchers Hall.
uers slaughterhouses for the Butchers: and there is the Butchers Hall.
Then was there of olde time, a proper Parish Church of
Saint Nicholas,
Parish Church of S. Nicholas.
whereof the said
flesh market tooke the name, and was called S.
Nicholas Shambles. This church with the tenements, and
Ornaments, was by Henry the eight, giuen to the Mayor and communaltie of
the citie, towards the maintenance of the newe Parish church, then to bee erected
in the late dissolued church of the Gray Fryers: so
was this church dissolued and pulled downe. In place whereof, and of the church
yard, many faire houses are now builded in a court with a well, &c.
Then is Stinking lane,
so called, or Chicke-lane at the East end of the Gray Fryers church. And then the late dissolued church of the Gray Fryers:
The Originall whereof, was this.
The
255
The
first of this order of Fryers in England nine in number, arriued at Douer: fiue of them remained at Canterburie, the other 4. came to London, were lodged at the preaching Friers in Oldboorn, for the space of fiftéene dayes: and then they hyred an house in Corn
hill, of Iohn Treuers, one of the Sheriffes of London. They builded there little cells, wherein they inhabited, but shortly after, the de
uotion of the citizens towards them, and the number of the Fry
ers so increased, that they were by the citizens remooued to a place in S. Nicholas Shambles: which Iohn Ewin Mearcer, appropria
ted vnto the comunaltie, to the vse of these said Fryers, and him
selfe became a lay-brother amongst them. About the yeare 1225. William Ioyner builded their Quire, Henry Walles the body of the church: Walter Poter Alderman the Chapter house: Gregory Rokesly, their Dorter: Bartholomewe of the castle made the re
fectorie: Peter de Heliland made the infirmitorie: Beuis Bond king of Heraults, made the Studie, &c. Margaret Quéene, second wife to Edward the 1. began the Quire of their new church, in the yeare 1306. to the building whereof, in her life time, she gaue 2000. Markes, and one hundred marke by her Testament.
Iohn Britaine Earle of Richmond, builded the bodie of the
church, to the charges of thrée hundred pound, and gaue many rich Iewels and
Ornaments to be vsed in the same. Mary Countesse of Pembroke,
seuentie pound. Gilbert de Clare, Earle of Gloster, be
stowed 20. great beams out of his Forrest of Tūbridge, & 20. pound Starlings: Lady Helianor le Spencer, Lady Elizabeth de Brugh, sister to Gilbert de Clare, gaue sums of money: and so did diuers citizens: as Arnald de Tolinea, one hundred pound. Robert Bar
ron Lisle, who became a Fryer there, thrée hundred pound. Bartho
lomew de Almaine fiftie pound. Also Philippe Quéene, wife to Edward the third, gaue 70. pound. And so the worke was done with
in the space of 21. yeares 1327. This church thus rich furnished with windowes made at the charges of diuers persons, the Lady Marga
ret Segraue, Countesse of Norffolk, bare the charges of making the stalls in the quire, to the value of 350. markes, about the yeare 1380. Richard Whittington founded the Librarie, in the yeare 1429. which was in length, one hundred twentie and nine foote: and in breadth, one and twentie foote: all séeled with wainscot, hauing twentie eight deskes, and eight double settles of wainscot.
stowed 20. great beams out of his Forrest of Tūbridge, & 20. pound Starlings: Lady Helianor le Spencer, Lady Elizabeth de Brugh, sister to Gilbert de Clare, gaue sums of money: and so did diuers citizens: as Arnald de Tolinea, one hundred pound. Robert Bar
ron Lisle, who became a Fryer there, thrée hundred pound. Bartho
lomew de Almaine fiftie pound. Also Philippe Quéene, wife to Edward the third, gaue 70. pound. And so the worke was done with
in the space of 21. yeares 1327. This church thus rich furnished with windowes made at the charges of diuers persons, the Lady Marga
ret Segraue, Countesse of Norffolk, bare the charges of making the stalls in the quire, to the value of 350. markes, about the yeare 1380. Richard Whittington founded the Librarie, in the yeare 1429. which was in length, one hundred twentie and nine foote: and in breadth, one and twentie foote: all séeled with wainscot, hauing twentie eight deskes, and eight double settles of wainscot.
Which
256
Which
in the yeare next following, was altogither finished in building, and within three yeares after, furnished with bookes, to the charges of fiue hundred fiftie sixe pound, tenne shillings, whereof Richard Whittington bare foure hundred pound, the rest was boorne by Doctor Thomas Winchelsey, a Fryer there: and for the writing out of D. Nicholas de lira his workes in two volumes, to be chained there, 100. Markes, &c. The séeling of the Quire at diuers mens charges, two hundred markes, and the paynting at fiftie markes.
This whole Church containeth in length
Length and
bredth of Gray Friers Church.
thrée
hundred foote, of the feete of S. Paul: in
breadth, eightie nine foote, and in heigth from the ground to the Roofe, 64.
foote, and two inches, &c. It was consecrated 1325. and at the
generall suppression, was valued at thirtie two pound, ninetéene shillings,
surrendred the twelfth of Nouember, 1538. the 30. of Henry the
eight, the ornaments and goods beeing taken to the Kings vse: the Church
was shut vp for a time, and vsed as a Store house of goods, taken as pryses from
the French: But in the yeare 1546. on the third of
Ianuarie, was againe set open. On the which day, preached at Paules Crosse the Bishop of Rochester, where
he declared the Kings gift thereof, to the Citie, for the releeuing of the
poore.
Which gift was by pattent of Saint Bartholomewes
Spittle in Smithfield, lately valued at
thrée hundred fiue pound sixe shil
lings seuen pence, and surrendred to the King: of the said Church of the Gray Fryers, and of two parrish Churches,
gate market, which were to be made one Parish Church in the sayd Fryers Church, and in lands hee gaue for maintenance of the sayd Church, with diuine seruice, reparations, &c. 500. markes by yeare for euer.
lings seuen pence, and surrendred to the King: of the said Church of the Gray Fryers, and of two parrish Churches,
Gray Freyers Church made a
Parish Church.
the one of Saint
Nicholas in the Shambels, and the other of S. Ewines in Newgate market, which were to be made one Parish Church in the sayd Fryers Church, and in lands hee gaue for maintenance of the sayd Church, with diuine seruice, reparations, &c. 500. markes by yeare for euer.
The thirtéenth of Ianuarie, the 38. of Henry the eight, an a
gréement was made betwixt the King and the Maior, and commu
naltie of London: dated the 27. of December: by which the said gift of the Gray Fryers Church, with all the Edifices, and ground, the Fratrie, the Librarie, the Dortar, and Chapter-house, the great Cloystrie and the lesser: tenements, gardens, and vacant grounds, Lead, Stone, Iron, &c. The Hospitall of S. Bartholomewe in west
purtenances. The Parishes of Saint Nicholas, and of S. Ewin, and so much of Saint Pulchers as is within the gate, called New
gate, were made one Parish church in the Gray Fryers church, and called Christes church: founded by Henry the 8.
gréement was made betwixt the King and the Maior, and commu
naltie of London: dated the 27. of December: by which the said gift of the Gray Fryers Church, with all the Edifices, and ground, the Fratrie, the Librarie, the Dortar, and Chapter-house, the great Cloystrie and the lesser: tenements, gardens, and vacant grounds, Lead, Stone, Iron, &c. The Hospitall of S. Bartholomewe in west
Smith
257
Smithfield, the church of the same, the leade,
belles, and ornaments of the same Hospitall, with all the Messuages, Tenements,
and appurtenances. The Parishes of Saint Nicholas, and of S. Ewin, and so much of Saint Pulchers as is within the gate, called New
gate, were made one Parish church in the Gray Fryers church, and called Christes church: founded by Henry the 8.
The Uickar of Christs church was to haue 26. pound, 13. s. 4. d. the yeare. The
Uicar of S. Bartholomew 13. li. 6. s. 8. d. The Uisitar of Newgate (being
a Priest) ten pound. And other 5. Priests in Christes
church, all to be helping in the diuine seruice, ministring the
Sacraments, and Sacramentals, the fiue Priests to haue 8. li. the péece. 2.
Clarks, 6. pound each. A Sexton 4. li. Moreouer, he gaue them the Hospitall of Bethelem: with the lauer of
Brasse, by estima
tion, 18. foote in length, and 2. foote and a halfe in depth, and the wa
ter course of leade to the said Fryer house belonging, conteining by estimation in lēgth, 18. Acres. In the yeare 1552. began the prepa
ring of the Gray Fryers house, for the poore fatherlesse children. And in the month of Nouember, the children were taken into the same, to the number of almost foure hundreth. On Christmas day in the afternoone, while the Lord Maior and Alderman rode to Powles, the children of Christs Hospitall stood, from S. Lawrence Lane ende in Cheape, towards Powles, all in one liuery of Russet cotton, 340. in number. And at Easter next, they were in blewe, and so haue con
tinued euer since.
tion, 18. foote in length, and 2. foote and a halfe in depth, and the wa
ter course of leade to the said Fryer house belonging, conteining by estimation in lēgth, 18. Acres. In the yeare 1552. began the prepa
ring of the Gray Fryers house, for the poore fatherlesse children. And in the month of Nouember, the children were taken into the same, to the number of almost foure hundreth. On Christmas day in the afternoone, while the Lord Maior and Alderman rode to Powles, the children of Christs Hospitall stood, from S. Lawrence Lane ende in Cheape, towards Powles, all in one liuery of Russet cotton, 340. in number. And at Easter next, they were in blewe, and so haue con
tinued euer since.
The defaced Monuments in this church
chesse of Britaine, daughter to Henry the 3. And Elianor Duchesse of Buckingham, 1530. Sir Robert Lyle Baron. The Lady Lysle and Margaret de Riuars, Countesse of Deuon, all vnder one stone. Iohn Hastings Earle of Pembrooke, 1389, Margaret daughter to Tho. Brotherton Earle Marshall, she was Duchesse of Norffolke, and Countesse Marshall, and Ladie Segraue, 1389, Peter Bishop of Carbon in Hungary, 1331. Gregory Rocksley Maior. Sir Iohn Deuerux Knight, 1385. Iohn Denham Baron, sometime
zabeth Neuell wife to Iohn, sonne and heire to Raphe Earle of Westmerland, and mother to Raphe Earle of Westmerland, and daughter to Richard Earle of Kent, 1423. Edward Burnell sonne to the Lord Burnell. In Alhallowes chapel. Iames Fines Lord Say. 1450. and Helenor his wife 1452. Iohn Smith Bishop of Landafe, 1478. Iohn, Baron Hilton: Iohn Baron Clinton. Ri
chard Hastings Knight, Lord of Willowbie, and Wells, Tho. Bur
det Esquire beheaded, 1477. Robert Lile son & heire to the L. Lisle. In our Lady chapell, Io. Gisors of Lo. knight. Humphrey Stafford Esquire of Woorstershire 1486. Rob. Bartram Baron of Bothell. Raphe Barons knight. Wi. Apleton knight. Reynold de Cambrey knight. T. Bewmond, sonne & heire to H. lord Bewmond. Iohn But
ler Knight. Adam de Howton knight, 1417. Bartholomew Caster knight of Lon. Reinfride Arundle kntght, 1468. T. Couil Esquire 1422. In the Postles chapel, Walter Blunt knight of the Garter, and L. Mountioy, Treasurer of England 1474. Edward Blunt L. Mountioye 1475. Alice Blunt Mountioye, sometime wife to Wil
liam Browne Mayor of London, and daughter to Henry Kebell, Mayor 1521. Anne Blunt daughter to Iohn Blunt knight, Lord Mountioy, 1480. Sir Allen Cheinie knight, and sir Tho. Greene knight. William Blunt Esquire, sonne and heire to Walter Blunt, and father to Ed. Lord Mountioy. Iames Blunt Knight, sonne to Walter Blunt Captaine of Gwynes 1492. Flizabeth Blunt wife to Robert Curson knight, 1494. Bartholomew Burwashe, and Iohn Burwashe his sonne, Iohn Blunt Lord Mountioy captain of Gwins & Hams 1485. Alan Buxhall of London, Iohn Blunt knight 1531. Iohn Philpot knight Mayor, and the Lady Iane Sampford his wife 1384. Margaret daughter to sir Iohn Philpot, first married
cholas Malmains Hugh Parsal knight, 1490. Alexandria Kirke
ton knight, &c. In the body of the Church, William Paulet Esquire of Summersetshire 1482. Iohn Moyle gentleman 1530. Peter Champion Esquire 1511. Iohn Harte Gentleman 1449. Alice La. Hungarford, hanged at Tiborne, for murdering her husband, 1523. Edward Hall Gentleman of Grayes Inne, 1470. Ri. Churchyard Gentleman fellow of Grayes Inne, 1498. Iohn Mortimar knight beheaded 1423. Henry Frowike Alderman, Renauld Frowike, Philip Pats, 1518. William Porter Seriant at armes 1515. Tho
mas Grantham Gentleman 1511. Edmond Rotheley Gentlemā 1470. Henry Reston Gentleman of Grayes Inne, 1485. I. Au
brye sonne to I. Aubrye, Maior of Norwich, 1368. Nicholas Mon
gomery Gentleman, sonne to Io. Mongomery of Northampton
shire 1485. Sir Bartho. Emfield knight: Sir Barnard, S. Peter knight, Sir Raphe Sandwiche knight, Custos of London. Sir An
drew Sakauile knight.
Monuments in
Christs Church.
were these. First in
the Quire of the Ladie Margaret, daughter to Phillip king of
France, and wife to Edward the first, foundresse of this new
church, 1317. Of Isabel daughter to Edward the 3. wedded to
the Lord Couse of France, Alianor, wife to Iohn Duke of
Britaine, Beatrix Duchesse of Britaine, daughter to Henry the 3. And Elianor Duchesse of Buckingham, 1530. Sir Robert Lyle Baron. The Lady Lysle and Margaret de Riuars, Countesse of Deuon, all vnder one stone. Iohn Hastings Earle of Pembrooke, 1389, Margaret daughter to Tho. Brotherton Earle Marshall, she was Duchesse of Norffolke, and Countesse Marshall, and Ladie Segraue, 1389, Peter Bishop of Carbon in Hungary, 1331. Gregory Rocksley Maior. Sir Iohn Deuerux Knight, 1385. Iohn Denham Baron, sometime
Treasuror
S
258
Treasuror of England, knight of the Garter, 1501. William Fitz
Warren Baron, and Isabell his wife, sometime Quéene of Man.
Robert Chalons knight, 1439. Iohn Chalons, Isabell Quéen wife to
Edward the second, daughter to Philippe King of
France, 1358. Isabell daughter to Edward
the third, Countesse of Bedford, and Lady Cousie, Iohan of the
Tower Qéene of Scots, daughter to E. the 2. Iohn duke of
Burbon, and Augue, Earle of Claremond, Mounpauncer,
and Baron Beaugen, who was taken prisoner at Agen-court, kept
prisoner 18. yeares, and deceased 1433. Elizabeth Neuell wife to Iohn, sonne and heire to Raphe Earle of Westmerland, and mother to Raphe Earle of Westmerland, and daughter to Richard Earle of Kent, 1423. Edward Burnell sonne to the Lord Burnell. In Alhallowes chapel. Iames Fines Lord Say. 1450. and Helenor his wife 1452. Iohn Smith Bishop of Landafe, 1478. Iohn, Baron Hilton: Iohn Baron Clinton. Ri
chard Hastings Knight, Lord of Willowbie, and Wells, Tho. Bur
det Esquire beheaded, 1477. Robert Lile son & heire to the L. Lisle. In our Lady chapell, Io. Gisors of Lo. knight. Humphrey Stafford Esquire of Woorstershire 1486. Rob. Bartram Baron of Bothell. Raphe Barons knight. Wi. Apleton knight. Reynold de Cambrey knight. T. Bewmond, sonne & heire to H. lord Bewmond. Iohn But
ler Knight. Adam de Howton knight, 1417. Bartholomew Caster knight of Lon. Reinfride Arundle kntght, 1468. T. Couil Esquire 1422. In the Postles chapel, Walter Blunt knight of the Garter, and L. Mountioy, Treasurer of England 1474. Edward Blunt L. Mountioye 1475. Alice Blunt Mountioye, sometime wife to Wil
liam Browne Mayor of London, and daughter to Henry Kebell, Mayor 1521. Anne Blunt daughter to Iohn Blunt knight, Lord Mountioy, 1480. Sir Allen Cheinie knight, and sir Tho. Greene knight. William Blunt Esquire, sonne and heire to Walter Blunt, and father to Ed. Lord Mountioy. Iames Blunt Knight, sonne to Walter Blunt Captaine of Gwynes 1492. Flizabeth Blunt wife to Robert Curson knight, 1494. Bartholomew Burwashe, and Iohn Burwashe his sonne, Iohn Blunt Lord Mountioy captain of Gwins & Hams 1485. Alan Buxhall of London, Iohn Blunt knight 1531. Iohn Philpot knight Mayor, and the Lady Iane Sampford his wife 1384. Margaret daughter to sir Iohn Philpot, first married
to
259
to
T. Sentler Esquire, & after to Iohn Neyland Esquire.
Nicholas Biember knight Maior, Rowl. Blunt Esquire, 1509.
Ro. Bradbury
1489. Nicholas Clifton knight. Frances Chape, 2. sons
of Allayne Lord Cheinery, and Iohn sonne and heire to
the same Lord Allayne Cheinie knight. Iohn Robpart knight of the
Garter 1450. Alleine Cheiney knight, Thomas Malorye Knight,
1470. Thomas Yong a Iustice of ye Bench,
1476. Iohn Baldwin fellow of Grays Inne, and common Seriant of
London, 1469. Walter Wrotsley knight of
Warwick-shire, 1473. Stephen Ienins Marchantaylor, Mayor
1523. Thomas a Par, and Iohn Wiltwater, slaine at
Barnet, 1471. Robert Elkenton knight 1460.
Richard Hauering knight 1388. Robert
Trisilian knight, Iustice, 1308. Geoffrye
Lucy, sonne to Geoffrey Lucy, Iohn Water Alias Yorke Herault
1520. Iohn More (Alias Nory) Herault 1491. George
Hopton Knight, 1489. Betwéene the quire and the Aulter, Rape
Spiganell knight, Iohn Moyle gentleman of Greyes Inne, 1495.
William Huddie knight 1501. Io.
Cobham a baron of Kēt, Iohn Mortayn knight Iohn
Deyncort knight, Iohn Norbery Esquire, high Treasurer of
England, Henry Norbere his sonne Esquire, Iohn Southlee
knight, Thomas Sakuile, Thomas Lucy knight 1525. Robert de la
Riuar, sonne to Mauricius de la Riuar, Lord of
Tormerton, 1457
Iohn Malmaynas Esquire, and Thomas Malmayns knights, Nicholas Malmains Hugh Parsal knight, 1490. Alexandria Kirke
ton knight, &c. In the body of the Church, William Paulet Esquire of Summersetshire 1482. Iohn Moyle gentleman 1530. Peter Champion Esquire 1511. Iohn Harte Gentleman 1449. Alice La. Hungarford, hanged at Tiborne, for murdering her husband, 1523. Edward Hall Gentleman of Grayes Inne, 1470. Ri. Churchyard Gentleman fellow of Grayes Inne, 1498. Iohn Mortimar knight beheaded 1423. Henry Frowike Alderman, Renauld Frowike, Philip Pats, 1518. William Porter Seriant at armes 1515. Tho
mas Grantham Gentleman 1511. Edmond Rotheley Gentlemā 1470. Henry Reston Gentleman of Grayes Inne, 1485. I. Au
brye sonne to I. Aubrye, Maior of Norwich, 1368. Nicholas Mon
gomery Gentleman, sonne to Io. Mongomery of Northampton
shire 1485. Sir Bartho. Emfield knight: Sir Barnard, S. Peter knight, Sir Raphe Sandwiche knight, Custos of London. Sir An
drew Sakauile knight.
All
S2
260
All
these and fiue times so many more haue bin buried there, whose Monuments are
wholly defaced: for there were 9. Tombes of Alablaster and Marble, inuironed with strikes of Iron in the Quire, and one Tombe in the bodie of the church also coped with yron, all pulled downe, besides 7. score graue stones of Marble, all sold for 50. pound or thereabouts, by Sir Martin Bowes. Of late time buried there, Walter Hadden Doctor, &c.
From this church West to Newgate, is of this Warde.
Now for the Southside of this Warde, beginning againe at the crosse in Cheape, from thence to Friday stréete,
and downe that stréete on the West side, till ouer
against the Northwest corner of S. Mat
thewes church. And on the West side, to the South corner of the said church, which is wholly in the Warde of Faringdon, a proper church, and hath these fewe Monuments of Sir Nicholas Twiford Goldsmith, Maior: who gaue to that church an house, with the ap
purtenances, called the Griffon on the Hope, in ye same stréet. Tho
mas Pole Goldsmith, 1395. Robert Iohnson Goldsmith, Alder
man. Robert Harding Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, 1478. Iohn Twiselton Goldsmith, Alderman, 1525. Raphe Allen Gro
cer, one of the Sheriffes deceased, 1546. Anthony Gamage Iron
monger, one of the Sheriffes, deceased, 1579. Cage, Iohn Mabbe Chamberlaine of London, &c.
thewes church. And on the West side, to the South corner of the said church, which is wholly in the Warde of Faringdon, a proper church, and hath these fewe Monuments of Sir Nicholas Twiford Goldsmith, Maior: who gaue to that church an house, with the ap
purtenances, called the Griffon on the Hope, in ye same stréet. Tho
mas Pole Goldsmith, 1395. Robert Iohnson Goldsmith, Alder
man. Robert Harding Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, 1478. Iohn Twiselton Goldsmith, Alderman, 1525. Raphe Allen Gro
cer, one of the Sheriffes deceased, 1546. Anthony Gamage Iron
monger, one of the Sheriffes, deceased, 1579. Cage, Iohn Mabbe Chamberlaine of London, &c.
From this Friday stréete, West to the Old
Exchaunge,
a stréet so called of the Kings Exchaunge there kept, which was for the re
ceit of Bullion, to be quoyned. For Henry the 3. in the 6. yeare of his raigne, wrote to the Scabines and men of Ipre, that he and his councell had giuen prohibition, that none, Cnglishmen109 or other, should make chaunge of plate or other Masse of siluer, but onely in this Exchaunge at London, or at Canterbury. Andrew Buke
rell then had to Farme the Exchaunge of England, and was Ma
ior of London in the raigne of Henry the third. Iohn Somercote had the keeping of the Kings Exchaunge ouer all England. In the eigth of Edward the first, Gregory Rockesly was kéeper of the saide Exchaunge for the King. In the fift of Edward the second, William Hausted was kéeper thereof. And in the 18. Roger de Frowicke, &c.
ceit of Bullion, to be quoyned. For Henry the 3. in the 6. yeare of his raigne, wrote to the Scabines and men of Ipre, that he and his councell had giuen prohibition, that none, Cnglishmen109 or other, should make chaunge of plate or other Masse of siluer, but onely in this Exchaunge at London, or at Canterbury. Andrew Buke
rell then had to Farme the Exchaunge of England, and was Ma
ior of London in the raigne of Henry the third. Iohn Somercote had the keeping of the Kings Exchaunge ouer all England. In the eigth of Edward the first, Gregory Rockesly was kéeper of the saide Exchaunge for the King. In the fift of Edward the second, William Hausted was kéeper thereof. And in the 18. Roger de Frowicke, &c.
These
261
These
receiued the old stampe, or coyning yrons, from time to time, as the same were
worne, and deliuered new to al the Mints in England, as more at large in another place I haue noted.
This stréete beginneth by West Cheape in the North,
and runneth downe South so Knight-Riders stréete:
that part thereof which is called Olde-Fish stréete,
but the very housing and Office of the Exchaunge and
Coynage, was about the midst therof, South from the East Gate that
entereth Pawles Church yarde, and on the West side
in Baynards Castle Warde.
On the East side of this Lane, betwixt West cheape,
and the church of S. Augustine, Henry
Walles Maior (by license of Ed. the first) builded one Rowe of
houses, the profits rising of them to be im
ployed on London Bridge.
ployed on London Bridge.
The parish church of S. Augustine,
ning in Watheling streete, is of this Warde called Faringdon. This is a faire church, and lately well repaired, wherein be Monu
ments remaining of Henry Reade Armourer, one of the Sheriffes 1450. Robert Bellesdon Haberdasher, Maior, 1491. Sir Townley, William Dere one of the Sheriffes, 1450. Robert Ra
uen Haberdasher, 1500. Thomas Apleyard Gentleman, 1515. William Moncaster Merchant Taylor, 1524. Willi. Holte Mer
chant Taylor, 1544. &c.
Parish church of S. Augu
stine.
and one house next
adioystine.
ning in Watheling streete, is of this Warde called Faringdon. This is a faire church, and lately well repaired, wherein be Monu
ments remaining of Henry Reade Armourer, one of the Sheriffes 1450. Robert Bellesdon Haberdasher, Maior, 1491. Sir Townley, William Dere one of the Sheriffes, 1450. Robert Ra
uen Haberdasher, 1500. Thomas Apleyard Gentleman, 1515. William Moncaster Merchant Taylor, 1524. Willi. Holte Mer
chant Taylor, 1544. &c.
Then is the North church yard of Powles, in the
which stan
deth the Cathedrall church of S. Paule. This church was first foun
ded by Ethelbart King of Kent, about the yeare of Christ, 610. he gaue thereto lands, as appeareth.
deth the Cathedrall church of S. Paule. This church was first foun
ded by Ethelbart King of Kent, about the yeare of Christ, 610. he gaue thereto lands, as appeareth.
Aedelbertus Rex deo inspirante, pro animæ sua remedio dedit epis
copo melito terram qua appellatur Tillingeham ad monaster: sui solatiū soilioz, S. Pauli: Et ego Rex Aethelbertus ita firmiter concedo tibi presulimelito potestatem eius habendi & possidendi vt in perpetuum in monastary vtilitate permanet, &c. Athelstan, Edgare, Edward the Confessor, and others also gaue lands therunto. Williā Conqueror gaue to the Church of S. Paule, and to Mauricius then Bishop, and his successors, the Castle of Stortford, with the appurtenances, &c. He also confirmed the gifts of his predecessors, in these words: Omne I Rex Angl. Clamo quietas in perpetuum, 24. Hidas quas Rex Aetholbert dedit S. Paulo iuxta murum London, &c.
copo melito terram qua appellatur Tillingeham ad monaster: sui solatiū soilioz, S. Pauli: Et ego Rex Aethelbertus ita firmiter concedo tibi presulimelito potestatem eius habendi & possidendi vt in perpetuum in monastary vtilitate permanet, &c. Athelstan, Edgare, Edward the Confessor, and others also gaue lands therunto. Williā Conqueror gaue to the Church of S. Paule, and to Mauricius then Bishop, and his successors, the Castle of Stortford, with the appurtenances, &c. He also confirmed the gifts of his predecessors, in these words: Omne I Rex Angl. Clamo quietas in perpetuum, 24. Hidas quas Rex Aetholbert dedit S. Paulo iuxta murum London, &c.
The
S3
262
The
Charter of King William the Conqueror, giuen to the church of S. Paule in London,
exemplified in the Tower: the latin thereof Englished thus.
William by the grace of God, King of Englishmen, To all his welbeloued
French and English people, greeting. Know ye that I do giue vnto God and the Church of S. Paule of London, and to
the Rectors and Seruitors of the same, in all their lands which the Church hath,
or shall haue, within borough and without, sack and socke, Thole and The,
Infangthefe, and Grithbriche, and all freeshippes by sea and by land, on tyde, and
off tyde, and all the rights that into them. Christendome by
rad and more speake and on buright hamed, and on
buright worke, afore all the Bishop
pricks in mine land: and on each other mans land. For I will that the Church in all things be as free as I would my soule to be in the day of iudgement, witnesses Ofmound our Chancellor, Lamfranke the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Thomas Archbishop of York, Roger Earle of Salesbury, and Alane the Countie, and Geffrey de Magna villa, and Raphe Peuerell.
pricks in mine land: and on each other mans land. For I will that the Church in all things be as free as I would my soule to be in the day of iudgement, witnesses Ofmound our Chancellor, Lamfranke the Archbishop of Canterbury, and Thomas Archbishop of York, Roger Earle of Salesbury, and Alane the Countie, and Geffrey de Magna villa, and Raphe Peuerell.
In the yeare 1087. this church of S.
Paule
shed, it was to them so wonderfull for length & breadth, & also ye same was builded vpon Arches (or Uaultes) of stone, for defence of fire, which was a manner of woorke before that time vnknowne to the people of this Nation, and then brought in by the French: and the stone was fetcht from Cane in Normandy.
Saint Paules
church brent.
was brent with fire, and therwith the more part
of the citie which fire began at the entry of the West gate, and consumed to the
East gate. Mauricius then Bishop, began therefore the foundation of a new
church of S. Paule,
Foundation of the newe Church of S.
Paul builded, stone brought from Cane in Normandie.
a work that
men of that time iudged wold neuer haue bin finished, it was to them so wonderfull for length & breadth, & also ye same was builded vpon Arches (or Uaultes) of stone, for defence of fire, which was a manner of woorke before that time vnknowne to the people of this Nation, and then brought in by the French: and the stone was fetcht from Cane in Normandy.
This Mauricius deceased in the yeare 1107. Richard
Beamor succéeded him in the Bishoppricke, who did wonderfully increase the
said church, purchasing of his owne cost, the large stréetes and Lanes about it,
wherin were wont to dwel many laye people, which ground he began to compasse
about, with a strong wall of stone and gates. King Henry the first gaue
to the said Richard, so much of the Mote (or Wall) of the castle, on the
Thames side to the South, as should be néedfull to make the said wal of the
church, and so much as should suffise to make a wall without the way on the North
side, &c.
It
263
It
should séeme that this Richard inclosed but two sides of the saide church or Semitorie of Saint Paule, to wit,
the South and North sides: for King Edward the second, in the tenth of his raigne,
graunted that the saide church yarde should be inclosed with a wall where it
wanted, for the murthers and robberies that were there committed. But the
cittizens then claimed the East part of the church yarde to bee the place of
assembly to their folkemotes, and that the great stéeple there scituate was to
that vse, their common bell,
The common110 bell in
Paule: church yard rung, for the calling togi
ther of the Citizens to their folke
motes.
which being there rung, all the
inhabitants of the citie might heare and come togither. They also claimed the West
side, that they might there assemble themselues togither, with the Lorde of Baynardes castle, for view of their Armour in
defence of the citie. This matter was in the Tower of
London referred to Haruius de Stanton, and his
fellow Iustices Itenerantes: but I finde not the decision or iudgement of
that controuersie.
ther of the Citizens to their folke
motes.
True it is, that Edward the third, in the seuentéene of his
raigne, gaue commandement for the finishing of that wall, which was then
performed, and to this day it continueth. Although now on both the sides (to wit,
within and without) it be hidden with dwelling hou
ses. Richard Beamer deceased in the yeare 1127. and his successors in processe of time, performed the worke begunne.
ses. Richard Beamer deceased in the yeare 1127. and his successors in processe of time, performed the worke begunne.
The stéeple of this church was builded and finished in the yeare 1222.
The crosse on the said stéeple fell downe, and a new was set vp in the yeare 1314.
The new worke of Powles (so called) at the East ende aboue the
Quire, was begun in the yeare 1251.
Henry Lacie Earle of Lincolne, Constable of Chester,
and Custos of England, in his time was a great benefactor to this work, and was
there buried, in the yeare 1310. Also Raphe Baldocke Bishop of
London, in his life time gaue two hundreth markes to the building of
the saide newe worke:
ment, towards the finishing thereof, he deceased in the yeare 1313 and was buried in the Lady chappell.
The newe woorke of Powles.
and left much by his Testament, towards the finishing thereof, he deceased in the yeare 1313 and was buried in the Lady chappell.
The first of February, in the yeare 1444. about two of the
clock in the afternoone, this stéeple was fiered by lightning,
bour of many well disposed people, the same was to appearance quenched with Uinegre, so that all men withdrew themselues
Powles stee
ple fiered by lightning.
in the midst of
the shaft or spéere, both on the West side, & on the South, but by laple fiered by lightning.
bour of many well disposed people, the same was to appearance quenched with Uinegre, so that all men withdrew themselues
to
S4
264
to
their houses praising God: but betwéene eight and nine of the clock in the same
night, the fire brast out again, more feruently then before, and did much hurt to
the Lead and Timber, till by the great labour of the Maior and people that came
thither, it was throughly quenched.
This stéeple was repaired
ther Cocke againe erected: but one Robert Godwin winding it vp, the rope brake, and he was destroyed on the Pinacles, and the cock
Pauls steeple
repaired.
in the yeare 1462.
and the Weather Cocke againe erected: but one Robert Godwin winding it vp, the rope brake, and he was destroyed on the Pinacles, and the cock
Another cock of Pauls
steeple.
was sore brused. But
Burchwood (the Kings Plomer) set it vp againe: since the which time,
néeding reparation, it was both taken down & set vp, in ye
yeare 1553. it thē wayed 40. poūd. At which time it was found to be of
copper gilt ouer, and the length from the bill to the taile, being 4. foote, and
the breadth ouer the wings, 3. foote & a halfe: the crosse from the bole, to
the Eagle (or Cocke) was fifteene foote, and sixe inches of a sise: the length
thereof ouerthwart, was fiue foote and ten inches: and the compasse of the bole
was nine foote and one inch. The inner bodie of this Crosse, was Oake, the next
couer was Leade, and the vttermost was of Copper, red varnished. The boale and
Eagle, or Cocke, were of Copper and gilt also. The height of the stéeple was 520.
foote,
Height of the steeple.
wherof
the stone worke, is 260. foote, and ye spire was likewise 260.
foote: the length of ye whole church,
Length of Pauls Church.
is two hundred and fortie taylors yardes, which make 720. foote: the breadth
thereof, is 130. foote: and the height of the body of that church, is 150.
foote.
Gouernors> of this Church.
This church hath a Bishop, a Deane, a Precentor, Chauncelor, Treasurer, and fiue
Archdeacons: to wit, of London, Middlesex, Essex, Colchester and S.
Albons: it hath Prebendaries thirtie, Cannons twelue, Uickars Chorall
six, &c.
The Colledge of Petty Cannons there,
Petie Can
nons of Pauls.
was founded by king
Richard the second, in honor of Quéene Anne his wife, and of
her progenitors, in the 17. of his raign. Their Hall and lands was then giuen vnto them, as
appeareth by the Pattent, Maister Robert Dokesworth then being maister
thereof.
nons of Pauls.
There was also one great Cloyster on the North side of this church,
inuironing a plot of ground, of old
time called Pardō church yard, whereof Thomas More (Deane of Pauls) was either the first builder, or a most
especiall benefactor, and was buried there.
bray,
ber and curious workemanship, passed all other that were in that church.
Daunce of Pauls.
About this Cloyster, was
artificially & richly painted, the dance of Machabray,
bray,
265
or
dance of death, commonly called the dance of Pauls: the like wherof, was
painted about S. Innocents cloister, at Paris in
Frāce: the metres or poesie of this daunce, were translated out of
French into English, by Iohn Lidgate, the Monke of Bery, & with ye picture of Death, leading all estates painted about the
Cloyster: at the speciall request and dispence of Iankin Carpenter, in
the Raigne of Henry the
6. In this Cloyster were buried many persons, some of worship, and
others of honour: the monuments of whom, in number and curious workemanship, passed all other that were in that church.
Ouer the East Quadrant of this Cloyster, was a faire Libra
rie, builded at the costs and charges of Walter Sherington, Chance
lor of the Duchie of Lancaster, in the raigne of Henry the 6. which hath béene well furnished with faire written bookes in Uellum: but fewe of them now do remaine there. In the middest of this pardon church yard, was also a faire Chapel, first foūded by Gilbert Becker, Portgraue and principal magistrate of this citie, in the raign of king Stephen, who was there buried.
rie, builded at the costs and charges of Walter Sherington, Chance
lor of the Duchie of Lancaster, in the raigne of Henry the 6. which hath béene well furnished with faire written bookes in Uellum: but fewe of them now do remaine there. In the middest of this pardon church yard, was also a faire Chapel, first foūded by Gilbert Becker, Portgraue and principal magistrate of this citie, in the raign of king Stephen, who was there buried.
Thomas Moore Deane of Pauls before named, reedified this
Chappel, and founded thrée Chaplains there, in the raigne of Henry the
5.
In the yeare 1549. on the tenth of Aprill, the said Chappell by
commaundement of the Duke of Summerset, was begun to bee pulled downe,
with the whole Cloystrie, the daunce of Death, the Tombes, and monuments: so that
nothing thereof was left, but the bare plot of ground, which is since conuerted
into a garden, for the Pety Canons. There was also a
Chapel at the North dore of Pauls,
founded by the same Walter
Sherington, by license of Henry the sixt, for two, thrée, or
foure Chaplains, indowed with fortie pound by the yeare. This Chapell also was
pulled downe in the raigne of Edward the sixt, and in place thereof, a faire house
builded.
There was furthermore, a faire Chapel of the holy Ghost in Pauls church, on the North side: founded in the yeare, 1400.
by Roger Holmes, Chauncelor and Prebendary of Pauls, for Adam Bery Alderman, Iohn Wingham
and others, for seuen Chaplains, and called Holmes Colledge.
pressed
rious name of Iesu Christ our Sauiour, in a place called ye crowdes of the Cathedrall church of Paules in London, which hath continu
ed long time peaceably, till now of late: whereupon they haue made request, and we haue taken vpon vs the name and charge of the foundation, to the laude of Almightie God, the Father, the Sonne and the holy Ghost, and especially to the honour of Iesu, in whose honour, the fraternitie was begun, &c.
Holmes Col
ledge.
Their common Hall was in Pauls
church yard on the South side. This Colledge also was with others supledge.
pressed
pressed
266
in
the raigne of Edward the
sixt. Then vnder the Quire of Paules is
a large chapel, first dedicated to the name of Iesu, founded the 37. of Henry the
sixt, as appeareth by his patent thereof, dated at Crodowne to
this effect. Many liege men, and Christian people hauing begun a fraternitie, and
guild, to the honour of the most glorious name of Iesu Christ our Sauiour, in a place called ye crowdes of the Cathedrall church of Paules in London, which hath continu
ed long time peaceably, till now of late: whereupon they haue made request, and we haue taken vpon vs the name and charge of the foundation, to the laude of Almightie God, the Father, the Sonne and the holy Ghost, and especially to the honour of Iesu, in whose honour, the fraternitie was begun, &c.
The King ordained William Say then Deane of Pauls to bee the Rector, and Richard Ford, (a remembrancer in
the Exchequer) and Henry Bennis (clarke of his priuie Seale) the Gardians
of these brothers and sisters: they and theyr successors to haue a com
mon seale: license to purchase lands or tenements to the value of 40 pound by the yeare, &c.
mon seale: license to purchase lands or tenements to the value of 40 pound by the yeare, &c.
This foundation was confirmed by Henry the seuenth, the two and twentie of his
reigne, to Doctor Collet, then Deane of Powles, Rector there, &c. And by Henry the eight, the seuen and twentieth of his
raigne, to Richard Pace, then Deane of Pauls, &c.
At the West ende of this Iesus chapell, vnder the
Quire of Pauls, also was a Parish church of Saint Fayth,
led Saint Faith vnder Pauls, which serued for the Stacioners and others, dwelling in Pauls church yard, Pater Noster Rowe, and the places neare adioyning. The said chapell of Iesus being sup
pressed in the raigne of Edward the sixt: the Parishioners of Saint Fayths church were remooued into the same Iesus chapell, as to a place more sufficient for largenesse and lightsomenesse, then their former church was, and so it still remaineth to that vse.
Parish Church of Saint
Faith.
commonly called Saint Faith vnder Pauls, which serued for the Stacioners and others, dwelling in Pauls church yard, Pater Noster Rowe, and the places neare adioyning. The said chapell of Iesus being sup
pressed in the raigne of Edward the sixt: the Parishioners of Saint Fayths church were remooued into the same Iesus chapell, as to a place more sufficient for largenesse and lightsomenesse, then their former church was, and so it still remaineth to that vse.
Then was there on the North side of this church yarde, a Charnell house for the boanes
of the dead, and ouer it a chapell of an olde foundation, such as followeth. In
the yeare one thousand two hundred eightie two, the tenth of Edward the
first, it was a
greed,
signe to God, and to the church of Saint Paul, ten markes of rent by the yeare for euer, towards the new building of a chapell of the blessed Uirgin Mary, and also to assigne fiue markes of yearly rent to a Chaplaine to celebrate there.
greed,
greed
268
111
that
Henry Walles Mayor, and the citizens, for cause of shops by them
builded, without the wal of the churh yard, should assigne to God, and to the church of Saint Paul, ten markes of rent by the yeare for euer, towards the new building of a chapell of the blessed Uirgin Mary, and also to assigne fiue markes of yearly rent to a Chaplaine to celebrate there.
Moreouer in the yeare 1430. the eight of Henry the sixt, license was graunted to Iankin
Carpenter, (executor to Richard Whittington) to establish vpon
the said Charnell, a Chaplaine, to haue eight markes by the yeare: Then was also
in this chapel, two brotherhoods. In this chapell were buried Robert
Barton, and Henry Barton Maior, and Thomas Mirfin Maior,
all Skin
ners, and were entombed with their Images of Alablaster ouer them, grated about with Iron: all which, was pulled downe in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fortie nine, the bones of the dead, couched vp in a Charnill (by report of him who paid for the cariage) were conueied from thence into Finsbery fielde, amounting to more then one thousand cart loades, and there laid on a moorish ground,
ners, and were entombed with their Images of Alablaster ouer them, grated about with Iron: all which, was pulled downe in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fortie nine, the bones of the dead, couched vp in a Charnill (by report of him who paid for the cariage) were conueied from thence into Finsbery fielde, amounting to more then one thousand cart loades, and there laid on a moorish ground,
Reign-Wolfe.
in short space
after raysed (by soylage of the citie) to heare thrée winde-milles.
The chapell and Charnill were conuerted into dwelling hou
ses, ware houses, and sheads for Stacioners, builded before it, in place of the Tombes. In the East part of this church yard, standeth Powles schoole, lately builded and endowed in the yeare 1512. by Iohn Collet Doctor of Diuinitie, and Deane of Powles, for 153. poore mens children, to be taught frée in the same scoole, for which hée appointed a Maister, a Surmaister, or Usher, and a Chaplaine, with large stipends for euer, committing the case and ouersight thereof, to the Maister, Wardens, and Assistants of the Mearcers in London, because he was borne in London, and was sonne to Henry Collet, Mearcer, sometime Maior. He left to these Mearcers, landes, to the yearelie value of one hundred and twentie pound or better. Neare vnto this schoole on the North side thereof, was of old time a great and high Clochier
uered with Lead, with the image of Saint Paul on the top, but was pulled downe by sir Miles Partredge knight, in the raigne of Henry the eight.
ses, ware houses, and sheads for Stacioners, builded before it, in place of the Tombes. In the East part of this church yard, standeth Powles schoole, lately builded and endowed in the yeare 1512. by Iohn Collet Doctor of Diuinitie, and Deane of Powles, for 153. poore mens children, to be taught frée in the same scoole, for which hée appointed a Maister, a Surmaister, or Usher, and a Chaplaine, with large stipends for euer, committing the case and ouersight thereof, to the Maister, Wardens, and Assistants of the Mearcers in London, because he was borne in London, and was sonne to Henry Collet, Mearcer, sometime Maior. He left to these Mearcers, landes, to the yearelie value of one hundred and twentie pound or better. Neare vnto this schoole on the North side thereof, was of old time a great and high Clochier
Clochiard in Powles church yard.
(or Bel-house) foure
square, builded of Stone, and in the same a most strong frame of Timber, with
foure Belles, the greatest that I haue heard off: these were called Iesus Belles,
and belonged to Iesus Chapell, but I
know
268
know
not by whose gift: the same had a great speare of timber, couered with Lead, with the image of Saint Paul on the top, but was pulled downe by sir Miles Partredge knight, in the raigne of Henry the eight.
The common spéech then was, that he did set an hundred poūd vpon a cast at dice
against it, and so wonne the saide Clocheard and belles of the King: and then
causing the belles to be broken as they hoong, the rest was pulled downe and
broken also. This man was afterward executed on the Tower
hill, for matters concerning the Duke of Summerset, in the yeare
1551. the fift of Edward the sixt.
In place of this Clochearde, of olde times, the common Bell of the citie
quitie whereof, is to me vnknowne: but I reade, that in the yeare 1259. King Henry the third, commanded a generall assembly to be made at this Crosse, where he in proper person commaunded the Mayor, that on the next day following, he should cause to bee sworne before the Aldermen, euery stripling of twelue yeares of age, or vpward, to bee true to the King and his heires, Kings of Eng
land.
Common bell of the Citie.
was vsed to be
roong for the assembly of the citizens, to their Folke motes as I haue before
shewed. About the middest of this church yard, is a Pulpit
Crosse of timber, mounted vpon steppes of
stone, and couered with Leade. In which, are sermons preached by learned Diuines
euery Sunday in the forenoone. The very antiquitie whereof, is to me vnknowne: but I reade, that in the yeare 1259. King Henry the third, commanded a generall assembly to be made at this Crosse, where he in proper person commaunded the Mayor, that on the next day following, he should cause to bee sworne before the Aldermen, euery stripling of twelue yeares of age, or vpward, to bee true to the King and his heires, Kings of Eng
land.
Also in the yeare 1262. the same King caused to bee read at Pauls Crosse, a Bull obtained from Pope
Vrban the fourth, as an absolution for him, and for all that were
sworne to maintaine the Ar
ticles made in Parliament at Oxford. Also in the yeare 1299. the Deane of Pauls, accursed at Pauls Crosse, all those which had searched in the church of Saint Martin in the field, for an hoo112rd of Gold, &c.
ticles made in Parliament at Oxford. Also in the yeare 1299. the Deane of Pauls, accursed at Pauls Crosse, all those which had searched in the church of Saint Martin in the field, for an hoo112rd of Gold, &c.
Thomas Kemp Bishop of London, new builded this Pulpit and
Crosse, in forme as it now standeth. In the yeare 1561. the fourth of
Iune, betwixt the houre of thrée and foure of the Clocke in afternoone, the
great speare of the stéeple of Saint Pauls
church,
chance, the Quéenes Maiestie directed her letters to the Maior, willing him to take order for spéedie repairing of the same.
ly, giue and deliuer in gold 1000. markes, with a warrant for 1000. loades of timber, to be taken out of her woods, or elsewhere.
Pauls
steeple and Church brent.
was fiered by lightening, which brake
fourth (as it séemed) two or thrée yardes beneathe the foote of the Crosse, and
from thence it brent
downe
269
downeward the speare to the battlements, stone worke and bels, so furiously, that
within the space of foure houres, the same stéeple with all the Roofes of the
church, were consumed, to the great sorow and perpetuall remembrance of all the
beholders. After this mischance, the Quéenes Maiestie directed her letters to the Maior, willing him to take order for spéedie repairing of the same.
Spéedie repai
ring of Paules Church.
And she of her Gracious disposition, for the
furtherance thereof, did presentring of Paules Church.
ly, giue and deliuer in gold 1000. markes, with a warrant for 1000. loades of timber, to be taken out of her woods, or elsewhere.
The citizens also gaue first a great benenolence,
don Dioces, graunted the thirtieth part of all that paide first fruites, and the twentieth part of such as hadde payde theyr fruites.
Beneuolence.
and after that thrée fiftéenes to be spéedilie paide.
The Queenes gift.
The Cleargie of
England, likewise within the Prouince of
Canterburie, graunted the fourth part of the value of their benefices,
charged with first fruites, the thirtieth part of such as were not so charged, but
the Cleargie of London Dioces, graunted the thirtieth part of all that paide first fruites, and the twentieth part of such as hadde payde theyr fruites.
Six citizens of London, and two Pettie Canons
of Powles church, hadde charge to further and
ouersée the woorke, wherein such expedition was vsed, that within one moneth next
following the burning thereof, the church was couered with boordes and lead, in
manner of a false Roofe against the weather, and before the ende of the said
yeare, all the said Iles of the church were framed out of new timber, couered with
leade, and fully finished. The same yeare also, the great Roofes of the West and
East endes were framed out of great timber in Yorkeshiere, brought thence
to London by sea, and set vp, and couered with leade. But concerning the
stéeple, litle was done, through whose default God knoweth: it was said, that the
mo
ney appointed for newe building of the stéeple, was collected, and brought to the hands of Edmond Grindall then Bishop of Lon
don. The monuments in this church
ter.
ney appointed for newe building of the stéeple, was collected, and brought to the hands of Edmond Grindall then Bishop of Lon
don. The monuments in this church
Monuments in Powles church.
be these. First as I reade, of
Erkenwalde Bishop of London, buried in the olde church, about
the yeare of Christ, seuen hundred, whose body was translated into the
newe worke, in the yeare one thousand one hundred & fortie, being richly
shrined, aboue the Quire behinde the high Alter.
Sebba or Seba King of the East Saxons, first buried in the old
man Bishop of London, in the reignes of Edward the Confessor, and of William the Conqueror, deceased, one thousand and seuenty, and is now buried in the West Ile, with an Epitaph, as in another place I haue shewed. Eustauchius de Fanconbridge Bishop of London 1228. buried in the South Ile, aboue the Quire. Roger Nigar Bishop of London 1241. buried on the North side the Quire. Fulco Basset Bishop of London 1259. Henry Wingham B. 1262. Henry Lacye, Earle of Lincolne, in the new worke of Powles, betwixt our Lady chapel, and S. Dunstons chapell, where a faire monument was raised for him, with his pic
ture in armour, crosse legged, as one professed for defence of the ho
ly land, against the infidels. His monument is foulely defaced.
of he was founder.
Church,
270
Church, and after that, remooued into the new, and laid in a coffin of stone, on
the North side, without the Quire. Etheldred King of the West Saxons, was
likewise buried and remooued. William Norman Bishop of London, in the reignes of Edward the Confessor, and of William the Conqueror, deceased, one thousand and seuenty, and is now buried in the West Ile, with an Epitaph, as in another place I haue shewed. Eustauchius de Fanconbridge Bishop of London 1228. buried in the South Ile, aboue the Quire. Roger Nigar Bishop of London 1241. buried on the North side the Quire. Fulco Basset Bishop of London 1259. Henry Wingham B. 1262. Henry Lacye, Earle of Lincolne, in the new worke of Powles, betwixt our Lady chapel, and S. Dunstons chapell, where a faire monument was raised for him, with his pic
ture in armour, crosse legged, as one professed for defence of the ho
ly land, against the infidels. His monument is foulely defaced.
The cause of monuments of the dead
cross-legged.
Raphe Baldoke B. of London
1313. in our Lady chapell, whereof he was founder.
Some haue noted, that in digging the foundation of this newe woorke of Powles, there were founde more then an hun
dred scalpes of Oxen,
Send information, and that there was daily sacri
fice of beasts.
dred scalpes of Oxen,
Scalpes of ox
en found in diging of a foundation.
or Kine, which thing (say they) confirmeth
greatly the opinion of those which haue reported, that of olde time there had bene
a Temple of IupiterMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.en found in diging of a foundation.
Send information, and that there was daily sacri
fice of beasts.
Othersome, both wise and learned, haue thought the Bucks head, boorne before the
procession of Paules, on Saint
Paules day, to signifie the like. But true it is, that I haue read an
auncient déede to this effect.
Sir William Baud knight, the third of Edward the first,
in the yeare 1274. on Candlemas day113,
grautned to Haruy de Borham, Deane of Powles, and to the chapter there, that in consideration of twentie two
Akers of ground or land, by them granted within their manor of Westley in
Essex, to be inclosed into his park of Curing
ham, he would for euer vpon the feast day of the conuersion of Saint Paul in winter, giue vnto them a good Doe, seasonable and swéete, and vpon the feast of the commemoration of Saint Paul in summer, a good Bucke, and offer the same at the high Alter, the same to bee
thers.
ham, he would for euer vpon the feast day of the conuersion of Saint Paul in winter, giue vnto them a good Doe, seasonable and swéete, and vpon the feast of the commemoration of Saint Paul in summer, a good Bucke, and offer the same at the high Alter, the same to bee
spent
271
spent
amongst the Canons residents: the Doe to bee brought by one man at the houre of
Procession, and through the Procession to the high Alter: and the bringer to haue
nothing: the Bucke to be brought by all his meyney in like manner, and they to
haue payd vnto them by the Chamberlaine of the church, 12. pence onely, and no
more to be required. This graunt he made, and for performance, bound the lands of
him and his heires to bee distrained on: and if the landes shoulde bee euicted,
that yet hee and his heires shoulde accomplishe the gift. Witnesses Richard
Tilbery, William de Vockendon, Richard de Harlowe, Knights, Peter
of Stanforde, Thomas of Waldon, and some others.
Syr Walter Baude Knight, son114ne to William,
confir
med this gift, in the thirtieth of the said King, and the witnesses thereunto, were Nicholas de Wokendon, Richard de Rokeley, Thomas de Mandeuile, Iohn de Rocheford, Knights, Richard de Broniforde; William de Markes, William de Fulham, and other. Thus much for the grant.
med this gift, in the thirtieth of the said King, and the witnesses thereunto, were Nicholas de Wokendon, Richard de Rokeley, Thomas de Mandeuile, Iohn de Rocheford, Knights, Richard de Broniforde; William de Markes, William de Fulham, and other. Thus much for the grant.
Now what I haue heard by report, and haue partly séene, it followeth. On the feast
day of the Cōmemoration of Saint Paul, the bucke beeing brought vp to
the steps of the high Alter in Powles church, at the
houre of Procession, the Deane and chapter being apparelled in Coapes and
Uestments, with garlands of Roses on their heads, they sent the body of the Bucke
to baking, and had the head fixed on a powle, boorne before the Crosse in in their
procession, vntill they issued out of the West doore, where the kéeper that
brought it, blowed the death of the Bucke, and then the Horners that were about
the Cittie, presentlie aunswered him in like manner: for the which paines, they
had each one, of the Deane and Chapter, foure pence in money, and their dinner:
and the kéeper that brought it, was allowed during his aboade there, for that
seruice, meate, drinke and lodging, at the Deane and Chapters charges, and fiue
shillings in money at his going away, togither with a loafe of bread, hauing the
picture of Saint Paule vppon it, &c.
There
272
There
was belonging to the church of Saint Paul
for both the dayes, two speciall sutes of Uestments, the one imbrodered with
Buckes, the other with Does, both giuen by the said Bandes (as I haue
heard.) Thus much for ye matter. Now to the residue of the monuments, Henry Gylford, L. Marshall, was buried in the Postles chapellMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information 1313. Richard Newport Bishop 1318. Sir Iohn Bew
camp, Constable of Douer, Wardon of the Portes, Knight of the Garter: sonne to Gwye Bewcampe, Earle of Warwicke, and brother to Thomas, Earle of Warwicke, in the body of the church on the South side 1358. where a faire monument remaineth of him: he is by ignorant people misnamed, to be Humphrey Duke of Gloster, who lyeth honourably buried at Saint Albons, twentie miles from London: and therefore such as merily professe them
selues to serue Duke Humphrey in Powles, are to bee punished here, and sent to Saint Albons, there to be punished againe, for theyr absence from theyr Maister, as they call him.
Sir Raphe de Hingham, chéefe Iustice of both Benches, successiuely buried
in the side of the North walke, against the Quire, 1308. Sir Iohn
Putteney Draper Mayor, 1348. in a faire chapell by him builded, on the
North side of Powles, wherin he foū
ded 3. chaplains.
ded 3. chaplains.
Richard de Plesseys in the North walke before Saint Geor
ges chapell, 1361. Sir Symon Burley, Constable of Douer, and Chamberlaine to Richard the second, knight of the Garter behea
ded, lyeth buried in the North walke against the Quire. Adam de Bery Mayor, in the yeare 1364. buried in a Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalen: or of the holy Ghost, called Holmes Col
ledge.
ges chapell, 1361. Sir Symon Burley, Constable of Douer, and Chamberlaine to Richard the second, knight of the Garter behea
ded, lyeth buried in the North walke against the Quire. Adam de Bery Mayor, in the yeare 1364. buried in a Chapel of Saint Mary Magdalen: or of the holy Ghost, called Holmes Col
ledge.
Roger Holmes Chauncelor and Prebend of Powles, was buried there 1400.
Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster
1399. buried on the North side the Quire, by Blanch his first
wife, who deceased in the yeare 1368. The Dutchesse of Bedforde, sister
to Philip Duke of Burgonie, one thousand foure hundred
thirtie thrée. Robert Fitz Hewe, Bishop of London, in
the quire, one thousand foure hundred thirtie fiue.
Thomas Kempe Bishop of London, in a proper chapell of the
Trinitie, by him founded in the body of the
shop of London lyeth hard beneath the North-west Piller of Pauls steeple, vnder a faire tombe, and a chapell of timber with staires, mounting thereunto ouer his tombe,1521. his chapell was burned by fier, falling from the stéeple. Iohn Stokesly Bishop of London in our Lady chapell 1539. Iohn Neuel, Lord Latimere, in a chapell by the North doore of Powles, about the yeare, 1542. Sir Iohn Mason knight, in the North walke against the quire, 1566. Willi
am Herbert Earle of Pembrooke, knight of the Garter, on the North side the quire, 1569. Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord kéeper of the great Seale, on the South side of the Quire, 1578. Sir Philip Sidney aboue the Quire, on the North side the Quire, 1586. Sir Francis Walsingham knight, principall Secretarie, and chauncelor of the Duchie of Lancaster 1590. Sir Christopher Hatton Lord Chancelor of England, knight of the Garter, aboue the Quire, 1591 vnder a most sumptuous monument, whereof a mery Poet writ thus.
church
263
Church on the North side, 1489. Iohn Collet Deane of Powles on the South side without the quire, 1519.
Richard Fitz Iames, Bishop of London lyeth hard beneath the North-west Piller of Pauls steeple, vnder a faire tombe, and a chapell of timber with staires, mounting thereunto ouer his tombe,1521. his chapell was burned by fier, falling from the stéeple. Iohn Stokesly Bishop of London in our Lady chapell 1539. Iohn Neuel, Lord Latimere, in a chapell by the North doore of Powles, about the yeare, 1542. Sir Iohn Mason knight, in the North walke against the quire, 1566. Willi
am Herbert Earle of Pembrooke, knight of the Garter, on the North side the quire, 1569. Sir Nicholas Bacon, Lord kéeper of the great Seale, on the South side of the Quire, 1578. Sir Philip Sidney aboue the Quire, on the North side the Quire, 1586. Sir Francis Walsingham knight, principall Secretarie, and chauncelor of the Duchie of Lancaster 1590. Sir Christopher Hatton Lord Chancelor of England, knight of the Garter, aboue the Quire, 1591 vnder a most sumptuous monument, whereof a mery Poet writ thus.
For great Christopher takes all the roome.
Iohn Elmare Bishop of London, before S. Georges chapell,
1594. The Lady Heneage, and her husband sir Thomas
Heneage Chauncelor of the Dutchie, 1595. Richard
Fletcher Bishop of London, 1596. These as the
chéefe haue I noted, and so an end for Pauls
church.
Without the North gate of Powles church, from the
ende of the olde Exchange, West vppe Pater Noster Rowe,
by
the two lanes out of Pauls church, the
first out of the crosse Ile of Pauls, the
other out of the body of the church, about the middest thereof, and so West to the
golden LyonMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, be all of this Warde, as is aforesaid: The houses in this stréete, from the first North gate of Pauls church
yard, vnto the next gate, was first builded without the wall of the churchyard, by Henry Walles Mayor, in the yeare 1282. The rents of those houses go to the maintenance of London bridge. This sreete is now called Pater Noster Rowe, because of Stacioners or Text writers that dwelled there, who wrote and solde all sorts of
Send information, be all of this Warde, as is aforesaid: The houses in this stréete, from the first North gate of Pauls church
yard, vnto the next gate, was first builded without the wall of the churchyard, by Henry Walles Mayor, in the yeare 1282. The rents of those houses go to the maintenance of London bridge. This sreete is now called Pater Noster Rowe, because of Stacioners or Text writers that dwelled there, who wrote and solde all sorts of
bookes,
T
274
bookes then in vse, namely, A. B. C. Or Abstes with the Pater Noster,
Aue, Creede, Graces, &c.
There dwelled also turners of Beades, and they were called Pater Noster
makers:
ry Lane, so called vpon the like occasion of text writers, and Beade makers, then dwelling there: and at the ende of that Lane is like
wise Creede Lane, late so called (but sometime Spurrier Rowe, of Spurriers dwelling there) and Amen Lane, is added thereunto, be
twixt the South end of Warwicke Lane, and the North end of Aue Mary Lane: at the North end of Aue Mary lane, is one great house builded of stone and timber, of olde time pertaining to Iohn Duke of Britaine, Earle of Richmond, as appeareth by the Records of Edw. the second: since that it is called Pembrookes Inne, neare vnto Lud
gate, as belonging to the Earles of Pembrooke in the times of Ric. the 2. the 18. yeare: and of Henry the sixt, in the 14. yeare. It is now called Burgaueny house, and belonged to Henry, late Lorde of Burgaueny. Betwixt the South end of Aue Mary Lane, and the North end of Creede Lane, is the comming out of Powles church yard, on the East, and the high stréete on the West, towards Lud
gate, and this is called Bowier Rowe, of bowiers dwelling there in olde time, now worne out by Mearcers and others. In this stréete on the North side, is the Parish church of S. Martin, a proper church, and lately new builded: for in the yeare 1437. Iohn Michæl Ma
ior and the communaltie, granted to William Downe parson of S. Martins at Ludgate,
liam Tauerner Gentleman 1466, Iohn Barton Esquire, 1439. Stephen Pecocke Mayor 1533. Sir Roger Cholemly, some say William Seuen-Oake Mayor, &c.
Pater Noster
makers.
as I read in a Record of one Robert
Nikke Pater Noster maker, and Citizen, in the raign of Henry the
fourth, and so of other. At the end of this Pater Noster Rowe, is Aue Mary Lane, so called vpon the like occasion of text writers, and Beade makers, then dwelling there: and at the ende of that Lane is like
wise Creede Lane, late so called (but sometime Spurrier Rowe, of Spurriers dwelling there) and Amen Lane, is added thereunto, be
twixt the South end of Warwicke Lane, and the North end of Aue Mary Lane: at the North end of Aue Mary lane, is one great house builded of stone and timber, of olde time pertaining to Iohn Duke of Britaine, Earle of Richmond, as appeareth by the Records of Edw. the second: since that it is called Pembrookes Inne, neare vnto Lud
gate, as belonging to the Earles of Pembrooke in the times of Ric. the 2. the 18. yeare: and of Henry the sixt, in the 14. yeare. It is now called Burgaueny house, and belonged to Henry, late Lorde of Burgaueny. Betwixt the South end of Aue Mary Lane, and the North end of Creede Lane, is the comming out of Powles church yard, on the East, and the high stréete on the West, towards Lud
gate, and this is called Bowier Rowe, of bowiers dwelling there in olde time, now worne out by Mearcers and others. In this stréete on the North side, is the Parish church of S. Martin, a proper church, and lately new builded: for in the yeare 1437. Iohn Michæl Ma
ior and the communaltie, granted to William Downe parson of S. Martins at Ludgate,
Parish church of S. Martin by
Ludgate.
a parcell of ground, containing in length 28. foote,
and in breadth 24. foote, to set & build their stéeple vpon, &c. The
Monuments here, be of Henry Belwase, and Iohn Gest, 1458.
William Tauerner Gentleman 1466, Iohn Barton Esquire, 1439. Stephen Pecocke Mayor 1533. Sir Roger Cholemly, some say William Seuen-Oake Mayor, &c.
On the South side of this stréete, is the turning into the Black-Fryers,
terbury,
nor his wife, were great benefactors thereunto. This was a large church, and richly furnished with Ornaments: wherein diuers Parliaments and other great méetings hath béene holden: namely in the yeare one thousand foure hundred and fiftie, the twentie eight of Henry the sixt, a Parliament was begun at Westminster, and adiourned to the Blacke-Fryers in London. In the yeare, 1527. the Emperor Charles the fifth, was lodged there. In the yeare 1524. the fiftéenth of Aprill, a Parliament was begun at the Black-Fryers, wherein was demaunded a subsidie of 800000. pound to bee ray
sed of goodes and lands, 4. shillings of euery pound, and in the ende was graunted 2. shillings of the pound, of goods or lands, that were woorth 20. pound, or might dispend 20. pounde by the yeare, and so vpward, to be paid in 2. yeares. This Parliament was adiourned to Westminster, amongst the blacke Monkes, & ended in the Kings Pallace there, the 14. of August, at 9. of the clocke in the night, & was therefore called the blacke Parliament.
full, before whom thè King and Quéen were cited and summoned to appeare, &c. Whereof more at large in other places hath béene tou
ched. The same yeare in the moneth of October, begā a Parliament in the Blacke-Fryers, in the which Cardinall Woolsey was con
demned in the priminerie: this house valued at 104. li. 15. shillings 5. d. was surrendred the twelfth of Nouember, the thirtieth of Henry the eight. There are interred, or buried in this Church, Margaret Quéene of Scots: Hubert de Brugh Earle of Kent, translated from their olde church, by Olde-Boorne: Robert de Attabeto Earle of Bellimon: Dame Izabel wife to Sir Roger Bygot, Earle Marshall: William and Iane Huse, children to Dame Ellis, Countesse of Arundell, and by them lyeth Dame Ellis, daughter to the Earle Warren, and after Countesse of Arundell.
ter to sir Bartholomewe Badlesmere, wife to sir William Bohanne Earle of Northampton. Marsh, the Earles of Marche, and Here
forde, and Elizabeth Countesse of Arondell. Dame Iohan daugh
ter to sir Iohn Ca115rne, first wife to sir Gwide Bryan. Hugh Clare Knight. The heart of Quéene Helianor the foundresse: the heart of Alfence her son, the harts of Iohn and Margaret, childrē to Wil. Valence, sir William Thorpe Iustice, the Lord Lyoth of Yreland: Maude wife to Geffrey Say, daughter to the Earle of Warwicke, Dame Sible, daughter to William Pattehulle, wife to Roger Bew
champe, and by her Sir Richard or Roger Bewchampe, Lord S. A
mand, & Dame Elizabeth his wife, daughter to the Duke of Lanca
ster: Sir Stephen Collington knight, Sir Wi. Peter knight. Sir Io. Tiptoste, Earle of Woorster beheaded 1470. William Paston, and Anne daughter to Edmond of Lancaster, the Lord Beamount, Sir Edmond Cromwell, Baron of Burford, the Lady Neuel wedded to the lord Douglasse, danghter116 to the Duke of Excester, Ri. Scroope Esquire, Dame Katheren Vaux, alias Cobham, Sir Th. Browne, and dame Elizabeth his wife, Iane Powell, Thomas Swinforth, Iohn Mawsley Esquire, 1432. Iohn de la Bere, Nicholas Carre Esquire, Geffrey Spring Esquire: William Clifford Esquire, Sir Thomas Brandon knight of the Garter, 1509. William Stalworth Merchantaylor, 1518. William Courtney Earle of Deuonshire, nominated, but not created, the third of Henry the eight, &c.
The Blacke-Fryers.
which order sometime had
their house in Olde-Boorne, where
they remained for the space of fiftie fiue yeares, and then in the yeare 1276.
Gregory Roksley Mayor, and the Barons of this citie,
Maior and Ba
rons of this Citie.
granted and gaue to Robert Kilwarby Arch-Bishop of
Canrons of this Citie.
terbury,
terbury,
275
two
(Lanes or wayes) next the stréete of Baynards
Castle, and also the Tower of
Mountfichit, to bee destroyed: in place of which, the saide
Robert builded the late new church of the
Blacke-Fryers, and placed them therein. King Edward the first
and Elyanor his wife, were great benefactors thereunto. This was a large church, and richly furnished with Ornaments: wherein diuers Parliaments and other great méetings hath béene holden: namely in the yeare one thousand foure hundred and fiftie, the twentie eight of Henry the sixt, a Parliament was begun at Westminster, and adiourned to the Blacke-Fryers in London. In the yeare, 1527. the Emperor Charles the fifth, was lodged there. In the yeare 1524. the fiftéenth of Aprill, a Parliament was begun at the Black-Fryers, wherein was demaunded a subsidie of 800000. pound to bee ray
sed of goodes and lands, 4. shillings of euery pound, and in the ende was graunted 2. shillings of the pound, of goods or lands, that were woorth 20. pound, or might dispend 20. pounde by the yeare, and so vpward, to be paid in 2. yeares. This Parliament was adiourned to Westminster, amongst the blacke Monkes, & ended in the Kings Pallace there, the 14. of August, at 9. of the clocke in the night, & was therefore called the blacke Parliament.
Parliament at the Blacke-Fryers called the blacke Parliament.
In the yeare 1529. Cardinal Campenis the Legat with
Cardinall Woolsey, sate at ye said Black Fryers, where before them as Legats and Iudges,
was brought in question the Kings marriage with Quéen Kathren as to be
vnlawfull, before whom thè King and Quéen were cited and summoned to appeare, &c. Whereof more at large in other places hath béene tou
ched. The same yeare in the moneth of October, begā a Parliament in the Blacke-Fryers, in the which Cardinall Woolsey was con
demned in the priminerie: this house valued at 104. li. 15. shillings 5. d. was surrendred the twelfth of Nouember, the thirtieth of Henry the eight. There are interred, or buried in this Church, Margaret Quéene of Scots: Hubert de Brugh Earle of Kent, translated from their olde church, by Olde-Boorne: Robert de Attabeto Earle of Bellimon: Dame Izabel wife to Sir Roger Bygot, Earle Marshall: William and Iane Huse, children to Dame Ellis, Countesse of Arundell, and by them lyeth Dame Ellis, daughter to the Earle Warren, and after Countesse of Arundell.
Dame
T2
276
Dame
Ide wife to sir Walter daughter to Ferrers of
Chartley, Richard de Brewes: Dame Iahu, daughter to
Thomas, wife to Syr Gnight. Richard Strange, son to Roger
Strange, Elizabeth daughter to sir Bartholomewe Badlesmere, wife to sir William Bohanne Earle of Northampton. Marsh, the Earles of Marche, and Here
forde, and Elizabeth Countesse of Arondell. Dame Iohan daugh
ter to sir Iohn Ca115rne, first wife to sir Gwide Bryan. Hugh Clare Knight. The heart of Quéene Helianor the foundresse: the heart of Alfence her son, the harts of Iohn and Margaret, childrē to Wil. Valence, sir William Thorpe Iustice, the Lord Lyoth of Yreland: Maude wife to Geffrey Say, daughter to the Earle of Warwicke, Dame Sible, daughter to William Pattehulle, wife to Roger Bew
champe, and by her Sir Richard or Roger Bewchampe, Lord S. A
mand, & Dame Elizabeth his wife, daughter to the Duke of Lanca
ster: Sir Stephen Collington knight, Sir Wi. Peter knight. Sir Io. Tiptoste, Earle of Woorster beheaded 1470. William Paston, and Anne daughter to Edmond of Lancaster, the Lord Beamount, Sir Edmond Cromwell, Baron of Burford, the Lady Neuel wedded to the lord Douglasse, danghter116 to the Duke of Excester, Ri. Scroope Esquire, Dame Katheren Vaux, alias Cobham, Sir Th. Browne, and dame Elizabeth his wife, Iane Powell, Thomas Swinforth, Iohn Mawsley Esquire, 1432. Iohn de la Bere, Nicholas Carre Esquire, Geffrey Spring Esquire: William Clifford Esquire, Sir Thomas Brandon knight of the Garter, 1509. William Stalworth Merchantaylor, 1518. William Courtney Earle of Deuonshire, nominated, but not created, the third of Henry the eight, &c.
There is a Parish of Saint Anne within the
Precinct of the Blacke-Fryers,
which was
pulled downe with the Friers church, by Sir Thomas Cardin, alias Carden:
but in the raigne of Quéene Mary, he being forced to finde a church to
the inhabitants, allowed them a lodging chamber aboue a staire, which since that
time, to wit, the yeare 1597. fell downe, and was againe by collecti
ons therefore made, new builded in the same yeare, and was dedica
ted on the eleuenth of December. Now to turn again out of ye Black Fryers through Bowier Rowe, Aue-mary lane and Pater Noster Rowe, to the church of Saint Michæll ad Bladum, or at the corn, corruptlie at the Querne, so called, because in place thereof, was sometime a corne market, stretching vp West to the Shambles:
ward the third, Thomas Newton first parson there, was buried in the Quire, the yeare 1361. which was the 35. of Edward the third.
munaltie, graunted of the common soyle of the citie, thrée féete and a halfe in breadth on the North part, and foure foote in breadth toward the East, for the enlarging thereof. This is now a proper church, and hath the monuments of Thomas Newton first parson, Roger Woodcocke Hatter, 1475. Thomas Ressell Brewer, 1473. Iohn Hulton Stacioner 1475. Iohn Oxney, Roger North Marchant, Haberdasher, 1509. Henry Pranel Uintener, one of the Sheriffes 1585. William Elkin one of the Sheriffes, 1586. Thomas Banckes, 1598. &c.
ons therefore made, new builded in the same yeare, and was dedica
ted on the eleuenth of December. Now to turn again out of ye Black Fryers through Bowier Rowe, Aue-mary lane and Pater Noster Rowe, to the church of Saint Michæll ad Bladum, or at the corn, corruptlie at the Querne, so called, because in place thereof, was sometime a corne market, stretching vp West to the Shambles:
It
277
It
séemeth that this church was first builded, about the raigne of Edward the third, Thomas Newton first parson there, was buried in the Quire, the yeare 1361. which was the 35. of Edward the third.
Parish church of S. Michæll Ad Bladum.
At the East end of this church
stood a crosse, called the old crosse, in West
cheape,
which was taken downe in the
yeare, 1390. the 13.
of Richard the second: since the which time, the said parish
church was also taken downe, but new builded and inlarged, in the yeare 1430
the eight of Henry the
sixt. William Estefield Mayor, and the communaltie, graunted of the common soyle of the citie, thrée féete and a halfe in breadth on the North part, and foure foote in breadth toward the East, for the enlarging thereof. This is now a proper church, and hath the monuments of Thomas Newton first parson, Roger Woodcocke Hatter, 1475. Thomas Ressell Brewer, 1473. Iohn Hulton Stacioner 1475. Iohn Oxney, Roger North Marchant, Haberdasher, 1509. Henry Pranel Uintener, one of the Sheriffes 1585. William Elkin one of the Sheriffes, 1586. Thomas Banckes, 1598. &c.
At the East end of this church, in place of the olde crosse, is now a water
conduit placed.
W. Estfielde Mayor, the 9.
of Henry the 6. at the request of diuers common councels,
granted it so to bee: wher
vpon in the 19. of the same Henry, one thousand markes was gran
ted by a common councell towards the workes of this conduit, and the reparations of other, this is called the litle conduit in West cheape by Powles gate. At the West ende of this parish church, is a small passage for people on foote, through the same church, and west from the said church, some distance, is an other passage out of Pater Noster Rowe, and is called of such a signe, Panyar Ally, which com
meth out into the North, ouer against S. Martins Lane. Next is Iuie Lane, so called of Iuie growing on the walles of the Prebend almes houses, but now the Lane is replenished on both the sides with faire houses, and diuers offices be there kept, by registers, namely for the prerogatiue court of the Archbishop of Canterburie, the Probate of willes, and for the Lord Treasurers remembrance of the Exchequer, &c.
vpon in the 19. of the same Henry, one thousand markes was gran
ted by a common councell towards the workes of this conduit, and the reparations of other, this is called the litle conduit in West cheape by Powles gate. At the West ende of this parish church, is a small passage for people on foote, through the same church, and west from the said church, some distance, is an other passage out of Pater Noster Rowe, and is called of such a signe, Panyar Ally, which com
meth out into the North, ouer against S. Martins Lane. Next is Iuie Lane, so called of Iuie growing on the walles of the Prebend almes houses, but now the Lane is replenished on both the sides with faire houses, and diuers offices be there kept, by registers, namely for the prerogatiue court of the Archbishop of Canterburie, the Probate of willes, and for the Lord Treasurers remembrance of the Exchequer, &c.
This Lane runneth North to the West ende of S.
Nicholas Shambles. Of olde time was one great house, sometimes
belonging to the Earles of Britaine, since that to the Louels,
and was called
wicke Lane, of an auncient house there builded by an Earle of War
wicke, and was since called Warwicke Inne. It is on record called a Messuage in Eldenese Lane, in the parish of S. Sepulchre, the 28. of Henry the 6. Cicille the Duches to Warwicke, possessed it. Now againe from the Conduit by Powles gate on the North side, is a large stréete, running West to Newgate: the first part whereof, from the Conduit to the Shambles, is (of selling bladders there) cal
led Bladder stréete. Then behinde the Butchers shoppes be now di
uers slaughter houses inward, and Tipling houses outward. This is called Mountgodard Stréete, by all likelihood of the Tipling hou
ses there, and the Goddards or Pots, mounting from the tap to the table, from the table to the mouth, and sometimes ouer the head. Al
so this stréete goeth vp to the North end of Iuie Lane. Before this Mountgodard stréete, stall boords were set vp by the Butchers, to shewe and to sell their flesh meate vpon, ouer the which stalboords, they first builded sheads to kéepe off the weather: but since that, in
croching by litle and litle, they haue made these stall boords & sheads, faire houses, méete for the principall Shambles. Next is Newgate Market, first of corne and meale, and then of other victualls, which stretcheth almost to Eldenese Lane. A faire, new, and strong frame of Timber couered with leade was therefore set vppe at the char
ges to the Citie, neare to the West corner of S. Nicholas shambles, for the meale to be weyed, in the 1. of Ed. the 6. Sir Iohn Gresham being then Maior. On this side the North corner of Eldenese Lane, was sometime a propper parish Church of S. Ewine,
cell 12. Constables 17. Scauingers 18. Wardmote Inquest, 18. and a Bedle. And is taxed to the fiftéene in London, at 54. pound, and in the Exchequer at 53. pound, 6. shillings 8. pence.
Louels
T3
278
Faringdon Warde within.
Louels Inne: for
Mathild, wife to Iohn Louell, held it in the first of Henry the
6. Then is Eldenese Lane,
which stretcheth North to the
high stréete of Newgate Market, the same is now
called Warwicke Lane, of an auncient house there builded by an Earle of War
wicke, and was since called Warwicke Inne. It is on record called a Messuage in Eldenese Lane, in the parish of S. Sepulchre, the 28. of Henry the 6. Cicille the Duches to Warwicke, possessed it. Now againe from the Conduit by Powles gate on the North side, is a large stréete, running West to Newgate: the first part whereof, from the Conduit to the Shambles, is (of selling bladders there) cal
led Bladder stréete. Then behinde the Butchers shoppes be now di
uers slaughter houses inward, and Tipling houses outward. This is called Mountgodard Stréete, by all likelihood of the Tipling hou
ses there, and the Goddards or Pots, mounting from the tap to the table, from the table to the mouth, and sometimes ouer the head. Al
so this stréete goeth vp to the North end of Iuie Lane. Before this Mountgodard stréete, stall boords were set vp by the Butchers, to shewe and to sell their flesh meate vpon, ouer the which stalboords, they first builded sheads to kéepe off the weather: but since that, in
croching by litle and litle, they haue made these stall boords & sheads, faire houses, méete for the principall Shambles. Next is Newgate Market, first of corne and meale, and then of other victualls, which stretcheth almost to Eldenese Lane. A faire, new, and strong frame of Timber couered with leade was therefore set vppe at the char
ges to the Citie, neare to the West corner of S. Nicholas shambles, for the meale to be weyed, in the 1. of Ed. the 6. Sir Iohn Gresham being then Maior. On this side the North corner of Eldenese Lane, was sometime a propper parish Church of S. Ewine,
Parish Church of S.
Ewin.
(as is before said) was giuen by Henry the 8.
towards the erecting of Christes Church: it was
taken downe, and in place thereof, a faire strong frame of timber was erected,
wherein dwell men of diuers Trades. And from this frame to Newgate, is all of this Warde, and so an ende thereof. It hath an
Alderman, his Deputie, Common Councell 12. Constables 17. Scauingers 18. Wardmote Inquest, 18. and a Bedle. And is taxed to the fiftéene in London, at 54. pound, and in the Exchequer at 53. pound, 6. shillings 8. pence.
279
BRedstréete Ward beginneth in the
high stréete of West Cheape, to wit, on the South
side, from the Standard, to the great Crosse. Then is also a part of Watheling stréet of this ward, to wit, from ouer
against the Red Lyon on the North side vp almost to
Powles gate, for it lacketh but one house of S. Augustins Church. And on the South side,
from ye Red Lyon gate to the Old Exchaunge, and down the same Exchaunge on the East
side, by the West end of Mayden Lane, or Distar Lane, to Knight
rydars stréete, or as they call that part thereof, Old Fishstréete. And all the North side of the said Old Fishstréete, to the South ende of Bredstréete, and by that still in Knightridars stréete, till ouer against the Trinitie Church, and Trinitie Lane. Then is Bredstréet
ging to the said Company.
rydars stréete, or as they call that part thereof, Old Fishstréete. And all the North side of the said Old Fishstréete, to the South ende of Bredstréete, and by that still in Knightridars stréete, till ouer against the Trinitie Church, and Trinitie Lane. Then is Bredstréet
Bredstreete.
it selfe so called of bread in old time
there sold: for it appeareth by records, that in the yeare 1302.
which was the 30. of Ed. the
1. The Bakers of London were bounden to sell no bread in their
shops or houses, but in the Market, and that they should haue 4. Hall motes in the
yeare, at foure seuerall termes, to determine of enormities belonging to the said Company.
This stréete giuing the name to the whole Warde, beginneth in West Cheape, almost by the
Standard, and runneth downe South, through or thwart Watheling stréete, to Knightridars stréet aforesaid, where it endeth. This Bredstréete is wholly on both sides of this Warde. Out
of the which stréete on the East side, is Basing
Lane, a péece whereof, to wit, too and and ouer against the backe gate of
the Red Lyon in Watheling
stréete, is of this Bredstréete Warde.
Then is there one other stréete, which is called Friday
stréete,
and beginneth also in West
Cheape, and runneth downe South through Watheling
stréete, to Knightrider stréete (or Old Fishstréet) This Friday
stréete is of Bredstréete Warde, on the
East side from ouer against the Northeast corner of saint
Mathewes Church, and on the West side from the South corner
of the said Church, downe as aforesaid.
In
T4
280
In this
Fryday stréete on the West side thereof, is a
Lane, commonly called Mayden Lane, or Distaffe Lane, corruptly for Distar Lane, which runneth West into the olde Exchange: and in this lane is also one other Lane, on the South side thereof, likewise called Di
star Lane, which runneth downe to Knightriders Stréete, or olde Fishstréete: and so be the boundes of this whole Warde. The Mo
numents to bee noted here, are first, the most bewtifull frame and front of faire houses and shops, that be within all the walles of Lon
don, or elsewhere in England, commonly called Godsmithes rowe, betwixt Breadstréet end, and the Crosse in Cheape, but is within this Breadstréete Warde: the same was builded by Thomas Wood Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, in the yeare 1491. It continueth in number, tenne faire dwelling houses, and fouretéene shops, all in one frame vniformely builded, foure stories high, bewtified towards the stréete, with the Goldsmithes Armes, and the likenesse of wood
men (in memorie of his name) riding on monstrous beasts, all which is cast in Leade, richly painted ouer, and guilt: these hee gaue to the Goldsmithes, with stockes of money to be lent to young men, ha
uing those shops &c.
This said Front was againe new painted and guilt ouer, in the yeare 1594.
Sir Richard Martin being then Maior, and kéeping his Maioraltie in one of
them, and seruing out the time of Cutbert Buckle in that office, from the second of Iulie, til
the 28. of October. Then for Watheling
Stréete,
which Leyland calleth Atheling or Noble
stréet: but since he sheweth no reason why it was so called, I rather take
it so named of the great high way of the same calling. True it is, that at this
present as of olde time also, the inhabitants thereof were and are, wealthy
Drapers, retailors of woollen cloathes both broad and narrowe, of all sortes, more
then in any one stréete of this Citie. Of the olde
Exchange, heere I haue noted in Faring
don Warde: wherfore I passe downe to Knightriders stréet,
of I haue also spoken in Cordwainer stréete Ward, but in this part of the said Knightriders stréete, is a fishmarket kept, and therefore called olde Fishstréete, for a difference from new Fishstréete.
don Warde: wherfore I passe downe to Knightriders stréet,
Knightriders Streete.
wherof I haue also spoken in Cordwainer stréete Ward, but in this part of the said Knightriders stréete, is a fishmarket kept, and therefore called olde Fishstréete, for a difference from new Fishstréete.
In this olde Fishstréete,
led of bread solde there (as I sayd) is now wholely inhabited by rich Marchants, and diuers faire Innes be there for good receipt of car
riers, and other trauellers to the citie. On the East side of this stréet, at the corner of Watheling Stréete, is the proper church of Alhal
lowes in Bred street, wherin are the monuments of Iames Thame Goldsmith, Iohn Walpole Goldsmith 1349. Thomas Bea
mount Alderman, one of ye Sheriffes, 1442. Sir Richard Chaury Salter Maior, 1509. Sir Thomas Pargitar Salter Maior, 1530. Henry Sucley Marchantailor, one of the Sheriffes 1541. Richard Reade Alderman, that serued & was taken prisoner in Scotland, 1545 Robert House one of the Sheriffes, 1586. William Albany : Richard May117, and Roger Abde Marchantaylors. The stéeple of this church had sometime a faire spéere of stone, but taken downe vpon this oc
casion. In the yeare 1559. the fifth of September, about noone or mid
day, fell a great tempest at London, in the ende whereof, happened a great lightening, with a terrible clap of thunder, which strooke the said speere about nine or tenne foote beneath the top thereof:
dified.
Fishmarket called olde
Fishstreete.
is one rowe of small houses, placed along in the
middest of Knightriders stréete, which rowe is also
of Bredstréete Warde, these houses now possessed of
Fishmoongers, were at the
first
281
first but
mooueable boordes (or stables) sette out on market dayes, to shewe their fish
there to be sold: but procuring license to set vp sheads, they grewe to shops, and
by litle and litle, to tall houses, of thrée or 4. stories in heigth, and now are
called Fishstréete. Bredestréet,
so called of bread solde there (as I sayd) is now wholely inhabited by rich Marchants, and diuers faire Innes be there for good receipt of car
riers, and other trauellers to the citie. On the East side of this stréet, at the corner of Watheling Stréete, is the proper church of Alhal
lowes in Bred street, wherin are the monuments of Iames Thame Goldsmith, Iohn Walpole Goldsmith 1349. Thomas Bea
mount Alderman, one of ye Sheriffes, 1442. Sir Richard Chaury Salter Maior, 1509. Sir Thomas Pargitar Salter Maior, 1530. Henry Sucley Marchantailor, one of the Sheriffes 1541. Richard Reade Alderman, that serued & was taken prisoner in Scotland, 1545 Robert House one of the Sheriffes, 1586. William Albany : Richard May117, and Roger Abde Marchantaylors. The stéeple of this church had sometime a faire spéere of stone, but taken downe vpon this oc
casion. In the yeare 1559. the fifth of September, about noone or mid
day, fell a great tempest at London, in the ende whereof, happened a great lightening, with a terrible clap of thunder, which strooke the said speere about nine or tenne foote beneath the top thereof:
Speare of Al
hallowes stee
ple taken downe.
out of the which place fell a stone, that slew a dogge, and ouerthrew a man that
was playing with the dogge: the same speere being but litle damnified hereby, was
shortly after taken downe, for sparing the charges of reparation. On the same side
is Salters Hall,
with sixe almes houses
in number, builded for poore decayed brethren of that company: This Hall was
burned in the yeare 1539. and againe reehallowes stee
ple taken downe.
dified.
Lower downe on the same side, is the parish church of
Saint Mildred
the Uirgine. The monuments in this
Church bee of the Lord Trenchaunt, of Saint Albons knight, who
was supposed to be eyther the new builder of this Church, or best benefactor to
the works therof, about the year 1300. & odde.
Cornish gentleman 1312. William Palmer Blader a great
benefactor also 1356. Iohn Shad
worth Mayor, 1401. who gaue the parsonate house, a reuestry, and Churchyard, in the yeare 1428. and his monument is pulled down.
ger, one of the Sheriffes, in the yeare 1527. Thomas Laugham gaue to the poore of that Parish foure Tenements, 1575. Tho
mas Hall Salter, 1582. Thomas Collins Salter, Alderman. Sir Ambrose Nicholas Salter, Maior, 1575. was buried in Sir Iohn Chadworths Uault.
worth Mayor, 1401. who gaue the parsonate house, a reuestry, and Churchyard, in the yeare 1428. and his monument is pulled down.
Stephen
282
Stephen Bugge Gentleman, his Armes be 3. water bugges, 1419
Roger Forde Uintoner, 1440. Thomas Barnwell Fishmonger, one of
the Sheriffes, 1434. Sir Iohn Hawlen Clarke, Parson of
that Church, who built the Parsonage house newly, after the same had bene burned
to the ground, togither with the Parson and his man also, burned in that
fire,
1485. Iohn Pranell
1510. William Hurstwaight Pewterer to the King, 1526.
Christopher Turner Chirurgian to King Henry the 8. 1530.
Raphe Simonds Fishmonger, one of the Sheriffes, in the yeare 1527. Thomas Laugham gaue to the poore of that Parish foure Tenements, 1575. Tho
mas Hall Salter, 1582. Thomas Collins Salter, Alderman. Sir Ambrose Nicholas Salter, Maior, 1575. was buried in Sir Iohn Chadworths Uault.
Out of this Bredstréet, on the same East side, is a
Basing lane, a part whereof (as is afore shewed)
is of this Warde, but howe it tooke the name I haue not read: other then that in
the 20. yeare of Richard
the second, the same was called the Bakehouse:
ment for the Kings Bakehouse, or of Bakers dwelling there, and baking bread to serue the Market in Bredstréete, where the bread was solde, I knowe not: but sure I am, I haue not reade yet of a
ny Basing, or of Gerrarde the Gyant, to haue any thing there to doo.
Basing Lane called the Bakehouse.
whetherment for the Kings Bakehouse, or of Bakers dwelling there, and baking bread to serue the Market in Bredstréete, where the bread was solde, I knowe not: but sure I am, I haue not reade yet of a
ny Basing, or of Gerrarde the Gyant, to haue any thing there to doo.
On the South side of this Lane, is one great house, of old time builded vpon
Arched Uaultes, of stone, and with Arched Gates, now a common Ostrey for receit of
Trauellers, commonly and corruptly called Gerardes
Hall, of a Gyaunt saide to haue dwel
led there.
ner of the Hall, and the Ladder hanged broken vp on a Wall in the yarde. The Hostelar of that house saide to me, the Pole lacked halfe a foote of fortie in length: I measured the compasse,
swere séemed to me insufficient, for hée meant the description of Brittaine, before Reinwoolfes Chronicle, wherein the Authour writing a Chapter of Gyaunts, and hauing béene deceiued by some Authours, too much crediting their smoothe spéeche, hath set downe more matter then troth, as partly (and also against my will) I am enforced to touch. R. G.119
to is added in the saide discription, that by coniecturall simetrie of those partes, the bodie to be twentie eight foote long or more. From this hee goeth to an other matter, and so to Gerard the Gyant and his staffe. But to leaue these fictions and to return where I left, I will note what my selfe haue obserued concerning that house.
led there.
A Pole of 40. foote long, and
11185.
inches about, fabuled to be the iu
sting staffe of Gerarde a Gi
ant.
In the
high Rooffed Hall of this house, sometime stood a large Firre Pole, which reached
to the roofe therof, and was said to be one of the staues that Gerarde
the Gyant vsed in the warres, to runne withall. There stoode also a Ladder of the
same length, which (as they say) serued to ascende to the toppe of the Staffe. Of
later yeares this Hall is altered in building, and diuers roomes are made in it.
Notwithstanding the Pole is remoued to one corsting staffe of Gerarde a Gi
ant.
ner of the Hall, and the Ladder hanged broken vp on a Wall in the yarde. The Hostelar of that house saide to me, the Pole lacked halfe a foote of fortie in length: I measured the compasse,
the
283
and founde
it to bee fiftéene inches. Reason of the Pole, coulde the maister of the Hostrey
giue me none, but badde me reade the great Chronicles, for there he had heard of
it. Which aunswere séemed to me insufficient, for hée meant the description of Brittaine, before Reinwoolfes Chronicle, wherein the Authour writing a Chapter of Gyaunts, and hauing béene deceiued by some Authours, too much crediting their smoothe spéeche, hath set downe more matter then troth, as partly (and also against my will) I am enforced to touch. R. G.119
R.G. A stone said to be a toothe, and so by con
iecture, a man to be 28. foote of height.
in this briefe collection of Histories hath these wordes. I the
writer hereof, did sée the tenth day of March, in the yeare of our Lord 1564.
and had the same in my hande, the Toothe of a man, which waighed tenne Ounces of
Troy waight. And the skull of the same man is extant and to be seene,
which will holde fiue Peckes of wheate. And the shinne bone of the same man is
sixe foote in length, and of a maruellous greatnesse. Thus farre of R. G. 120
Wherevniecture, a man to be 28. foote of height.
to is added in the saide discription, that by coniecturall simetrie of those partes, the bodie to be twentie eight foote long or more. From this hee goeth to an other matter, and so to Gerard the Gyant and his staffe. But to leaue these fictions and to return where I left, I will note what my selfe haue obserued concerning that house.
I reade, that Iohn Gisors
sors was one of the Sheriffes, one thousand thrée hundreth twen
tie nine. More, that Iohn Gisors had issue, Henry and Iohn. Which Iohn had issue, Thomas. Which Thomas deceasing in the yeare one thousand thrée hundreth and fiftie, left vnto his sonne Thomas, his Messuage called Gysors Hall, in the Parish of Saint Mildred in Bredstréete: Iohn Gisors121 made a Feofment thereof, one thousand thrée hundreth eightie sixe, &c.
reth that this Gisors Hall of late time by corruption hath bin called Gerards Hall, for Gisors Hall, as Bosomes Inne for Blossoms In.
pole, & Roofe of the Hall. Thus much for Gisors Hal & for ye side of Bredstreet, may suffice. Now on ye West side of Bredstréet, amongst diuers fayre and large houses for merchants, and faire Innes for passengers, had yee one prison house pertaining to the Sheriffes of London, called the compter in Bredstréete: but in the yeare 1555 the prisones were remooued from thence, to one other new Compter
soners
med: wherèupon in the yeare 1550. Sir Rowland Hill beeing Mayor, by the assent of a court of Aldermen, he was sent to the gayle of Newgate, for the cruell handling of his prisoners: and it was cō
maunded to the kéeper of set those irons on his legges, which are called the widows almes: These he ware from Thursday, till Sun
day in the afternoone, and being by a court of Aldermen released, on the Tuesday, was bound in an hundred markes, to obserue from thenceforth an act made by the common councell, for the ordering of prisoners in the Compters: all which notwithstanding, hee continued as afore: whereof my selfe am partly a witnesse: for be
ing of a Iurie to enquire against a Sessions of Gayle deliuerie, in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fiftie two, wee found the pri
soners hardly dealt withall, for theyr achates and otherwise,
broad:
ted, he was indighted at that Session, but did rubbe it out, and could not be reformed, til this remoue of ye prisoners for the house in Bred
streete was his owne by Lease, or otherwise, so that he could not bee put from it. Such Gaylors buying their offices, will deale hardly with pittifull prisoners. Now in Fryday stréete, so called of Fish
moongers dwelling there, and seruing frydayes market, on the East side, is a small parish church, commonly called S. Iohn Euangelist,
moonger, one of the Sheriffes, 1569. Sir Iohn Allet Fishmoonger, Mayor 1591.
Gisors Hall
restored to his old name.
Mayor of London, in the yeare 1245.
was owner thereof, and that Sir Iohn Gisors Knight Mayor of
London, and Constable of the Tower, one
thousand thrée hundreth and eleuen. And diuers others of that name and family
since that time owed it. For I reade that William Gisors was one of the Sheriffes, one thousand thrée hundreth twen
tie nine. More, that Iohn Gisors had issue, Henry and Iohn. Which Iohn had issue, Thomas. Which Thomas deceasing in the yeare one thousand thrée hundreth and fiftie, left vnto his sonne Thomas, his Messuage called Gysors Hall, in the Parish of Saint Mildred in Bredstréete: Iohn Gisors121 made a Feofment thereof, one thousand thrée hundreth eightie sixe, &c.
Gerards Hall ouerthrowne with Gerard the
Giant, and his great spear.
So that it appeareth that this Gisors Hall of late time by corruption hath bin called Gerards Hall, for Gisors Hall, as Bosomes Inne for Blossoms In.
Beuis
284
Beuis Markes, for Buries
Marke. Marke Lane, for Marte Lane: Belliter
Lane, for Belsetters Lane: Gutter Lane, for Guthuruns
Lane: Cry church, for Christes church: S.
Mihell in the Querne, for Saint
Mihell at Corne, and sundrie such others. Out of this Gisors Hall, at the first building thereof, were made
diuers Arched doores, yet to be séene, which séeme not sufficient for any great
monsture, or other then men of common stature to passe through, the Pole in the
Hall might be vsed of olde time (as then the custome was in euery parish) to be
set vp in the streete, in the Summer as a Maypole, before the principall Hall, or
house in the parish, or streete, and to stand in the Hall before the scrine,
decked with Holme & Iuie, all the feast of Christmas.
Euery mans house of olde time was dec
ked with holly and Iuie in the winter, especi
ally at Christ
mas.
The lader serued for decking of the Mayked with holly and Iuie in the winter, especi
ally at Christ
mas.
pole, & Roofe of the Hall. Thus much for Gisors Hal & for ye side of Bredstreet, may suffice. Now on ye West side of Bredstréet, amongst diuers fayre and large houses for merchants, and faire Innes for passengers, had yee one prison house pertaining to the Sheriffes of London, called the compter in Bredstréete: but in the yeare 1555 the prisones were remooued from thence, to one other new Compter
Coumpter in Bredstreete.
in Woodstréete, prouided by the cities purchase, and
builded for that purpose: the cause of which remooue was this. Richard
Husband Pastelar, kéeper of this Coumpter in Bredstréet, being a wilful and headstrong man, dealt for his owne
aduantage, hardly with the prisoners
Prisoners re
moued from the Coumpter in Bredstreete to a new coumter in Woodstreete. Keeper of the counter sēt to Newgate.
vnder his charge, hauing also sernants such as himselfe
liked best for their bad vsage, and woulde not for any complaint bee reformoued from the Coumpter in Bredstreete to a new coumter in Woodstreete. Keeper of the counter sēt to Newgate.
med: wherèupon in the yeare 1550. Sir Rowland Hill beeing Mayor, by the assent of a court of Aldermen, he was sent to the gayle of Newgate, for the cruell handling of his prisoners: and it was cō
maunded to the kéeper of set those irons on his legges, which are called the widows almes: These he ware from Thursday, till Sun
day in the afternoone, and being by a court of Aldermen released, on the Tuesday, was bound in an hundred markes, to obserue from thenceforth an act made by the common councell, for the ordering of prisoners in the Compters: all which notwithstanding, hee continued as afore: whereof my selfe am partly a witnesse: for be
ing of a Iurie to enquire against a Sessions of Gayle deliuerie, in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred fiftie two, wee found the pri
soners hardly dealt withall, for theyr achates and otherwise,
Quest of in
quirie indight the keepers of the gayles for dealing hard
ly with their prisoners.
and
quirie indight the keepers of the gayles for dealing hard
ly with their prisoners.
that
285
that
théeues and strumpets were there lodged for foure pence the night, whereby they
might be safe from searches that were made abroad:
They indigh
ted the bow
ling Allies, &c.
for the which enormities, and other not néedfull to bee
recited the bow
ling Allies, &c.
ted, he was indighted at that Session, but did rubbe it out, and could not be reformed, til this remoue of ye prisoners for the house in Bred
streete was his owne by Lease, or otherwise, so that he could not bee put from it. Such Gaylors buying their offices, will deale hardly with pittifull prisoners. Now in Fryday stréete, so called of Fish
moongers dwelling there, and seruing frydayes market, on the East side, is a small parish church, commonly called S. Iohn Euangelist,
Parish church of S. Iohn
Euangelist.
the monuments therein, be of Iohn Dogget
Marchantaylor, one of the Sheriffes, in the yeare 1509. Sir Christoper
Askew Draper, Mayor, 1533. Then lower downe, is one other parish church of S. Margaret Moyses,
Parish church of S. Margaret
Moyses.
so called (as séemeth) of one Moyses, that was
founder, or new builder thereof. The monuments there, bee of sir Richard
Dobbet Skinner, Mayor, 1551. William Dane Ironmoonger, one of the Sheriffes, 1569. Sir Iohn Allet Fishmoonger, Mayor 1591.
On the West side of this Fryday stréete, is Mayden Lane,
so named of such a signe, or Distaffe Lane, for Distar
Lane, as I reade in record of a Brew-house, called the Lambe in Distar
Lane, the sixtéenth of Henry the sixt. In this Distar Lane, on the North side thereof, is the Cord-wayners,
or Shoomakers
Hall, which com
pany were made a brotherhood or fraternitie, in the eleuenth of Hen
ry the fourth. On the South side of this Distar Lane, is also one o
ther Lane, called Distar Lane: which runneth downe to Knightri
ders stréete, or olde Fishstréete, and this is the ende of Bredstréete Warde: which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Councell tenne. Constables ten. Skauengers eight. Wardmote Inquest thir
téene, and a Beadle. In standeth taxed to the fiftéene in London, at thirtie seuen pound, and in the Exchequer at thirtie sixe pound tenne shillings.
pany were made a brotherhood or fraternitie, in the eleuenth of Hen
ry the fourth. On the South side of this Distar Lane, is also one o
ther Lane, called Distar Lane: which runneth downe to Knightri
ders stréete, or olde Fishstréete, and this is the ende of Bredstréete Warde: which hath an Alderman, his Deputie, Common Councell tenne. Constables ten. Skauengers eight. Wardmote Inquest thir
téene, and a Beadle. In standeth taxed to the fiftéene in London, at thirtie seuen pound, and in the Exchequer at thirtie sixe pound tenne shillings.
Queene
286
NExt vnto Bredstréet Warde, on the South side
therof, is Quéen Hithe Ward,
so
called of a wa
ter gate, or harborow for Boates, Lighters and Barges, and was of olde time for shippes, at what time, the timber bridge of London was drawne vp, for the passage of them to the saide Hithe, as to a principall strand for landing and vnlading against the middest and hart of the Citie. This Warde beginneth in the East, in Knightriders stréete, on the South side thereof, at the East ende of the Parish church cal
led the holy Trinitie, and runneth West on the South side to a lane called Lambert hill, which is the length of the Warde in Knightri
ders stréete, out of the which stréet are diuers Lanes, running South to Thames stréete, and are of this Warde: the first is Trinitie Lane, which runneth downe by the West end of Trinitie Church. Then is Spuren Lane,
wards Thames stréete 25. foote &c.
ter gate, or harborow for Boates, Lighters and Barges, and was of olde time for shippes, at what time, the timber bridge of London was drawne vp, for the passage of them to the saide Hithe, as to a principall strand for landing and vnlading against the middest and hart of the Citie. This Warde beginneth in the East, in Knightriders stréete, on the South side thereof, at the East ende of the Parish church cal
led the holy Trinitie, and runneth West on the South side to a lane called Lambert hill, which is the length of the Warde in Knightri
ders stréete, out of the which stréet are diuers Lanes, running South to Thames stréete, and are of this Warde: the first is Trinitie Lane, which runneth downe by the West end of Trinitie Church. Then is Spuren Lane,
Spuren Lanes, or Huggēlane.
or
Sporners Lane, now called Huggen Lane. Then Bredstréet hill. Then
S. Mary Mounthaunt: out of the which
Lane, on the East side thereof, is one other Lane, turning East, through S. Nicholas Olaues Church yard, to Bredstréete hill. This Lane is called Finimore Lane or fiue foote
Lane, because it is but fiue foote in breadth at the West ende:
In the middest of this lane,
runneth downe one other lane broader, South to Thames
stréete, I thinke the same to be called Desboorne
Lane,
for I reade, of such a Lane to haue bin in the parish of Mary Summerset, in the two and twentieth yeare of
Edward the 3. where there is saide to lye betwéene the
Tenement of Edward de Mountaoute Knight, on the East part, and the
tenement sometime pertaining to William Gladwine on the West, one plot of
ground, containing in length towards Thames stréete 25. foote &c.
Last of all, haue you Lambart hill
Lane, so called of one Lambart an owner thereof: and this is the furthest
West part of this Warde. On the North side comming downe from Knightriders stréete, the
gainst Saint Peters Church in the West, neare vnto Powles Wharffe. And on the land side from a Cookes house called the blew Boore, to the West ende of Saint Peters Church, and vp Saint Peters Hill, two houses North aboue the saide Church. And these bee the boundes of this Warde: in which, are Parish Churches seuen, Halles of Companies two, and other Orna
ments, as shall he shewed.
East
287
East side
of Lambards hill, is wholely of this Warde: and the
west side, from the North end of the Black-smithes
Hall (which is about the middest of this Lane) vnto Thames Stréete. Then part of Thames stréete, is also of this Warde, to wit, from a Cookes house
called the signe of King Dauid, thrée houses
West, from the olde Swan Brewhouse in the East, vnto
Huntington house, ouer against Saint Peters Church in the West, neare vnto Powles Wharffe. And on the land side from a Cookes house called the blew Boore, to the West ende of Saint Peters Church, and vp Saint Peters Hill, two houses North aboue the saide Church. And these bee the boundes of this Warde: in which, are Parish Churches seuen, Halles of Companies two, and other Orna
ments, as shall he shewed.
First, in Knightriders stréete, is the small Parish
Church of the holy Trinitie,
lections haue béene made for the repairing thereof, but they will not stretch to farre, and therefore it leaneth vpon proppes or stilts. Monuments are therein none. Towards the West ende of Knightriders stréete, is the Parish Church of S. Nicholas Colde Abbey, a comely Church,
test writing: but I could neuer learne the cause why it should bee so called, and therefore I will let it passe. There bee monuments in this Church, of Andrew Awbery Grocer, Mayor, and Thomas Fryar Fishmoonger, in the yeare 1351. who gaue to this Church and parish one plot of ground, containing fiftie six foote in length, and fortie thrée foote in breadth, at both endes to be a buriall place for the dead of the said Parish, the twentie sixt of Edward the third. Also Thomas Madefrey Clarke, and Iohn Pylot, gaue to the Wardens of that Parish, one shop, and a house in Distar lane, for the continu
al repairing of the bodie of that church, the belles and Ornaments the twentieth of Richard the 2. buried there Iohn Calfe, & William Cogeshall, Walter Turke Fishmoonger Mayor, 1349. Richard Esgastone Fishmoonger, 1400. Richard Walberge Fishmoonger, 1407. Thomas Padington Fishmoonger, 1485. Robert Hary Fishmoonger, and others.
Parish church of the
Trinity.
very olde and in daunger of downe falling: collections haue béene made for the repairing thereof, but they will not stretch to farre, and therefore it leaneth vpon proppes or stilts. Monuments are therein none. Towards the West ende of Knightriders stréete, is the Parish Church of S. Nicholas Colde Abbey, a comely Church,
Parish church
of S. Nicholas Colde Abey.
somewhat auncient, as appeareth by
the wayes raised thereabout: it hath béene called of many, Golden Abbey, of some Colde Abbey, and so hath the most auncientest writing: but I could neuer learne the cause why it should bee so called, and therefore I will let it passe. There bee monuments in this Church, of Andrew Awbery Grocer, Mayor, and Thomas Fryar Fishmoonger, in the yeare 1351. who gaue to this Church and parish one plot of ground, containing fiftie six foote in length, and fortie thrée foote in breadth, at both endes to be a buriall place for the dead of the said Parish, the twentie sixt of Edward the third. Also Thomas Madefrey Clarke, and Iohn Pylot, gaue to the Wardens of that Parish, one shop, and a house in Distar lane, for the continu
al repairing of the bodie of that church, the belles and Ornaments the twentieth of Richard the 2. buried there Iohn Calfe, & William Cogeshall, Walter Turke Fishmoonger Mayor, 1349. Richard Esgastone Fishmoonger, 1400. Richard Walberge Fishmoonger, 1407. Thomas Padington Fishmoonger, 1485. Robert Hary Fishmoonger, and others.
On
288
On the
North side of this church in the Wall thereof, was of late builded a conuenient
Eistern of stone and lead, for receit of Thames water,
Water condit.
conueyed in pipes of leade to that
place, for the ease and commoditie of the Fishmoongers, and other inhabitants, in and about olde Fishstréete. Barnard Randolphe common Seriant of the cittie of London, did in his life time deliuer to the company of Fishmoon
gers, the sum of nine hundred, pound, to bee imployed towards the conducting of the said Thames water, and sisterning the same, &c. In the parishes of S. Mary Magdalen, and S. Nicholas Colde Ab
bay neare vnto Fishstréete, seuen hundred pound, and other two hundred pound to charitable déedes: he deceased, 1583. and shortly after, this conduit with the other, was made and finished.
In Trinitie Lane, on the west side thereof, is the
Painter stay
ners Hall, for so of olde time were they called, but now that worke
manship of stayning is departed out of vse in England Lower down in Trinitie Lane on the East side thereof, was sometime a great Messuage pertaining vnto Iohn Earle of Cornwell,
teenth of Edward the third. On Bredstréet hill down to the Thames on both sides, bee diuers faire houses, inhabited by Fishmoongers, Chéesemoongers, and Marchants of diuers trades. On the West side whereof, is the parish church of S. Nicholas Oliue, a conueni
ent church, hauing the monumēts of William Newport Fishmoon
ger, one of the Sheriffes 1375. Richard Willowes Parson 1391. Richard Sturges Fishmoonger 1470. Thomas Lewen Ironmoon
ger, one of the Sheriffes 1537. who gaue his messuage with yt purte
nances, wherein he dwelt, with fourtéene Tenements in the saide Parish of S. Nicholas,
fordes Inne or lodging: an auncient house, and large roomes builded of stone and timber, which sometime belonged to the Mounthaunts
cellour of the Marches, Bishoppe of Hereforde, about the yeare 1517. repaired it, since the which time, the same is greatly rui
nated, and is now diuided into many small tenements: the Hall and principall roomethes, are an house to make Suger loues, &c. Next adioyning, is the parish Church of S. Mary de Mounte Alto, or Mounthaunte, this is a very small church,
nements thereunto belonging. The Bishop of Hereford is Patron thereof. Monuments in this church of Iohn Glocester Alder
man, 1345. who gaue Salt Wharfe for two Chanteries there. There was sometime a faire house in the said parish of Saint Mary Mounthaunte, belonging to Robert Belkenape, one of the Kings Iustices, but the said Belknape being banished this realme, King Richard the second, in the 12. of his raigne, gaue it to Wil
liam Wickham bishop of Winchester.
ners Hall, for so of olde time were they called, but now that worke
manship of stayning is departed out of vse in England Lower down in Trinitie Lane on the East side thereof, was sometime a great Messuage pertaining vnto Iohn Earle of Cornwell,
Earle of Corn
well his house.
in the fourewell his house.
teenth of Edward the third. On Bredstréet hill down to the Thames on both sides, bee diuers faire houses, inhabited by Fishmoongers, Chéesemoongers, and Marchants of diuers trades. On the West side whereof, is the parish church of S. Nicholas Oliue, a conueni
ent church, hauing the monumēts of William Newport Fishmoon
ger, one of the Sheriffes 1375. Richard Willowes Parson 1391. Richard Sturges Fishmoonger 1470. Thomas Lewen Ironmoon
ger, one of the Sheriffes 1537. who gaue his messuage with yt purte
nances, wherein he dwelt, with fourtéene Tenements in the saide Parish of S. Nicholas,
Parish church of S. Nicholas
Oliue.
to be had after the decease of Agnes his wife,
to the Ironmoongers, and they to giue stipends appointed to Almes men, in fiue
houses by them builded in the church yard of that parish: more to poore schollers
in Oxford and Camebridge, &c. Blitheman, an
excellent Orgainest of the Quéenes Chapell, lyeth
buried there with an Epitaphe, 1591, &c. The next is olde Fishstréet hill,
a Lane so called, which
also runneth downe to Thames stréete. In this lane
on the East side thereof, is ye one end of Finimore on Fiue foote
lane. On the West side of this old Fishstréete
hill, is the Bishop of Herefordes Inne or lodging: an auncient house, and large roomes builded of stone and timber, which sometime belonged to the Mounthaunts
in
289
in
Norfolke. Radulphus de Maydenstone, Bishop of Hereford, about
1234. bought it of the Mounthaunts, and gaue it to the
Bishoppes of Hereforde, his successors. Charles
both Chancellour of the Marches, Bishoppe of Hereforde, about the yeare 1517. repaired it, since the which time, the same is greatly rui
nated, and is now diuided into many small tenements: the Hall and principall roomethes, are an house to make Suger loues, &c. Next adioyning, is the parish Church of S. Mary de Mounte Alto, or Mounthaunte, this is a very small church,
Parish Church of Saint Mary Monte Alto.
and at the first
builded to be a chapple for the saide house of the Mounthaunts, and for
Tenements thereunto belonging. The Bishop of Hereford is Patron thereof. Monuments in this church of Iohn Glocester Alder
man, 1345. who gaue Salt Wharfe for two Chanteries there. There was sometime a faire house in the said parish of Saint Mary Mounthaunte, belonging to Robert Belkenape, one of the Kings Iustices, but the said Belknape being banished this realme, King Richard the second, in the 12. of his raigne, gaue it to Wil
liam Wickham bishop of Winchester.
On the East side of this Olde Fishstréete Hill, is
one great house now letten out for rent, which house sometime was one of the
Halles pertaining to the Company of Fishmongers,
at such time
as they had six Hallmotes or méeting places: namely, twaine in Bridge stréete, or new Fish
stréet, twaine in old Fish stréet, wher
of this was one: and twain in Stockfishmonger Row,
of this was one: and twain in Stockfishmonger Row,
Pattents.
or Thames stréete, as appeareth
by a Record the 22. of Richard the
2.
Next Westward, is one other Lane called Lambard
Hill,
the East side whereof, is wholly of this Warde, and but
halfe the west side: to wit, from the North end of the blacke Smithes
Hall. Then in Thames stréete of this Warde,
on the North side ouer against the Quéenes Hithe, is
the Parrish church of S. Michæll,
a con
uenient church, but all the Monuments therein are defaced.
uenient church, but all the Monuments therein are defaced.
I finde thatStphen Spilman, Gentleman of that Family in
Norfolke, sometime Mearcer, Chamberlaine of London, then one
of the Sheriffes and Alderman, in the yeare 1404. decea
sing without issue, gaue his landes to his Family the Spilmans, and his goods to the making or repairing of Bridges and other like godly vses: And amongst others to this church, and was bu
ried in the Quire.
sing without issue, gaue his landes to his Family the Spilmans, and his goods to the making or repairing of Bridges and other like godly vses: And amongst others to this church, and was bu
ried in the Quire.
Also
U
290
Also
Richard Marlowe Ironmoonger Mayor, 1409. gaue 20 pound to
the poore of that Warde, and ten Markes to the church. Richard Gray
Ironmoonger Alderman, one of the Sheriffes 1515 gaue fortie pound
to that church, and was buried there. At the west ende of that church goeth vp a
lane, called Pyellane.
Piellane.
On the
same North side, at the South ende of Saint Mary
Mounthaunt Lane, is
the parish church of Saint Mary Summerset,
Parish church of
Saint Mary Summerset.
ouer against the broken
Wharffe: it is a proper church, but the Monuments are
all defaced. I thinke the same to bee of olde time called Summers Hithe,
of some mans name that was owner of the ground
neare adioyning, as Edreds Hithe was, so called of
Edred owner thereof, and Sythence called Quéene Hithe, as pertaining to the Quéene, &c.
Then is a small Parish church of S. Peter,
called Parua or Little, vpon the Thames, neare vnto Powles wharffe: In this church no Monuments do
remaine. At the UUest ende thereof, is a Lane called Saint
Peters hill, but two houses vp that lane, on the East side,
is of this UUarde, and the rest is of Castle Baynarde
UUarde.
On the South side of Thames stréete, beginning
againe in the East, among the Cookes: The first in
this Warde, is the signe of Dauid the King:
then is Townes end lane,
turning downe to the Thames. Then is Quéene Hithe, a large receptackle for ships, lighters,
barges, and such other vesselles.
Touching the Antiquitie and vse of this gate and Hithe, first I finde, that of
olde time the same belonged to one named Edred, and was then called Edreds Hithe,
which since
falling to the hands of King Stephen, it was by his Charter confirmed to
William Dey
pre: the firme whereof in Fée and in heritage, William Deypre gaue it vnto the Prior and Couent of the holy Trinitie within Ald
gate, as appeareth by this Charter. To Theobald by the grace of God Archbishop of Canterburie, Primate of England, and Legata Apostolike, to the Bishop of London, and to all faithfull people, Clarkes, and laye men, William Deypre sendeth gréeting.
pre: the firme whereof in Fée and in heritage, William Deypre gaue it vnto the Prior and Couent of the holy Trinitie within Ald
gate, as appeareth by this Charter. To Theobald by the grace of God Archbishop of Canterburie, Primate of England, and Legata Apostolike, to the Bishop of London, and to all faithfull people, Clarkes, and laye men, William Deypre sendeth gréeting.
Know ye me to haue giuen and graunted to God, and to the Church of the Holy Trinitie of London, to the Pryor and Cannons
purtenances, with such deuotion, that they shall send euery yeare twentie pound vnto the maintenance of the Hospital of S. Kathrens, which Hospitall they haue in their hands, and 100. shillings to the Monkes of Berdmondsey, and 60. shillings, to the brethren of the Hospitall of Sain Gyles, and that which remaineth, the said Prior and Cannons shall enioy to themselues: witnesses, Richard de Lu
cia, Raphe Picot, &c.
there
291
there
seruing God, in perpetuall almes, Edreds Hithe with
the appurtenances, with such deuotion, that they shall send euery yeare twentie pound vnto the maintenance of the Hospital of S. Kathrens, which Hospitall they haue in their hands, and 100. shillings to the Monkes of Berdmondsey, and 60. shillings, to the brethren of the Hospitall of Sain Gyles, and that which remaineth, the said Prior and Cannons shall enioy to themselues: witnesses, Richard de Lu
cia, Raphe Picot, &c.
This Edreds Hithe after the aforesaid grants, came
againe to the Kings hands, by what meanes I haue not read, but it pertai
ned vnto the Quéene, and therefore was called Ripa Reginæ, the Quéenes Banque, or Quéenes Hithe, and great profit thereof was made to her vse, as may appeare by this which followeth.
ned vnto the Quéene, and therefore was called Ripa Reginæ, the Quéenes Banque, or Quéenes Hithe, and great profit thereof was made to her vse, as may appeare by this which followeth.
Record.
King Henry the third, in the ninth of his Raigne, commanded the Constables of the Tower of London, to arrest the
shippes of the Cinque Ports on the riuer of Thames, and to compell them to bring their
corne to no other place but to the Quéenes Hithe
onely.
Ships of the ports arested and forced
to bring their corne to Queen Hithe.
In the eleuenth of his raigne,
hee charged the saide Consta
ble to destraine any fishe offered to be solde in any place of this cittie, but at the Quéene Hithe. Moreouer, in twentie eight of the said Kings raigne, an inquisition was made before William of Yorke, Prouost of Beuerley, Henry of Bathe, and Hierome of Caxton, Iustices Itenerants, sitting in the Tower of London, touching the customes of Quéene Hithe, obserued in the yeare last, before the warres, betwéene the King his father, and the Barons of England, and of olde customes of other times, and what customes had béene chaunged, at what time to Taxe and payment of all things com
ming thither, and betwéene woorepatheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, and Anede HitheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, were found and ceased according to the olde order, as well corne and fishe as of other things: all which customes were as well to bee obser
ued in the parte of Dounegate as in Quéene Hithe, for the Kings vse. When also it was found, that the corne arriuing betwéene the gate of Guild Hall of the Merchants of Colleyne, and the Soke of the Archbishop of Canterburye (for he had a house neare vnto the Black Fryers) was not to be measured by any other quarter, then be that of the Quéenes soke.
ble to destraine any fishe offered to be solde in any place of this cittie, but at the Quéene Hithe. Moreouer, in twentie eight of the said Kings raigne, an inquisition was made before William of Yorke, Prouost of Beuerley, Henry of Bathe, and Hierome of Caxton, Iustices Itenerants, sitting in the Tower of London, touching the customes of Quéene Hithe, obserued in the yeare last, before the warres, betwéene the King his father, and the Barons of England, and of olde customes of other times, and what customes had béene chaunged, at what time to Taxe and payment of all things com
ming thither, and betwéene woorepatheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, and Anede HitheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, were found and ceased according to the olde order, as well corne and fishe as of other things: all which customes were as well to bee obser
ued in the parte of Dounegate as in Quéene Hithe, for the Kings vse. When also it was found, that the corne arriuing betwéene the gate of Guild Hall of the Merchants of Colleyne, and the Soke of the Archbishop of Canterburye (for he had a house neare vnto the Black Fryers) was not to be measured by any other quarter, then be that of the Quéenes soke.
After
U2
292
After
this, the Bayliffes of the saide Hithe complained, that since the saide
Recognision, fourtéene forraine shippes laden with Fish, arriued at Bilnings Gate, which shippes should haue arriued at
the saide Hithe: And therefore it was ordered, that if any forraine shippe laden
with Fish, should in forme aforesaid, arriue elsewhere then at this Hithe, it
should bee at the Kings pleasure to amerce them at 40. shillings. Notwithstanding,
the shippes of the citizens of London were at libertie to arriue where
the owners would appoint them.
After this, the saide Henry the third, confirmed the graunt of
Richard Earle of Cornwell, for the Farme of the Quéene Hithe,
don, and their successors for euer, as by this his Charter appeareth: Henry by the grace of God, King of England, lord of Ireland, Duke of Gwine, and Earle of Aniowe, to all Archbishops, &c. Be it knowne, that we haue séene the couenant betwéene our brother Richard Earle of Cornwell, of the one partie, and the Maior and Communaltie of London on the other partie, which was in this sort.
well, and Iohn Gisors then Mayor of London, and the Commons thereof, concerning certaine exactions and demaunds pertaining to the Quéene Hithe of London. The saide Earle graunted for himselfe and his heires, that the said Mayor, and all Mayors insu
ing, and all the Commons of the citie, should haue and holde the Quéene Hithe, with all the liberties, customes, and other appurte
nances, repaying yearly to the said Earle, his heires and assignes, 50.li. at Clarken well, at two seuerall termes: to wit, the Sunday after Easter 25. pound. And at Michælmas 25. pound. And for more suretis hereof, the saide Earle hath set therevnto his seale, and left it with the Mayor. And the Mayor and Com
munaltie haue set to their seale and left it with the Earle. Where
fore we confirme and establish the said couenant, for vs, and for our heires. Witnesses, Raphe Fitx Nicholl, Richard Gray, Iohn and Williā Brithem, Pawlin Payner, Raphe Wancia, Ioh. Gum
band and other: at Winsor the 26. of Febr. the 31. of our raigne.
riffes, and so hath continued euer since, the profits whereof are sore diminished, so that (as writeth Robert Fabian)
kers, Brewers, and others buying their corne at Quéene Hithe, should pay for measuring, portage, and carriage for euery quarter of corne whatsoeuer, from thence to West Cheape, to S. Anthonins Church, to Horshewe Bridge, and to Woolsey stréete in the Parish of Alhallowes the lesse, and such like distances, one ob. q. to Fléete Bridge, to Newgate, Criplegate, to Bercheouars Lane, to East-Cheape and Billings Gate, one penny. Also that the measurer (or the meater) ought to haue 8. chiefe Maister Porters, euery Maister to haue 3. Porters vnder him, and euery one of them to finde one horse, and seuen sackes, and he that so did not, to loose his Of
fice. This Hithe was then so frequented with Uessels, bringing thi
ther corne (besides fish, salt, fewell, and other marchandizes) that all these men, to wit, the Meater, and Porters, 37. in number, for all their charge of horses and sackes, and small stipend, liued well of their labours: but now that case is altered: the Bakers of Lon
don and others Citizens, trauell into the Countries, and buye their Corne of the Farmars, after the Farmars price.
Queen Hithe let to farme to the Maior and
Communaltie of London.
vnto Iohn Gisors then Mayor, and to the
Communaltie of London, and their successors for euer, as by this his Charter appeareth: Henry by the grace of God, King of England, lord of Ireland, Duke of Gwine, and Earle of Aniowe, to all Archbishops, &c. Be it knowne, that we haue séene the couenant betwéene our brother Richard Earle of Cornwell, of the one partie, and the Maior and Communaltie of London on the other partie, which was in this sort.
Liber trini
trte, Lon.
In the 30. yeare of H. the sonne of King Iohn, vpon the feast of the
translation of Saint Edward at Westminster, this couenant was made betwéene the honourable lord
Richard Earle of Corntrte, Lon.
well, and Iohn Gisors then Mayor of London, and the Commons thereof, concerning certaine exactions and demaunds pertaining to the Quéene Hithe of London. The saide Earle graunted for himselfe and his heires, that the said Mayor, and all Mayors insu
ing, and all the Commons of the citie, should haue and holde the Quéene Hithe, with all the liberties, customes, and other appurte
nances, repaying yearly to the said Earle, his heires and assignes, 50.li. at Clarken well, at two seuerall termes: to wit, the Sunday after Easter 25. pound. And at Michælmas 25. pound. And for more suretis hereof, the saide Earle hath set therevnto his seale, and left it with the Mayor. And the Mayor and Com
munaltie haue set to their seale and left it with the Earle. Where
fore we confirme and establish the said couenant, for vs, and for our heires. Witnesses, Raphe Fitx Nicholl, Richard Gray, Iohn and Williā Brithem, Pawlin Payner, Raphe Wancia, Ioh. Gum
band and other: at Winsor the 26. of Febr. the 31. of our raigne.
The
293
The
charge of this Quéene Hithe was then committed to
the Sheriffes, and so hath continued euer since, the profits whereof are sore diminished, so that (as writeth Robert Fabian)
Robert Fabi
an.
it was woorth in his time litle aboue 20.
Markes, or 15. pounde, one yeare with an other. Now for customes of this Quéene Hithe,
an.
Liber
consti
tution.
in the yeare
1302.
tution.
Custome of Queen Hithe.
the 30. of Ed. the
1. it was found by the oath of diuers men, that Bakers, Brewers, and others buying their corne at Quéene Hithe, should pay for measuring, portage, and carriage for euery quarter of corne whatsoeuer, from thence to West Cheape, to S. Anthonins Church, to Horshewe Bridge, and to Woolsey stréete in the Parish of Alhallowes the lesse, and such like distances, one ob. q. to Fléete Bridge, to Newgate, Criplegate, to Bercheouars Lane, to East-Cheape and Billings Gate, one penny. Also that the measurer (or the meater) ought to haue 8. chiefe Maister Porters, euery Maister to haue 3. Porters vnder him, and euery one of them to finde one horse, and seuen sackes, and he that so did not, to loose his Of
fice. This Hithe was then so frequented with Uessels, bringing thi
ther corne (besides fish, salt, fewell, and other marchandizes) that all these men, to wit, the Meater, and Porters, 37. in number, for all their charge of horses and sackes, and small stipend, liued well of their labours: but now that case is altered: the Bakers of Lon
don and others Citizens, trauell into the Countries, and buye their Corne of the Farmars, after the Farmars price.
King Edward the second in the first of his raigne, gaue to Margaret, wife to Peter de
Gauestone, fortie thrée pound, twelue shillings nine pence ob.
q.
Liber Guild.
out of the
rent in London, to be receiued of the Quéenes
Hithe. Certaine Inpositions were set vpon ships and other vesselles,
comming thither, as vppon Corne, Salt, and other things, towarde the charge of
clensing Roomeland there, the
41. of Edward the
3.
The third of Edward the
fourth, the Market at Quéene Hithe being
hindred by the slacknesse of drawing vp London
Bridge, it was ordeined, that all maner of Uesselles, Shippes, or Boats,
great or small, resorting to the Citie with victuall, should be sold by re
taile, and that if there came but one Uessell at a time, were it salt, wheate, Kye, or other Corne from beyonde the Seas, or other graines, Garlicke, Onyons, Hearings, Sprattes, Eles, Why
ting,
taile, and that if there came but one Uessell at a time, were it salt, wheate, Kye, or other Corne from beyonde the Seas, or other graines, Garlicke, Onyons, Hearings, Sprattes, Eles, Why
ting,
ting,
U3
294
Place,
Cods, Mackarell, &c. then that one Uessell should come to Quéene Hithe,
Queen Hithe to be more frequented of Ships &
botes then Billings gate.
and there to
make sale: but if two Uessailes came, the one should come to Quéene Hithe, the other to Billings gate: if thrée, two of them should come to Quéene Hithe, the third to Billings gate, &c. alwayes the more to Quéene Hithe: if the Uessell being great, comming with sault from the
Baye, and could not come to these keyes, then the same to be conueyed by Lighters,
as afore is ment.
One large house for stowage of Corne (framed out of Lighters and Barges) is there
lately builed. Sir Iohn Lion Grocer May
or, 1554. by his Testament, gaue one hundred pound towards it, but since increased and made larger at charges of the Citie, in the yeare, 1565.
or, 1554. by his Testament, gaue one hundred pound towards it, but since increased and made larger at charges of the Citie, in the yeare, 1565.
A garner for corne at Queen Hithe. A garnar for corne, and a store house
for meale at Queene Hithe Stewe lane.
Timber Hithe.
Next adioyning to this Quéene Hithe, on the West
side thereof, is Sault Wharffe, named of Sault taken
vp, measured and solde there. The next is Stewe lane,
of a Stewe, or hotte house there kept. After that, is Timber Hithe, or Timber stréete, so called
of Timber and Boordes there taken vp and Wharffed, it is in the Parish of Saint Mary Somershithe, as I reade
in the fiftie sixt of Henry
the third, and in the ninth of Edward the second. Then is Brookes
wharffe,
& broken
wharfe, a water gate (or Keye) so called, of béeing
broken and fallen downe into the Thames. By this
Bro
ken Wharffe, remaineth one large olde building of stone, with Arched gates, which Messuage as I finde in the raigne of Henry the third, the fortie thrée yeare, pertaining vnto Hugh de Bygot, and in the eleuenth of Edward the second, to Thomas Earle of Norffolke, Marshall of Ireland: In the eleuenth of Henry the sixt, to Iohn Newbery Duke of Norffolke, &c.
ken Wharffe, remaineth one large olde building of stone, with Arched gates, which Messuage as I finde in the raigne of Henry the third, the fortie thrée yeare, pertaining vnto Hugh de Bygot, and in the eleuenth of Edward the second, to Thomas Earle of Norffolke, Marshall of Ireland: In the eleuenth of Henry the sixt, to Iohn Newbery Duke of Norffolke, &c.
Within the gate of this house, (now belonging to the cittie of London) is
lately, to wit, in the yeare, 1594. and 1595. builded one large
house, of great heigth, called an engine, made by Beuis Bulmar gentleman,
for the conueying and forcing of Thames wa
ter
cient great Hall of this Messuage, is yet standing, and pertaining to a great Brew-house for Béere. West from this, is Trigge lane, going downe to the Thames, Next is called Bosse lane, of a Bosse of water, like vnto that of Billings gate, there placed by the execu
tors
time belonging to the Abbots of Chartsey in Surrey, and was theyr Inne, wherein they were lodged, when they repayred to the Citie: it is now called Sandy house, by what reason I haue not heard: I thinke the Lord Sands haue béene lodged there. And this is an end of this Quéene Hithe Warde: which hath an Alderman and his Deputie. Common Councell sixe. Constables nine. Skauengers eight. Wardmete Inquest thirtéene, and a Beadle. It is taxed to the Fiftéene in London twentie pound, and in the Exchequer at twentie pound.
ter
An engine for inforcing of thames
water.
to serue in the middle and West parts of the Citie. The auncient great Hall of this Messuage, is yet standing, and pertaining to a great Brew-house for Béere. West from this, is Trigge lane, going downe to the Thames, Next is called Bosse lane, of a Bosse of water, like vnto that of Billings gate, there placed by the execu
tors
tors
295
of
Richard Wittington. Then is one great messuage sometime belonging to the Abbots of Chartsey in Surrey, and was theyr Inne, wherein they were lodged, when they repayred to the Citie: it is now called Sandy house, by what reason I haue not heard: I thinke the Lord Sands haue béene lodged there. And this is an end of this Quéene Hithe Warde: which hath an Alderman and his Deputie. Common Councell sixe. Constables nine. Skauengers eight. Wardmete Inquest thirtéene, and a Beadle. It is taxed to the Fiftéene in London twentie pound, and in the Exchequer at twentie pound.
THe next is Castle Baynard Warde,
so named of an olde Castle
there, this Ward beginneth in the East, on the Thames side, at an house called
Huntington house, and runneth West by Powles Wharffe, by Baynards
Castle, Puddle Wharffe, and by the South
side of Blacke Frers. Then turning by the East Wall
of the sayde Fryers, to the South
west ende of Creede Lane. Then on the North side of Thames stréete, ouer against Huntington house, by Saint Peters Church and lane, called Peter hill, along till ouer against Puddle Wharffe: and then North vp by the great Wardrobe, to the west ende of Carter lane. Then vp Creede lane, Auemary lane, and a péece of Pater Noster Rowe, to the signe of the Golden lyon, and backe againe, vp Warwicke lane, all the East side thereof, to the signe of the Crowne by Newgate Market: and this is the farthest North part of this Warde.
west ende of Creede Lane. Then on the North side of Thames stréete, ouer against Huntington house, by Saint Peters Church and lane, called Peter hill, along till ouer against Puddle Wharffe: and then North vp by the great Wardrobe, to the west ende of Carter lane. Then vp Creede lane, Auemary lane, and a péece of Pater Noster Rowe, to the signe of the Golden lyon, and backe againe, vp Warwicke lane, all the East side thereof, to the signe of the Crowne by Newgate Market: and this is the farthest North part of this Warde.
Then out of Thames stréete be lanes assending North
to Knightriders stréete: the first, is Peter hill lane, all of that Ward, (two houses
excepted, adioyning to Saint Peters
church.) The next is Powles Wharffe hill, which
thwarting Knightriders stréet, and Carter lane, goeth vp to the South Chaine of Powles
church yard.
Then
U4
296
Then is
Adlestréete,
ouer against the West
part of Baynards Castle, going vp by the West ende
of Knightrydars stréete, and to Carter Lane. Thus much for Lanes out of Thames stréete. The one halfe of the West side of Lambard Hill Lane being of this Warde, at the
Northwest ende thereof, on the South side, and at the West ende of Saint Mary
Maudlins Church on the Northside, beginneth Knightridars stréete to be of this Warde, and run
neth West on both sides to the Parish Church of Saint Andrew by the Wardrobe.
Then at the said East end of S. Magdalens
Church, goeth vp the Old Exchange, all the
west side whereof, vp to the southeast gate of Powles
church yard, and by S. Austins
church, is of this Ward. About the midst of this Olde Exchaunge, on the West side thereof, is Carter Lane, which runneth West to the East entry of
the Black Friars, and the south ende of Creede Lane, out of the which Car
ter Lane, descendeth a Lane called Doo little Lane, and commeth into Knightrider stréete, by the Boores head Tauerne: and more West, is Sermon Lane, by an Inne called the Powle head. Then out of Carter Lane, on the North side thereof, the South Chaine of Powles church yarde, and the church yarde it selfe on that south side of Powles church, the church of Saint Gregory, the Bi
Poppes Pallace, and the Deanes lodging, be all of this Ward: and such be the boundes thereof. The Ornaments in this Ward, be Parish churches 4. Of olde time a castle: Diuers Noblemens houses. Halles of Companies twaine. And such others, as shall be shewed.
ter Lane, descendeth a Lane called Doo little Lane, and commeth into Knightrider stréete, by the Boores head Tauerne: and more West, is Sermon Lane, by an Inne called the Powle head. Then out of Carter Lane, on the North side thereof, the South Chaine of Powles church yarde, and the church yarde it selfe on that south side of Powles church, the church of Saint Gregory, the Bi
Poppes Pallace, and the Deanes lodging, be all of this Ward: and such be the boundes thereof. The Ornaments in this Ward, be Parish churches 4. Of olde time a castle: Diuers Noblemens houses. Halles of Companies twaine. And such others, as shall be shewed.
In Thames stréete, at the Southeast end, is an
auncient mes
suage, of olde time called Bewmounts Inne, as belonging to that family of Noblemen of this realme, in the 4. of Edward the 3. Ed
ward the 4. in the 5. of his raigne, gaue it to William Hastings, Lord Chamberlaine, Maister of his Mints. It is now called Hun
tington House, as belonging to the Earles of Huntington. Next is Powles Wharfe, a large landing place, with a common staire vpon the Riuer of Thames, at the end of a stréete called Powles Wharfe Hill, which runneth downe from Powles chaine. Next is a great Messuage called Scrupes Inne, sometime belonging to the Scrupes, in the 31. of Henry the 6.
suage, of olde time called Bewmounts Inne, as belonging to that family of Noblemen of this realme, in the 4. of Edward the 3. Ed
ward the 4. in the 5. of his raigne, gaue it to William Hastings, Lord Chamberlaine, Maister of his Mints. It is now called Hun
tington House, as belonging to the Earles of Huntington. Next is Powles Wharfe, a large landing place, with a common staire vpon the Riuer of Thames, at the end of a stréete called Powles Wharfe Hill, which runneth downe from Powles chaine. Next is a great Messuage called Scrupes Inne, sometime belonging to the Scrupes, in the 31. of Henry the 6.
Then
297
Then is
one other great Messuage sometime belonging to the Abbey of
Fiscampe, beyond the Sea, and by reason of the warres, it
comming to the handes of King Edward the 3. the same was giuen to Syr
Symon Burley, Knight of the Garter, and therefore called Burley House in Thames streete, betweene Baynards Castle and Powles Wharfe.
Then haue you Baynards Castle,
whereof this whole Ward taketh the name. This Castle Banquethe on the Riuer Thames, and was called Bainards castle, of Baynard, a noble man that came in with
William the Conquerour, of the which Castle, and of Baynard
himselfe, I haue spoken in an other place. There was also a Messuage by Baynardes Castle, called Legates
Inne,
in the 7. of Edward the
fourth, where be now diuers Wood Wharfes. Then is there a great
Brewhouse, and Puddle
Wharfe,
a water gate into the
Thames, where horses vse to be watered, and therfore being filed with
their trampeling, and made puddle like, it is (as I suppose) called Puddle Wharfe. Then is there a Lane, betwéene the Blacke Friars and the
Thames, called in the 26. of Ed. the 3. Castle Lane.
In this Lane also, is one great Messuage, of olde time belonging to the Priorie of
Okeborne in Wilshire, and was the Priors lodging
when he repaired to London.
This Priory being of the French
order, was suppressed by H. the 5. and with other lands and Tenements
pertaining to the said Priory, was by H. the 6. gi
uen to his Colledge in Cambridge, called now the kings Colledge. About this Castle Lane, was sometime a Mill, or Mils, belonging to the Templars of the New Temple, as appeareth of Record: for King Iohn in the first yeare of his raigne, graunted a place on the Fléete, neare vnto Baynards Castle, to make a Mill, and the whole course of water of the Fléete, to serue the said Mill.
uen to his Colledge in Cambridge, called now the kings Colledge. About this Castle Lane, was sometime a Mill, or Mils, belonging to the Templars of the New Temple, as appeareth of Record: for King Iohn in the first yeare of his raigne, graunted a place on the Fléete, neare vnto Baynards Castle, to make a Mill, and the whole course of water of the Fléete, to serue the said Mill.
A Mill or Mils by Baynards
CastleMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information.
Send information.
I read also that in the yeare 1274. the 2.
of E. the I. Ri. Rayson and Atheline
his wife, did giue to Nicholas de Musely Clark, ten shillings of yearly
frée and quiet rent, out of all his Tenements, with the houses therupon built, and
their appurtenances, which they had of the demise of the M. and brethren of
Knights Templars in Eng
land, next to their Mill of FléeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, ouer against the houses to Laurence de BrookeMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, in the parish of S. Andrew, next to Baynard Castle:
Send information, which is in the water that commeth downe from Fléete Bridge, and goeth so by London walles, betwixt the Fryars Preachers Church, and Ludgate, and so runneth backe by the house of the saide Fryars, vnto the saide Common wall of the Chanory of Saint Paule: that is all of the Parish of Saint Andrew, which is in the gift of his Aun
cestors by senioritie, as more I haue shewed in the Castles.
land, next to their Mill of FléeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, ouer against the houses to Laurence de BrookeMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, in the parish of S. Andrew, next to Baynard Castle:
Soke Court or
Warde per
taining to Ri
chard Fitzwa
ter.
which Tenements lyeth
betwéene the way, leading towards ye said
taining to Ri
chard Fitzwa
ter.
Mill
298
Mill on
the West part. Also in the rights belonging to Robert Fitz Water and to
his heires, in the Citie of London, in the time of peace, it was declared
in the yeare 1303. that the saide Robert Castillon of
London, and Banner bearer, had a soke (or Warde) in the Cittie, that
was by the wall of Saint Paule, as men goe
downe the stréete before the Brewhouse of Saint
Paule vnto the
Thames, and so to the side of the MillMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information, which is in the water that commeth downe from Fléete Bridge, and goeth so by London walles, betwixt the Fryars Preachers Church, and Ludgate, and so runneth backe by the house of the saide Fryars, vnto the saide Common wall of the Chanory of Saint Paule: that is all of the Parish of Saint Andrew, which is in the gift of his Aun
cestors by senioritie, as more I haue shewed in the Castles.
Now here is to be noted, that the walles of London at that time went
straight South from Ludgate, downe to the Riuer of Thames, but for building of the Blacke-Fryars church, the saide wall in that place,
was by commandement taken downe, and a new wall was then made, straight West from
Ludgate to Fléete
bridge, and then by the water of Fléete, to the Riuer of Tha
mes, &c.
mes, &c.
In the yeare 1307. the 35. of Edward the first, in a Parliament at Carlile, Henry
Lacie Earle of Lincolne, complained of Noyan
ces done to the water of the Fléete: Wherupon it was granted, that the said Mill should be remoued and destroyed.
deth vp by the East wall of the blacke-Fryars, to the South West ende of Creede Lane, where it endeth on that side. Then to begin again on ye North side of Thames stréete ouer against Huntington house by Saint Peters Church and Lane, called Peter Hill, and so to S. Benet, Hude (or Hithe) ouer against Paules Wharfe, a pro
per parish Church, which hath the Monuments of Sir W. Cheiny knight, and Margaret his wife, 1442. buried there. West from this church, by the southend of Adlestréet, almost against Pudle wharfe, there is one auncient building of stone & timber, builded by the lords of Barkley, and therfore called Barklies Inne. This house is now all in ruine, and letten out in seuerall Tenements, yet the armes of the Lord Barkley remaine in the stone worke of an arched gate, and is betwéene a Cheuron crosses, 10. thrée, thrée, and foure.
ces done to the water of the Fléete: Wherupon it was granted, that the said Mill should be remoued and destroyed.
Mill by Bay
nards CastleMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, destroyed.
This Warde ascennards CastleMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, destroyed.
deth vp by the East wall of the blacke-Fryars, to the South West ende of Creede Lane, where it endeth on that side. Then to begin again on ye North side of Thames stréete ouer against Huntington house by Saint Peters Church and Lane, called Peter Hill, and so to S. Benet, Hude (or Hithe) ouer against Paules Wharfe, a pro
per parish Church, which hath the Monuments of Sir W. Cheiny knight, and Margaret his wife, 1442. buried there. West from this church, by the southend of Adlestréet, almost against Pudle wharfe, there is one auncient building of stone & timber, builded by the lords of Barkley, and therfore called Barklies Inne. This house is now all in ruine, and letten out in seuerall Tenements, yet the armes of the Lord Barkley remaine in the stone worke of an arched gate, and is betwéene a Cheuron crosses, 10. thrée, thrée, and foure.
Richard
299
Richard Beauchampe Earle of Warwicke, was lodged in this house,
then called Barklies Inne, in the Parish of Saint Andrew, in the raigne of Henry the
6. Then turning vp towards the North, is the parish church of S. Andrew in ye
Wardrobe, a proper church,
but fewe Monuments hath it. Then
is the kings great Wardrobe, I haue not read by whom the same was builded, neither
when, or for what cause, but only that Sir Iohn Beauchampe, knight of ye Garter, Constable of Douer, Warden of the Sinke Ports (son to Gwi
do de Beauchampe, Earle of Warwicke) was lodged there: this house then bearing the name of the Kings Wardrobe, in the 5. of E. the 3. The saide Iohn Beauchampe deceased in the yeare 1359. and was buried on the South side of the middle Ile of Powles church.
In this house of late yeares, is lodged Sir Iohn Fortescue, knight,
Maister of the Wardrobe, Chancellor and vnder Treasu
rer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maiesties Priuy Councel. The secret letters & writings touching the estate of the realme, were wont to be introlled in the kings Wardrobe, and not in the Chauncery, as appeareth by the Records. Claus. 18. E. 4 I. Mendo, 13. Claus. 33. E. I. Memb. 3. Et liberat. I. E. 2. Memb. 4. &c. From this Ward
roabe by the West end of Carter Lane, then vp Creede Lane, Aue Mary Lane, a péece of Pater Noster Rowe, vp Warwicke Lane, all the East side, to a Brewhouse called ye CrownMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, as I said is of this ward. Touching Lanes ascending out of Thames stréet, to Knight
rydars stréete, the first is, Peters Hill, wherein I finde no matter of note, more then certaine Almes houses,
of each to haue 20. s. by the yeare.
rer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maiesties Priuy Councel. The secret letters & writings touching the estate of the realme, were wont to be introlled in the kings Wardrobe, and not in the Chauncery, as appeareth by the Records. Claus. 18. E. 4 I. Mendo, 13. Claus. 33. E. I. Memb. 3. Et liberat. I. E. 2. Memb. 4. &c. From this Ward
roabe by the West end of Carter Lane, then vp Creede Lane, Aue Mary Lane, a péece of Pater Noster Rowe, vp Warwicke Lane, all the East side, to a Brewhouse called ye CrownMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, as I said is of this ward. Touching Lanes ascending out of Thames stréet, to Knight
rydars stréete, the first is, Peters Hill, wherein I finde no matter of note, more then certaine Almes houses,
Almes
houses for 6. poore Widowes.
lately founded on the West side thereof, by
Dauid Smith Imbroderer, for 6. poore widows, wherof each to haue 20. s. by the yeare.
At the vpper ende of this Lane towards the North, the corner houses there, be
called Peters Key,
but the reason thereof I haue
not heard. Then is Powles Wharfe Hill,
on
the East side where
of is Woodmongers Hall. And next adioyning, Garter House, so called of the Office there kept by Garter King of Heraults, and other Heraults. This house was sometime belonging to the Stan
leys, for Thomas Stanley first Earle of Darby of that name, who married the Lady Margaret, Countesse of Richmond, mother to Henry the seuenth, in his time builded it.
of is Woodmongers Hall. And next adioyning, Garter House, so called of the Office there kept by Garter King of Heraults, and other Heraults. This house was sometime belonging to the Stan
leys, for Thomas Stanley first Earle of Darby of that name, who married the Lady Margaret, Countesse of Richmond, mother to Henry the seuenth, in his time builded it.
Quéene
300
Gastle Baynard
Warde.
Quéene Mary gaue to
Gilbert Dethike, then Garter principall King of armes of
English men, Thomas Hawley Clarentioules King of armes of the South
parts, William Haruy Alias Norey, King of armes of the North parts, and
the other Heraults and Purseuants of armes, and to their successors, all the same Capitall mes
suage, or house called Darby house, with the appurtenances, scituate in the Parish of Saint Benet and Saint Peter, then being in the tenure of Sir Richard Sackuile Knight, and lately parcell of the lands of Edward Earle of Darbie, &c. To the ende that the sayde Kings of Armes, Heraults and Purseuants of Armes, and their successors, might at their liking dwell togither, and at méete times, to congregate, speake, conferre, and agrée a
mong themselues, for the good gouernment of their facultie, and their records might be more safely kept, &c. Dated the eightéenth of Iuly, 1555. Philip and Mary the first and third yeare. Then higher vp, neare the South chayne of Powles church yarde, is the Powle head Tauerne, which house with the appurtenances, was of olde time called Powles Brewhouse, for that the same was so imployed, but being since left off, and letten out.
On the West side of this stréete, is one other great house buil
ded of stone, which belongeth to Powles church, and was sometime letten to the Blunts Lords Mountioy, but of later time to a Col
ledge in Cambridge, and from them to the Doctors of the Ciuill Law and Arches, who kept a commons there, and many of them be
ing there lodged, it is called the Doctors Commons. Aboue this on the same side, was one other great building, ouer against Powles Brewhouse, and this was called Powles Bakehouse, and was imploied in baking of bread, for the church of Powles. In Adle
stréete or Lane, I finde no monuments.
ded of stone, which belongeth to Powles church, and was sometime letten to the Blunts Lords Mountioy, but of later time to a Col
ledge in Cambridge, and from them to the Doctors of the Ciuill Law and Arches, who kept a commons there, and many of them be
ing there lodged, it is called the Doctors Commons. Aboue this on the same side, was one other great building, ouer against Powles Brewhouse, and this was called Powles Bakehouse, and was imploied in baking of bread, for the church of Powles. In Adle
stréete or Lane, I finde no monuments.
In Lambart hill Lane on the West side
therof, adioyning to the North side of the Blacke Smithes
Hall,
haue yee one plot of grounde inclosed with a
bricke wall, for a Church yarde
Church yard of
S. Mary Magdalen.
or burying plot for
the dead, of Saint Mary Magdalens by olde
Fishstréete.
Which was giuen to that vse, by Iohn Iwarbie an Officer in the receit of
the Exchequer, in the twentie six yeare of Henry the sixt, as appeareth by patent.
Iohn Iwarby &c. gaue a péece of land lying
stréete, betwéene the Tenement of Iohn PhipotMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information on the South, and the Tenement of Bartholomewe BurwasheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information on the West, and the Tenement pertayning to the Couent of Holly-wellMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, on the North, and the waye vppon Lambards hill, on the East, for a Church-yarde to the Parson, Church War
dens, &c.
boyde
301
boyde
in the Parish of Saint Mary Magdalen nigh to
olde Fishstréete, betwéene the Tenement of Iohn PhipotMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information on the South, and the Tenement of Bartholomewe BurwasheMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information on the West, and the Tenement pertayning to the Couent of Holly-wellMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, on the North, and the waye vppon Lambards hill, on the East, for a Church-yarde to the Parson, Church War
dens, &c.
Ouer against the North West ende of this Lambard hill
Lane in Knightriders streete, is the Parish
Church of Saint Mary Magdalen,
ments.
Parish church of S. Mary
Magdalen.
a small Church, hauing but fewe Monuments.
On the West side of this Church, by the Porche there
of, is placed a Conduit,
of, is placed a Conduit,
Coduit of Thames water.
or Cisterne of
Leade, Castelated with stone for receit of Thames
water, conueyed at the charges of the before named Barnard Randolph
Esquire. By the East ende of Sant Mary Magdalens
Church, runneth vp the olde Exchange Lane,
by the West end of Carter Lane, to the South-east
gate or chayne, or of Powles Church yarde as is
before shewed. And in this part was the Exchange
kept, and Bullion was receiued for Coynage, as is noted in Faringdon Warde within.
In this Parish of Saint Mary Magdalen, out
of Knightriders stréet vp to Carter Lane, be two small Lanes, the one of them called Doo little Lane.
The other Sermon Lane, or Sheremoniers
Lane,
the reason of their names
so giuen, I haue not learned, but I finde Sermon
Lane or Sheremoniers Lane, so called in the
fouretéenth of Edward
the first, and a place there, to be called the blacke loft, with foure
shops adioyning. I finde also that in the thirtéenth of Ri
chard the second, William de la Pole had an house there, it may bee supposed that Lane to take name of such as cutte and rounded the plats to bee coyned into Esterling pence, for the place of Coyning was in the olde Exchaunge neare vnto this.
chard the second, William de la Pole had an house there, it may bee supposed that Lane to take name of such as cutte and rounded the plats to bee coyned into Esterling pence, for the place of Coyning was in the olde Exchaunge neare vnto this.
In Knightriders stréete, is the Colledge of
Phisitians,
wher
in was founded in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred eightie two, a publike Lecture in Surgerye,
in was founded in the yeare one thousand fiue hundred eightie two, a publike Lecture in Surgerye,
Lecture in Chirurgery to be read.
to bee read twice
euery wéeke, &c. as is shewed elsewhere.
In the South Church yard of Powles, is the South
side, and
ned, with lockes, bolts, and barres of yron: All which notwithstan
ding, on the 24. of December, in the yeare 1565. by a tempest of winde then rising from the West, these Gates were blowne open,
West
302
Gastle Baynard
Warde.
West ende of the saide
church:
West Gates of Powles Church.
In the which West ende, be thrée stately Gates,
or Entries, curiously wrought of stone, namely the middle gate, in the midst
whereof, is placed a massie Pillar of brasse, wherevnto the leaues of the saide
great Gate are closed and fastened, with lockes, bolts, and barres of yron: All which notwithstan
ding, on the 24. of December, in the yeare 1565. by a tempest of winde then rising from the West, these Gates were blowne open,
Gates of Pauls church, blown open.
the barres, boltes, and lockes,
broken in sunder, or greatly bended. Also on the 5. of Ianuary, in the yeare
1589. by a like Tempest of winde then in the South West, the lesser West
Gate of the saide church next to the Bishoppes
Pallace was broken, both boltes, barres, and lockes, so that the same was
blowne ouer.
At either corner of this West ende, is also of auncient buil
ding, a strong Tower of stone, made for bell Towers, the one of them, to wit, next to the Pallace, is at this present to the vse of the same Pallace, the other towardes the South, is called the Lowlardes Tower,
son, for such as were detected for opinions in Religion, contrary to the faith of the church.
ding, a strong Tower of stone, made for bell Towers, the one of them, to wit, next to the Pallace, is at this present to the vse of the same Pallace, the other towardes the South, is called the Lowlardes Tower,
For
Lowlards Tower, Reade M. Foxe.
and hath
béene vsed as the Bishoppes Prison, for such as were detected for opinions in Religion, contrary to the faith of the church.
The last prisoner which I haue knowne committed thereto, was in the yeare 1573.
one Peter Burchet,
Gentleman of the middle Temple, for hauing
desperately wounded, and minding to haue murthered a seruiceable Gentleman named
Iohn Haw
kens Esquire, in the high stréete neare vnto the Strande, who béeing taken and examined, was founde to holde certaine opi
nions erronious, and therefore committed thither, and conuic
ted, but in the ende by perswasion, hée promised to obiure his heresies: and was by commaundement of the Councell, remoo
ued from thence to the Tower of London, &c. where hee com
mitted, as in an other place I haue at large reported.
kens Esquire, in the high stréete neare vnto the Strande, who béeing taken and examined, was founde to holde certaine opi
nions erronious, and therefore committed thither, and conuic
ted, but in the ende by perswasion, hée promised to obiure his heresies: and was by commaundement of the Councell, remoo
ued from thence to the Tower of London, &c. where hee com
mitted, as in an other place I haue at large reported.
Adioyning to this Lowlardes Tower, is the Parish church of Saint Gregorie,
Parish Church of S.
Gregory.
appoynted to the Pettie Cannons of
Powles. Monuments of note I knowe none there.
The rest of that South side of Saint Paules
Church, with the Chapter House (a bewtifull
péece of woorke, builded about the raigne of Edward the third) is now defaced, by meanes of
Lysences
303
Lysences graunted to Cutlers, Budget makers, and other, first to builde lowe
sheddes, but now higher Houses, which do hide that beautifull side of the Church,
saue only the toppe and South Gate.
On the North West side of this Church yarde, is the Bi
shoppes Pallace,
nished with housholde meynie and Guestes, as was meant by the builders thereof, and was of olde time vsed.
shoppes Pallace,
The Bishops Pallace.
a
large thing for receipte, wherein diuers Kinges haue beene lodged, and greate
housholde hath beene kepte, as appeareth by the greate Hall, whiche of late yeares
since the rebatement of Bishoppes liuinges, hath not beene furnished with housholde meynie and Guestes, as was meant by the builders thereof, and was of olde time vsed.
The Deanes lodging on the other side, directly agaynst the Pallace, is a faire
olde House, and also diuers large hou
ses, are on the same side builded, whiche yet remaine, and of olde time were the Lodgings of Prebendaries and Residenciars, whiche kept great housholdes, and liberall hospitalitie, but now either decayed, or otherwise conuerted.
ses, are on the same side builded, whiche yet remaine, and of olde time were the Lodgings of Prebendaries and Residenciars, whiche kept great housholdes, and liberall hospitalitie, but now either decayed, or otherwise conuerted.
Then is the Stacioners Hall
on the same side, lately
buil
ded for them. And let this bee an ende of Baynardes Castle Warde, whiche hath an Alderman, his Deputie. Common Councell 9. Constables 10. Scauingers 7. Wardmote In
quest, 14. and a Beadle. And to the Fiftéencis taxed at 12. pound.
ded for them. And let this bee an ende of Baynardes Castle Warde, whiche hath an Alderman, his Deputie. Common Councell 9. Constables 10. Scauingers 7. Wardmote In
quest, 14. and a Beadle. And to the Fiftéencis taxed at 12. pound.
THe farthest West Warde
of this Citie, being the 25. Warde of London, but without the
Walles is called Faringdon without, and was
of olde time part of the other Faringdon with
in, vntil the 17. of Richard the second: in which it was diuided and made twaine, by the names of Faringdon infra, and Faringdon extra, as is afore shewed.
in, vntil the 17. of Richard the second: in which it was diuided and made twaine, by the names of Faringdon infra, and Faringdon extra, as is afore shewed.
The
304
The
bounds of which warde, without Newgate, and Ludgate, are these. First on the East part thereof, is
the whole precinct of the late priorie of Saint
Bartholomewe, and a part of Long
Lane, on the North, towards Aldersgate
stréete, and Ducke Lane, with the Hospitall of Saint Bartholomewe on the West, and all Smithfield to the Barres in S. Iohn stréete. Then out of Smithfielde, Chicken Lane toward Turmile brooke, and ouer that brooke by a bridge of timber, into the field: then backe againe by the Pens (or foldes) in Smithfield, by Smithfield pond, to Cowe-Lane, which turneth to
ward Oldboorne: and then Hosiar Lane, out of Smithfield, also to
ward Oldboorne, till it meete with a part of Cowe Lane. Then Cocke Lane out of Smithfield, ouer against Pye corner: then also is Giltspur stréete, out of Smithfield to Newgate, then from New
gate West by Saint Sepulchres church to Turnagaine Lane: then to Oldboorne conduit, on Snor hill, to Oldboorne bridge: vp Old
boorne hill to the Barres on both sides, on the right hand or North side, at the bottome of Oldboorne hill, is Gold Lane, sometime a fil
thy passage into the fieldes, now both sides builded with small tene
ments. Then higher is Lither Lane, turning also to the field, and so to the Barre. Now on the left hand or South side from Newgate, lyeth a stréet called the Olde Baily, or court of the Chamberlaine of this citie: this stretcheth down by the wall of the citie vnto Ludgate: on the West side of which stréete, breaketh out one other Lane, cal
led Saint Georges Lane, till yee come to the Southende of Seacole Lane: and then turning towards Fléetestréete, it is called Fléete Lane. The next out of the high stréete from Newgate turning down South, is called the little Baylie, and runneth downe to the East of Saint Georges Lane. Then is Seacole lane, which turneth downe into Fleetelane: neare vnto this Seacole lane, in the turning to
wards Oldboorne conduit, is an other lane, called in Record, winde
againe lane, for that it turneth downe to Turmill Brooke, and from thence backe againe, for there is no way ouer. Then beyond Old
boorne bridge to Shooe lane, which runneth out of Oldboorne vn
to the conduit in Fléetestréete. Then also is Fewtars lane, which likewise stretcheth South into Fléetestréete, by the East end of Saint Dunstons church, and from this lane to the Barres, bee the bounds without Newgate.
Now
305
Now
without Ludgate, this ward runneth vp from the saide
gate to Temple bar, and hath on the right hand or
northside, the south end of the Olde Bayly, then
downe Ludgate hill, to the Fleete lane, ouer Fleete bridge, and by
Shooe lane, and Fewters
lane, and so to New streete (or Chancery lane) and vp that lane to the house of the Rolles, which house is also of this
warde, and on the other side to a lane ouer against the Roules, which entereth Ficquetes fielde.
Then harde by the Barre is one other lane called Shyre lane,
because it deuideth the Citie
from the Shire, and this turneth in
to Ficquetes fielde.
to Ficquetes fielde.
FTEMP1rom Ludgate againe on the left hand, or south side
to Fleete bridge, to bride lane, which runneth south
by Bridewell, then to Water
lane, which runneth downe to the
Thames.
Then also by the White Fryars, and by the Temple, euen
to the Barre aforesaide, bee the boundes of this Faringdon
warde without.
Touching Ornamentes and Antiquities in this warde, first be
twixt the said Newgate and the parish Church of S. Sepulchers is a way towardes Smithfielde, called Guilt spurre, or Knightri
dars streete, of the knights and other riding that way into Smith
fielde, replenished with buildinges on both sides vp to Pie corner, a place so called of such a signe, sometimes a fayre Inne for receipte of Trauellers, but now deuided into Tenements, and ouer against the saide Pie corner lyeth Cocke lane, which runneth downe to Oldbourne Conduite.
twixt the said Newgate and the parish Church of S. Sepulchers is a way towardes Smithfielde, called Guilt spurre, or Knightri
dars streete, of the knights and other riding that way into Smith
fielde, replenished with buildinges on both sides vp to Pie corner, a place so called of such a signe, sometimes a fayre Inne for receipte of Trauellers, but now deuided into Tenements, and ouer against the saide Pie corner lyeth Cocke lane, which runneth downe to Oldbourne Conduite.
Beyond this Pie corner lyeth west Smithfielde,
bout with buildinges, as first on the south side following, the right hand standeth the fayre parish church, and large Hospitall of Saint Bartilmew, founded by Rahere the first Prior of Saint Bartil
mewes thereto neare adioyning, in the yeare 1102.
West Smith
fielde.
compassed afielde.
bout with buildinges, as first on the south side following, the right hand standeth the fayre parish church, and large Hospitall of Saint Bartilmew, founded by Rahere the first Prior of Saint Bartil
mewes thereto neare adioyning, in the yeare 1102.
Alfune (that had not long before builded the parish church of S. Giles without Cripplegate,
became the first Hospitelar, or Proctor for the poore of this house, and went
himselfe dayly to the Shambles and other marketes,
where he begged the charity of deuout people for their releefe, promising to the
liberall giuers, (and that by alledging Testimonies of the holy scripture) reward
at
X
306
at
the hands of God, this Hospital, was since repayred about the yeare 1423.
of the goodes and by the Executors of Richarde VVhitington, sometime
Maior of London, and was gouerned by a Maister, and eight Brethren, being
Priestes for the church, and foure Sisters to see the poore serued.
Sir Iohn VVakering Priest, Maister of this house in the yere 1463.
amongst other bookes gaue to their common Libra
ry the fayrest Bible, that I haue seene written in large velame, by a Brother of that house, named Iohn Coke at the age of 68. yeares, when hee had been Priest 43. yeares, since the spoile of that Library. I haue seene this booke in the custody of my wor
shipfull frend maister, VValter Cope.
ry the fayrest Bible, that I haue seene written in large velame, by a Brother of that house, named Iohn Coke at the age of 68. yeares, when hee had been Priest 43. yeares, since the spoile of that Library. I haue seene this booke in the custody of my wor
shipfull frend maister, VValter Cope.
Monumentes in this Church of the dead, Benefactors ther
unto be these, Elizabeth wife to Adam Hone Gentleman, Bar
tilmew Bildington, Iane wife to Iohn Cooke, Dame Alis wife to Sir Richarde Isham, Alice wife to Nicholas Bayly, Iohn Woodhouse Esquier, Robert Palmar Gentleman, Ido
na wife to Iohn VValden lying by her husband on the North side late newly builded, 1424. Sir Thomas Malifant Baron of Winnow, Lord Sir George in Glamorgan, and Lord Ockene
ton and Pile in the county of Pembroke, 1438. Dame Marga
ret his wife, Daughter to Thomas Astley Esquier, with Ed
mond and Henry his children, William Markeby Gentleman 1438. Richard Shepley, and Alice his wife, Thomas Sauill Sarieant at Armes, Edwarde Beastby Gentleman, and Marga
ret his wife, Walter Ingham and Alienar his wife, Robert War
nar and Alice Lady Carne, Robert Galdfet, Iohan and Ag
nes his wiues, Sir Robert Danuars, and Dame Agnes his wife, daughter to Sir Richarde Delaber, William Brookes Esqui
er, Iohn Sirley Esquier, and Margaret his wife, hauing their pictures of Brasse, in the habite of Pilgrimes on a fayre flat stone with an Epitaph. 1456. Iane Lady Clinton, who gaue ten pound to the poore there, 1458. Agnes Daughter to Sir VVilliam, S. George, Iohn Rogebrooke Esquier, Richarde Surgeon, Thomas Burgan Gentleman, Elizabeth wife to Henry Skinard daughter to Chincroft Esquier, VVilliam Mackeley Gentlman and Alice his wife, VVilliam Fitzwater Gentleman, 1466.
unto be these, Elizabeth wife to Adam Hone Gentleman, Bar
tilmew Bildington, Iane wife to Iohn Cooke, Dame Alis wife to Sir Richarde Isham, Alice wife to Nicholas Bayly, Iohn Woodhouse Esquier, Robert Palmar Gentleman, Ido
na wife to Iohn VValden lying by her husband on the North side late newly builded, 1424. Sir Thomas Malifant Baron of Winnow, Lord Sir George in Glamorgan, and Lord Ockene
ton and Pile in the county of Pembroke, 1438. Dame Marga
ret his wife, Daughter to Thomas Astley Esquier, with Ed
mond and Henry his children, William Markeby Gentleman 1438. Richard Shepley, and Alice his wife, Thomas Sauill Sarieant at Armes, Edwarde Beastby Gentleman, and Marga
ret his wife, Walter Ingham and Alienar his wife, Robert War
nar and Alice Lady Carne, Robert Galdfet, Iohan and Ag
nes his wiues, Sir Robert Danuars, and Dame Agnes his wife, daughter to Sir Richarde Delaber, William Brookes Esqui
er, Iohn Sirley Esquier, and Margaret his wife, hauing their pictures of Brasse, in the habite of Pilgrimes on a fayre flat stone with an Epitaph. 1456. Iane Lady Clinton, who gaue ten pound to the poore there, 1458. Agnes Daughter to Sir VVilliam, S. George, Iohn Rogebrooke Esquier, Richarde Surgeon, Thomas Burgan Gentleman, Elizabeth wife to Henry Skinard daughter to Chincroft Esquier, VVilliam Mackeley Gentlman and Alice his wife, VVilliam Fitzwater Gentleman, 1466.
This
307
This
Hospitall was valued at the suppression in the yeare, 1539. the 31. of Henry the eight
to 35. pounde, six shillinges, 7. pence, yearely. The church remaineth a parish church to the Tenantes dwelling in the precinct of the Hospitall, but in the yeare 1546. on the 13. of Ianuarie, the Bishop of Roche
ster, preaching at Paules Crosse, declared the gift of the said king, to the Citizens for releeuing of the poore, which conteyned the Church of the Gray Fryars, the church of S. Bartilmew with the Hospitall, with all the Messuages and appurtenances in Gilt
spurre, alias Knightridars streete, Breton streete, Petar Kay, in the parish of S. Mary Magdalen, in olde Fishstreete, and in the parish of S. Benet Huda, Lymehurst, or Lymehost, in the Pa
rish of Stebunheth, &c. Then also were orders deuised for releefe of the poore, the inhabitants were al called to their parish churches whereby Sir Richarde Dobbes then Maior their seuerall Alder
men, or other graue Citizens, they were by eloquent orations perswaded how great and how many commodities woulde ensew vnto them and their Citie, if the poore of diuers sorts which they named were taken from out their streets, lanes, and allies, & were bestowed and prouided for in Hospitalles abroade &c. therefore was euery man moued liberally to grant, what they woulde impart, towardes the preparing, and furnishing of such Hospitals & also what they would contribute weekely towardes their main
tenance for a time (which they saide should not be past one yeare or twaine) vntill that they were better furnished of endowment: to make short euery man granted liberally, according to his habi
lity, and bookes were drawne of the releefe in euery warde of the City, towardes the new Hospitalles, and were deliuered by the Maior, to the kinges Commissioners, on the 17. of February, and order was taken therein, so as the 26. of Iuly, in the yeare 1552. the repayring of the Gray Fryars house, for poore father
lesse children, was taken in hand, and also in the latter ende of the same moneth, began the repayring of this Hospitall of S. Bartil
mew, and was of new endowed, and furnished at the charges of the Citizens.
On the east side of this Hospitall, lieth Duke lane,
which run
neth out of Smithfielde south, to the northend of little Bretaine
neth out of Smithfielde south, to the northend of little Bretaine
streete
X2
308
streete. On the east side of this Ducke lane, and also
of Smithfield lyeth the late dissolued Priorie at
S. Bartilmew
founded also by Rahere,
a pleasant witted Gentleman, and therefore in his time called the kinges
Minstrell, aboute the yeare of Chris126t
1102. hee founded it in a part of ye oft befor named
morish ground, which was therefore a common Lay stall of all filth, that was to
bee voyded out of the City, hee placed Canons there, and himselfe became their
first Prior, and so continued till his dying day, and was there buried in a fayre
monument, of late renued by Bolton.
Amongst other memorable matters touching this Priorie, one is of an Archbishops
visitation, which Mathew Paris hath thus. Boniface (sayth hee)
Archbishoppe of Canterbury,
in his Uisitation, came to this Priorie, where being
receiued with Pro
cession, in the most solemne wise, hee saide that he passed not vpon the honor, but came to visite them, to whome the Canons an
wered that they hauing a learned Bishop, ought not in contempt of him, to be visited by any other: which answere so much offen
ded the Archbishop,
uerthrew him backwards, whereby they might see that hee was armed and prepared to fight, the Archbishops men seeing their maister down (being all strangers and their maisters countrimen, borne in Prouence) fell vpon the Chanons, beate them, tare them and trod them vnder feete,
mon
fian, that cruell smiter, hee is no winner of soules, but an exactor of money, whome neither God, nor any lawfull or free election, did bring to this Promotion, but the king did vnlawfully intrude him, being vtterlie vnlearned, a stranger borne and hauing a wife &c. but hee conueyed himselfe ouer, and went to the king with a great complaint, against the Chanons, whereas himselfe was guilty.
cession, in the most solemne wise, hee saide that he passed not vpon the honor, but came to visite them, to whome the Canons an
wered that they hauing a learned Bishop, ought not in contempt of him, to be visited by any other: which answere so much offen
ded the Archbishop,
Words of the Archbishop to the
Prior and Canons.
that hee forthwith fell on the Supprior and smote him
on the face, saying, indeede, indeede doth it become you English Traitors so to
answere mee, thus raging with othes not to bee recited, hee rent in peeces the
rich Cope of the Supprior,
Suppriors cope rent
and trodē vnder foote & himselfe al
most slaine.
and trode it vnder his feete, and thrust him against a
Pillar of the Chancell, with such spirituall violence, that hee had almost killed
him: But the Chanons seeing their Supprior thus almost slaine, came and plucked
off the Archbishop
most slaine.
The Archbi
shop armed & ouerthrowne.
with such force
that they oshop armed & ouerthrowne.
uerthrew him backwards, whereby they might see that hee was armed and prepared to fight, the Archbishops men seeing their maister down (being all strangers and their maisters countrimen, borne in Prouence) fell vpon the Chanons, beate them, tare them and trod them vnder feete,
The Canons beaten and trod vnder
foote.
at length the Canons
The Canons
complayned but could not be heard.
getting away as well as they could,
ran bloody and myry, rent and torne, to the Bishop of London, to
complaine, who bad them goe to the king at Westminster, and tell him thereof, whereupon foure of them went thether,
the rest were not able, they were so sore hurt, but when they came to Westminster, the king would neither heare nor see
them, so they returned without redresse, in the meane season the whole Citie was
in an vprore and ready to haue rung the common
mon
309
mon
bell, and to haue hewed the Archbishop into small peeces, who was secretly crept
to Lambhith, where they sought him and not
knowing him by sight,
The whole ci
tie in an vp
rore against the Arch
bishop.
saide to themselues, where is this
Ruftie in an vp
rore against the Arch
bishop.
fian, that cruell smiter, hee is no winner of soules, but an exactor of money, whome neither God, nor any lawfull or free election, did bring to this Promotion, but the king did vnlawfully intrude him, being vtterlie vnlearned, a stranger borne and hauing a wife &c. but hee conueyed himselfe ouer, and went to the king with a great complaint, against the Chanons, whereas himselfe was guilty.
Bolton
ing, and neare adioyning, hee builded of new the Mannor of Cha
nonbery
ons, which declared that in the yeare of Christ 1524. there should be such Eclipses in watry signes & such coniunctions, that by wa
ters and floudes manye people shoulde perish, people victu
led themselues and went to high groundes for feare of drowning and especiallie one Bolton, which was Prior of S. Bartilmewes in Smithfielde builded him a house vpon Harrow on the hill, one
ly for feare of this floude, thether hee went and made proui
sion of all thinges necessary within him for the space of two mo
nethes &c. but this was not so indeede as I haue beene credibly enformed: true it is that this Bolton, was also Parson of Har127row, and therefore bestowed some small reparations on the Personage house, and builded nothing there more then a Douehouse, to serue him when he had forgon his Priorie.
Bolton last Prlor of S. Bartlmew
a great builder there.
was
the last Prior of this house, a greate builder there: for he repayred the Priorse
church with the parish church adioyning, the offices and lodginges to the saide
Priorie belonging, and neare adioyning, hee builded of new the Mannor of Cha
nonbery
Canonberie.
at Islington which belonged to the Canons of this house, and is situate
in a low ground, somewhat north from the parish Church there, but hee builded no
house at Harrow on the hill, as Edwarde Hall
hath written, following a
fable then on foote. The people (sayeth hee) being feared by Prognostications, which declared that in the yeare of Christ 1524. there should be such Eclipses in watry signes & such coniunctions, that by wa
ters and floudes manye people shoulde perish, people victu
led themselues and went to high groundes for feare of drowning and especiallie one Bolton, which was Prior of S. Bartilmewes in Smithfielde builded him a house vpon Harrow on the hill, one
ly for feare of this floude, thether hee went and made proui
sion of all thinges necessary within him for the space of two mo
nethes &c. but this was not so indeede as I haue beene credibly enformed: true it is that this Bolton, was also Parson of Har127row, and therefore bestowed some small reparations on the Personage house, and builded nothing there more then a Douehouse, to serue him when he had forgon his Priorie.
To this Priorie king Henry the second granted the Priuiledge of a fayre
to bee kept yearely at Bartilmewtide
ars of all England, and Drapers of London repayred, and had their Boothes and standinges within the Churchyarde of this
powdars
Bartilmewfair
for three dayes, to wit, ye Eue, the day, & next morrow, to the which the Clothiars of all England, and Drapers of London repayred, and had their Boothes and standinges within the Churchyarde of this
Priorie
X3
310
Priorie closed in with walles and gates locked euery night, and watched for safety
of mens goodes, and wares, a court of Piepowdars
Court of
Pie
powdars.
was dayly during the Fayre holdē
for debts & contracts. But now in place of Bothes within this Church yarde
(onely letten out in the fayre time) be many large houses builded, and the North
wall towardes Long lane being taken down, a number
of Tenementes are there erected.
powdars.
The monuments of the dead in this Priorie, are these of Ra
here the first founder, Roger VValden Bishoppe of London, 1406. Iohn Warton Gentleman, and Elizabeth his wife, daughter to William Scot Esquier, Iohn Louth Gentleman, Robert Shikeld Gentleman, Sir Bacon knight, Iohn Ludlow, and Alice his wife, VV. Thirlewall Esquier, Rich
arde Lancaster Herralde at Armes, Thomas Torald. Iohn Roiston, Iohn Watforde, Iohn Carleton, Robert sonne to Sir Robert Willowbie, Gilbert Halstocke, Elianor wife to Sir Hugh Fen, mother to Margaret Lady Burgaueny, VVilliam Essex Esquier Richarde Vancke Baron of the Exchequer, and Margaret his wife, daughter to VVilliam de la Riuar, Iohn Winderhall, Iohn Duram Esquier, and Elizabeth his wife, Iohn Malwaine, Alice wife to Balstred daughter to Kniffe, VVilliam Scarlet Esquier, Iohn Golding, Hugh VValter Gentleman, and the late wise and worthy Sir VValter Mild
way knight, Chancelor of the Exchequer &c.
here the first founder, Roger VValden Bishoppe of London, 1406. Iohn Warton Gentleman, and Elizabeth his wife, daughter to William Scot Esquier, Iohn Louth Gentleman, Robert Shikeld Gentleman, Sir Bacon knight, Iohn Ludlow, and Alice his wife, VV. Thirlewall Esquier, Rich
arde Lancaster Herralde at Armes, Thomas Torald. Iohn Roiston, Iohn Watforde, Iohn Carleton, Robert sonne to Sir Robert Willowbie, Gilbert Halstocke, Elianor wife to Sir Hugh Fen, mother to Margaret Lady Burgaueny, VVilliam Essex Esquier Richarde Vancke Baron of the Exchequer, and Margaret his wife, daughter to VVilliam de la Riuar, Iohn Winderhall, Iohn Duram Esquier, and Elizabeth his wife, Iohn Malwaine, Alice wife to Balstred daughter to Kniffe, VVilliam Scarlet Esquier, Iohn Golding, Hugh VValter Gentleman, and the late wise and worthy Sir VValter Mild
way knight, Chancelor of the Exchequer &c.
This Priorie at the late surrender thereof made the 30. of Henry the
eight was valued at 653. £. 15. s̃. by
yeare.
The Church and Bell Tower (hauing six Bels in a Tune) were solde to the parish of S. Sepulchers, and then the church
be
ing pulled downe to the Quire, the Quire was by the kinges or
der annexed for the enlarging of the olde Parish church thereto adioyning, and so was vsed till the raigne of Queene Mary, who gaue it to the Fryars Preachers or Blacke Fryars, and was v
sed as their conuentuall Church, vntill the first of our Soue
raigne Lady Queene Elizabeth, those Fryars were once more put out, and then all the saide church was wholie as it stoode in the last yere of Edwarde the sixt giuen by Parliament to remaine for euer a parish Church for the inhabitantes within the Close called
ing pulled downe to the Quire, the Quire was by the kinges or
der annexed for the enlarging of the olde Parish church thereto adioyning, and so was vsed till the raigne of Queene Mary, who gaue it to the Fryars Preachers or Blacke Fryars, and was v
sed as their conuentuall Church, vntill the first of our Soue
raigne Lady Queene Elizabeth, those Fryars were once more put out, and then all the saide church was wholie as it stoode in the last yere of Edwarde the sixt giuen by Parliament to remaine for euer a parish Church for the inhabitantes within the Close called
greate
311
greate S. Bartilmewes. Since the which
time, that olde Church is pulled down, except the Steeple of rotten timber ready
to fall of it selfe, I haue oft heard it reported that a new steeple should be
builded with the stone of the olde Parish Church, but no such thing is performed,
for it is more easie to pul downe then to set vp and builde. On the North side of
this Priory, is the lane, truelie called Long, which reacheth from Smithfield towards Aldersgate
streete, the rest of Smithfield, from long lane ende to the
Bars is inclosed with Innes, Brewhouses,
and large tenements on the west side is Chicken
lane downe to Cowbridge.
Then be the PensMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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Send information
Pens
in Smith
fieldeMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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or Foldes so called of Sheepe there
parted, and penned vp to be solde, on the market dayes.
fieldeMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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Then is Smithfielde Pond,
Smithfielde pond some time a
Poole.
which of olde time in recordes was called Horse
Poole, for that men watered horses there, and was a
great water. In the 6.
of Henry the fift, a new building was made in this west part of
Smithfielde betwixt the said Poole and the Riuer
of the Wels, or Turnemill
Brooke, in a place (then called the
Elmes,
for that there grew many Elme trees) and this had beene the
place of execution for Offendors: since the which time the building there hath
beene so increased, that now remaineth not one tree growing.
Amongst these new buildinges is Cowbridge streete,
or Cow lane, which turneth toward Oldbourne, in which lane, the Prior of Semperingham
had his Inne or London lodging.
The rest of that west side of Smithfielde, hath
diuers fayre Innes and other comely buildinges vp to Hosiar lane,
Hosiar lane.
which
also turneth downe to Oldbourne, till it meete with
Cowbridge street. From this lane to Cocke lane,
ouer against Pie corner.
And thus much for incrochmentes and inclosure of this Smith
fielde, whereby remaineth but a small portion, for the olde vses, to wit, for marketes of horses and cattle, neither for Militarie exer
cises, and Iustinges,
fielde, whereby remaineth but a small portion, for the olde vses, to wit, for marketes of horses and cattle, neither for Militarie exer
cises, and Iustinges,
Iustinges in Smithfielde.
Turninges, and great triumphes
which haue been there performed before the Princes and Nobilitie both of this
Realme, and Forraigne countries.
But now to returne through Giltspurre streete by
Newgate where I first beganne, there standeth the
faire parish church
ly of one fayre chappell, on the south side of the Quire, as ap
peareth by his Armes, and other monumentes in the glasse win
dowes thereof, and also of the fayre Portch of the same church towardes the South, his Image fayre grauen in stone, was fix
ed ouer the saide Portch, but defaced and beaten downe, his title by offices was this, Chancellor of Normandy, Captain of Ver
noile, Pearch, Susan, and Bayon, and Treasurer of the kinges houshold, hee dyed rich, leauing great Treasure of strange coynes and was buried in the Charterhouse churchMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, by west Smithfield: the first nobilitating of these Pophames was by Mathild the Em
presse, daughter to Henry the first, and by Henry her sonne, one Pophame gentleman of very fayre landes in Southampton shire dyed without issue male, about Henry the sixt, and leauing foure daughters they were maried to Fostar, Barentine, Wodham, & Hamdē, Popham Dean (distant 3. miles from Clarendon, & 3. miles from Motisham) was sometime the cheefe Lordshippe or Mannor house of these Pophames.
parish church of S. Sepulchre
called S.
Sepulchre in the Bayly, or by Chamberlaine
gate in a fayre
church
X4
312
church yarde, though not so large as of olde time, for the same is letten out for
buildinges &c. This church was newly reedified or builded about the
raigne of Henry the sixt,
or of Edwarde the fourth, one of the
Pophames
Pophames builders of S.
Sepulchers Church.
was a great builder there, namely of one fayre chappell, on the south side of the Quire, as ap
peareth by his Armes, and other monumentes in the glasse win
dowes thereof, and also of the fayre Portch of the same church towardes the South, his Image fayre grauen in stone, was fix
ed ouer the saide Portch, but defaced and beaten downe, his title by offices was this, Chancellor of Normandy, Captain of Ver
noile, Pearch, Susan, and Bayon, and Treasurer of the kinges houshold, hee dyed rich, leauing great Treasure of strange coynes and was buried in the Charterhouse churchMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, by west Smithfield: the first nobilitating of these Pophames was by Mathild the Em
presse, daughter to Henry the first, and by Henry her sonne, one Pophame gentleman of very fayre landes in Southampton shire dyed without issue male, about Henry the sixt, and leauing foure daughters they were maried to Fostar, Barentine, Wodham, & Hamdē, Popham Dean (distant 3. miles from Clarendon, & 3. miles from Motisham) was sometime the cheefe Lordshippe or Mannor house of these Pophames.
There lye buried in this Church, William Andrew Esquier, Stephen
Clamparde Esquier, Lawrence Warcam Esquier, Iohn Dagworth,
William Porter, Esquier, Robert Scarlet Esqui
er &c.
er &c.
There lyeth a streete from Newgate west, to the end
of Turn
againe lane, and winding north to Oldbourne Conduite. This Conduite by Oldbourne Crosse was first builded 1498. Thoma
sin Widow to Iohn Perciuall, Maior, gaue to the second ma
king thereof twentie markes, Richarde Shore ten pound, Tho
mas Kensworth and others also did giue towardes it.
againe lane, and winding north to Oldbourne Conduite. This Conduite by Oldbourne Crosse was first builded 1498. Thoma
sin Widow to Iohn Perciuall, Maior, gaue to the second ma
king thereof twentie markes, Richarde Shore ten pound, Tho
mas Kensworth and others also did giue towardes it.
But of late a new Conduite was there builded in place of the olde, namely in the
yeare one
thousand fiue hundrd seauentie sea
uen, by William Lambe sometime a gentleman of the Chap
pell to king Henry the eight, and afterwarde a Cittizen and Clothworker of London, the water thereof hee caused to bee conueyed in Leade, from diuers springes to one heade and from
uen, by William Lambe sometime a gentleman of the Chap
pell to king Henry the eight, and afterwarde a Cittizen and Clothworker of London, the water thereof hee caused to bee conueyed in Leade, from diuers springes to one heade and from
thence
323
thence to the said Conduit, and wast of one Cocke at Oldborne bridge, more then 2000. yards in length, all which was by him
performed at his owne onely charges (amounting to the summe 1500. pound) and by
him finished.
From the west side of this Conduit is the high way there called Snor
hill, stretcheth out by Oldborne bridge ouer the ost named water of Turmill
brooke, and so vp to Oldeborne
hill, all repleni
shed with faire building.
shed with faire building.
Without Oldborne bridge on the right hand is Gold lane, as is afore shewed: vp higher on the hill
be certaine Innes, and other faire buildings, amongst the which of olde time was a
Messuage called Scrops Inne, about the 37. of Henry the
sixt.
Then is the Bishop of Elies
Inne, commonly called Ely
place, for that it pertaineth vnto the Bishops of Ely, the which
Iohn de Hotham Bishoppe of Elie did giue by the name of his
Mannor and sixe tenements in Oldeborne to the Church and couent of Ely, as
appeareth by pattent
Pattent.
of Record,
the 9. of Edwarde the
thirde. This man was 20. yeares Bishop of Elie, and deceased
1336.
Thomas Arundell Bishoppe of Elie beautifully builded of newe his
Pallace at Elie, and likewise his Mannors in diuers places, especially
this in Oldeborne, which he did not onely repaire
but rather new builded, and augmented it with a large Port gate house, or front
towards the stréet or high way: his armes are yet to be discerned in the stone
worke thereof: he also sate Bishop of Ely 14. yeares, and was translated
to Yorke.
In this house for the large and commodious roomes thereof, di
uers great and solemne feastes haue béene kept, especially by the Sergeantes at the law, whereof twaine are to be noted for poste
ritie. The first in the yeare 1464. the fourth of Edward the fourth in Michelmas tearme, the Sergeants
ked to kéepe the state in the hall as it had béene vsed in all places within the Citie and liberties (out of the Kings presence) the Lord Gray of Ruthen, then Lord Treasurer of England, vnwitting the Sergeantes and against their willes (as they said) was first
ted home, and the Mayor made the Aldermen to dine with him: howbeit he and all the Citizens were wonderfully displeased, that he was so dealt with, and the newe Sergeantes and others were right sorie therefore, and had rather then much good (as they said) it had not so happened.
uers great and solemne feastes haue béene kept, especially by the Sergeantes at the law, whereof twaine are to be noted for poste
ritie. The first in the yeare 1464. the fourth of Edward the fourth in Michelmas tearme, the Sergeants
Sergeants feast in Elie
house.
at Law helde their feast in this house, to the which
amongst other estates, Mathew Phillip Mayor of London, with the
Aldermen, Sheriffes, and commons of diuers crafts being inuited did
repaire: but when the Mayor looked to kéepe the state in the hall as it had béene vsed in all places within the Citie and liberties (out of the Kings presence) the Lord Gray of Ruthen, then Lord Treasurer of England, vnwitting the Sergeantes and against their willes (as they said) was first
placed
X5
314
placed: wherevpon the Mayor, Aldermen, and commons departed home, and the Mayor made the Aldermen to dine with him: howbeit he and all the Citizens were wonderfully displeased, that he was so dealt with, and the newe Sergeantes and others were right sorie therefore, and had rather then much good (as they said) it had not so happened.
One other feast was likewise there kept, in the yere 1531. the 23. of king Henry the
8. the Sergeants then made were in num
ber 11. namely, Thomas Audeley, Walter Luke, I. Bawdwine, I. Hinde, Christopher Iennie, I. Dowsell, Edward Meruine, Edmond Knightley, Roger Chomley, Edward Montague, and Roger Yorke.
ber 11. namely, Thomas Audeley, Walter Luke, I. Bawdwine, I. Hinde, Christopher Iennie, I. Dowsell, Edward Meruine, Edmond Knightley, Roger Chomley, Edward Montague, and Roger Yorke.
These also held their feast in this Elie house for fiue daies, to wit,
Fryday the 10. of Nouember, Saterday, Sunday, Munday, and Tuiesday. On Munday (which was their principall day) King Henry
and Quéene Katherine
dined there (but in two chambers) and the forreine Ambassadors in a third chamber.
In the Hall at the high table, sate Sir Nicholas Lambard Mayor of
London, the Iudges, the Barons of the
Exchequer, with certain Aldermen of the Citie: At the boord on the
south side, sate the mai
ster of the Rowles, the maisters of the Chauncerie, and worship
full Citizens: On the North side of the Hall certayne Aldermen began the boorde, and then followed Merchantes of the Citie: in the Cloistrie, Chappell and gallorie, Knights, Esquires and Gen
tlemen were placed: in the halles, the Craftes of London: the Sergeants of Law and their wiues kept in their owne chambers.
ster of the Rowles, the maisters of the Chauncerie, and worship
full Citizens: On the North side of the Hall certayne Aldermen began the boorde, and then followed Merchantes of the Citie: in the Cloistrie, Chappell and gallorie, Knights, Esquires and Gen
tlemen were placed: in the halles, the Craftes of London: the Sergeants of Law and their wiues kept in their owne chambers.
It were tedious to set downe the preparation of fish, flesh, and other victuailes
spent in this feast, and would séeme almost incredi
ble & (as to me it séemeth) wanted little of a feast at a coronation: neuerthelesse a little I will touch, for declaration of the change of prices. There were brought to the slaughter house 24. great Béefes, at 26. shillings, viij.pence the péece from the shambles, one carkasse of an Oxe at 24. s̃. one hundred fat Muttons, ijs̃x.ď the péece, 51. great Ueales at iiij.s̃.viij.ď.the péece: 34. Porkes iij.s̃.viij.ď.the péece, 91. Pigs vj.ď.the péece, Capons of Grece of one Poulter, (for they had thrée) 10. dozens at xxij.pence the peece, Capons of Kent 9. dozens, and sixe at xij.ď.the peece, Ca
pons course 19. dozen at vj.ď.the peece, Cockes of grose 7. dozen
ble & (as to me it séemeth) wanted little of a feast at a coronation: neuerthelesse a little I will touch, for declaration of the change of prices. There were brought to the slaughter house 24. great Béefes, at 26. shillings, viij.pence the péece from the shambles, one carkasse of an Oxe at 24. s̃. one hundred fat Muttons, ijs̃x.ď the péece, 51. great Ueales at iiij.s̃.viij.ď.the péece: 34. Porkes iij.s̃.viij.ď.the péece, 91. Pigs vj.ď.the péece, Capons of Grece of one Poulter, (for they had thrée) 10. dozens at xxij.pence the peece, Capons of Kent 9. dozens, and sixe at xij.ď.the peece, Ca
pons course 19. dozen at vj.ď.the peece, Cockes of grose 7. dozen
and
315
and
nine at viij.ď.the peece, Cockes course 14. dozen and 8. at iij. ď.the peece,
Pullets the best ij ď.ob. other Pullets ij.ď.Pigeous, 37. dozen at x.ď.the dozen,
Swannes 14. dozen, Larkes, 340. dozen at v.ď.the dozen &c. Edward
Neuill was Seneshal or stew128ard, Thomas
Ratcliffe Controwler Thomas Wildon, Clearke of the kitchin.
Next beyond this Mannor of Ely house, is
Lither lane,
turning into the field.
Then is Furniualles Inne,
cerie, but sometime belonging to Sir William Furniuall knight, and Thomasin his wife, who had in Oldborne two Messuages, and 13. shops as appeareth by Record of Richarde the 2. in the sixt of his raigne. Then is the Earle of Bathes Inne,
led Bath place, of late for the most part new builded, and so to the Barres. Now againe from Newgate on the left hand or South side lyeth the Olde Bayly, which runneth downe by the wall vp
on the ditch of the Citie called Hounds ditch to Ludgate: I haue not read how this streete tooke that name, but is like to haue ri
sen of some Court of old time there kept: and I find that in the 34. of Edward the third the tenement and ground vpon Hounds ditch betweene Ludgate on the South, and Newgate on the North was appointed to Iohn Cambridge Fishmonger, Chamberlane
don haue there kept their courts, as now they do by the Guildhal and till this day the Mayor and Iustices of this Cittie kept their sessions in a part thereof, now called the sessions hall,
wards Fléet lane. In this S. Georges lane on the North side ther
of, remaineth yet an old wall of stone inclosing a peece of grounde vp Seacoale lane, wherein by report sometime stoode an Inne of Chauncery: which house being greatly decayed, and standing re
mote from other houses of that profession, the company remo
ued to common hosterie, called of the signe, our Lady Inne, not far from Clements Inne, which they procured from Sir Iohn Fi
neox, Lord chiefe Iustice of the Kings bench, and since haue helde it of the owners by the name of New Inne,
deth south by the prison of the Fleet into Fleetstreete, by Fleete bridge. Lower downe into the Olde Bayly, is at this present a standard of timber with a cocke or cockes, deliuering fayre spring water to the inhabitants, and is the wast of the water, seruing the prisoners in Ludgate.
Furniuals Inne an Inne of
Chauncery.
now an Inne of chauncerie, but sometime belonging to Sir William Furniuall knight, and Thomasin his wife, who had in Oldborne two Messuages, and 13. shops as appeareth by Record of Richarde the 2. in the sixt of his raigne. Then is the Earle of Bathes Inne,
The Earle of Bathes
Inne.
now called Bath place, of late for the most part new builded, and so to the Barres. Now againe from Newgate on the left hand or South side lyeth the Olde Bayly, which runneth downe by the wall vp
on the ditch of the Citie called Hounds ditch to Ludgate: I haue not read how this streete tooke that name, but is like to haue ri
sen of some Court of old time there kept: and I find that in the 34. of Edward the third the tenement and ground vpon Hounds ditch betweene Ludgate on the South, and Newgate on the North was appointed to Iohn Cambridge Fishmonger, Chamberlane
The Cham
berlains house and court in the old Bayly.
of London: whereby
it seemeth that the Chamberlaines of Lonberlains house and court in the old Bayly.
don haue there kept their courts, as now they do by the Guildhal and till this day the Mayor and Iustices of this Cittie kept their sessions in a part thereof, now called the sessions hall,
The Sessions
hall.
both for the cittie of London
and shire of Middlesex. Ouer against the which house on the right hand
tuxneth downe S. Georges lane,
S. Georges lane an
Inne of Chauncery there.
towards Fléet lane. In this S. Georges lane on the North side ther
of, remaineth yet an old wall of stone inclosing a peece of grounde vp Seacoale lane, wherein by report sometime stoode an Inne of Chauncery: which house being greatly decayed, and standing re
mote from other houses of that profession, the company remo
ued to common hosterie, called of the signe, our Lady Inne, not far from Clements Inne, which they procured from Sir Iohn Fi
neox, Lord chiefe Iustice of the Kings bench, and since haue helde it of the owners by the name of New Inne,
Originall
of new Inne, an Inne of
Chauncery.
paying therefore vi.£. rent by
the yeare as tenants at their owne will: for more (as it is
said)
316
said)
cannot be gotten of them, and much lesse wil they be put from it. Beneath this
S. Georges lane, the lane called Fleet lane windeth south by the prison of the Fleet into Fleetstreete, by Fleete bridge. Lower downe into the Olde Bayly, is at this present a standard of timber with a cocke or cockes, deliuering fayre spring water to the inhabitants, and is the wast of the water, seruing the prisoners in Ludgate.
Next out of the high street turneth downe a lane, called the lit
tle Baylie, which runneth downe to the East ende of S. Georges lane. The next is Seacoale lane, I thinke called Limeburners lane, of burning their lime there with Seacole. For I reade in recorde of such a lane to haue beene in the parish of S. Sepulcher, and there yet remaineth in this lane an Alley, called Limeburners Alley. Neere vnto this Seacoale lane in the turning towardes Oldborne Conduit is Turne-againe lane, or rather as in a record of the fift of Edward the third, Windagaine lane, for that it go
eth downe West to Fleete dike, from whence men must turne a
gaine the same way that they came, for there it is stopped. Then the high stréete turneth downe Snor hill, to Oldborne Conduit, and from thence to Oldborne bridge, beyond the which bridge on the left hand is Shooe lane, by the which men passe from Oldborn to Fleetestreete, by the Conduite there. In this Shooe lane on the left hande is one olde house called Oldborne hall, it is now letten out into diuers tenementes. On the other side at the ve
ry corner standeth the parish Church of S. Andrew,
Send information 100. pound, to the poore schollers in Cambridge 100. pound, to the poore schollers in Ox
ford 100. pound, to the prisoners in the two Compters in Lon
don 200. pound, to the prisoners in the Fleet 100. pound, to the
dred pounde, to the prisoners in the White Lion 20. pounde, to the poore of S. Katherines, 20. pounde, and to euery brother and sister there 40.s̃. There was also of olde time (as I haue read in the third of Henry the fift) an Hospital for the poore, which was a cell to the house of Cluny in Fraunce, and was therefore suppressed among the Priories Aliens.
tle Baylie, which runneth downe to the East ende of S. Georges lane. The next is Seacoale lane, I thinke called Limeburners lane, of burning their lime there with Seacole. For I reade in recorde of such a lane to haue beene in the parish of S. Sepulcher, and there yet remaineth in this lane an Alley, called Limeburners Alley. Neere vnto this Seacoale lane in the turning towardes Oldborne Conduit is Turne-againe lane, or rather as in a record of the fift of Edward the third, Windagaine lane, for that it go
eth downe West to Fleete dike, from whence men must turne a
gaine the same way that they came, for there it is stopped. Then the high stréete turneth downe Snor hill, to Oldborne Conduit, and from thence to Oldborne bridge, beyond the which bridge on the left hand is Shooe lane, by the which men passe from Oldborn to Fleetestreete, by the Conduite there. In this Shooe lane on the left hande is one olde house called Oldborne hall, it is now letten out into diuers tenementes. On the other side at the ve
ry corner standeth the parish Church of S. Andrew,
Parish
Church of S. Andrew in Oldborne.
in the
which church or neare therevnto was sometime kept a Grammer schoole
as appeareth in an other place by a Pattent, made as I
haue shewed for the erection of schooles. There bee Monumentes in this Church of
an Earle of Southampton buried there Raph Rokeby, of Lincolnes Inne Esquire, Mayster of S.
Katherines, and one of the Maysters
of Requestes to the Quéenes Maiestie, who deceased the 14. of
Iune 1596. He gaue by his testament to Christs Hospital in Londō 100.£. to the
Colledge of the poore of Queene Elizabeth in East
GreenwichMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information 100. pound, to the poore schollers in Cambridge 100. pound, to the poore schollers in Ox
ford 100. pound, to the prisoners in the two Compters in Lon
don 200. pound, to the prisoners in the Fleet 100. pound, to the
prisoners
317
prisoners in Ludgate 100. pound, to the prisoners in
the Kinges bench 100. pounde, to the prisoners in
the Marshalsey an hundred pounde, to the prisoners in the White Lion 20. pounde, to the poore of S. Katherines, 20. pounde, and to euery brother and sister there 40.s̃. There was also of olde time (as I haue read in the third of Henry the fift) an Hospital for the poore, which was a cell to the house of Cluny in Fraunce, and was therefore suppressed among the Priories Aliens.
From this Church of S. Andrew vp Oldborne hill be diuers fayre builded houses, amongst
this which on the left hande there standeth three Innes of Chauncery, whereof the
first adioyning vnto Crookhorne Alley is
called Thaues Inne & standeth opposite
or ouer against the said Elie house. Then
is Fewter lane which stretcheth south into
Fleetstreet by the East end of S.
Dunstones church, and is so called of Fewterers (or idle people) lying there as in a way
leading to gardens: but the same is nowe of later yeares on both sides builded
with many faire houses.
Beyond the Fewters lane is Barnardes
Inne,
alias Mot
worth Inne, which is the second Inne of Chauncerie, belonging to the Deane and Chapter of Lincolne, as saith the Recorde of Henry the sixt, the 32. of his raigne. Then is Staple Inne the thirde Inne of Chauncery, but whereof so named I am ignorant: the same of late is, for a great part thereof fayre builded, and not a little augmented: and then at the barre endeth this Ward without Newgate.
worth Inne, which is the second Inne of Chauncerie, belonging to the Deane and Chapter of Lincolne, as saith the Recorde of Henry the sixt, the 32. of his raigne. Then is Staple Inne the thirde Inne of Chauncery, but whereof so named I am ignorant: the same of late is, for a great part thereof fayre builded, and not a little augmented: and then at the barre endeth this Ward without Newgate.
But now without Ludgate, on the right hande or North
side from the said gate lyeth the Old Bayly, as I
saide: then the high streete called Ludgate
hill downe to Fleete lane, in
which lane standeth the Fleete, a prison house, so
called of the fleet or water running by it.
I reade that Richard the first in the first of his raigne confir
med to Osbert (brother to William Longshampe Chauncelor of England and elect of Elie) and to his heires for euer the custodie of his house or palace at Westminster, with the keeping of his gaole at London, also King Iohn by his pattent dated by thirde of his raigne, gaue to S. Archdeacon of Welles, the custodie of the saide Kinges house at Westminster, and of his Gaole of the FleeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information,
gether
med to Osbert (brother to William Longshampe Chauncelor of England and elect of Elie) and to his heires for euer the custodie of his house or palace at Westminster, with the keeping of his gaole at London, also King Iohn by his pattent dated by thirde of his raigne, gaue to S. Archdeacon of Welles, the custodie of the saide Kinges house at Westminster, and of his Gaole of the FleeteMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information,
The Fleet
or GaoleMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information in the raigne of Ri
chard the first,
toSend information in the raigne of Ri
chard the first,
gether
Leave-
318
with
the Wardship of the daughter and heyre of Robert Leueland &c. Then
the next is Fléete bridge, pitched ouer the said
water.
Then also against the South end of Shooe lane
standeth a faire water Conduite, whereof William Eastfield sometime
Mayor, was founder: for the Mayor and communaltie of London being
possessed of a Conduit head, with diuers springs of water gathered thereinto in
the parish of Padington, and the water
conueighed from thence by pypes of lead towardes London vnto Teyborne: where it had layne by the space of sixe
yeares and more: The executors of Sir William Eastfield obtained licence
of the Mayor and communaltie, for them in the yeare 1453. with the goodes of
Sir William to conueigh the said waters: first in pipes of lead into a
pipe begun to be laid besides the great Conduit heade at
Maribone, which stretcheth from thence vnto a
seperal late be
fore made against the chappell of RounseuallMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information by Charing crosse, and no further, and then from thence to conuay the said water into the cittie, and there to make receipt or receiptes for the same vnto, for the weale common of the comminaltie, which water was by them brought thus into Fléetstréete to a standarde, which they had made and finished 1471. neere vnto Shooe lane.
fore made against the chappell of RounseuallMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information by Charing crosse, and no further, and then from thence to conuay the said water into the cittie, and there to make receipt or receiptes for the same vnto, for the weale common of the comminaltie, which water was by them brought thus into Fléetstréete to a standarde, which they had made and finished 1471. neere vnto Shooe lane.
The inhabitants of Fleetestréete in the yeare 1478.
obtained licence of the Mayor, Aldermen and communaltie to make at their owne
charges two cesternes, the one to be set at the said standard, the other at Fleet bridge for the receipt of
the wast water: this ce
sterne at the standard they builded, and on the same a fayre tower of stone garnished with images of S. Christopher on the top, & Angels with sweetsounding belles before them, wherevpon by an Engine placed in the tower) they diuers houres of the day, and night, with hammers chymed such an hymne as was appointed.
sterne at the standard they builded, and on the same a fayre tower of stone garnished with images of S. Christopher on the top, & Angels with sweetsounding belles before them, wherevpon by an Engine placed in the tower) they diuers houres of the day, and night, with hammers chymed such an hymne as was appointed.
This conduit or standard was againe new builded with a lar
ger cesterne, at the charges of the cittie in the yeare 1582.
ger cesterne, at the charges of the cittie in the yeare 1582.
From this Conduit vp to Fewters lane and further is
the pa
rish church of S. Dunstan, called in the West, (for difference from S. Dunstone in the east) where lyeth buried T. Duke Skin
ner in S. Katherines chappell by him builded 1421. Raph Bane Bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield 1559. and other.
rish church of S. Dunstan, called in the West, (for difference from S. Dunstone in the east) where lyeth buried T. Duke Skin
ner in S. Katherines chappell by him builded 1421. Raph Bane Bishop of Couentrie and Lichfield 1559. and other.
Next
319
Next beyond this church is Cliffords
Inne,
sometime belonging to Robert Clifforde, after whose death Isabell his wife let the same to students of the law, as by the records following may appeare: Isabell quæ fuit vxor Roberti Clifford, Messuagiū vni partium, quod Robertus Clifford habuit in parochia sci. Dunstoni West. in suburbic Londini, &c. tenuit & illud dimisit post mortem dict. Roberti, apprenticijs de ban
pro x.l.anuatium &c. Anno 18. Eduardi tertij, inquisitis post mortem Reberti Clifford.
This house hath since fallen into the Kings hands, ( as I haue heard) and is now
letten to the said studentes for foure pounde by the yeare.
Somewhat beyond this Cliffords Inne is the South ende
of Newe streete (or Chancelar lane)
on the the right hand where
of is Sergeantes Inne called in Chauncery lane. And then next was sometime the house of the conuerted Iewes, founded by king Henry the third, in the yeare 1233. and the 17. of his raigne, who builded there for them a faire church, now vsed & called the chappel for the custodie of Rolles and records of Chauncerie. It standeth not farre from the olde temple, but in the midway, betwéene the old Temple and the new, in the which house all such Iewes and infi
dels as were conuerted to the Christian faith, were ordayned and appointed (vnder an honest rule of life) sufficient main
tneaunce, whereby it came to passe, that in short time there were gathered a great number of conuerts, which were baptized, instucted in the doctrine of Christ, and there liued, vnder a learned Christian appointed to gouerne them: since the which time, to wit, in the yeare 1290. all the Iewes in England, were banished out of the realme, whereby the number of conuerts in this place was almost decayed: and therefore in the yeare 1377. this house was annexed by Pattent to William Burstall Clearke Custos Rotulorum or kéeper of the Rolles of the Chauncerie by Edward the third in the one and fiftieth yeare of his raigne: and this first Maister of the Rolles was sworne in Westminster hall, at the table of marble stone: since the which time, that house hath beene commonly called the Rolles in Chauncerie lane.
of is Sergeantes Inne called in Chauncery lane. And then next was sometime the house of the conuerted Iewes, founded by king Henry the third, in the yeare 1233. and the 17. of his raigne, who builded there for them a faire church, now vsed & called the chappel for the custodie of Rolles and records of Chauncerie. It standeth not farre from the olde temple, but in the midway, betwéene the old Temple and the new, in the which house all such Iewes and infi
dels as were conuerted to the Christian faith, were ordayned and appointed (vnder an honest rule of life) sufficient main
tneaunce, whereby it came to passe, that in short time there were gathered a great number of conuerts, which were baptized, instucted in the doctrine of Christ, and there liued, vnder a learned Christian appointed to gouerne them: since the which time, to wit, in the yeare 1290. all the Iewes in England, were banished out of the realme, whereby the number of conuerts in this place was almost decayed: and therefore in the yeare 1377. this house was annexed by Pattent to William Burstall Clearke Custos Rotulorum or kéeper of the Rolles of the Chauncerie by Edward the third in the one and fiftieth yeare of his raigne: and this first Maister of the Rolles was sworne in Westminster hall, at the table of marble stone: since the which time, that house hath beene commonly called the Rolles in Chauncerie lane.
Notwith-
320
Notwithstanding such of the Iewes or other Infidels as haue in this realme beene
conuerted to christianity and baptized, haue béen relieued there: for I find in
Recorde, that one William Piers a Iew that became a Christian, was
baptized in the fift of Richard the
second, and had two pence the day allowed him during his life by the
saide king. On the West side sometime was an house pertayning to the Prior of
Necton ParkeMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.Send information
Prior in Nec
ton parke his Inne or houseMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information of the sixe Clearkes.
(a
house of Chanons in Lincolne shire) this was commonly called Hereflete
InneMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.ton parke his Inne or houseMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information of the sixe Clearkes.
Send information, and was a Brewhouse, but now faire builded for the sixe Clearkes of the Chauncerie, and standeth ouer against the saide house, called the Rolles, and neare vnto the lane which now entreth Fickets croft, or Fickets field. Then is Shire lane opening also into Fic
kets field, hard by the barres. On this North side of Fléetstréet, in the yeare of Christ 1595. I obserued, that when the laborers had broken vp the pauement, from against Chauncerie lanes end, vp towards S. Dunstones church, and had digged foure foot déepe, they found one other pauement of hard stone, more sufficient then the first, and therefore harder to be broken, vnder the which they found in the made ground, piles of timber, driuen very thicke and almost close together the same being as blacke as pitch or coale, and many of them rotten as earth, which prooueth that the ground there (as sundry other places of the Cittie) haue beene a marish or full of springes.
Now on the South side from Ludgate be faire builded
houses to Fléete bridge,
on the which bridge a Cesterne for receite of spring water
was made by the men of Fléetestréete, but the wa
tercourse is decaied and not restored.
tercourse is decaied and not restored.
Next is Bridelane, and therein Bridewell, of olde time the Kinges
house:
for the Kinges of this
Realme haue beene there lodged, and their Courtes of lawe haue béene there kept of
olde time, to wit till the ninth of Henry the thirde, the Courtes were kept in the kings
house whersoeuer he was lodged, as may appeare by auncient records, whereof I haue
seene many, but as for exam
ple I haue already set forth one, in the Chapter of Towers and Castels before.
ple I haue already set forth one, in the Chapter of Towers and Castels before.
Liber Burton snper Trenthā fol. 46.
King Henry the eight builded there a stately and beautifull house of new,
for receit of the Emperor Charles the 5. who in the
tingham, Duke of Richmont, and of Somerset, Leiuetenante Generall, from Trent Northwarde, Warden of the East, mid
dle, and West Marches for Anenst Scotland.
yeare
321
yeare
of Christ
1522. was lodged himselfe at the Blacke
Fryars, but his Nobles in this new builded Bridewell, a Gallery being made out of the house ouer the water, and
through the wall of the Cittie into the Emperors lodging, at the Blacke Fryars, king Henry himselfe oftentimes
lodged there also, as namely in the yere 1525. a Parliament being
then holden in the Blacke Fryars, he created
States
States created at Bridewell.
of Nobilitie there, to wit,
Henry Fitz Roy, a childe (which he had by Elizabeth Blunt) to
bee Earle of Nottingham, Duke of Richmont, and of Somerset, Leiuetenante Generall, from Trent Northwarde, Warden of the East, mid
dle, and West Marches for Anenst Scotland.
Henry Courtney, Earle of Deuonshire, Cosen German to the king to bee
Marques of Excester, Henry Brandon a childe of two yeares olde, sonne to
the Earle of Suffolke, to bee Earle of Lincolne: Sir Thomas Mannars,
Lorde Rose, to bee Earle of Rutland, Sir Henry
Glifforde to bee Earle of Comberlaud, Sir Robert
Ratliffe to bée Uicont, Fizwater, and Sir Thomas Boloine
Treasurer of the kinges Householde, to bee Uicont Rochforde.
In the yeare 1528. Cardinall Campeius was brought to
the kinges presence being then at Bridewell, whether
hee had called all his Nobility, Iudges and Councellors &c. And there the
eight of Nouember in his great Chamber he made vnto them an orati
on touching his marriage with Queene Katheren, as yee may read in Edward Hall.
on touching his marriage with Queene Katheren, as yee may read in Edward Hall.
In the yeare 1529. the same king Henry and Queene
Ka
therine were lodged there, whilest the question of their marriage was argued in the Blacke Fryars &c.
therine were lodged there, whilest the question of their marriage was argued in the Blacke Fryars &c.
But now you shall heare how this house became a house of correction. In the yeare
1553. the seauenth of king Edwarde the sixt, the tenth of
Aprill, Sir George Baron (being Maior of
this Citie) was sent for to the Court at White hall, and there at that time the
king gaue vnto him, for the Comminaltie and Citi
zens to bee a Workehouse for the poore
tenance
zens to bee a Workehouse for the poore
Bridewell giuē to the Citie
of London, to be a workehouse for the poore.
and idle persons of the
Citie, his house of Bridewell, and 700. markes
land late of the possessions of the house of the
Sauoy, and all the bedding and other furniture of the saide Hospitall of
the Sauoy towardes the maintenance
tenance
Y
322
of
the saide Workehouse of Bridewell, and the Hospitall of S. Thomas in Southwarke
This gift king Edwarde confirmed by his Charter, da
ted the 26. of Iune next following, and in the yeare 1555. in the moneth of Februarie Sir William Gerrarde Maior and the Al
dermen entred Bridewell, and tooke possession thereof according to the gift of the saide king Edwarde, the same was also confir
med by Queene Mary.
ted the 26. of Iune next following, and in the yeare 1555. in the moneth of Februarie Sir William Gerrarde Maior and the Al
dermen entred Bridewell, and tooke possession thereof according to the gift of the saide king Edwarde, the same was also confir
med by Queene Mary.
The Bishop of S. Dauides
had his Inne ouer against the north
side of this Bridewell (as I haue heard.)
Then is the parish church of S. Bridget
er, Warden of the Fleete aboute the yeare 1480 increased with a large body, and side Isles from the Quire (which of olde time was the whole Church) downe to the west end, all through this Church builded of his charges is wrought in the stone worke, round about both within and without, the figure or likenes of a vine with Clusters of Grapes amongst the leaues &c.
Parish church of S.
Bridget.
or S. Bride,
(as they terme it) now a fayre church, the which William Venor Esquier, Warden of the Fleete aboute the yeare 1480 increased with a large body, and side Isles from the Quire (which of olde time was the whole Church) downe to the west end, all through this Church builded of his charges is wrought in the stone worke, round about both within and without, the figure or likenes of a vine with Clusters of Grapes amongst the leaues &c.
The next is Salisbery court a place so called, for
that it belonged to the Bishops of Salisbery,
and
was their Inne, or London house at such time as they were summond to come to the
Parliament, or came for other busines, it hath of late time beene the
dwelling, first of Sir Richarde Sakeuile, and now of Sir Thomas
Sake
uile, his sonne Baron of Buckhurst, one of her Maiesties most honorable Counsaile.
uile, his sonne Baron of Buckhurst, one of her Maiesties most honorable Counsaile.
Then is Water lane running downe by the west
side of a house called the hanging sworde to the Thames.
Then was the white Fryars church
called Fratres beatæ Mariæ de monte
Carmeli, first founded (saieth Iohn Bale) by Richarde
Gray Auncestor to the Lorde Grey Codnor, in the yeare 1241.
King Edwarde the first gaue to the Prior and Brethren of that house a
plot of grounde, in Fleetestreete, whereupon to
builde their house, which was since reedified or new builded, by Hugh
Courtney, Earle of Deuonshire, about the yere 1350. the 24. of Edwarde the
thirde, Iohn Lufken Maior of London, and the
Comminalty of the Citie granted a lane called Crockars
lane,
reaching from Fleetestreete
so the Thames to
cond and of Henry the fourth, hee deceased at his Mannor of Scone Thorp in Norfolke, in the yeare 1407. and was brought to London, and honorably buried by the Lady Constance his wife, in the body of the said White Fryars church, which hee had newly builded.
builde
323
builde in the west end of that Church, Sir Robert Knoles knight was a
great builder there also in the raigne of Richarde the second and of Henry the fourth, hee deceased at his Mannor of Scone Thorp in Norfolke, in the yeare 1407. and was brought to London, and honorably buried by the Lady Constance his wife, in the body of the said White Fryars church, which hee had newly builded.
Robert Marshall Bishop of Hereforde, builded the Quire, Presbetery
steeple, and many other partes, and was there buried about the yeare 1420.
there lyeth buried also in the new Quire Sir Iohn Mowbery Earle of
Nottingham, Sir Edward Court
ney. Sir Hugh Mongomery, and Sir Iohn his Brother, Iohn VVolle, sonne to Sir Iohn Wolle, Thomas Bayholt Esquier, Elizabeth Countis of Athole, Dame Iohan wife to Sir Tho
mas Say of Alden, Sir Pence Castle Baron, Iohn Lord Gray son to Regnalde L. Gray of Wilton, 1418. Sir Iohn Ludlow knight, Sir Richarde Derois knight, Richarde Gray knight, Iohn Ashley knight, Robert Bristow Esquier, Thomas Per
ry Esquier, Robert Tempest Esquier, William Call, William Neddow.
ney. Sir Hugh Mongomery, and Sir Iohn his Brother, Iohn VVolle, sonne to Sir Iohn Wolle, Thomas Bayholt Esquier, Elizabeth Countis of Athole, Dame Iohan wife to Sir Tho
mas Say of Alden, Sir Pence Castle Baron, Iohn Lord Gray son to Regnalde L. Gray of Wilton, 1418. Sir Iohn Ludlow knight, Sir Richarde Derois knight, Richarde Gray knight, Iohn Ashley knight, Robert Bristow Esquier, Thomas Per
ry Esquier, Robert Tempest Esquier, William Call, William Neddow.
In the olde Quier, lye Dame Margaret &c. Elienor Grist
les, Sir Iohn Brown knight, and Iohn his sonne and heire, Sir Symon de Berforde knight, Peter Wigus Esquier, Robert Mathew Esquier, Sir Iohn Skargel knight, Sir Iohn Norice knight, Sir Geffrey Roose knight, Mathew Hadocke Esquier, Williā Clarel Esquier, Iohn Aprichard Esquier, William Went
worth Esquier,. Thom. Wicham Esquier, Sir Terwhit knight, Sir Stephen Pophā knight, Bastard de Scales, Henry Blunt Esquier, Elizabeth Blunt, Iohn Swan Esquier, Alice Fostar one of ye heires of Sir Stephē Popham, Sir Robert Brocker, knight, Iohn Drayton Esquier, Iohn son to Robert Chanlowes, and his daughter Katherine, Iohn Saluin Esquier, William Hampton Esquier, Iohn Bampton, Esquier, Iohn Wintar Esquier, Ed
mond Oldhall, VVilliam Appleyarde Esquier, Thomas Dabby Esquier, Sir Hugh Courtney knight, Iohn Drury son to Robert Drury, Elizabeth Gemersey Gentlewoman, Sir Tho
mas Townesend knight, Sir Richarde Greene knight, Wil
liam
cher Esquier, Sir William Moris knight, & Dame Christian his wife, Sir Peter, de Mota knight, Richard Hewton Esquier, Sir I. Heron knight, Richarde Eaton Esquier, Hugh Stapleton Gentleman, VVilliam Copley Gentleman, Sir Ralph Saint
wen knight, Sir Hugh Bromeflete, knight, Lord Vessey prin
cipall founder of that order, the sixt of Edward the fourth, &c.
les, Sir Iohn Brown knight, and Iohn his sonne and heire, Sir Symon de Berforde knight, Peter Wigus Esquier, Robert Mathew Esquier, Sir Iohn Skargel knight, Sir Iohn Norice knight, Sir Geffrey Roose knight, Mathew Hadocke Esquier, Williā Clarel Esquier, Iohn Aprichard Esquier, William Went
worth Esquier,. Thom. Wicham Esquier, Sir Terwhit knight, Sir Stephen Pophā knight, Bastard de Scales, Henry Blunt Esquier, Elizabeth Blunt, Iohn Swan Esquier, Alice Fostar one of ye heires of Sir Stephē Popham, Sir Robert Brocker, knight, Iohn Drayton Esquier, Iohn son to Robert Chanlowes, and his daughter Katherine, Iohn Saluin Esquier, William Hampton Esquier, Iohn Bampton, Esquier, Iohn Wintar Esquier, Ed
mond Oldhall, VVilliam Appleyarde Esquier, Thomas Dabby Esquier, Sir Hugh Courtney knight, Iohn Drury son to Robert Drury, Elizabeth Gemersey Gentlewoman, Sir Tho
mas Townesend knight, Sir Richarde Greene knight, Wil
liam
liam
Y2
324
Scot Esquier, Thomas Federinghey, I. Fulforde Esquier,
Edwarde Eldsmere Gentleman, W. Hart Gentleman, Dame Mary
Senelare, daughter to Sir Thomas Talbot knight, Ancher Esquier, Sir William Moris knight, & Dame Christian his wife, Sir Peter, de Mota knight, Richard Hewton Esquier, Sir I. Heron knight, Richarde Eaton Esquier, Hugh Stapleton Gentleman, VVilliam Copley Gentleman, Sir Ralph Saint
wen knight, Sir Hugh Bromeflete, knight, Lord Vessey prin
cipall founder of that order, the sixt of Edward the fourth, &c.
This house was valued at 62.£.7.s̃.3.ď. & was
surrendred the tenth of Nouember, the 30. of Henry the
eight.
In place of this Fryars church bee now many fayre houses builded, lodginges for
noble men and others. Then is the Sar
ieantes Inne, so called for that diuers Iudges and Sarieantes at the Law, keepe a Commons, and are lodged there in Terme times. Next is the New Temple, so called because the Tem
plars before the building of this house, had their Temple in Old
borne. This house was founded by the knightes Templars in England, in the raigne of Henry the second, and the same was de
dicated to God and our blessed Lady, by Heraclius, Patriarke of the Church, called the holy resurrection in Iherusalem, in the yeare of Christ, 1185.
ieantes Inne, so called for that diuers Iudges and Sarieantes at the Law, keepe a Commons, and are lodged there in Terme times. Next is the New Temple, so called because the Tem
plars before the building of this house, had their Temple in Old
borne. This house was founded by the knightes Templars in England, in the raigne of Henry the second, and the same was de
dicated to God and our blessed Lady, by Heraclius, Patriarke of the Church, called the holy resurrection in Iherusalem, in the yeare of Christ, 1185.
These knightes Templars
men, religiously bent, bound by vow themselues in the handes of the Patriarke of Iherusalem, to serue Christ after the manner of Regular Chanons in chastitie & obedience, and to renounce their own proper wils for euer: she first of which order were Hugh Paganus, and Geffery de S. Andomare. And whereas at the first they had no certaine habitation, Baldwin king of Ierusalem, granted vnto them a dwelling place in his Pallace, by the Tem
ple, and the Chanons of the same Temple, gaue them the streete thereby to build there in their houses of office, and the Patriarke, the king, the Nobles, and Prelates: gaue vnto them certaine re
uenewes out of their Lordshippes.
Originall of
the Thmplars.
tooke their beginning about the yeare 1118.
in manner following. Certaine noble men, horsemen, religiously bent, bound by vow themselues in the handes of the Patriarke of Iherusalem, to serue Christ after the manner of Regular Chanons in chastitie & obedience, and to renounce their own proper wils for euer: she first of which order were Hugh Paganus, and Geffery de S. Andomare. And whereas at the first they had no certaine habitation, Baldwin king of Ierusalem, granted vnto them a dwelling place in his Pallace, by the Tem
ple, and the Chanons of the same Temple, gaue them the streete thereby to build there in their houses of office, and the Patriarke, the king, the Nobles, and Prelates: gaue vnto them certaine re
uenewes out of their Lordshippes.
Their first profession
gainst
ter they had a rule appointed vnto them, and a white Habite by Honorius then Pope, and whereas they had been but nine in num
ber, they beganne to increase greatly. Afterwarde in Pope Euge
nius time, they bare crosses of red cloth on their vppermost gar
mentes, to be knowne by from others: and in short time because they had their first mansion hard by the Temple of our Lord in Ierusalem, they were called knightes of the Temple.
Profession of the
Templars.
was for safegarde of the Pilgrimes comming to visite the
Sepulchre and to keepe the high waies against
gainst
325
the
lying in waite of Theeues, &c. About ten yeares after they had a rule appointed vnto them, and a white Habite by Honorius then Pope, and whereas they had been but nine in num
ber, they beganne to increase greatly. Afterwarde in Pope Euge
nius time, they bare crosses of red cloth on their vppermost gar
mentes, to be knowne by from others: and in short time because they had their first mansion hard by the Temple of our Lord in Ierusalem, they were called knightes of the Temple.
Many noble men in all parts of Christendome, became Breth
ren of this order, and builded for themselues Temples in euery ci
tie or great Towne. In England this was their cheise house, which they builded after the forme of the Temple, neare to the sepulchre of our Lord at Ierusalem,
ren of this order, and builded for themselues Temples in euery ci
tie or great Towne. In England this was their cheise house, which they builded after the forme of the Temple, neare to the sepulchre of our Lord at Ierusalem,
Mathew
Paris.
they had also an other Temple in Cambridge, one other in Bristow,
in Canterbury, Douer, Warwicke, & others in other places. This Temple in
London, was often made a storehouse of
mens Treasure, I meane such as feared the spoile there of in other places.
Mathew Paris noteth that in the yeare 1232. Huberte de
Burgh Earle of Kent, being Prisoner in the Tower of London, the king was enformed that
hee had much Treasure layde vp in his new Temple,
vnder the custody of the Templars, whereupon he sent for the maister of the
Temple, and examined him straight
lie, who confessed that money being deliuered vnto him and his Brethren to be kept, he knew not how much there was of it, the king demanded to haue the same deliuered, but it was answered that the money being committed vnto their trust, could not be de
liuered without the licence of him that committed it, to Ecclesi
asticall protection, whereupon the king sent his Treasurer and Iusticiar of the Exchequer vnto Hubert to require him to resigne the money wholy into his handes, who answered that he would gladly submit himselfe, and all his vnto the kinges pleasure, and thereupon desired the knightes of the Temple in his behalfe to present all the keyes vnto the king to doe his pleasure, with the goodes which he had committed vnto them. Then the king com
manded the money to be faithfully tolde and laide vp in his Trea
sure, by Inuentorie, wherein was found (besides readie money) vessels of gold, and siluer vnpraiseable, and many pretious stones
lie, who confessed that money being deliuered vnto him and his Brethren to be kept, he knew not how much there was of it, the king demanded to haue the same deliuered, but it was answered that the money being committed vnto their trust, could not be de
liuered without the licence of him that committed it, to Ecclesi
asticall protection, whereupon the king sent his Treasurer and Iusticiar of the Exchequer vnto Hubert to require him to resigne the money wholy into his handes, who answered that he would gladly submit himselfe, and all his vnto the kinges pleasure, and thereupon desired the knightes of the Temple in his behalfe to present all the keyes vnto the king to doe his pleasure, with the goodes which he had committed vnto them. Then the king com
manded the money to be faithfully tolde and laide vp in his Trea
sure, by Inuentorie, wherein was found (besides readie money) vessels of gold, and siluer vnpraiseable, and many pretious stones
which
Y3
326
which would make al men wonder, if they knew the worth of thē.
This Temple was againe dedicated 1240. belike also new
lie reedified then.
lie reedified then.
These Templars at this time were in so great glorie, that they
entertayned the Nobilitie, forraine Ambassadors, and the Prince himselfe, very
often, insomuch that Mathew Paris crieth out on them for their Pride, who
being at the first so poore, as they had but one horse to serue two of them, (in
tokē whereof they gaue in their Seale,
Seale of
the Templars.
two men riding vpon one horse,) yet
suddainely they waxed so insolent, that they disdayned other orders, and sorted
themselues with Noble men.
King Edwarde the first in the yeare 1163. taking with him
Robert Waleran, and other came to the Temple, where calling for the
Keeper of the Treasure house, as if hee ment to see his mo
thers Iewels, that were laide vp there, to bee safely kept hee en
tred into the house, breaking the Coffers of certaine persons that had likewise brought their money thether, and hee tooke away from thence to the valew of a thousand pound.
thers Iewels, that were laide vp there, to bee safely kept hee en
tred into the house, breaking the Coffers of certaine persons that had likewise brought their money thether, and hee tooke away from thence to the valew of a thousand pound.
Many Parliamentes
of they were accused, but denied all except one or two of them, notwithstanding they all did confesse that they coulde not purge themselues fully, as faultles, and so they were condemned to per
petuall pennance, in seuerall monasteries, where they behaued themselues modestly.
Parliament at the New
Temple.
and great Counsailes haue been there
kept as may appeare by our histories. In the yeare 1308. all the Templars
in England as also in other parts of Christendome were apprehended
and committed to diuers prisons, In 1310. a prouinciall
Counsaile was holden at London against the Templars, in
England, vpon heresie, and other Articles whereof they were accused, but denied all except one or two of them, notwithstanding they all did confesse that they coulde not purge themselues fully, as faultles, and so they were condemned to per
petuall pennance, in seuerall monasteries, where they behaued themselues modestly.
Phillip king of France procured their ouerthrow, throughout the
whole world, and caused them to be condemned
The
order of Templars condemned.
by a generall Counsaile to his
aduantage, as he thought, for he beleeued to haue had all their landes in
France, and therefore seazed the same into his handes, (as I haue
read) caused the Templars to the number of foure and fifty, (or after
Fabian threescore) to bee burned at
Templars bur
ned.
Paris.
ned.
Edward 2. in the yere 1313, gaue vnto Aimor de Valence,
urbes thereof.
Earle
327
Earle of Penbrooke,
the
whole place and houses called the New Temple at
London, with the ground called Ficquetes
Croft,
Pæant.
and all the Tenementes and Rentes with the Appurtenances that
belonged to the Templars in the Citie of London, and Suburbes thereof.
After Aimer de Valence
surping the same held it during his life, by whose death it came a
gaine to the handes of Edwarde the thirde, but in the meane time to wit, 1324. by a Counsaile holden at Vienna, all the landes of the Templars (least the same should be put to prophane vses) were giuen to the knightes Hospitelars of the order of S. Iohn Baptist, called S. Iohn of Iherusalem, which knightes had put the Turke out of the Isle of Rhodes, and after wan vpon the said Turke dayly for a long time.
The Temple giuē to Aimer de Valynce.
(sayeth Some) Hugh Spencer, vsurping the same held it during his life, by whose death it came a
gaine to the handes of Edwarde the thirde, but in the meane time to wit, 1324. by a Counsaile holden at Vienna, all the landes of the Templars (least the same should be put to prophane vses) were giuen to the knightes Hospitelars of the order of S. Iohn Baptist, called S. Iohn of Iherusalem, which knightes had put the Turke out of the Isle of Rhodes, and after wan vpon the said Turke dayly for a long time.
The saide Edward the thirde therefore granted the same to the saide
knightes,
dents of the common Lawes of England: in whose possession the same hath euer sithence remained, and is now diuided into 2. hou
ses of seuerall students, by the name of Innes of Court, to witte, the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple, who keep two seue
ral Hals, but they resort al to ye said Temple Church, in the round walke whereof (which is the West part without the Quire) there remaineth monuments
beleeueing Iewes: the other three straight legged: the rest are coa
ped stones all of gray Marble: the first of the crosse legged was William Marshall the elder Earle of Pembroke, who died 1219. William Marshall, his sonne Earle of Penbroke was the second, he died 1231. and Gilbert Marshall his Brother, Earle of Penbroke, slaine in a Turnement of Hertford, besides Ware, twentie miles from London, was the thirde he died in the
Patent 2. E 3.
who possessed
it,
Clase, 18. E. 3.
and in the eighteenth yeare of the saide kinges raigne, were forced to repayre the
Bridge of the saide Temple. These knightes had their head house for England by
West Smithfielde, and they in the raigne of the same
Edward the third granted (for a certaine rent of x.pound by the yeare)
the said Temple,
The Temple granted to the
Studentes of the Law and made an Inne of
Court.
with the appertenants
therevnto adioyning, to the students of the common Lawes of England: in whose possession the same hath euer sithence remained, and is now diuided into 2. hou
ses of seuerall students, by the name of Innes of Court, to witte, the Inner Temple and the Middle Temple, who keep two seue
ral Hals, but they resort al to ye said Temple Church, in the round walke whereof (which is the West part without the Quire) there remaineth monuments
Monuments in the Temple Images of knightes buri
ed crosse leg
ged the cause why.
of Noble men there buried, to
the number of xi.eight of them are Images of armed Knights, v.lying crosse legged,
as men vowed to the holy land, against the infidels and vned crosse leg
ged the cause why.
beleeueing Iewes: the other three straight legged: the rest are coa
ped stones all of gray Marble: the first of the crosse legged was William Marshall the elder Earle of Pembroke, who died 1219. William Marshall, his sonne Earle of Penbroke was the second, he died 1231. and Gilbert Marshall his Brother, Earle of Penbroke, slaine in a Turnement of Hertford, besides Ware, twentie miles from London, was the thirde he died in the
yeare
Y4
328
yeare 1241.
After this Robert Rose, otherwise called Fursan, being made a
Templar in the yeare 1245. dyed and was buried there, and these are al
that I can remember to haue read of. Sir Nicholas Hare, Maister of the
Roles was buried there in the yere, 1557.
In the yeare 1581. the Rebelles of Essex, and of Kent,
destroyed and plucked downe the houses and lodginges of this Temple, took out of
the Church the bookes & Records
to the streetes, and there brent them, the house they spoiled and brent for wrath, that they bare Sir Robert Halles Lord Prior of S. Iohns in Smithfielde, but it was since againe at diuers times repayred, namely the gate house
pon occasion as in my Annales I haue shewed. The greate hall
Recordes of
the Temple destroyed and burnt.
that were there in Hutches, of the
Apprentizes of the Law, carried them into the streetes, and there brent them, the house they spoiled and brent for wrath, that they bare Sir Robert Halles Lord Prior of S. Iohns in Smithfielde, but it was since againe at diuers times repayred, namely the gate house
Gate house of the
Temple new builded.
of the Middle Temple in the re130igne of Henry
the eight by Sir Amias Paulet knight, vpon occasion as in my Annales I haue shewed. The greate hall
Great hall of
the Temple new builded.
of the Middle Temple, was new builded in the yeare 1572.
in the raigne of our Queene
Elizabeth.
This Temple Church hath a Maister, and foure
Stipendarie, Priestes, with a Clarke, these for the ministration of diuine ser
uice
ons and reuenewes of the late Hospitall and house of S. Iohns of Ierusalem in England, as it had beene in the raigne of Edward the sixt, and thus much for the saide New Temple the farthest west part of this warde, and also of this Citie for the Liberties thereof, which warde hath an Alderman, and his Deputies three: In Sepulchers parish common Counsaile six, Constables foure, Scauengers foure, Wardmote inquest twelue: S. Bridgetes parish, common Councellors eight, Constables eight, Scauen
gers eight, Wardmote inquest, twentie: in S. Androwes common Councell two, Constables two, Scauen
gers three, Wardmote inquest twelue. It is taxed to the fifteen in London, at 35.£. and in the Exchequer at 34.£.20.s̃ .
uice
Order
for di
uine seruice in the Temple
there, haue stipendes allowed vnto them, out of the possessiuine seruice in the Temple
ons and reuenewes of the late Hospitall and house of S. Iohns of Ierusalem in England, as it had beene in the raigne of Edward the sixt, and thus much for the saide New Temple the farthest west part of this warde, and also of this Citie for the Liberties thereof, which warde hath an Alderman, and his Deputies three: In Sepulchers parish common Counsaile six, Constables foure, Scauengers foure, Wardmote inquest twelue: S. Bridgetes parish, common Councellors eight, Constables eight, Scauen
gers eight, Wardmote inquest, twentie: in S. Androwes common Councell two, Constables two, Scauen
gers three, Wardmote inquest twelue. It is taxed to the fifteen in London, at 35.£. and in the Exchequer at 34.£.20.s̃ .
Bridgewarde
329
Bridge ward without (the 26. in num
ber) consisting of the Borough of Southwarke in the Countie of Surrey.
ber) consisting of the Borough of Southwarke in the Countie of Surrey.
HAuing treated of Wardes
in London, on the North side the
Thames (in number 25.) I am now to crosse
ouer the said Riuer into the Bo
rough of Southwarke, which is also a Warde of London, without the walles, on the south side thereof, as is Portsoken on the East, and Faringdon extra on the West.
rough of Southwarke, which is also a Warde of London, without the walles, on the south side thereof, as is Portsoken on the East, and Faringdon extra on the West.
This Borough being in the countie of Surrey, consisteth of diuers
stréetes, wayes, and winding lanes, all full of buildings, in
habited: and first to begin at the West part thereof, ouer against the West suburbe of the Citie.
habited: and first to begin at the West part thereof, ouer against the West suburbe of the Citie.
On the banke of the riuer Thames, there is now a
continuall building of tenementes, about halfe a mile in length to the bridge.
Then from the bridge straight towardes the South a continuall stréete, called long Southwarke, builded on both sides with diuers
lanes and alleyes vp to S. Georges
church, and beyond it
through Blackman stréete, towardes new
towne, (or
Newington) the li
berties of which Borough extend almost to the parish Church of New towne, aforesaid distant one mile from London bridge: and also Southwest almost to Lambith more then one mile from the said bridge. Then from the bridge along by the Thames East
wardes is S. Olaues stréet hauing continuall building on both the sides, with lanes and alleyes vp to Battle bridge, to Horsedowne, and towardes Rother hith: also some good halfe mile in length from London bridge.
berties of which Borough extend almost to the parish Church of New towne, aforesaid distant one mile from London bridge: and also Southwest almost to Lambith more then one mile from the said bridge. Then from the bridge along by the Thames East
wardes is S. Olaues stréet hauing continuall building on both the sides, with lanes and alleyes vp to Battle bridge, to Horsedowne, and towardes Rother hith: also some good halfe mile in length from London bridge.
So that I accompt the whole continual buildings on the banke of the said riuer,
from the West towardes the East to be more then a large mile in length.
Then haue ye from the entring towards the saide Horsedowne one other continuall street called Bermondes eye stréete, which stretcheth South, likewise
furnished with buildings on both sides, almost halfe a mile in length, vp to the
late dissolued Monasterie
of
330
of S.
Sauiour called Bermondsey. And from
thence is one long lane (so called of the length) turning West to Saint
Georges church afore named. Out of the
which late mentioned long lane breaketh one other street towardes the South, and
by East, and this is called Kentish stréet, for that
it is the way leading into that countrey: and so haue you the boundes of this
Borough.
The Antiquities most notable in this Borough are these: first for ecclesiasticall,
there was Beremondsey, an Abbey
An Abbey.
of blacke Monkes, S. Mary Oueries, a Priorie
A Priorie.
of Channons Regular, S. Thomas a colledge or Hospitall
A colledge & Hospitall.
for the poore,
& the Loke a Lazar house in Kent stréet. Parish
churches
A lazar house Parish chur
ches.
there haue béen 6. wherof 5.
do remaine viz. S. Mary
Magdalens in the Priorie of S. Mary Ouerie. Now the
same S. Marie
Ouery is the parish Church for the said
Mary Magdalen, and for S. Margaret on the hill, and is called
S. Sauiour.
ches.
S. Margaret on the hill being put downe, is now a Court for Iustice, S. Thomas in the Hospitall serueth for a
parish Church as afore. S. George a parish
church as before it did: so doeth S. Olaue,
and S. Mary Magdalen by the Abbey of Bermondsey.
There be also these fiue prisons or gaoles.
The Clinke on the banke.
The Marshalsey.
The Kings Bench.
And the White Lyon, all in long Southwarke.
Houses most notable be these.
The Bishop of Rochesters house.
The Duke of Suffolkes house, or Southwarke place.
The Abbot of Hyde his house.
The Bridge house.
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And the Beare gardens there.
Now to returne to the West banke, there be the two Beare
gardens,
nels are there nourished to bait them. These Beares and other beastes are there bayted in plottes of grounde, scaffolded about for the beholders to stand safe.
gardens,
The beare Gardens.
the
old and new places wherein be kept Beares, Bulles, and other beastes, to be
bayted. As also Mastiues in seuerall kenels are there nourished to bait them. These Beares and other beastes are there bayted in plottes of grounde, scaffolded about for the beholders to stand safe.
Next on this banke was sometime the Bordello (or Stewes) a place so
called,
ledge, I haue read thus.
Liber mane script.
of certaine
stew
The stew on the bank side.
houses
priuiledged there, for the repaire of incontinent men to the like women of the
which priuiledge, I haue read thus.
In a Parliament holden at Westminster the
8. of Henry the
second, it was ordayned by the commons and confirmed, by the King and
Lordes, that diuers constitutions for euer should be kept within that Lordship or
franchise, according to the old customes that had béene there vsed time out of
mind. Amongst the which, these following were some, viz. That no stewholder or his
wife should let or stay any single woman to go and come fréely at all times when
they listed.
No stewholder to keepe any woman to borde, but she to borde abroad at her
pleasure.
To take no more for the womans chamber in the wéeke then fourtéene pence.
Not to keepe open his dores vpon the holy daies.
Not to keepe any single woman in his house on the holy daies, but the Bailiefe to
sée them voided out to the Lordship.
No single woman to be kept against her will that would leaue her sinne.
No stewholder to receiue any woman of religion, or any mans wife.
No single woman to take money to lie with any man, but she lie with him all night
till the morrow.
No man to be drawne or inticed into any stewhouse.
The Constables, Bailife, and others euery weeke to search e
uery stewhouse.
uery stewhouse.
No
332
No
Stewholder to keepe any woman that hath the perillous infirmitie of burning, nor
to sell bread, ale, flesh, fish, wood, coale or any victuailes, &c.
These and many more orders were to be obserued, vpon great payne and punishment: I
haue also séene diuers Pattents of con
firmation,
houses
houses had signes
ciled before their death. And therefore there was a plot of ground, (called the single womans Churchyard) appointed for them, farre from the parish Church.
firmation,
LIS. Mary Eborum.
namely one dated 1345. the ninetéenth of Edward
the third. Also I find that in the fourth of Rychard the seconde, these Stewhouses belonging to
VVilliam VValworth then Mayor of London, were farmed by Froes
of Flaunders,
English peo
ple disdained to be baudes: Froes of Flaū
ders were wo
men for that purpose.
and were spoyled by
Walter Teighler, and other rebelles of Kent: Notwithstanding
I finde that ordinances for the the same place, and houses were againe confirmed
in the raigne of Henry the
sixt to be continued as before. Also Robert Fabian
ple disdained to be baudes: Froes of Flaū
ders were wo
men for that purpose.
Robert Fabian.
writeth that in the yeare
1506. the 21. of Henry the seuenth, the said stewehouses
Stewhouses put
downe by Henry the 7. for a time.
in Southwarke were for a
season inhibited, and the dores closed vp, but it was not long (saith he) ere the
houses there were set open againe for so many as were permitted, for (as it was
said) whereas before were eightéene houses, from thenceforth were appointed to be
vsed but twelue onely. These allowed stewhouses had signes
Signes on the
stewhouses.
on their frontes, towardes the Thames, not hanged out, but painted on the walles, as a Beares
heade, the Crosse Keyes,
the Gunne, the Castle, the
Crane, the Cardinals
Hatte, the Bell, the
Swanne, &c. I haue heard auncient men of good
credit report, that these single women were forbidden the rightes of the
Church,
Single women forbidden rightes of the
church.
so long as they continued that sinfull life, and were excluded
from Christian buriall, if they were not reconciled before their death. And therefore there was a plot of ground, (called the single womans Churchyard) appointed for them, farre from the parish Church.
In the yeare of Christ 1546. the 37. of Henry the eight, this row of stewes in Southwarke was put downe
mandement, which was proclaymed by sounde of Trumpet, no more to be priuiledged, and vsed as a common Bordell, but the inhabitantes of the same to keepe good and honest rule as in other places of this realme &c.
Stewhouses put downe.
by the kings commandement, which was proclaymed by sounde of Trumpet, no more to be priuiledged, and vsed as a common Bordell, but the inhabitantes of the same to keepe good and honest rule as in other places of this realme &c.
Then next is the Clinke, a Gayle or prison for the
trespassers in those parts, Namely in old time for such as should brabble, frey,
or
333
breake
the peace on the said banke, or in the Brothell houses, they were by the
inhabitants there about apprehended, and committed to this Gayle, where they were
straightly imprisoned.
Next is the Bishoppe of Winchesters
house,
or lodging, when hee commeth to this Cittie: which house
was first builded by William Gifford, Bishoppe of Winchester,
about the 1107. the seuenth of Henry
the first, vpon a plot of grounde pertayning to the Prior of Bermondsey, as appeareth by a writte directed
vnto the Barons of the Exchequer, in the yeare one thousande thrée hundred
sixtie sixe, the one and fortieth yeare of Edward the third, (the Bishops Sea being
voide) for 8. £. due to the Monkes Bermondsey, for the Bishop of
Winchesters lodging in South
warke. This is a very fayre house well repayred, and hath a large wharfe and landing place called the Bishoppe of Winchesters staires.
warke. This is a very fayre house well repayred, and hath a large wharfe and landing place called the Bishoppe of Winchesters staires.
Adioyning to this on the South side thereof is the Bishoop of Rochesters
Rochester house.
Inne or
lodging by whome first erected, I doe not now remember
mee to haue read, but well I wot the same of long time hath not béene frequented
by any Bishop, and lyeth ruinous for lacke of reparations.
East from the Bishop of Winchesters house
directly ouer against it, standeth a faire Church, called Saynt Mary, ouer the Rye, or Ouerie,
sight, and profites of a crosse ferrie or trauerse ferrie ouer the Thames, there kept before that any bridge was builded. This house of sisters was after by Swithen, a noble Ladie, conuerted vnto a Colledge of Priestes, who in place of the ferrie builded a bridge of timber, and from time to time kept the same in good re
parations, but lastly the same bridge was builded of stone, and then was this church againe founded for Channons Regular, by William Pont de le Arche, and William Dauncy, Knightes, Normans.
S. Mary
Oue
ries a Priorie, and now a parish church.
that is ouer the water. This Church or some other in
place thereof was of olde time (long before the conquest) an house of sisters,
founded by a maiden named Mary, vnto the which house and sisters she left
(as was left to her by her parentes) the ouerries a Priorie, and now a parish church.
sight, and profites of a crosse ferrie or trauerse ferrie ouer the Thames, there kept before that any bridge was builded. This house of sisters was after by Swithen, a noble Ladie, conuerted vnto a Colledge of Priestes, who in place of the ferrie builded a bridge of timber, and from time to time kept the same in good re
parations, but lastly the same bridge was builded of stone, and then was this church againe founded for Channons Regular, by William Pont de le Arche, and William Dauncy, Knightes, Normans.
William Gifford Bishop of Winchester was a good benefactor
also
334
also:
for hee (as some haue noted) builded the bodie of that church in the years 1106.
the seuenth of Henry the
first.
The Cannons first entred the said Church then.
Liber Rufen. Liber Ber
mondsey.
mondsey.
King Stephen confirmed the gift of king Henry, and also gaue the
stone house, which was Williams de Pont le Arche by
Downegate.
This Priorie was burned about the yere 1207. wherefore the
Chanons did found an Hospitall néere vnto their Priorie, where they celebrated
vntill the Priorie was repaired: which Hospitall was after by consent of Peter
de la Roch Bishop of Winchester remoued into the lande of
Anicius Archdeacon of Surrey in the yeare 1228.
a place where the water was more plentifull, and the ayre more holesome, and was
dedicate to S. Thomas.
This Peter de Rupibus,
or de la Roche
founded a large chap
pell of S. Mary Magdalen
pell of S. Mary Magdalen
Parish church of S. Mary
Magdalen.
in the said Church of S. Mary Ouery, which Chappel was
after appointed to be the parish church for the inhabitants neere adioyning.
This Church was againe newly builded, in the raigne of Ri
chard the second and King Henry the fourth.
chard the second and King Henry the fourth.
Iohn Gower
factor to that worke, and was there buried on the North side of the said church vnder a tombe of stone, with his image also of stone lying ouer him: The haire of his heade aburne, long to his shol
ders, but curling vp, a small forked bearde, and on his head a chap
let, like a Coronet of foure Roses, therevpon an habite of purple, damasked downe to his féet, a collar of Esses gold about his necke, vnder his heade the likenesse of thrée bookes, which hee compiled. The first named Speculum Meditantis, written in French: The second Vox clamantis penned in Latine. The third Con
fessio Amantis, set forth in English.
Iohn Gower was no knight neither had he any
garland of Iuie & Roses but a Chaplet of foure Roses onely.
a
learned Gentleman and a famous Poet, (but no knight as some haue mistaken it) was
then as especiall benefactor to that worke, and was there buried on the North side of the said church vnder a tombe of stone, with his image also of stone lying ouer him: The haire of his heade aburne, long to his shol
ders, but curling vp, a small forked bearde, and on his head a chap
let, like a Coronet of foure Roses, therevpon an habite of purple, damasked downe to his féet, a collar of Esses gold about his necke, vnder his heade the likenesse of thrée bookes, which hee compiled. The first named Speculum Meditantis, written in French: The second Vox clamantis penned in Latine. The third Con
fessio Amantis, set forth in English.
This Priorie was surrendred to Henry the eight, the 31. of his raigne, the
27. of October, the yeare of Christ 1539. and was valued at 624.
pounde, sixe shillinges sixe pence by the yeare.
About
334
About
Christmasse next following, the church of the saide Priorie was purchased of the
King by the inhabitantes of the Borough. Doctor Stephen Gardiner Bishop
of Winchester putting to his helping hande, they made thereof a parish
church,
Priorie of S. Marie Ouery made a
parish church.
for the parish church of
S. Mary Magdalen, on the south side of the
said quire, and of S. Margaret on the hill
which were made one parish of S. Sauiour.
There be monumentes in this Church of Robert Liliarde or
Hiliarde Esquire, Margaret daughter to the Ladie
Audley, wife to Sir Thomas Audley, Margaret wife to
William Gre
uell Esquire, and one of the heyres of William Spershut Esquire, William Greuel Esquire, Dame Katherine wife to Iohn Stoke Alderman, Robert Merfin Esquire, William Vndall Esquire, Lord Ospay Ferrar, Sir George Brewes Knight, Iohn Browne, Ladie Brandon, wife to Sir Thomas Brandon, William Lorde Scales, William Earle Warren, Dame Maud wife to Sir Iohn Peach, Lewknor, Dame Margaret Elrington, one of the heires of Sir Thomas Elrington, Iohn Bowden Esquire, Robert, S. Magill, Iohn Sandhurst, Iohn Gower Poet, Iohn Sturton E
squire, Robert Rouse.
uell Esquire, and one of the heyres of William Spershut Esquire, William Greuel Esquire, Dame Katherine wife to Iohn Stoke Alderman, Robert Merfin Esquire, William Vndall Esquire, Lord Ospay Ferrar, Sir George Brewes Knight, Iohn Browne, Ladie Brandon, wife to Sir Thomas Brandon, William Lorde Scales, William Earle Warren, Dame Maud wife to Sir Iohn Peach, Lewknor, Dame Margaret Elrington, one of the heires of Sir Thomas Elrington, Iohn Bowden Esquire, Robert, S. Magill, Iohn Sandhurst, Iohn Gower Poet, Iohn Sturton E
squire, Robert Rouse.
Now passing through S. Mary Ouers close,
(in possession of the Lord
Mountacute) and Pepper Alley
into long Southwarke, on the right hand thereof the
Market hill, where the leather is solde, there stood
the late named parish church of S. Margaret,
S. Margaret on the
hill made a Court of Iustice.
giuen to
S. Mary Oueries by Henry the
first, put downe and ioyned with the parish of S. Mary
Magdaline, and vnited to the late dissolued
Priorie church of S. Mary Ouery.
A part of this parish church of S. Margaret
is now a Court, & wherein the Assises & sessions be kept, and the Court of
Admiraltie
son called the Compter in Southwarke, &c.
Court of Ad
miraltie.
is also there kept. One other part of
the same church is now a primiraltie.
son called the Compter in Southwarke, &c.
Farther vp on that side, almost directly ouer against S. Georges
church was sometime a large and most sumptuous house,
builded by Charles Brandon late Duke of Suffolke, in the raign of Hen
ry the eight, which was called Suffolke house,
terwardes into the Kinges hands, the same was called South
warke place, and a Mint
ry the eight, which was called Suffolke house,
Suffolke
house
but comming afterwardes into the Kinges hands, the same was called South
warke place, and a Mint
A
mint in Southwarke.
of coynage was there kept for the king.
To
336
To this
place came king Edward the sixt, in the seconde of his raigne,
from Hampton Court, and dined in it. He at
which time made Iohn Yorke one of the Sheriffes of London
knight, and then rode through the cittie to Westminster.
Queene Mary gaue this house to Nicholas Heth Archbishop of
Yorke, and to his successors for euer, so be their Inne (or lodg
ing for their repaire to London in recompence of Yorke house neare to Westminster, which King Henry her father had taken from Cardinall Wolsey, and from the sea of Yorke.
ing for their repaire to London in recompence of Yorke house neare to Westminster, which King Henry her father had taken from Cardinall Wolsey, and from the sea of Yorke.
Archbishop Heth hath sold the same house to a merchant, or to certaine
merchants, that pulled it downe, sold the lead, stone, iron &c. And in place
therof builded many small cottages of great rents, to the increasing of beggers in
that Burrough. The Archbishop bought Norwich
house, or Suffolke
place, neere vnto Charing
Crosse, because it was neere vnto the Court, and left it to his suc
cessors. Now on the south side to returne back again towards the bridge. Ouer against this Suffolke lane is the parrish Church of S. George,
cessors. Now on the south side to returne back again towards the bridge. Ouer against this Suffolke lane is the parrish Church of S. George,
Parish church of S.
George.
sometime pertayning to the Priorie of Barmondsey, by the gift of
Thomas Arderne, and Thomas his sonne, in the yeare 1122.
There lie buried in this Church William Kerton Esquire, and his wiues
1464.
Then is the white Lyon a Gaole
White Lion a Gaole for
Surrey.
so called, for that the same was a
common hosterie for the receit of trauellers by that signe: This house was first
vsed as a Gaole within these fortie yeares last, since the which time the
prisoners were once remoued thence to an house in
Newtowne, where they remained for a short time, and
were returned backe again to the foresaid White Lyon,
there to remaine as in the appointed Gaole for the Countie of
Surrey.
Next is the Gaole or prison of the kinges
Benche,
but of what antiquitie the same is I knowe not. For I
haue read that the Courts of the Kings Bench and Chauncery haue oft
times béene remoued from London to other places, and so hath likewise the
Gayles that serue those courtes, as in the yeare 1304, Edwarde
the first commanded the Courtes of the kings Bench and the Ex
chequer, which had remained seuen yeares at Yorke, to be remo
ued to their old places at London. And in the yeare 1387. the 11. of Richard the 2. Robert Trasilian chief Iustice came to ye city of
chequer, which had remained seuen yeares at Yorke, to be remo
ued to their old places at London. And in the yeare 1387. the 11. of Richard the 2. Robert Trasilian chief Iustice came to ye city of
Couentrie
237131
Couentry, and there sate by the space of a moneth, as Iustice of the
kings Benches, and caused to be indighted in that Court, about the number of two
thousand persons of that country, &c.
H.
Kinghlon.
It séemeth therefore, that for that time, the prison or gayle of that court was
not farre off. Also in the yeare 1392. the sixtéenth of the same
Richard, the Archbishop of Yorke, beeing Lord
Chaun
celor, for good will that he bare to his citie, caused the Kings Bench and Chauncery to be remooued from London to Yorke, but ere long they were returned to London.
celor, for good will that he bare to his citie, caused the Kings Bench and Chauncery to be remooued from London to Yorke, but ere long they were returned to London.
Then is the Marshalsey
an other Gayle or prison, so cal
led, as pertayning to the Marshalles of England. Of what con
tinuaunce kept in Southwarke I haue not learned: but like it is, that the same hath beene remoueable, at the pleasure of the Mar
shalles: for I finde, that in the yeare, one thousand thrée hundred seuentie sixe, the fiftieth of Edward the third, Henry Percy (béeing Marshall) kept his prisoners in the citie of London, where hauing committed one Iohn Prendargest, of Norwiche, contrary to the li
berties of the Cittie of London, the citizens (by perswasion of the Lord Fitzwalter132 theyr Standart-bearer) tooke Armour and ranne with great rage to the Marshalles Inne, brake vp the gates, brought out the prisoner, and conueyed him away, minding to haue brent the Stockes in the middest of their citie, but they first sought for sir Henry Percy to haue punished him, as I haue noted in my Annalles.
led, as pertayning to the Marshalles of England. Of what con
tinuaunce kept in Southwarke I haue not learned: but like it is, that the same hath beene remoueable, at the pleasure of the Mar
shalles: for I finde, that in the yeare, one thousand thrée hundred seuentie sixe, the fiftieth of Edward the third, Henry Percy (béeing Marshall) kept his prisoners in the citie of London, where hauing committed one Iohn Prendargest, of Norwiche, contrary to the li
berties of the Cittie of London, the citizens (by perswasion of the Lord Fitzwalter132 theyr Standart-bearer) tooke Armour and ranne with great rage to the Marshalles Inne, brake vp the gates, brought out the prisoner, and conueyed him away, minding to haue brent the Stockes in the middest of their citie, but they first sought for sir Henry Percy to haue punished him, as I haue noted in my Annalles.
More, about the Feast of Easter next following, Iohn Duke of
Lancaster, hauing caused all the whole Nauy of England, to
bee gathered togither at London: It chaunced a certaine Esquire, to kill
one of the ship men, which act, the other shipmen taking in ill part, they brought
their suite into the kings court of the Marshalsey, which then as chaunsed (saith
mine Author) was kept in South
warke: but when they perceiued that Court to bee too fauoura
ble to the murtherer, and further, that the Kings warrant was also gotten for his pardon, they in great furie ranne to the house, wherein the murtherer was imprisoned, brake into it,
ded before them to theyr Shippes, and there in great triumphe they spent the rest of the day.
warke: but when they perceiued that Court to bee too fauoura
ble to the murtherer, and further, that the Kings warrant was also gotten for his pardon, they in great furie ranne to the house, wherein the murtherer was imprisoned, brake into it,
Saylers brake vp the Mar
shalsey.
and brought
forth the prisoner, with his Gyues on his legges: then thrust they a knife to his
heart, and sticked him, as if he had béene a
shalsey.
Hogge
Z
238
Hogge, then after this, they tyed a
rope to his Gyues, and drew him to the gallowes, where when they hanged him, as
though they had done a great act, they caused the Trompettes to bee sounded before them to theyr Shippes, and there in great triumphe they spent the rest of the day.
Also the Rebels of Kent,
ceipt of trauellers, by these signes: the Spurre, Christopher, Bull, Quéenes head, Tabarde, George, Harte, Kings head, &c. Amongst the which, the most auncient, is the Tabard, so called of the signe, which (as we now terme it) is of a Iacquit, or sléeuelesse coat, whole before, opē on both sides, with a square collor, winged at the shoulders: a stately garment of olde time, com
monly worne of Noble men and others, both at home and a
broade in the Warres, but then (to witte in the warres) theyr Armes embrodered, or otherwise depicte vppon them, that euery man by his Coate of Armes might bee knowne from others: but now these Tabardes are onely worne by the Heraults, and bee called their coates of Armes in seruice: For the Inne of the Tabard, Geffrey Chauser
mous Poet of England, in commendation thereof, in the raigne of E. the 3. writeth thus.
Rebels of Kent
brake vp the Marshalsey.
in the yeare 1381.
brake downe the houses of the Marshalsey, and Kings Bench in Southwarke, tooke from thence
the prisoners, brake downe the house of Sir Iohn
Imworth133, then Marshall of the
Marshalsey, and Kings
Bench, &c. After this, in the yeare, 1387.
the eleuenth of Richard
the second, the morrow after Bartholomewe day, the King kept a
great Councell in the Castle of Nottingham, and the Marshalsey of the
King, was then kept at
Lugborough, by the space of sixe dayes or
more. In the yeare 1443. Sir Walter Many was Marshall of the
Marshalsey, the twentie two of Henry the sixt. In the yeare 1504
the prisoners of the Marshalsey (then in Southwarke) brake out, and many of them béeing
taken, were executed, especially such as had béene committed for Felony or
Treason. From thence, towards London
Bridge, on the same side, be many fayre Innes, for receipt of trauellers, by these signes: the Spurre, Christopher, Bull, Quéenes head, Tabarde, George, Harte, Kings head, &c. Amongst the which, the most auncient, is the Tabard, so called of the signe, which (as we now terme it) is of a Iacquit, or sléeuelesse coat, whole before, opē on both sides, with a square collor, winged at the shoulders: a stately garment of olde time, com
monly worne of Noble men and others, both at home and a
broade in the Warres, but then (to witte in the warres) theyr Armes embrodered, or otherwise depicte vppon them, that euery man by his Coate of Armes might bee knowne from others: but now these Tabardes are onely worne by the Heraults, and bee called their coates of Armes in seruice: For the Inne of the Tabard, Geffrey Chauser
Geffrey Chauser.
Esquire, the most famous Poet of England, in commendation thereof, in the raigne of E. the 3. writeth thus.
It befell in that season, on a day,
In Southwarke at the
Tabart, as I lay,
To Canterbury, with full deuout courage:
That night was comen into the Hosterie,
Well nine and twentie, in a companie:
Of sundry folke, by aduenture yfall,
In fellowship, and Pilgrimes were they all,
That toward Canterbury, woulden ride,
The stables and chambers, weren wide
And well we were eased, at the best, &c.
Within this Inne was also the lodging of the Abbot of Hide,
The Abbot of Hide his
lodging.
(by the Citie of
Winchester) a faire house for him and his
traine, when he came to the citie to Parliament, &c.
Then next haue yée the Hospitall of Saint
Thomas,
first foun
ded by Richard Pryor of Bermondsey, in the Selerars ground a
gainst the wall of the Monastery, in the yeare, 1213. hee named it the Almerie, or house of AlmesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, for conuarts and poore children, for the which ground, the Pryor ordained that the Almoner should paye tenne shillings foure pence yearely to the Selerar at Michæl
mas.
ded by Richard Pryor of Bermondsey, in the Selerars ground a
gainst the wall of the Monastery, in the yeare, 1213. hee named it the Almerie, or house of AlmesMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
Send information, for conuarts and poore children, for the which ground, the Pryor ordained that the Almoner should paye tenne shillings foure pence yearely to the Selerar at Michæl
mas.
This Hospitall was againe new founded, by
Peter de Rupi
bous,
where, for the olde Rent to bee payde vnto the sayde Abbot and Co
uent.
bous,
S. Thomas Hospitall
the second time founded.
Bishop of Winchester, for Cannons,
Regular, in place of the first Hospitall: hee increased the rent thereof, to thrée
hundreth fortie foure pound by the yeare: thus was this Hospitall holden of the
Pryor and Abbot of Bermondsey, till the
yeare, one thousand foure hundred twentie eight, at which time a composition
was made betwéene Thomas Thetforde, Abbot of Bermondsey, and Nicholas Buckland, Maister of the sayde
Hospitall of Saint Thomas, for all the landes and Tenements which were
holden, of the sayd Abbot and Couent in Southwarke,
or elsewhere, for the olde Rent to bee payde vnto the sayde Abbot and Co
uent.
There bee the Monuments in this Hospitall Church, of Syr Robert Chamber
Knight, William Fnes, Lord Saye, Richard Chaunar Esquire,
Iohn Gloucestar Esquire, Adam Atwoode E
squire, Iohn Warde Esquire, Michæll Cambridge Esquire, Wil.
man, &c.
squire, Iohn Warde Esquire, Michæll Cambridge Esquire, Wil.
West
Z2
340
West Esquire: Iohn Golding
Esquire: Iohn Benham Gentleman: George Kirks gentlemā:
Thomas Knynton gentleman: Thomas Baker Gentleman:
Robert sonne to sir Thomas Fleming: Agnes Wife to Syr
Walter Dennis Knight, daughter and one of the heires of Syr Robet
Danvars: Iohn Euarey Gentleman, &c.
This Hospitall beeing in the yeare 1220. made to dispend
thrée hundred fortie foure pound by the yeare, was by the visitors, in the yeare
1538. valued at 266. pound seuentéene shillings 6. pence, and was
surrendred to Henry the 8. in the thirtieth of his raigne. In the yeare 1552. the citizens of
London, hauing purchased the voyde suppressed Hospitall, of Saint Thomas in Southwarke, in the
moneth of Iuly, began the reparations thereof, for poore,
impo
tent, lame, and diseased people, so that in the moneth of Nouember next following, the sicke and poore people, were taken in.
tie, his house of Bride-well, and seuen hundred Markes lands, of the Sauoy rents (which Hospitall he had suppressed) with all the beddes, bedding, and other furniture belonging to the same, towards the maintenance of the said workehouse of Bridewell, and of this Hos
pitall of Saint Thomas in Southwarke.
warke.
tent, lame, and diseased people, so that in the moneth of Nouember next following, the sicke and poore people, were taken in.
The 3. foun
dation of S. Thomas Hos
pitall, by the Cititizens of London.
And in the yeare 1553.
on the tenth of April, King Edward the sixt, in the seuenth of his raigne,
gaue to the Mayor, Communaltie, and cittizens of London, to be a
workehouse for the poore and idle persons of the cidation of S. Thomas Hos
pitall, by the Cititizens of London.
tie, his house of Bride-well, and seuen hundred Markes lands, of the Sauoy rents (which Hospitall he had suppressed) with all the beddes, bedding, and other furniture belonging to the same, towards the maintenance of the said workehouse of Bridewell, and of this Hos
pitall of Saint Thomas in Southwarke.
Gift of E. the
6. to the Hos
pitall of S. Thomas in Southwarke.
This gift, the King
confirmed by his Charter, dated the twentie sixe of Iune,
next following, and willed it to be called the Kings
Hospitall in Southpitall of S. Thomas in Southwarke.
warke.
The Church of this Hospitall, which of olde time serued for the Tenements neare
adioyning and pertaining to the said Hospitall, remaineth now as it was before, a
parish church.
But now to come to Saint Olaues stréete: on
the Banke of the riuer of Thames, is the parish church of Saint Olaue,
a fayre
and méetely large church, but a farre larger Parrish, especially of
Aliens or Straungers, and poore people: in which Church, there lyeth
intombed, Syr Iohn Burcettur Knight, 1466.
Ouer against this Parish Church, on the South side the Stréete, was somtime one
great house builded of Stone,
mon hostery for trauellers, and hath to signe, the Walnut-trée. Then East from the said Parish church of Saint Olaue, is a Keye, In the yeare, 1330. by the license of Simond Swanlond, Mayor of London, builded by Isabell widow to Hamond Goodchepe. And next thereunto, was then a great house, of stone and timber, be
longing to the Abbot of Saint Augustin, without the walles of Can
terburie, which was an auncient péece of worke, and séemeth to bee one of the first builded houses on that side the riuer, ouer against the citie: It was called ye Abbots Inne of S. Augustine in Southwarke, and was sometime holden, of the Earles of Warren and Surrey, as appeareth by a déede, made 1281. which I haue read, and may bee Englished thus.
with
341
with arched gates, pertained to the
Prior of Lewes
Prior of lewe his
Inne.
in Suffex, and was his
lodging when hee came to London: it is now a common hostery for trauellers, and hath to signe, the Walnut-trée. Then East from the said Parish church of Saint Olaue, is a Keye, In the yeare, 1330. by the license of Simond Swanlond, Mayor of London, builded by Isabell widow to Hamond Goodchepe. And next thereunto, was then a great house, of stone and timber, be
longing to the Abbot of Saint Augustin, without the walles of Can
terburie, which was an auncient péece of worke, and séemeth to bee one of the first builded houses on that side the riuer, ouer against the citie: It was called ye Abbots Inne of S. Augustine in Southwarke, and was sometime holden, of the Earles of Warren and Surrey, as appeareth by a déede, made 1281. which I haue read, and may bee Englished thus.
Wil. Thorne.
To all to whom this present writing shall come, Iohn Earle
Warren, sendeth gréeting. Know yée, that we haue altogither remi
sed, and quite claymed for vs and our heires for euer, to Nicholas Abbot of Saint Augustines of Canterburie, and the Couent of the same, and their successors, suite to our court of Southwarke, which they owe vnto vs, for all that Messuage and houses thereon builded, and all their appurtenances, which they haue of our Fée in South
warke, scituate vpon the Thames, betwéene the Bridge-house, and church of Saint Olaue. And the said Messuage, with the buildings thereon builded, and all their appurtenances to them and their suc
cessors, we haue graunted in perpetuall almes to hold of vs, and our heires, for the same: sauing the seruice due to any other persons, if any such bee, then to vs: and for this remitte and graunt, the said Abbot and couent, haue giuen vnto vs. 5. shillings of rent yeare
ly in Southwarke, and haue receiued vs and our heires in all bene
fices which shall bee in their church for euer. This suite of Court, one William Graspeis was bound to do to the said Earle, for the said Messuage: and heretofore to acquit in all things, the church of Saint Augustine, against the said Earle.
sed, and quite claymed for vs and our heires for euer, to Nicholas Abbot of Saint Augustines of Canterburie, and the Couent of the same, and their successors, suite to our court of Southwarke, which they owe vnto vs, for all that Messuage and houses thereon builded, and all their appurtenances, which they haue of our Fée in South
warke, scituate vpon the Thames, betwéene the Bridge-house, and church of Saint Olaue. And the said Messuage, with the buildings thereon builded, and all their appurtenances to them and their suc
cessors, we haue graunted in perpetuall almes to hold of vs, and our heires, for the same: sauing the seruice due to any other persons, if any such bee, then to vs: and for this remitte and graunt, the said Abbot and couent, haue giuen vnto vs. 5. shillings of rent yeare
ly in Southwarke, and haue receiued vs and our heires in all bene
fices which shall bee in their church for euer. This suite of Court, one William Graspeis was bound to do to the said Earle, for the said Messuage: and heretofore to acquit in all things, the church of Saint Augustine, against the said Earle.
This house of late time, belonged to Sir Anthony Sentle
gar, then to Warham Sentlegar, &c. And is now called Sentlegar house, but diuided into sundrie tenements. Next is the Bridge
house,
euer
gar, then to Warham Sentlegar, &c. And is now called Sentlegar house, but diuided into sundrie tenements. Next is the Bridge
house,
The Bridge house.
so
called as being a Store house, for stone, timber, or whatsoeuer
euer
Z3
342
pertaining to the building or
repairing of London bridge.
This house séemeth to haue taken beginning, with the first founding of the bridge
either of stone or timber: it is a large plot of ground, on the banque of the
Riuer Thames: containing diuers large buil
dings, for stowage of things necessarie, towards reparation of the said bridge.
dings, for stowage of things necessarie, towards reparation of the said bridge.
There are also diuers Garners, for laying vp of Wheate, and other grayners for
seruice of the Citie, as néede requireth.
theror, then a Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, 1516. gaue by his Testament towards the making of these Ouens, two hundreth pounde, which thing was performed by his Execu
tors. Sir Iohn Munday Goldsmith, then being Mayor: there was of late, for the enlarging of the sayde Bridge-house,
Garners
for corne in the Bridge-house.
Moreouer
there be certaine Ouens builded in number tenne: of which sixe be very large, the
other foure being but halfe so bigge. These were purposely made to bake out the
bread corne of the sayd Grayners, to the best aduantage for reléefe of the poore
Citizens, when néede should require. Sir Iohn Throstone knight, sometime
an Embrotheror, then a Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, 1516. gaue by his Testament towards the making of these Ouens, two hundreth pounde, which thing was performed by his Execu
tors. Sir Iohn Munday Goldsmith, then being Mayor: there was of late, for the enlarging of the sayde Bridge-house,
Ouens
in the Bridge house.
taken in, an olde
Brew-house, called Goldings, which was giuen to the
Citie by George Monex, sometime Mayor, and in place thereof, is now a
faire Brew-house newe builded,
A brew-house
builded in the Bridge-house.
for seruice
of the Cittie with Béere.
Nexte, was the Abbotte Battailes InneMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to
contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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Abbot of
Bar
taile his InneMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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betwixt the Bridge-house, and Battaile Bridge,
likewise on the banque of the riuer of Thames: the
walkes and gardens thereunto appertaining, on the other side of the way, before
the gate of the said house, and was called the Maze:
There is now an Inne, called the Flower de Luce, for
that the signe is thrée Flower de Luces. Much other
buildings of small tenements are thereon builded, replenished with strangers and
other, for the most part poore people.
taile his InneMoEML is still seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please email the MoEML team.
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Then is Battaile bridge,
so
called of Battaile Abbey, for that it standeth on the
ground, and ouer a water course (flowing out of Thames) pertaining to that Abbey, and was therefore both buil
ded and repaired, by the Abbots of that house, as being hard adioy
ning to the Abbots lodging.
ded and repaired, by the Abbots of that house, as being hard adioy
ning to the Abbots lodging.
Beyond this Bridge, is Bermondsey stréete,
turning South,
in
343
in the South end whereof, was sometime a Pryorie, or
Abbey, of Saint Sauior, called Bermonds Eye in Southwarke, founded by
Alwin Childe, a citizen of London, in the yeare, 1081.
Peter, Richard, Obstert, and Vmbalde Monkes, de
Charitate came vnto Bermondsey, in
the yeare 1089. and Peter was made first Pryor there, by appointment of
the Pryor of the house, called Charitie in France: by which
meanes, this Pryorie of Bermondsey (being a
Cell to that in France) was accounted a Pryorie of Aliens. In
the yeare, 1094. deceased Alwine Childe founder of
this house. Then William Rufus gaue to the Moonks, his manor of Bermond
sey, with the appurtenances, and builded for them there, a new great church.
sey, with the appurtenances, and builded for them there, a new great church.
Robert Blewet, Bishop of Lincolne (King Williams
Chan
celor) gaue them the mannor of Charlton, with the appurtenances. Also Geffrey Martell, by the graunt of Geffrey Magdauile, gaue them the land of Halingbury, and the tythe of Alferton, &c.
celor) gaue them the mannor of Charlton, with the appurtenances. Also Geffrey Martell, by the graunt of Geffrey Magdauile, gaue them the land of Halingbury, and the tythe of Alferton, &c.
More, in the yeare 1122. Thomas of Arderne and
Thomas his son, gaue to the Moonks of Bermonds
cond, confirmed to them the hyde or territorie of Southwarke, and Laygham Wadden, with the land of Coleman, &c. In the yeare 1371. the Pryories of Aliens, through out England, being seized into the Kings hands, Richard Denton an English man, was made Pri
or of Bermondsey: To whom was committed the custodie of the said Pryory, by the letters patents of king E. the 3. sauing to ye king, the aduowsons of churches. In the yeare, 1380. the 4. of Richard the 2. this Pryorie was made a Dinison (or frée English) for ye fine of 200.
Hide of South
warke to the Monkes of Bermondsey.
Eye,
the Church of Saint George in
Southwarke, &c. In the yeare,
1165. King Henry the sewarke to the Monkes of Bermondsey.
cond, confirmed to them the hyde or territorie of Southwarke, and Laygham Wadden, with the land of Coleman, &c. In the yeare 1371. the Pryories of Aliens, through out England, being seized into the Kings hands, Richard Denton an English man, was made Pri
or of Bermondsey: To whom was committed the custodie of the said Pryory, by the letters patents of king E. the 3. sauing to ye king, the aduowsons of churches. In the yeare, 1380. the 4. of Richard the 2. this Pryorie was made a Dinison (or frée English) for ye fine of 200.
Bermonds Eye made an Abbey.
Markes,
paide to the kings Hanaper in the Chauncery. In the yeare, 1399.
Iohn Attelborough, Pryor of Bermondsey, was made the first Abbot of that house, by Pope
Boniface the ninth, at the suite of King Richard the
second.
In the yeare, 1417. Thomas Thetforde Abbot of Bermond
sey, held a Plea in the Chauncery against the King, for the manors of Preston, Bermondsey, and Stone, in the Countie of Summerset, in the which suite the Abbot preuailed, and recouered against the King.
sey, held a Plea in the Chauncery against the King, for the manors of Preston, Bermondsey, and Stone, in the Countie of Summerset, in the which suite the Abbot preuailed, and recouered against the King.
In
Z4
344
In the yeare, 1539. this Abbey was
valued to dispend by the yeare, foure hundred seuentie foure pound fouretéene
shillings foure pence halfe penny, and was surrendred to Henry the eight,
the one and thirtieth of his
raigne: the Abbey church was then pulled downe, by sir Thomas Pope Knight, and in place thereof, a good
ly house builded of stone and timber, now pertaining to the Earles of Sussex.
There are buried in that church, Sir William Bowes knight, and Dame
Elizabeth his wife. Sir Thomas Pikeworth Knight: Dame
Anne Audley: George, sonne to Iohn Lord Audley. Iohn
Winkefield Esquire. Sir Nicholas Blonket knight. Dame Brid
get, wife to William Trussell. Holgraue Baron of the Exche
quer, &c.
get, wife to William Trussell. Holgraue Baron of the Exche
quer, &c.
Next vnto this Abbey church, standeth a proper church of S. Mary Magdalē,
neth and serueth as afore, and is called a Parish church.
Pariw Church of Saint Mary
Magdalen.
builded by the Pryors of Bermondsey, seruing for the resort of the
inhabitants, (tenants to the Pryor, or Abbots neare adioyning) there to haue their
diuine seruice: this church remaineth and serueth as afore, and is called a Parish church.
Then in Kent stréete is a Lazer house,
The Loke a Lazar house in Kent
streete.
for Leprous people: called the Loke
in Southwarke: the foundation whereof I finde
not. Now hauing touched diuers principall parts of this Borough, I am to speake
somewhat of gouernment, and so to ende.
This Borough vpon petition made by the citizens of Lon
don,
uers causes, by Parliament, graunted to them for euer, yeelding into the Exchequer the Fée firme, of tenne pound by the yeare: which grant was confirmed by Edward the 3. who in ye third of his raigne, gaue them license to take a tole towards the charge of pauing the said Borough with stone.
don,
Liberties
of Southwarke, farmed by the Citizens of
London.
to Edward the first, in the first yeare of his
raigne, was for diuers causes, by Parliament, graunted to them for euer, yeelding into the Exchequer the Fée firme, of tenne pound by the yeare: which grant was confirmed by Edward the 3. who in ye third of his raigne, gaue them license to take a tole towards the charge of pauing the said Borough with stone.
Southwarke first paued.
Henry the fourth confirmed the graunt of his predecessors: so did
Edward the 4. &c.
But in the yeare 1550. King Edward the 6. for the summe of
sixe hundreth fortie seuen pound two shillings and one penny, payde into his court
of Augmentations, & reuenewes of his crowne, granted to the Mayor and
Communaltie, all his lands & tenements in Southwarke,
sions called Southwarke Place, late the Duke of Suffolkes, and all the gardens and lands to the same appertaining: the Parks
warke,
session of the Archbishop of Canterbury & his sea, in Southwarke. Moreouer for ye sum of 500. Marks, he granted to ye said Mayor and Communaltie, and their successors, in and through the Borough and Towne of Southwarke: And in all the Parishes of S. Sauiour, S. Olaue, and S. George, and the Parish of S. Thomas Hospitall, now called the Kings Hospitall: And elsewhere in the saide Towne and Borough of Southwarke, and Kentish streete, Bermondsey streete, in the Parish of Newington, All Waiffes and streyes, trea
sure troue, All fellons goods, &c. within the Parrishes and precinct aforesaid, &c. The returne of writtes, processes, and warrants, &c. togither with a faire in
ders: A view of Franke pledge, with Attachments, Arrests, &c. Also to arrest all Fellons, and other Malefactors, within their precinct, and send them to Ward, and to Newgate. Prouided that nothing in that graunt should be preiudiciall to the Steward and Marshall of the Kings house. The same premisses to be holden of the Mannor of East Greenwitch, in the Countie of Kent, by fealtie in frée socage. Dated at Westminster the 23. day of Aprill, in the 4. of his raigne. All which was also confirmed by Parliament, &c. And the same year in the Whitson wéeke, in a Court of Aldermen, kept at the Guild-Hall of London, Syr Iohn Aylophe Knight, was sworne the first Alderman of the Bridge Warde without, and made vp the number of 26. Aldermen of London.
Liberties of
Southwarke purchased.
except & reserued
the capitall Messuage, two mansions called Southwarke Place, late the Duke of Suffolkes, and all the gardens and lands to the same appertaining: the Parks
and
345
and the Messuage called the
Antilope. Moreouer, he gaue them the Lordship
and Mannor of Southwark,
The Lordship and Mannor of
Southwarke pertaining to the Monastery of Bermond
sey.
with all members and rights thereof, late pertaining to
the Monastery of Bermondsey. And all
Messuages, places, buildings, rents, Courts, Waffes and streyes, to ye same appertaining, in the Countie of Surrey, except as is
before except. He also granted vnto them, his Manor & Borough of Southsey.
warke,
The Kings Mannor,
Bo
row of South
warke.
with al
the members, rights & appurtenances, late of the posrow of South
warke.
session of the Archbishop of Canterbury & his sea, in Southwarke. Moreouer for ye sum of 500. Marks, he granted to ye said Mayor and Communaltie, and their successors, in and through the Borough and Towne of Southwarke: And in all the Parishes of S. Sauiour, S. Olaue, and S. George, and the Parish of S. Thomas Hospitall, now called the Kings Hospitall: And elsewhere in the saide Towne and Borough of Southwarke, and Kentish streete, Bermondsey streete, in the Parish of Newington, All Waiffes and streyes, trea
sure troue, All fellons goods, &c. within the Parrishes and precinct aforesaid, &c. The returne of writtes, processes, and warrants, &c. togither with a faire in
Faire in South
warke.
the whole Towne, for thrée
dayes: to wit, the 7. 8. and 9. of September, yearly, with a Court of
Pye-powwarke.
ders: A view of Franke pledge, with Attachments, Arrests, &c. Also to arrest all Fellons, and other Malefactors, within their precinct, and send them to Ward, and to Newgate. Prouided that nothing in that graunt should be preiudiciall to the Steward and Marshall of the Kings house. The same premisses to be holden of the Mannor of East Greenwitch, in the Countie of Kent, by fealtie in frée socage. Dated at Westminster the 23. day of Aprill, in the 4. of his raigne. All which was also confirmed by Parliament, &c. And the same year in the Whitson wéeke, in a Court of Aldermen, kept at the Guild-Hall of London, Syr Iohn Aylophe Knight, was sworne the first Alderman of the Bridge Warde without, and made vp the number of 26. Aldermen of London.
Borough of
Southwarke, one of the Wardes of London.
This Borough at a subsidie to ye king, yéeldeth about 1000.
Marks, or 800. pounds, which is more then any one Citie in England pay
eth, except the Citie of London. And also the Muster of men
gers 6. Wardmote Inquest 20. And is taxed to the fiftéen, at 17.li. 17.s.8.d.
eth, except the Citie of London. And also the Muster of men
Muster of men in Southwarke
in this Borough, doth likewise in
number surpasse all other citties, except London. And thus much for the
Borough of Southwarke: one of the 26. Wards of
London: which hath an Alderman. Deputies 3.
and
346
Suburbes without the Walles.
and a Bayliffe. Common
Councell none. Constables 16. Scauingers 6. Wardmote Inquest 20. And is taxed to the fiftéen, at 17.li. 17.s.8.d.
The Suburbes without the Walles of the Citie, briefly touched. As also with
out the Liberties, more at large described.
out the Liberties, more at large described.
HAuing spoken of this citie, the originall, and in
crease, by degrées. The Walls, Gates, Dich, Castles, Towers, Bridges, the Schooles and Houses of learning. Of the Orders and Cu
stomes, Sports and Pastimes. Of the honour of Citizens, and worthinesse of the men. And last of all, how the same Citie. is diuided into parts and Wards. And how the same be boun
ded. And what Monuments of antiquitie, or Ornaments of buil
ding be in euery of thē, as also in the Borough of Southwarke. I am next to speak briefly of the Suburbs, as well without the gates and walles, as without the Liberties. And of the Monuments in them.
crease, by degrées. The Walls, Gates, Dich, Castles, Towers, Bridges, the Schooles and Houses of learning. Of the Orders and Cu
stomes, Sports and Pastimes. Of the honour of Citizens, and worthinesse of the men. And last of all, how the same Citie. is diuided into parts and Wards. And how the same be boun
ded. And what Monuments of antiquitie, or Ornaments of buil
ding be in euery of thē, as also in the Borough of Southwarke. I am next to speak briefly of the Suburbs, as well without the gates and walles, as without the Liberties. And of the Monuments in them.
Concerning the estate of the Suburbs of this Citie, in the raigne of H.
the 2. Eitz Stephens134
hath these words. Upwards
on the West (saith he) is the Kings Pallace, which is an incomparable building,
rising with a Uawmure & Bulwark. Aloft vpon the riuer, two myles from the wall
of the citie, but yet conioyned with a continuall Su
burbe. On all sides, without the houses of the Suburbes, are the ci
tizens Gardens and Orchards, planted with trées, both large, sight
ly, and adioyning togither. On the North side, are pastures, & plaine medows, with brookes running through them, turning water mils, with a pleasant noyse. Not far off, is a great Forrest, A well wodded Chase, hauing good couert for Harts, Buckes, Does, Boores, and wilde bulles. The corne fields are not of a hungry sandie mould, but as the fruitfull fields of Asia: yéelding plentifull encrease, and filling the barnes with corne. There are neare London on the North side, especiall welles in the Subburbes, swéete, holesome, and cleare. A
mongst which, Holywell, Clarkenwell, and S. Clemons well, are
ther a filthy straight passage, with Lanes and Allyes, of small Tenements inhabited by Saylors, and Uictuallers, along by the Riuer of Thames, almost to Radliffe, a good myle from the Tower.
burbe. On all sides, without the houses of the Suburbes, are the ci
tizens Gardens and Orchards, planted with trées, both large, sight
ly, and adioyning togither. On the North side, are pastures, & plaine medows, with brookes running through them, turning water mils, with a pleasant noyse. Not far off, is a great Forrest, A well wodded Chase, hauing good couert for Harts, Buckes, Does, Boores, and wilde bulles. The corne fields are not of a hungry sandie mould, but as the fruitfull fields of Asia: yéelding plentifull encrease, and filling the barnes with corne. There are neare London on the North side, especiall welles in the Subburbes, swéete, holesome, and cleare. A
mongst which, Holywell, Clarkenwell, and S. Clemons well, are
most
347
Subburbes without the Walles.
most famous, and most
frequented, by schollers & youthes of ye citie in Summer
euenings, when they walke forth to take the ayre. Thus farre out of Fitz
Stephen, for the Subburbes at that time.
Libar albo.
The 2. yeare of H. the
3. the Forrest of Midlesex, and the Warren of Stanes
were disaforested: since the which time, the Subburbs about London hath
bin also mightily increased with buildings: for first, to begin in the East, by
the Tower of London,
is the Hospitall of S.
Kathren, founded by Matilde the Quéene, wife to King
Stephen, as is afore shewed in Porsoken Warde, from this Precinct of
Saint Kathren, to Wapping in the Wose, and Wapping it selfe, (the vsuall
place of Execution for the hanging of Pyrates and sea Rouers, at the lowe water
marke, and there to remaine, till thrée Tydes had ouerflowed them) and neuer a
house standing within these fortie yeares, but is now made a continuall stréete,
or rather a filthy straight passage, with Lanes and Allyes, of small Tenements inhabited by Saylors, and Uictuallers, along by the Riuer of Thames, almost to Radliffe, a good myle from the Tower.
Now on the East side, and by North of the Tower, lyeth East-Smithfield, Hogs
stréete, and Tower hill: and East from them both, was the New Abbey called Grace,
founded by Edward the third. From thence towards Radliffe, vp
East Smithfielde, by Nightingale Lane
chard the second, Vila East Smithfield, and Villa de Bramb
ley.
Nightingale
Lane.
(which runneth South by the Hermitage,
The hermitage by S. Kathrēs. Villa Estsmith field and Villa
de Brambly.
to Wapping) to the maner of Brambley, called in the records
of Richard the second, Vila East Smithfield, and Villa de Bramb
ley.
Not farre from thence, of very late, (where of olde time, stoode the mannor of
Shadwell,
longing to the Deane of Powles, there haue béene raised many small Tenements towards Radliffe: and Radliffe it selfe, hath bin so increased in building Eastward (in place where, I haue knowne faire hedges, long rowes of Elme, and other trées) that the same haue now taken hold of Lime hurst, (or Lime hoste it selfe) commonly called Lime house, sometime distant a mile from Radliffe, &c.
Mannor of Shadwell.
belonging to the Deane of Powles, there haue béene raised many small Tenements towards Radliffe: and Radliffe it selfe, hath bin so increased in building Eastward (in place where, I haue knowne faire hedges, long rowes of Elme, and other trées) that the same haue now taken hold of Lime hurst, (or Lime hoste it selfe) commonly called Lime house, sometime distant a mile from Radliffe, &c.
Now for Tower hill:
nished, by incrochments for building of small tenements, and ta
king in of garden plots, timbaryars, or what they list.
all streete) amongst other buildings, was that Abbey of Nunnes, called the Minorities, or Minories, whereof I haue spoken. And on the other side of that stréete, lyeth the Ditche, without the wall of the Citie, from the Tower vnto Aldegate.
Tower Hall without the
Walles.
the plaine there, is likewise greatly diminished, by incrochments for building of small tenements, and ta
king in of garden plots, timbaryars, or what they list.
From
348
Suburbes without the Walles.
From this Tower Hill towards
Aldegate, (being a long continuall streete) amongst other buildings, was that Abbey of Nunnes, called the Minorities, or Minories, whereof I haue spoken. And on the other side of that stréete, lyeth the Ditche, without the wall of the Citie, from the Tower vnto Aldegate.
From Aldegate East,
ing sometimes the beautie of this Citie on that part, is so incroched vpon by building of filthy Cotages, and with other prepesterous like inclosures and Laystalles, (that notwithstanding all Proclamations and Acts of Parliament made to the contrary) that in some places it scarce remaineth a sufficient high way for the méeting of Carriages and droues of Cattel, much lesse is there any faire, pleasant, or whol
some way for people to walk on foote: which is no small blemish to so famous a citie, to haue so vnsauery and vnséemly an entry or passage therunto. Now of white Chaple Church
gin, is now called S. Mary Matfellon, vpon this occasiō following. About the yeare 1428. the 6. of King H. the 6. A deuout Widow
taine Frenchman or Briton borne, which most vnkindly & cruelly, in a night murthered the said widow sléeping in her bed, and after fled with such Iewels & other stuffe of hers as he might carry: but he was so freshly pursued, that for feare he tooke the church of S. George in Southwarke, and challenged priuiledge of Sanctuary there, and so abiured ye Kings land. Then the Constables (hauing charge of him) brought him into London, intending to haue conueyed him East
ward) but so soone as he was come into the Parish, where before he had committed the murther, the wiues cast vpon him so much filth and ordure of the stréete, that (notwithstanding the best resistance
of, the Parish church of S. Buttolphe. Then is the Hospitall of S. Mary of Bethelem, founded by a citizen of London, as before is shewed. Thence vp to the Barres, and to Norton fall gate (a liber
tie so called, belonging to the Deane of Powles. Thence also vp to the late dissolued Priory of S. Iohn Baptist, called Holywell,
fied by Sir Thomas Louell, brought vp in Lincolnes Inne, who builded much there. And in this place, in the raignes of H. the 7. and H. the 8. he endowed this house with faire landes, and was there buried in a large chapple by him builded for that purpose. This Prio
ry was valued at the suppression, to haue of landes 293.li. by yeare, and was surrendred 1539. in the 31. of H. the 8. The church ther
of being pulled downe, many houses haue bene their builded for the lodgings of Noble men, of straungers borne, and other. And neare thereunto, are builded two publique houses for the acting and shewe of Comedies, Tragedies, and Histories, for recreation. Whereof the one is called the Courtein,
Suburbe with
out Aldegate.
againe lyeth a large stréete,
replenished with buildings: to wit, on the North side, the parish church of Saint
Buttolphe, and so other buildings to Hog Lane, and to the Barres on
both the sides. Also without the Barres, both the sides of the stréet be pestered
with Cotages & Allies, euen vp to white Chapple church: and almost halfe a
myle beyond it, into the common field: all which ought to lye open & frée for
all men. But this common field, I say, beout Aldegate.
ing sometimes the beautie of this Citie on that part, is so incroched vpon by building of filthy Cotages, and with other prepesterous like inclosures and Laystalles, (that notwithstanding all Proclamations and Acts of Parliament made to the contrary) that in some places it scarce remaineth a sufficient high way for the méeting of Carriages and droues of Cattel, much lesse is there any faire, pleasant, or whol
some way for people to walk on foote: which is no small blemish to so famous a citie, to haue so vnsauery and vnséemly an entry or passage therunto. Now of white Chaple Church
Of white Chapple.
somwhat, & thē back
again to Aldegate. This church is as it were a chapple of ease, to the parish of
Stebinhithe, and the Parson of Stebinhithe hath the gift
therof: which being first dedicated to the name of God, and the blessed Uirgin, is now called S. Mary Matfellon, vpon this occasiō following. About the yeare 1428. the 6. of King H. the 6. A deuout Widow
A deuout wi
dow murdered
of that parish had
long time cherished, and brought vp of Almes, a cerdow murdered
taine Frenchman or Briton borne, which most vnkindly & cruelly, in a night murthered the said widow sléeping in her bed, and after fled with such Iewels & other stuffe of hers as he might carry: but he was so freshly pursued, that for feare he tooke the church of S. George in Southwarke, and challenged priuiledge of Sanctuary there, and so abiured ye Kings land. Then the Constables (hauing charge of him) brought him into London, intending to haue conueyed him East
ward) but so soone as he was come into the Parish, where before he had committed the murther, the wiues cast vpon him so much filth and ordure of the stréete, that (notwithstanding the best resistance
made
349
Suburbes without the Walles.
made by the Constables,) they
slew him out of hand: And for this fact, that Parish purchased the name of
Mary Mat-fellon. Now againe from Algegate, Northwest to Bishops
gate,
Suburbe with- Bishops gate.
lyeth
Howndes Ditche, and so to Bishops gate. North and by East from Bishops gate, lyeth
a large stréete or high way, hauing on the West side therof, the Parish church of S. Buttolphe. Then is the Hospitall of S. Mary of Bethelem, founded by a citizen of London, as before is shewed. Thence vp to the Barres, and to Norton fall gate (a liber
tie so called, belonging to the Deane of Powles. Thence also vp to the late dissolued Priory of S. Iohn Baptist, called Holywell,
Priory of Saint Iohn
Baptist at Holywell.
a house of Nuns, of olde time founded by a
Bishop of London: reedified by Sir Thomas Louell, brought vp in Lincolnes Inne, who builded much there. And in this place, in the raignes of H. the 7. and H. the 8. he endowed this house with faire landes, and was there buried in a large chapple by him builded for that purpose. This Prio
ry was valued at the suppression, to haue of landes 293.li. by yeare, and was surrendred 1539. in the 31. of H. the 8. The church ther
of being pulled downe, many houses haue bene their builded for the lodgings of Noble men, of straungers borne, and other. And neare thereunto, are builded two publique houses for the acting and shewe of Comedies, Tragedies, and Histories, for recreation. Whereof the one is called the Courtein,
The Courtin.
the other the Theatre:
The Theatre.
both standing on the Southwest side
towards the field.
From Hollywell in the high stréete, is a continuall building of Tenements to Sors
Ditche, or Sewers Ditche, sauing one small side of a fielde, alreadie made a
Gardein plotte. Ouer against the North corner of this field, betwéene it and the
church of S. Leonarde in Soersditch, sometime stood a Crosse, now a
Smithes Forge,
diuiding thrée wayes: foorth right the high way, is
builded vpon either side, more then a good flight shot, towards Kings Land,
Newington, Totenham, &c.
On the left hand is Ealdestréete, which reacheth West to a stone Crosse, ouer
against the North ende of Grubstréete, and so to the end of Goswell stréet. On the
right hand of this Ealdestréete, not farre from Soers Ditch, but on the North side
thereof is Hox
ton,
longing to Powles church in London, but of Soers ditch parish.
ton,
Hoxton.
a long stréete, with houses on both sides,
and is a Prebend belonging to Powles church in London, but of Soers ditch parish.
On
350
Suburbes without the Walles.
On the right hand beyond
Soersditch Church toward Hackney, are some late builded houses vpon the common soyle (for it was a Laystall) belonging to the Parish of Stebinhithe. On the other side of the high way, from Bishopsgate and Hownsditch, the first building is a large Inne for receipt of Trauellers: then a faire house lately builded by the Lorde Iohn Powlet. Next to that, a large house, with Gardens of pleasure, builded by Iasper Eisher. From this vp to the West ende of Hog Lane, is a continuall building of small cottages.
Then was the Hospitall called Saint Mary Spittle, harde within the
Barres, whereof I haue spoken, in Bishopsgate Ward. From the which Barres towards
Soersditch, is all along a conti
nued building of small and base Tenements, for the most part lately erected. Amongst the which (I meane of the auncientest buil
dings) was one rowe of proper small houses
parations) in fewe yeares were so decaied, that it was called Rot
ten Rowe:
ter, Bricklayer, and Playsterer, were by that worke vtterly vn
done. And yet in honour of his name, it is now called Russels Rowe.
nued building of small and base Tenements, for the most part lately erected. Amongst the which (I meane of the auncientest buil
dings) was one rowe of proper small houses
Almes houses in Soersditch.
with Gardens for poore decaied people,
there placed by the Pryor of the saide Hospitall: euery one Tennant whereof, paide
one penny Rent by the yeare at Christmas: and dyned with the Pryor on Christmas
day: but after the suppression of the Hospitall, these houses (for want of reparations) in fewe yeares were so decaied, that it was called Rot
ten Rowe:
Rotten Rowe, or Russel Row.
and the
poore worne out (for there came no new in their place) the houses were solde from
Goddard, to Russell a Draper, who new builded them, and let
them out for Rent inough, taking also large Fines of the Tenants, (which some
thinke to be neare as much as the houses cost him in the purchase, and building:
for he made his bargaines so hardly with all men, that both Carpenter, Bricklayer, and Playsterer, were by that worke vtterly vn
done. And yet in honour of his name, it is now called Russels Rowe.
Now for the Parish of S. Leonards at Soersditch,
the
Arch
deacon of London, is alwaies Parson thereof, and the Cure is ser
ued by a Uicure. In this Church haue bene diuers honourable per
sons buried, as appeareth by their Monuments
withstanding that of late, one Uicure there for couetousnesse of the brasse which he cōuerted into coyned siluer, plucked vp many plates fixed on the graues, and left no memorie of such as had bene buried vnder them: A great iniurie both to the liuing and the dead, forbid
ther of a preposterous zeale, or of a greedie minde, spare not to sa
tisfie themselues, by so wicked meanes.
deacon of London, is alwaies Parson thereof, and the Cure is ser
ued by a Uicure. In this Church haue bene diuers honourable per
sons buried, as appeareth by their Monuments
Monuments defaced.
yet remaining. Notwithstanding that of late, one Uicure there for couetousnesse of the brasse which he cōuerted into coyned siluer, plucked vp many plates fixed on the graues, and left no memorie of such as had bene buried vnder them: A great iniurie both to the liuing and the dead, forbid
den
351
Suburbes without the Walles.
den by publicque proclamation, in the
raigne of our
soueraigne Ladie the Quéene that now is: but not forborne by many, that
eyther of a preposterous zeale, or of a greedie minde, spare not to sa
tisfie themselues, by so wicked meanes.
Now wil I passe through the Hospitall of S. Mary Bethelem, into Moore
fielde, which lyeth without the Posterne called Moore
gate. This field of olde time was called the Moore. As appeareth by the Charter of William Conqueror, to the Colledge of S. Martin: declaring a runnning water to passe into the Citie from the same Moore. Also Fitz Stephen writeth of this Moore, saying thus. When the great Fenne or Moore, which watereth the walles on the North side is frozen, &c. This Fen or Moore field, stretching from the wall of the citie, betwixt Bishopsgate and the Posterne called Criples gate, to Fensberry, and so to Holywell, continued a waste and vnprofi
table grounde, a long time, so that the same was all letten for foure Markes the yeare, in the raigne of Edward the 2. But in the yeare 1415. the 3. of Henry the 5. Thomas Fawconer Mayor, as I haue shewed, caused the wall of the Citie to be broken toward the saide Moore, and builded the Posterne called Mooregate, for the ease of the Citizens, to walke that way vpon Causwayes into the fieldes towards Iseldon and Hoxton. Moreouer, he caused the Ditche of the Citie, and other Ditches thereabout, to be new cast and clensed, by meane whereof, the said Fen or Moore was greatly dreyned and dried. And shortly after, to wit, 1477. Raphe Ioceline Mayor, for repairing of the wall of this Cittie, caused the saide Moore to bee searched for Clay and Bricke to be brent there, &c. by which means this field was made the worse for a long time.
gate. This field of olde time was called the Moore. As appeareth by the Charter of William Conqueror, to the Colledge of S. Martin: declaring a runnning water to passe into the Citie from the same Moore. Also Fitz Stephen writeth of this Moore, saying thus. When the great Fenne or Moore, which watereth the walles on the North side is frozen, &c. This Fen or Moore field, stretching from the wall of the citie, betwixt Bishopsgate and the Posterne called Criples gate, to Fensberry, and so to Holywell, continued a waste and vnprofi
table grounde, a long time, so that the same was all letten for foure Markes the yeare, in the raigne of Edward the 2. But in the yeare 1415. the 3. of Henry the 5. Thomas Fawconer Mayor, as I haue shewed, caused the wall of the Citie to be broken toward the saide Moore, and builded the Posterne called Mooregate, for the ease of the Citizens, to walke that way vpon Causwayes into the fieldes towards Iseldon and Hoxton. Moreouer, he caused the Ditche of the Citie, and other Ditches thereabout, to be new cast and clensed, by meane whereof, the said Fen or Moore was greatly dreyned and dried. And shortly after, to wit, 1477. Raphe Ioceline Mayor, for repairing of the wall of this Cittie, caused the saide Moore to bee searched for Clay and Bricke to be brent there, &c. by which means this field was made the worse for a long time.
In the yeare 1498. all the Gardens which had continued time out
of minde, without Mooregate,
to wit, about, and
beyond the Lordship of Fensberry, were destroyed. And of them was made a
plaine field for Archers so shoote in. And in the yeare 1512. Roger
Archley Mayor, caused diuers Dikes to be cast, and made to drene the
waters of the saide Moore fields,
led vp, and the bridges ouerwhelmed.
Ditches cast to
dreine the Moore Field.
with Bridges Arched ouer them, and the grounds
about to be leuelled, whereby the saide fielde was made somewhat more commodious,
but yet it stood full of noysome waters: Wherepon in the yeare 1527.
Sir
352
Suburbes without the Walles.
Sir Thomas Semor
Mayor, caused diuers Slewces
Slewces to conuey
the standing water out of the Moore.
to be made, to conuey the sayde
waters, ouer the Towne Ditch, into the course of Walbrooke, and so into the
Thames: and by these degrees, was this Fenne or Moore, at length made maine and
hard ground, which before béeing ouergrowne with Flagges, Sedges, & Rushes,
serued to no vse, since the which time, also the further groundes beyond Fensbury
Court, haue béene so ouerheigthned with Laystalles of Doong, that now thrée
windmilles are thereon:
the
ditches be filled vp, and the bridges ouerwhelmed.
And now concerning the inclosures of common grounds about this citie: Edward
Hall setteth downe a note of his time, to wit, in the 5. or rather the sixt of
Henry the
eight. Before this
time saith he, the inhabitants of the Townes about London, as
Iseldone, Hox
ton, Shorsdich and others, had so inclosed the common fieldes with hedges, and diches, that neither the young men of the citie might shoote, nor the auncient persons walke for their pleasures in those fieldes, but that eyther their Bowes and Arrowes were taken a
way or broken, or the honest persons arested or indighted: Saying, that no Londoner ought to goe out of the Cittie, but in the high wayes. This saying so greeued the Londoners, that suddainly this yeare, a great number of the Citie, assembled themselues in a mor
ning, and a Turner in a fooles coate, came crying through the cittie, shouelles and spades, shouelles and spades: so many of the people followed, that it was a woonder to behold: and within a short space al the hedges
men. The kings counsaile hearing of this assembly, came to the gray Fryers, and sent for the Mayor, and councell of the citie, to know the cause, which declared to them, the iniurie and annoying done to the citizens, and to their liberties, which though they would not séeke disorderly to redresse, yet the communaltie and young persons could not be stayed, thus to remedy the same: whē the kings counsaile had heard their answer, they dissimuled the matter, and commanded the Mayor to sée that no other thing were attempted, but that they should forthwith call home the yoonger sort: who hauing spée
dily atchieued their desire, returned home before the Kings Councell, and the Mayor departed without more harme,
ferment of the common commoditie of this our Citie.
ton, Shorsdich and others, had so inclosed the common fieldes with hedges, and diches, that neither the young men of the citie might shoote, nor the auncient persons walke for their pleasures in those fieldes, but that eyther their Bowes and Arrowes were taken a
way or broken, or the honest persons arested or indighted: Saying, that no Londoner ought to goe out of the Cittie, but in the high wayes. This saying so greeued the Londoners, that suddainly this yeare, a great number of the Citie, assembled themselues in a mor
ning, and a Turner in a fooles coate, came crying through the cittie, shouelles and spades, shouelles and spades: so many of the people followed, that it was a woonder to behold: and within a short space al the hedges
Hedges pulled downe and diches filled vp.
about the
Citie were cast downe, and the diches filled vp, and euery thing made plaine, such
was the diligence of these workemen. The kings counsaile hearing of this assembly, came to the gray Fryers, and sent for the Mayor, and councell of the citie, to know the cause, which declared to them, the iniurie and annoying done to the citizens, and to their liberties, which though they would not séeke disorderly to redresse, yet the communaltie and young persons could not be stayed, thus to remedy the same: whē the kings counsaile had heard their answer, they dissimuled the matter, and commanded the Mayor to sée that no other thing were attempted, but that they should forthwith call home the yoonger sort: who hauing spée
dily atchieued their desire, returned home before the Kings Councell, and the Mayor departed without more harme,
after
353
Suburbes without the walles.
after which time (saieth
Hall,) these fieldes were neuer hedged, but now wee see the thing in
worse case then euer, before it was by the meanes of inclosure for gardens,
Banqueting houses like Banqueroutes bearing great
shew and little worth.
wherein are builded many fayre Sommer houses, and
as in other places of the Suburbes, some of them like Midsommer Pageants, with
Towers, Turrets and Chimney tops, not so much for vse, or profites, as for shew
and pleasure, bewraying the vanitie of many mens mindes, much vnlike to ye dispositiō of the ancient Citizens, who delighted in the
building of Hospitalles, and Almes houses for the poore and therein both imployed
their wits, and spent their wealthes in preferment of the common commoditie of this our Citie.
But to come backe againe to Moregate and from thence west through a narrow lane
called the Posterne, because it hath at eyther ende a dore to bee shut in the
night season, betwixt the More ditch inclosed with bricke for Teyntar yards, and
the Gar
dens of the said More fielde, to More lane: a parte of the Sub
urbe, without Criples gate,
dens of the said More fielde, to More lane: a parte of the Sub
urbe, without Criples gate,
Suburbe with
out Cripple gate.
and without this Posterne
called Criples gate, also lay a part of the saide More euen to the riuer of the
Wels (as in another place I haue shewed) and no houses were there builded, till
the later ende of the raigne of William
the Conqueror and the raigne of his sonne William Rufus, aboute
which times some few houses being there builded along east and west thwart before
the saide gate. One Alfune builded for the Inhabitants a parish Church
which is of S. Gilesout Cripple gate.
Parish church of S.
Giles.
somewhat west from the saide gate, on the banke of the Towne
ditch, and so was there a streete since called Forstreete, as standing before the
gate.
This Alfune
in the raigne of Henry
the first became the first Hospitaler of S. Bartilmewes Hospital in
Smithfielde, as in a
nother place I haue noted. And this Parish church of S. Giles being at the first a smal thing stoode in place where now standeth the Uicarage house: but hath beene since at diuers times much enlarged according as the parish hath encreased, and was at the length newly builded in place where now it, standeth. But the same new church being large, stronglie builded and richly furnish
ed with ornamentes, was in the yeare 1545. sore brent and con
sumed, notwithstanding it was againe within a short space of
nother place I haue noted. And this Parish church of S. Giles being at the first a smal thing stoode in place where now standeth the Uicarage house: but hath beene since at diuers times much enlarged according as the parish hath encreased, and was at the length newly builded in place where now it, standeth. But the same new church being large, stronglie builded and richly furnish
ed with ornamentes, was in the yeare 1545. sore brent and con
sumed, notwithstanding it was againe within a short space of
time
Aa
354
Suburbes without the walles.
time restored as now it
sheweth.
Some little distance from the east end of this Church, standeth a fayre Conduite
castellated in Forstreete. Then had yee a Bosse of sweete water in the wall of the
Church yarde now lately made a Pumpe, but already decayed.
Then had yee a fayre Poole of sweete water neare to the Church of S.
Giles wherein Anne of Lodbery was drowned as I haue before
declared.
In the east end of Forestreete is More lane, then next is Grubstreete, of late
yeares inhabited (for the most part by Bow
yers, Fletchers, Bowstring makers, and such like, occupations, now little occupied, Archerie giuing place to a number of Bow
ling Allies and dycing houses in all places are increased, and too much frequented.
yers, Fletchers, Bowstring makers, and such like, occupations, now little occupied, Archerie giuing place to a number of Bow
ling Allies and dycing houses in all places are increased, and too much frequented.
This streete stretcheth north to Euerades well streete which thwarteth it to White
Crosse streete, the next from Forestreete North is White Crosse streete, likewise
extending it selfe vp to the west end of Euerades well streete, and from the ende
thereof to Ealdstreete.
From the west ende of Forstreete lyeth Red crosse street from the which Crosse on
the right hand east lyeth Bech lane, and reacheth to the White crosse street. From
that Crosse north ly
eth Golding lane which stretcheth vp to a Crosse in Ealdestreete which Golding lane on both the sides is replenished with many Tenementes of poore people.
eth Golding lane which stretcheth vp to a Crosse in Ealdestreete which Golding lane on both the sides is replenished with many Tenementes of poore people.
On the left hand and west of the Red Crosse lyeth a streete of old time, called
Houndes ditch, and of later time named Barbi
can, of such cause as I haue before noted. And thus haue you all the suburbe without Criplegate being almost altogether in the parish of S. Giles which hath more then 1800. Householders, and aboue 4000. Communicantes.
can, of such cause as I haue before noted. And thus haue you all the suburbe without Criplegate being almost altogether in the parish of S. Giles which hath more then 1800. Householders, and aboue 4000. Communicantes.
Without Aldersgate on the left hand is the parish Church of S. Buttolph on the
north side of the which church lyeth a way called Little Britaine streete,
towardes the Priorie of Saint Bartlemew in Smithfielde, but the high way
without Alders
gate
gate
Suburbe with
out Aldersgate
runneth straight north from the saide gate vnto Houndes ditch
or Barbican streete on the right hand, and Long lane of the left hand which
runneth into Smithfielde.
out Aldersgate
Then
355
Suburbes wthout the walles.
Then from the farther ende of
Aldersgate streete, straight north to the Barre is called Goswell street
replenished with smal Tenementes, Cottages and Allies, Gardens banqueting houses,
and Bowling places.
Beyond these Bars, leauing the Charterhouse on the left hand or the west side the
way stretcheth vp towardes Iseldon, and on the right hand, or east side at a red
Crosse turneth into Ealdstreet (so called, for that it was the old high way from
Aldersgate streete for the northeast partes of England before Bishopsgate was
buil
ded) which streete runneth East to a Smithes Forge, sometime a Crosse before Shoreditch Church from whence the Passengers and Carriages were to turne North to Kinges land, Totenham, Waltham, Ware, &c.
ded) which streete runneth East to a Smithes Forge, sometime a Crosse before Shoreditch Church from whence the Passengers and Carriages were to turne North to Kinges land, Totenham, Waltham, Ware, &c.
There was sometime in this suburbe without Aldersgate an Hospitall
therhoode of the Trinitie was there founded which was afterward suppressed by Henry the eight or Edwarde the sixt.
Hospitall without Al
dersgate.
for
the poore, but an Alien of Cluny, a French order and therefore suppressed by king
Henry the fift, who gaue ye house with landes and
goods, to the parish of S. Buttolph and a Brodersgate.
therhoode of the Trinitie was there founded which was afterward suppressed by Henry the eight or Edwarde the sixt.
There is at the farthest north corner of this Suburbe a wind
mill which was sometime by a Tempest of winde ouerthrowne and in place thereof a Chappell was builded by Queene Kathe
rine (first wife to Henry the eight,) who named it the mount of Caluerie,
mill which was sometime by a Tempest of winde ouerthrowne and in place thereof a Chappell was builded by Queene Kathe
rine (first wife to Henry the eight,) who named it the mount of Caluerie,
The Mount.
because it was of Christes passion, and was in the end of Henry the eight
pulled downe, and a Windmill newly set vp as afore.
Without Newgate lyeth the west, and by North Suburbe,
fielde, called as I haue shewed Giltspurre streete, or Knightridars, street, then is Smithfielde it selfe compassed about with buildinges as I haue before declared in Faringdon warde without.
Suburbe with
out Newgate.
on the
ri135ght hand or Northside whereof betwixt the saide gate and the
Parish of S. Sepulchre turneth a way towards west Smithout Newgate.
fielde, called as I haue shewed Giltspurre streete, or Knightridars, street, then is Smithfielde it selfe compassed about with buildinges as I haue before declared in Faringdon warde without.
And without the Barre of west Smithfield lyeth a large stréet or way called of the
house of S. Iohn ther136e S. Iohns streete and stretcheth towarde Iseldon, on the right
hand whereof stoode the late dissolued Monasterie, called the Charter house
founded by Sir VValter Many knight, a stranger borne Lord of the towne of
tring this Iland, began first in Dorset shire, then proceeded into Deuonshire, Somerset shire, Glocester shire, and Oxforde shire, and at length came to London, and ouerspread all England, so wasting the people, that scarse the tenth person of all sortes was left aliue, and Churchyards were not sufficient to receiue the dead but men were forced to chuse out certain fieldes for burials, where
upon Ralph Stratforde Bishop of London, in the yeare 1348. bought a peece of ground called no mans land,
ded thereupon a proper Chappell, which is now enlarged and made a dwelling house, as this burying plot is, became a fayre Garden, retayning the olde name of Pardon Church yarde.
Many
Aa2
356
Suburbes without the walles.
Many in the Dioces of Cambrey,
beyond the seas, who for seruice done to king Edwarde the third was made
knight of the Garter. This house
he founded vpon this occasion, a great Pestilence entring this Iland, began first in Dorset shire, then proceeded into Deuonshire, Somerset shire, Glocester shire, and Oxforde shire, and at length came to London, and ouerspread all England, so wasting the people, that scarse the tenth person of all sortes was left aliue, and Churchyards were not sufficient to receiue the dead but men were forced to chuse out certain fieldes for burials, where
upon Ralph Stratforde Bishop of London, in the yeare 1348. bought a peece of ground called no mans land,
No mans land
which he inclosed with a wall of Bricke
and dedicated for buriall of the deade, builded thereupon a proper Chappell, which is now enlarged and made a dwelling house, as this burying plot is, became a fayre Garden, retayning the olde name of Pardon Church yarde.
pardon church yarde by the
Charterhouse.
After this in the yeare 1349. the saide Sir Walter Many in re
spect of danger that might befall in this time of so great a plague and infection, purchased thirteene acres and a rode of ground ad
ioyning to the said no mans land, and lying in a place called Spit
tle Crost, because it belonged to S. Bartilmewes Hospitall, since that called the New Church Haw, and caused it to be consecrated by the saide Bishop of London, to the vse of Burialles.
spect of danger that might befall in this time of so great a plague and infection, purchased thirteene acres and a rode of ground ad
ioyning to the said no mans land, and lying in a place called Spit
tle Crost, because it belonged to S. Bartilmewes Hospitall, since that called the New Church Haw, and caused it to be consecrated by the saide Bishop of London, to the vse of Burialles.
In this plot of ground there was in that yeare more then 50000. persons buried, as
I haue reade in the Charters of Ed
warde the thirde: Also I haue seene and read an inscription fixed on a stone crosse, sometime standing in the same Church yard and hauing these wordes: Anno Domini 1349. regnante magna pestilentia consecratum fuit hoc coemiterium, in quo & infra septa presentis monasterii sepulta fuerunt mor
tuorum corpora plusquam quinquaginta millia, præter alia multa abhinc, vsque ad presens, quorum animabus propiti
etur Deus, Amen. In consideration of the number of Christian people here buried, the saide Sir VValter Many caused first a Chappell to be builded, where for the space of 23. yeares offe
ringes were made, and in the yeare 1371. hee caused there to bee founded an house of Carthusian Monkes, which hee willed to be called the Salutation, and that one of the Monkes should be called
ster, the landes of the Prior of S. Iohn, (which three Acres were purchased, inclosed and dedicated by Ralph Stratforde Bishop of London, as is afore shewed,) remained till our time, by the name of Pardon Church yard, & serued for burying of such as desperately ended their liues, or were executed for Felonies, who were fetched thether vsually in a close cart, vayled ouer and couered with blacke, hauing a plaine white Crosse thwarting, and at the fore ende a S. Iohns Crosse without, and within a Bell ringing whereby the Cart might be heard when it passed, and this was called the Frery Cart, which belonged to S. Iohns, and had the priueledge as Sanctuarie. In this Charter house be the monumentes of the saide Sir VValter Many and Margaret his wife, Marmeduke Lumley, Lawrence Brumley, knight, Sir Edwarde Heder
set knight, Sir William Many knight, Dame Iahan Borough, Iohn Dore, Want water knight, Robert Olney Esquier, Ka
theren daughter to Sir VVilliam Babington knight, Blanch daughter to Hugh Waterton, Katherine wife to Iohn at Poote daughter and heire to Richarde Lacie, VVilliam Rawlin, Sir Iohn Lenthaine and Dame Margaret his wife, daughter to Iohn Fray, Iohn Peake Esquier, William Baron, and William Baron Esquier, Sir Thomas Thawites knight.
warde the thirde: Also I haue seene and read an inscription fixed on a stone crosse, sometime standing in the same Church yard and hauing these wordes: Anno Domini 1349. regnante magna pestilentia consecratum fuit hoc coemiterium, in quo & infra septa presentis monasterii sepulta fuerunt mor
tuorum corpora plusquam quinquaginta millia, præter alia multa abhinc, vsque ad presens, quorum animabus propiti
etur Deus, Amen. In consideration of the number of Christian people here buried, the saide Sir VValter Many caused first a Chappell to be builded, where for the space of 23. yeares offe
ringes were made, and in the yeare 1371. hee caused there to bee founded an house of Carthusian Monkes, which hee willed to be called the Salutation, and that one of the Monkes should be called
Prior
357
Suburbes without the walles.
Prior, and he gaue them the
saide place of thirteene Acres and a Rode of land with the Chappell, and houses
there builded for their habitation: But the three Acres of land lying without the
walles on the north part betwixt the landes of the Abbote of Westminster, the landes of the Prior of S. Iohn, (which three Acres were purchased, inclosed and dedicated by Ralph Stratforde Bishop of London, as is afore shewed,) remained till our time, by the name of Pardon Church yard, & serued for burying of such as desperately ended their liues, or were executed for Felonies, who were fetched thether vsually in a close cart, vayled ouer and couered with blacke, hauing a plaine white Crosse thwarting, and at the fore ende a S. Iohns Crosse without, and within a Bell ringing whereby the Cart might be heard when it passed, and this was called the Frery Cart, which belonged to S. Iohns, and had the priueledge as Sanctuarie. In this Charter house be the monumentes of the saide Sir VValter Many and Margaret his wife, Marmeduke Lumley, Lawrence Brumley, knight, Sir Edwarde Heder
set knight, Sir William Many knight, Dame Iahan Borough, Iohn Dore, Want water knight, Robert Olney Esquier, Ka
theren daughter to Sir VVilliam Babington knight, Blanch daughter to Hugh Waterton, Katherine wife to Iohn at Poote daughter and heire to Richarde Lacie, VVilliam Rawlin, Sir Iohn Lenthaine and Dame Margaret his wife, daughter to Iohn Fray, Iohn Peake Esquier, William Baron, and William Baron Esquier, Sir Thomas Thawites knight.
In the Cloystrie monuments of Bartilmew Rede knight, Mai
or of London, buried 1505. Sir Iohn Popham &c.
or of London, buried 1505. Sir Iohn Popham &c.
This Monastery at the suppression in the 29. of Henry the 8. was valued at 642 £. foure pence
halfepenny yearely.
A little without the Bars of west Smithfielde is Charter house lane so called, for that it leadeth to
the said plot of the late dissolued monasterie in place whereof, first the Lord
North, but since Thomas Howarde late Duke of
Norfolke, haue made large and sumptuous buildinges both for lodging
and pleasure. At the gate of this Charterhouse
moditie.
Conduite by the Charter
house.
is
a fayre water Conduite with two Cockes seruing the vse of the neighbors to their
greate comhouse.
moditie.
Saint
Aa3
358
Suburbes without the walles.
Saint Iohns streete from the entring this lane is also on both the sides
replenished with buildinges vp to Clarken well. On the left hand of which streete
lyeth a lane called Cow crosse,
of a crosse sometime standing there, which lane turneth downe to
another lane called Turnemill streete which stretcheth vp to the west side of
Clarken well, and was called Turnemill streete, for such cause as is afore
declared.
On the left hand also stoode the late dissolued Priorie of S. Iohn of
Ierusalem
in England, founded aboute the yeare of
Christ, 1100. by Iorden Brises Baron and
Muriell his wife, neare vnto Clarkes well besides west Smithfielde,
which Brian hauing first founded the Priory of Nuns at Clarkes well
bought of them ten acres of land, giuing them in exchange ten acres of land in his
Lordshippe of Welling hal in the County of Kent, S. Iohns church was
dedicated by Eraclius Patriarke of the whole resur
rection of Christ at Ierusalem, in the yeare 1185. and was the chiefe seate in England of the religious knightes of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, whose profession was besides their dayly seruice of God to defend Christians against Pagans, and to fight for the Church, vsing for their habite a blacke vpper garment, with a white crosse on the fore parte thereof, and for their good seruice was so highly esteemed, that when the order of Templars was dissolued, their landes & possessions were by Parliament granted vnto these, who after the losse of Ierusalem recouered the Isle of Rodes from the Turke, and there placed themselues, being cal
led thereof for many yeares knightes of the Rhodes, but after the losse thereof 1523. they remoued to the Isle of Malta, manful
ly opposing themselues against the Turkish inuasions.
rection of Christ at Ierusalem, in the yeare 1185. and was the chiefe seate in England of the religious knightes of S. Iohn of Ierusalem, whose profession was besides their dayly seruice of God to defend Christians against Pagans, and to fight for the Church, vsing for their habite a blacke vpper garment, with a white crosse on the fore parte thereof, and for their good seruice was so highly esteemed, that when the order of Templars was dissolued, their landes & possessions were by Parliament granted vnto these, who after the losse of Ierusalem recouered the Isle of Rodes from the Turke, and there placed themselues, being cal
led thereof for many yeares knightes of the Rhodes, but after the losse thereof 1523. they remoued to the Isle of Malta, manful
ly opposing themselues against the Turkish inuasions.
The Rebels of Essex and of Kent 1381, set fire on this house, causing it to burne
by the space of seauen dayes together, not suffering any to quench it, since the
which time the Priors of that house haue new builded both the Church and houses
there
unto appertayning, which church was finished by Thomas Doc
wrey late Lord Prior there, about the yeare 1504. as appeareth by the inscription ouer the Gate house, yet remaining, this house
unto appertayning, which church was finished by Thomas Doc
wrey late Lord Prior there, about the yeare 1504. as appeareth by the inscription ouer the Gate house, yet remaining, this house
at
359
Suburbes without the walles.
at the suppression in the 32. of Henry the
eight, was valued to dispend in landes 3385.£.19.s̃. 8 ď yearely, Sir VVilliam Weston being then Lord Prior, dyed on the same
seuenth of May, on which the house was suppressed, so that
great yearely pensions being granted to the knights by the king, and namely to the
Lord Prior during his life 1000.l. he neuer receiued pennie.
The king tooke into his handes all the landes that belonged to that house and that
order wheresoeuer in England, and Ireland, for the augmentation of his Crowne.
This Priorie Church and house, of S. Iohn was preserued from spoile, or
down pulling, so long as king Henry the eight, raigned, and was imployed
as a store house for the kinges toyles and tentes, for hunting, and for the wars
&c. but in the thirde of king
Edwarde the sixt, the Church for the most part, to wit the
body and side Isles with the great Bell Tower (a most curi
ous peece of workemanshippe, grauen, guilt, and inameled to the greate beutifiyng of the Citie, and passing all other that I haue seene) was vndermined and blowne vp, with Gunpowder, the stone thereof was imployed in building of the Lorde Protectors house at the Strand: that part of the Quire which remained with some side Chappels, was by Cardinall Poole in the raigne of Queene Mary, closed vp at the west end, and otherwise repayred, and Sir Thomas Tresham knight was then made Lorde Prior there, restitution of some lands, but the same was againe suppres
sed in the first yeare of Queene Elizabeth.
ous peece of workemanshippe, grauen, guilt, and inameled to the greate beutifiyng of the Citie, and passing all other that I haue seene) was vndermined and blowne vp, with Gunpowder, the stone thereof was imployed in building of the Lorde Protectors house at the Strand: that part of the Quire which remained with some side Chappels, was by Cardinall Poole in the raigne of Queene Mary, closed vp at the west end, and otherwise repayred, and Sir Thomas Tresham knight was then made Lorde Prior there, restitution of some lands, but the same was againe suppres
sed in the first yeare of Queene Elizabeth.
There was buried in this Church Brethren of that house, & knightes of that
order, William Begecote Richarde Barrow Iohn Vanclay, Thomas Launcelen,
Iohn Mallore, William Turney, VVilliam Hulles, Hils, or Hayles, Iohn
Weston, Re
dington VVilliam Longstrother, Iohn Langstrother, Willi
am Tong, Iohn Wakeline. Then of other Thomas Thornburgh Gentleman, VVilliam VVest Gentleman, Iohn Fulling, and Adam Gill Esquiers, Sir Iohn Mortimor and Dame Elianor his wife, Nicholas Siluerston, William Plompton Esquier, Margaret Tong, and Isabel Tong, Walter Bellingham, alias Ireland, king of Armes of Ireland, Thomas Bedle Gentleman, Katheren daughter of William Plompton Esquier, Richarde
liam Marshall, Esquier, Robert Sauage Esquier, Robert Gon
dall Esquier, and Margery his wife, William Babthorpe Ba
ron of the Exchequer 1442.
dington VVilliam Longstrother, Iohn Langstrother, Willi
am Tong, Iohn Wakeline. Then of other Thomas Thornburgh Gentleman, VVilliam VVest Gentleman, Iohn Fulling, and Adam Gill Esquiers, Sir Iohn Mortimor and Dame Elianor his wife, Nicholas Siluerston, William Plompton Esquier, Margaret Tong, and Isabel Tong, Walter Bellingham, alias Ireland, king of Armes of Ireland, Thomas Bedle Gentleman, Katheren daughter of William Plompton Esquier, Richarde
Tur-
Aa4
360
Suburbes without the walles.
Turpin Gentleman,
Iohan Wife to Alexander Dikes, Iohn Bottle, and Richarde Bottle
Esquiers, Rowland Darcie, Richarde Sutton Gentleman, Richarde
Bottill Gentleman, Sir William Harpden knight, Robert Kingston
Esquier, and Margery his wife, Iohn Roch, Richarde Cednor
Gentleman, Symon Mallory Esquier, 1442. William Mallorie
Esquier, Robert Longstrother Esquier, Ralph Asteley
Esquier, VVilliam Marshall, Esquier, Robert Sauage Esquier, Robert Gon
dall Esquier, and Margery his wife, William Babthorpe Ba
ron of the Exchequer 1442.
Beyond this house of S. Iohns north from the house was the Priorie of
Clarken well so called of Clarkes well adioyning, which Priorie was also founded
aboute the yere 1100. by Iorden Briset Baron the sonne of
Ralph, the sonne of Brian Bryset: who gaue to Robert
a Priest, foureteene Acres of land lying in the fielde next adioyning to the saide
Clarkes well,
thereupon to builde an house of religious persons, which hee builded to the ho
nor of God, and the Assumption of our Lady, and placed therein Black Nuns, this Iorden Briset gaue also to that house one peece of ground, thereby to builde a Windmill vppon &c. hee and Muri
all his wife were buried in the Chapter house there, and there lye buried in this Church Iohn Wikes Esquier, and Isabell his wife, Dame Agnes Clifforde, Ralph Timbleby Esquier, Dame Iahan Baronnesse of Greystocke, Dame Iahan Lady Ferrars &c. This house was valued to dispend 262.£. 19. s̃by yeare, and was surrendred in the 31. of Henry the eight. Many fayre houses for Gentlemen and others, are now builded aboute this Priorie, especially by the high way towardes Iseldon.
nor of God, and the Assumption of our Lady, and placed therein Black Nuns, this Iorden Briset gaue also to that house one peece of ground, thereby to builde a Windmill vppon &c. hee and Muri
all his wife were buried in the Chapter house there, and there lye buried in this Church Iohn Wikes Esquier, and Isabell his wife, Dame Agnes Clifforde, Ralph Timbleby Esquier, Dame Iahan Baronnesse of Greystocke, Dame Iahan Lady Ferrars &c. This house was valued to dispend 262.£. 19. s̃by yeare, and was surrendred in the 31. of Henry the eight. Many fayre houses for Gentlemen and others, are now builded aboute this Priorie, especially by the high way towardes Iseldon.
So much of the Church which remaineth, (for one great Ile thereof fell downe)
serueth as a Parish church of S. Iohn, for not onely the Tenementes and
neare inhabitantes, but also (as is afore saide for all vp to Highgate, Moswell
&c. Neare vnto this Church besides Clarkes well, lye diuers other wels, as I
tolde you, namely Skinners well, Fags well, Todewell, Loders wel, Redewell &c.
Now to returne againe to Giltspurre street where I first began with this suburbe,
there standeth the parish church of Saint Sepulchre in the Bayly, as is
before shewed, from this street to Turnagaine lane by Hosiar lane, Cow lane &
Holborne
ded or first begun I haue not yet learned, but seemeth to be since Edward the thirdes time, and is a prebend to Paules Churchin London. This lane is furnished with faire buildings, and many tenements on both the sides, leading to the fieldes, towards High
gate and Hamsted.
Conduit
361
Suburbes without the walles.
conduit down Snore hill to
Oldborne bridge, and vp to Oldborne hill, by Gold lane on the right hand, and
Lither lane beyond it, vp to the Barres, beyond the which barres on the same side
is Porte Poole lane or Greyes Inne lane,
so called of the Inne of Court,
Greyes Inne an Inne of Court.
named Greyes
Inne, a goodly house there situate, by whom builded or first begun I haue not yet learned, but seemeth to be since Edward the thirdes time, and is a prebend to Paules Churchin London. This lane is furnished with faire buildings, and many tenements on both the sides, leading to the fieldes, towards High
gate and Hamsted.
On the high street haue ye many faire houses builded, and lodg
ings for Gentlemen, Innes for trauellers, and such like vp almost (for it lacketh but little) to S. Giles in the fieldes: amongst the which buildinges for the most part being very new, one passeth the rest in largenesse of roomes lately builded, by a widdow some
time wife to Richard Allington Esquire, which Richard Al
lington deceased in the yeare 1561. And thus much for that North side of Oldborne.
ings for Gentlemen, Innes for trauellers, and such like vp almost (for it lacketh but little) to S. Giles in the fieldes: amongst the which buildinges for the most part being very new, one passeth the rest in largenesse of roomes lately builded, by a widdow some
time wife to Richard Allington Esquire, which Richard Al
lington deceased in the yeare 1561. And thus much for that North side of Oldborne.
Now from Newgate on the left hande or south side lyeth the Old baylie, and so
downe by Seacole lane end to Oldborne bridge, vp Oldborne
South side of Oldborne.
hill, by Shooe lane and
Fewters lane to the barres.
Beyond the Barres had ye in olde time a Temple builded by the Templers, whose
order first began in the yeare of Christ 1118. in the 19. of Henry
the first. This temple was left and fel to ruine since the yeare 1184.
when the Templers had builded them a new Temple in Fléetstréet, neere to the riuer
of Thames. A great part of this olde Temple was pulled downe but of late
in the yeare 1595. The same was after the Bishoppe of
Lincolnes Inne, where he lodged when he repaired to the Cittie, and
Iohn Russell Bishop in Lincolne,
Lord Chauncelor in the raigne of
Richard the 3. was lodged there. It hath of late yeares
belonged to the Earles of Southampton, and is therefore calledua
Southam
ton house. One Mayster Roper hath of late builded there, by meanes whereof, part of the ruines of the old Temple were séene to remaine builded of Cane stone, round informe as the new tem
ple by Temple barre. Beyond this Southampton house is New stréete, so called in the raigne of Henry the 3. when hee founded
ton house. One Mayster Roper hath of late builded there, by meanes whereof, part of the ruines of the old Temple were séene to remaine builded of Cane stone, round informe as the new tem
ple by Temple barre. Beyond this Southampton house is New stréete, so called in the raigne of Henry the 3. when hee founded
the
362
Suburbes without the walles.
the house of Conuertes,
betwixt the Old Temple and the new.
The same stréet hath sithence béene called Chauncery lane,
by reason that
king Edward the third annexed the house of Conuerts by Pattent to the
office of Custos Rotulorum, or maister of the Rolles, in the 15. of his
raigne.
In this stréete the first faire building to bee noted on the East side, is called
the Coursitors office,
builded with diuers faire lodg
ings for Gentlemen, all of Bricke and timber, by Sir Nicholas Bacon late Lord Keeper of the great seale, deceased in the yeare 1578.
ings for Gentlemen, all of Bricke and timber, by Sir Nicholas Bacon late Lord Keeper of the great seale, deceased in the yeare 1578.
Neere vnto this Coursitors Office be diuers faire houses and large gardens builded
and made in a ground, sometime belonging to one great house on the other side the
stréete there made by Raph Neuell Bishop of Chichester. Then was
the house of Conuerts wherein now the Rolles of Chauncerie be kept. Then the
Ser
ieants Inne.
ieants Inne.
On the West side towardes the North end thereof was of old time the church and
house of the preaching Friers:
Blacke Fryers
Church in Oldborne.
the which house I finde that in the yeare
of Christ 1221. the Friers preachers 13. in number came into
England, and hauing to their Prior one named Gilbert de
Fraxineto, in company of Peter de la Roche Bishop of
Winchester, came to Canterbury, where presenting themselues
before the Archbishop Stephen, he commanded the said Prior to preach,
whose sermon he liked so well, that euer after he loued that Order. These Fryers
came to London, and had their first house without the wall of the Citie
by Oldborne, neere vnto the old Temple.
Hubert de Burgo Earle of Kent was a great benefactor vn
to these Fryers, and deceasing at his Mannor of Bansted in Sur
rey, or (after some writers) at his Castle of Barkamsted in Hart
fordshire, in the yeare 1242. was buried in their Church, vnto the which Church he had giuen his place at Westminster, which the said Fryers
to these Fryers, and deceasing at his Mannor of Bansted in Sur
rey, or (after some writers) at his Castle of Barkamsted in Hart
fordshire, in the yeare 1242. was buried in their Church, vnto the which Church he had giuen his place at Westminster, which the said Fryers
Earle of Kent buried in the Blacke Fryers.
afterward solde to
Walter Grey Archbishoppe of Yorke, & he left it to his
successors in that Sea, for euer to be their house when they shoulde repaire to
the Citie of London. And therefore the same was called Yorke
Place, which name so continued vntill the yeare 1529. that
King Henry the eight tooke
it
363
Suburbes without the walles.
it from Thomas Wolsey
Cardinall, and Archbishoppe of Yorke, and then gaue it to name White
hall.
Margaret sister to the king of Scottes, widowe to
Geffrey Earle Marshall deceased 1244. and was buried in
this church.
In the yere 1250. the Fryers of this order of preachers
through Christendome and from Ierusalem, were by a Conuocation
sembled together, at this their house by Oldborne to entreat of their estate, to the number of 400. hauing meat and drinke found them of almes, because they had no possessions of their owne. The first day the king came to their Chapter, founde them meate and drinke and dined with them. An other day the Quéene founde them meat and drinke: afterward the Bishop of London, then the Abbot of Westminster, of S. Albones, Waltham, and others. In the yeare 1276. Gregory Rokesley Mayor, and the Barons of London graunted and gaue to Robert Kilwerbie Archbishop of Canterbury, two lanes, or wayes next the stréet of Baynards Castle, and the Tower of Mountfichet, to bee destroyed. On the which place the said Robert builded the late new church, with the rest of the stones that were left of the said Tower. And thus the blacke Fryers left their Church and house by Oldborne, and departed to their new. This old Fryer house (iuxta Holborne saith the Pattent) was by King Edward the first, in the 16. of his raigne giuen to Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne.
Conuocation of black Fry
ers in Old
borne.
asers in Old
borne.
sembled together, at this their house by Oldborne to entreat of their estate, to the number of 400. hauing meat and drinke found them of almes, because they had no possessions of their owne. The first day the king came to their Chapter, founde them meate and drinke and dined with them. An other day the Quéene founde them meat and drinke: afterward the Bishop of London, then the Abbot of Westminster, of S. Albones, Waltham, and others. In the yeare 1276. Gregory Rokesley Mayor, and the Barons of London graunted and gaue to Robert Kilwerbie Archbishop of Canterbury, two lanes, or wayes next the stréet of Baynards Castle, and the Tower of Mountfichet, to bee destroyed. On the which place the said Robert builded the late new church, with the rest of the stones that were left of the said Tower. And thus the blacke Fryers left their Church and house by Oldborne, and departed to their new. This old Fryer house (iuxta Holborne saith the Pattent) was by King Edward the first, in the 16. of his raigne giuen to Henry Lacy Earle of Lincolne.
Next to this house of Fryers, was one other great house, sometime belonging to the
Bishop of Chichester, whereof Ma
thew Paris writeth thus: Raph de Noua villa or Neuill, Bi
shop of Chichester,
ded a noble house, euen from the ground not farre from the newe Temple, and house of Conuertes, in the which place hee deceased in the yeare 1244. In this place after the decease of the said Bishoppe, and in place of the house of Blacke Fryers, before spoken of, Henry Lacie Earle of Lincolne, Constable of Chester, and Custos of Englande, builded his Inne, and for the most parte was lodged there: hee deceased in this house in the yeare 1310. and was buried in the new worke, (whereunto he had been a great benefactor) of S. Pauls church betwixt our La
die Chappell, and S. Dunstones Chappell. This Lincolnes
thew Paris writeth thus: Raph de Noua villa or Neuill, Bi
shop of Chichester,
Bishop of Chichesters Inne.
and Chauncellor
of England sometime builded a noble house, euen from the ground not farre from the newe Temple, and house of Conuertes, in the which place hee deceased in the yeare 1244. In this place after the decease of the said Bishoppe, and in place of the house of Blacke Fryers, before spoken of, Henry Lacie Earle of Lincolne, Constable of Chester, and Custos of Englande, builded his Inne, and for the most parte was lodged there: hee deceased in this house in the yeare 1310. and was buried in the new worke, (whereunto he had been a great benefactor) of S. Pauls church betwixt our La
die Chappell, and S. Dunstones Chappell. This Lincolnes
Inne
364
Suburbes without the walles.
Inne sometime pertaining to
the Bishoppes of Chichester as a part of the said great house, is now an
Inne of Court, retayning the name of Lincolnes Inne as afore, but now
lately increased with faire buildings, and replenished with Gentlemen studious in
the common lawes: this house was greatly increased with new buildinges.
In the raigne of Henry the eight
Sir Thomas Louell was a great builder there, especially hee builded the
gate house and forefront towardes the east, placing thereon aswell the
Lacies armes, as his owne: he caused the Lacies armes to bee
cast and wrought in leade, on the louer of the hall of that house, which was in
the 3. Escutcheons, a Lyon rampant for Lacie, 7. Masculles voyded for
Quincie, and 3.
Lincolns Inne an Inne of
Court.
Wheat sheaues for Chester. This Louer being of late
repayred the saide Escutcheons were left out. The rest of that side euen to
Fléetstreet is replenished with faire buildings.
Now the high Oldborne street, from the North end of New
street, stretcheth on the left hand in building lately framed, vp to S. Giles in the fielde, which was an Hospitall founded by Matil
de the Quéene, wife to Henry the first, about the yeare 1117. This Hospital (saith the record of Edward the third the 19. yeare) was founded without the barre veteris Templi London con
uersorum. Moreouer (saith the same Recorde) in the 20. of Edward the third, the saide King sent commandement vnder his great seale, to the Mayor and Sheriffes of London,
ple: wherevpon it followed that the citizens required of the Gar
dian of Saynt Giles Hospitall, to take from them and to keepe continually the number of fouretéene persons, according to the foundation of Matilde the Quéen which was for Leprose persons of the Citie of London and the shire of Middlesex.
ted, were saluted with a Bowle of Ale, thereof to drinke as their last refreshing in this life.
street, stretcheth on the left hand in building lately framed, vp to S. Giles in the fielde, which was an Hospitall founded by Matil
de the Quéene, wife to Henry the first, about the yeare 1117. This Hospital (saith the record of Edward the third the 19. yeare) was founded without the barre veteris Templi London con
uersorum. Moreouer (saith the same Recorde) in the 20. of Edward the third, the saide King sent commandement vnder his great seale, to the Mayor and Sheriffes of London,
Hospitall of S. Giles founded for Leprose persons of the cittie of Lon
don and shire of Middlesex.Pattent.
willing them to make proclamation in
euery Ward of the Citie and suburbes, that all leprous persons, within the saide
Citie & suburbes should auoid within fiftéen daies, and that no man suffer any
such leprose person to abide within his house, vppon paine to forfeite his saide
house, and to incurre the Kinges farther displeasure. And that they shoulde cause
the saide Lepers to bee remoued into some out places of the fieldes,
don and shire of Middlesex.Pattent.
All leprose heople to be voided the citie & su
burbs.
from the haunt or company
of all sound peoburbs.
ple: wherevpon it followed that the citizens required of the Gar
dian of Saynt Giles Hospitall, to take from them and to keepe continually the number of fouretéene persons, according to the foundation of Matilde the Quéen which was for Leprose persons of the Citie of London and the shire of Middlesex.
W.
Dunthorne.
At this Hospitail
365
Suburbes in libertie of the Dutchie.
pitall the prisoners
conueyed towards Tyborne, there to be executed, were saluted with a Bowle of Ale, thereof to drinke as their last refreshing in this life.
Now without Ludgate lyeth the south end of ye old
Baylie, then downe Ludgate hill by Fléet lane ouer Fléet bridge, vp
Fléetstréet by Shooe lane, Fewters lane, Newstréet, or Chauncery lane & to
Shire lane by the barre on the right hand. And from Ludgate
Suburbe with
out Ludgate.
on the left hand or south side by Bride lane, Water lane,
Crokers lane, Sergeantes Inne, and the new Temple by the Barre, all which is of
Faringdon Ward, as is afore shewed.
out Ludgate.
Liberties of the Dutchie.
NExt without the barre and libertie of the citie of Lon
don and the liberties of the Dutchy of Lancaster, on the said south side or left hande neere vnto the Riuer of Thames, amongst other buildings memorable for greatnesse, the first was Excester house, so called for that the same belonged to the Bishop of Excester, and was their Inne or London lodging: the same hath béene sithence called Pa
get house, because the Lord William Paget enlarged and posses
sed it. Then is Leycester house so named because Robert Dud
ley late Earle of Leycester, of late new builded there. And now Essex house, of the late Earle of Essex there inhabiting.
don and the liberties of the Dutchy of Lancaster, on the said south side or left hande neere vnto the Riuer of Thames, amongst other buildings memorable for greatnesse, the first was Excester house, so called for that the same belonged to the Bishop of Excester, and was their Inne or London lodging: the same hath béene sithence called Pa
get house, because the Lord William Paget enlarged and posses
sed it. Then is Leycester house so named because Robert Dud
ley late Earle of Leycester, of late new builded there. And now Essex house, of the late Earle of Essex there inhabiting.
Then west was a Chappell dedicate to the Holy Ghost, called S. Spirit,
Chapell of S. Spirit.
vpon what
occasion founded I haue not read.
Then was the Bishop of Bathes Inne,
lately new builded, for a great parte
thereof by the Lorde Thomas Seamer Admirall, which came sithence to be
possessed by the Earle of Arondell, and thereof called Arundell
house.
Next beyond the which on the stréet side, was sometime a faire Cemitorie (or
Churchyard) and in the same a parish Church,
led of the natiuitie of our Ladie, and the innocents at the Strand, and of some, by meane of a brotherhood kept there, called of S. Vr
sula at the Strand.
Parish church of S. Mary at the strand.
called of the natiuitie of our Ladie, and the innocents at the Strand, and of some, by meane of a brotherhood kept there, called of S. Vr
sula at the Strand.
And
366
Suburbes without the walles.
And neere adioyning to the
said church, betwixt it and the riuer of Thames, was an Inne of Chauncery,
commonly called Chosters Inne
Chesters Inne or Strand Inne an Inne of
Chauncery.
(because it belonged to the Bishoppe of Chester) by
others named of the situation Strand Inne.
Then had yee in the high stréete a faire bridge called Strande bridge,
and vnder it a lane or way
downe to the landing place on the banke of the Thames.
Then was the Bishoppe of Chesters Inne,
tor, pulled downe, and made leuell ground, in the yeare 1549. In this place whereof he builded that large and goodly house, now cal
led Somerset house.
The Bishop of Chesters Inne.
or his London lodging. And next
adioyning to it the Bishoppe of Worcesters Inne:
The Bishop of Worcesters Inne.
all which to wit, the
parrish of Saint Mary at Strande, Strand Inne, Strand bridge, with the
lane vnder it, the Bishop of Chesters Inne, the Bishoppe of
Worcesters Inne, with all the tenementes adioyning were by
commandement of Edwarde Duke of Sommerset vncle to
Edward the sixt, and Lord Protector, pulled downe, and made leuell ground, in the yeare 1549. In this place whereof he builded that large and goodly house, now cal
led Somerset house.
In the high stréete néere vnto the Strande sometime stoode a crosse of stone
against the Bishoppe of Couentrie or Chester his house, whereof
I reade, that in the yeare 1294. and diuers o
ther times, the Iustices Itinerantes, sate without London, at the stone crosse ouer against the Bishop of Couentries house, and sometime they sate in the Bishops house, which was hard by the Strand.
ther times, the Iustices Itinerantes, sate without London, at the stone crosse ouer against the Bishop of Couentries house, and sometime they sate in the Bishops house, which was hard by the Strand.
Then next is the Sauoy so called of Peter Earle of
Sauoy, and Richmond,
sonne to
Thomas Earle of Sauoy, brother to Boni
face Archbishop of Canterbury, and vncle vnto Helenor wife to king Henry the third.
face Archbishop of Canterbury, and vncle vnto Helenor wife to king Henry the third.
He first builded this house in the yeare 1245. and here is some
occasion offered to proue that this Peter of Sauoy was also
Earle of Sauoy. Wherefore out of a booke of the Genealogies of all the
whole house of Sauoy, compiled by Phillebert Pingonio, Baron of
Guzani, remaining in the hands of W. Smith, alias Ronge
dragon officer of armes, I haue gathered this. Thomas Earle of Sauoy
uoy in the yere 1253. Peter his second son, Earle of Sauoy, and of
trix his daughter maried to Reymond Beringarius of Aragon, Earle of Prouince and Narbone, had issue, & was mother to fiue Quéenes: The first Margaret wife to Lewes king of Fraunce, 2. Elianor wife to Henry the 3. King of England: 3. Sanctia, wife to Richard king of Romaines. 4. Beatrix, wife to Charles king of Naples. 5. Iohanna, wife to Philip king of Nauarre.137 To returne againe to the house of Sauoy, Quéene Eleanor wife to king Heury the third, purchased this place afterwardes of the fraternitie
meth gaue it) for her sonne Edmond Earle of Lancaster (as M. Camden hath noted out of a register booke, of the Dukes of Lan
caster,
ded it with the charges of 52000. Markes, which money hee had gathered together at the towne of Bridgerike.
dragon officer of armes, I haue gathered this. Thomas Earle of Sauoy
Thomas Earle of Sauoy his pedegrie by
occasion.
had issue by Beatrix daughter to Aimon Earle
of Geneua 9. sons, & 3. daughters: Amades his first son
succeeded Earle of Sauoy in the yere 1253. Peter his second son, Earle of Sauoy, and of
Richmond
367
Suburbes without the walles.
Richmond, in 1268. Philip his third sonne Earle of
Sauoy and Burgundie, 1284. Thomas
the 4. Earle of Flaunders and prince of Piemon, Boniface the
eight, Archbishop of Canterbury, Beatrix his daughter maried to Reymond Beringarius of Aragon, Earle of Prouince and Narbone, had issue, & was mother to fiue Quéenes: The first Margaret wife to Lewes king of Fraunce, 2. Elianor wife to Henry the 3. King of England: 3. Sanctia, wife to Richard king of Romaines. 4. Beatrix, wife to Charles king of Naples. 5. Iohanna, wife to Philip king of Nauarre.137 To returne againe to the house of Sauoy, Quéene Eleanor wife to king Heury the third, purchased this place afterwardes of the fraternitie
Fratres de mōte Iouis or Priory de Cor
nuto by haue
ring at the boowre.
or brethren of Montioy (vnto whome
Peter as it séenuto by haue
ring at the boowre.
meth gaue it) for her sonne Edmond Earle of Lancaster (as M. Camden hath noted out of a register booke, of the Dukes of Lan
caster,
H.
Knighton
Henry Duke of Lancaster repaired or rather new builded it with the charges of 52000. Markes, which money hee had gathered together at the towne of Bridgerike.
Iohn the French King was lodged there, in the yeare 1357.
and also in the yeare 1363. for it was at that time the fayrest Mannor
in England.
In the yeare 1381.
red in beauty, and statelinesse (saith mine Author.) They set fire ou138 it round about, and made Proclamation that none (on payne to lose his head) should conuert to his own vse any thing that there was, but that they should breake such plate and vessell of Gold and siluer, as was found in that house, (which was in great plentie) into small peeces and throwe the same into the riuer of Thames:
serued one goodly péece of plate.
H.
Knighton.
the rebelles of Kent and Essex burnt this
house, vnto the which there was none in the realme to be compared in beauty, and statelinesse (saith mine Author.) They set fire ou138 it round about, and made Proclamation that none (on payne to lose his head) should conuert to his own vse any thing that there was, but that they should breake such plate and vessell of Gold and siluer, as was found in that house, (which was in great plentie) into small peeces and throwe the same into the riuer of Thames:
Rebels more malicious thē couetous, spoile all before
them.
Precious stones they shoulde bruse in morters that the same might
bee to no vse: and so it was done by them: One of their companiens they burned in
the fire, because he minded to haue reserued one goodly péece of plate.
They found there certaine barrels of Gunpowder, which they thought had béene Gold
or siluer,
Liber mane script,
french.
and throwing them into the fire, more suddenly then they
thought, the Hall was blowne vppe, the houses destroyed, and themselues verie
hardly escaped away.
This
368
Suburbes in libertie of the Dutchie.
This house being thus
defaced and almost ouerthrown by these rebelles for malice they bare to
Iohn of Gaunt Duke of Lancaster of later time came to the Kings hands, and was againe raised and beautifully builded, for an Hospitall of S. Iohn Baptist, by king Henry the seuenth, about the yeare 1509, for the which Ho
spitall (retayning still the old name of Sauoy ) he purchased landes to be imploied vpon the relleuing of an hundred poore people: This Hospitall being valued to dispend 529. pound, fifteene shillings &c. by yeare, was suppressed the tenth of Iune, the seuenth of Ed
ward the sixt: the beddes, bedding and other furniture belonging thereunto, with seuen hundred marks of the said landes by yeare, he gaue, to the Citizens of Londō, with his house of Bridewell, to the furnishing thereof, to be a workehouse for the poore and idle per
sons, and towardes the furnishing of the Hospitall of S. Thomas in Southwarke lately suppressed.
This Hospitall of Sauoy
porated and endowed with landes by Queene Mary, the thirde of Nouember: in the fourth of her raigne one Iackson tooke posses
sion, and was made maister thereof in the same Moneth of No
uember. The Ladies of the Court, and Maidens of honour (a thing not to be forgotten) stored the same of new with beddes, bed
ding and other furniture, in very ample manner &c. and it was by pattent so confirmed at Westminster the ninth of May the fourth and fift of Phillip and Mary.
Hospitall of Sauoy a new foundation
thereof.
was againe new founded, erected, corporated and endowed with landes by Queene Mary, the thirde of Nouember: in the fourth of her raigne one Iackson tooke posses
sion, and was made maister thereof in the same Moneth of No
uember. The Ladies of the Court, and Maidens of honour (a thing not to be forgotten) stored the same of new with beddes, bed
ding and other furniture, in very ample manner &c. and it was by pattent so confirmed at Westminster the ninth of May the fourth and fift of Phillip and Mary.
The Chappell of this Hospital serueth now as a Parish church to the tenements
thereof neere adioyning and others.
The next was sometime the Bishoppe of Carliles his Inne, which now
belongeth to the Earle of Bedford, & is called Russell or
Bedford house.
Parish church of S.
Iohn in the Sauoy. B. of Carlile his Inne or Bedford house
It stretcheth
from the Hospitall of Sauoy, West to Iuie bridge. And thus farre on this
South side the high stréete is of the libertie of the Dutchy of
Lancaster.
Iuie bridge
Iuie bridge.
in the high
streete hath a way or low going downe vnder it, stretching to the Thames: the like
as sometime had the Strand bridge before spoken of.
This whole streete
from Temple Bar to the Sauoy was
commanded to be paued, and Tole to bee taken towards the char
ges thereof in the 24. yeare of Henry the sixt.
ges thereof in the 24. yeare of Henry the sixt.
Now
369
Suburbes in libertie of the Dutchie.
Now to beginne againe
at Temple Barre ouer against it. In the high streete standeth a payre of Stockes,
and then one large middle Row of houses and small Tenements builded partly opening to the south, partly towardes the North. Amongst the which standeth the Parish church of S, Clement Danes so called because Harolde a Danish king and other Danes were buried there, and in that Churchyarde, This Harolde whome king Canutus had by a Concubine, raigned three yeares and was buried at West
minster, but afterwarde Hardicanutus the lawfull sonne of Ca
nutus, in reuenge of a displeasure done to his mother by expelling her out of the Realme, and the murder of his Brother Allured, commanded the body of Harold to be digged out of the earth and to be throwne into the Thames, where it was by a Fisherman taken vp, and buried in this Churchyarde. This saide Middle Row of houses stretching west to a stone Crosse now headlesse, by or against the Strand including the saide parish Church of S. Clement, is wholy of the libertie of Dutchie of Lancaster, which libertie is gouerned by the Chancelor of that saide Dutchie,
Chancelor of the
Dutchie of Lancaster.
now at this present, Sir Robert Cecill
knight principall Secretarie to her Maiestie, and one of her Maiesties most
Honorable priuie Councellors, there is vnder him a Stewarde that keepeth court and
Leete for the Queene, giueth the charge and taketh the othes of euery vnder
Officer, then is there foure Burgesses, and 4. Assistantes to take vp
Controuersies, a Bayliffe which hath two or three vnder Bayliffes that make Arests
within that libertie, 4. Constables, foure Wardens that keepe the Lands and Stocke
for the poore, foure Wardens, for high wayes, a Iury or Inquest of foureteene or
sixteene to present defaultes, foure Alecunners which loke to assisse of weightes
and measures, &c. foure Scauengers and a Beadle, and their common Prison is Newgate.
Thus much for the Suburbe in the Libertie of the Dutchie of Lancaster.
Bb
The
370
The Citie of VVestminster, with the Antiquities, Boundes, and Liberties
thereof.
Now touching the Citie of Westminster, I will beginne at Temple Barre, on the
right hand or Northside, and so passe vp west, through a Backe lane or streete,
wherein do stand three Innes of Chancery the first is called Clementes Inne,
because it
standeth neare to S. Clementes church, but nearer to the fayre fountaine called
Clementes well,
cond is New Inne so called, as Lateliar made an Inne of Chance
ry for students, then another, to witte, aboute the beginning of the raigne of Henry the seauenth, and not so late as some haue supposed, to witte at the pulling down of Strand Inne in the raign of King Edward the sixt: for I reade that Sir Thomas Moore sometime Lord Chancellor was a student in this New Inne, and went from thence to Lincolnes Inne &c. The thirde is Lions Inne, an Inne of Chancerie also. This streete stretcheth vp vnto Drury lane, so called, for that there is a house belonging to the Family of the Druries. This lane turneth North towarde S. Giles in the field, from the south end of this lane in the high street are diuers fayre buildinges, Hosteries, and houses for Gentlemen, and men of honor, amongst the which Cecile house
Clements well.
the second is New Inne so called, as Lateliar made an Inne of Chance
ry for students, then another, to witte, aboute the beginning of the raigne of Henry the seauenth, and not so late as some haue supposed, to witte at the pulling down of Strand Inne in the raign of King Edward the sixt: for I reade that Sir Thomas Moore sometime Lord Chancellor was a student in this New Inne, and went from thence to Lincolnes Inne &c. The thirde is Lions Inne, an Inne of Chancerie also. This streete stretcheth vp vnto Drury lane, so called, for that there is a house belonging to the Family of the Druries. This lane turneth North towarde S. Giles in the field, from the south end of this lane in the high street are diuers fayre buildinges, Hosteries, and houses for Gentlemen, and men of honor, amongst the which Cecile house
Cecill house.
is one, which sometime belonged to the Parson of S. Martins in the
fielde, and by composition came to Sir Thomas Palmer knight in the raign of
Edwarde the sixt, who began to builde the fame of Bricke,
and Timber, very large and spatious, but of later time it hath beene farre more
bewtifully encreased by the late Sir William Cecile Baron of
Burghley, Lord Treasurer, and greate Councellor of the estate of
England.
From thence is now a continuall new building of diuers fayre houses euen vp to the
Earle of Bedfordes house,
ly house, lately builded nigh to Iuy Bridge, ouer against the olde Bedforde house, namely, called Russell house and Dacres house,
Bedford house
which is a goodly house, lately builded nigh to Iuy Bridge, ouer against the olde Bedforde house, namely, called Russell house and Dacres house,
now
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The Citie of Westminster.
now the house of Sir Thomas
Cecile Lorde Burghley, and so on the North side to a lane that
turneth to the Parish Church of S. Martin in the fielde,
and
stretcheth to S. Giles in the fielde. Then had ye the Chappell of our
Lady
Chappell of our Lady in the Pew an house
belong
ing to Bethlē.
called
the Pew, with an house wherein sometime were distraight and Lunatike people.
ing to Bethlē.
Amongst other thinges of this Chappel I haue read that on the 17. of Februarie in the yeare of Christ 1452. by negligence of a
scholler appointed by his Scholemaister, to put forth the lights of this Chappell,
the Image of our Lady
els, pretious stones, pearles, and ringes (more then any Ieweller could iudge the price) (for so sayeth mine Author) was with all this apparrell, ornamentes and Chapple it selfe brent.
Chappell of our Lady the
Pew brent.
richly decked with Iewels, pretious stones, pearles, and ringes (more then any Ieweller could iudge the price) (for so sayeth mine Author) was with all this apparrell, ornamentes and Chapple it selfe brent.
Then is the Mewse
forde, and of the Manor of Kenington, and also Maister of the kinges Faulcons, at his Mewse neare vnto Charing Crosse by West. Of later time king Henry the eight hauing fayre stabling there for horses in the yeare 1534. and the 28. of his raigne140, it was burned with many great houses and much hay therein:
The Meuse by Charing
Crosse.
so called of the kinges Faulchons there kept by the kinges
Faulconer, which of olde time was an office of great account, as appeareth by a Recorde
of
Richarde
the second, in the first of his raigne, for Sir Symon Burley
knight, was made Constable for the Castles of Windsor, Wigmore and Guilforde, and of the Manor of Kenington, and also Maister of the kinges Faulcons, at his Mewse neare vnto Charing Crosse by West. Of later time king Henry the eight hauing fayre stabling there for horses in the yeare 1534. and the 28. of his raigne140, it was burned with many great houses and much hay therein:
The Meuse burned.
but it was againe reedified in the raignes of
king. Edwarde the sixt, and Queene Marie, and this is the
farthest building westwarde, on the northside of that high streete.
On the southside of the which street, in the Liberties of West
minster (beginning at Iuie bridge) first is Durham house, buil
ded by Thomas Hatfielde Bishop of Durham,
minster (beginning at Iuie bridge) first is Durham house, buil
ded by Thomas Hatfielde Bishop of Durham,
The Bishop of Durhams
house.
who was made Bishop of that See in the yeare 1345.
and sat Bishop there 36. yeares.
Amongst matters memorable concerning this house, this is one, In the
yeare of Christ 1540. the 32. of Henry the eight, on May day a great and
triumphant Iusting
was holden at West
minster, which had been formarly proclamed in France, Flanders, Scotland, and Spaine, for all commers that woulde vndertake the challengers of England, which were Sir Iohn Dudley, Sir Thomas Seymar Sir Thomas Ponings, and Sir George Ca
well Esquiers, at which came into the Lists that dayrichly appa
relled and their horses trapped all in white Ueluet, there came a
gainst them the saide day 46. Defendantes or Undertakers vz
the Earle of Surrey formost, Lord VVilliam Howarde, Lord. Clinton, and Lord Cromwell, son and heire to Thomas Crom
well Earle of Essex, and Chamberlaine of England with other, and that day after the Iustes performed the Challengers rode vn
to this Durham house where they kept open householde, and fea
sted the king and Queene with her Ladyes and all the Court, the second day Anthonie Kingston, and Richarde Cromwell were made knightes there, the thirde day of May the saide chalengers did Turney on horsebacke with swordes, and against them came 49. Defendantes: Sir Iohn Dudley, and the Earle of Surrey running first, which at the first course lost their Gauntletes: and that day Sir Richarde Cromwell ouerthrew maister Palmer and his horse in the fielde to the great honor of the chalengers, the fi141ft of May the Chalengers fought on foote at the Baryars, and against them came 50. Defendantes, which fought valiantly: but Sir Richarde Cromwell ouerthrew that day at the Barryars maister Culpepper in the fielde, and the sixt day the chalen
gers brake vp their householde.
minster, which had been formarly proclamed in France, Flanders, Scotland, and Spaine, for all commers that woulde vndertake the challengers of England, which were Sir Iohn Dudley, Sir Thomas Seymar Sir Thomas Ponings, and Sir George Ca
rew
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372
The Citie of Westminster.
rew knightes, and Anthony
Kingston, and Richarde Crumwell Esquiers, at which came into the Lists that dayrichly appa
relled and their horses trapped all in white Ueluet, there came a
gainst them the saide day 46. Defendantes or Undertakers vz
the Earle of Surrey formost, Lord VVilliam Howarde, Lord. Clinton, and Lord Cromwell, son and heire to Thomas Crom
well Earle of Essex, and Chamberlaine of England with other, and that day after the Iustes performed the Challengers rode vn
to this Durham house where they kept open householde, and fea
sted the king and Queene with her Ladyes and all the Court, the second day Anthonie Kingston, and Richarde Cromwell were made knightes there, the thirde day of May the saide chalengers did Turney on horsebacke with swordes, and against them came 49. Defendantes: Sir Iohn Dudley, and the Earle of Surrey running first, which at the first course lost their Gauntletes: and that day Sir Richarde Cromwell ouerthrew maister Palmer and his horse in the fielde to the great honor of the chalengers, the fi141ft of May the Chalengers fought on foote at the Baryars, and against them came 50. Defendantes, which fought valiantly: but Sir Richarde Cromwell ouerthrew that day at the Barryars maister Culpepper in the fielde, and the sixt day the chalen
gers brake vp their householde.
In this time of their housekeeping they had not onely feasted the king,
mon house in the Parliament, and entertayned the Maior of Lon
don with the Aldermen and their wiues at a Dinner &c. The king gaue to euery of the saide challengers, and their heires for e
uer, in rewarde of their valiant actiuitie one hundred markes and a house to dwell in of yearely reuenewe out of the landes pertay
ning to the Hospitall ofS. Iohn of Ierusalem.
Pencioners.
Queene, Ladyes and all the
court, as is afore shewed, but also they cheared all the knightes and Burgesses of
the common house in the Parliament, and entertayned the Maior of Lon
don with the Aldermen and their wiues at a Dinner &c. The king gaue to euery of the saide challengers, and their heires for e
uer, in rewarde of their valiant actiuitie one hundred markes and a house to dwell in of yearely reuenewe out of the landes pertay
ning to the Hospitall ofS. Iohn of Ierusalem.
Next beyond this Durham house is one other great house som
time belonging to the Bishop of Norwitch,
monly called Yorke place, and changed the name thereof into White hall whereby the Archbishops of Yorke being dispossessed and hauing no house of repayre about London, Quéene Marie gaue vnto Nicholas Heth then Archbishoppe of Yorke and to his successors, Suffolke house in Southwarke, lately builded by Charles Bramdon Duke of Suffolke, as I haue shewed.
time belonging to the Bishop of Norwitch,
The Bishop of Norwitch his house.
and was his
London lodging, which now pertayneth to the Archbishop of Yorke by
this occasion. In the yeare 1529. when Cardinall VVolsey Archbishop
of Yorke was indighted in the Premunirey, whereby
king
373
The Citie of Westminster.
king Henry the eight was
intituled to his goodes and possessions: hée also seazed into his hands, the saide
Archbishoppes house, commonly called Yorke place, and changed the name thereof into White hall whereby the Archbishops of Yorke being dispossessed and hauing no house of repayre about London, Quéene Marie gaue vnto Nicholas Heth then Archbishoppe of Yorke and to his successors, Suffolke house in Southwarke, lately builded by Charles Bramdon Duke of Suffolke, as I haue shewed.
This house the saide Archbishops solde, and bought the a
foresaide house of olde time belonging to the Bishoppes of Nor
wich, which of this last purchase is now called Yorke house, the Lord Chancellors, or Lorde Keepers of the great Seale of England, haue beene lately there lodged.
foresaide house of olde time belonging to the Bishoppes of Nor
wich, which of this last purchase is now called Yorke house, the Lord Chancellors, or Lorde Keepers of the great Seale of England, haue beene lately there lodged.
Then was there an Hospitall of S. Marie Rounceual
by Cha
ring Crosse (a Cell to the Priorie & Couent of Rounceual in Na
uar in Pampelion Diocesse) where a Fraternitie was founded in the 15. of Edwarde the fourth, but now the same is suppressed and turned into Tenementes.
ring Crosse (a Cell to the Priorie & Couent of Rounceual in Na
uar in Pampelion Diocesse) where a Fraternitie was founded in the 15. of Edwarde the fourth, but now the same is suppressed and turned into Tenementes.
Neare vnto this Hospitall was an Hermitage, with a Chap
pell of S. Katherine ouer against Charing Crosse, which Crosse builded of stone, was of old time a fayre péece of worke there made by commandement of Edwarde the first, in the one and twentith yeare of his raigne, in memorie of Helenor his deceased Quéene as is before declared.
pell of S. Katherine ouer against Charing Crosse, which Crosse builded of stone, was of old time a fayre péece of worke there made by commandement of Edwarde the first, in the one and twentith yeare of his raigne, in memorie of Helenor his deceased Quéene as is before declared.
West from this Crosse stoode sometime an Hospital of Saint Iames,
Hospitall of S. Iames.
consisting of two
hydes of Land with the appurtenances in the parish of Saint Margaret in
Westminster, and founded by the Citizens of London, before the time of
any mans memorie, for foureteene sisters maidens that were leprouse, lyuing
chastly, and honestly in diuine seruice.
Afterwardes diuers Citizens of London, gaue six and fifty pound rent
thereunto, and then were adioyned eight Brethren to minister diuine seruice there.
After this also sundrie deuout men of London gaue to this Hospitall foure
hydes of land in the fielde at Westminster, and in Hendon, Calcote, and Hampsted,
eighty acres of Lande
and142 Woode &c. king Edwarde the first, con
firmed
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374
The Citie of Westminster.
firmed those giftes and granted a
Fayre to be kept on the Eue of S Iames, the
S. Iames Fayre for 7. dayes.
day, the morrow, and foure dayes following, in the
eighteenth of his raigne.This Hospitall was surrendred to Henry the eight the thrée and twentith of his raigne, and
the Sisters being compounded with all were allowed Pensions for terme of their
liues, and the king builded there a goodly Mannor, annexing thereunto a
Parke,
closed about with
a wall, of bricke now called S. Iames Parke seruing indifferently to the
saide Mannor, and to the Man
nor or Pallace of White hall.
nor or Pallace of White hall.
South from Charing Crosse on the right hand, are diuers fayre houses lately
builded before the Parke, then a large Tylt
yarde for Noble men,
yarde for Noble men,
Tylt yarde at
Westminster.
and other to exercise themselues in Iusting, Turning, and
Feighting at the Barryars.
On the left hand from Charing Crosse, be also diuers fayre, Tenementes lately
builded till yee come to a large plot of ground inclosed with bricke, and is
called Scotland,
where great building hath beene for receipt of the kinges of
Scotland, and other estates of that Countrie: for Margaret Quéene of
Scots and Systar to king Henry the eight had her abiding there, when shee
came into England after the death of her husband, as the king of Scotland, had in
former times, when they came to the Parliament of Eng
land.
land.
Then is the saide White hal
sometime belonging to Hubart de Brugh Earle of Kent, and Iusticiar of
England, who gaue it to the Blacke Fryars in Oldborne as I haue before noted. King
Henry the eight ordayned it to bée called an honor, and builded there
a sumptuous Gallery and a bewtifull Gate house, thwart the high streete to S.
Iames Parke, &c.
In this Gallorie the Princes with their Nobility, vse to stand or sit, and at
Windowes to beholde all triumphant Iustinges, & other militarie exercises.
Beyond this Gallerie on the left hand is the garden or orchyard belonging to the
saide White hall. On the right hand bée diuers fayre Tennis courtes, bowling
Allies, and a Cocke pit,
Tennis courts Bowling
Allies and Cocke pit
all built by king Henry the eight, and
then one other arched gate with a
way
375
The Citie of Westminster.
way ouer it thwarting the streete
from the kinges gardens to the saide Parke.
From this gate vp kinges streete, to a Bridge ouer Long ditch
minster) neare which Bridge is a way leading to Chanon Row, so called for that the same belonged to the Deane and Chanons of S. Stephens Chappell,
blemen, and Gentlemen be.
Long pitch144.
(so called for that the same
almost insulateth the Citie of Westminster) neare which Bridge is a way leading to Chanon Row, so called for that the same belonged to the Deane and Chanons of S. Stephens Chappell,
S. Stephens Allie.
who were there lodged as now
diuers Noblemen, and Gentlemen be.
From this way vp to the Woolestable and to the high Tow
er, or gate which entreth the Pallace Court, all is replenished with buildinges, and inhabitantes.
er, or gate which entreth the Pallace Court, all is replenished with buildinges, and inhabitantes.
Touching this Woolestable,
warde the first, the Staple being at Westminster the parrishio
ners of S. Margaret, and Marchantes of the Staple builded of new the saide Church, the great Chancell excepted, which was lately before new builded, by the Abbote of Westminster.
T.
Glifforde.
I reade that in
the raign of Edwarde the first, the Staple being at Westminster the parrishio
ners of S. Margaret, and Marchantes of the Staple builded of new the saide Church, the great Chancell excepted, which was lately before new builded, by the Abbote of Westminster.
Moreouer that in the 27. of Edwarde the thirde the Staple of Woole, before kept at Bruges in
Flanders, was ordayned by Parliament to bee kept in diuers places of
England, Wales, & Ireland, as at Newcastle, Yorke, Lincolne,
Canterbury, Nor
witch, Westminster, Chichester, Winchester, Excester, Bristow, and Carmarden, &c. to the greate benefit of the king, and losse vnto strangers, and marchantes. For there grew vnto the king by this meanes (as it was saide) the summe of one thousand a hundred and two pounds by the yere more then any his predicessors before had receiued, the Staple at Westminster at that time began on the next morrow after the feast of S. Peter Ad vincula145. The next yeare there was granted to the king by Parliament towardes the recouery of his title in France, fifty shillinges of euery sacke of Wooll transported ouer seas, for the space of six yeares next ensuing,
witch, Westminster, Chichester, Winchester, Excester, Bristow, and Carmarden, &c. to the greate benefit of the king, and losse vnto strangers, and marchantes. For there grew vnto the king by this meanes (as it was saide) the summe of one thousand a hundred and two pounds by the yere more then any his predicessors before had receiued, the Staple at Westminster at that time began on the next morrow after the feast of S. Peter Ad vincula145. The next yeare there was granted to the king by Parliament towardes the recouery of his title in France, fifty shillinges of euery sacke of Wooll transported ouer seas, for the space of six yeares next ensuing,
Robert de A. nesbery.
by meanes whereof the king might dispend dayly during those yeares, more then a
thousande markes starling. For by the common opinion there were more then 100000.
sackes of Wool yearely transported into forrain landes, so that during six yeares
the saide grant extended to fiftéene hundred thousand pound starling.
In the 37. of Edwarde the thirde
it was granted vnto him for
two
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376
The Citie of Westminster.
two yeares to take six and twenty
shillinges eight pence, vppon euery sacke of Woolle transported and the same yeare
the Staple of Woole (notwithstanding the kings oth and other great estates) was
ordayned to bée kept at Callis and six and twenty marchants the best and welthiest
of all England, to be Farmers there, both of the Towne and Staple for three
yeares, euery marchant to haue six men of Armes, and foure Archers at the kinges
cost. Hée ordayned there also two Maiors, one for the towne, and one for the
Staple, and hée tooke for mala capta commonlie called Maltorth
(I thinke Custome) twentie shillinges, and of the said marchantes Gardians of the
Towne forty pence, vppon euery sacke of Woolle.
In the 44. of Edwarde the
thirde, Quamborough King
ston vpon Hull, and Boston, were made Staples of Wooll, which matter so much offended some, that in the 50. of his raigne in a Parliament at London, it was complayned that the Staple of Woole, was so remoued from Callis to diuers townes in England contrary to the statute, appointing that Citizens and marchantes should kéepe it there, and that the king might haue the profites and customes with the exchange of golde and siluer that was there made, by all the Marchantes in Christendome (e
stemed to amount to 8000 £. by yeare) the Exchange onely: and the Citizens and marchantes so ordred the matter that the king spent nothing vpon souldiers neither vpon defence of the town against the ennemies, whereas now hee spent eight thousande pound by yeare.
ston vpon Hull, and Boston, were made Staples of Wooll, which matter so much offended some, that in the 50. of his raigne in a Parliament at London, it was complayned that the Staple of Woole, was so remoued from Callis to diuers townes in England contrary to the statute, appointing that Citizens and marchantes should kéepe it there, and that the king might haue the profites and customes with the exchange of golde and siluer that was there made, by all the Marchantes in Christendome (e
stemed to amount to 8000 £. by yeare) the Exchange onely: and the Citizens and marchantes so ordred the matter that the king spent nothing vpon souldiers neither vpon defence of the town against the ennemies, whereas now hee spent eight thousande pound by yeare.
In the yeare 1388. the twelfth of Richarde the second,
Manu script. French.
in a Parliament at
Cambridge, it was ordayned that the staple of Wooles
Wooll Staple at Middle. brough.
should be brought
from Middlebrough in Holland to Callis.
In the fouretéenth of his
raigne there was granted 40. s̃. v
pon euery sacke of Woole, and in the one and twentith was gran
ted 50. s̃. vpon euery sacke transported by english men, and thrée pound of by strangers &c. It séemeth that the marchantes of this staple be the most ancient marchantes of this Realm, and that all commodities of the Realme or Staple,
pon euery sacke of Woole, and in the one and twentith was gran
ted 50. s̃. vpon euery sacke transported by english men, and thrée pound of by strangers &c. It séemeth that the marchantes of this staple be the most ancient marchantes of this Realm, and that all commodities of the Realme or Staple,
Staple Mar
chantes the most ancientst of this realme.
marchandizes by law & Charter, as Wooles, Leather, Wool fels, Lead, Tyn, cloth
&c.
chantes the most ancientst of this realme.
King
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The Citie of Westminster.
King Henrie the sixt had
sixe Wooll houses within the Staple at Westminster . those he graunted to
the Deane and Cannons of S. Stephen at Westminster, and
confirmed it the 21. of his raigne. Thus
much for the Staple haue I shortly noted:
And now to passe to the famous Monasterie of Westminster: At the very
entrance of the Close thereof is a lane that leadeth to
ward the West, called Théeuing lane,
ward the West, called Théeuing lane,
Theeuing lane.
for that theeues were led that way to
the Gate house, while the Sanctuarie continued in force.
This Monasterie was founded and builded by Sebert king of the East
Saxons, vpon the perswasion of Ethelbert king of
Kent, who hauing imbraced christianitie, and being baptized by
Meli
tus Bishop of London: immediatly (to shew himselfe a christian indéede) built a church to the honor of God and Saint Peter, on the West side of the cittie of London, in a place (which because it was ouergrowen with thornes, and enuironed with water) the Saxons called Thorney, and now of the Monastery and West situation thereof is called Westminster.
tus Bishop of London: immediatly (to shew himselfe a christian indéede) built a church to the honor of God and Saint Peter, on the West side of the cittie of London, in a place (which because it was ouergrowen with thornes, and enuironed with water) the Saxons called Thorney, and now of the Monastery and West situation thereof is called Westminster.
In this place (saith Fulcardus
Fulcardus.
) long before was a
Temple of Apollo, which being ouerthrowne, King Lucius built
therein a Church of Christianitie.
Sebert was buried in this church, with his wife Athelgoda, whose
bodies many yeares after, to wit in the raigne of Richard the second
(saith Walsingham
Walsingham.
) were translated
from the old church to the new, and there interred.
Edgare King of the West Saxons repaired this Monasterie a
bout the yeare of Christ 958. Edward the Confessor builded it of new, wherevpon T. Clifford writeth thus.
bout the yeare of Christ 958. Edward the Confessor builded it of new, wherevpon T. Clifford writeth thus.
Without the walles of London (saith he) vppon the Riuer of Thames there
was in times passed a little Monasterie,
builded to the honor of God, and Saint Peter,
with a few Benedict Monkes in it, vnder an Abbotte seruing Christ: very
poore they were, and little was giuen them for their reliefe, here the king
intended (for that it was néere to the famous citie of London and the
Riuer of Thames, that brought in all kind of Marchan
dizes from all partes of the worlde) to make his Sepulcher,
dizes from all partes of the worlde) to make his Sepulcher,
he
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The Citie of Westminster.
he commanded therefore that of
the tenthes of all his rentes, the worke should be begunne in such sort as should
become the Prince of the Apostles.
At this his commandement the work is nobly begun, euen from the foundation and
happely procéedeth till the same was finished: the charges bestowed, or to be
bestowed are not regarded. He graunted to this church great priuiledges, aboue all
the churches in this land as partly appeare by this his Charter.
Ꜫꝺꝩeaꞃꝺ Cynȝ ȝꞃæꞇ ꝩillm biseope Ꞁ leoꝼsꞇane Ꞁ Alꝼfie Poꞃꞇ
ȝeꞃeꝼen. Ꞁ ealle minꞃe buꞃhþeȝn on Lúꝺen ꝼꞃeonꝺlice: Anꝺ ic cyþe eoꝩ ꝥ ic hæbbe
seo ȝiꝼꞇa ȝyꝼen Ꞁ vnnam Chꞃisꞇ Ꞁ S. Peꞇeꞃ þam haliȝan Aposꞇel inꞇo ꝩestminsteꞃ:
ꝼulꞃa ꞃeoꝺome oꝼeꞃ ealle þa land þe lonȝaþ inꞇo þæꞃe haliȝan sꞇoꝩ.
&c.
Edwarde King greet William Bishop and Leofstane and Aelffie Portreeues, and all my
Burgesses of London friendly, and I tell you that I haue this giuen and granted to
Christ & S. Peter the holy Apostle at Westminster full freedome ouer all the
land, that belongeth to that holy place. &c.
He also caused ye parish Church of S. Margaret
to be newly
buil
ded, without the Abbie church of Westminster for the ease & com
moditie of the Monks, because before that time the parish Church stoode within the old Abbey church in the South Isle, some what to their annoyance. This church of S. Margaret (which that king Edward builded) continued till the daies of King Edwarde the first, at what time the staple of woolles was at Westminster, and then the parishioners and Merchantes of the Staple builded it all of new (the great chancell excepted, which was done by the Abbots of Westminster as is afore shewed.
ded, without the Abbie church of Westminster for the ease & com
moditie of the Monks, because before that time the parish Church stoode within the old Abbey church in the South Isle, some what to their annoyance. This church of S. Margaret (which that king Edward builded) continued till the daies of King Edwarde the first, at what time the staple of woolles was at Westminster, and then the parishioners and Merchantes of the Staple builded it all of new (the great chancell excepted, which was done by the Abbots of Westminster as is afore shewed.
King Henry the third in the yeare of Christ 1220. began the new worke
of our Ladies Chappell, and in the yeare 1245. the walles and
stéeple of the olde Church (builded by king Edwarde)
tizens of London towardes the charges) appointed a Mart to be kept at Westminster,
were
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The Citie of Westminster.
were taken downe, and inlarging
the same Church, caused them to be made more comely, for the furtherance whereof
in the yeare 1246. the same king (deuising how to extort money
from the citizens of London towardes the charges) appointed a Mart to be kept at Westminster,
A Mart at Westminster.
the same to last
fiftéene dayes, and in the meane space all trade of Merchandise to cease in the
Cittie, which thing the citizens were faine to redéeme with two thousand pound of
siluer.
The worke of this Church with the houses of Office, was fini
shed to the end of the Quire in the yeare 1285. the 14. of Edward the first. All which labour of 66. yeares, was in the yeare 1299. defaced by a fire kindled in the lesser Hall of the Kinges Pallace at Westminster,
nasterie, which was also with the pallace consumed.
shed to the end of the Quire in the yeare 1285. the 14. of Edward the first. All which labour of 66. yeares, was in the yeare 1299. defaced by a fire kindled in the lesser Hall of the Kinges Pallace at Westminster,
Westminster with the
pal
lace burned.
the same with
many other houses adioyning, and with the Quéenes chamber were all consumed, the
flame thereof also (being driuen with the wind) fired the Molace burned.
nasterie, which was also with the pallace consumed.
Then was this Monastery againe repaired by the Abbotes of that Church, king
Edward the first and his successors putting to their helping
handes.
Edward the second apropriated vnto this Church the patro
nages of the Churches of Kelueden and Sabritsworth in Essex in the Diocesse of London.
nages of the Churches of Kelueden and Sabritsworth in Essex in the Diocesse of London.
Simon Langham Abbot (hauing béene a great builder there in the yeare
1362.) gaue 400.£. to the building of the bodie of the church: but
(amongst others) Abbot Islip was in his time a great builder there, as
may appeare in the stone worke, and glasse win
dowes of the Church.
dowes of the Church.
Since whose decease that worke hath staide as hee left it, vn
perfected, the Church and stéeple being all of one height.
perfected, the Church and stéeple being all of one height.
King Henry the seuenth about the yeare of Christ
1502. cau
sed the Chappell of our Ladie,
ster of the Rolles, Doctor Wall, Chaplen to the King, Maister Hugh Aldham, Chaplen to the Countesse of Darbie, and Rich
uers other: vpon the which stone was ingrauen the same day and yeare, &c.
sed the Chappell of our Ladie,
New Chappel at Westmin
ster.
builded by Henry the third, with
a Tauerne also called the White Rose neare adioyning to be taken downe: In which
plot of ground, on the 24. of Ianuary, the first stone of
the new chappell was laid by the handes of Abbot Islip, Sir Reginald
Bray, Knight of the Garter, Doctor Barnes, maister.
ster of the Rolles, Doctor Wall, Chaplen to the King, Maister Hugh Aldham, Chaplen to the Countesse of Darbie, and Rich
mond
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The Citie of Westminster.
mond (the kinges mother) Sir
Edward Stanhop knight, and diuers other: vpon the which stone was ingrauen the same day and yeare, &c.
The charges in building this Chappell amounted to the summe of 14000. pound: the
stone for this worke (as I haue béene in
formed) was brought from Huddlestone quarrie in Yorke shire: The Altar and sepulture of the same King Henry the seuenth, wherein his bodie resteth in this his new chappell, was made and finished in the yeare 1519. by one Peter a Painter of Florence: for the which hee receyued 1000. pounde starling for the whole stuffe and workemanship, at the handes of the kinges executors, Richard Bishop of Winchester, Richard Bishoppe of London, Thomas Bishop of Durham, Iohn Bishoppe of Rochester, T. Duke of Norfolke, Treasurer of Englande, Edward Earle of Worcester the kinges Chamberlaine, Iohn Fineaux knight, Chiefe Iustice of the Common place, &c.
formed) was brought from Huddlestone quarrie in Yorke shire: The Altar and sepulture of the same King Henry the seuenth, wherein his bodie resteth in this his new chappell, was made and finished in the yeare 1519. by one Peter a Painter of Florence: for the which hee receyued 1000. pounde starling for the whole stuffe and workemanship, at the handes of the kinges executors, Richard Bishop of Winchester, Richard Bishoppe of London, Thomas Bishop of Durham, Iohn Bishoppe of Rochester, T. Duke of Norfolke, Treasurer of Englande, Edward Earle of Worcester the kinges Chamberlaine, Iohn Fineaux knight, Chiefe Iustice of the Common place, &c.
This Monasterie being valued to dispend by the yeare 3470. pound &c. was
surrendered to Henry, the eight, in the yeare 1539. And
Benson then Abbot was made the first Deane and not long after it was
aduaunced to a Bishoppes Sea,
in the yeare 1541. Thomas
Thurley being both the first and last Bishop there, who when he had
impouerished the church was translated to Norwich in the yeare 1550.
the fourth of Edward
the sixt, and from thence to Elie, in the yeare 1554.
the second of Quéene Mary, Richard Cox Doctor in Diuinitie (late
schoolmaister to king Edward 6.) was made Deane of Westminster
whom Quéen Mary put out, & made Doctor Weston Deane, vntill
the yere 1556. and then he being remoued from thence on the
21. of Nouember, Iohn Fe
kenham (late Deane of Paules) was made Abbot of Westmin
ster, and tooke possession of the same, being installed, and fourtéene Monkes more receyued the habbot with him that day of the order of Saint Benedict: but the saide Iohn Feckenham with his Monkes enioyed not that place fully thrée yeares for in the yeare 1559. in the moneth of Iuly they were all put out, and Quéene Elizabeth made the saide Monasterie a Colledge,
kenham (late Deane of Paules) was made Abbot of Westmin
ster, and tooke possession of the same, being installed, and fourtéene Monkes more receyued the habbot with him that day of the order of Saint Benedict: but the saide Iohn Feckenham with his Monkes enioyed not that place fully thrée yeares for in the yeare 1559. in the moneth of Iuly they were all put out, and Quéene Elizabeth made the saide Monasterie a Colledge,
Westminster
made a col
ledge.
instituting
there a Deane, twelue Prehendes, twelve poore Almesmen,146 and
ledge.
fortie
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The Citie of Westminster.
f147ortie schollers, calling them the Queenes schollers: and so was it
named the Colledge at Westminster, founded by Q. Elizabeth. D.
Bill one of her Maiesties Chaplens was made the first Dean: after whom
succéeded M. D. Gabriel Goodman, now Resident.
Of the Kinges and Quéenes crowned
Kings and
Queenes crow
ned at West
minster.
in this Church William surnamed Conqueror, &
Matilde his wife were the first: & since them all other Kings and
Quéenes of this realme, haue béene here crowned.
ned at West
minster.
The kinges and Quéenes buried
ward the simple, surnamed Confessor, sometime richly shrined in a Tombe of siluer and Gold, curiously wrought by commande
ment of William the Conqueror, Egitha his wife was there bu
ried also, King Henry the third, whose Sepulture was richly garnished with precious stones of Iasper, which his sonne Ed
ward the first brought out of Fraunce for that purpose: Eleanor wife to Henry the thirde, Edwarde the first who offred to the shrine of Edward the Confessor the chaire of marble, wherein the Kinges of Scotlande were crowned, with the scepter and Crowne also to the same king belonging. Hee gaue also to that church landes to the value of 100. pounde by the yeare, twenty pound thereof yearely to be distributed to the poore for euer: then there lyeth Eleanor his wife, daughter, to Ferdinando king of Castile, Edward the third by Quéene Phillip of Henault his wife. Richard the second and Anne his wife, with their images vpon them, with cost more then foure hundred markes for the guilding: Henry the fift with a royall image of siluer and guilt, which Katherine his wife caused to be laid vpon him, but the head of this image being of massie siluer is broken off, and conuayed a
way with the plates of siluer and guilt that couered his bodie: Ka
therine his wife was buried in the old Lady chappel, but her corps being taken vp in the raigne of Henry the seuenth (when a newe foundation was to bee laide) she was neuer since buried, but remayueth aboue grounde in a coffin of bordes behinde the East ende of the Presbyterie: Henrie the seuenth in a sumptuous
ry the seuenth, Anne of Cleue, wife to Henry the eight: Edmond second sonne to Henry the third, first Earle of Lancaster, Darby, and Leycester, and Aueline his wife, daughter and heire toWil
liam de Fortibus Earle of Albemarle. In S. Thomas chappel lie the bones of the children of Henry the third, and of Edward the first, in number nine. In the Chapter house, Alianor countesse of Barre, daughter to Edward the first, William of Windsore, and Blaunch his sister, children to Edward the thirde: Iohn of Eltham Earle of Cornewell, sonne to Edward the second, Elia
nor wife to Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Gloucester: Tho
mas of Woodstocke by king Edward the third his father: Mar
garet daughter to Edward the fourth, Elizabeth daughter to Henry the seuenth, William de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, Aimer de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, Margaret and Iohn sonne and daughter to William de Valence, Iohn Waltham Bi
shop of Sarum Treasurer of England, Thomas Ruthall Bishop of Durham 1522. Gyles Lord Dawbeny Earle of Bridgewa
ter, Chamberlaine to king Henry the seuenth 1508. and his wife of the family of the Arundelles in Cornewell, Iohn Vicount Welles, 1498. The Ladie Katherine daughter to the Dutchesse of Norfolke, Sir. T. Hungerford knight, father to Sir Iohn Hungerford of Downampney knight, a son & daughter to Hum
frey Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex, and Elizabeth his wife, Philip Dutchesse of Yorke, daughter to the Lorde Mohun, thrice maried, to the Lord Fitzwalter, Sir Iohn Golofer, and to the Duke of Yorke: William Dudley Bishop of Durham, Nicholas Baron Carew, Walter Hungerford sonne to EdmondBiographical sources indicate that Walter Hungerford is the son of Sir Thomas Hungerford., Sir Iohn Burley Knight, and Anne his wife, Sir Iohn Golo
fer Knight, Humfrey Bourchere, Lorde Cromwell, Henry Bourchere sonne and heire to the Lord Barons, and both slain at
ter and heyre to the Lord Bourchere: Robert Browne and Wil
liam Browne Esquires: The Ladie Iohane Tokyne daughter of Dabridge court: George Mortimer bastarde, Iohn Felby Esquire, Anne wife to Iohn Watkins, William Southwike Es
quire, William Southcot Esquire, Raph Constantine gentle
man, Arthur Troffote Esquire, Robert Hall Knight, slaine in that church, Sir Richard Rouse Knight, Sir Geffrey Maun
deuil Earle of Essex, and Athelard his wife, Sir Foulk of New
castle, Sir Iames Barons Knight, Sir Iohn Salisberie knight, Margaret Dowglasse Countesse of Lineaux, with Charles her sonne, Earle of Lineaux: Henry Scogan a learned Poet, in the cloyster. Geffrey Chaucer the most famous Poet of England,
man, raysed a Monument for him in the South crosse Ile of the Church: his workes were partly plublished in print by William Caxton in the raigne of Henry the sixt: Increased by William Thinne Esquire, in the raigne of Henry the eight: Corrected and twice increased through mine owne painefull labours, in the raigne of Queene Elizabeth, to wit, in the yeare 1561. and again beautified with noates, by me collected out of diuers Re
cordes and Monumentes, which I deliuered to my louing friende Thomas Speight, & he hauing drawne the same into a good forme and methode, as also explaned the old and obscure wordes &c. hath published them in Anno 1597.
Kinges and Queenes
buried at Westminster.
in this Church are these: Sebert king of
the East Saxons, with his wife Athelgode, Harold surnamed
Herefote, king of the West Saxons: Edward the simple, surnamed Confessor, sometime richly shrined in a Tombe of siluer and Gold, curiously wrought by commande
ment of William the Conqueror, Egitha his wife was there bu
ried also, King Henry the third, whose Sepulture was richly garnished with precious stones of Iasper, which his sonne Ed
ward the first brought out of Fraunce for that purpose: Eleanor wife to Henry the thirde, Edwarde the first who offred to the shrine of Edward the Confessor the chaire of marble, wherein the Kinges of Scotlande were crowned, with the scepter and Crowne also to the same king belonging. Hee gaue also to that church landes to the value of 100. pounde by the yeare, twenty pound thereof yearely to be distributed to the poore for euer: then there lyeth Eleanor his wife, daughter, to Ferdinando king of Castile, Edward the third by Quéene Phillip of Henault his wife. Richard the second and Anne his wife, with their images vpon them, with cost more then foure hundred markes for the guilding: Henry the fift with a royall image of siluer and guilt, which Katherine his wife caused to be laid vpon him, but the head of this image being of massie siluer is broken off, and conuayed a
way with the plates of siluer and guilt that couered his bodie: Ka
therine his wife was buried in the old Lady chappel, but her corps being taken vp in the raigne of Henry the seuenth (when a newe foundation was to bee laide) she was neuer since buried, but remayueth aboue grounde in a coffin of bordes behinde the East ende of the Presbyterie: Henrie the seuenth in a sumptuous
sepulture
382
The Citie of Westminster.
sepulture, and chappell before
specified, and Elizabeth his wife, Edwarde the sixt in the same
Chappell without any monument, Quéene Mary without any Monument in the
same chappell: Matilde daughter to Malcolne king of Scottes,
wife to Henry the first, lyeth in the Reuestrie: Anne wife to
Richard the third, Margaret Countesse of Richmond
and Darbie, mother to Henry the seuenth, Anne of Cleue, wife to Henry the eight: Edmond second sonne to Henry the third, first Earle of Lancaster, Darby, and Leycester, and Aueline his wife, daughter and heire toWil
liam de Fortibus Earle of Albemarle. In S. Thomas chappel lie the bones of the children of Henry the third, and of Edward the first, in number nine. In the Chapter house, Alianor countesse of Barre, daughter to Edward the first, William of Windsore, and Blaunch his sister, children to Edward the thirde: Iohn of Eltham Earle of Cornewell, sonne to Edward the second, Elia
nor wife to Thomas of Woodstock Duke of Gloucester: Tho
mas of Woodstocke by king Edward the third his father: Mar
garet daughter to Edward the fourth, Elizabeth daughter to Henry the seuenth, William de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, Aimer de Valence Earle of Pembrooke, Margaret and Iohn sonne and daughter to William de Valence, Iohn Waltham Bi
shop of Sarum Treasurer of England, Thomas Ruthall Bishop of Durham 1522. Gyles Lord Dawbeny Earle of Bridgewa
ter, Chamberlaine to king Henry the seuenth 1508. and his wife of the family of the Arundelles in Cornewell, Iohn Vicount Welles, 1498. The Ladie Katherine daughter to the Dutchesse of Norfolke, Sir. T. Hungerford knight, father to Sir Iohn Hungerford of Downampney knight, a son & daughter to Hum
frey Bohun Earle of Hereford and Essex, and Elizabeth his wife, Philip Dutchesse of Yorke, daughter to the Lorde Mohun, thrice maried, to the Lord Fitzwalter, Sir Iohn Golofer, and to the Duke of Yorke: William Dudley Bishop of Durham, Nicholas Baron Carew, Walter Hungerford sonne to EdmondBiographical sources indicate that Walter Hungerford is the son of Sir Thomas Hungerford., Sir Iohn Burley Knight, and Anne his wife, Sir Iohn Golo
fer Knight, Humfrey Bourchere, Lorde Cromwell, Henry Bourchere sonne and heire to the Lord Barons, and both slain at
Barnet
383
The Citie of Westminster.
Barnet, Sir William Trussell knight, Sir Thomas Vaughan
knight, Francis Brandon Dutchesse of Suffolke, Mary her
daughter, Sir Iohn Hampden Knight, Sir Lewes Vicount Robsart
Knight, Lord Bourchere of Henalt, and his wife daughter and heyre to the Lord Bourchere: Robert Browne and Wil
liam Browne Esquires: The Ladie Iohane Tokyne daughter of Dabridge court: George Mortimer bastarde, Iohn Felby Esquire, Anne wife to Iohn Watkins, William Southwike Es
quire, William Southcot Esquire, Raph Constantine gentle
man, Arthur Troffote Esquire, Robert Hall Knight, slaine in that church, Sir Richard Rouse Knight, Sir Geffrey Maun
deuil Earle of Essex, and Athelard his wife, Sir Foulk of New
castle, Sir Iames Barons Knight, Sir Iohn Salisberie knight, Margaret Dowglasse Countesse of Lineaux, with Charles her sonne, Earle of Lineaux: Henry Scogan a learned Poet, in the cloyster. Geffrey Chaucer the most famous Poet of England,
Geffrey Chau
cer the famous poet of England.
also in the Cloyster, 1400. but since Nicholas Brigham
Gentlecer the famous poet of England.
man, raysed a Monument for him in the South crosse Ile of the Church: his workes were partly plublished in print by William Caxton in the raigne of Henry the sixt: Increased by William Thinne Esquire, in the raigne of Henry the eight: Corrected and twice increased through mine owne painefull labours, in the raigne of Queene Elizabeth, to wit, in the yeare 1561. and again beautified with noates, by me collected out of diuers Re
cordes and Monumentes, which I deliuered to my louing friende Thomas Speight, & he hauing drawne the same into a good forme and methode, as also explaned the old and obscure wordes &c. hath published them in Anno 1597.
Anne Stahanhope Dutches of Sommerset & Iane her
daugh
ter, Anne Cecill Countesse of Oxford daughter to the Lorde Burghley, with Mildred Burghley her mother, Elizabeth Barkley Countesse of Ormond, Frauncis Sidney Countesse of Sussex, Elizabeth Countesse of Hertford, Thomas Baron Wentworth, Thomas Baron Wharton: Iohn Lorde Rustell, Sir Thomas Bromley Lord Chauncellor, Sir Iohn Puckering Lord Kéeper. &c.
ter, Anne Cecill Countesse of Oxford daughter to the Lorde Burghley, with Mildred Burghley her mother, Elizabeth Barkley Countesse of Ormond, Frauncis Sidney Countesse of Sussex, Elizabeth Countesse of Hertford, Thomas Baron Wentworth, Thomas Baron Wharton: Iohn Lorde Rustell, Sir Thomas Bromley Lord Chauncellor, Sir Iohn Puckering Lord Kéeper. &c.
This
384
The Cittie of Westminster.
This Church hath had great
priuiledge of Sanctuarie
Sanctuary at
Westminster.
within the precinct therof, to wit, the church, churchyard,
and close, &c. from whence it hath not béene lawfull for any Prince or other,
to take any person that fledde thether for any cause: which priuiledge was first
granted by Sebert king of the East Saxons, since increased by
Edgare king of the West Saxons, renewed and confirmed by king
Edward the Confessor, as appeareth by this his charter following.
Edward by the grace of God, King of Englishmen: I make it to be knowne to all
generations of the world after me, that by speciall commandement of our holy
Father Pope Leo, I haue renewed & honored the holy church of the blessed
Apostle S. Peter of Westminster, & I order and establish for euer, that what
person of what conditi
on or estate soeuer he be, from whence soeuer hee come, or for what offence or cause it be, eyther for his refuge in
to the said holy place, he be assured of his life, liberty and limmes: And ouer this I forbid vnder the paine of euer
lasting damnation, that no minister of mine, or of my suc
cessors intermeddle them with any the goods, landes or possessions of the said persons taking the said Sanctuary: for I haue taken their goodes and liuelod into my speci
all protection, and therefore I graunt to euery each of them in as much as my terrestriall power may suffice, all manner freedome of ioyous libertie: And whosoe
uer presumes or doth contrary to this my graunt, I will he lose his name, worshippe, dignitie, and power, and that with the great traytor Iudas that betrayed our Saui
our, he be in the euerlasting fier of hell, and I will and or
daine that this my graunt endure as long as there remay
neth in England, eyther loue or dread of christian name.
on or estate soeuer he be, from whence soeuer hee come, or for what offence or cause it be, eyther for his refuge in
to the said holy place, he be assured of his life, liberty and limmes: And ouer this I forbid vnder the paine of euer
lasting damnation, that no minister of mine, or of my suc
cessors intermeddle them with any the goods, landes or possessions of the said persons taking the said Sanctuary: for I haue taken their goodes and liuelod into my speci
all protection, and therefore I graunt to euery each of them in as much as my terrestriall power may suffice, all manner freedome of ioyous libertie: And whosoe
uer presumes or doth contrary to this my graunt, I will he lose his name, worshippe, dignitie, and power, and that with the great traytor Iudas that betrayed our Saui
our, he be in the euerlasting fier of hell, and I will and or
daine that this my graunt endure as long as there remay
neth in England, eyther loue or dread of christian name.
More of this Sactuarie ye may read in our histories, and also in the statute of
Henry the eight, the 32. yeare.
Next
386
The Citie of Westminster.
Next to this famous Monastery, is
the Kings principall Pallace, of what antiquitie it is vncertaine: but Edward the Confessor held his Court there: as may appeare by the testimony of sundrie, and namely of Ingulphus, as I haue before told you. The said king had his Pallace, and for the most part remained there: where he al
so ended his life, and was buried in the Monastery which he had builded. It is not to be doubted, but that King William the first, as he was crowned there, so he builded much at this Pallace: for he found it farre inferiour to the building of princely pallaces in France. And it is manifest, by the testimony of many Authors, that William Rufus builded the great Hall there, about the yeare of Christ, 1097 amongst others, Roger of Windouar, and Mathewe Parris, doo write, that King William (being returned out of Normandie into England) kept his feast of Whitsontide very royally at Westmin
ster, in the new Hall which he had lately builded, the length where
of (say some) was 270. foote, and seuentie foure foote in breadth, and when he heard men say, that this Hall was too great, he answered,
Liber Wood
bridge.
and said: this Hall is not bigge inough, by the one halfe, and
is but a Beade chamber in comparison of that I meane to make: a dilibridge.
gent searcher (saith Paris) might finde out the foundation of the hall, which he had supposed to haue builded, stretching from the Riuer of Thames, euen to the common high way. This Pallace was re
paired about the yeare,
Pallace repai
red.
1163. by Thomas Becket,
Chauncelor of England, with excéeding great
celeritie and spéede: which before, was ready to haue fallen downe. This hath
béene the principall seate and Pallace of all the Kings of England, since
the
Conquest: for héere haue
they in the great Hall kept their feasts of Coronation especially, and other
solemne feasts, as at Christmas, and such like, most commonly: for proofe whereof,
I finde Recorded, that in the yeare, 1236. and the twentieth of Henry
the third>, on the 29. of December,
red.
Record Tower.
William de Hauarhull the Kings Treasurer, is commaunded, that vpon the day of Circumcision of our Lord, hee caused 6000. poore people to be fed at Westminster, for the state of the King, the Quéene, and their children: the weake and aged to be pla
ced in the great Hall:
The vse of great Halles was to feede the Poore.
and
in the lesser, those that were most strong, and in reasonable plight: in the Kings
Chamber, the children in the Quéenes: and when the King knoweth the charge, he
would allow
it
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The Citie of Westminster.
it in the accounts. The like
commaundement, the said King Henry gaue to Hugh Gifford and
William Browne, that vpon Fryday next after the Epiphany, they should
cause to be fed in the great Hal of Windfor, at a good fire, all the
poore and néedy children that could be found, and the kings children, being
waighed and measured, their waight and measure to be distributed for their good
estates.
In the yeare 1238. the same King Henry kept his feast
of Christmas at Westminster,
in the great Hall: so did he in the yeare 1241.
where he placed the Legate in the most honourable place of the Table, to wit, in
the middest, which the Noble men tooke in euill part: the King sate on the right
hand, and the Archbishop on the left, and then all the Prelates and Nobles
according to their estates: for the King himselfe set the Guests. The yeare 1242.
he likewise kept his Christmas in the Hall, &c. Also in the yeare 1243.
Richard Earle of Cornwell the Kings brother, married
Cincia, daughter to Beatrice, Countesse of Prouince,
and kept his marriage feast in the great Hall at Westminster, with great
royalty and company of No
ble men: insomuch, that there were tolde (triginta milia) 30000. di
shes of meates at that dinner.
ble men: insomuch, that there were tolde (triginta milia) 30000. di
shes of meates at that dinner.
In the yeare 1256. King Henry sate in the
Exchequer
of this Hall, and there sette downe order for the appearance
of Sheriffes, and bringing in of their accounts: there was fiue Markes set on
euery Sheriffes head for a fine, because they had not distrained eue
ry person, that might dispend fiftéene pound land by the yeare to re
ceiue the order of Knighthoode, as the same Sheriffes were com
manded.
ry person, that might dispend fiftéene pound land by the yeare to re
ceiue the order of Knighthoode, as the same Sheriffes were com
manded.
In the yeares 1268 and 1269. the same king kept
his Christmas feasts at Westminster as before, and also in the same,
1269. he trans
lated with great solemnitie, the body of king E. the Confessor,
lated with great solemnitie, the body of king E. the Confessor,
Translation of E. the Con
fessor.
into a new Chapell, at the backe of the
high Alter: which Chapell hee had prepaired of a meruailous workmanship, bestowing
a new Tombe or Shrine of Golde, and on the day of his translation, hee kept a
royall feast in the great Hall of the Pallace: thus much for the feast of olde
time in this Hall.
fessor.
We read also, that in the yeare 1236. the riuer of thames ouer
flowing the Banques, caused the Marshes about Woolwitch to bee all on a Sea,
flowing the Banques, caused the Marshes about Woolwitch to bee all on a Sea,
Marshes about Woolwitch drowned.
wherein Boates and other vesselles
were carried
with
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The Citie of Westminster.
with the streame, so that besides
cattell, the greatest number of men women, and children, inhabitants there, were
drowned: and in the great Pallace of Westminster, men did rowe with
wheries,
Wheries row
ed in West
minster Hall.
in the middest of the hall, being forced to ride to
their chambers.
ed in West
minster Hall.
Moreouer, in the yeare 1242. the Thames ouerflowing the banques about
Lambhithe, drowned houses and fields, by the space of sixe miles, so
that in the great hall at Westminster, men tooke their hor
sse, because the water ran ouer all. This Pallace was (in the yeare, 1299. the twentie seuenth of Edward the first, brent by a vehement fire,
sumed, but after that repaired. In the yeare, 1313. the 31. of E. the first, the kings treasury at Westminster was robbed,
ter Abbot of Westminster,
berie, of an hundred thousand pound: but they affirming themselues to be cleare of the fact, and desiring the King of spéedie iustice, a com
mission, was directed for inquirie of the truth, & they were freed. In the yeare 1316 E. the 2. did solemnize his feast of Penticost, at West
minster, in the great Hall,
dowes, and roofe, to be taken downe, and newe made, with a stately portch, & diuers lodgings of a meruailous worke, & with great Costs: all which, he leuied of strangers banished, or flying out of their coun
tries, who obtained license to remain in this land by the kings char
ters, which they had purchased with great summes of money.
sse, because the water ran ouer all. This Pallace was (in the yeare, 1299. the twentie seuenth of Edward the first, brent by a vehement fire,
T. Walsinghā. Pallace at Westminster
brent.
kindled in the lesser hall of the Kings house, the same with many
other houses adioyning, and with the Quéenes chamber, were consumed, but after that repaired. In the yeare, 1313. the 31. of E. the first, the kings treasury at Westminster was robbed,
The kings Treasury at Westminster robbed.
for ye which, Walter Abbot of Westminster,
The Abbot
& Monkes sent to the Tower.
with 49. of his brethren, and 32. other
were throwne into the Tower of London, and indighted of the robberie, of an hundred thousand pound: but they affirming themselues to be cleare of the fact, and desiring the King of spéedie iustice, a com
mission, was directed for inquirie of the truth, & they were freed. In the yeare 1316 E. the 2. did solemnize his feast of Penticost, at West
minster, in the great Hall,
E. the 2. kee
ping his feasts at Westm. hal. was presented with a com
plaint, of not rewarding souldiers.
where
sitting royally at the table, with his Peares about him, there entred a woman
adorned like a Minstrell, sitting on a great horse, trapped as Minstrelles then
vsed, who rode round about the tables, shewing pastime, and at length, came vp to
the kings table, and laide before him a letter, and forthwith turning her horse,
saluted euery one, and departed. The letters being opened, had these contents. Our
Soueraigne Lord the King, hath nothing courteously respected his knights, that in
his fathers time, and also in his owne, haue put forth their persons to diuers
perils, and haue vtterly lost, or greatly diminished their substance, for honor of
the said King, and he hath inriched aboundantly such as haue not borne the waight
as yet, of the businesse, &c. This great Hall was begun to be repaired
ping his feasts at Westm. hal. was presented with a com
plaint, of not rewarding souldiers.
Great Hall at Westminster repaired.
in the
yeare, 1397. by Ri. the 2. who caused the walles, windowes, and roofe, to be taken downe, and newe made, with a stately portch, & diuers lodgings of a meruailous worke, & with great Costs: all which, he leuied of strangers banished, or flying out of their coun
tries, who obtained license to remain in this land by the kings char
ters, which they had purchased with great summes of money.
This
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This hall being finished in the
yeare, 1399. the same King kept a most royall Christmas there, with dayly
Iustings and runnings at Tylt, whereunto resorted such a number of people, that
there was euery day spent, twentie eight, or twentie sixe Oxen, and thrée hundreth Shéepe, besides fowle, without number: hee caused a gowne for himselfe to be made of Golde, garnished with Pearle and preci
ous Stone, to the value of 3000. Markes: he was garded by Cheshiere men, and had about him commonly thirtéene Bishops, besides Barons, Knights, Esquires, and other more then néeded: insomuch, that to the houshold, came euery day to meate 10000. people, as appeared by the messes tolde out from the Kitchen to 300. Seruitors.
Thus was this great Hall for the honour of the Prince often
times furnished with guests,
gall Prince) but in the time or other also, both before & since, though not so vsually noted. For when it is said, the King held his Feast of Christmas, or such a Feast at Westminster, it may well bee suppo
sed to bee kept in this great Hall, as most sufficient to such a pur
pose.
times furnished with guests,
Ro. Iuelefe.
not onely in this kings time (a prodigall Prince) but in the time or other also, both before & since, though not so vsually noted. For when it is said, the King held his Feast of Christmas, or such a Feast at Westminster, it may well bee suppo
sed to bee kept in this great Hall, as most sufficient to such a pur
pose.
I finde noted by Robert Fabian,
the Chronickler (some
time a Citizen and an Alderman of London) that king Henry the seuenth,in the ninth of his raigne (holding his royall feast of Christ
mas, at Westminster) on the twelfth day, feasted Raphe Austry, then Mayor of London, and his brethren the Aldermen, with other Commoners in great number, and after dinner, dubbing the Ma
yor Knight, caused him with his brethren, to stay and behold the dis
guizings and other disports, in the night following, shewed in the great Hall, which was richly hanged with Arras, and Staged about on both sides: which disports being ended in the morning, the King, the Quéene, the Ambassadors, and other states, being set at a table of stone, 60. knights, and Esquires, serued 60. dishes to the Kings Messe, and as many to the Quéenes (neither flesh nor fish) and ser
ued the Mayor with twentie foure dishes to his Messe, of the same manner, with sundrie wynes, in most plentious wise: and finally, the King and Quéene, beeing conueyed with great lights into the Pallace, the Mayor with his Company in Barges, returned and came to London, by breake of the next day. Thus much for buil
pose a large house to be builded in the middest of the Pallace Court, betwixt the clocke Tower, and the gate of the olde great Hall, this house was very large and long, made of timber, couered with Tyle, open on both the sides, and at both the endes, that all men might see and heare what was both sayde and done.
time a Citizen and an Alderman of London) that king Henry the seuenth,in the ninth of his raigne (holding his royall feast of Christ
mas, at Westminster) on the twelfth day, feasted Raphe Austry, then Mayor of London, and his brethren the Aldermen, with other Commoners in great number, and after dinner, dubbing the Ma
yor Knight, caused him with his brethren, to stay and behold the dis
guizings and other disports, in the night following, shewed in the great Hall, which was richly hanged with Arras, and Staged about on both sides: which disports being ended in the morning, the King, the Quéene, the Ambassadors, and other states, being set at a table of stone, 60. knights, and Esquires, serued 60. dishes to the Kings Messe, and as many to the Quéenes (neither flesh nor fish) and ser
ued the Mayor with twentie foure dishes to his Messe, of the same manner, with sundrie wynes, in most plentious wise: and finally, the King and Quéene, beeing conueyed with great lights into the Pallace, the Mayor with his Company in Barges, returned and came to London, by breake of the next day. Thus much for buil
ding
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The Citie of Westminster.
ding of this great hall, and
feasting therein. It moreouer appeareth, that many Parliaments haue beene kept
there:
Parliament
kept in Westminster Hall. 148
for I finde noted, that in the yeare 1397. the great Hall at
Westminster, beeing out of reparations, and therefore (as it were newe
builded by Richard the second, (as is before shewed) the same
Richard in the meane time hauing occasion to holde a Parliament,
caused for that purpose a large house to be builded in the middest of the Pallace Court, betwixt the clocke Tower, and the gate of the olde great Hall, this house was very large and long, made of timber, couered with Tyle, open on both the sides, and at both the endes, that all men might see and heare what was both sayde and done.
The Kings archers (in number, 4000. Chesheire men) com
passed the house about with their Bowes bent, and Arrowes noc
ked in their hands, alwayes ready to shoote: they had bouch of court
passed the house about with their Bowes bent, and Arrowes noc
ked in their hands, alwayes ready to shoote: they had bouch of court
Bouch of
Court.
(to wit, meat and drinke) and great wages, of sixe pence by the
day.
The olde great Hall being new builded, Parliaments were a
gaine there kept as before: namely, one in the yeare 1399. for the deposing of Richard the second. A great part of this Pallace at Westminster was once againe brent in the yeare 1512. the fourth of Henry the eight, since the which time, it hath not béene reedi
fied: onely the great Hall, with the offices neare adioyning, are kept in good reparations, and serueth as afore it did, for feasts at Coronations, Arraignments of great persons charged with trea
sons, kéeping of the courts of iustice, &c. But the Princes haue béene lodged in other places about the citie, as at Baynards Castle, at Bridewell, and White Hall, sometime called Yorke Place, and sometimes at S. Iames.
gaine there kept as before: namely, one in the yeare 1399. for the deposing of Richard the second. A great part of this Pallace at Westminster was once againe brent in the yeare 1512. the fourth of Henry the eight, since the which time, it hath not béene reedi
fied: onely the great Hall, with the offices neare adioyning, are kept in good reparations, and serueth as afore it did, for feasts at Coronations, Arraignments of great persons charged with trea
sons, kéeping of the courts of iustice, &c. But the Princes haue béene lodged in other places about the citie, as at Baynards Castle, at Bridewell, and White Hall, sometime called Yorke Place, and sometimes at S. Iames.
This great Hall hath béene the vsuall place of pleadings, and ministration of
Iustice, whereof somewhat shortly I will note. In times past, the courts and
benches followed the King, wheresoeuer he went, as well since the conquest, as
before, which thing at length being thought combersome, painfull, and chargeable
to the people, it was in the yeare 1224. the 9. of H. the 3. agreed, that there should
be a standing place appointed, where matters should be heard and iud
ged, which was in the great Hall at Westminster.
ged, which was in the great Hall at Westminster.
Magna carta. Cōmon
place in Westmin
ster Hall.
ster Hall.
In
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The Citie of Westminster.
In this Hall, be ordained thrée
iudgement seates, to wit, at the entry on the right hand, the common place, where
ciuill matters are to be pleaded,
T.
Smith.
specially such as touch lands, or contracts, at the vpper end of
the Hall, on the right hand (or Southeast corner) the Kings bench where pleas of
the Crowne haue their hearing: and on the left hand or Southwest corner, sitteth
the Lord Chancelor, accompanied with the master of the Rowles, and with certain
other of the 11. mē (learned for the most part in the Ciuill Lawe, and called maisters of the Chauncery)
Court of the Chauncery.
which haue the Kings fée. The
times of pleading in these courts are foure, in the yeare which are called Termes
, the first is Hillary Terme , which beginneth
the 23. of Ianuarie (if it be not Sunday) and endeth the 12. of Februarie. The
second, is Easter Terme , and beginneth 17. dayes after Easter
day, and endeth 4. dayes after Assencion day . The third Terme
beginneth 6. or seuen dayes after Trinitie Sunday , and endeth
the Wednesday fortnight after. The fourth is Michelmas Terme , which be
ginneth the 9. of October (if it be not Sunday) and endeth the 28. of Nouember.149
And here is to be noted, that the Kings of this Realme, haue vsed sometimes to sit
in person in the Kings Bench, namely, King Edward the fourth, in the
yeare, 1462. in Michelmas Terme sate in the Kings Bench thrée dayes togither, in the open Court, to vn
derstand how his lawes were ministred and executed.
derstand how his lawes were ministred and executed.
Within the Port, or entry into the Hall, on either side, are ascendings vp into
large chambers: without the Hall adioyning thereunto, wherein certaine Courts be
kept, namely, on the right hand, is the court of the Exchequer,
newes of the crowne: the hearers of the account, haue Auditors vnder them, but they which are the chéefe for the accounts of the prince, are called Barons of the Exchequer, wherof one is called the chéefe Baron. The greatest officer of al, is called the high Treasurer of England. In this court be heard, those that are delators (or infor
mers) in popular and penall actions, hauing thereby part of the pro
fit by the law assigned vnto them.
Court of the Exchequer.
a place of account, for the
reuenewes of the crowne: the hearers of the account, haue Auditors vnder them, but they which are the chéefe for the accounts of the prince, are called Barons of the Exchequer, wherof one is called the chéefe Baron. The greatest officer of al, is called the high Treasurer of England. In this court be heard, those that are delators (or infor
mers) in popular and penall actions, hauing thereby part of the pro
fit by the law assigned vnto them.
In this Court,
maundements of the iudges, which the Earle should do, if he were not attending vpon the Princes in the Warres, or otherwise about him: for the chéefe office of the Earle was, to sée the Kings iustice to haue course, and to bee well executed in the Shire, and the Princes Reuenewes to bee well aunswered and brought into the Treasury.
Informers.
(if any question
bee) it is determined after the order of the common Law of England, by
twelue men, and all subsidies,
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The Citie of Westminster.
sidies, Taxes, and Customes, by
account, for in this office, the Sheriffes of the Shire do attend vpon the
execution of the commaundements of the iudges, which the Earle should do, if he were not attending vpon the Princes in the Warres, or otherwise about him: for the chéefe office of the Earle was, to sée the Kings iustice to haue course, and to bee well executed in the Shire, and the Princes Reuenewes to bee well aunswered and brought into the Treasury.
If any fines or amerciaments bee extracted out of any of the said courts vpon any
man, or any arrerages of accounts, of such things as is of customes, taxes and
subsidies, or other such like occa
sions, the same the Sheriffe of the Shire doth gather, and is answe
rable therefore in the Exchequer, as for other ordinary rents, of pa
trimoniall lands, and most commonly of taxes, customes, and sub
sidies, there be particular receiuers and collectors, which do answer it into the Exchequer. This Court of the Exchequer, hath of olde time (and as I thinke, since the conquest) béene kept at Westmin
ster, notwithstanding, sometimes remooued thence by commaun
dement of the king, for a time, and after restored againe, as name
ly, in the yeare, 1209. King Iohn commaunded the Exche
quer to be remooued from Westminster, to Northampton, &c.
sions, the same the Sheriffe of the Shire doth gather, and is answe
rable therefore in the Exchequer, as for other ordinary rents, of pa
trimoniall lands, and most commonly of taxes, customes, and sub
sidies, there be particular receiuers and collectors, which do answer it into the Exchequer. This Court of the Exchequer, hath of olde time (and as I thinke, since the conquest) béene kept at Westmin
ster, notwithstanding, sometimes remooued thence by commaun
dement of the king, for a time, and after restored againe, as name
ly, in the yeare, 1209. King Iohn commaunded the Exche
quer to be remooued from Westminster, to Northampton, &c.
On the left hand aboue the staire is the Duchie chamber, where
in is kept, the court for the Duchie of Lancaster, by a Chauncelor of that Duchie, and other officers vnder him.
ther chamber, the office of receits
in is kept, the court for the Duchie of Lancaster, by a Chauncelor of that Duchie, and other officers vnder him.
Douch court.
Then is there in an
other chamber, the office of receits
office of receit
of the
Quéenes Reuenewes, for the Crowne: then is there also, the Starre chamber,
where in the Tearme time
euery wéeke once at the least, (which is commonly on Fridayes and Wednesdayes, and
on the next day after, the Terme endeth) the Lord Chauncelor and the Lords, and
other of the priuie counsell, and the two chief Iustices of England, from
9. of the clock, till it be 11. do sit. This place is called the Starre chamber,
because the roofe thereof is decked with the likenesse of Starres guilt, there be
plaints heard, of ryots, rowtes, and other misdemeanors, which if they be found by
the Kings Councell, the partie the offender, shalbe censured by these persons,
which speake one after another, and hee shalbe both fined and commaunded to the
prison.
Then
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Then at the vpper ende of the
great Hall, by the Kings Bench, is a going vp, to a great chamber, called the
white Hall, wherein is now kept the Court of Wardes, and Liueries:
The court of Wardes and Liueries.
and adioyning
thereunto, is the Court of Requests.
Court of
Requests.
Then is Saint Stephens chappell,
of olde time founded by King
Stephen, and againe since, of a farre more curious workemanship, newe builded by King Edward the third, in the yeare, 1347. for thirtie eight persons, in that church to serue God, to wit, a Deane, twelue secular Cannons, thirtéene Uickars, foure Clarkes, sixe Chorsles, two Seruitors, to wit, a Uerger, and a kéeper of the Chappell. Hee builded for those, from the house of re
ceit, along nigh to the Thames, within the same Pallace, there to inhabite, and since that, there was also builded for them, betwixt the the clocke house, and the wooll staple, called the wey-house. Hee al
so builded to the vse of this chapell, (though out of the Pallace court) some distance West, in the little Sanctuarie,
Litle Sanctu
arie.
a strong Clotchard of stone and timber,
couered with Leade, and placed therein, thrée belles, about the biggest of the
which (as I haue béene informed) was written.
arie.
King Edward made mee,
Thirtie thousand and three,
Take me downe and wey mee,
And more shall yee finde mee.
The said King Edward, endowed this chapell with lands, to the yearely
value of 500. pound. Doctor Iohn Chambers, the kings phi
sitian (the last Deane of this Colledge) builded thereunto a cloyster
dred to E. the 6. since the which time, the same chapell hath serued as a Parliament house. This Pallace (before the entry thereinto) hath a large court, and in the same, a tower of stone, containing a clocke,
ry year to each one a gowne and a hood ready made: and to 3. womē that dressed their meat, and kept them in their sicknesse, each to haue euery Satterday 16. pence, and euery yeare a gowne ready made. More to the 13. poore men yearely 80. quarters of cole, and 1000. of good faggots to their vse: in the hall and kitchen of their mansion, a discréete Monk to be ouerseer of them, and he to haue 40. shillings by the yeare, &c. and hereunto was euery Abbot and Pryor sworne. Neareunto this house westward, was an olde chapell of S. Anne,
mory,
to Totehill field, Stourton house, which Gyles, the last L. Dacre of the South,150 purchased and built new, whose Lady, and wife Anne, (sister to Thomas the Lord Buckhurst) left money to her Executors to build an Hospitall for 20. poore women, and so many children to be brought vp vnder thē, for whose maintenance she assigned lands, to the valew of 100. pound by the yeare: which Hospitall,
cutors haue new begun, in the field adioyning. From the entry into Totehil field, the stréete is called Petty Fraunce, in which, and vpon S. Hermits hill, on the South side thereof, Cornelius van dun (a Brabander borne, Yeomen of the Guard, to King H. the 8. King E. the 6. Quéene Mary and Quéene Elizabeth) built 20. houses for poore women to dwell rent frée:
ster for ciuill gouernment is diuided in 12. seuerall Wardes, for the which, the Deane of the Collegiat church of Westm. or the high Steward, do elect 12. Burgesses, and as many assistants, that is, one Burgesse,
beth, to heare, examine, determine, and punish according to ye lawes of the Realme, and lawfull customes of the citie of London, matters of incontinencie, common scoldes, inmates, and common annoyan
ces, and likewise, to commit such persons as shall offend against the peace, and thereof to giue knowledge within 24. houres to some Iu
stice of peace, in the countie of Midlesex.
sitian (the last Deane of this Colledge) builded thereunto a cloyster
Cloyster of S. Stephens Cha
pel builded.
of curious workemanship, to the charges
of 11000. Markes. This chapel (or colledge) at the suppression, was valued to
dispend in lands by the yeare 1085. pound 10. shillings 5. pence, and was
surrenpel builded.
dred to E. the 6. since the which time, the same chapell hath serued as a Parliament house. This Pallace (before the entry thereinto) hath a large court, and in the same, a tower of stone, containing a clocke,
Clock house at Westminster.
which striketh euery houre on a great bell, to be heard into the Hall, in sitting
time of the courts, or otherwise: for the same clock (in a calme) will be heard
into the citie of London. King H. the sixt, gaue the kéeping of
this clock,
Fountaine in the Pallace
Court.
with the Tower, called the clock house and the appurtenances,
vnto W. Walsby, Deane of S. Stephens, with the wages of six
pence by the day, out of the Exchequer. By this
Tower
393
The Citie of Westminster.
Tower standeth a Fountaine, which
at the Coronations, and other great triumphes, is made to run with wine out of
diuers spouts. On the East side of this court, is an arched gate to the riuer of
Thames, with a faire bridge and landing place,
Westminster bridge or common landing place.
for all men that haue
occasion. On the North side, is the South end of S. Stephens Alley, or
Canon Rowe; and also, a way into the olde wooll staple: and on the west side is a
very faire gate begun by Ri. the 3. in the yeare 1484. and was by him
builded a great heigth, and many faire lodgings in it, but left vnfinished, and is
called the high Tower at Westminster.
High tower at Westminster.
Thus much for the Monastery and Pallace, may
suffise. And now will I speake of the Gate-house,
Gate house at Westminster.
and of Totehilstréete, stretching from the
West part of the Close. The Gate-house is so called of two Gates, the one out of
the colledge court toward the North, on the East side wherof, was the Bishop of
Londons prison, for clarkes conuict, and the other gate adioyning to
the first, but towards the west, is a gaile, or prison for offenders thither
committed. Walter Warfield celerar to the Monastery, caused both these
gates with the appurtenances to be builded in the raigne of E. the 3. On
the South side of this gate, King H. the 7. founded an almeshouse,
for 13. poore
men: one of them to be a Priest, aged 45. yeares, a good Gramarian, the other 12
to be aged fiftie yeares without wiues, euey Satterday the Priest to receiue of
the Abbot, or Pryor, 4. pence by the day, and each other 2 pence halfe penny by
the day for euer, for their sustenance, and euery year to each one a gowne and a hood ready made: and to 3. womē that dressed their meat, and kept them in their sicknesse, each to haue euery Satterday 16. pence, and euery yeare a gowne ready made. More to the 13. poore men yearely 80. quarters of cole, and 1000. of good faggots to their vse: in the hall and kitchen of their mansion, a discréete Monk to be ouerseer of them, and he to haue 40. shillings by the yeare, &c. and hereunto was euery Abbot and Pryor sworne. Neareunto this house westward, was an olde chapell of S. Anne,
Chapell of S. Anne.
ouer against the which, the Lady Margaret,
mother to king H. the 7 erected an
Almeshouse for poore women, which is now turned into lodgings for the singing men
of the colledge: the place wherein this chapell and Almeshouse standeth, was
called the Elemosinary or Almory,
Almory at Westminster.
now corruptly the
Ambry, for that the Almes of the Abbey were there distributed to the poore. And
therein Islip Abbet of Westminster
394
The Citie of Westminster.
minster, first practized and
erected the first Presse of booke Printing that euer was in England,
about the yeare of
Christ, 1471. From the West gate runneth along Totehill stréete,
Totehil street.
wherein is a house of the
Lord Gray of Wilton, and on the other side at the entry into Totehill field, Stourton house, which Gyles, the last L. Dacre of the South,150 purchased and built new, whose Lady, and wife Anne, (sister to Thomas the Lord Buckhurst) left money to her Executors to build an Hospitall for 20. poore women, and so many children to be brought vp vnder thē, for whose maintenance she assigned lands, to the valew of 100. pound by the yeare: which Hospitall,
Hospitall foun
ded by Lady Anne Dacre.
her Exeded by Lady Anne Dacre.
cutors haue new begun, in the field adioyning. From the entry into Totehil field, the stréete is called Petty Fraunce, in which, and vpon S. Hermits hill, on the South side thereof, Cornelius van dun (a Brabander borne, Yeomen of the Guard, to King H. the 8. King E. the 6. Quéene Mary and Quéene Elizabeth) built 20. houses for poore women to dwell rent frée:
Almeshouses for poore wo
women.
and neare hereunto was a chappell of
Mary Magdalen,
women.
Chappel of Mary
Mag
dalen.
now wholly ruinated.
The citie of Westmindalen.
ster for ciuill gouernment is diuided in 12. seuerall Wardes, for the which, the Deane of the Collegiat church of Westm. or the high Steward, do elect 12. Burgesses, and as many assistants, that is, one Burgesse,
Gouernment of Westmin
ster Citie.
and one Assistant, for euery Warde, out of the which 12
Burgesses, 2. are nominated yearely, vpon Thursday in Easter wéeke, for chief
Burgesses to continue for one yeare next following, who haue authoritie giuen them
by the Act of Parliament 27. Elizaster Citie.
beth, to heare, examine, determine, and punish according to ye lawes of the Realme, and lawfull customes of the citie of London, matters of incontinencie, common scoldes, inmates, and common annoyan
ces, and likewise, to commit such persons as shall offend against the peace, and thereof to giue knowledge within 24. houres to some Iu
stice of peace, in the countie of Midlesex.
395
Spirituall Gouernor. Gouernors of the Citie of London, and first of the
Ecclesiasticall, Bishops, and other Ministers there.
HAuing thus run thorow the description of these cities of London and
Westminster, as well in their Originall foundations, as in their
increa
ses of buildings and Ornamēts, togither with such incidēts of sundry sorts, as are before, both generally and particularly discoursed: It re
maineth, that somewhat bee noted by me, tou
ching the policie and gouernment, both Ecclesi
asticall and Ciuill, of London, as I haue already done for West
minster, the order wherof, is appointed by late Statute, euen as that of London is maintained by the customes therof,
sed before all the time of memorie. And first, to begin with the Eccle
siasticall Iurisdiction, I read, that the Christian faith was first prea
ched in this Iland (then called Britaine) by Ioseph of Aramathia, and his brethren Disciples of Christ, in the time of Aruiragus, then Gouernor here, vnder the Romane Emperor: after which time, Lucius (King of the Britaines) sent his Ambassadors Eluanus, and Meduuinus (two men learned in the Scriptures) with letters to E
leutherius Bishop of Rome, desiring him to send some deuout and learned men, by whose instruction he and his people might be taught the faith and religiō of Christ. Eleutherius baptised those messēgers, making Eluanus a Bishop, and Meduuinus a Teacher, and sent o
uer with them into Britaine, two other famous Clerkes, Faganus and Deuuianus, by whose diligence, Lucius and his people of Bri
taine, were instructed in the faith of Christ, and baptised: the Tem
ples of Idols, were conuerted into Cathedrall churches, & Bishops were placed where Flāmines before had bin: at London, Yorke, and Carleon vpon Vske, were placed Archbishops, &c. The Epistle said to be sent, by Eleutherius to king Lucius, for the establishing of the faith, ye may read in my Annalles, Sommaries, & Chronicles, truly translated & set downe, as mine author hath it,
led and corrupted it, and then fathered it vpon the reuerend Bede, who neuer wrote word thereof, or otherwise, to that effect.
ded the same church to be an Archbishops See, and Metrapolitane, or chiefe church of his Kingdome, and that it so indured the space of foure hundred yeares, vntill the comming in of Augustine the Moonke, and others, from Rome, in the raigne of the Sax
ons.
ses of buildings and Ornamēts, togither with such incidēts of sundry sorts, as are before, both generally and particularly discoursed: It re
maineth, that somewhat bee noted by me, tou
ching the policie and gouernment, both Ecclesi
asticall and Ciuill, of London, as I haue already done for West
minster, the order wherof, is appointed by late Statute, euen as that of London is maintained by the customes therof,
Antiquities of
Glasto.
most laudably vsed before all the time of memorie. And first, to begin with the Eccle
siasticall Iurisdiction, I read, that the Christian faith was first prea
ched in this Iland (then called Britaine) by Ioseph of Aramathia, and his brethren Disciples of Christ, in the time of Aruiragus, then Gouernor here, vnder the Romane Emperor: after which time, Lucius (King of the Britaines) sent his Ambassadors Eluanus, and Meduuinus (two men learned in the Scriptures) with letters to E
leutherius Bishop of Rome, desiring him to send some deuout and learned men, by whose instruction he and his people might be taught the faith and religiō of Christ. Eleutherius baptised those messēgers, making Eluanus a Bishop, and Meduuinus a Teacher, and sent o
uer with them into Britaine, two other famous Clerkes, Faganus and Deuuianus, by whose diligence, Lucius and his people of Bri
taine, were instructed in the faith of Christ, and baptised: the Tem
ples of Idols, were conuerted into Cathedrall churches, & Bishops were placed where Flāmines before had bin: at London, Yorke, and Carleon vpon Vske, were placed Archbishops, &c. The Epistle said to be sent, by Eleutherius to king Lucius, for the establishing of the faith, ye may read in my Annalles, Sommaries, & Chronicles, truly translated & set downe, as mine author hath it,
Liber albus constitut.
for
some haue curtolled and corrupted it, and then fathered it vpon the reuerend Bede, who neuer wrote word thereof, or otherwise, to that effect.
But
396
Gouernment Spirituall.
But to my matter of our
London Bishops, as I finde it written: First, there remaineth in the
Parish church of Saint Peter vppon Cornhill in Londō,
a Table, wherein is written, that Lucius founded the same church to be an Archbishops See, and Metrapolitane, or chiefe church of his Kingdome, and that it so indured the space of foure hundred yeares, vntill the comming in of Augustine the Moonke, and others, from Rome, in the raigne of the Sax
ons.
The Archbishops names, I finde onely to be set downe by Io
celine of Furdes, in his book of Brittish Bishops, and not elsewhere.
celine of Furdes, in his book of Brittish Bishops, and not elsewhere.
-
2. Eluanus was the second, and hee builded a Library to the same Church adioyning, and conuerted many of the Dreudes (learned men in the Paganne lawe) to the Christian faith.
-
3. Cadar was the third: then followed,
-
4. Obinus.
-
5. Conan.
-
6. Paludius.
-
7. Stephen.
-
8. Iltute.
-
9. Dedwin.
-
10. Thedred.
-
11. Hillary.
-
12. Guidelium.
-
13. Vodimus, he was slaine by the Saxons.
-
14. Theanus (the fourtéenth and the last) for he fled with the Bri
taines into Wales, about the yeare of Chrst, 587. Thus much out of Iocelin of the Archbishops:I151. Tome com.the credit whereof I leaue to the iudge
ment of the learned: for I reade of a Bishop of London (not before named) in the yeare of Christ 326. to bee present at the 2. generall Councell holden at Arles, in the time of Constantine the great, who subscribed thereunto in these wordes, Ex prouincia Bri
taniæ Ciuitate Londinensi Restitutus Episcopus: as plainely appeareth in the first Tombe of the Counsailes.
He
397
Gouernment Spirituall.
he writeth not himselfe Archbishop,
and therefore maketh the matter of Archbishops doubtfull, or rather ouerthroweth
that opinion.
The Saxons being Pagons, hauing chased the Brittons, with the Christian Preachers,
into the Mountaines of Wales and Corne
wall: and hauing deuided this Kingdome of the Brittons amongst themselues, at the length (to wit, in the yeare 596.) Pope Gregorie moued of a godly instinction (sayeth Bede) in the 147. yeare, after the arriual of the Angles (or Saxons) in Britaine , sent Augustine, Miletus, Iustus, and Iohn, with other Moonks, to preach of Gospel, to the said Nation of the Angles in Britaine: these landed in the Ile of Thanet, and were first receiued by Ethelbert, King of Kent, whom they conuerted to the Faith of Christ, with diuers other of his people in the 34. yeare of his Raigne: which Ethelbert gaue vnto Augustine, the Citie of Canterburie.
wall: and hauing deuided this Kingdome of the Brittons amongst themselues, at the length (to wit, in the yeare 596.) Pope Gregorie moued of a godly instinction (sayeth Bede) in the 147. yeare, after the arriual of the Angles (or Saxons) in Britaine , sent Augustine, Miletus, Iustus, and Iohn, with other Moonks, to preach of Gospel, to the said Nation of the Angles in Britaine: these landed in the Ile of Thanet, and were first receiued by Ethelbert, King of Kent, whom they conuerted to the Faith of Christ, with diuers other of his people in the 34. yeare of his Raigne: which Ethelbert gaue vnto Augustine, the Citie of Canterburie.
This Augustine in the yeare of Christ, 604. consecrated
Meli
tus, and Iustus Bishops, appointing Melitus to preach vnto the East Saxons, whose chiefe Citie was London: and there King Sebert Nephewe to Ethelbert by preaching of Melitus, receiued the word of life: the then Ethelbert (King of Kent) builded in the Citie of London, Saint Pauls, Church wherein Melitus began to bee Bi
shop, in the yeare, 619. and sate fiue yeares. Ethelbert by his Char
ter, gaue lands to this Church of Saint Paule: so did other kings after him: King Sebert through the good life and like preaching of Melitus, hauing receiued Baptisme, To shew himself a Christian, builded a Church, to the honour of God and S. Peter, on the West side of London, which Church is called Westminster, but the Successors of Sebert (beeing Pagannes) expelled Meli
tus.
tus, and Iustus Bishops, appointing Melitus to preach vnto the East Saxons, whose chiefe Citie was London: and there King Sebert Nephewe to Ethelbert by preaching of Melitus, receiued the word of life: the then Ethelbert (King of Kent) builded in the Citie of London, Saint Pauls, Church wherein Melitus began to bee Bi
shop, in the yeare, 619. and sate fiue yeares. Ethelbert by his Char
ter, gaue lands to this Church of Saint Paule: so did other kings after him: King Sebert through the good life and like preaching of Melitus, hauing receiued Baptisme, To shew himself a Christian, builded a Church, to the honour of God and S. Peter, on the West side of London, which Church is called Westminster, but the Successors of Sebert (beeing Pagannes) expelled Meli
tus.
Iustus
gebert (sonne to Sigebert, brother to Sebert) ruled in Essex, heh became a Christian, and tooke to him, a holy man named Cedde, or (Chadde) who wan many by preaching, and good life to the Chri
stian Religion.
2. Iustus,
624.
the second, Bishop for a time, and then
Melitus againe: after whose decease, the seate was voyde for a time:
at length Sigebert (sonne to Sigebert, brother to Sebert) ruled in Essex, heh became a Christian, and tooke to him, a holy man named Cedde, or (Chadde) who wan many by preaching, and good life to the Chri
stian Religion.
Cedde or (Chad) was by Finan consecrated Bishop of the
East Saxons, and he ordered Priests and Deacons in all the parts of
Essex, but especially at Ithancaster, and Tilberry.
uer, Pont that runneth by the Maldun in the hundred of Danesey, but now that Citie is drowned in Paute, so that nothing remaineth but the ruine of the Cittie in the Riuer, Tilburie (both the West and East) standeth on the Thames side, nigh ouer against Graues
ende.
This
398
Gouernment Spirituall.
This Citie (saith Raphe
Cogshall)
stoode on the banque of the Riuer, Pont that runneth by the Maldun in the hundred of Danesey, but now that Citie is drowned in Paute, so that nothing remaineth but the ruine of the Cittie in the Riuer, Tilburie (both the West and East) standeth on the Thames side, nigh ouer against Graues
ende.
Wina
4. Wina, 666.
expelled
from the church of Winchester, by Cenewalche the King, was
adopted to be the fourth Bishop of London, in the raigne of
Wolferus, King of Mercia, and sat 9. yeares.
Erkenwalde
fore that he was made Bishop) had builded two Monasteries, one for himselfe (being a Monke) at Crotsey
rey, by the Riuer of Thames, and an other for his sister Edilburge, being a Nun, in a certaine place, called Berching in Essex: he decea
sed at Berching, in the yeare, 697. and was buried in Pauls church, and was from thence, translated into the newe Church of Saint Paule, on the eightéenth kallendes of December, in the yeare, 1148.
5. Erkenwald 680.
(borne in
the Castle, or towne of Stallingborough in Lindsey) first Abbot
of Crotesey, was by Theodore, Archbishop of
Canterburie, appointed to be Bishop of the East Saxons, in the Citie of
London. This Erkenwald
in the
yeare of Christ, 677. (before that he was made Bishop) had builded two Monasteries, one for himselfe (being a Monke) at Crotsey
Crotesey, or Chartesey.
in the Ile of
Crote, in Surrey, by the Riuer of Thames, and an other for his sister Edilburge, being a Nun, in a certaine place, called Berching in Essex: he decea
sed at Berching, in the yeare, 697. and was buried in Pauls church, and was from thence, translated into the newe Church of Saint Paule, on the eightéenth kallendes of December, in the yeare, 1148.
Waldhere
ons, came to this Waldhere, Bishop of London, and at his hands receiued the habite of a Monke (for at that time, there were Monkes in Pauls Church, as writeth Radulphus Dedicato, and others) to this Bishop he brought a great summe of money, to be bestowed and giuen to the poore, reseruing nothing to himselfe, but rather desired to remaine poore in goods, as in Spirit, for the Kingdome of Heauen: when he had raigned 30. yeare, he deceased at Powles, and was there buried, and lyeth now in a coffin of stone on the North side of the Ile next the Quire.
6. Waldhere 697.
Bishop of
London, Sebba King
King Sebba became
a Monke in Pauls church.
of the East Saxons, came to this Waldhere, Bishop of London, and at his hands receiued the habite of a Monke (for at that time, there were Monkes in Pauls Church, as writeth Radulphus Dedicato, and others) to this Bishop he brought a great summe of money, to be bestowed and giuen to the poore, reseruing nothing to himselfe, but rather desired to remaine poore in goods, as in Spirit, for the Kingdome of Heauen: when he had raigned 30. yeare, he deceased at Powles, and was there buried, and lyeth now in a coffin of stone on the North side of the Ile next the Quire.
716
Ingwaldus the Bishop of London, was at the Consecration of
Tatwine, Archbishop of Canterbrie: and hee confirmed the
foundation of Crowland in the yeare, seuen hundred sixtéene,
(saith Ingulfus) and deceased in the yeare, 744. as saith Houedon.
-
886.Elstanus Bishop of London, dyed in the yeare 900. saith Asser, and all these (saith the Author of Flores Historiarum) were buried in the old church of S. Paul: but there remaineth memories there.
-
900.Theodoricus Bishop of Londō: this man confirmed king Edreds Charter, made to Winchester, in the yeare, 947. whereby it séemeth that he was B. of London of a later time, then he is héere placed.
-
1050.Spechasius elected but reiected by the King.
-
1051.William a Norman, Chaplaine to Edward the Confessor, was made Bishop of London, 1051. sate 17. yeares, and deceased 1070. he obtained of William the Conqueror, the Charter of liberties for the Cittie of London, as I haue sette downe in my Sum
marie. -
1085.Mauricius Bishoppe of London: in whose time (to wit, in the yeare, 1086.) the Church of Saint Paul was brent, with the most part of this Citie: and therefore hee laide the foundation of a newe large church, and hauing sitten twentie two yeares, he deceased 1107 saith Paris.
-
1108.Richard Beames (or Beamor) Bishop of London, did won
derfully increase the worke of this church begunne, purchasing the stréetes and Lanes adioyning of his owne money, and hee founded the Monastery of S. Osyth in Essex, he sat Bishop 19. yeares, and deceased, 1127. -
1141.Gilbertus Vniuersalis a Canon of Lyons, elected by Henry the 1. he deceased 1141, when he had sitten 14. yeares.
-
1152.Robert de Segillo a Monke of Reading, whom Mawde the Empresse, made Bishop of London: where hee sate eleuen yeares. Geffrey de Magnauile, tooke him prisoner, at Fulham, and he decea
sed, 1152. -
1163.Gilbert Foliot Bishop of Hereford, from whence hee was translated to London, and there sate twentie thrée yeares, and decea
sed, 1186. -
1189.Richard Fitz Nele the kings treasurer, Arch-deacon of Essex, elected Bishop of London, at Pipwell, 1189. hee sate nine yeares, and deceased 1198. this man also tooke great paines about the buil
ding of Powles church, and raised, many other goodly buildings in his decease. -
1199.William S. Mary Church, a Norman, Bishop of London,who
401Spirituall Gouernments.who was one of the thrée Bishops that by the Popes commande
ment executed his interdiction or curse vpon the whole realme of England, but hee was forced with the other Bishops to flie the Realme in 1208. and his Castle at Stortforde in Essex, was by commandement of king Iohn ouerthrown, 1210. This William in company of the Archbishop of Canterbury, and of the Bishop of Ely went to Rome, and there complayned against the King 1212. and returned, so as in the yeare 1215. King Iohn in the Church of Saint Paule, at the hands of this VVilliam tooke vpon him the Crosse for the holy land, hée resigned his Bishopricke of his owne voluntarie, in the yeare 1221. saieth Cogshall. -
1221.Eustachius de Fauconbridge, Treasurer of the Exche
quer (sayeth Paris) Chancelor of the Exchequer (sayeth Textor, and Cogshall) Bishoppe of London, 1223. whilest at Chelmes
forde hee was giuing holy orders, a great Tempest of wind and rayne annoyed so many as came thether, whereof it was gathe
red, how highly God was displeased with such as came to receiue orders, to the end they may liue a more easie life of the stipendes appointed to Church men giuing themselues to banqueting, and so with vncleane and filthie bodies, (but more vncleane soules) pre
sume to minister vnto God, the author of purity and cleanenesse. Falcatius de Brent, was deliuered to his custody in the yeare 1224: this Eustacius deceased in the yeare 1228. and was bu
ried in Paules church, in the southside without the Quire. -
1229.Roger Niger Archdeacon of Cholchester, made Bi
shop of London, in the yeare 1230. (sayeth Paris vppon the feast day of the conuersion of S. Paule) when he was at Masse in the Cathedrall Church of S. Paule, a great multitude of people be
ing there present, sodenly the weather waxed darke, so as one could skantly sée another, and an horrible thunder clap lighted on the church, which so shooke it that it was like to haue fallen, and there of withall out of a darke cloude proceeded such a flash of such light
ning, that all the church seemed to bee on fire, whereupon such a stench ensued, that all men thought they should haue dyed, thou
sandes of men and women, ran out of the Church, and being asto
nied fell vpon the ground, voide of all sence, and vnderstanding, none of all the multitude tarried in the church, saue the Bishop & one Deacon, which stood still before the high Alter, awaiting thewillDd
402Spiritual Gouernments.will of God, and when the aire was clensed, the multitude retur
ned into the Church, and the Bishop ended the seruice. This Roger Niger is commended to haue beene a man of worthy life, excellently well learned, a notable Preacher, pleasant in talke, milde of countenance, and liberall at his table, hee fell sicke, and dyed at his Mannor of Bishops hall in Stebunheth, in the yeare 1241. and was buried in Paules Church, on the North side of the Quire, in a fayre Tombe of gray Marble. -
1241.Fulco Basset, Deane of Yorke, Bishop of London, deceased on the 21. day of May, in the yeare 1259. (as sayeth Textor) and was buried in Powles church.
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1259.Henry Wingham Chancelor of England, made Bishop of London, deceased in the yeare 1262, (sayeth Textor) and was buried in Powles Church, on the south side without the Quire in a marble monument.
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1262.Richard Talot Bishop of London, straight waies after his consecration deceased, saith Euersden.
-
1273.Iohn Cheshull Deane of Poules, Treasurer of Eng
land, and keeper of the great Seale, was Bishop of London, and deceased in the yeare 1279. saith Euersden. -
1280.Richard Grauesend, Archedeacon of Northampton Bishop of London. It appeareth by the Charter warren granted to this Bishop, that in this time there were two woods in the pa
rish of Stebunhith pertaining to the said Bishop: I haue my selfe knowne the one of them by Bishops Hall, but nowe they are both made plaine, and not to be discerned from other grounds. Some haue fabuled that this Richard Grauesend Bishop of London, in the yeare 1392. the 16. of Richarde of second, purchased the Charter of liberties, to this Citie: which thing hath no possibilitie of trueth, as I haue proued, for hee deceased in the yeare 1303. al
most 90. yeares before that time.Fable of Ri
chard Graues
end reproued. -
1303Ralphe Baldoke Deane of Paules, Bishop of London consecrated at Lions by Peter Bishop of Alba in the yeare 1307. he was a great furtherer of the new worke of Paules, to wit, ye eastend
304Spirituall Gouernments.end called our lady chapel, & other adioyning this Ralph deceased in ye yere 1313 & was buried in ye said Lady Chapel, vnder a flat stone. -
1338.Richard Wentworth or Bentworth, Bishop of London and Chancellour of England, deceased the yeare 1339.
-
1339.Ralphe Stratford Bishop of London, he purchased the peece of groūd called Nomans land, besides Smithfield, and dedi
cated it to the vse of buryall, as before hath appeared: he was borne at Stratford vpon Auon: and therefore builed a chapel to S. Tho
mas there, he sate 14. yeres, deceased at Stebinhith. -
1362.Simond Sudbery Bishop of London sate 13. yeares, translated to be Archebishop of Canterbury in the yeare 1375.
-
1375.William Courteny translated from Hereford to the bi
shopricke of London, and after translated from thence to the Arch
bishopricke of Canterbury in the yeare 1381. -
1381.Robert Breybroke Chanon of Lichfielde, Bishop of London, made Lord Chancellour in the 6. of Richard the second, sate Bishop 20. yeres, and deceased in the yeare 1404, he was bu
ried in the said Lady chapel at Paules. -
1405.Roger Walden Treasurer of England, Archbishop of Canterbury, was deposed and after made Bishop of London: hee deceased in the yeare 1406. and was buried at S. Bartilmewes Pryorie in Smithfield.
-
1506.Nicholas Bubwithe Bishop of London, Treasurer of England, translated to Salisbury, and from thence to Bathe, and lieth buried at Wells.
-
1407.Richard Clifford remoued from Worcester to Lon
don, deceased 1422. as saith Thomas Walsingham, and was bu
ried in Paules. -
1422.Iohn Kempe fellow of Martin colledge in Oxford, was made Bishop of Rochester, from whence remoued to Chichester,Dd2
404Spirituall Gouernments.ster, and thence to London: he was made Lord Chancellour in the yeare 1425. the 4. of Henry the sixt, and was remoued from Lon
don to Yorke in the yeare 1426. hee sate Archbishop thence 25. yeares, and was translated to Canterbury: hee was afterwards made Cardinall in the yeare 1352. In the Bishop of Londons house at Fulham he receiued the Crosse, and the next day the Pale at the hands of Thomas Kempe Bishop of London, hee deceased in the yeare 1454. -
1426.William Gray Deane of Yorke, consecrated Bishop of London, who foūded a colledge at Thele in Hartfordshire for a Maister & 4. chanons, and made it a cell to Elsing Spittle in Lon
don, it had of old time bene a colledge decayed, and therefore newly founded: hee was translated to Lincolne 1431. -
1432.Robert Fitzhugh Archdeacon of Northampton, conse
crated Bishop of London, sate 5. yeres, deceased in the yeare 1435, and was buried on the south side of the Quire of Pawles. -
1435Robert Gilbert Doctor of Diuinitie, Deane of Yorke, consecrated Bishop of London, sate 12. yeares, deceased 1448.
-
1449.Thomas Kempe, Archdeacon of Richmond, consecra
ted Bishop of London at Yorke house, (now White hall) by the handes of his vnckle Iohn Kempe, Archbishop of Canterbury, the eight of Februarie, 1449. he founded a Chappell of the Tri
nity in the body of S. Pawles Church on the North side, he sate Bishop of London 39. yeares, and 48. dayes, and then deceased in the yeare 1489. was there buried. -
1496.Thomas Sauage first bishop of Rochester, then bishop of London 5. yeares, was translated to Yorke 1501. where hee sate Archbishop 7. yeres, and was there buried in the yeare 1507.
-
1502William Warrham Bishop of London, made kéeper of the great Seale, sate 2. yeares, was translated to Canterburie
-
1505.Richard Fitz Iames fellow of Martin Colledge in Ox
ford in the raigne of Henrie the 6. was made Bishop of Roche
ster, after bishop of Chchester, and then Bishop of London, heedeceased
405Spirituall Gouernments.deceased 1521. and lyeth buried hard beneath the Northwest pil
lar of the Steple in Pauls, vnder a faire Tombe of Marble, now remoued, ouer the which was builded a faire Chappell of tymber, with stayres mounting thereunto: this chappell was burned with fire from the Steple. 1561. -
1521.Cuthbert Tunstal, doctour of law, Master of the rowles, Lord Priuy Seale, and bishop of London, was thence translated to the bishopricke of Durham in the yeare 1529.
-
1529.Iohn Stokley Bishop of London sat 13. yeares, deceased in the yeare 1539, and was buried in the Lady chaple in Paules.
-
1539Edmond Boner Doctor of the ciuill law, Archdeacon of Leycester, was elected to London in the yeare 1539. being then Bishop of Hereforde, whilest hee was beyond the seas Embassa
dour for the King. On the first of Septemb. 1549. hee preached at Paules Crosse, for ye which sermō he was charged before the kings councell by William Latimer Parson of S. Lawrence Poltney, and Iohn Hoper, sometime a white Monke, and béeing conuented before certaine Commissioners at Lambith, was for his disobedi
ence to the kings order on the 20. day of the same month sent to the Marshalsey and depriued from his bishopricke. -
1550.Nicolas Ridley bishop of Rochester, was elected Bi
shop of London. This man by his deede dated the xii.day after Christmas, in the 4. yere of Edward the 6. gaue to ye king the Mā
nors of Branketrie & Southminster, and the patronage of ye church of Cogshall in Essex, the Mannors of Stebunheth, otherwise cal
led Stebinhith and Hackney, in the County of Middlesex, and the Marshe of Stebunheth or Stebinhith: and the aduowson of the viccarage of the Parish Church of Cogshall in Essex aforesaide: which graunt was confirmed by the Deane & Chapter of Paules, ye same day and yere, with exception of such lands in Southminster, Stebunheth and Hacknoy, as only pertained to them. The saide King Edward by his letters patents dated the 16. of Aprill in the said 4. yeare of his raigne graunted to Sir Thomas Wentworth, L. Wentworth L. Chāberlane of ye kings houshold, for his good ser
uice before done (a part of the late receiued gift) to witte, the Lord
ships of Stebunheth and Hackney, and the landes in Shorditch, Holiwel stréete. White chapel, Stratford at Bow, Poplar, Northstréete,Dd3
406Spirituall Gouernments.stréete, Lymehouses, Ratliffe, Cleuestréete, Brockestréete, Myle
end, Bletenehall gréene, Oldford, Westheth, Kingsland Shakel
wel, Newinton stréete, Clopton, Churchstréete, welstréete, Hūbar
ton, Grouestréete, Gūston stréete, alias Morestréete in the coūty of Middlesex, together with the Marshe of Stebinhith &c. the Man
nor of Hackney was valued at lxi.£.ix s̃iiij.ď.by yeare; and the Mannor of Stebunhith at cxl.£.viij,s̃ xi,ď.ob. by yeare. This Bi
shop Nicolas Ridley, for preaching a Sermon at Paules Crosse, on the 16. of Iuly in the yeare 1553. was cōmitted to the Towre of London, where he remained prisoner till the 10. of Aprill in the yeare 1554. and was thence sent to Oxford, there to dispute with the Diuines and learned men of the contrary opinion: and on the 16. of October 1555. hee was burned at Oxford for opinions a
gainst the Romish order of Sacraments &c. -
1553.Edmond Boner aforesaid being released out of the Mar
shalsey, was restored to ye bishoprick of London, by Quéen Mary, on the 5. of August in the yeare 1553. & againe deposed by Quéene Elizabeth, in the moneth of Iuly An. 1559. and was eftsoones committed to the Marshalsey, where he died on the 5. of Septemb. 1569. and was at midnight buried amongst other prisoners in S. Georges Churchyard. -
1559.Edmond Grindal Bishop of London, being consecrated the 21 of December 1559. was translated to Yorke, in the yeare 1570. and from thence remoued to Canterbury, in the yere 1574. he died blynd 1583. On the 6. of Iuly, and was buried at Cro
downe in Surrey. -
1570.Edwine Sands being translated from Worcester to the Bishopricke of London in the yeare 1570. was thence trans
lated to Yorke in the yeare 1576. and died in the yeare 1588. -
1576.Iohn Elmere Bishop of London deceased in the yeare 1594. on the 3. of Iune, at Fulanham, and was buried in Paules Church, before S. Georges chappel.
-
1594.Richard Fletcher, Bishop of Worcester, was on the 30. of December in Paules Church elected Bishop of London, and deceased on the 15. of Iune 1596. Hee was buried in Paules Church, without any solemne funerall.
-
1597.Richard Bancroft doctor of Diuinite, nowe sitteth Bishop
407Spirituall Gouernments.shop of London in this yeare 1598. being enstaled there.
This much for the succession of the Bishops of London, whose Diocesse
containeth ye city of London, ye whole
shyres in Middlesex and Essex, & a part of Hartfordshyre. These Bishops haue
for As
sistants in the cathedrall Church of S. Paules, a Deane, a Chaun
ter, a Chauncelor, a Treasurer, 5. Archdeacons, to witte, Lon
don, Middlesex, Essex, Colchester and S. Albons, and 30. pre
bendaries: there appertaineth also to the said Church for furniture of the Quire in diuine seruice, and ministration of the sacraments, a Colledge of xij.petychanens, 6. vickars, choral & Queristars. &c.
sistants in the cathedrall Church of S. Paules, a Deane, a Chaun
ter, a Chauncelor, a Treasurer, 5. Archdeacons, to witte, Lon
don, Middlesex, Essex, Colchester and S. Albons, and 30. pre
bendaries: there appertaineth also to the said Church for furniture of the Quire in diuine seruice, and ministration of the sacraments, a Colledge of xij.petychanens, 6. vickars, choral & Queristars. &c.
This Dyocesse is diuided into Parishes, euery Parish hauing his Parson, or vicar
at the least, learned men for the most part, and sufficient Preachers to instruct
the people. There were in this city & within the suburbs thereof in the raign of Henrie
the 2. (as wri
teth Fitz Stephens) 13. great conuentuall Churches, besides the lesser sort called Parish Churches, to the number of 126. all which conuentuall Churches, and some others since that time founded, are now suppressed and gone, except the cathedrall Church of S. Paule in London, and the colledge of S. Peter at Westminster: of all which Parish Churches though I haue spoken, yet for more ease to the reader, I will here againe set them downe in manner of a Table, not by order of Alphabete, but as they bee placed in the wards and suburbes.
teth Fitz Stephens) 13. great conuentuall Churches, besides the lesser sort called Parish Churches, to the number of 126. all which conuentuall Churches, and some others since that time founded, are now suppressed and gone, except the cathedrall Church of S. Paule in London, and the colledge of S. Peter at Westminster: of all which Parish Churches though I haue spoken, yet for more ease to the reader, I will here againe set them downe in manner of a Table, not by order of Alphabete, but as they bee placed in the wards and suburbes.
Parish Churches.
-
In Portsoken ward Parish Churches 3.
-
The Hospitall of S. Katheren serueth for that liberty.
-
Trinity in the Minories, for precinct thereof.
-
-
2 In Towrestréete warde. 4.
-
In the Tower S. Peter, for the Inhabitants there.
-
Alhallowes Barking by the Tower.
-
S. Olaue, in Hart stréete.
-
-
4 In Lymestréete ward none. There was S. Mary at the Axe, and S. Augustin in the wall, both suppres
sed and vnited, the one to Alhallowes in the Wall, in Brodestréete warde, the other to S. Andrewe Un
dershafte in Lymestréete warde. -
5 In Bishopsgate warde 3.
-
S. Ethelburge within the Gate.
-
S. Helens adioining to the Nuns Priory.
-
10 In Bridgewarde within 4.
-
S. Magnus at the bridge foote.
-
-
11 In Candlewike stréet 5.
-
S. Michael in crooked lane, sometime a Colledge.
-
S. Laurence Pountney, sometime a Colledge.
-
13 In Downegate Warde 2.
-
Alhallowes Hay wharfe, in the Roperie.
-
Alhallowes the lesse, in the Roperie.
-
-
14 In the Uintrie Warde 4.
-
S. Michæl Pater noster in the Royall sometime a Colledge.
-
-
15 In Cordwainer stréet ward 3.
-
S. Anthony in Budge rowe.
-
S. Mary Aldmary church.
-
S. Mary Bow at the North corner of Cordwayner stréet.
-
-
16 In Chepe Warde 7.
-
S. Benet Shorhoge, or Syth.
-
The Chappell at Guildhall, sometime a Colledge.
-
-
17 In Colemanstreete Warde. 4.
-
18 In Bassings hall ward 1.
-
19. In Criplegate ward 6.
-
S. Albons in Woodstréete.
-
S. Michæl in Hugen lane.
-
S. Gyles without Criplesgate.
-
20. In Aldersgate warde 6.
-
S. Olaue in Siluerstreet.
-
S. Anne by Aldersgate.
-
S. Buttolph without Aldersgate.
-
21. In Faringdon ward within. The Cathedrall church of S. Paule, and parish churches 9.
-
Christ Church made a parish church of the Gray Fryers church and of two parrish churches, Saint Nicholas and Saynt Ewin, and also an Hospitall for poore children.
-
S. Martins at Ludgate.
-
22 In Bredstréet warde 4.
-
S. Iohn Euangelist in Fryday stréete.
-
S. Margaret Moyses in Fryday stréete.
-
24. In Castle Baynardes Warde 4.
-
S. Benet Hude (or hith) by Paules Wharfe.
-
-
25. In Faringdon Ward without. 7.
-
S. Sepulcher without Newgate.
-
S. Parnell in the Temple for the studentes there.
-
-
26. In the Borough of Southwarke, and Bridge Warde without 4.
-
S. Sauiors in Southwarke made of twaine, viz. S. Mary Magdalen, and S. Margaret. Diocesse of Winchester. S. George the Marter. S. Thomas the Hospitall. S. Olaue in Southwarke.
Thus haue ye in the 26. Wardes of London and Bo
rough of Southwarke, parish Churches to the num
ber of 114.
rough of Southwarke, parish Churches to the num
ber of 114.
And in the suburbes adioyning, parish Churches 9. as fol
loweth.
loweth.
-
-
S. Clement Danes without Temple barre.
-
S. Iohn Baptist Sauoy an Hospitall
-
The Hospitalles in this Citie and suburbes thereof, that haue beene of old
time, and now presently are, I reade of these as followeth.
-
HOspital of S. Mary in the parish of Barking church that was prouided for poore priestes, and others, men and women, in the Citie of London, that were fal
len into frensie or losse of their memorie, vntill such time as they should recouer, was since suppressed and giuen to the Hospitall of S. Katherine by the Tower. -
S. Anthonies, an Hospitall of 13. poore men and colledge, with a frée schoole, for poore mens children, founded by citizens of Lon
don, lately by Iohn Tare, first a Brewer and then a Mercer, in the Warde of Brodestréet, suppressed in the raigne of Edward the sixt the schoole in some sort remayning, but sore decayed. -
S. Bartilmew in Smithfield, an Hospitall of great receipt, and reliefe for the poore, was suppressed by Henry the eight, and again by him giuen to the citie, and is endowed by the citizens beneuo
lence. -
S. Gyles in the fields was an Hospitall for leprose people out of the cittie of London, and shire of Middlesex, founded by Matilde the Quéen, wife to Henry the 1. and suppressed by K. Henry the 8.
-
S Iohn of IerusalemS. Iohn of Ieby Westsmithfield, an Hospitall of the knightes of the Rhodes, for maintenance of soldiers against the
rusalem, for defence of the Rhodes.Turkes
413Of Lazar houses.Turkes and Infidels was suppressed by king Henry the eight. -
S. IamesS. Iames in the field.in the field, was an Hospitall for leprose virgines of the cittie of London, founded by citizens for that purpose, and sup
pressed by king Henry the eight. -
S. Iohn at Sauoy,S. Iohns at Sauoy.an Hospitall for reliefe of one hundreth poore people, founded by Henry the seuenth, suppressed by Edward the sixt. Againe new founded, indowed and furnished by Quéene Mary, and so remayneth.
-
S. Katherine by the Tower of London, an Hospitall with a Maister, brethren and sisters and almes women, founded by Ma
tilde wife to king Stephen, not suppressed, but in force as afore. -
S. Mary within Criplesgate, an Hospitall founded by William Elsing, for an hundred blind people of the cittie, was suppressed by King Henry the eight.
-
S. Mary Bethelem without Bishopsgate was an Hospitall founded by Simon Fitzmary a Citizen of London to haue béene a Priorie: and remayneth for lunaticke people, being suppressed, and giuen to Christes Hospitall.
-
S. Mary without Bishopsgate was an Hospitall & Priorie cal
led S. Mary Spittle, founded by a citizen of London, for reliefe of the poore, with prouision of 180. beddes there for the poore, it was suppressed in the raigne of king Henry the eight. -
S. Mary Rounciuall by Charing crosse, was an Hospitall, suppressed with the Priories Aliens, in the raigne of King Henry the 5. then was it made a brotherhood in the 15. of Edwarde the fourth, and againe suppressed by king Edward the sixt.
-
S. Thomas in SouthwarkeS. Thomas in Southwarke.being an Hospitall of great receit for the poore, was suppressed, but again newly founded, and indow
ed by the beneuolence and charitie of the citizens of London. -
An Hospitall there was without Aldersgate, a cell to the house of Cluny, of the French order, suppressed by K.Henry the 5.
-
An Hospitall there was without Criplesgate, also a like Cell to the said house of Cluny, suppressed by King Henry the 5.
-
A third Hospitall was there in Oldborne,Hospital in Oldborne.being also a Cell to the said house of Cluny, and was suppressed by king Henry the 5.
-
The
414Of Lazar houses.The Hospitall, (or Almes house, called Gods houseGods house at VVhittington Colledge.) for 13. poore men, with a Colledge called Whittington Colledge, founded by Richard Whittington Mercer, & suppressed, but the poore re
maine, and are paid their allowance by Mercers. -
Christes Hospitall in Newgate market of a new foundation in the Greyfryers Church by King Henry the eight: poore father
lesse children be there brought vp and nourished at the charges of the citizens. -
Bridewell now an Hospitall (or house of correction) founded by king Edward the sixt, to be a workehouse for the poore and idle per
sons of the Citie, wherein a great number of vagrant persons bee now set a worke, and relieued at the charges of the citizens. Of all these Hospitals being twentie in number, you may reade before, as also of good and charitable prouisions made for the poore, by sundry well disposed citizens.
Now of Leprose people, and lazar houses.
IT is to be obserued, that leprose persons were alwaies for auoi
ding the daunger of infection, to be seperated from the sounde: God himselfe commanding to put out of the host euery leaper, &c.
minster by Hubert Archbishop of Canterburie, in the yeare of Christ 1200. the second of King Iohn it was decréed according to the institution of the Lateran counsaile, that when so many leprose people were assembled, that might be able to build a church with a church yarde for themselues, and to haue one especiall Priest of their owne, that they should be permitted to haue the same with
out contradiction so they be not iniurious to the old churches, by that which was graunted to them for pitties sake: And further it was decréed, that they be not compelled to giue any tithes of their gardens or increase of cattell.
ding the daunger of infection, to be seperated from the sounde: God himselfe commanding to put out of the host euery leaper, &c.
Numbers 5.
Wherevpon I reade in a
prouinciall sinode holden at Westminster by Hubert Archbishop of Canterburie, in the yeare of Christ 1200. the second of King Iohn it was decréed according to the institution of the Lateran counsaile, that when so many leprose people were assembled, that might be able to build a church with a church yarde for themselues, and to haue one especiall Priest of their owne, that they should be permitted to haue the same with
out contradiction so they be not iniurious to the old churches, by that which was graunted to them for pitties sake: And further it was decréed, that they be not compelled to giue any tithes of their gardens or increase of cattell.
I haue moreouer hearde that there is a writte in our Law, de leproso amouendo,
stitute in the kingdome, to the end they should not bée offensiue to other in their passing to and fro, for the which cause Edward the fourth did by his Charter dated in the 12. of his raigne giue vnto the said William for ener154 a certaine parcell of his land lying in his high way of Highgate, and Holloway, within the County of Middlesex, contayning 60. foot in length, and 34. in bredth.
Leprose
per
sons to be voi
ded the Cittie.
and I haue read that King Edward the third
in the 20. yeare of his raigne, gaue commandement to the Mayor and
Sheriffes of London, to make proclamation in euery Ward; of the Citie and
suburbes, that all leprose persons inhabiting there
sons to be voi
ded the Cittie.
should
415
The Temporall gouernment.
should auoid within fiftéene
daies next, and that no man suffer any such leprose person to abide within his
house, vpon paine to forfeite his said house, and to incurre the kinges further
displeasure: And that they should cause the said Lepers to be remoued into some
out places of the fieldes, from the haunt or Company of sound people, whereupon
certaine Lazar houses (as may bée supposed) were then builded without the Citty,
some good distance, to wit, the locke without Southwarke in Kent street, one other
betwixt the Miles end, and Stratforde Bow, one other at Kingesland, betwixt
Shoreditch, and Stoke Newington, and an other at Knightes Bridge, west from
Charing Crosse.
Lazar houses builded.
These foure I haue noted to be erected for the receipt of Leprouse people, sent
out of the City at that time. Finally I reade that one William Pole
Yeoman of the Crowne, being striken with a Leaprosie, was desirous to build an
Hospitall, with a Chappell to the honor of S. Anthonie for the releefe
and harborow of such Leprouse persons, as were destitute in the kingdome, to the end they should not bée offensiue to other in their passing to and fro, for the which cause Edward the fourth did by his Charter dated in the 12. of his raigne giue vnto the said William for ener154 a certaine parcell of his land lying in his high way of Highgate, and Holloway, within the County of Middlesex, contayning 60. foot in length, and 34. in bredth.
The temporall gouernment of this Cittie, some
what in briefe manner.
what in briefe manner.
THis Cittie of London being vnder the gouern
ment of the Britons, Romaines, and Saxons,
stories. But Aelfred king of the west Sax
ons, hauing brought this whole realme (from many partes) into one Monarchie, honorablie repaired this Cittie, and made it a
gaine habitable, and then committed the custodie thereof to his sonne in law Adhered Earle of Mercia: after whose decease the Citie with all other possessions, pertayning to the said Earle re
ment of the Britons, Romaines, and Saxons,
Pattent.
the most ancient and famous citie
of the whole realme was at length destroied by the Danes,
Aserius Me
neuen.
and left desolate:
neuen.
Florencius Wigor.
as may appeare by our histories. But Aelfred king of the west Sax
ons, hauing brought this whole realme (from many partes) into one Monarchie, honorablie repaired this Cittie, and made it a
gaine habitable, and then committed the custodie thereof to his sonne in law Adhered Earle of Mercia: after whose decease the Citie with all other possessions, pertayning to the said Earle re
turned
416
Of Lazar houses.
turned to king Edward surnamed the
elder, &c. And so remained in the kings handes, being gouerned vnder him by
Portgraues (or Portreues
Portgraues.
)
which name is compounded of the two Saxon words, Porte, and
Gerefe or Reue. Porte betokeneth a Towne, and
Gerefe signifieth a Gardian, ruler, or kéeper of the towne.
These Gouernors of old time (saith Robert Fabian
) with the lawes
and customes then vsed within this cittie, were registred in a booke called the
Doomes day, in the Saxon tongue: but of later daies when the said lawes and
customes were chaunged, and for that also the saide booke was of a small hande,
and sore defaced, it was lesse set by, so that it was imbeseled, and lost. Thus
farre Fabian.
Notwithstanding I haue found by search of diuers olde Regi
sters and other records, namely in a booke sometime appertayning to the Monasterie of S. Albons,
uernors of this Cittie as followeth.
sters and other records, namely in a booke sometime appertayning to the Monasterie of S. Albons,
Li. S. Albani.
of the Portgraues and other
gouernors of this Cittie as followeth.
First, that in the raigne of king
Edward the last before the con
quest155, Wolfegare was Portgraue: as may appeare by the char
ter of the same king, in these words. Edward king greeteth Alf
ward B.156 and Wolfe graue my Portgraue, and all the Burgesses in London. And afterward that in an other, king Edward grée
teth William Bishop and Leofstane, and Alffi Portgraues.
quest155, Wolfegare was Portgraue: as may appeare by the char
ter of the same king, in these words. Edward king greeteth Alf
ward B.156 and Wolfe graue my Portgraue, and all the Burgesses in London. And afterward that in an other, king Edward grée
teth William Bishop and Leofstane, and Alffi Portgraues.
In the raigne of
William Conqueror, William Bishop of Lon
don, procured of the said Conqueror his charter of liberties, to the same W. Bishoppe and Godfrey, Portgraue, and to all the Bur
gesses of the citie of London, in as large forme as they enioyed the same in the time of K. Edward before the conquest157: and then in the raigne of the said Conqueror, and of William Rufus, Godfrey de Magnauille was Portgraue (or Sheriffe) as may appeare by their Charters, and one Richard de Par was Prouost.
don, procured of the said Conqueror his charter of liberties, to the same W. Bishoppe and Godfrey, Portgraue, and to all the Bur
gesses of the citie of London, in as large forme as they enioyed the same in the time of K. Edward before the conquest157: and then in the raigne of the said Conqueror, and of William Rufus, Godfrey de Magnauille was Portgraue (or Sheriffe) as may appeare by their Charters, and one Richard de Par was Prouost.
Prouostes.
After them Aubery de Vere was Portgraue, & Robert Bar
Querell Prouost. Tis Auberie de Vere was slain in the raigne of K.
Stephen.
ted to the citizens of London, the Shriuewicke thereof, and of Middlesex, as in another place before is shewed.
Sheriffes.
It is to be noted also that K. Henry the 1. granted to the citizens of London, the Shriuewicke thereof, and of Middlesex, as in another place before is shewed.
In
417
Temporall Gouernment.
In the raigne of King
Stephen, Gilbet Becket was Portgraue, and
Andrew Bucheuet Prouost.
After him, Godfrey Magnauile, the son of William, the sonne of
Godrey Magnavile, by the gift of Maulde the Empresse, was
Portgraue or Sheriffe of London and Middlesex, forthe yearely
farms of thrée hundreth pound, as appeareth by the Charter.
In the time of King
Henry the second, Peter Fitz Walter was Portgraue:
after him, Iohn Fitz Nigel was Portgraue: after him, Ernulfus
Buchel became Portgraue: and after him, William Fitz Isabell.
These Portgraues
counties, Uicounties, or Sheriffes, as béeing vnder an Earle, for that they then, as since, vsed that office as the Sheriffes of London doo till this day. Some authors do call them Domesmen, Eldermen, or Iudges of the Kings Court.
Portgraues, since called Shriues
and Iudges of the Kings Court and haue therefore vn
der shriuesmẽ learned in the lawe, to sit in their Courts. Domesmen or Iudges of the kings Court.
are also in diuers
records called Uiceder shriuesmẽ learned in the lawe, to sit in their Courts. Domesmen or Iudges of the kings Court.
counties, Uicounties, or Sheriffes, as béeing vnder an Earle, for that they then, as since, vsed that office as the Sheriffes of London doo till this day. Some authors do call them Domesmen, Eldermen, or Iudges of the Kings Court.
William Fitz Stephen noting the estate of this Cittie, and go
uernment thereof, in his time vnder the raigne of King Stephen, and of Henry the second, hath these words.
uernment thereof, in his time vnder the raigne of King Stephen, and of Henry the second, hath these words.
This Cittie (saith hee) euen as Rome, is diuided into words, it hath
yearly Sheriffes in stead of Consuls, it hath the dignitie of Se
nators and Aldermen, it hath vnder Officers, & according to the quallitie of lawes, it hath seuerall Courts, and generall assemblies vpon appoynted daies. Thus much for the antiquitie of Sheriffes, and also of Aldermen, in seuerall Wards of this cittie, may suffice. And now for the name of Bailiffes, and after that, of Maior I finde as followeth.
nators and Aldermen, it hath vnder Officers, & according to the quallitie of lawes, it hath seuerall Courts, and generall assemblies vpon appoynted daies. Thus much for the antiquitie of Sheriffes, and also of Aldermen, in seuerall Wards of this cittie, may suffice. And now for the name of Bailiffes, and after that, of Maior I finde as followeth.
In the first yeare of King
Richard the first, the cittizens of London obtained
to be gouerned by 2. Bailiffes,
Bailiffes of
London.
which balliffes are in diuers auncient déeds called Shriues,
according to the spéech of the lawe, which called the Shire Balliua, for
that they like as the Portgraues, vsed the same office of Shriuewicke, for the
which the citie paid to fée farm of thrée hundreth pounds yearly as afore, since the
raigne of Henry
the first, which also is yet paid by the citie into the Exchequer vntill
this day.
They also obtained to haue a Maior, to bee their principall Go
uernour and Lieftenant of the cittie, as of the Kings chamber.
uernour and Lieftenant of the cittie, as of the Kings chamber.
-
1189.The names of the first Bailiffes (or Officers) entring into theiroffice,Ee
418Temporall gouernment.office at the feast of Saint Michael158 Th’archangell, in the yeare of Christ 1189. were named Henry Cornhill, & Richard Reynere, Bailiffes or Sheriffes.
-
First Maior of London,Their 1. M. was H. Fitz Alwin, Fitz Liefstane Goldsmith, ap
poynted by the said king, and continued M. from the first of Richard the first, vntill the fifteenth of king Iohn, which was twentie foure yeares and more. -
1190.
-
1191.
-
1192.
-
1193
-
1194.
-
1195.
-
1196.
-
1197.
-
1198.
King Iohn beganne his raigne the sixt of Aprill, 1199.
-
1199.The first of King Iohn, sheriffes Arnold Fitz Arnold, Richard Fitz Bartilmew. Maior Henry Fitz Alwin.King Iohn graunted the shrifforicke of London and Middlesex, to the Citizens thereof, as king Henry the first before him had done, for the sum of thrée hundreth pound yearely. Also hée gaue them au
thoritie to chuse and depriue their sheriffes at their pleasure. -
1200.
-
1201.
-
The
419Temporall gouernment.1202. -
1203.
-
1204.
-
1205.
-
1206.
-
1207.
-
1208.The King by his letters pattents, granted to the cittizens of Lon
don, libertie and authoritie yearely to chuse to themselues a Maior. -
1209.
-
1210.
-
1211.
-
1212.This Henry Fitz Alwin deceased, and was buried in the Prio
rie of the holy Trinitie, neare vnto Aldgate. -
1213.This yeare the ditch about London was begunne to bée made of two hundreth foote broad, by the Londoners.
-
1214.
-
1215.
King Henry the third, beganne his raigne the 19.
of Octo
ber, 1216.
-
1216.The 1. sheriffes, Benet Senturer, William Bluntiuars. M. IamesAlderman,Ee2
420Temporall gouernment.Alderman for part, and Salomon Basing for part. -
1217.
-
1218.The forrest of Middlesex, and the waren of Stanes, were this year disasorested.
-
1219.
-
1220.
-
1221.
-
1222.Constantine Fitz Alulf raised great troubles in this cittie, and was hanged with his Nephew and other.
-
1223.
-
1224.The King graunted to the communaltie of London, to haue a common seale.
-
1225.
-
1226.This yeare the King confirmed to the cittizens of London, frée waren or libertie to hunt a certaine circuite about the citie, in the wa.
ren of Stanes, &c. And also that the cittizens of London should passe tole-frée throughout all England, & that the keddles (or weres) in the riuer of Thames, and midway should bée plucked vp and destroyed for euer, &c -
1227.
-
The
421Temporall gouernment.1228. -
1229.
-
1230.
-
1231.
-
1232.
-
1233.
-
1234.
-
1235.This yeare Walter Brune citizen of London, and Rosia his wife, founded S. Mary Spittle without Bishops gate.
-
1236.
-
1237.
-
1238.
-
1239.This Wil.Ioyner, builded the quier of the Gray Fryers church in London, and became a lay brother of that house.
-
1240.
-
1241.
-
1242.
-
1243.
-
1244.
-
1245.
-
1246.
-
1247.
-
1248.
-
1249.
-
1250.The King graunted that the Maior should bée presented to the Barrons of the Exchecquer, and they should admit him.
-
1251.
-
1252.The liberties of this citie were seized, the Maior charged that hée looked not to the sise of bread.
-
1253.
-
1254.
-
1255.The Maior, diuers Aldermen, and the sheriffes of London, were depriued, and other placed in their roomes.
-
1256.
-
1257.The
423Temporall gouernment.The King caused the walles of this cittie to be repaired and made with bulwarkes. -
1258.
-
1259.
-
1260.
-
1261.
-
1262.
-
1263.The Cittizens of London fortified the cittie with yron chaines, drawne thwart their stréetes.
-
1264.
-
1265.The chaines and postes in London were plucked vp, the Maior and principall Cittizens committed to ward, and Othen Constable of the Tower, was made Custos of the Citie, &c.
-
1266.The Earle of Glocester entered the cittie with an armie, and therein builded bulwarkes, cast trenches, &c.
-
1267.Thomas Fitz Theobalde; and Agnes his wife, founded the Hos
pitall of S. Thomas of Acon in Westcheape. -
1268.A varience fell in London between the Goldsmiths and the Tai
lors, where through many men were slaine. -
1269.
-
1270.
-
1271.
-
1272.The 57. Sheriffes, Richard Paris, Iohn de Wodeley. M. S. Wal
ter Haruy. Custus, H. Frowicke Peperar, for part of that yeare.
King Edward the first, began his raigne, the 16. of Nouember. 1272.
-
1273.
-
1274.
-
1275.The 3. Sheriffes, Lucas Batecorte, Henry Frowicke. M. Gre
gory Roksley: chéefe Say maister of all the Kings Mints, through
out England: and kéeper of the Kings Exchange. -
1276.
-
1277.
-
1278.
-
1279.
-
1280.
-
1281.This William Farindon Goldsmith, one of the Sheriffes, was father to Nicholas Farindon: Of these two, Farindon Warde tooke that name.
-
1282.This
425Gouernment temporallThis Henry Walleis builded the Tunne vpon Cornhill to bee a prison, and the stocks to be a market house. -
1283.
-
1284.
-
1285.The 13. Sheriffes, Stephen Cornhill, Robert Roksley. Mayor, Gregory Roksley. Custus, Raphe Sandwitch, and Iohn Bri
ton.It was ordained, that Millars should haue but one halfe penney for a quarter of Wheate grinding, and the great water conduit in Cheape, was begun to be made. -
1286.Wheate was sold at Lon. for 16. pence, and for 12. pence the quarter.
-
1287.
-
1288.
-
1289.The 17. Sheriffes, William Betaine, Iohn Canterbury. C. Raphe Sandwitch, Raphe Barnauars, and sir Iohn Britaine.
-
1290.
-
1291.
-
1292.
-
1293.Thrée men had their right hands cut off, at the Standerd in Cheape, for rescuing of a prisoner, arrested by a Sergeant of Lon
don. -
1294.
-
1295.
-
1296.This yeare all the liberties of the cittie were restored, the maio
raltie excepted. -
1297.
-
1298.Certaine cittizens of London brake vp the Tunne vppon Corn
hill, and tooke out prisoners, for the which they were greeuously pu
nished. -
1299.
-
1300.
-
1301.
-
1302.
-
1303.
-
1304.Geffrey de Hertilepole Alderman, was elected to be Recorder of London, and tooke his oath, and was appoynted to weare his ap
parrell as an Alderman. -
1305.
-
1306.Seacoale was forbidden to be burned in London, Southwarke, &c.
Edward the second began his raigne the 7. of Iuly, the yeare of Christ 1307.
-
1307.
-
1308.
-
1309.
-
1310.The King commaunded the Maior and Communaltie, to make the wall of London, from Ludgate to Fléetebridge, and from thence to the Thames.
-
1311.Order was taken, that Merchant strangers should sell their wares within fortie daies after their arriuall, or else the same to bée forfei
ted. -
1312.
-
1313.Prices set on victuals, a fat stalled oxe foure & twentie shillings, a fat mutton twentie pence, a fat goose two pence halfe penny, a fat ca
pon two pence, a fat hen one penny, two chickens one penny, thrée pigeons one penny, twentie foure egges one penny, &c. -
1314.Famine and mortallitie of people, so that the quicke might vn
nethe burie the dead. Horse flesh and dogges flesh was good meate. -
1315.
-
1316.The tenth Sheriffes, William Canston, Raphe Balancer. Ma
ior, Iohn Wingraue. An early Haruest, a buschell of wheat that had béen solde for ten shillings, was now sold for ten pence, &c. -
1317.Such a murren of kine, that dogges and rauens that fed on them were poysoned.
-
1318.
-
1319.The 13. Sheriffes, Simon Abindon, Iohn Preston. M. HamondChickwell
428Temporall gouernment.Chickwell Peperar.Iohn Gisors late Mayor of London, and many other citizens fled the citie, for things laid to their charge. -
1320.
-
1321.
-
1322.
-
1323.
-
1324.
-
1325.The Citizens of London tooke the Bishop of Excester, and cut off his head, at the standert in Cheape.
-
1326.
Edward the third, began his raigne, the 25. of Ianuarie, the yeare 1326.
-
This King Edward graunted, that the Mayor should be Iustice for the Gaile deliuery at Newgate, that the Citizens of London should not bee constrained to goe out of the Citie of London to any warre. More, hee granted, that the liberties and franchesies of the citie, shuld not after this time, for any cause, be taken into the kings hands, &c.
-
1327.This yeare, the Walles of London were repaired.
-
1328.
-
1329.
-
1330.
-
1331.
-
1332.This yeare was founded Elsings Spittle, by William Elsing Mercer, that became first Prior of that Hospitall.
-
1333.
-
1334.164
-
1335.
-
1336.This Sir Iohn Pultney founded a Colledge in the Parish church of Saint Lawrence by Candle wéeke stréete.
-
1337.
-
1338.
-
1339.
-
1340.
-
1341.
-
1342.The price of Gascone wines at London, not to bee solde aboue foure pence the gallon, and Reinish wine sixe pence the gallon.
-
1343.
-
1344.
-
1345.
-
1346.
-
1347.King Edward wonne Callis from the French.
-
1348.A great pest. Sir Walter Manny Knight, founded the Charter
house by smithfield, to be a buriall for the dead. -
1349.
-
1350.
-
1351.
-
1352.This Mayor procured an act of Parliament, that no knowne whore, should weare an hoode, or attire on her head, except reied, or striped cloth of diuers colours, &c.
-
1353.This Adam Francis, was one of the founders of the Colledge in Guildhall chappell, &c. Henry Frauncis166 was the other.
-
1355.
-
1356.This Henry Picard, feasted the kings of England, of France, Ci
pres, and Scots, with other great estates, all in one day. -
8357168.This Iohn Stody gaue tenements to the Uintoners in London, for reléefe of the poore of that company.
-
1358.
-
1359.
-
1360.
-
1361.
-
1462169.
-
1363.
-
1364.
-
1365.The 29170. sheriffes, Iohn Bukulsworth, Thomas Ireland. Mayor, Iohn Louekin Fishmoonger, and Adam of Bury Skinner.
-
1366.
-
1367.
-
1368.This yeare, Wheate was solde for 2. shillings 6. pence the bushel.
-
1369
-
1370.
-
1371.This Iohn Barnes gaue a chest with thrée lockes, and one thou
sand Marke to be lent to poore young men. -
1372.
-
1373.
-
1374.
-
1375.
-
1376.The Londoners ment to haue slaine Iohn Duke of Lancaster: Adam Staple Maior put downe, and Nicholas Bremban elected. Also the Aldermen were deposed, and other set in their places.
Richard the second beganne his raigne, the 21. of Iune, in the yeare 1377.
-
1377.Iohn Philpot a cittizen of London, sent shippes to the sea, and scoured it of Pirates, taking many of them prisoners.
-
1378.This Sir Iohn Philpot gaue to the cittie, lands for the finding of thirtéene poore people for euer.
-
1379.
-
1380.This William Walworth arrested Wat Tiler the rebel, and was knighted. Hee increased the Parish church of Saint Michaell in Crooked lane, and founded there a colledge. Other Aldermen were also knighted for their seruice in the field.
-
1381.
-
1382.
-
1383.The 7. sheriffes Simon Winchcombe, Iohn More. M. sir Ni
colas Brembar Grocer, Iohn Northampton late Mayor of Lon
don, was committed to perpetuall prison, and his goods confiscated. -
1384.The 8. sheriffes Nicholas Expton, Iohn French: M. Sir Nicholas Brembar Grocer, knighted with William Walworth.
-
1385.The 9. sheriffes Iohn Organ, Iohn Churchman. M. sir Nicho
las Brembar Grocer: the foresaid Iohn Churchman, now builded the Custome honse171 néere to the Tower of London, and did many other works for the commodity of this city. -
1386.The 10. sheriffes, William Stondone, William More, M. Nicholas Exton Fishmonger. This yeare the Citizens of Lon
don fearing the French, pulled downe houses néere about their ci
tie, repaired their wals, and clensed their ditches &c. -
1387.The 11. sheriffes William Venor, Hugh Forstalfe, M. Ni
cholas Exton Fishmonger, sir Nicholas Brember, late Mayor of London, was this yeare beheaded. -
1388.
-
1389.
-
1390.The 14. sheriffes Iohn Francis, Thomas Viuent, M. Adam Bamme Goldsmith: this Adam Bammer prouided from beyond the seas Corne in great aboundance, so that the Citie was able to serue the countrie.
-
1391.The 15. sheriffes Iohn Shadworth, Henry Vamer, M. Iohn Hend Draper: this Mayor was for displeasure taken, sent to Windsor Castle, and the king made Wardens of the citie. &c.
-
1392.
-
1393.The 17. sheriffes Drew Barentin, Richarde Whitington, M. Iohn Hadley Grocer: Farington warde was by Parliament ap
pointed to be deuided into two wardes, to witte, infra & extra. -
1394.The 18. sheriffes VVilliam Brainston, Thomas Knoles, M.IohnFf
434Temporall Gouernments.Iohn Froshe Mercer. -
1395.
-
1396.
-
1397.
-
1398.
Henrie the fourth began his raigne the 29. of Septemb. the yeare 1399.
-
1399.
-
1400.
-
1401.The 3. sheriffes, William Venor, Iohn Fremingham, M. Iohn Shadworth, Mercer. The conduite vpon Cornhill was this yeare made of an old prison house called the Tunne.
-
1402.
-
1403.
-
1404.The 6. sheriffes, William Bouth, Stephen Spilman, M. Iohn Hend Draper. This Iohn Hend was a new builder of the parish Church called S. Swithen by London stone.
-
1405.The 7. sheriffes Henry Barton, William Grome, M. Iohn Wodcocke Mercer, this Maior caused all the Weres in the ri
uer of Thames, from Stanes to the riuer of Medway to bee de
stroyed, and the Trinkes to bée burned &c. -
1406.The 8. sheriffes, Nicholas Wooton, Gefferey Brooke, M. Richard Whitington, Mercer. This yeare a great pestilence in London tooke away more then 30000. people.
-
1407.
-
1408.The 10. sheriffes Thomas Ducke, William Norton, M. DrewBa-
435Temporall Gouernments.Barentine Goldsmith, This Drew Barentine builded a part of the Goldsmithes hall, and gaue them landes. -
1409.The 11. sheriffes, Iohn Law, William Chichley, M. Richard Marlow Ironmonger, A great play at Skinners well, which la
sted eight dayes, & was of matter from the creation of the worlde: the most part of all the great Estates of England were there to behold it. -
1410.The 12. sheriffes, Iohn Penne, Thomas Pike, M, Tho
mas Knoles Grocer. This Thomas Knoles began a new to build the Guild hall in London &c. -
1411.
-
1412.
Henry the fift began his raigne the 20. of March, the yeare 1412.
-
1413.THe 1. sheriffes, Iohn Sutton, Iohn Michel, M. William Gro
mar Draper, Sir Iohn Oldcastle assembled a great power, in Ficquetes fielde by London, which power was ouercome and taken by the king and his power. -
1414.The 2. sheriffes, Iohn Michel, Thomas Allen, M. Tho
mas Falconer Mercer, this Maior caused the Postern called More gate to be builded, and he lent to the king 10000. markes vpon Iewels, &c. -
1415.
-
1416.The 4. sheriffes Robert Whitington, Iohn Couentrie, M. Hen
rie Barton Skinner. This Henry Barton ordayned Lanthorns with lightes to be hanged out on the Winter eueninges. -
1417.
-
1418.The 6. sheriffes Iohn Brian, Ralph Barton, Iohn Parnesse, M. William Seuenoke. This William Seuenoke, founded in the towne of Seuenoke a freeschoole, and almes houses for the poore.
-
1419.The 7. sheriffes, Rob. Whitington, Iohn Butler, M. Richarde Whitington Mercer, this Maior founded Whitington Colledge.
-
1420.
-
1421.The 9. sheriffes Richarde Gosseline, William Weston, M. Robert Chichley Grocer. This Maior gaue one plot of ground, thereupon to build the parish church of S. Stephen vppon Wal
brooke.
Henry the sixt began his raigne the 31. of August, the yeare 1422.
-
1422.THe first sheriffes, VVilliam Eastfielde, Robert Totar
sall, M. VVilliam Waldern Mercer. This yeare the west gate of London was begun to be new builded by the Executors of Richard Whitington. -
1423.
-
1424.
-
1425.
-
1426.The 5. sheriffes, Iohn Arnolde, Iohn Higham, M. Iohn Reynwell, Fishmonger. This Maior gaue Tenements to the Cittie for the discharge of thrée wards in London for fiftéenes &c.
-
1427.
-
1428.
-
1429.The 8. sheriffes, VVilliam Russe, Ralph Holland, M. William Eastfield Mercer. Ralph Holland gaue to impotent poore 120. l. to prisoners 80. l. to Hospitals 40. l. &c.
-
1430.The 9. sheriffes, Walter Chartesey, Robert Large, M. Ni
cholas Wotton, Draper, Walter Chartesey Draper, gaue to the poore 100. l. besides 20. l. to the Hospitals. &c. -
1431The 10, sheriffes, Iohn Aderley, Stephen Browne M. Iohn VVels Grocer. This Iohn Wels a great benefactor to the new building of the Chappell by the Guilde Hall, and of his goods the Standarde in west Cheape was made.
-
1432.The 11 sheriffes, Iohn Olney, Iohn Paddesley, M. Iohn Par
neis
437Temporall Gouernment.neis Fishmonger -
1433.
-
1434.
-
1435.
-
1336172.
-
1437.The 16. sheriffes, William Hales, William Chapman, M. sir William Eastfield Mercer this sir William Eastfield knight of the Bath, a great benefactor to the water Conduites.
-
1438.The 17. sheriffes Hugh Diker, Nicholas Yoo, M. Stephen Browne Grocer. Wheate solde for thrée shillinges the Bushell: but this man sent into Prusia, & caused to be brought from thence certaine ships laden with Rie, which did great releefe.
-
1439The 18. sheriffes, Philip Malpas, Robert Marshall, M. Ro
bert Largo Mercer, Philip Malpas at his decease gaue 120. l. to poore prisoners, and euery yeare for 5. yeares, 400. shirtes, and smockes, 40. payre of shéetes, and 150. gowns of frise, to the poore, to poore maides marriages 100. markes, to high waies 100. markes, and to 500. poore people in London euery one six shil
linges, eight pence &c. -
1440The 19. sheriffes, Iohn Sutton, VVilliam Wetinhall, M. Iohn Paddesley Goldsmith, maister of the Wirkes of money in the Tower of London.
-
1441
-
1442
-
1443.
-
1444.The 23. sheriffes, Stephen Forstar, Hugh Wich M. Henry Frowicke Mercer, this year Powles steeple was fired with light
ning; and hardly quenched. -
1445.24. sheriffes, Iohn Darby, Godfrey Filding, M. Symon Eyre Draper, this Symon Eyre builded the Leaden hall in Lon
don,Ff3
438Temporall Gouernment.don, to bée a common garner for the citie &c. -
1446.
-
1447.
-
1448
-
1449The 28, sheriffes, William Hulin, Thomas Canninges M. Thomas Chalton Mercer. This yeare Iacke Cade a Rebell of Kent, came to London, entered the citie &c.
-
1450The 29. sheriffes, Iohn Middleton, William Deere, Maior, Nicholas Wilforde Grocer. Souldiers made a fray against the Maior, the same day he tooke his charge at Westminster.
-
1451
-
1452The 31. sheriffes, Richard Lee, Richard Alley, M. Godfrey Filding Mercer. This yeare was a great fray at the Wrastling.
-
1453.The 32. sheriffes, Iohn Waldron, Thomas Cooke, M. Iohn Norman Draper. This Iohn Norman was the first Maior that was rowed to Westminster by water: for before that time they rode on horse backe.
-
1454.The 33. sheriffes, Iohn Field, VVilliam Taylor, M. Stephē Forstar Fishmonger. This Stephen Forstar enlarged Ludgate, for the case of prisoners there. &c.
-
1355174.The 34. sheriffes, Iohn Yong, Thomas Olgraue M. Wil
liam Marrow, Grocer. The Mercers seruantes in London, made a riote vpon the Lombardes and other strangers. -
1456.
-
1457.The 36. sheriffes, VVilliam Edwardes, Thomas Reiner, M. Godfrey Boloine Mercer. This Godfrey Boline gaue 1000. l. to poore householders in London &c.
-
1458.
-
1459.
-
1460The 39. sheriffes, Richard Fleming, Iohn Lambarde, M.Richard
439Temporall Gouernment.Richard Lee Grocer.
Edward the fourth began his raigne the fourth of March, in the yeare 1460. after the account of the church of England.
-
1461.
-
1462.The 2. sheriffes, VVilliam Hampton, Bartlemew Iames, M Thomas Cooke Draper made knight of the Bath in the fift of Edward the fourth, and had great troubles after.
-
1463The 3. sheriffes, Robert Basset, Thomas Muschampe, Maior Mathew Phillip Goldsmith, made knight of the Bath, the fift of Edward the fourth, and after in the field the tenth of Edward the fourth.
-
1464.The 4. sheriffes, Iohn Tate, Iohn Stone, M. Ralph Ioceline Draper, knight of the Bath, and also in the fielde.
-
1465.The 5. sheriffes, Henry Wauer, William Constantine, M. Ralph Verney Mercer, Henry VVauer one of the sheriffes, made knight of the Bath.
-
1466.The 6. sheriffes, Iohn Brown, Henry Brice, M. Iohn Yong Grocer, made knight in the fielde. This yeare began the trobles of Sir Thomas Cooke, and of other Alderman, as yee may reade in my Summarie.
-
1467.
-
1468.The 8. sheriffes, Symon Smith, William Hariote, M. Willi
am Tayler Grocer. This Maior gaue Tenementes to discharge Cordwainer streete ward of fiftéenes. -
1469The 9. sheriffes, Richarde Gardener, Robert Drope M. Richarde Lee Grocer. This yere the Tower of London, being deliuered to the Maior and his Brethren, they deliuered king H. from thence.
-
1470.The 10. sheriffes, Sir Iohn Crosbie, Iohn Warde. Maior, Sir Iohn Stokton Mercer. Thomas the Bastard Fauconbridge with a riotous company set vpon this cittie, at Aldgate, Bishops
gate the Bridge &c. and I2. Aldermen with the Recorder wereknightedFf4
440Temporall Gouernment.knighted in the fielde by Edwarde the fourth to wit Iohn Stok
ton Maior, Ralph Verney late Maior, Iohn Yong late Maior, William Taylor late Maior, Richard Lee late Maior, Mathew Phillips late Maior, George Ireland, William Stoker, William Hampton since Maior, Thomas Stalbroke, Iohn Crosbie, & Bartlemew Iames since Maior, with Thomas Vrswicke Re
corder. -
1471.The 11. sheriffes, Iohn Allin Iohn Shelley, M. VVilliam Edward Grocer. The water Conduite at Aldermanbury, and the Standarde in Fleetestréete were finished.
-
1472.The 12. sheriffes, Iohn Browne, Thomas Bledlow, M. sir, VVilliam Hampton Fishmonger, this sir VViliam Hampton punished strumpetes, and caused stockes to be set in euerie ward to punish vagabondes.
-
1473The 13. sheriffes, sir William Stokar, Robert Belisdon, M. Iohn Tate Mercer. This year the sheriffes of London, were ap
pointed each of them to haue xvi. Sargeantes, and six Clarkes, to wit, a Secondarie, a Clarke of the papers, and 4. other Clarkes, besides the vnder Sheriffes Clarkes. -
1474.The 14. sheriffes, Edmond Shaw, Thomas Hill, M. Robert Drope Draper. This Robert Drope increased the water condu
tie vpon Cornhill &c. -
1475.The 15. sheriffes, Hugh Brice, Robert Celwich, M. Robert Basset Saltar. This Robert Basset corrected the Bakers, and o
ther Uictualers of this Citie. -
1476.The 16. sheriffes Richard Rawson, William Horne M. sir Ralph Ioceline Draper, knight of the Bath, by the diligence of this Maior, the walles of the Citie were repayred.
-
1477.
-
1478.The 18. sheriffes, Robert Harding, Robert Bifielde, M. Richarde Gardener Mercer, Robert Bifielde, Sheriffe was fined by the Maior and paide 50,l. toward the water Conduites.
-
1479.The 19. sheriffes Thomas Ilam, Iohn VVarde, M. sir Bar
tlemew Iames Draper, made knight in the field, by E. the 4. T. Ilam newly builded the great Conduite in West Cheape. -
1480.
-
1481.
-
1482.The 22. sheriffes William Whit. Iohn Mathew, M. Ed
mond Sha Goldsmith. This Edmond Sha caused the Posterne called Criplesgate to be new builded &c.
Edward the fift began his raigne the 9. of Aprill in the yeare 1483. Richard the third began his raigne the 22. of Iune, in the yeare 1483.
-
1483.
-
1484.The 2. sheriffes Richard Chester, Thomas Britaine, Raph Austrie, M. Thomas Hill, Grocer, sir William Stoaker Draper, Iohn Ward Grocer. thrée Sheriffes and thrée Mayors this yeare by meanes of a sweating sickenesse &c. Thomas Hill appointed by his testament the water Conduit in Grasse stréet to be builded.
Henry the seuenth began his raigne the 22. of August, in the yeare 1485.
-
1485.THe 1. sherifs Iohn Tatte, Iohn Swan, M. Hugh Brise Gold
smith. This Hugh Brise was kéeper of the kinges mintes at London. -
1486.The 2. sheriffes Iohn Parciuall, Hugh Clopton. M. Henry Cellet Mercer. The crosse in Cheape was new builded in beau
tifull manner. -
1487.The 3. sheriffes Iohn Fenkell, William Remington, M. sir William Horne Salter. This William Horne made knight in the field by Henry the seuenth, gaue to the repayring of high waies betwixt London and Cambridge 500. markes, and to the prea
chers at Paules crosse, &c. -
8488175
-
1489
-
1490.
-
1491.The 7. sheriffes Thomas Wood, William Browne, M. Hugh Clopton Mercer. Hugh Clopton builded the great stone bridge at Stratford vpon hauen in Warwickshire.
-
1492.The 8. sheriffes William Purchase, William Welbecke, M. William Martin Skinner. A ryot made vpon the Esterlings, by the Mercers seruantes, and other.
-
1493.The 9. sheriffes Robert Fabiant Iohn Winger M. Sir Raph Astrie Fishmonger, made knight by Henry the seuenth, Robert Fabian Alderman made Fabians Chronicle, a painefull labour, to the honor of the Citie, and the whole realme.
-
1494.
-
1495.
-
1496.
-
1497The 13. sheriffes Bartilmew Read, Thomas Windoute M. William Purchase Mercer. All the gardens in the Morefielde were destroyed, and made plaine ground.
-
1498.The 14. sheriffes Thomas Bradbury, Stephen Ienings M. Sir Iohn Perciuall Taylor, made knight in the field by Henry the seuenth.
-
1499The 15. sheriffes Iames Wilford, Thomas Brond176, M. Ni
cholas Alwin Mercer. This Nicholas Alwin gaue to 3000. poore people in London xij.d. the péece, and to 3000. in the towne of Spalding the like, &c. -
1500.
-
1501.The 17. sheriffes Laurence Ailmer, Henry Hede, M. Sir Iohn Sha Goldsmith, made knight in the fielde by Henry the se
uenth. This Sir Iohn Shae caused his brethren the Aldermen to ride from the Guildhall vnto the waters side, where he tooke his Barge to Westminster. -
1502.
-
1503.The 19. sheriffes Christopher Hawes, Robert Wats, Thomas Granger M. Sir William Capell Draper, made knight by Hen
ry the seuenth. This Sir William caused a Cage in euery Ward to be set for punishing of vagabondes. -
1504.
-
1505.The 21. sheriffes Richard Shore, Roger Groue, M. Tho
mas Knesworth Fishmonger. This T. Knesworth appointed the water Conduit at Bishopsgate to be builded, &c. -
1506.The 22. sheriffes William Copenger, Thomas Iohnson, William Fitzwilliams, M. Sir Richard Haddon Mercer.
-
1507.The 23. sheriffes William Butler, Iohn Kyrkby, M. William Browne Mercer: for part Laurence Ailmer Draper.
-
1508.The 24. sheriffes Thomas Exmew, Richard Smith, Mayor Stephen Ienings Marchant taylor. This Stephen Ienings buil
ded the greatest parte of Saint Andrewes Church called Un
dershaft. He builded a free schoole at Wlfrunehampton in Stafford
shire, &c. 177
Henry the eight began his raigne the 22. of Aprill the yeare 1509.
-
1509.THe 1. sheriffes, George Monoxe, Iohn Doget, M. Tho
mas Bradbury Mercer: for parte Sir William Caple Draper. -
1510.The 2. sheriffes Iohn Milborne, Iohn Rest. Mayor Henry Keble Grocer. This Henry Keble gaue 1000. pound toward the new building of his parish Church of Aldermary.
-
1511.The 3. sheriffes Nicholas Shelton, Thomas Mirfine, M. Roger Achiley Draper. This Roger Achiley prouided corne for seruice of this Citie in great plentie: He caused the same to be stowed vp in the common garner called Leaden Hall.
-
1512.The 4. sheriffes Robert Aldarnes, Robert Fenrother, M. Sir William Copinger Fishmonger, for parte Richarde Haddon Mercer, for the rest. Sir W. Copinger gaue halfe his goods to his wife, and the other halfe to the poore that had most néede.
-
1513.The 5. sheriffes Iohn Dawes, Iohn Bridges, Roger Bafford M. William Browne Mercer, and Iohn Tate Mercer. This Iohn Tate new builded the church of S. Anthonies Hospitall in London,
-
1514.
-
1515.
-
1516.
-
1517.The 9. sheriffes Thomas Baldrie Raph Simondes, M. Sir Thomas Exmew Goldsmith. Sir Thomas Exmew made the water conduit in London wall by Moregate &c.
-
1518.
-
1519.The 11. sheriffes Iohn Wilkenson, Nicholas Partrich, M. Sir Iames Yarforde Mercer. From this time the Mayors of London, for the most part haue beene knighted by curtesie of the kinges, and not otherwise.
-
1520.
-
1521.The 13. sheriffes Iohn Breton Thomas Pargetor, M. Sir Iohn Milborne Draper. This Sir Iohn Milborne founded fourtéene Almes houses by the Crossed Friers church &c.
-
1522
-
1523.
-
1524.
-
1525.
-
1526.
-
1527.
-
1528.The 20. sheriffes Raph Waten, Iohn Long, M. Sir IohnRudstone
445Temporal gouernment.Rudstone Draper. -
1529.The 21. sheriffes Michel Dormer Walter Champion, M. Sir Raph Dodmer Mercer. This yeare it was decréed that no man should be Mayor of London more then one yeare.
-
1530.
-
1531.
-
1532.The 24. sheriffes Richard Reynolds, Nicholas Pinchon, Iohn Martin Iohn Prist, Mayor Sir Stephen Pecocke Haber
dasher. -
1533.
-
1534.
-
1535.The 27. sheriffes Humphrey Munmouth, Iohn Cootes, M. Sir Iohn Allen Mercer, by the kinges appointment he was of his Councell. A man of great wisdome, and also of great charitie.
-
1536.
-
1537.
-
1538.
-
1539.
-
1540.
-
1541.
-
1542.
-
1543.The 35. sheriffes Iohn Toleus, Richard Dobbes, Maior Sir William Bowyer Draper: For parte Sir Raph Waren Mercer.
-
1544.
-
1545.
-
1546
Edward the sixt began his raigne the 28. of Ianuary, in the yeare 1546.
-
1547.
-
1548.
-
1549.
-
1550.
-
1551.
-
1552.
Queene Mary began her raigne the 6. of Iuly the yeare 1553.
-
1553.THe 1. sheriffes Thomas Ofley, William Huet, M. Sir Thomas White Merchantaylor. This Sir Thomas White founded S. Iohns Colledge in Oxford. He gaue to the Citie of Bristow 2000. pound, &c.
-
1554.
-
1555..
-
1556.
-
1557.
-
1558.
Queene Elizabeth began her raigne the 17. of No
uember, in the yeare of Christ 1558.
-
1559.
-
1560.The 2. sheriffes Christopher Draper, Thomas Row, M. Sir VVilliam Chester Draper. This yeare the Marchant taylors of London founded their notable frée schoole for poore mens chil
dren, &c. -
1561.
-
1562.
-
1563.
-
1564.
-
1565.
-
1566.The 8. sheriffes Richard Lambert, Ambrose Nicholas, Iohn Langley, M. Sir Christopher Draper Ironmonger.
-
1567.
-
1568.
-
1569.
-
1570.
-
1571.
-
1572.
-
1573.
-
1574
-
1575.
-
1576.
-
1577.
-
1578.
-
1579.
-
1580.
-
1581.
-
1582.
-
1583.
-
1584
-
1585.
-
1586.
-
1587
-
1588.The 30. sheriffes Hugh Ofley, Richard Saltenstall, M. Sir Martin Calthrope Draper for part, and Richard Martin Gold
smith for the rest of that yeare. -
1589.
-
1590.The 32. sheriffes Nicholas Mosley, Robert Broke, M. Iohn Allot, Fishmonger for part Sir Rowland Heyward Clothworker
449Temporall gouernment.for the rest. -
1591.
-
1592.
-
1593.The 35. sheriffes Paule Banning, Peter Hauton, M. Sir Cuthbert Buckle Uintner for part: Sir Richard Martin Gold
smith for the rest. -
1594.
-
1595.
-
1596.The 38. sheriffes, Iohn Wattes, Richard Godard, Mayor Thomas Skinner Clothworker: for part Sir Henry Billingsley. Haberdasher.
-
1597.
-
1598.
Thus much for the chiefe and principall Gouernors of this fa
mous Citie, of whose politike gouernment, with the assistance of inferior officers, their charges for kéeping of the peace, seruice of the Prince, and honour of this Citie, much might haue beene said, and I had thought to haue touched, but being informed that a learned Gentleman, a Citizen borne, minded such a labor, and promised to performe it, I haue forborne, and left the same to his good leysure.
mous Citie, of whose politike gouernment, with the assistance of inferior officers, their charges for kéeping of the peace, seruice of the Prince, and honour of this Citie, much might haue beene said, and I had thought to haue touched, but being informed that a learned Gentleman, a Citizen borne, minded such a labor, and promised to performe it, I haue forborne, and left the same to his good leysure.
Now
Gg
450
NOw since that I haue giuen you an outward view of this City, it shall not be
impertinent to let you take an insight also of the same, such as a Londoner
borne, discoursed aboue twenty yeares agone, for answere (as it see
meth) to some obiections, that then were made against the growing greatnes thereof. The Author gaue it me, & therefore howsoeuer I conceale his name (which it selfe pretendeth not) I thinke it may without his offence im
part it to others, that they may take pleasure in the rea
ding, as I doubt not but he did in the writing. Long may they (that list) enuie, and long may we and our posterity enioy the good estate of this Citie.
meth) to some obiections, that then were made against the growing greatnes thereof. The Author gaue it me, & therefore howsoeuer I conceale his name (which it selfe pretendeth not) I thinke it may without his offence im
part it to others, that they may take pleasure in the rea
ding, as I doubt not but he did in the writing. Long may they (that list) enuie, and long may we and our posterity enioy the good estate of this Citie.
A
467
A Discourse of the names and first cau
ses of the institution of Cities, and peopled townes. And of the commodities that doe growe by the same: and namely of the Citie of London. Written by way of an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, which thinke that the greatnesse of that Citie standeth not with the profit and securitie of this Realme.
ses of the institution of Cities, and peopled townes. And of the commodities that doe growe by the same: and namely of the Citie of London. Written by way of an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, which thinke that the greatnesse of that Citie standeth not with the profit and securitie of this Realme.
CIties and well peopled places bee called Oppida,
in Latine, eyther ab ope danda, or ab opibus, or ab opponendo se
ho
stibus. They be named also ciuitates a coeundo, and (vrbes) either of the word vrbare, because the first inclosure of them was described with ye draught of a Plow. Or els ab orbe, for the round compasse that they at the first had.
stibus. They be named also ciuitates a coeundo, and (vrbes) either of the word vrbare, because the first inclosure of them was described with ye draught of a Plow. Or els ab orbe, for the round compasse that they at the first had.
In the Gréeke a Cittie is tearmed ϖόλις182,
eyther of the worde ϖολὺς183, multus,
or of πολεῖνω ϖολένεον184: id est, habitare,
alere, gubernare.
In the Saxon (or old English) sometimes Tun,
which wee now call Towne, deriued of the word Tynan, to inclose or tyne, as some yet speake. But for as much as
that word was proper to euery village and inclosed dwelling, therefore our
auncestors cal
led their walled townes,buꞂh or biꞂiȝ, and we now Bury and Borow, of the Gréeke word πύργος(as I thinke) which sig
nifieth a Tower or a high building.
led their walled townes,buꞂh or biꞂiȝ, and we now Bury and Borow, of the Gréeke word πύργος(as I thinke) which sig
nifieth a Tower or a high building.
The walles of these townes had their name of vallum, because at the first they were but of that earth which was
cast out of the trench or ditch wherewith they were enuironed.
But afterward, being made of matter more fit for defence, they were named a muniendo mænia. By the Etimologie of
litatis causa constitutæ sunt. Aristotle 1. Politicorum 2. saith, Ciuitas a natura profecta est: homo enim animal aptum est ad coetus, & proinde ciuitatis origo ad viuendum, institutio ad bene viuendum refertur. And Cicero, (lib. primo de in
uentione) in the beginning saith, Fuit quoddam tempus cum in agris homines passim bestiarum more vagabantur, &c. quo quidem tempore, quidā (magnus viz. vir, & sapiens) dispersos homines in agris, & tectis siluestribus abditos, ratione qua
dam compulit in vnum locum, at q;eos in vnam quamq; rem induxit vtilem & honestam. Vrbibus verò constitutis, fi
dem colere, & institiam retinere discebant, & alijs parere sua voluntate consuescebant, &c. The same man discourseth nota
blie to the same effect, in his Oration pro Sestio, a little after the middest thereof, shewing that in the life of men dispersed vis bea
reth all the sway: but in the Ciuile life and societie ius is better maintained, &c. This thing well saw King William the Conque
ror, who in his lawes (fol.125.) saith Burgi et Ciuitates fundata & edificata sunt, ad tuitionē gentium, & populorum Regni, & idcirco obseruari debent cum omni libertate, integritate, & ratione. And his predecessors, king Ethelstane, and King Canu
tus in their lawes (fol. 62. & 106.) had commanded thus: Oppi
da instaurantur &c.
these
Gg2
468
An Apologie
these names, it may appeare that common weales,
Cities and townes were at the first inuented, to the end that men might leade a
ciuile life amongst themselues, and bee saued harmeles against their enemies:
whereupon Plato saith, Ciuitates ab initio vtilitatis causa constitutæ sunt. Aristotle 1. Politicorum 2. saith, Ciuitas a natura profecta est: homo enim animal aptum est ad coetus, & proinde ciuitatis origo ad viuendum, institutio ad bene viuendum refertur. And Cicero, (lib. primo de in
uentione) in the beginning saith, Fuit quoddam tempus cum in agris homines passim bestiarum more vagabantur, &c. quo quidem tempore, quidā (magnus viz. vir, & sapiens) dispersos homines in agris, & tectis siluestribus abditos, ratione qua
dam compulit in vnum locum, at q;eos in vnam quamq; rem induxit vtilem & honestam. Vrbibus verò constitutis, fi
dem colere, & institiam retinere discebant, & alijs parere sua voluntate consuescebant, &c. The same man discourseth nota
blie to the same effect, in his Oration pro Sestio, a little after the middest thereof, shewing that in the life of men dispersed vis bea
reth all the sway: but in the Ciuile life and societie ius is better maintained, &c. This thing well saw King William the Conque
ror, who in his lawes (fol.125.) saith Burgi et Ciuitates fundata & edificata sunt, ad tuitionē gentium, & populorum Regni, & idcirco obseruari debent cum omni libertate, integritate, & ratione. And his predecessors, king Ethelstane, and King Canu
tus in their lawes (fol. 62. & 106.) had commanded thus: Oppi
da instaurantur &c.
Séeing therefore that as Cicero 2. officior. saith, proxime & secuudum Deos, homines hominibus maximè vtiles esse
possunt. And that men are congregated into Cities and common
wealthes, for honesty and vtilities sake, these shortly be the com
modities that do come by cities, communalties, and corporations. First, men (by this nearenesse of conuersation) are wtdrawen from barbarous feritie and force, to a certaine mildnes of manners, and to humanitie and iustice: whereby they are contented to giue and take right, to and from their equalles and inferiors, and to heare and obey their heades and superiors. Also the doctrine of God
celled others this way, were called astuti of the Gréeke worde (ἄςυ185) which signifieth a Citie, although the tearme be now de
clined to the worst part (and do betoken euill) euen as Tyrannus, Sophista, andsome such other originally good wordes are fal
len: And hereof also good behauiour is yet called Vrbanitas, be
cause it is rather found in Cities, then elswhere. In summe, by often hearing men be better perswaded in religion, and for that they liue in the eye of others, they bee by example the more easily trayned to iustice, and by shamefastnesse restrained from iniurie.
modities that do come by cities, communalties, and corporations. First, men (by this nearenesse of conuersation) are wtdrawen from barbarous feritie and force, to a certaine mildnes of manners, and to humanitie and iustice: whereby they are contented to giue and take right, to and from their equalles and inferiors, and to heare and obey their heades and superiors. Also the doctrine of God
be
469
of the Citie of London.
is more fitly deliuered, and the
discipline thereof more aptly to bee executed, in peopled Townes then abroad, by
reason of the facilitie of common and often assembling. And consequently, such
inhabitantes be better managed in order, and better instructed in wisedome:
whereof it came to passe that at the first, they that excelled others this way, were called astuti of the Gréeke worde (ἄςυ185) which signifieth a Citie, although the tearme be now de
clined to the worst part (and do betoken euill) euen as Tyrannus, Sophista, andsome such other originally good wordes are fal
len: And hereof also good behauiour is yet called Vrbanitas, be
cause it is rather found in Cities, then elswhere. In summe, by often hearing men be better perswaded in religion, and for that they liue in the eye of others, they bee by example the more easily trayned to iustice, and by shamefastnesse restrained from iniurie.
And whereas common wealthes and kingdomes cannot haue (next after God) any surer
foundation, then the loue and good wil of one man towardes an other, that also is
closely bred and main
tained in Cities, where men by mutuall societie and companying together, do grow to alliances, communalties and corporations.
tained in Cities, where men by mutuall societie and companying together, do grow to alliances, communalties and corporations.
The liberall sciences and learninges of all sortes, which be lu
mina reipublicæ, do flourish only in peopled townes, without the which a realme is in no better case then a man that lacketh both his eyes.
mina reipublicæ, do flourish only in peopled townes, without the which a realme is in no better case then a man that lacketh both his eyes.
Manual artes, or handie craftes, as they haue for
the most part béene inuented in townes and Cities, so they cannot any where els be
eyther maintained or amended. The like is to bee saide of Marchandize, vnder which
name I comprehende all manner of buying, selling, bartering, exchaunging,
communicating of thinges that men néede, to and fro. Wealth and riches (which are
truely called Subsidia belli, & ornamenta
pacis) are in
creased chiefly in Townes and Cities, both to the prince & people.
creased chiefly in Townes and Cities, both to the prince & people.
The necessitie of the poore and needie is in such places both soo
ner to be espied, and hath meanes to be more charitably relieued.
ner to be espied, and hath meanes to be more charitably relieued.
The places themselues be surer refuges in all extremities of forraine inuasion,
and the inhabitantes bee a ready hand and strength of men with munition to
oppresse intestine sedition.
Moreouer, for as much as the force of the warres of our
ted as the inhabitantes that be drawen out of the Countrie.
time
Gg3
470
An Apologie
time consisteth chiefly in shotte (all other
soldiers being eyther horsemen or footemen armed on lande, or Mariners at the
Sea). It séemeth to me that Citizens and Townesmen bee as fitte to be imployed in
any of these seruices (that on horsebacke onely excepted as the inhabitantes that be drawen out of the Countrie.
Furthermore, euen as these societies and assemblies of men in Cities and great
Townes, are a continuall brydle against ti
ranny, which was the cause that Tarquin, Nero, Dionisius, and such others haue alwayes sought to weaken them. So (being well tempered) they are a strong forte and bulwarke not onely in the Aristocratie, but also in the lawfull kingdome, or iust royaltie.
ranny, which was the cause that Tarquin, Nero, Dionisius, and such others haue alwayes sought to weaken them. So (being well tempered) they are a strong forte and bulwarke not onely in the Aristocratie, but also in the lawfull kingdome, or iust royaltie.
At once the propagation of religion, the execution of good po
licie, the exercise of charitie, and the defence of the countrie, is best performed by Townes and Cities: and this ciuile life ap
procheth nearest to the shape of that misticall bodie wherof Christ is the heade, and men bee the members: whereupon both at the first, that man of God Moyses, in the common wealth of the Is
raelites, and the gouernors of all Countries in all ages sithence haue continually maintayned the same. And to chaunge it were nothing els but to Metamorphose the worlde, and to make wild beastes of reasonable men. To stand longer vpon this it were in re non dubia, vti oratione non necessaria: and therefore I will come to London.
licie, the exercise of charitie, and the defence of the countrie, is best performed by Townes and Cities: and this ciuile life ap
procheth nearest to the shape of that misticall bodie wherof Christ is the heade, and men bee the members: whereupon both at the first, that man of God Moyses, in the common wealth of the Is
raelites, and the gouernors of all Countries in all ages sithence haue continually maintayned the same. And to chaunge it were nothing els but to Metamorphose the worlde, and to make wild beastes of reasonable men. To stand longer vpon this it were in re non dubia, vti oratione non necessaria: and therefore I will come to London.
The singularities of the City of London.
WHatsoeuer is saide of Citties generally, ma
keth also for London specially: howbeit these thinges are particularly for our purpose to bee considered in it. The situation: the former estimation that it hath had: the seruice that it hath done: the present estate and gouernment of it, and such benefites as doe growe to the realme by the mainte
nance thereof.
keth also for London specially: howbeit these thinges are particularly for our purpose to bee considered in it. The situation: the former estimation that it hath had: the seruice that it hath done: the present estate and gouernment of it, and such benefites as doe growe to the realme by the mainte
nance thereof.
This
471
of the Citie of London.
This Realme hath onely thrée
principall Riuers, whereon a royall Cittie may well be situated: Trent in the
North, Seuerne, in the Southwest and Thames in the South East: of the which Thames
both for the streight course in length reacheth furthest into the bellie of the
lande, and for the breadth and stilnesse of the water is most nauigable vp and
downe the streame: by reason whereof London (standing almost in the
middle of that course) is more commodiously serued with prouision of necessaries,
then any towne standing vpon any of the other two riuers can be, and doth also
more easily communicate to the rest of the realme the commodities of her owne
intercourse and trafficke. This Riuer openeth indifferently vpon Fraunce
and Flaunders, our mightiest neighbors, to whose doings we ought to haue a bent eye, and speciall regarde: and this Citie standeth thereon in such conueni
ent distance from the sea, as it is not onely neare inough for intelli
gence of the affayres of those princes, and for the resistance of their attempts: but also sufficiently remoued from the feare of any sud
daine daungers that may bee offered by them: whereas for the Prince of this realme to dwell vpon Trent, were to turne his backe, or blind side to his most daungerous borderers: and for him to rest and dwell vppon Seuerne, were to be shut vppe in a cumbersome corner: which openeth but vpon Ireland onely, a place of much lesse importance. Neither coulde London bée pitched so commodiously vppon any other parte of the same Riuer of Thames, as where it now standeth. For if it were remoued more to the west, it should lose the benefit of the ebbing and flow
ing: and if it were seated more towarde the East, it shoulde bee nearer to daunger of the enemie, and further both from the good ayre, and from doing good to the inner parts of the Realme: Ney
ther may I omit that none other place is so plentifully watered with springs, as London is.
And whereas (amongst other thinges) Corne and Cattell, Hay and fuell bee of great
necessitie: of the which Cattell may bée driuen from a farre, and corne may easily
bee transported. But Hay and Fuell (being of greater bulke and burthen) must be
had at hande: onely London (by the benefite of this situation
dence of the Prince, the repaire of the parliament, and Courtes of iustice, yet it stood principally by the aduantage of the situation vpon the riuer: for when as on a time it was told him by a Cour
tier, that Quéene Mary (in her displeasure against London) had appointed to romoue with the Parliament and terme to Oxford, this plaine man demanded, whether she meant also to diuert the Riuer of Thames from London, or no? and when the Gentle
man had answered no, then quoth the Alderman, by Gods grace we shall doe well enough at London, whatsoeuer become of the Tearme and Parliament. I my selfe being then a young scholler at Oxford did see great preparation made towardes that Tearme and Parliament, and do well remember that the common opini
on and voice was, that they were not holden there, because pro
uision of Hay could not be made in all the Countrey to serue for tenne whole dayes together, and yet is that quarter plentifully stored with Hay for the proportion of the shire it selfe.
and
Gg4
472
An Apologie
and riuer) may be sufficiently serued
therewith. In which respect an Alderman of London reasonably (as me
thought) affirmed, that although London receyued great nourishment by the
residence of the Prince, the repaire of the parliament, and Courtes of iustice, yet it stood principally by the aduantage of the situation vpon the riuer: for when as on a time it was told him by a Cour
tier, that Quéene Mary (in her displeasure against London) had appointed to romoue with the Parliament and terme to Oxford, this plaine man demanded, whether she meant also to diuert the Riuer of Thames from London, or no? and when the Gentle
man had answered no, then quoth the Alderman, by Gods grace we shall doe well enough at London, whatsoeuer become of the Tearme and Parliament. I my selfe being then a young scholler at Oxford did see great preparation made towardes that Tearme and Parliament, and do well remember that the common opini
on and voice was, that they were not holden there, because pro
uision of Hay could not be made in all the Countrey to serue for tenne whole dayes together, and yet is that quarter plentifully stored with Hay for the proportion of the shire it selfe.
For proofe of the auncient estimation of London, I will not vse the
authoritie of the British historie, nor of such as follow it, (although some holde
it credible enough that London was first Trinobantum ciuitas, or
Troia noua, that famous Cittie in our histories, and then
Ludstoune, and by corruption London, as they report) because
they bee not of sufficient force to drawe the gaynesayers. Neyther will I stande
much vppon that honorable testimony which Geruas. Tiberiens. giueth to
London in his booke de otijs Imperialibus, saying thus,
concerning the blessing of God towardes it.
In vibe London, exceptione habet diuulgatum id per omnes æquè gentes Lucani
prouerbium.
Inuida fatorum series summisque negatum
Stare diu:
Nam ea annis 354. ante Romam-conditam, nunquam a
misit principatum nec bello consumpta est.
misit principatum nec bello consumpta est.
But I will rather vse the credite of one or two auncient for
atu maxime celebris, and Herodian in the life of Seuerus the Emperour sayeth, Londinum vrbs magna et opulenta, Beda lib. Ecclesrastic. 10. Cha. 29. sheweth that Pope Gregorie ap
pointed two Archbishops Seas in England, the one at London, the other at Yorke, king Ethelstane in his lawes appointing how many Mint maisters should bee in each Citie, allotteth eight to London, and not so many to any other cittie. The Penner of those lawes that are saide to bée made by Edwarde the Confessor and confirmed by William the Conqueror sayeth, London est caput Regni, et Legum, king Henrie the first, in the third chap
ter of his lawes commandeth that no Citizen of London shoulde be amerced aboue 100.s̃. for anie pecuniarie pain. The great Charter of England (that Helena,) for which there was so long and so great warre, and contention, in the 9. Chapter sayeth, ciui
tas London habeat omnes suas Libertates antiquas &c. aboute the time of king Iohn, London was reputed regna firmata Co
lumna, as Alexander Necham writeth, and in the beginning of the raigne of Richard the second, it was called Camera regis, as Thomas Walsingham reporteth. I passe ouer the recital of the Saxon Charter of king W. the Conqueror the latine Charters of Henry the first, and second of Richarde the first, of Iohn, and of Edward the first (all which gaue vnto the Citizens of London great Priueledges) and of Edwarde the thirde, who reciting all the grants of his Predicessors, not onely confirmed but also increa
sed the same, and of the latter kinges who haue likewise added many thinges thereunto. Onely I wish to bee noted by them that during all this time all those wise and politique Princes haue thought it fitte not onely to maintaine London in such plight as they found it, but also to adorne, increase and amplifie it with singular tokens of their liberall fauour and good liking. And whe
ther there be not now the same or greater causes to draw the like or better estimation, and cherishing, let any man bee iudge, that will take the paines to compare the present estate of London, (yet still growing to better, with the former condition of the same.
raine
473
of the Citie of London.
ren writers, and then descend to
latter histories, Cornel. Tacitus lib. 4. Annal sayeth, Londinum copia negociatorum, et comeatu maxime celebris, and Herodian in the life of Seuerus the Emperour sayeth, Londinum vrbs magna et opulenta, Beda lib. Ecclesrastic. 10. Cha. 29. sheweth that Pope Gregorie ap
pointed two Archbishops Seas in England, the one at London, the other at Yorke, king Ethelstane in his lawes appointing how many Mint maisters should bee in each Citie, allotteth eight to London, and not so many to any other cittie. The Penner of those lawes that are saide to bée made by Edwarde the Confessor and confirmed by William the Conqueror sayeth, London est caput Regni, et Legum, king Henrie the first, in the third chap
ter of his lawes commandeth that no Citizen of London shoulde be amerced aboue 100.s̃. for anie pecuniarie pain. The great Charter of England (that Helena,) for which there was so long and so great warre, and contention, in the 9. Chapter sayeth, ciui
tas London habeat omnes suas Libertates antiquas &c. aboute the time of king Iohn, London was reputed regna firmata Co
lumna, as Alexander Necham writeth, and in the beginning of the raigne of Richard the second, it was called Camera regis, as Thomas Walsingham reporteth. I passe ouer the recital of the Saxon Charter of king W. the Conqueror the latine Charters of Henry the first, and second of Richarde the first, of Iohn, and of Edward the first (all which gaue vnto the Citizens of London great Priueledges) and of Edwarde the thirde, who reciting all the grants of his Predicessors, not onely confirmed but also increa
sed the same, and of the latter kinges who haue likewise added many thinges thereunto. Onely I wish to bee noted by them that during all this time all those wise and politique Princes haue thought it fitte not onely to maintaine London in such plight as they found it, but also to adorne, increase and amplifie it with singular tokens of their liberall fauour and good liking. And whe
ther there be not now the same or greater causes to draw the like or better estimation, and cherishing, let any man bee iudge, that will take the paines to compare the present estate of London, (yet still growing to better, with the former condition of the same.
It
474
An Apologie
It were too much to recite particularly the
martiall seruices, that this Citie hath done from time to time: neither do I
thinke that they be all committed to writing, onely for a tast (as it were) I will
note these few following.
Almost 60. yeares before the Conquest, a huge Armie of the Danes (whereof king
Sweyne was the leader,) besieged king Etheldred in
London, (then the which as the storie sayeth then he had none other
refuge) but they were manfully repulsed, and a greate number of them slaine.
After the death of this Sweyn, his sonne Canutus (afterward king
of England) besieged London, both by Land and Water: but after
much labour, finding it impregnable, he departed: and in the same yeare repayring
his forces, he girded it with a new siege, in the which the Citizens so defended
themselues, and offended him that in the end hée went away with shame.
In the dissention that arose betwéene king Edward the Con
fessor, & his father in law Earle Goodwin (which was the migh
tiest subiect within this land that euer I haue read of.) The Earle with a great Armie came to London, and was for all that by the countenance of the Citizens resisted, till such time as the No
bilitie made reconciliation betwéene them. About 70. yeares af
ter the Conquest Maude the Empresse made warre vppon king Stephen for the right of the Crowne, and had taken his person prisoner, but by the strength and assistance of the Londoners and Kentishmen, Maude was put to flight at Winchester, and her brother Robert then Earle of Glocester, was taken in exchange for whome king Stephen was deliuered, I dispute not whose right was better, but I auouch the seruice, seeing Stephen was in possession.
fessor, & his father in law Earle Goodwin (which was the migh
tiest subiect within this land that euer I haue read of.) The Earle with a great Armie came to London, and was for all that by the countenance of the Citizens resisted, till such time as the No
bilitie made reconciliation betwéene them. About 70. yeares af
ter the Conquest Maude the Empresse made warre vppon king Stephen for the right of the Crowne, and had taken his person prisoner, but by the strength and assistance of the Londoners and Kentishmen, Maude was put to flight at Winchester, and her brother Robert then Earle of Glocester, was taken in exchange for whome king Stephen was deliuered, I dispute not whose right was better, but I auouch the seruice, seeing Stephen was in possession.
The Historie of VVilliam VValworth the Maior of Lon
don, is well knowne, by whose manhoode and policie, the person of king Richarde the second was rescued, the Citie saued, Wat Tiler killed,
ward of which seruice the Cittie had a Daggar added to their shielde of Armes, and the Maiors haue beene most commonly si
thens knighted.
don, is well knowne, by whose manhoode and policie, the person of king Richarde the second was rescued, the Citie saued, Wat Tiler killed,
After the
com
mon opinion of men of late times.
and all his
stranglers discomfited, in memory and remon opinion of men of late times.
ward of which seruice the Cittie had a Daggar added to their shielde of Armes, and the Maiors haue beene most commonly si
thens knighted.
Iacke Cade also hauing discomfited the kinges Armie, that
was
475
of the Citie of London.
was sent against him, came to
London, and was there manfully and with long fight resisted, vntill
that by the good policie of the Citizens his company was dispersed.
Finally in the tenth yeare of the
raigne of king Edwarde the fourth, and not many dayes before
the death of Henry the sixt, Thomas Neuell, (commonly called the
Bastarde of Faucon
bridge,) armed a great Company against the king, and being de
nied passage through London, he assaulted it on diuers parts: but he was repulsed by the Citizens, and chased as far as Stratforde with the losse of a great many.
bridge,) armed a great Company against the king, and being de
nied passage through London, he assaulted it on diuers parts: but he was repulsed by the Citizens, and chased as far as Stratforde with the losse of a great many.
Thus much of certaine their principall, and personall seruices, in war onely, for
it were infinite to repeate the particular aides of men and money. which
London hath ministred: and I had rather to leaue it to be coniectured
at by comparison to be made betwéene it, & othercities, whereof I will giue
you this one note for an ex
ample. In the 12. yeare of the raigne of king Edward the 2. it was ordered by Parliament, that euery Citty of the Realme shoulde make out souldiours against the Scots: at which tyme London was appointed to send 200. men, and Canterbury (being then one of our best Citties) 40. and no more. And this proportion of fiue to one, is now in our age increased, at the least fiue to one, both in souldiers and subsidie. As for the other seruices that London hath done in times of peace, they are to be measured by consideration of the commodities whereof I will speake anon. In the meane sea
son let the estate and gouernment of this Citie be considered to the end that it may appeare that it standeth well with the policie of the Realme.
ample. In the 12. yeare of the raigne of king Edward the 2. it was ordered by Parliament, that euery Citty of the Realme shoulde make out souldiours against the Scots: at which tyme London was appointed to send 200. men, and Canterbury (being then one of our best Citties) 40. and no more. And this proportion of fiue to one, is now in our age increased, at the least fiue to one, both in souldiers and subsidie. As for the other seruices that London hath done in times of peace, they are to be measured by consideration of the commodities whereof I will speake anon. In the meane sea
son let the estate and gouernment of this Citie be considered to the end that it may appeare that it standeth well with the policie of the Realme.
Cæsar in his Commentaries is witnes, that in his time the Cities of
Britain had large Teritories annexed vnto them, and were seuerall
estates of them selues gouerned by particular kinges or Potentates, as in
Italie and Germany, et bee: and that Mandubratius
was king of the Trinobantes, whose chiefe Citie London is taken
to haue been: And I find not that this & gouern
ment was altered eyther by Cæsar, or his successors, notwithstan
ding that the Countrie became tributorie vnto them: but that it continued vntill at the length the Britons themselues reduced all their peoples into one Monarchy, howbeit that lasted not any long
cestors, and they draue the Britons into Wales, Cornwall, and Britaine, in France, and in processe of Warre deuided the Coun
try amongst themselues into an Eptarchie, or seauen kingdomes, of the which one was called the kingdome of the East Saxons, which hauing in manner the same limmites that the Bishopricke of London now enioyeth, contayned Essex, Middlesex, and a part of Hertfordshire, and so included London. Againe it appeareth that in course of time, and about 800. yeares after Christ, Eg
bert (then king of the West Saxons) Vt pisces sæpe minutos magnus comest, ouercame the rest of the kinges, and once more erected a Monarchie, the which till the comming in of the Nor
mans, and from thence euen hetherto hath continued.
ment was altered eyther by Cæsar, or his successors, notwithstan
ding that the Countrie became tributorie vnto them: but that it continued vntill at the length the Britons themselues reduced all their peoples into one Monarchy, howbeit that lasted not any long
season
475
An Apologie
season: for vpon Vortiger their king
came the Saxons our Auncestors, and they draue the Britons into Wales, Cornwall, and Britaine, in France, and in processe of Warre deuided the Coun
try amongst themselues into an Eptarchie, or seauen kingdomes, of the which one was called the kingdome of the East Saxons, which hauing in manner the same limmites that the Bishopricke of London now enioyeth, contayned Essex, Middlesex, and a part of Hertfordshire, and so included London. Againe it appeareth that in course of time, and about 800. yeares after Christ, Eg
bert (then king of the West Saxons) Vt pisces sæpe minutos magnus comest, ouercame the rest of the kinges, and once more erected a Monarchie, the which till the comming in of the Nor
mans, and from thence euen hetherto hath continued.
Now I doubt not (whatsoeuer London was in the time of Cæsar) but
that vnder the Eptarchie and Monarchie it hath béene a subiect, and no frée Citie,
though happily endowed with some large Priuiledges, for king William the
Conqueror founde a Portréeue there whose name was Godfrey (by which name
hee gréeteth him in his Saxon Chre186) and his office was none other then
the charge of a Bayliffe, or Réeue, as by the selfe same name continuing yet in
Grauesend, and certaine other places may well appeare. But the Frenchmen vsing
their owne language, called him sometime a Prouost, and sometime a Bayliffe,
whatsoeuer his name and office were, he was perpetuus Magistratus giuen
by the Prince, and not chosen by the Citizens, as it séemeth, for what time king
Richarde the first néeded money towardes his ex
pedition in the Holy Land, they first purchased of him the Liberty to choose yearely from amongst themselues two Bayliffes: And king Iohn his successor, at their like suite changed their Bayliffes into a Maior, and two sheriffes. To these Henry the thirde added Aldermen, at the first elegible yearelie, but afterward by king E. the thirde made perpetuall Magistrates, and Iustices of the peace within their wardes, in which plight of gouernment it presentlie standeth. This shortlie as I could is the Historicall and outward estate of London: now come I to the inwarde pith & substance.
pedition in the Holy Land, they first purchased of him the Liberty to choose yearely from amongst themselues two Bayliffes: And king Iohn his successor, at their like suite changed their Bayliffes into a Maior, and two sheriffes. To these Henry the thirde added Aldermen, at the first elegible yearelie, but afterward by king E. the thirde made perpetuall Magistrates, and Iustices of the peace within their wardes, in which plight of gouernment it presentlie standeth. This shortlie as I could is the Historicall and outward estate of London: now come I to the inwarde pith & substance.
The estate of this City is to bee examined by the quantitie and by the
qualitie.
The
477
of the Citie of London.
The quantitie therefore consisteth
in the number of the Citizens which is very great and farre exceedeth the proportion of Hippodamus which appointed 10000. & of others which haue set downe other numbers as méete styntes in their opinions to bée well gouerned, but yet seeing both reason and experience haue freed vs from the law of any definite number, so that other things bée bserued 187, let that bee admitted: neyther is London (I feare mée) so great as populous: for well sayeth onē, non idem est magna ciuitas & frequens, magna est enim quæ multos ha
bet qui arma ferre possunt, whatsoeuer the number bée, the brée
deth no feare of sedition: forasmuch as the same consisteth not in the extreames, but in a verie mediocrity of Welth and riches, as it shall better appeare anone. And if the causes of English re
bellions be searched out, they shall be found in effect to bee these twaine, Ambition, and Couetousnes, of which the first raigneth in the mindes of high and noble personages, or of such others, as séeke to be gratious and popular, and haue robbed the heartes of the multitude, whereas in London if any where in the worlde, honos veré onus est, and euery man rather shunneth then séeketh the Maioraltie which is the best marke amongst them, neyther hath there béene any strong faction, nor any man more popular then the rest, forasmuch as the gouernment is by a Paterne (as it were) and alwaies the fame, how often soeuer they change their Magistrate. Couetousnes, (that other Syre of sedition) pos
sessth the miserable and néedy sort, and such as be naughty packes, vnthrifts, (which although it cannot be chosen, but ye in a frequent City as London is, there shalbée found many) yet beare they not any great sway, séeing the multitude and most part there is of a competent welth, and earnestly bent to honest labour, I confesse that London is a mighty arme and instrument to bring any great desire to effect, if it may be won to a mans deuotion: whereof also there want not examples in the English Historie. But forasmuch as the same is by the like reason seruiceable and méete to impeach any disloyall attempt, let it rather be well gouerned then euil liked therfore, for it shal appeare anon that as London hath adhered to som rebelliōs, so hath it resisted many & was neuer ye author of any one. The quality of this city consisteth eyther in the law & gouern
ment.
478
An Apologie.
ment thereof: or in the degrées and condition
of the Citizens, or in their strength and riches.
It is besides the purpose, to dispute, whether the estate of the gouernment here
bee a Democratie, or Aristocratie, for what
soeuer it bée being considered in it selfe, certaine it is, that in res
pect of the whole Realme, London is but a Citizen, and no cittie, a subiect and no free estate, an obedienciarie, and no place endow
ed, with any distinct or absolute power, for it is gouerned by the same law, that the rest of the Realme is, both in causes Criminall and Ciuill, a few customes onely excepted, which also are to bee adiudged, or foriudged by the common law. And in the assembly of the estates of our Realme (which wée call Parliament) they are but a member of the Comminaltie, and send two Burgesses, for their citie, as euery poore Borough doth, and two knights for their County as euerie other shire doth, and are as straightlie bound by such lawes as any part of the Realme is, for if contribu
tion in subsidie of money to the Prince be decréede, the Londoners haue none exemption, no not so much as to assesse themselues: for the Prince doth appoint the commissioners.
soeuer it bée being considered in it selfe, certaine it is, that in res
pect of the whole Realme, London is but a Citizen, and no cittie, a subiect and no free estate, an obedienciarie, and no place endow
ed, with any distinct or absolute power, for it is gouerned by the same law, that the rest of the Realme is, both in causes Criminall and Ciuill, a few customes onely excepted, which also are to bee adiudged, or foriudged by the common law. And in the assembly of the estates of our Realme (which wée call Parliament) they are but a member of the Comminaltie, and send two Burgesses, for their citie, as euery poore Borough doth, and two knights for their County as euerie other shire doth, and are as straightlie bound by such lawes as any part of the Realme is, for if contribu
tion in subsidie of money to the Prince be decréede, the Londoners haue none exemption, no not so much as to assesse themselues: for the Prince doth appoint the commissioners.
If Souldiers must be mustered, Londoners haue no law to keepe themselues at home,
if prouision for the Princes householde bée to be made, their goodes are not
Priueledged. In summe there
fore the gouernment of London differeth not in substance, but in ceremonie from the rest of the Realme, as namely, in the names and choise of their officers, and in their Guildes and Fraternities, established for the maintenance of Handicraftes, and Labourers and for equitie and good order, to bee kept in buying and selling. And yet in these also are they to bée controlled by the general law for by the statutes 28. E. 3. Chap. 10. and 1. H. 4. Cha. 15. the pointes of their misgouernment are inquirable by the inhabitants of the Forren shires adioyning and punishable by such Iusticiars as the Prince shall thereunto depute, to conclude therefore the e
state of London for gouernment is so agreeable a Symphony with the rest, that there is no feare of dangerous discord to ensue thereby.
fore the gouernment of London differeth not in substance, but in ceremonie from the rest of the Realme, as namely, in the names and choise of their officers, and in their Guildes and Fraternities, established for the maintenance of Handicraftes, and Labourers and for equitie and good order, to bee kept in buying and selling. And yet in these also are they to bée controlled by the general law for by the statutes 28. E. 3. Chap. 10. and 1. H. 4. Cha. 15. the pointes of their misgouernment are inquirable by the inhabitants of the Forren shires adioyning and punishable by such Iusticiars as the Prince shall thereunto depute, to conclude therefore the e
state of London for gouernment is so agreeable a Symphony with the rest, that there is no feare of dangerous discord to ensue thereby.
The multitude (or whole bodie) of this populous Citie is two waies to bee
considered, generally, and specially, generally
out distinction: and by profession busie Bées, and trauellers for their liuing in the Hiue of this common welth, but specially con
sidered, they consist of these thrée partes, Marchantes, Handicrafts men, and Labourers. Marchandize is also deuided into these thrée sortes, Nauigation, by the which Marchandizes are brought, and carried in and out ouer the Seas, Inuection by the which com
modities are gathered into the Citie, and dispersed from thence in
to the Countrie by land and negotiation, which I may call the kéeping of a retayling or standing shop. In common speech they of the first sort bée called Marchantes, and both the other Retay
lers, Handicraftes men be those which do exercise such artes as re
quire both labour and cunning, as Goldsmithes, Taylors and Habberdashers, Skinners &c. Labourers and Hirelinges, I cal those quorum operae non artes emuntur, as Tullie sayeth, of which sorte be Portars, Carmen, Watermen &c. Againe these thrée sortes may be considered eyther in respect of their welth, or number: in welth Marchantes, and some of the chiefe Retaylers haue the first place, the most part of Retaylers, and all artificers: the second or meane place, and Hyrelinges the lowest roome: but in number they of the middle place, be first, and do farre exceede both the rest: Hyrelinges be next, and Marchantes bee the last. Now, out of this, that the estate of London, in the persons of the Citizens, is so frendly interlaced, and knit in league with the rest of the realme, not onely at their beginning by birth and bloude as I haue shewed, but also very commonlie at their ending by life and conuersation (for that Marchantes and rich men being satisfied with gaine doe for the most part) marrie their children into the Countrie, and conuey themselues after Cicerors counsell, Veluti ex portu in agros et possessiones: I doe inferre that there is not onely no danger towardes the common quiet thereby, but also great occasion and cause of good loue and amitie: out of this, that they bée generally bent to trauell and do flie pouertie, per mare, per saxa, per ignes, as the Poet sayeth, I draw hope, that they shall escape the note of many vices, which idle people doe fall into.
nes vel pauperes vel opulenti. I am now to come to the strength and power of this Citie, which consisteth partly in the number of the Citizens themselues, whereof I haue spoken be
fore, partly in their riches, and in their warlike furniture, for as touching the strength of the peece it selfe that is apparant to the eye, and therefore is not to bée treated of.
they
479
of the Citie of London.
they bée naturall subiectes, a part
of the commons of this Realme and are by birth for the most part a mixture of all
countries of the same, by bloud Gentlemen, Yeomen, and of the basest sorte,
without distinction: and by profession busie Bées, and trauellers for their liuing in the Hiue of this common welth, but specially con
sidered, they consist of these thrée partes, Marchantes, Handicrafts men, and Labourers. Marchandize is also deuided into these thrée sortes, Nauigation, by the which Marchandizes are brought, and carried in and out ouer the Seas, Inuection by the which com
modities are gathered into the Citie, and dispersed from thence in
to the Countrie by land and negotiation, which I may call the kéeping of a retayling or standing shop. In common speech they of the first sort bée called Marchantes, and both the other Retay
lers, Handicraftes men be those which do exercise such artes as re
quire both labour and cunning, as Goldsmithes, Taylors and Habberdashers, Skinners &c. Labourers and Hirelinges, I cal those quorum operae non artes emuntur, as Tullie sayeth, of which sorte be Portars, Carmen, Watermen &c. Againe these thrée sortes may be considered eyther in respect of their welth, or number: in welth Marchantes, and some of the chiefe Retaylers haue the first place, the most part of Retaylers, and all artificers: the second or meane place, and Hyrelinges the lowest roome: but in number they of the middle place, be first, and do farre exceede both the rest: Hyrelinges be next, and Marchantes bee the last. Now, out of this, that the estate of London, in the persons of the Citizens, is so frendly interlaced, and knit in league with the rest of the realme, not onely at their beginning by birth and bloude as I haue shewed, but also very commonlie at their ending by life and conuersation (for that Marchantes and rich men being satisfied with gaine doe for the most part) marrie their children into the Countrie, and conuey themselues after Cicerors counsell, Veluti ex portu in agros et possessiones: I doe inferre that there is not onely no danger towardes the common quiet thereby, but also great occasion and cause of good loue and amitie: out of this, that they bée generally bent to trauell and do flie pouertie, per mare, per saxa, per ignes, as the Poet sayeth, I draw hope, that they shall escape the note of many vices, which idle people doe fall into.
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And out of this, that they bee a greate
multitude, and that yet the greatest part of them bée neyther too rich not too
poore, but doe liue in the mediocritie, I conclude with Aristotle that
the Prince néedeth not to feare sedition by them, for thus sayeth hee. Magnæ vrbes, magis sunt a seditione liberæ, quod in eis dominetur
mediocritas, nam in paruis nihil medium est, sunt enim omnes vel pauperes vel opulenti. I am now to come to the strength and power of this Citie, which consisteth partly in the number of the Citizens themselues, whereof I haue spoken be
fore, partly in their riches, and in their warlike furniture, for as touching the strength of the peece it selfe that is apparant to the eye, and therefore is not to bée treated of.
The welth and warlicke furniture of London is eyther pub
licke of priuate, and no doubt the common trasure cannot be much there, seeing that the reuenew which they haue, hardly sufficeth to maintaine their Bridge and Conduites, and to pay their officers and seruantes. Their Tolle doth not any more then pay their Fée Ferme, that they pay to the Prince. Their Issues for default of Appearances be neuer leuied, and the profites of their courtes of Iustice, do go to particular mens handes. Arguments hereof bée these twoo: one that they can doe nothing of extraordinarie charge, without a generall contribution: an other that they haue suffered such, as haue borne the chiefe office amongst them, and were become Bankrupt, to depart the Citie, without releefe: which I thinke they neyther would nor could haue done, if the common treasure had sufficed to couer their shame, hereof there
fore wée néede not be afraid. The publike armour and munition of this City remayneth in the Halles of the Companies, as it doth throughout the whole Realme, for a great part in the par
rish churches, neyther is that kept together, but onely for obedi
ence to the law, which commandeth it, and therefore if that threa
ten danger to the estate, it may (by another law) be taken from them, and committed to a more safe Armourie.
licke of priuate, and no doubt the common trasure cannot be much there, seeing that the reuenew which they haue, hardly sufficeth to maintaine their Bridge and Conduites, and to pay their officers and seruantes. Their Tolle doth not any more then pay their Fée Ferme, that they pay to the Prince. Their Issues for default of Appearances be neuer leuied, and the profites of their courtes of Iustice, do go to particular mens handes. Arguments hereof bée these twoo: one that they can doe nothing of extraordinarie charge, without a generall contribution: an other that they haue suffered such, as haue borne the chiefe office amongst them, and were become Bankrupt, to depart the Citie, without releefe: which I thinke they neyther would nor could haue done, if the common treasure had sufficed to couer their shame, hereof there
fore wée néede not be afraid. The publike armour and munition of this City remayneth in the Halles of the Companies, as it doth throughout the whole Realme, for a great part in the par
rish churches, neyther is that kept together, but onely for obedi
ence to the law, which commandeth it, and therefore if that threa
ten danger to the estate, it may (by another law) be taken from them, and committed to a more safe Armourie.
The Priuate riches of London resteth chiefly in the handes of the
Marchantes, and Retaylers, for Artificers haue not much to spare, and Labourers
hau neede that it were giuen vnto them. Now how necessarie and seruiceable the
estate of Marchandize is
able, politike, and rich Prince king Henry the seauenth, of whom Polidore (writing his life) sayeth thus, Mercatores ille sæpe
numero pecunia multa data gratuitò iuuabat, vt mercatu
ra (ars vna omnium cunctis æquè mortalibus tum cōmoda, tum necessaria) in suo regno copiosior esset. But chiefly, by the inestimable commodities that grow thereby: for who knoweth not that wee haue extreame néede of many thinges, whereof for
raine countries haue great store, and that wee may spare many thinges whereof they haue neede? or who is ignorant of this that wee haue no mines of siluer or golde within our Realme? so that the increase of our coyne, and Bulloine commeth from else where, and yet neuerthelesse we be both fed, clad, and otherwise serued with forreine commodities and delightes, as plentiful as with our domestical: which thing commeth to passe by the meane of mar
chandize onely, which importeth necessaries from other countries, and exporteth the superfluities of our own. For seeing we haue no way to encrease our treasure by mines of gold or siluer at home, and can haue nothing without money or Ware from other coun
tries abroad, if followeth necessarily, that if we follow the councel of that good old Husband Marcus Cato, saying, oportet patrem familias vendacem esse, non emacem, and do carrie more cō
modities in value ouer the seas, then wée bring hether from thence: that then the Realme shall receiue that ouerplus in money: but if we bring from beyond the seas marchandize of more value, then that which we do send ouer may counteruaile, then the Realme payeth for the ouerplus in readie money, and consequently is a looser by that ill husbandrie: and therefore in this part great and héedefull regard must be had that Symmetria, and due proportion be kept, least otherwise, eyther the Realme bee defrauded of her treasure, or the subiectes corrupted in vanitie, by excessiue importa
tion of superfluous and néedelesse Marchandize, or els that we féele penurie, euen in our greatest plentie and store by immoderate ex
portation of our owne néedefull commodities. Other the benefites that marchandize bringeth, shall hereafter appeare in the gene
rall recitall of the commodities that come by London: and there
meale that which the marchant bringeth in grosse: of which trade be Mercers, Grocers, Uinteners, Haberdashers, Ironmongers, Millayners, & all such as sell wares growing or made beyond the seas: & therefore so long as Marchandize it selfe shalbe profitable, & such proportion kept as neyther wée loose our treasure thereby, nor bee cloyed with vnnecessarie forrein Wares, this kinde of re
tayling is to be retayned also.
to
465
of the Citie of London.
to this Realm, if may partly
appeare by the practise of that peaceable, politike, and rich Prince king Henry the seauenth, of whom Polidore (writing his life) sayeth thus, Mercatores ille sæpe
numero pecunia multa data gratuitò iuuabat, vt mercatu
ra (ars vna omnium cunctis æquè mortalibus tum cōmoda, tum necessaria) in suo regno copiosior esset. But chiefly, by the inestimable commodities that grow thereby: for who knoweth not that wee haue extreame néede of many thinges, whereof for
raine countries haue great store, and that wee may spare many thinges whereof they haue neede? or who is ignorant of this that wee haue no mines of siluer or golde within our Realme? so that the increase of our coyne, and Bulloine commeth from else where, and yet neuerthelesse we be both fed, clad, and otherwise serued with forreine commodities and delightes, as plentiful as with our domestical: which thing commeth to passe by the meane of mar
chandize onely, which importeth necessaries from other countries, and exporteth the superfluities of our own. For seeing we haue no way to encrease our treasure by mines of gold or siluer at home, and can haue nothing without money or Ware from other coun
tries abroad, if followeth necessarily, that if we follow the councel of that good old Husband Marcus Cato, saying, oportet patrem familias vendacem esse, non emacem, and do carrie more cō
modities in value ouer the seas, then wée bring hether from thence: that then the Realme shall receiue that ouerplus in money: but if we bring from beyond the seas marchandize of more value, then that which we do send ouer may counteruaile, then the Realme payeth for the ouerplus in readie money, and consequently is a looser by that ill husbandrie: and therefore in this part great and héedefull regard must be had that Symmetria, and due proportion be kept, least otherwise, eyther the Realme bee defrauded of her treasure, or the subiectes corrupted in vanitie, by excessiue importa
tion of superfluous and néedelesse Marchandize, or els that we féele penurie, euen in our greatest plentie and store by immoderate ex
portation of our owne néedefull commodities. Other the benefites that marchandize bringeth, shall hereafter appeare in the gene
rall recitall of the commodities that come by London: and there
fore
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fore it resteth that I speake a worde of
Retaylors, and finally shew that much good groweth by them both. The chiefe parte
of retayling is but a handmaid to marchandize, dispersing by péecemeale that which the marchant bringeth in grosse: of which trade be Mercers, Grocers, Uinteners, Haberdashers, Ironmongers, Millayners, & all such as sell wares growing or made beyond the seas: & therefore so long as Marchandize it selfe shalbe profitable, & such proportion kept as neyther wée loose our treasure thereby, nor bee cloyed with vnnecessarie forrein Wares, this kinde of re
tayling is to be retayned also.
Now that Marchantes and Retaylers of London be very rich and greate, it
is so farre from any harme, that it is a thing both praise worthie, and
profitable: for Mercatura (sayeth Cicero) si tenuis est, sordida putanda est, sin magna est & copiosa non est
vituperanda. And truely Marchantes and Retaylers doe not altogether
intus Canere, and profit themselues onely, for
the Prince, and Realme both are enriched by their riches: the Realm winneth
treasure, if their trade be so moderated by authority, that it breake not
proportion, & they besides beare a good fléece which the Prince may sheare
when shée séeth good,
But heere before I conclude this part, I have shortly to aun
swere the accusation of those men, which charge London with the losse and decay of many (or most) of the auncient Cities, Corpo
rate Townes, and Marketes within this Realme, by drawing from them to her selfe alone (say they) both all trade of traffique by sea, and the retayling of wares, and exercise of manuall artes also. Touching Nauigation, which (I must confesse) is apparantly de
cayed in many port townes, and flourisheth only, or chiefly at Lon
don, I impute that, partly to the fall of the Staple (the which bée
ing long since a great trade, and bestowed sometimes at one town and sometimes at an other within the Realme, did much enrich the place where it was: & being now not onely diminished in force, but also translated ouer the seas, cannot but bring some decay with it (partly to the empayring of Hauens, which in many places haue empouerished those Townes, whose estate doth ebbe and flow with them, and partly to the dissolution of Religious houses,
uery sorte: for the thing it selfe speaketh, and I hast to an ende: As for Retaylers therefore, and Handicraftes men, it is no mar
uaile if they abandon Countrie Townes, and resort to London: for of nonely the Court, (which is now a dayes much greater and more gallant then in former times, and which was wont to bee contented to remain with a smal company, sometimes at an Abbey or Priorie, sometimes at a Bishops house, and sometimes at some meane Mannor of the kings own) is now for the most part eyther abiding at London, or els so neare vnto it, that the prouision of thinges most fit for it, may easily be fetched from thence: but al
so by occasion thereof the Gentlemen of all shires do flie, and flocke to this City, the yonger sorte of them to sée and shew vanitie, and the elder to saue the cost and charge of Hospitality, and house kée
ping. For hereby it commeth to passe that the Gentlemen be
ing eyther for a good portion of the yeare out of the Countrie, or playing the Fermours, Grasiars, Brewers or such like, more then Gentlemen were wont to doe within the Countrie, Retay
lers and Artificers, at the least of such thinges as pertaine to the backe or belly, do leaue the Countrie townes where there is no vent, and do flie to London, where they be sure to finde ready and quicke market. And yet I wish, that euen as many townes in the Low Countries of king Phillips188 do stand some by one handy arte and some by an other: so also that it might be prouided here, that the making of some thinges might (by discrete dispensation) be allotted to some speciall Townes, to the end, that although the dayntenesse of men cannot be restrayned, which will néedes séeke those thinges at London, yet other places also might bee reléeued, at the least by the Workemanshippe of them.
swere the accusation of those men, which charge London with the losse and decay of many (or most) of the auncient Cities, Corpo
rate Townes, and Marketes within this Realme, by drawing from them to her selfe alone (say they) both all trade of traffique by sea, and the retayling of wares, and exercise of manuall artes also. Touching Nauigation, which (I must confesse) is apparantly de
cayed in many port townes, and flourisheth only, or chiefly at Lon
don, I impute that, partly to the fall of the Staple (the which bée
ing long since a great trade, and bestowed sometimes at one town and sometimes at an other within the Realme, did much enrich the place where it was: & being now not onely diminished in force, but also translated ouer the seas, cannot but bring some decay with it (partly to the empayring of Hauens, which in many places haue empouerished those Townes, whose estate doth ebbe and flow with them, and partly to the dissolution of Religious houses,
by
467
of the Citie of London.
by whose welth and haunt, many of
those places were chiefly fed and nourished. I meane not to rehearse particular
examples of euery sorte: for the thing it selfe speaketh, and I hast to an ende: As for Retaylers therefore, and Handicraftes men, it is no mar
uaile if they abandon Countrie Townes, and resort to London: for of nonely the Court, (which is now a dayes much greater and more gallant then in former times, and which was wont to bee contented to remain with a smal company, sometimes at an Abbey or Priorie, sometimes at a Bishops house, and sometimes at some meane Mannor of the kings own) is now for the most part eyther abiding at London, or els so neare vnto it, that the prouision of thinges most fit for it, may easily be fetched from thence: but al
so by occasion thereof the Gentlemen of all shires do flie, and flocke to this City, the yonger sorte of them to sée and shew vanitie, and the elder to saue the cost and charge of Hospitality, and house kée
ping. For hereby it commeth to passe that the Gentlemen be
ing eyther for a good portion of the yeare out of the Countrie, or playing the Fermours, Grasiars, Brewers or such like, more then Gentlemen were wont to doe within the Countrie, Retay
lers and Artificers, at the least of such thinges as pertaine to the backe or belly, do leaue the Countrie townes where there is no vent, and do flie to London, where they be sure to finde ready and quicke market. And yet I wish, that euen as many townes in the Low Countries of king Phillips188 do stand some by one handy arte and some by an other: so also that it might be prouided here, that the making of some thinges might (by discrete dispensation) be allotted to some speciall Townes, to the end, that although the dayntenesse of men cannot be restrayned, which will néedes séeke those thinges at London, yet other places also might bee reléeued, at the least by the Workemanshippe of them.
Thus much then of the estate of London, in the gouernment thereof, in the
condition of the Citizens, and in their power and riches. Now follow the
enumeration of such benefites as re
bound to the Prince and this realme by this City: In which do
ing I professe not to rehearse all, but onely to recite and runne ouer the chiefe and principall of them.
bound to the Prince and this realme by this City: In which do
ing I professe not to rehearse all, but onely to recite and runne ouer the chiefe and principall of them.
Besides
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An Apologie
Besides the commodities of the furtherance of
Religion and Iustice: The propagation of Learning: The maintenance of artes: The
increase of riches, and the defence of Countries (all which are before shewed to
grow generally by Cities, and bee common to London with them)
London bringeth singularlie these good thinges following.
By aduantage of the scituation it disperseth forraine Wares (as the stomacke doth
meat) to all the members most commodi
ously.
ously.
By the Benefite of the riuer of Thames, and greate trade of Marchandize, it is the
chiefe maker of Marriners, and Nurse of our Nauie: and ships (as men know) bee the
wodden walles for defence of our Realme.
It maintayneth in florishing estate, the Countries of Norfolke, Suffolke, Essex,
Kent, and Sussex, which as they lie in the face of our most puissant neighbour, so
ought they (aboue others) to be conserued in the greatest strength and riches: and
these (as it is well known) stand not so much by the benefite of their own soile,
as by the neighbourhood and nearenes which they haue to Londō.
It releeueth plentifully, and with good policie, not onely her owne poore people
(a thing which scarcely any other Towne or shire doth) but also the poore that
from ech quarter of the realme do flocke vnto it, and it imparteth liberally to
the necessitie of the Uniuersities besides. It is an ornament to the realm by the
bew
tie thereof, & a terror to other countries by reason of the greate welth and frequencie. It spreadeth the honor of our Countrie far abroade by her long nauigations, and maketh our power feared, euen of barbarous Princes. It onely is stored with rich Mar
chantes which sort onely is tollerable: for beggerlie Marchants, do byte too neare, & will do more harme then good to the realme.
tie thereof, & a terror to other countries by reason of the greate welth and frequencie. It spreadeth the honor of our Countrie far abroade by her long nauigations, and maketh our power feared, euen of barbarous Princes. It onely is stored with rich Mar
chantes which sort onely is tollerable: for beggerlie Marchants, do byte too neare, & will do more harme then good to the realme.
It onely of any place in this realme is able to furnish the sodaine necessitie
with a strong Army. It auaileth the prince in Tonnage, Poundage and other her
customes, much more then all the rest of the Realme.
It yeeldeth a greater Subsidie then any one part of the realme, I meane not for
the proportion of the value of the goodes onely,
boue their abilitie, which thing neuer happeneth abroade in the countrie. I omit that in auncient time, the inhabitantes of Lon
don and other cities, were accustomably taxed after the tenth of their goodes, when the Countrie was assessed at the fiftéenth, and rated at the viij.when the countrie was set at the xij.for that were to awake a sléeping Dogge, and I should be thought dicenda, ta
cenda, locutus, as the Poet said.
but
469
of the Citie of London.
but also for the faithfull seruice
there vsed, in making the assesse, for no where else bee men taxed so neare to
their iust value as in London: yea manye are founde there, that for their
countenaunce and credite sake, refuse not to bee rated aboue their abilitie, which thing neuer happeneth abroade in the countrie. I omit that in auncient time, the inhabitantes of Lon
don and other cities, were accustomably taxed after the tenth of their goodes, when the Countrie was assessed at the fiftéenth, and rated at the viij.when the countrie was set at the xij.for that were to awake a sléeping Dogge, and I should be thought dicenda, ta
cenda, locutus, as the Poet said.
It onely doth and is able to make the Prince a ready prest or loane of money.
It onely is founde fit and able to entertaine strangers honora
blie, and to receaue the Prince of the realme worthely.
blie, and to receaue the Prince of the realme worthely.
Almightie God (qui nisi custo diat ciuitatem, frustra
vigilat custos) grant, that her Maiestie euermore rightly estéeme and
rule this Citie, and he giue grace, that the Citizens may answere duty, aswell
towards God and her Maiestie, as towardes this whole realme and countrie,
Amen.
An Appendix containing the examination of such causes as haue heretofore moued the
Princes, eyther to fine and ransome the citizens of London, or to seize the liberties
of the City it selfe.
THese all may be reduced to these few heads: for eyther the citizens haue adheared
(in aide or armes) to such as haue warred vpon the Prince: or they haue made tumult,
and bro
ken the common peace at home: or they haue misbehaued themselues in point of go
uernement and iustice: or finally (and to speake the plain truth) the princes haue ta
ken hold of small matters, and coyned good summes of money out of them.
ken the common peace at home: or they haue misbehaued themselues in point of go
uernement and iustice: or finally (and to speake the plain truth) the princes haue ta
ken hold of small matters, and coyned good summes of money out of them.
To the first head I will referre whatsoeuer they haue done ey
twéene king Iohn & his nobles assisting Lewes the French kinges sonne when he inuaded the realme: for it is apparent by all histo
ries, that the Londoners were not the mouers of these warres, but were onely vsed as instruments to maintaine them. The like is to be said of all the offences that king Henry the third (whose whole raigne was a continuall warfare) conceyued against this Cittie, concerning the bearing of armour against him: for the first part of his raigne was spent in the continuation of those warres that his father had begun with Lewes. And the rest of his life he bestowed in that contention, which was commonly called the Ba
rons warres. In which Tragedie London (as it could not bee otherwise) had now and then a part, and had many a snubbe at the kinges hand for it. But in the end when hee had triumphed ouer Simon Mountford at Euesham, London felt it most tragicall: for then he both seysed their liberties, and sucked themselues drie: and yet Edictum Kenelworth (made shortly after) hath an hono
rable testimony for London, saying, Te London laudamus &c. As for the other offences that hee tooke against the Londoners, they pertaine to the other parts of my diuision.
ther
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An Apologie
ther in those warres that happened betwéene king
Stephen and Maude the Empresse, being competitors of the crowne:
or betwéene king Iohn & his nobles assisting Lewes the French kinges sonne when he inuaded the realme: for it is apparent by all histo
ries, that the Londoners were not the mouers of these warres, but were onely vsed as instruments to maintaine them. The like is to be said of all the offences that king Henry the third (whose whole raigne was a continuall warfare) conceyued against this Cittie, concerning the bearing of armour against him: for the first part of his raigne was spent in the continuation of those warres that his father had begun with Lewes. And the rest of his life he bestowed in that contention, which was commonly called the Ba
rons warres. In which Tragedie London (as it could not bee otherwise) had now and then a part, and had many a snubbe at the kinges hand for it. But in the end when hee had triumphed ouer Simon Mountford at Euesham, London felt it most tragicall: for then he both seysed their liberties, and sucked themselues drie: and yet Edictum Kenelworth (made shortly after) hath an hono
rable testimony for London, saying, Te London laudamus &c. As for the other offences that hee tooke against the Londoners, they pertaine to the other parts of my diuision.
Next after this, against whom the Londoners did put on armes, followeth king
Edward the second, who in the ende was depriued of his kingdome, not by
their meanes, but by a generall defection, both of his owne wife and sonne, and
almost of the whole nobilitie and realme besides. In which trouble, that furious
assault, and slaughter committed by them vpon the Bishop of Excester (then
Treasurer of the Realme) is to be imputed, partly to the sway of the time wherewith
they were caried, and partly to a priuate dis
pleasure which they had to the Bishop.
pleasure which they had to the Bishop.
Finally commeth to hand King Richard the second: for these thrée onley in
all the Catalogue of our kinges, haue béene heauie Lordes to London, who
also had much contention with his nobi
litie, and was in the ende deposed. But whatsoeuer countenance and aide the Citie of London brought to the warres and vprores of that time, it is notoriously true that London neuer ledde the dance, but euer followed the pipe of the nobility. To close vp this
litie, and was in the ende deposed. But whatsoeuer countenance and aide the Citie of London brought to the warres and vprores of that time, it is notoriously true that London neuer ledde the dance, but euer followed the pipe of the nobility. To close vp this
first
471
of the Citie of London.
first part therefore I affirme, that
in all the troublesome actions during the raignes of these thrée kinges, as also in
all that heauing in, and hurling out, that afterward happened betwéene K.
Henry the 6. & king Edward the fourth, the citie of
London was many times a friende and fautor, but neuer the first motiue or
author of any intestine war or sedition.
In the second roome I place a couple of tumultuous affraies that chaunced in the daies of King
Richard the first, the one vpon the day of his coronation
against the Iewes, which contrary to the Kings owne proclamation, would néedes enter
the Church to sée him sacred, and were therefore cruelly handled by the common
people. The other was caused by William with the long beard, who after that
he had inflamed the poore people against the richer sort, and was called to answere
for his fault, tooke Bow Church for sanctuarie, and kept it Castle like, till he was
fiered out.
Here is place also for the stoning to death of a Gentleman (ser
uant to the halfe brother of King Henry the third) which had be
fore prouoked the Citizens to furie by wounding diuers of them without any cause 1257. for the riotous fray betwéene the ser
uants of the Goldsmithes and the Taylors, 1268. for the hurlie burlie and bloodshed betwéen the Londoners and the men of West
minster, moued by the youngmen vpon an occasion of a wrestling on S. Iames day, 1221. & made worse by one Constantine an an
cient Citizen: for the braule and businesse that arose about a Ba
kers loafe at Salisbury place 1391. for the which and some other misdemeanors K. Richard the 2. was so incensed by euill counsell against the Londoners, that he determined to destroy them, and raze their Citie, and for the fight that was betweene the citizens & Sanctuarie men of S. Martins 1454. vnder K. Henry the sixt. And finally for the misrule on euill May day 1519. and for such other like, if there haue beene any.
uant to the halfe brother of King Henry the third) which had be
fore prouoked the Citizens to furie by wounding diuers of them without any cause 1257. for the riotous fray betwéene the ser
uants of the Goldsmithes and the Taylors, 1268. for the hurlie burlie and bloodshed betwéen the Londoners and the men of West
minster, moued by the youngmen vpon an occasion of a wrestling on S. Iames day, 1221. & made worse by one Constantine an an
cient Citizen: for the braule and businesse that arose about a Ba
kers loafe at Salisbury place 1391. for the which and some other misdemeanors K. Richard the 2. was so incensed by euill counsell against the Londoners, that he determined to destroy them, and raze their Citie, and for the fight that was betweene the citizens & Sanctuarie men of S. Martins 1454. vnder K. Henry the sixt. And finally for the misrule on euill May day 1519. and for such other like, if there haue beene any.
To the third head may be referred the seiser of their liberties, for a false
iudgement giuen against a poore widow, called Margaret Viel
1246.
The 2. seueral seisers in one yere 1258. for fals pack
ing in collections of money and other enormities: And finally the seiser made by King Edward the first for taking bribes of the Ba
kers 1285. But all this seueritie in seising and resuming of the
ing in collections of money and other enormities: And finally the seiser made by King Edward the first for taking bribes of the Ba
kers 1285. But all this seueritie in seising and resuming of the
liberties
Hh4
472
An Apologie
liberties (which was in old time the onely
ordinary punishment) was at length mitigated by king Edward the third, and
King Henry the fourth in their statutes before remembred.
In the last place stand those offences, which I repute rather taken then giuen, and
do fall within the measure of the adage, vt canem cedas, cito
inuenias baculum: for King
Iohn in the tenth of his raigne deposed the Bayliefes of
London, because they had bought vp the Wheate in the market, so that
there was not to serue his Purueyers. King Henry the third his sonne
compel
led the Londoners to pay him 5000.£. because they had lent to Lewes the French the like summe, of a good mind to dispatch him out of their Citie and the realme, at such time as the Protector and the whole Nobility fell to composition with him for his depar
ture. And the same King fined them at thrée thousand markes, for the escape of a prisoner out of Newgate, of whom they tooke no charge: for he was a Clearke, prisoner to the Bishop of London vnder the custody of his owne seruants, and as for the place, it was onely borrowed of the Londoners to serue that turne. Hitherto of these things to this ende, that whatsoeuer misdemeanor shalbe obiected out of historie against London, the same may herein appeare, both in his true place, and proper colour.
led the Londoners to pay him 5000.£. because they had lent to Lewes the French the like summe, of a good mind to dispatch him out of their Citie and the realme, at such time as the Protector and the whole Nobility fell to composition with him for his depar
ture. And the same King fined them at thrée thousand markes, for the escape of a prisoner out of Newgate, of whom they tooke no charge: for he was a Clearke, prisoner to the Bishop of London vnder the custody of his owne seruants, and as for the place, it was onely borrowed of the Londoners to serue that turne. Hitherto of these things to this ende, that whatsoeuer misdemeanor shalbe obiected out of historie against London, the same may herein appeare, both in his true place, and proper colour.
Because
473
BEcause
amongst other mine Authors I haue oft times alledged Fitz-Stephens,
as one more choise then other, namely for the auncient estate of this Citie, more
then three hundred yeares since: And also the said Author being rare, (as to my
know
ledge) not extant out of mine owne custodie, I haue in this place thought good by impression to imparte the same to my louing friendes, the learned Antiquaries as the Authour wrote it in the Latine tongue. And first to note in effect, what M. Bale in com
mendation of the said Authour writeth.
ledge) not extant out of mine owne custodie, I haue in this place thought good by impression to imparte the same to my louing friendes, the learned Antiquaries as the Authour wrote it in the Latine tongue. And first to note in effect, what M. Bale in com
mendation of the said Authour writeth.
William Stephanides, or Fitzstephen, a Monke of Can
terburie, borne of worshipfull parentes in the Citie of London, well brought vp at the first vnder good maisters, did more and more increase in honest conditions and learning: for euer in his yong yeares there appeared in him a certain light of a Gentleman
like disposition, which promised many good things, afterward by him performed. Such time as other spent in braules, and idle talke, hee employed in holesome exercises for the honour of his countrey, following therein the example of Plato: and was very studious both in humanitie and diuinitie. The Citie of London his birth place, the most noble of all other Cities of this land, and the Princes seate, situated in the South part of this Iland, he loued aboue al the other: so that at length he wrote most elegantly in latine of the site and rites of the same. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth him for an excellent writer. Hee liued in the raigne of king Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the second, & deceased in the yeare of Christ 1191. in the raigne of Richard the first.
terburie, borne of worshipfull parentes in the Citie of London, well brought vp at the first vnder good maisters, did more and more increase in honest conditions and learning: for euer in his yong yeares there appeared in him a certain light of a Gentleman
like disposition, which promised many good things, afterward by him performed. Such time as other spent in braules, and idle talke, hee employed in holesome exercises for the honour of his countrey, following therein the example of Plato: and was very studious both in humanitie and diuinitie. The Citie of London his birth place, the most noble of all other Cities of this land, and the Princes seate, situated in the South part of this Iland, he loued aboue al the other: so that at length he wrote most elegantly in latine of the site and rites of the same. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth him for an excellent writer. Hee liued in the raigne of king Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the second, & deceased in the yeare of Christ 1191. in the raigne of Richard the first.
Hh5
Descrip-
474
Descriptio Nobilissimæ Ciuitatis Londoniæ.
De Situ eiusdem.
INter nobiles vrbes orbis, quas fama ce
lebrat, ciuitas Londonia regni Anglorum sedes vna est, quæ famam sui latiùs dif
fundit, opes & merces longiùs trans
mittit, caput altiùs extollit. Foelix est aeris salubritate; Christiana religione, fir
mitate munitionum, natura situs, honore ciuium, pudici
tia matronali, ludis etiam quàm iucunda; & Nobilium fæcunda virorum: quæ singula semotim libet inspicere.
lebrat, ciuitas Londonia regni Anglorum sedes vna est, quæ famam sui latiùs dif
fundit, opes & merces longiùs trans
mittit, caput altiùs extollit. Foelix est aeris salubritate; Christiana religione, fir
mitate munitionum, natura situs, honore ciuium, pudici
tia matronali, ludis etiam quàm iucunda; & Nobilium fæcunda virorum: quæ singula semotim libet inspicere.
De Clementia Aeris.
IBisiquidem emollit animos hominum clementia coeli, non vt sint in Venerem putres,
sed neferi sint, & bestiales; potiùs benigni & liberales.
De Religione.
ESt ibi in ecclesia beati Pauli episcopalis sedes, quondā fuit
Metropolitana, & adhuc futura creditur, sireme
auerint ciues in Insulā: nisi fortè Beati Thomæ Martyris ti
tulus Archiepiscopalis, & præsentia corporalis, dignitatē illam Cantuariæ (vbi nunc est) conseruet perpetuam. Sed cùm vtramq; vrbium harum Sanctus Thomas illustrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam occasu: ipsius sancti intui
tu, cum iustitiæ accessu, habet altera aduersus alterā, quod ampliùs alleget. Sunt etiā (quod ad Christianæ fidei cul
tum pertinet) tùm in Londonia, tùm in suburbano 13. maio
res ecclesiæ conuentuū, præter minores parochianas. 126.
auerint ciues in Insulā: nisi fortè Beati Thomæ Martyris ti
tulus Archiepiscopalis, & præsentia corporalis, dignitatē illam Cantuariæ (vbi nunc est) conseruet perpetuam. Sed cùm vtramq; vrbium harum Sanctus Thomas illustrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam occasu: ipsius sancti intui
tu, cum iustitiæ accessu, habet altera aduersus alterā, quod ampliùs alleget. Sunt etiā (quod ad Christianæ fidei cul
tum pertinet) tùm in Londonia, tùm in suburbano 13. maio
res ecclesiæ conuentuū, præter minores parochianas. 126.
De Firmitate vrbis.
HAbet ab Oriente arcem Palatinam, maximam & for
tissimam, cuius & area, & muri à fundamento profun
dissimo exurgunt: cemento cum sanguine animalium temperato. Ab occidente duo castella munitissima: mu
continuante, turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Si
militerquè ab Austro Londonia murata & turtita fuit: sed fluuius maximus piscosus Thamensis, mari influo re
fluoq; qui illac allabitur, mænia illa tractu temporis alluit, labefactauit, deiecit. Item sursùm ab occidente Palatium Regium eminet super fluuium eundem, ædificium incō
parabile, cum auremurali & propugnaculis, duobus milli
bus ab vrbe, suburbano frequenti continuante.
tissimam, cuius & area, & muri à fundamento profun
dissimo exurgunt: cemento cum sanguine animalium temperato. Ab occidente duo castella munitissima: mu
ro
475
Stephanides.
ro vrbis alto & magno, duplatis
Heptapylæ portis intercontinuante, turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Si
militerquè ab Austro Londonia murata & turtita fuit: sed fluuius maximus piscosus Thamensis, mari influo re
fluoq; qui illac allabitur, mænia illa tractu temporis alluit, labefactauit, deiecit. Item sursùm ab occidente Palatium Regium eminet super fluuium eundem, ædificium incō
parabile, cum auremurali & propugnaculis, duobus milli
bus ab vrbe, suburbano frequenti continuante.
De Hortis.
VNdiqué extra domos suburbanorum Horti ciuium arboribus consiti, spatiosi, &
speciosi, contigui ha
bentur.
bentur.
De Pascuis & Sationalibus.
ITem à Borea sunt agri pascui, & pratorum grata plani
ties, aquis fluuialibus interfluis: ad quas molinorum versatiles rotæ citantur cum murmure iocoso. Proximé patet foresta ingens, saltus nemorosi ferarum, latebræ cer
uorum, damarum, aprorum, & taurorum syluestrium: A
gri vrbis sationales non sunt ieiunæ glareæ, sed pingues Asiæ campi qui faciunt lætas segetes, & suorum cultorum repleant horrea cerealis mergite culmi.
ties, aquis fluuialibus interfluis: ad quas molinorum versatiles rotæ citantur cum murmure iocoso. Proximé patet foresta ingens, saltus nemorosi ferarum, latebræ cer
uorum, damarum, aprorum, & taurorum syluestrium: A
gri vrbis sationales non sunt ieiunæ glareæ, sed pingues Asiæ campi qui faciunt lætas segetes, & suorum cultorum repleant horrea cerealis mergite culmi.
De Fontibus.
SVnt & circa Londoniam ab Aquilone suburbani fontes præcipui aqua
dulci, salubri, perspicua, & per claros ri
uo trepidante lapillos. Inter quos fons Sacer, fons Cle
ricorum, fons Sancti Clementis nominatiores habentur, & adeuntur celebriori accessu, & maiori frequentia scho
larum & vrbanæ iuuentutis in serotinis æstiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs sané bona cúm bonū habeat Dominum.
uo trepidante lapillos. Inter quos fons Sacer, fons Cle
ricorum, fons Sancti Clementis nominatiores habentur, & adeuntur celebriori accessu, & maiori frequentia scho
larum & vrbanæ iuuentutis in serotinis æstiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs sané bona cúm bonū habeat Dominum.
De honore Ciuium.
VRbs ista viris est honorata, armis decorata, multo habitatore populosa, vt
tempore bellicæ cladis sub
rentur 20000. armatorū equitum, 60. mille peditum esti
marentur. Ciues Londoniæ vbicunqué locorum præ om
nibus alijs ciuibus ornatu morum, vestium & mensæ, lo
cutione, spectabiles & noti habentur.
rege
Hh6
476
Stephanides.
rege Stephano bello apti ex
ea exeuntes ostentatui haberentur 20000. armatorū equitum, 60. mille peditum esti
marentur. Ciues Londoniæ vbicunqué locorum præ om
nibus alijs ciuibus ornatu morum, vestium & mensæ, lo
cutione, spectabiles & noti habentur.
De Matronis.
Vrbis Matronæ ipsæ Sabinæ sunt.
De Scholis.
IN Londonia tres principales ecclesiæ scholas celebres habent de
priuilegio & antiqua dignitate. Plerunque ta
men fauore personæ alicuius, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui secundum philosophiā noti & præclari habentur, & aliæ ibi sunt scholæ de gratia & permissione. Diebus festis ad ecclesias festiuas magistri conuentus celebrantur: Dis
putāt scolares, quidam demonstratiué, Dialecticé alij: alij recitant enthymemata: hij meliùs perfectis vtuntur Syl
logismis. Quidam ad ostentationem exercentur dispu
tat one, quæ est inter colluctantes. Alij ad veritatē, ea quæ est perfectionis gratia: sophistæ simulatores agmine & in
undatione verborum beati iudicantur. Alij paralogizan
tur: Oratores aliqui quandoq; orationibus Rhetoricis a
liquid dicunt appositè ad persuadendum, curantes artis præcepta seruare, & ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Pu
eri diuersarum scholarum versibus inter se conrixantur: & de principijs artis Grammaticæ, regulis præteritorum vel futurorum contendunt: Sunt alij qui epigrammatibus, rithmis & metris vtuntur, vetere illa triuiali dicacitate, li
centia Fescennina socios, suppressis nominibus liberiùs lacerant, Loedorias iaculantur & scommata, salibus So
craticis sociorū, vel fortè maiorum vitia tangunt, vel mor
dacius dente rodunt Theonino audacibus *. Auditores multùm ridere parati ingeminant tremulos naso crispante cachinnos.
men fauore personæ alicuius, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui secundum philosophiā noti & præclari habentur, & aliæ ibi sunt scholæ de gratia & permissione. Diebus festis ad ecclesias festiuas magistri conuentus celebrantur: Dis
putāt scolares, quidam demonstratiué, Dialecticé alij: alij recitant enthymemata: hij meliùs perfectis vtuntur Syl
logismis. Quidam ad ostentationem exercentur dispu
tat one, quæ est inter colluctantes. Alij ad veritatē, ea quæ est perfectionis gratia: sophistæ simulatores agmine & in
undatione verborum beati iudicantur. Alij paralogizan
tur: Oratores aliqui quandoq; orationibus Rhetoricis a
liquid dicunt appositè ad persuadendum, curantes artis præcepta seruare, & ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Pu
eri diuersarum scholarum versibus inter se conrixantur: & de principijs artis Grammaticæ, regulis præteritorum vel futurorum contendunt: Sunt alij qui epigrammatibus, rithmis & metris vtuntur, vetere illa triuiali dicacitate, li
centia Fescennina socios, suppressis nominibus liberiùs lacerant, Loedorias iaculantur & scommata, salibus So
craticis sociorū, vel fortè maiorum vitia tangunt, vel mor
dacius dente rodunt Theonino audacibus *. Auditores multùm ridere parati ingeminant tremulos naso crispante cachinnos.
De
477
Stephanides.
De dispositione vrbis.
SIngulorum officiorum exercitores, singularum rerū venditores, singularum
operarum suarum locatores, quotidiano mane per se sunt locis distincti omnes vt
officijs. Pretereà est in Londonia supra ripam fluminis inter vina in
nauibus & cellis vinarijs venalia, publica coqui
na: ibi cotidiè pro tempore est inuenire cibaria fercula, assa, frixa, elixa, pisces, pisciculos, carnes grossiores pau
peribus, delicatiores diuitibus, venationum, auium, aui
cularum. Si subitò veniant ad aliquem ciuium amici fati
gati ex itinere, nec libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui cibi e
mantur, coquantur, dant famuli manibus limphas panes
que, interim ad ripam curritur, ibi prestò sunt omnia desi
derabilia. Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infini
tas intrat vrbem, qualibet diêi vel noctis hora, vel ab vrbe exitura, ne vel hi nimium ieiunent, vel alij impransi exe
ant, illuc si placeat diuertunt, et se pro modo suo singuli reficiunt: qui se curare volunt molliter, accipenserem vel aliam auem, vel attagen Ionicum non quærant, appositis quæ ibi inueniuntur delicijs: Hæc equidem publica co
quina est & ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuitatem pertinens: Hinc est quod legitur in Gorgia Platonis, iux
ta medicinam esse coquorum officium, simulantium & adulationē quartæ particulæ ciuilitatis. Est ibi extra vnam portarum statim in suburbio quidam planus campus re & nomine. Omni sexta feria, nisi sit maior festiuitas præcep
tæ solempnitatis, est ibi celebre spectaculum nobilium e
quorum venalium. Spectaturi vel empturi veniunt qui in vrbe adsunt, comites, barones, milites, ciues plurimi. Iuuat videre gradarios succussatura nitēte suauiter ambulātes: pe
dibus lateraliter simul erectis, quasi a subalternis & demis
sis: Hinc equos, qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius incedentes, sed expeditè tamen, qui quasi â contradictori
tis formæ, staturæ honestæ, micantes auribus, cerui
cibus arduis, clunibus obesis. In horum incessu spectant emptores, primo passū suauiorē, posteà motūcitatiorē, qui est quasi a contrarijs pedibus anterioribus simul solo amo
tis & admotis, & posterioribus similiter. Cum talium soni
pedum cursus imminet, & aliorum fortè qui similiter sunt in genere suo ad vecturā validi, ad cursuram vegeti: cla
mor attollitur, vulgares equos in partem ire præcipitur: Sessores alipedum pueri tres simul, aliquando bini ex con
dicto & bini certamini se præparant, docti equis imperita
re, indomitorum lupatis temperant frænis ora: hoc maxi
me præcauent, ne alter alteri concursum præripiat. Et qui similiter pro modo suo ad certamen cursus illius attollunt; tremunt artus, moræ impatientes, stare loco nesciunt, facto signo membra extendunt, cursum rapiunt, agilitate perui
caci feruntur: certant sessores laudis amore, spe victoriæ, equis admissis subdere calcaria, & nec minus vrgere eos virgis & ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu esse, se
cundum Heraclitum, & falsam omnino Zenonis sententi
am, dicentis, quoniam, non contingit moueri, neque sta
dium pertransire. Parte alia stant seorsim rusticorū peculia, agrorū iustrumenta, sues longis lateribus, vaccæ distentis vberibus, corpora magna boum, lanigerūq; pecus: stant ibi aptæ aratris, trahis & bigis equæ: quarundam ventres foetibus tument: alias editi foetus obeunt pulli lasciuiores, sequela inseparabilis. Ad hanc vrbē ex omni natione quæ sub coelo est, naualia gaudent institores habere commer
cia. Aurum mittit Arabs, species & thura Sabæus, Arma Scythes, oleum palmarum diuite silua. Pingue solum Ba
or est. Ab eisdem quippe patribus Troianis hæc prius a Bruto condita est, quàm illa a Remo et Romulo. Vnde et adhuc antiquis eisdem vtuntur legibus, communibus in
stitutis. Hæc similiter illi regionibus est distincta: habet annuos pro consulibus vicecomites: habet senatoriam dignitatem & magistratus minores: Eluuiones et aquæ
ductus in vicis: Ad genera causarū deliberatiuæ, demon
stratiuæ, iudicialis loca sua, fora singula: habet sua die
bus statutis comitia. Non puto vrbem esse in qua sint pro
babiliores consuetudines, in ecclesiis visitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, festis feriandis, eleemosinis dandis, in hospitibus suscipiendis, in desponsationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis celebrandis, conuiuijs ornandis, conuiuis hilarandis, etiam in exequiis curan
dis & cadaueribus humandis. Solæ pestes Londini sunt, immoderata stultorum potatio, et frequens incendium. Ad hæc omnes ferè Episcopi, Abbates, & Magnates An
gliæ, quasi ciues et municipes sunt vrbis Londoniæ: sua ibi habentes ædificia præclara, vbi serecipiunt, vbi diuites impensas faciunt, ad consilia, ad conuentus celebres in vrbem euocati, a Domino rege, vel Metropolitano suo, seu propriis tracti negotiis.
na: ibi cotidiè pro tempore est inuenire cibaria fercula, assa, frixa, elixa, pisces, pisciculos, carnes grossiores pau
peribus, delicatiores diuitibus, venationum, auium, aui
cularum. Si subitò veniant ad aliquem ciuium amici fati
gati ex itinere, nec libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui cibi e
mantur, coquantur, dant famuli manibus limphas panes
que, interim ad ripam curritur, ibi prestò sunt omnia desi
derabilia. Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infini
tas intrat vrbem, qualibet diêi vel noctis hora, vel ab vrbe exitura, ne vel hi nimium ieiunent, vel alij impransi exe
ant, illuc si placeat diuertunt, et se pro modo suo singuli reficiunt: qui se curare volunt molliter, accipenserem vel aliam auem, vel attagen Ionicum non quærant, appositis quæ ibi inueniuntur delicijs: Hæc equidem publica co
quina est & ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuitatem pertinens: Hinc est quod legitur in Gorgia Platonis, iux
ta medicinam esse coquorum officium, simulantium & adulationē quartæ particulæ ciuilitatis. Est ibi extra vnam portarum statim in suburbio quidam planus campus re & nomine. Omni sexta feria, nisi sit maior festiuitas præcep
tæ solempnitatis, est ibi celebre spectaculum nobilium e
quorum venalium. Spectaturi vel empturi veniunt qui in vrbe adsunt, comites, barones, milites, ciues plurimi. Iuuat videre gradarios succussatura nitēte suauiter ambulātes: pe
dibus lateraliter simul erectis, quasi a subalternis & demis
sis: Hinc equos, qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius incedentes, sed expeditè tamen, qui quasi â contradictori
bus
478
Stephanides.
bus pedes simul eleuāt &
deponunt: Hinc nobiles pullos iuniores, qui nondum fræno bene assueti, altius
incedunt, & mollia crura reponunt: Hinc summarios membris validis &
vegetis. Hinc dextrarios preciosos, elegantis formæ, staturæ honestæ, micantes auribus, cerui
cibus arduis, clunibus obesis. In horum incessu spectant emptores, primo passū suauiorē, posteà motūcitatiorē, qui est quasi a contrarijs pedibus anterioribus simul solo amo
tis & admotis, & posterioribus similiter. Cum talium soni
pedum cursus imminet, & aliorum fortè qui similiter sunt in genere suo ad vecturā validi, ad cursuram vegeti: cla
mor attollitur, vulgares equos in partem ire præcipitur: Sessores alipedum pueri tres simul, aliquando bini ex con
dicto & bini certamini se præparant, docti equis imperita
re, indomitorum lupatis temperant frænis ora: hoc maxi
me præcauent, ne alter alteri concursum præripiat. Et qui similiter pro modo suo ad certamen cursus illius attollunt; tremunt artus, moræ impatientes, stare loco nesciunt, facto signo membra extendunt, cursum rapiunt, agilitate perui
caci feruntur: certant sessores laudis amore, spe victoriæ, equis admissis subdere calcaria, & nec minus vrgere eos virgis & ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu esse, se
cundum Heraclitum, & falsam omnino Zenonis sententi
am, dicentis, quoniam, non contingit moueri, neque sta
dium pertransire. Parte alia stant seorsim rusticorū peculia, agrorū iustrumenta, sues longis lateribus, vaccæ distentis vberibus, corpora magna boum, lanigerūq; pecus: stant ibi aptæ aratris, trahis & bigis equæ: quarundam ventres foetibus tument: alias editi foetus obeunt pulli lasciuiores, sequela inseparabilis. Ad hanc vrbē ex omni natione quæ sub coelo est, naualia gaudent institores habere commer
cia. Aurum mittit Arabs, species & thura Sabæus, Arma Scythes, oleum palmarum diuite silua. Pingue solum Ba
bilon
479
Stephanides.
bilon, Nilus lapides preciosos. Seres
purpureas vestes. Norwegi, Russi, varium, grisium, sabelinas: Galli sua vina. Vrbe
Roma secundum Chronicorum fidem satis antiquior est. Ab eisdem quippe patribus Troianis hæc prius a Bruto condita est, quàm illa a Remo et Romulo. Vnde et adhuc antiquis eisdem vtuntur legibus, communibus in
stitutis. Hæc similiter illi regionibus est distincta: habet annuos pro consulibus vicecomites: habet senatoriam dignitatem & magistratus minores: Eluuiones et aquæ
ductus in vicis: Ad genera causarū deliberatiuæ, demon
stratiuæ, iudicialis loca sua, fora singula: habet sua die
bus statutis comitia. Non puto vrbem esse in qua sint pro
babiliores consuetudines, in ecclesiis visitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, festis feriandis, eleemosinis dandis, in hospitibus suscipiendis, in desponsationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis celebrandis, conuiuijs ornandis, conuiuis hilarandis, etiam in exequiis curan
dis & cadaueribus humandis. Solæ pestes Londini sunt, immoderata stultorum potatio, et frequens incendium. Ad hæc omnes ferè Episcopi, Abbates, & Magnates An
gliæ, quasi ciues et municipes sunt vrbis Londoniæ: sua ibi habentes ædificia præclara, vbi serecipiunt, vbi diuites impensas faciunt, ad consilia, ad conuentus celebres in vrbem euocati, a Domino rege, vel Metropolitano suo, seu propriis tracti negotiis.
De Ludis.
AMplius et ad ludos vrbis veniamus, quomā nō expe
dit vtilē tantùm et seriā vrbē esse, nisi dulcis etiam sit, & iucunda. Vnde et in sigillis summorum Pontificum, vs
que ad tempora Leonis Papæ, ex altera parte Bullæ, sculpto per impressionem piscatore Petro, et supra eum claue, qua
si manu Dei de coelis ei porrecta, et circa eum versu, Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem.
dit vtilē tantùm et seriā vrbē esse, nisi dulcis etiam sit, & iucunda. Vnde et in sigillis summorum Pontificum, vs
que ad tempora Leonis Papæ, ex altera parte Bullæ, sculpto per impressionem piscatore Petro, et supra eum claue, qua
si manu Dei de coelis ei porrecta, et circa eum versu, Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem.
Ex
480
Stephanides.
Ex altera parte impressa erat vrbs,
et scriptura ista, Aurea Roma. Item ad laudē Gæsaris Augusti, et Romæ dictū est.
Nocte pluit tota, redeunt spectaculamane,
Diuisum imperium cum Ioue Cæsar habes.
Lundonia pro spectaculis theatralibus, pro ludis sceni
cis, ludos habet sanctiores, representationes miraculo
rum, quæ sancti Confessores operati sunt, feu repræsen
tationes passionum, quibus claruit constantia Marty
rum. Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur Carnivale vt â puerorum ludis incipiamus (omnes enim pueri fuimus) scholarum singuli pueri suos apportant magi
stro suo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, & totū illud an
temeridianum datur ludo puerorum vacantium specta
re in scholis suorum pugnas gallorum. Post prandium exit in campos omnis iuuentus vrbis ad lusum pilæ cele
brem. Singulorum studiorum scolares suam habent pilā: singulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores suam singuli pilam in manibus. Maiores natu patres & diuites vrbis, in equis spectatum veniunt certamina iuniorum, & modo suo inueniuntur cum iuuenibus: & excitari videtur in eis motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus & participatione gaudiorum adolescentiæ liberioris. Singu
lis diebus dominicis in Quadragesima post prandia exit in campos iuuenum recens examen in equis bellicosis: in equis certamine primis: quorum quisque aptus & in gy
ros currere doctus equus. Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filij ciuium laici, instructi lanceis & scutis militaribus: iu
niores hastilibus ferro dempto præfurcatis, simulachra belli cient & agonisticam exercent militarem. Adueni
unt & plurimi Aulici rege in vicino posito, & de familijs consulum & Baronum ephebi: non dum cingulo donati militiæ, gratia concertandi. Accendit singulos spes victo
riæ: equi feri adhinniunt, tremunt artus, frænos mandunt,
pedum rapit vngula cursum, sessores adolescentes diui sis agminibus hij præcedentibus instant, nec assequuntur, hij socios deijciunt & preteruolant. In feriis paschalibus lu
dunt quasi prælia naualia: in arbore siquidem mediamna scuto fortiter innexo, nauicula remo & raptu fluminis ci
ta, in prora stantem habet iuuenem scutum illud lancea percussurū: qui si scuto illi lanceam illidens frangat eam, & immotus persistat, habet propositum, voti compos est: si vero lancea integra fortiter percusserit, in profluentem amnem deiicitur: Nauis motu suo acta præterit. Sunt ta
men hinc inde secus scutum duæ naues stationariæ, & in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percussorem flumine ab
sorptum cum primo emersus comparet, vel sūma rursus cum bullit in vnda. Supra pontem & in solariis supra flu
uium, sunt qui talia spectent, multum ridere parati. In fe
stis tota æstate iuuenes ludentes exercentur, in saliendo, in arcu, in lucta, iactu lapidū, amentatis missilibus vltra me
tam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cythe
ræa ducit choros, & pede libera pulsatur tellus, vsq; im
minente luna. In hyeme singulis fere festis ante pran
dium, vel apri Spumantes pugnant pro capitibus, & ver
res fulmineis accincti dentibus addendi Succidiæ, vel pingues tauri Cornupetæ, seu vrsi immanes cum obiect
is depugnant canibus. Cúm est congelata palus illa mag
na quæ mænia vibis aquilonalia alluit, exeunt lusum super glaciem densæ iuuenum turmæ: Hi ex cursu motu cap
tato citatiore, distantia pedum posita, magnum spatium latere altero prætenso perlabuntur. Alii quasi magnos la
pides molares de glacie sedes sibi faciunt: sessorem vnum trahunt plurimi præcurrentes, manibus se tenentes: In tanta citatione motus aliquando pedibus lapsi cadunt omnes proni. Suntalii super glaciem ludere doctiores,
tes ossa, tibias scilicet animalium, & palos ferro acuto superposito tenentes in manibus, quos aliquando glaciei allidunt: tanta rapacitate feruntur, quanta auis volans, vel pilum balistæ. Interdum autem permagna procul di
stantia ex condicto, duo aliqui ita ab oppositis veniunt, concurritur: palos erigunt, se inuicem percutiunt: vel alter, vel ambo cadunt, non sine læsione corpora
li: cùm post casum etiam vi motus feruntur ab inuicem procul: & qua parte glacies caput tangit, totum radit, totum decorticat. Plerumq; tibia cadentis, vel brachiū, si super illud ceciderit, confringitur. Sed ætas auida gloriæ, iuuentus cupida victoriæ, vt in veris præliis fortius se ha
beant, ita in simulatis exercētur. Plurimi ciuium delectan
tur, ludentes in auibus coeli, Nisis, accipitribus & huius
modi, & in canibus militantibus in siluis. Habentque ci
ues suum ius venandi, in Middlesexia, Hertfordscira, & tota Chiltra, & in Cantiavsque ad aquam Craiæ. Lun
donienses tunc Trinouantes dicti Gaium Iulium Cesarē, qui nullas nisi sanguine fuso vias habere gaudebat, repu
lerunt. Vnde Lucanus.
Territa quæsitis ostendit terga Britannis.
cis, ludos habet sanctiores, representationes miraculo
rum, quæ sancti Confessores operati sunt, feu repræsen
tationes passionum, quibus claruit constantia Marty
rum. Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur Carnivale vt â puerorum ludis incipiamus (omnes enim pueri fuimus) scholarum singuli pueri suos apportant magi
stro suo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, & totū illud an
temeridianum datur ludo puerorum vacantium specta
re in scholis suorum pugnas gallorum. Post prandium exit in campos omnis iuuentus vrbis ad lusum pilæ cele
brem. Singulorum studiorum scolares suam habent pilā: singulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores suam singuli pilam in manibus. Maiores natu patres & diuites vrbis, in equis spectatum veniunt certamina iuniorum, & modo suo inueniuntur cum iuuenibus: & excitari videtur in eis motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus & participatione gaudiorum adolescentiæ liberioris. Singu
lis diebus dominicis in Quadragesima post prandia exit in campos iuuenum recens examen in equis bellicosis: in equis certamine primis: quorum quisque aptus & in gy
ros currere doctus equus. Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filij ciuium laici, instructi lanceis & scutis militaribus: iu
niores hastilibus ferro dempto præfurcatis, simulachra belli cient & agonisticam exercent militarem. Adueni
unt & plurimi Aulici rege in vicino posito, & de familijs consulum & Baronum ephebi: non dum cingulo donati militiæ, gratia concertandi. Accendit singulos spes victo
riæ: equi feri adhinniunt, tremunt artus, frænos mandunt,
impatien-
481
Stephanides.
impatientes moræ stare loco nesciunt.
Cum tandem Sonipedum rapit vngula cursum, sessores adolescentes diui sis agminibus hij præcedentibus instant, nec assequuntur, hij socios deijciunt & preteruolant. In feriis paschalibus lu
dunt quasi prælia naualia: in arbore siquidem mediamna scuto fortiter innexo, nauicula remo & raptu fluminis ci
ta, in prora stantem habet iuuenem scutum illud lancea percussurū: qui si scuto illi lanceam illidens frangat eam, & immotus persistat, habet propositum, voti compos est: si vero lancea integra fortiter percusserit, in profluentem amnem deiicitur: Nauis motu suo acta præterit. Sunt ta
men hinc inde secus scutum duæ naues stationariæ, & in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percussorem flumine ab
sorptum cum primo emersus comparet, vel sūma rursus cum bullit in vnda. Supra pontem & in solariis supra flu
uium, sunt qui talia spectent, multum ridere parati. In fe
stis tota æstate iuuenes ludentes exercentur, in saliendo, in arcu, in lucta, iactu lapidū, amentatis missilibus vltra me
tam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cythe
ræa ducit choros, & pede libera pulsatur tellus, vsq; im
minente luna. In hyeme singulis fere festis ante pran
dium, vel apri Spumantes pugnant pro capitibus, & ver
res fulmineis accincti dentibus addendi Succidiæ, vel pingues tauri Cornupetæ, seu vrsi immanes cum obiect
is depugnant canibus. Cúm est congelata palus illa mag
na quæ mænia vibis aquilonalia alluit, exeunt lusum super glaciem densæ iuuenum turmæ: Hi ex cursu motu cap
tato citatiore, distantia pedum posita, magnum spatium latere altero prætenso perlabuntur. Alii quasi magnos la
pides molares de glacie sedes sibi faciunt: sessorem vnum trahunt plurimi præcurrentes, manibus se tenentes: In tanta citatione motus aliquando pedibus lapsi cadunt omnes proni. Suntalii super glaciem ludere doctiores,
singuli
482
Stephanides.
singuli pedibus suis aptantes, &
sub talaribus suis alligantes ossa, tibias scilicet animalium, & palos ferro acuto superposito tenentes in manibus, quos aliquando glaciei allidunt: tanta rapacitate feruntur, quanta auis volans, vel pilum balistæ. Interdum autem permagna procul di
stantia ex condicto, duo aliqui ita ab oppositis veniunt, concurritur: palos erigunt, se inuicem percutiunt: vel alter, vel ambo cadunt, non sine læsione corpora
li: cùm post casum etiam vi motus feruntur ab inuicem procul: & qua parte glacies caput tangit, totum radit, totum decorticat. Plerumq; tibia cadentis, vel brachiū, si super illud ceciderit, confringitur. Sed ætas auida gloriæ, iuuentus cupida victoriæ, vt in veris præliis fortius se ha
beant, ita in simulatis exercētur. Plurimi ciuium delectan
tur, ludentes in auibus coeli, Nisis, accipitribus & huius
modi, & in canibus militantibus in siluis. Habentque ci
ues suum ius venandi, in Middlesexia, Hertfordscira, & tota Chiltra, & in Cantiavsque ad aquam Craiæ. Lun
donienses tunc Trinouantes dicti Gaium Iulium Cesarē, qui nullas nisi sanguine fuso vias habere gaudebat, repu
lerunt. Vnde Lucanus.
Ciuitas Lundonia reperit aliquos, qui regna plurima, et Romanum sibi
subdiderunt imperium: et plurimos alios, quos mundi Dominos virtus euexit ad Deos,
vt fuerat in Apollinis oraculo Bruto promissum:
Brute sub occasu solis, trans Gallica regna,
Insula in Oceano est vndiq; clausa mari:
Hanc pete:
namq;
tibi sedes erit illa perennis
Hæc fiet natis altera Troia tuis.
Hic de stirpe tua reges nascentur; & ipsis
Totius terræ subditus orbis erit.
In temporibus Christianis nobilem illum edidit Im
pæ, cui & stratoris exhibuit officium, & se non amplius Imperatorem, sed sanctæ ecclesiæ Romanæ defensorem gauisus est vocari: et ne pax Domini Papæ occasione præsentiæ eius secularis strepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipse ab vrbe Domino Papæ collata discessit, & sibi ciuita
tem Bizantium edificauit. Lundonia & modernis tempori
bus, reges illustres magnificosq; peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, Henricum regem tertium, & beatum Thomam Archiepiscopum Christi Martyrem gloriosum, quali non candidiorem tulit, nec quo fu
erit deuinctior alter omnibus bonis totius orbis Latini.
peratorem
483
Stephanides.
peratorem Constantinum, qui
vrbem Roman, et imperialia insignia omnia Deo donauit, & beato Petro
et Siluestro Papæ, cui & stratoris exhibuit officium, & se non amplius Imperatorem, sed sanctæ ecclesiæ Romanæ defensorem gauisus est vocari: et ne pax Domini Papæ occasione præsentiæ eius secularis strepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipse ab vrbe Domino Papæ collata discessit, & sibi ciuita
tem Bizantium edificauit. Lundonia & modernis tempori
bus, reges illustres magnificosq; peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, Henricum regem tertium, & beatum Thomam Archiepiscopum Christi Martyrem gloriosum, quali non candidiorem tulit, nec quo fu
erit deuinctior alter omnibus bonis totius orbis Latini.
Faultes escaped in this booke.
Page. | Line. | Errat. | Correction. |
1. | 19. | for Themantius | reade Theomantius. |
3. | 9. | Cominus | Comius. |
4. | 15. | forfeyted | fortified. |
5. | 21. | come | Rome. |
7. | 15. | Cornwell | Cornwall. |
ibid. | 27. | Trinauant. | Trinobant. |
8. | 3. | Ethelrod | Ethelred. |
9. | 20. | the same | the same wall. |
10. | 13. | Tedwell | Todwell. |
13. | 7. | writing | written. |
16. | 23 | Bulman | Bulmar. |
21. | 5 | 15. | 215. |
23. | 6 | stage | siege. |
36. | 6 | weaklely | new. |
49. | 22. | 3. | 16. |
ibid. | 25. | 7. | 17. |
52. | 22 | Efford | Voffurd. |
73. | 24. | bray | Berie. |
74. | 25. | Libnor | Licour. |
79. | 16. | Picad | Picard. |
ibid. | 29 | Henty | Hugh. |
100. | 4.8.9 | Troynage. | Tronage. |
109. | 35. | Michel | Nychell. |
124. | 10. | Breadstreet | Brode street. |
154. | 14. | 1482. | 1582. |
ibid. | 17. | Hudstone | Rudstone. |
155. | 1. | About | at. |
168. | 34. | of Mayor | of mayoraltie 1584. sir William Garrard Mayor. |
283. | 9. | this | his |
306. | 20 | Sir George | Saint George. |
336. | 17 | lane | place. |
444. | 26 | Senins | Ienins. |
FINIS.
Notes
- I.e. Counties. (SM)↑
- I.e. 54 BCE (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Letter missing. (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Second
i
in Witichendus flipped in original text. (SM)↑ - Unclear. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Letter missing. (SM)↑
- I.e. the reign of William the Conqueror (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Letter missing. (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Letter missing. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- I.e. ferry (SM)↑
- Scan cut off. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- When referring to Henry VI’s reign, Stow ignores his brief reinstatement as king from Sep.-Oct. 1470 to April 1471. (SM)↑
- Stow’s two dating methods do not correspond here. 1439 is in the 17/18th years of Henry VI’s reign. (SM)↑
- I.e. water (SM)↑
- I.e. houses (SM)↑
- Scan cut off; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e. haue (SM)↑
- I.e. ouerseer↑
- I.e. brought (SM)↑
- I.e. ingrossed (SM)↑
- In the 1598 text, Stow does not specify a year. In the 1603 text, Stow removes the
phrase
the year of.
(KL)↑ - Unclear. (SM)↑
- Stow’s two dating methods do not correspond here; 1501 is the 16th/17th year of Henry VII’s reign. Given the context, it is likely that the 3rd year of Henry VII’s reign (1487-1488) is the correct date. (SM)↑
- I.e. King Henry the seventh (SM)↑
- I.e. brought (SM)↑
- Stow’s two dating methods do not correspond here; 1087 was in the 21st and final year of William I’s reign. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e. Salisbury (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Stow’s two dating methods do not correspond here. The year following the 24th year of Henry VI’s reign (I.e. his 25th year) should be between August 31, 1446 and August 30, 1447 (SM)↑
- I.e. deuouring (SM)↑
- I.e. dangerous (SM)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- I.e. liquor. (SM)↑
- Celebrated on 23 June. (KL)↑
- Celebrated on 29 June. (KL)↑
- I.e. Armour (SM)↑
- I.e.Bishopsgate (SM)↑
- Henry Calveley is most likely Sir Hugh Calveley.↑
- I.e. Standarde in (SM)↑
- I.e. vnto (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e William II. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e. Philippa (SM)↑
- I.e. John Owen and Robert Owen (KL)↑
- Scan cut off; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Underinking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- page number reads 211 (NAP)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- This must be incorrect. The Earldom for Hereford ended with Humphrey de Bohun, 7th Early of Hereford in 1373. (JT)↑
- Page number reads 115 (NAP)↑
- The two dates do not correspond here.The 3 of Edward IV was not in 1464, but 1462-1463. (NAP)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Underinking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Lolesworth now called Spitalfield (NAP)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Sir Thomas Butler had no known children (Ashdown-Hill 65). The
Elienor
to which Stow refers here is likely Butler’s wife, Eleanor Butler (née Talbot). (TLG)↑ - Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Page number should read 139. It appears the 9 is upside down. (NAP)↑
- Letter unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e. Scalding (SM)↑
- Character missing. (SM)↑
- The word year is missing. (JJ)↑
- Scan unclear. (SM)↑
- Bleedthrough.↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Page cropped; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Page cropped; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e. Sir (SM)↑
- number reads 186 (NAP)↑
- number reads 187 (NAP)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- I.e. London (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- number reads 194 (NAP)↑
- number reads 195 (NAP)↑
- number reads 198 (NAP)↑
- The Life of Geoffrey Chaucer, by Sir Harris Nicholas, notes the contentious nature of Geoffrey Chaucer’s parentage, particularly page 119. (BT)↑
- number reads 203 (NAP)↑
- i.e., Thomas Stow. (CD)↑
- Feast of St. Michael was celebrated on September 29. (CD)↑
- Underinking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Underinking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Celebrated on 24 August. (KL)↑
- I.e. Englishmen (SM)↑
- Page cropped; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Page number should read 267. (NAP)↑
- Unclear. (SM)↑
- Celebrated on 2 February. (KL)↑
- Scan unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- I.e. daughter. (SM)↑
- Evidence links to RMAY1 (JB)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e., Richard Grafton. (JB)↑
- I.e., Richard Grafton. (JB)↑
- John Gisors died in 1351. See Kingsford (1908) 349, l. 36 for a note about this transaction. (JB)↑
- Letter missing. (SM)↑
- Unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Letters missing.↑
- Letters missing. (SM)↑
- Underinking. (SM)↑
- Letters missing. (SM)↑
- Letter unclear; context obvious. (SM)↑
- I.e.Dunstones (SM)↑
- Gap in inking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- number reads 327 (NAP)↑
- Likely Walter Fitzwalter, third Baron Fitzwalter based on the years he lived. (JB)↑
- Kingston corrects the name to Sir Richard Imworth in Kingston 1908 (JB)↑
- I.e. Fitz Stephens (SM)↑
- Letter missing; context obvious. (SM)↑
- Gap in the inking. (SM)↑
- Stow is mistaken in his belief that Joan II of Navarre is the daughter of Beatrice of Savoy. (KL)↑
- I.e. on (SM)↑
- Overinking. (SM)↑
- Stow’s two methods of dating this event do not match. The 28th year of the reign of Henry VIII was 1536-1537. The mismatch may also be due to a compositorial error. (SM)↑
- Overinking. (SM)↑
- Ink bleedthrough. (SM)↑
- I.e. ground (SM)↑
- I.e. ditch (SM)↑
- Celebrated on 29 June. (KL)↑
- Ink bleedthrough. (SM)↑
- Letter missing; catchword from preceeding page is fortie. (SM)↑
- Underinking; context obvious. (SM)↑
- We have not marked up the dates in this paragraph because Stow is describing the calendar of the legal terms. See the Glossary for more information on the four legal terms.↑
- According to Kingsford, the last lord Dacre of the South was Gregory Fiennes (Kingsford 380)↑
- Overinking. (SM)↑
- Scan cut off. (SM)↑
- I.e. Criplesgate (SM)↑
- I.e. euer (SM)↑
- I.e. Edward the Confessor (SM)↑
- I.e. Bishop (SM)↑
- I.e. Edward II the Confessor (SM)↑
- Celebrated on 29 September. (KL)↑
- Stow incorrectly identifies Roger Longey as mayor when Ralph Eswy is the true mayor↑
- Stow switches the first names of the two sheriffs.↑
- Stow mistakes Walter le Blund for Ralph le Blund.↑
- Stow is mistaken in his belief that Gisor’s first name is William. (KL)↑
- Stow is mistaken in his belief that de Swanlond’s first name is Richard. (KL)↑
- Obviously 1334 from context. (NAP)↑
- Stow mistakenly names Nicholas Wotton mayor when it was actually Reginald de Conduit.↑
- Henry Frowyk was one of the founders, not Henry Frauncis.↑
- I.e. 1354. (SM)↑
- I.e.1357 (SM)↑
- I.e. 1362. (SM)↑
- I.e. The 39. (SM)↑
- I.e. house. (SM)↑
- I.e. 1436. (SM)↑
- Stow is mistaken in his belief that Gedney’s last name is Sidney. (KL)↑
- I.e. 1455 (SM)↑
- I.e. 1488 (SM)↑
- Stow is mistaken in his belief that Bronde’s first name is Thomas. (KL)↑
- Taken almost verbatim from Holinshed’s Chronicles. (SM)↑
- I.e. The 33 (SM)↑
- I.e. The 34 (SM)↑
- I.e. Gouernment (SM)↑
- I.e. The 14 (SM)↑
- I.e. πόλις ()↑
- I.e.πολὺς ()↑
- I.e. πολεῖνω πολένεον ()↑
- I.e. ἄστυ ()↑
- Chre is Charter-from footnote 2 of The Singularities of the City of London in Kingsford (JB)↑
- I.e. observed (SM)↑
- Possibly this Philip, since he also ruled England. (JB)↑
- Gap in inking; Latin term meaning brought forth or uttered. (JJ)↑
References
-
Citation
Ashdown-Hill, John.Lady Eleanor Talbot’s Other Husband: Sir Thomas Butler, Heir of Sudeley, and his Family.
The Ricardian 14 (2004): 62-81. Open.This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge, ed. A Survey of London by John Stow. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. A searchable transcription of this text is available at BHO.This item is cited in the following documents:
-
Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. [Also available as a reprint from Elibron Classics (2001). Articles written before 2011 cite from the print edition by volume and page number.]This item is cited in the following documents:
Cite this page
MLA citation
A Survey of London.The Map of Early Modern London, edited by , U of Victoria, 20 Jun. 2018, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm.
Chicago citation
A Survey of London.The Map of Early Modern London. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed June 20, 2018. http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm.
APA citation
The Map of Early Modern London. Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm.
, & 2018. A Survey of London. In (Ed), RIS file (for RefMan, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Stow, John A1 - fitz Stephen, William ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - A Survey of London T2 - The Map of Early Modern London PY - 2018 DA - 2018/06/20 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/stow_1598.xml ER -
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RT Web Page SR Electronic(1) A1 Stow, John A1 fitz Stephen, William A6 Jenstad, Janelle T1 A Survey of London T2 The Map of Early Modern London WP 2018 FD 2018/06/20 RD 2018/06/20 PP Victoria PB University of Victoria LA English OL English LK http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm
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<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#STOW6"><surname>Stow</surname>, <forename>John</forename></name></author>, and <author><name ref="#FITZ1"><forename>William</forename> <surname><nameLink>fitz</nameLink> Stephen</surname></name></author>. <title level="a">A Survey of London</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2018-06-20">20 Jun. 2018</date>, <ref target="http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598.htm</ref>.</bibl>Personography
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Meredith Holmes
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Research Assistant, 2013-14. Meredith hails from Edmonton where she completed a BA in English at Concordia University College of Alberta. She is doing an MA in Medieval and Early Modern Studies at the University of Victoria. In her spare time, Meredith plays classical piano and trombone, scrapbooks, and paints porcelain. A lesser known fact about Meredith: back at home, she has her own kiln in her basement!Roles played in the project
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Janelle Jenstad, associate professor in the department of English at the University of Victoria, is the general editor and coordinator of The Map of Early Modern London. She is also the assistant coordinating editor of Internet Shakespeare Editions. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. Her articles have appeared in the Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), and Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, forthcoming). She is currently working on an edition of The Merchant of Venice for ISE and Broadview P. She lectures regularly on London studies, digital humanities, and on Shakespeare in performance.Roles played in the project
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Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–present; Associate Project Director, 2015–present; Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014; MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Graduate Research Assistant, 2012-14. Nathan Phillips completed his MA at the University of Victoria specializing in medieval and early modern studies in April 2014. His research focuses on seventeenth-century non-dramatic literature, intellectual history, and the intersection of religion and politics. Additionally, Nathan is interested in textual studies, early-Tudor drama, and the editorial questions one can ask of all sixteenth- and seventeenth-century texts in the twisted mire of 400 years of editorial practice. Nathan is currently a Ph.D. student in the Department of English at Brown University.Roles played in the project
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Research Assistant, 2016. Jasmeen Boparai is an undergraduate English major and Medieval Studies minor at the University of Victoria. Her primary research interests include Middle English literature with a specific interest in later works, early modern studies, and Elizabethan poetry.Roles played in the project
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Amorena Roberts
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Student contributor enrolled in English 362: Popular Literature in the Renaissance at the University of Victoria in the Spring 2016 session, working under the guest editorship of Janelle Jenstad. Encoder and Research Assistant, April 2016 and March-April 2017.Roles played in the project
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Martin D. Holmes
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Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Sarah Milligan
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MoEML Research Affiliate. Research assistant, 2012-14. Sarah Milligan completed her MA at the University of Victoria in 2012 on the invalid persona in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese. She has also worked with the Internet Shakespeare Editions and with Dr. Alison Chapman on the Victorian Poetry Network, compiling an index of Victorian periodical poetry.Roles played in the project
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Laurel Bowman
Dr. Laurel Bowman’s area of interest lies specifically in Greek tragedy, a genre she says has inspired countless other works of literature, right up to modern day film and television.Dr. Bowman persistently highlights the roles of women in these texts, or lack thereof, the construction of gender, and the significance of that construction in any text she looks at.Some of her research focuses on a recent translation of Homer’s The Iliad by poet Alice Oswald. The poem concentrates only on the death scenes and the similes. Dr. Bowman argues that the translation highlights the depths of human sacrifice, torment, and loss suffered by the foot soldiers, their families. and their communities as a result of the Trojan War.Another research project focuses on the myth of the sacrificial virgin and its presence in pop culture, specifically the works of writer/director Joss Whedon of Buffy the Vampire Slayer fame.She brings her research on Antigone or Electra into the classroom, where her enthusiasm for the subject matter is palpable.Laurel Bowman is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Allen
Sir William Allen Sheriff Mayor
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Robert de Arras is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas de Arden
Son of Ralph Arden.Thomas de Arden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Ralph Arden
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Anketinus de Arden
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John Alston
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Anne Boleyn
Anne Boleyn Queen of England
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Richard Arnold
(d. 1521)Merchant and chronicler. Known for his chronicle of London, Arnold’s Chronicle.Richard Arnold is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Edward Arundell
Husband of Elizabeth Arundell. Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Edward Arundell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Elizabeth Arundell
Wife of Sir Edward Arundell. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Elizabeth Arundell is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Ascue
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Ascue is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Ashby
Priest.Thomas Ashby is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Ashfield
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Ashfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alice Ashfed is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Asseldy
Clerk of the crown, sub-marshal of England, and justice of the shire of Middlesex. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Sir Thomas Asseldy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Joan Astley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Audley
Sir Thomas Audley First Baron Audley of Walden
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Katherine Augustine
Wife of Benedick Augustine. Buried in St. Benet Fink.Katherine Augustine is mentioned in the following documents:
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Benedick Augustine
Husband of Katherine Augustine.Benedick Augustine is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Nicholas Bacon is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Bale
John Bale Bishop of Ossory
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Margery Band
Wife of Thomas Band. Buried in Austin Friars.Margery Band is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Band
Husband of Margery Band.Thomas Band is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drugo (Drew) Barantyn
Drugo Drew Barantyn Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1350, d. 1415)Sheriff of London from 1393—1394 CE. Mayor from 1398—1399 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Husband of Dame Margery Twyford, then Christine Barantyn. Buried in St. John Zachary.Drugo (Drew) Barantyn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christine Barantyn
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Sir William Bardolf
Sir William Bardolf Fourth Baron Bardolf
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Agnes Bardolf
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Margaret Barentin
Buried in Austin Friars.Margaret Barentin is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Barkely
Husband of Margaret Barkley.Sir John Barkely is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir T. Barnes
Husband of Margaret Chevie.Sir T. Barnes is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Barnabie is mentioned in the following documents:
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Benedict Barnham is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Basing
Possibly the founder of St. Helens. Incorrectly credited as the dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral and as a sheriff in John Stow’s Survey of London. Buried in St. Helens.William Basing is mentioned in the following documents:
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T. de Basing
(fl. 1272-73)MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.T. de Basing is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph Batte
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.Ralph Batte is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Batte
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.William Batte is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph Baynard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Baynard is mentioned in the following documents:
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M. Beale
Clerk of the council.M. Beale is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Beauchamp
Thomas Beauchamp Twelfth Earl of Warwick
(b. between 1337 and 1339, d. 1401)Magnate and twelfth earl of Warwick.Thomas Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Beckland
Son of Sir William Beckland. Buried in Austin Friars.Thomas Beckland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Beckland
Father of Thomas Beckland.Sir William Beckland is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Becke
Buried in St. Bartholomew by the Exchange.John Becke is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Beckhenton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir James Bell
Buried in St. Peter le Poor.Sir James Bell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard de Belmeis
(d. 1127)Administrator and bishop of London. Made financial contributions toward the reconstruction of Old St. Paul after the 1087 fire.Richard de Belmeis is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Beringham
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Beringham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Blackwell
Husband of Jane Sayne. Buried in Austin Friars.Sir John Blackwell is mentioned in the following documents:
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N. Blackthorn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Blondell
Buried in Austin Friars.Nicholas Blondell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bradmore is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret Bradmore
(d. in or after 1410)Margaret Bradmore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Bradmore is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Simon Burley
(b. 1336, d. 1388)Knight and Courtier. Lord chamberlain, tutor of Richard II, constable of Dover Castle, warden of the Cinque Ports, and knight of the Garter. Beheaded on Tower Hill for conspiring to destroy the appellants.Sir Simon Burley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Burley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eleanor Butler (née Talbot)
Eleanor Talbot Butler
(d. 1468)Wife of Thomas Butler. Allegedly betrothed to Edward IV.Eleanor Butler (née Talbot) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Butler is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Botiler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Boteler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey de Bohun I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey de Bohun VI
Humphrey de Bohun VI Third Earl of Hereford Eight Earl of Essex
(b. 1249, d. 31 December 1298)Third Earl of Hereford and eighth earl of Essex. Father of Humphrey de Bohun VIII.Humphrey de Bohun VI is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey de Bohun IX
Humphrey de Bohun IX Seventh Earl of Hereford
(b. 25 March 1341, d. 16 January 1373)Seventh earl of Hereford. Son of Humphrey de Bohun VIII. The earldom of Hereford ended with his death, with his estates divided between his two daughters: Eleanor de Bohun and Mary de Bohun.Humphrey de Bohun IX is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bolt
(fl. 1465)Master associated with the Fraternity of the Papey. It is unlikely that this is the same person as John Bolt, merchant stapler.John Bolt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bolt
(d. 1459)Merchant stapler. Buried in All Hallows Barking. It is unlikely that this is the same John Bolt that is associated with the Fraternity of the Papey.John Bolt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bonde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Bonuice
Rich Italian merchant. Lived at Crosby Hall after Richard III.Anthony Bonuice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Botelar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bourser
Buried in Austin Friars.William Bourser is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Borresbie
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.William Borresbie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Bowyer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Briar
Buried in St. Benet Fink.Thomas Briar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Breton
One of the first four wardens of the Drapers Company in the 17th of Henry VI.Robert Breton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Bridges
Knight of the Order of the Garter who granted arms to the Drapers Company.Sir William Bridges is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Brome is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bromeflet
One of the owners of the Green Gate along with Roger Crophull.Thomas Bromeflet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Brosked
Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.William Brosked is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Beatrix Brown
Buried in St. Katharine Cree.Beatrix Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brown
(d. 1532)Painter to Henry VIII, created the heraldic paintings for court ceremonies and for war.John Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Brune
Founded St. Mary Spital in 1235.Walter Brune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rosa Brune
Wife of Walter Brune.Rosa Brune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Brute is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Burchard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir W. Bursire
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Sir W. Bursire is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jack Cade is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Camden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Cappell
Sir William Cappell Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1489—1490 CE. Mayor from 1503—1504 CE and from 1509—1510 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.Sir William Cappell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Carpenter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Caldwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Cawarden
Sir Thomas Cawarden Master of the Revels
(b. 1514, d. 25 August 1559)Courtier and first master of the revels. Husband of Elizabeth Cawarden.Sir Thomas Cawarden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Cawood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Cecil
Sir William Cecil First Baron Burghley
(b. between 1520 and 1521, d. 1598)First baron Burghley. Royal minister and son of Richard Cecil.Sir William Cecil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Cecil
Sir Robert Cecil First Earl of Salisbury
(b. 1563, d. 1612)First earl of Salisbury. Politician, courtier, and son of William Cecil.Sir Robert Cecil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Chamberlain
Buried in Austin Friars. Not to be confused with Richard Chamberlain, sherrif.Sir Richard Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Champion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charles I of Spain
Charles I Holy Roman Emperor Charles V
(b. 1500, d. 1558)Reigned 1516—1556 as king of Spain. Reigned 1519—1556 as Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.Charles I of Spain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ambrose Charcam
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Ambrose Charcam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Charles
Buried in St. Peter le Poor.Thomas Charles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Chaucer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Chester
Owner of the Wrestlers, Chester tore down the hall to sell the stone, timber, and lead during Queen Mary’s reign.Sir Robert Chester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Barkely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Chevie
Father of Margaret Barkely. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Raph Chevie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alexander Cheyney
Buried in St. Helens.Alexander Cheyney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Chibary
Buried in Austin Friars.Roger Chibary is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chichele
Chamberlain of London. Son of William Chichele. Nephew of Henry Chichele, archbishop of Canterbury, and Sir Robert Chichele. Father of Elizabeth Chichele.John Chichele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Chichele
William Chichele Sheriff
(d. between 9 May 1426 and 20 July 1427)Sheriff of London from 1409—1410 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Brother of Henry Chichele and Sir Robert Chichele. Cousin of Dr. William Chichele. Father of John Chichele.William Chichele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Chichester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dr. William Chichele
Doctor William Chichele Archdeacon of Canterbury
Archdeacon of Canterbury, 1420—44. Cousin of Henry Chichele, archbishop of Canterbury, William Chichele, and Sir Robert Chichele.Dr. William Chichele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Chichele
Sir Robert Chichele Sheriff Mayor
(d. between 5 June 1439 and 6 November 1439)Sheriff of London from 1402—1403 CE. Mayor from 1411—1412 CE and from 1421—1422 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Brother of Henry Chichele and William Chichele. Cousin of Dr. William Chichele.Sir Robert Chichele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Chirwide
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Robert Chirwide is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chitcroft
Buried in St. Katharine Cree.John Chitcroft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chornet
Buried in Austin Friars.John Chornet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Plantagenet
George Plantagenet First Duke of Clarence
(b. 1449, d. 1478)First duke of Clarence.George Plantagenet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Clarentius
King of arms of southern England.Thomas Clarentius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Clavering
(d. 1421)Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks, the parish church he had donated land to.John Clavering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne of Cleves
Anne of Cleves Queen of England
(b. 1515, d. 1557)Queen of England. Fourth consort of King Henry VIII.Anne of Cleves is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Roger Clifford
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Roger Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey of Clinton
(d. 1133)Administrator under Henry I, sheriff of Warwick, landowner, and brother of William of Clinton.Geoffrey of Clinton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William of Clinton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Clitherow
Husband of Margaret Clitherow. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.William Clitherow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Clitherow
Wife of William Clitherow. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.Margaret Clitherow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cnut the Great
Cnut the Great King of England, Denmark, and Norway
(d. 1035)King of England, Denmark, and Norway.Cnut the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Cobham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Coken is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Coken
Husband of Joan Coken.John Coken is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Collingbourne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Constantine
William Constantine Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1465—1466 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Husband of Emma Constantine. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.William Constantine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Emma Constantine
Wife of William Constantine. Buried in St. Martin Outwhich.Emma Constantine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Cook
Sir Thomas Cook Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1410, d. 1478)Sheriff of London from 1453—1454 CE. Mayor from 1462—1463 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. One of the first wardens of Drapers’ Hall. Probably buried in Austin Friars.Sir Thomas Cook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
M. Edward Cook
One of several owners of Oxford Place.M. Edward Cook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Coolby
Buried in the St. Benet Fink.William Coolby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Corey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Couderow
Husband of Elizabeth Couderow. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Nicholas Couderow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Couderow
Wife of Nicholas Couderow. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Elizabeth Couderow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Francis Courtney
Sir Francis Courtney Earl of Pembroke
Earl of Pembroke. Husband of Alice Courtney. Buried in St. Austins Priory.Sir Francis Courtney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Courtney
Wife of Sir Francis Courtney. Buried in St. Austin priory.Alice Courtney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Courtney
Buried in St. Austins Priory.Sir Thomas Courtney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
M. Cornwallos
One of several owners of Fisher’s Folly.M. Cornwallos is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cornish
Buried in St. John Zachary.John Cornish is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir David Craddock
Knight.Sir David Craddock is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Criswicke
Buried in St. Katharine Cree.William Criswicke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Crepin
Sold the Merchant Taylors’ Hall to its guild.Edmund Crepin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cromwell
Thomas Cromwell Earl of Essex
(b. in or before 1485, d. 1540)Royal minister of Henry VIII.Thomas Cromwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Crophull
One of the owners of the Green Gate along with Thomas Bromeflet.Roger Crophull is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Crosby
Sir John Crosby Sheriff
(d. between January 1476 and February 1476)Sheriff of London from 1470—1471 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Diplomat, and member of parliament. Husband of Anne Crosby and founder of Crosby Hall. Buried in the Church of St. Helen, Bishopsgate.Sir John Crosby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Crosby
Wife of Sir John Crosby. Buried in St. Helens.Anne Crosby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Crosby
Possibly the grandfather of Sir John Crosby. Guardian of Joan Jordaine who was the daughter of John Jordaine.John Crosby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Cuthing
Buried in Austin Friars.James Cuthing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bartholomew Dadlegate
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Bartholomew Dadlegate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Arthur Darcy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Giles Daubeney
(b. 1370, d. 1403)Sheriff of Bedforshire in 1394 and father of Sir John Daubeney.Sir Giles Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joan Daubeney
Wife of Sir Giles Daubeney and mother of Sir William Daubeny. Buried in Austin friars.Dame Joan Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Daubeney
Son of Sir John Daubeney. Buried in Austin Friars.Robert Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Dawtry
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir John Dawtry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Dedham
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Sir John Dedham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Denny is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Denny is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Desky
Buried in Austin Friars.Henry Desky is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Wolstan Dixie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Francis Drake is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Draper
(d. 1537)William Draper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabel Draper
Wife of William Draper. Buried in Grey Friar’s Church.Isabel Draper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Draper
Wife of William Draper. Buried in Grey Friar’s Church.Margaret Draper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Christopher Draper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane Drew
Buried in St. Bartholomew by the Exchange.Jane Drew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Driffield
Buried in St. Martin Outwich.Sir William Driffield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Durrem
Buried in All Hallows.Thomas Durrem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Durrem
Buried in All Hallows.Margaret Durrem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Esseby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ecgbert of Wessex
Ecgbert King of Wessex
(b. between 769 and 771, d. 839)Ninth-century king of Wessex, reported to have changed the country’s name from Loegria to Angellandt (from which we now get England).Ecgbert of Wessex is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edgar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Edmund
Saint Edmund the Martyr King of the East Angles
(d. 869)King of the East Angles venerated as a saint after his death.St. Edmund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward I
Edward I King of England
(b. between 17 June 1239 and 18 June 1239, d. in or before 27 October 1307)King of England.Edward I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward of Woodstock (alias the Black Prince)
Edward of Woodstock
(b. 1330, d. 1376)Prince of Wales and Aquitaine. Heir to the English throne and military commander. Eldest son of King Edward III. Father of King Richard II.Edward of Woodstock (alias the Black Prince) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward III
Edward III King of England
(b. 12 November 1312, d. 21 June 1377)King of England and lord of Ireland, 1327—1377. Duke of Aquitaine, 1327—1360, and lord of Aquitaine, 1360—77. Son of Edward II and Isabella of France.Edward III is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward VI is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward II is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward IV
Edward IV King of England
(b. 28 April 1442, d. 9 April 1483)King of England and lord of Ireland, 1461—1483. Son of Richard of York.Edward IV is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward the Confessor
Saint Edward the Confessor King of England
(b. between 1003 and 1005, d. between 4 January 1066 and 5 January 1066)King of England venerated as a saint after his death.Edward the Confessor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Isabell Edward
Wife of William Edward. Buried in Crutched Friars Church.Dame Isabell Edward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Edward
William Edward Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1457—1458 CE. Mayor from 1471—1472 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Husband of Isabel Edward. Buried in CrutchedFriars Church.William Edward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor of Castile
Eleanor of Castile Queen of England
(b. 1241, d. 1290)Queen of England. Consort of King Edward I.Eleanor of Castile is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth I
Elizabeth Tudor I Queen of England and Ireland
(b. 7 September 1533, d. 24 March 1603)Queen of England and Ireland.Elizabeth I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth of York
Queen Elizabeth of York
(b. 1466, d. 1503)Queen of England. Consort of King Henry VII. Mother of King Henry VIII.Elizabeth of York is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Elkens
Donated capital for the building of a pulpit in Christ’s Hospital.William Elkens is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Erconwald is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Eastfield
Sir William Eastfield Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1446)Sheriff of London from 1422—1423 CE. Mayor from 1429—1430 CE and from 1437—1438 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.Sir William Eastfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Æthelred II
Æthelred II the Unready King of England
(b. between 966 and 968, d. 23 April 1016)King of England.Æthelred II is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eustacius
The eighth prior of Holy Trinity Prior.Eustacius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Eyre
Simon Eyre Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1395, d. 1458)Sheriff of London from 1434—1435 CE. Mayor from 1445—1446 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Appears as a dramatic character in Thomas Middleton’s The Shoemaker’s Holiday and Thomas Deloney’s The Gentle Craft.Simon Eyre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Falleron is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Fastolph
Son of Hugh Fastolph. Buried in St. Helens.George Fastolph is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Fastolph
Father of George Fastolph.Hugh Fastolph is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Faulconer
Thomas Faulconer Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1403—1404 CE. Mayor from 1414—1415 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Built Mooregate.Thomas Faulconer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Fauset
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Thomas Fauset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fennor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ferreis of Ousley
Father of Elizabeth Mellington.Ferreis of Ousley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John le Fevre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fink
Father of Robert Fink. Financed the building of St. Benet Fink. Fink Lane (also known as Fink Lane) is supposedly named after his family.Robert Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Fink
Relative of Robert Fink and his son, Robert Fink. Finch Lane (also known as Fink Lane) is supposedly named after his family.James Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rosamund Fink
Relative of Robert Fink and his son, Robert Fink. Finch Lane (also known as Fink Lane) is supposedly named after her family.Rosamund Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William fitz Stephen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Fitz-Mary
Simon Fitz-Mary Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1233—1234 CE and from 1246—1247 CE. Founded Bethlehem Hospital. Stow mistakenly names him Lawrence Fitz Marie.Simon Fitz-Mary is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Fitzalwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fitzalan
Richard Fitzalan III Fourth Earl of Arundel Ninth Earl of Surrey
(d. 1397)Fourth (eleventh) earl of Arundel and ninth earl of Surrey. Executed for treason.Richard Fitzalan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sergeant William Fleetwood
Recorder of London.Sergeant William Fleetwood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Fleming
Husband of Margaret Fleming. Buried in St. Katharine Cree.Sir Thomas Fleming is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fleming
Sone of Sir Thomas Fleming.Robert Fleming is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Fleming is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Flemyng
Richard Flemyng Sheriff
(d. 1464)Sheriff of London from 1460—1461 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. First master of the Ironmongers Hall. See Calendar of Letter Books of the City of London: L, Edward IV-Henry VII.Richard Flemyng is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Fortescue
(b. between 1531 and 1533, d. 1607)Court administrator, privy councillor, and keeper of the great wardrobe. Husband of Elizabeth Fortescue.Sir John Fortescue is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Fraunceys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Francis
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Simon Francis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Frey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Frey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Bryce is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stalbrook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Irlond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bassett is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Waver is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Feelde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Oulegrave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Steward
John Steward Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1456—1457 CE. Member of the Tallow Chandlers’ Company. Not to be confused with Sir John Steward.John Steward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Nedeham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Plummer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lambarde
John Lambarde Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1460—1461 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Not to be confused with John Lambarde.John Lambarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sutton
John Sutton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1440—1441 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Not to be confused with John Sutton.John Sutton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Whetenhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Rich (II)
Richard Rich Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1441—1442 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Son of Richard Rich. Father of John Rich. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry. Not to be confused with Richard L. Rich.Richard Rich (II) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Beaumond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Nordon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Wyfold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Horne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Abraham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Scott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cantelowe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Canynges is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Warter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walderne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Catteworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Clopton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Morstede is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Chapman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Dyke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Paddesle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Chalton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lyng is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Otele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Dufthous is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Abbot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bryan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Whytingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Gosselyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Weston
William Weston Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1421—1422 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Not to be confused withWilliam Weston.William Weston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Tatersale is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wandesford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Seman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John atte Water is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brokle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Arnold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Higham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Cotton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Lobenham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Micholl is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Aleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cauntbrigge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alan Everard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Widyngton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Penne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hyde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wakele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Evote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Framlyngham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Louthe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Broke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Pountfreyt
Henry Pountfreyt Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1407—1408 CE. Believed to be a saddler.Henry Pountfreyt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Duke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Norton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wodecok is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wiilliam Askham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wade
John Wade Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1398—1399 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Not to be confused with John Wade.John Wade is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Parker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Welford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Elys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Brampton
William Brampton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1394—1395 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Buried in St. Magnus church.William Brampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Drugo Barentyn
Drugo Barentyn Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1393—1394 CE. Mayor from 1398—1399 CE and again from 1408—1409 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company.Drugo Barentyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Newenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Maghfeld is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Vanner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Vynent is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fraunceys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Loneye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walcote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Karlill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Austyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Fastolf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Venour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Staundon
William Staundon Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1386—1387 CE. Mayor of London from 1392—1393 CE and from 1407—1408 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company.William Staundon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chircheman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John More
John More Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1383—1384 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company Not to be mistken for John More.John More is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Wynchcombe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Heende
John Heende Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1381—1382 CE. Mayor from 1391—1392 CE and from 1404—1405 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.John Heende is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Knyghtcote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Doget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Baret is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Heylesdon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Boseham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Pykeman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Launde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Wodehous is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Lyons is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fyshide is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Hatfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Stable is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Geyton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Holbech is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pyel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Wimondham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Girdelere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dikeman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tornegold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas of Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Irlond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Briklesworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Mytford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hiltoft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Croydon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Andreu is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de St. Albans is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James de Thame is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Holbech is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter de Berneye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Denis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Benyngton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Buris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Bernes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew de Frestlyng is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Dolseley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Notyngham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Forster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Brandon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Smelt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Todenham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Frowyk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Little is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Welde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Stayndrop is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Worcester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Nott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Lenne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Dolseley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Basyngstoke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Brabazon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Claptus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Croydon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Gloucester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Hemenhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Leggy
Thomas Leggy Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1344—1345 CE. Mayor from 1347—1348 CE and from 1354—1355 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company.Thomas Leggy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Wychingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Aylesham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Syward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Kislingbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Rokele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Berkynge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Deumars
Bartholomew Deumars Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1340—1341 CE. Believed to be a corder.Bartholomew Deumars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Lucas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger de Forsham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Thorneye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Pountfreyt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Neel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Crane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Northall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wiliam de Bricklesworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard le Lacer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Ely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Harewolde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Mockyng is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Husbond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Pike is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hamond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Haunsard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Hyngston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter de Mordone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Uptone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Combemartyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Fraunceys
Simon Fraunceys Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1328—1329 CE. Mayor from 1341—1343 CE and from 1355—1356 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.Simon Fraunceys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dalling is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Poyntel
John Poyntel Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1318—1319 CE. Possible member of the Leathersellers’ Company or the Cordwainers’ Company.John Poyntel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Prestone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald de Conduit
Reginald de Conduit Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1320—1321 CE. Mayor of London from 1334—1336 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company.Reginald de Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Produn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Costantyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Hakeneie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Elie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Salisbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Caustone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict de Folesham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Mordon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cotun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Chaunteclere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Betoyne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Darci is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hauteyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lambyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Lutkin
Adam Lutkin Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1312—1313 CE. Believed to be a blader or cornmonger.Adam Lutkin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Burdeyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh de Gartone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen de Abyndon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hamo de Chigwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bodelay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Belancer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Caustone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Wengrave
John de Wengrave Mayor
Mayor of London from 1316—1319 CE. Believed to be a clerk or lawyer.John de Wengrave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Priour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Furneis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Welleford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Merwod is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Corp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter de Blakeneye
Peter de Blakeneye Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1310—1311 CE. Possible a member of the Drapers’ Company or Woolmens’ Company.Peter de Blakeneye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger le Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James of St. Edmund
James of St. Edmund Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1309—1310 CE. Possibly a Bureller.James of St. Edmund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Basinge
William de Basinge Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1308—1309 CE. Possibly a woolstapler.William de Basinge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James le Boteler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Bolet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Pycot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nigel Drury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cosyn
William Cosyn Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1305—1306 CE. Possibly a woolman or roper.William Cosyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Thunderley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Lincoln is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Hertilepole
Elected recorder of London in 1304 CE.Geoffrey de Hertilepole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger de Paris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Bureford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Combemartyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Paris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Pourte is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter de Bosenho is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert le Callere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lucas de Hauering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Champs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Fyngrie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Armentiers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Sely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richer le Refham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam le Blund de Foleham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas of Suffolke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Hallingberi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Dunstable is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Gloucester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Martin Amersbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Rokesley the younger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elias Russel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry le Bole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hamo Box is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Romeyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Leyre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Solomon le Coteler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fulk St. Edmond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John le Breton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Barnauars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Canterbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Betoyne
William de Betoyne Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1288—1289 CE. Pssible member of the Goldsmiths’ Company, the Mercers’ Company, or the Grocers’ Company.William de Betoyne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Hereford
William de Hereford Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1287—1288 CE. Possible member of the Goldsmiths’ Company or the Grocers’ Company.William de Hereford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas de Estanes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cros is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Hauteyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wade is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Sandwich
Ralph de Sandwich Warden
Warden of London from 1284—1293 CE, initially replacing mayor Gregory de Rokesle. Possible member of the Drapers’ Company.Ralph de Sandwich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Rokesle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Martin Box is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jordan Goodcheape
Jordan Goodcheape Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1283—1284 CE, but was removed from office after July 25th due to being implicated in a murder.Jordan Goodcheape is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anketin de Betevile is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter le Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Chigwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Box is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de la More is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William le Mazeliner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Basinge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter l’Engleys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Adrien
John Adrien Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1277—1278 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Son of previous sheriff, John Adrien.John Adrien is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph le Fevre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph le Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas fitz-Geoffrey de Winchester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Horn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Frowike is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Bodele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Paris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter le Poter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh fitz-Otho
Hugh fitz-Otho Warden
Warden of London from 1265—1266 CE and from 1268—1270 CE. Stow designates him as the mayor under the name Hugh fitz-Thomas. Possibly the same person as Hugh Fitz Otho.Hugh fitz-Otho is mentioned in the following documents:
-
T. Wimborn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen de Edeworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Hervi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas fitz-Theobald de Helles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Becket
Agnes
Wife of Thomas fitz-Theobald de Helles and sister of Thomas Becket. Founded the Hospital of St. Thomas Acon.Agnes Becket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alan de la Souche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lucas de Batencourt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walraven is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de la Linde
John de la Linde John Hind Sheriff Warden
Sheriff and warden of London from 1265—1266 CE.John de la Linde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Aungier is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward le Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas de Ford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Osbert de Suffolke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Mountpiler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Walebrook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip le Taillour
Philip le Taillour Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1261—1262 CE and again from 1269—1270 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Stow mistakenly names him John Tailor.Philip le Taillour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Coventre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Bruning is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Adrien
John Adrien Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1257—1259 CE and from 1265—1267 CE. Mayor from 1269—1271 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Comapny.John Adrien is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Ewell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Ashwie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matthew Bukerel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John le Minur is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Walemunt
Henry de Walenut Henry Walmond Sheriff
Became sheriff of London from 1254—1255 CE.Henry de Walemunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen de Oystergate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Eswy
William Eswy Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1254—1255 CE, although he was removed from office in February 1255 CE due to neglect regarding the goals. Stow mistakenly names him Ralph Eswy, who was a previous mayor. Member of the Mercers’ Company.William Eswy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Linton
Robert de Linton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1254—1255 CE, although he was removed from office in February 1255 CE due to neglect regarding the goals. Member of the Drapers’ Company.Robert de Linton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Pickard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Norhampton
John de Norhampton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1253—1254 CE and from 1260—1261 CE. Possible member of the Skinners’ Company or the Merchant Tailors’ Company.John de Norhampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas de Wymburne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Durham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey le Feure is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William fitz-Richard
William fitz-Richard Sheriff Mayor Warden
Sheriff of London from 1250—1251 CE. Mayor from 1257—1261 CE. Both sheriff and warden from 1265—1266 CE. Member of the Srapers’ Company.William fitz-Richard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Hardel
Ralph Hardel Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1249—1250 CE. Mayor from 1254—1258 CE. Possible member of the Drapers’ Company or the Vintners’ Company. Stow mistakenly names him Richard Hardel.Ralph Hardel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger fitz-Roger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas fitz-Joce is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Winton
Geoffrey de Winton Geoffrey Winchester Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1248—1249 CE.Geoffrey de Winton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter fitz-Alan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Laurence de Frowyk
Laurence de Frowyk Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1246—1247 CE and from 1251—1252 CE. Stow mistakenly calls him Simon Frowicke.Laurence de Frowyk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam of Bentley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Arcubus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Bat is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Blunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas de Dunelm is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Viel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Michael Tovi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald de Bungheye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Joynier is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Wylhale is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Coudres is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gervase Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tulesan
John Tulesan Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1237—1238 CE and from 1249—1250 CE. Mayor from 1252—1253 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.John Tulesan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jordan of Coventry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Hardel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norman
John Norman Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1234—1235 CE. Mayor from 1250—1251 CE. Possibly a member of the Worshipful Company of Drapers. Not to be confused with the John Norman.John Norman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Eswy
Ralph Eswy Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1234—1235 CE and from 1239—1240. Mayor from 1241—1244 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.Ralph Eswy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger le Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Edmonton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gerard Bat
Gerard Bat Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1232—1233 CE and from 1235—1236 CE. Mayor from 1239—1240. Possible member of the Vintners’ Company.Gerard Bat is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Michael de St. Helena is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter le Bufle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Woborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard fitz-Walter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter de Winton
Walter de Winton Walter de Winchester William Winchester Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1229—1230 CE.Walter de Winton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert fitz-John is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Cocham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Bukerel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Bukerel
Andrew Bukerel Sheriff; Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1223—1225 CE. Mayor from 1231—1238 CE. Possible member of the Grocers’ Company when it was called the Pepperers’ Company.Andrew Bukerel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger le Duc
Roger le Duc Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1225—1227 CE. Mayor from 1227—1231. Possibly the son of the previous sheriff, Roger le Duc.Roger le Duc is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Martin fitz-William is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bukerel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Viel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joce le Spicer
Joce le Spicer John le Spicer Josce Ponderator Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1218—1219 CE.Joce le Spicer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Wimbledon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Renger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lambart is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Alderman
James Alderman Mayor
Mayor of London from 1216—1217 CE, but lost the mayoralty on May 21, 1217 and was replaced by Salomon de Basing. Not to be confused with JamesAlderman.
James Alderman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict Senturer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Nevelun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Basing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Salomon de Basing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Martin fitz-Alice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Bate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Constantine Fitz-Alulf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Helyland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Garland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joce fitz-Peter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen le Gras is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Witebi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Nevelun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Nele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Duke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hardel
William Hardel Sheriff Mayor Edmond Hardle
Sheriff of London from 1207—1208 CE. Mayor of London from 1215—1216 CE. Possible member of the Drapers’ Company and the Vintners’ Company.William Hardel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Winchester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John fitz-Elinandi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund fitz-Gerard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Winchester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Waleran is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hamond Brond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas de Haverell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Chamberleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Brun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Cayo is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Norman Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Aldermanbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William fitz-Alice
William fitz-Alice Walter fitz-Alice Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1200—1201 CE.William fitz-Alice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger de Deserto
Roger de Deserto Roger Dorsit Sheriff
(fl. between 1199 and 1200)Sheriff of London from 1199—1200 CE.Roger de Deserto is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Alderman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ernulf fitz-Alulf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Beaco
Richard de Beaco Sheriff
Richard de Beaco is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert fitz-Durand is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Godard de Antioche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jukel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Besaunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William fitz-Alulf
William fitz-Alulf William Fitz Arnold Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1193—1194 CE.William fitz-Alulf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fitz Alwin
Richard Fitz Alwin Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1192—1193 CE. After a hiatus of 18 years, he became mayor of London from 1211—1214 CE.Richard Fitz Alwin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Nevelun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Duket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bucknote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Haverill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Herlion
John Herlion Sheriff
John Herlion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger le Duc is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitz Isabell
William Fitz Isabell Portgrave
Portgrave of the city of London during the reign of King Henry II.William Fitz Isabell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bar Querelle
Robert Bar Querelle Provost
Provost of the city of London during the reign of King Henry I.Robert Bar Querelle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ernulfus Buchel
Ernulfus Buchel Portgrave
Portgrave of the city of London during the reign of King Henry II.Ernulfus Buchel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alffi Portgraves is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Leofstane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aelfweard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wolfegare
Portgrave during the reign of Edward the Confessor.Wolfegare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adhered is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Marianus Scotus of Mainz
Marianus Scotus of Mainz Moelbrigte
(b. 1028, d. between 1082 and 1083)Irish monk and chronicler.Marianus Scotus of Mainz is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Bancroft
Richard Bancroft Bishop
(b. 1544, d. 2 November 1610)Bishop of London consecrated on in June 1597 and became archbishop of Canterbury in March 1604. He was also the chief overseer of the production of the King James Bible.Richard Bancroft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edwin Sandys
Edwin Sandys Bishop
(b. 1519, d. 10 July 1588)Bishop of London from 1570—1576. He was a translator of the Bishop’s Bible.Edwin Sandys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Ridley
Nicholas Ridley Bishop
(b. 1500, d. 16 October 1555)Bishop of London and Westminster who was installed in 1550.Nicholas Ridley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Latimer
Parson of St. Lawrence Pountney.William Latimer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hooper
John Hooper Bishop
(b. between 1495 and 1500, d. 9 February 1555)English churchman, bishop of Gloucester and Worcester, and a proponentof the English Reformation. Exectued for heresy during the reign of Mary I.John Hooper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Bonner
Edmund Bonner Bishop
(b. 1500, d. 5 September 1569)Bishop of London who was elected on October 20, 1539.Edmund Bonner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Warham
William Warham Bishop
(b. 1450, d. 22 August 1532)Consecrated bishop of London in 1502. In 1504 he became Archbishop of Canterbury and crowned Henry VIII and Cathrine of Aragon in 1509.William Warham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Savage
Thomas Savage Bishop
(b. 1463, d. 3 September 1507)King’s chaplain, archbishop of York, and bishop of London.Thomas Savage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hill
Richard Hill Bishop
(fl. 10 May 1486d. 20 February 1496)Bishop of London who was consecrated on August 21, 1489.Richard Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Gilbert
Robert Gilbert Bishop
(d. 27 July 1448b. in or before 1382)Bishop of London consecrated on October 28, 1436.Robert Gilbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Marshall
John Marshall Bishop
According to Stow, John Marshall was a bishop of London who died in 1393. Not to be confused with John Marshall.John Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kempe
John Kempe Bishop
(b. 1380, d. 22 March 1454)Bishop of London from 1422—1426 CE. Kempe was also an English cardinal, the archbishop of Canterbury, and the lord chancellor of England.John Kempe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Clifford
Richard Clifford Bishop
(d. 1421)Bishop of London who was appointed on June 22, 1407. He was previously bishop of Worcester and bishop-elect of Bath and Wells, as well as the Lord Privy Seal.Richard Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Bubwith
Nicholas Bubwith Bishop
(b. 1355, d. 27 October 1424)Bishop of London who was consecrated on September 26, 1406.Nicholas Bubwith is mentioned in the following documents:
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Roger Walden
Roger Walden Bishop
(d. 1406)Bishop of London who was elected on December 10, 1405 CE. Walden was previously the Treasurer of England after serving Richard II as secretary.Roger Walden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Braybrooke
Robert Braybrooke Bishop
(b. between 1336 and 1337, d. 28 August 1404)Bishop of London who was appointed on September 9, 1381 CE.Robert Braybrooke is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Courtenay
William Courtenay Bishop
(b. 1342, d. 31 July 1396)Bishop of London who was appointed on July 30, 1381 CE, and later became archbishop of Canterbury.William Courtenay is mentioned in the following documents:
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Adam of Mirimuth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Michael Northburgh
Michael Northburgh Bishop
(d. 9 September 1361)Bishop of London who was elected on April 22, 1354 CE.Michael Northburgh is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard de Wentworth
Richard de Wentworth Bishop
(d. 8 December 1339)Bishop of London who was elected on May 4, 1338 CE.Richard de Wentworth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Gravesend
Stephen Gravesend Bishop
(d. 8 April 1338)Bishop of London who was consecrated on January 14, 1319 CE.Stephen Gravesend is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gilbert Segrave
Gilbert Segrave Bishop
(b. in or before 1258, d. 1316)Bishop of London who was elected on August 17, 1313 CE.Gilbert Segrave is mentioned in the following documents:
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Peter of Alba
Peter of Alba Bishop
Peter of Alba is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Gravesend
Richard Gravesend Bishop
(d. 1303)Bishop of London who was consecrated on October 1, 1280 CE.Richard Gravesend is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fulke Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Chishull
(d. 1280)Lord chancellor of England, lord high tresurer, dean of St. Paul’s, and bishop of London. He was elected bishop of London on December 7, 1273 CE.John Chishull is mentioned in the following documents:
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John of Eversden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry of Sandwich
Henry of Sandwich Bishop
(b. in or after 1205, d. 1273)Bishop of London who was elected on November 13, 1262 CE.Henry of Sandwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Talbot
Richard Talbot Bishop
(d. 1262)Bishop of London who was elected on August 18, 1262. Nephew to Fulk Basset, previous bishop of London.Richard Talbot is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Textor is mentioned in the following documents:
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William of Sainte-Mère-Église
Wiliiam of Sainte-Mère-Église Bishop
(fl. 1193-27 March 1224)Before becoming bishop, he and the bishop of Salisbury found Richard I where he was being held captive in Germany. In 1198, he was elected bishop of London on September 16, and was consecrated on May 23, 1199. His resignation took place on January 25, 1221 CE.William of Sainte-Mère-Église is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard FitzNeal
Richard FitzNeal Robert FitzNigel Richard of Ely Bishop
(b. 1130, d. 10 September 1198)Bishop of London who was appointed on November 15, 1189 CE. FitzNeal was previously a bureaucrat in the service of Henry II and wrote a book regarding Henry II’s work, which was the first administrative treatise written during the English middle ages.Richard FitzNeal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gilbert Foliot
Gilbert Foliot Bishop
(b. 1110, d. 18 February 1187)Bishop of London who was appointed on March 6, 1163 CE.Gilbert Foliot is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard de Belmeis II is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert de Sigello is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gilbert Universalis
Gilbert Universalis Bishop
(d. 9 August 1134)Bishop of London who was consecrated on January 22, 1128 CE.Gilbert Universalis is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh d’Orevalle
Hugh d’Orevalle Bishop
(d. between 1084 and 1085)Bishop of London who was elected after August 29 1075. His death is commemorated on January 12.Hugh d’Orevalle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spearhafoc
Spearhafoc Speraver
(fl. between 1047 and 1051)Benedictine monk who was promoted to bishop of London, but whose consecration was rejected due to the return of the previous bishop to London.Spearhafoc is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert of Jumièges
Robert of Jumièges Robert Chambert
(d. between 1052 and 1055)First Norman archbishop of Canterbury. He was a friend and advisor to Edward the Confessor who appointed him as Bishop of London in 1044.Robert of Jumièges is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elphinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alwinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edgar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Welstanus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eadred
Eadred King
(b. 923, d. 23 November 955)King of the English from 946 until his death in 955.Eadred is mentioned in the following documents:
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Asser
Asser John Asser Asserius Menevensis Bishop, monk, biographer
(d. 909)Welsh monk who became Bishop of Sherborne in the 890’s.Asser is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aethelweard of London
Aethelweard of London Bishop
(d. between 909 and 926)Bishop of London who was consecrated between 909—926 CE.Aethelweard of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Caulse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aethelnoth
Aethelnoth Bishop
(d. between 816 and 824)Bishop of London who was consecrated between 805—811 CE.Aethelnoth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Osmund is mentioned in the following documents:
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Heathoberht is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eadgar of London
Eadgar of London Bishop
(d. between 789 and 793)Bishop of London who was consecrated between 787—789 CE.Eadgar of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tatwine is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ingwald is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph de Diceto
Ralph de Diceto Archdeacon
(d. 1202)Archdeacon of Middlesex, dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral, and the author of two chronicles.Ralph de Diceto is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saebbi of Essex
Saebbi Saebbi of Essex King
(d. between 693 and 694)Joint King of Essex from 664—683 when his brother died, and became sole King until 694. He abdicated the throne in order to enter into a monastery.Saebbi of Essex is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aethelburh of Barking
Aethelburh of Barking Ethelburga Saint
(d. in or after 686)Founder and first abbess of the dual monastery of Barking. Sister of Earconwald, bishop of London.Aethelburh of Barking is mentioned in the following documents:
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Theodore of Tarsus
Theodore of Tarsus Archbishop of Canterbury
(b. 602, d. 19 September 690)Archbishop of Canterbury from 668—690 CE. Best known for his reform of the English Church and for the establishment of a school in Canterbury.Theodore of Tarsus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wulfhere is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cenwalh is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph of Coggeshall
(fl. 1207-26)Historian and abbot of Coggeshall. A major contributor and possibly the sole author of the Chronicon Anglicanum.Ralph of Coggeshall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finán
Finán Saint
(d. 17 February 661)Irish monk and missionary who became bishop of Lindisfarne in 651 CE.Finán is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sigeberht I
I Sigeberht Sigeberht the Little King
(fl. 617-53)Pagan king of Essex from 617 to 653 CE. He was succeeded by his relative Sigeberht the Good.Sigeberht I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sigeberht II
Sigberht II Sigeberht the Good Sigeberht the Blessed
(fl. between 653 and 661)King of Essex and successor to Sigeberht I who converted to Christianity.Sigeberht II is mentioned in the following documents:
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John
Member of the Gregorian Mission to convert Anglo-Saxons to Christianity and is thought to have arrived in England in either 597 or 601 CE. Became an abbot of St. Augustine’s Abbey in Canterbury.John is mentioned in the following documents:
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Justus
Justus Archbishop of Canterbury Saint
(d. between 10 November 627 and 631)Fourth Archbishop of Canterbury who was among one of the groups of missionaries sent to England from Rome to convert the Anglo-Saxons to Christianity.Justus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vodinus
Vodinus Archbishop
Romano-British archbishop as recorded by Jocelin of Furness. Stow claims Vodinus was slain by the Saxons.Vodinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guidelinus
Guidelinus Guitelinus Archbishop
Romano-British archbishop as recorded by Jocelin of Furness. Mentioned in Geoffrey of Monmouth’s History of the Kings of Britian.Guidelinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hilary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dedwin
Dedwin Theodwin Theodwinus Archbishop
Romano-British archbishop as recorded by Jocelin of Furness.Dedwin is mentioned in the following documents:
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Iltuta is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephan is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paludius is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conan is mentioned in the following documents:
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Obinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cadar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Deruvian
Deruvian Damian Saint Bishop
Legendary and possibly historical bishop and saint of the second century.Deruvian is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fagan
Fagan Faganus Fugatius Saint Bishop
Legendary and possibly historical bishop and saint of the second century.Fagan is mentioned in the following documents:
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Meduvinus
Baptised by Pope Eleuterus and sent as an ambassador alongside Elvanus to Britain to spread Christianity in the second century.Meduvinus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eleuterus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Arvirargus
Legendary, and possibly historical, king of Britian in the 1st century CE. Also known as Arviragus.Arvirargus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joseph of Arimathea
Mentioned in the four gospels as donating his tomb for the burial of Jesus Christ. Believed to have founded the earliest Christian oratory in Glastonbury.Joseph of Arimathea is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Islip is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anne Fiennes (née Sackville)
Anne Fiennes Lady Anne Sackville Baroness Dacre
(d. 10 May 1595)English gentlewoman and benefactress. Daughter of Sir Richard Sackville.Anne Fiennes (née Sackville) is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Grey
William Grey 13th baron Grey de Wilton
(b. between 1508 and 1509, d. 14 December 1562)English baron and military commander.William Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornelius Van Dun
Yeoman of the Guard.Cornelius Van Dun is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sanchia of Provence
Sanchia of Provence Countess of Cornwall Queen of the Romans
(b. 1228, d. 9 November 1261)Daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV and Beatrice of Savoy. Wife of Richard of Cornwall. Sister of Margaret of Provence, Eleanor of Provence, and Beatrice of Provence.Sanchia of Provence is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beatrice of Savoy
Beatrice of Savoy Countess consort of Provence
(b. 1205, d. 4 January 1267)Mother of Margaret of Provence, Eleanor of Provence, Sanchia of Provence, and Beatrice of Provence. Daughter of Thomas I of Savoy. Sister of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Thomas of Flanders, Peter II of Savoy, Philip I of Savoy, and Boniface of Savoy.Beatrice of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Brown
(fl. 6 January 1236)Mentioned alongside Hugh Gifford in a commandment by King Henry III. Not to be confused with William Brown.William Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh Gifford
(fl. 6 January 1236)Mentioned alongside William Brown in a commandment by King Henry III.Hugh Gifford is mentioned in the following documents:
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William de Havarhull is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ingulf
(d. 16 November 1109)Benedictine abbot of Crowland Abbey in Lincolnshire. Previously considered the author of the Croyland Chronicle, although this fact is now discredited.Ingulf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pope Leo IX
Leo IX Pope Pope St. Leo IX Bruno of Egisheim-Dagsburg
(b. 21 June 1002, d. 19 April 1054)German aristocrat and powerful secular ruler of central Italy while holding the papacy from 1049—1054.Pope Leo IX is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lord John Rustle
John Rustle Lord
A monument is dedicated to Lord John Rustle at St. Michael, Cornhill.Lord John Rustle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Bromely
Thomas Bromley Sir Lord Chancellor of England
(b. 1530, d. 11 April 1587)Lawyer, judge, politician, and Lord Chancellor of England.Sir Thomas Bromely is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Puckering
John Puckering Sir Lord Keeper Speaker of the English House of Commons
(b. in or before 1544, d. 30 April 1596)Lawyer, politician, Speaker of the English House of Commons, and Lord Keeper.Sir John Puckering is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Wentworth
Thomas Wentworth 1st baron Wentworth 6th baron le Despencer
(b. 1501, d. 1551)English peer and courtier who was a Member of the Privy Council during the Tudor dynsaty.Thomas Wentworth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Wharton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elizabeth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elizabeth Barkley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Frances Radclyffe (née Sidney)
Frances Sidney Countess of Sussex
(b. 1531, d. 1589)Lady of the Bedchamber to Queen Elizabeth I.Frances Radclyffe (née Sidney) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mildred Cecil (née Cooke)
Mildred Cecil Mildred Cooke Lady Burghley
(b. 1526, d. 1589)Noblewoman, scholar, and translator. Wife of William Cecil and mother to Anne Cecil.Mildred Cecil (née Cooke) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anne Cecil
Anne Cecil Countess of Oxford
(b. 5 December 1556, d. 5 June 1588)Chief advisor of Queen Elizabeth I and daughter of William Cecil.Anne Cecil is mentioned in the following documents:
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Jane Seymour is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anne Seymour (née Stanhope)
Anne Seymour Anne Stanhope Duchess of Somerset
(b. 1510, d. 1587)Wife of Edward Seymour, the Lord Protector of King Edward VI. Through this marriage, Anne was briefly whe most powerful woman in England.Anne Seymour (née Stanhope) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Speght is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Caxton
(b. 1422, d. 1491)English merchant, diplomat, writer, and printer. Thought to be the first English person to work as a printer and the first to introduce the printing press into England.William Caxton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Brigham
(d. 1558)Latin scholar and antiquarian, who gave up literature to practise in the law courts. He built a tomb for the bones of Geoffrey Chaucer in Westminster Abbey.Nicholas Brigham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charles Stuart is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maragret Douglas
Margaret Douglas Countess of Lennox
(b. 8 October 1515, d. 7 March 1578)Daughter of Margaret Tudor and grandmother of James I.Maragret Douglas is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Richard Rouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Athelard
Wife to Geoffrey de Mandeville.Athelard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Foulk of Newcastle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir James Barons is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Salisbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Hauley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Arthur Troffote
Esquire.Arthur Troffote is mentioned in the following documents:
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Raph Constantine
Gentleman.Raph Constantine is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Southcot
Esquire.William Southcot is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Southwike is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Watkins
Esquire.John Watkins is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anne
Wife of John Watkins.Anne is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Felby
Esquire.John Felby is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Mortimer
Bastard.George Mortimer is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Johane Tokyne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Browne
Esquire. Not to be confused with Robert Browne.Robert Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Browne
Esquire.William Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Lewes Vicount Robsart is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Hampden
John Hampden Sir
Knight of Buckingham under the parliament of King Henry V and King Henry VI.Sir John Hampden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Louis XII of France is mentioned in the following documents:
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Frances Grey (née Brandon)
Frances Grey Frances Brandon Duchess of Suffolk
(b. 16 July 1517, d. 20 November 1559)Frances Grey (née Brandon) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Mary Keys (née Grey)
Mary Keys Lady Lady Mary Grey
(b. 1545, d. 20 April 1578)Youngest daughter of Frances Grey and Henry Grey.Lady Mary Keys (née Grey) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Vaughan
Thomas Vaughan Sir
(b. 1410, d. 1483)Welsh statesman and diplomat who rose to prominence before and during the Wars of the Roses.Sir Thomas Vaughan is mentioned in the following documents:
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Humphrey Bourchier
Father to Henry Bourchier.Humphrey Bourchier is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Golafre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walter Hungerford
Walter Hungerford 1st baron Hungerford
(b. between 1378 and 1379, d. 1449)English knight and landowner who was a member of the House of Commons from 1400—1414, of which he became speaker.Walter Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Carew is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Dudley
William Dudley Bishop William Sutton
(d. 1483)Dean of Windsor and then Bishop of Durham.William Dudley is mentioned in the following documents:
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John de Mohun
John de Mohun 2nd baron Mohun 9th feudal baron of Dunster
(b. 1320, d. 1376)The eleventh knight of the Most Noble Order of the Garter.John de Mohun is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philippa de Mohun
Philippa de Mohun Duchess of York
(d. 1431)Daughter of John de Mohun who married Edward of Norwich.Philippa de Mohun is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edward of Norwich
Edward of Norwich Edward of Langley Edward of York 2nd duke of York
Son of Edmund of Langley and grandson of Edward III.Edward of Norwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
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Katherine Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
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John de Valence
Son of William de Valence.John de Valence is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret de Valence
Daughter of William de Valence.Margaret de Valence is mentioned in the following documents:
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Giles Daubeney
Giles Daubeney 1st Baron Daubeney
(b. 1 June 1451, d. 21 May 1508)An English soldier, diplomat, courtier, politician, and privy councilor to Henry VII.Giles Daubeney is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Waltham
John Waltham John de Waltham Bishop
(d. 1395)Bishop of Salisbury, Lord High Treasurer, and Lord Privy Seal of England.John Waltham is mentioned in the following documents:
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William de Valence
William de Valence Guillaume de Lusignan 1st earl of Pembroke
(d. 1296)French nobleman and knight who became important in English politics due to his relationship to Henry III.William de Valence is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elizabeth Tudor
(b. 1492, d. 1495)Second daughter and fourth child of Henry VII. Died at three years of age.Elizabeth Tudor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Curson
Knight and husband to Elizabeth Blunt.Robert Curson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Belin
Late owner of Billingsgate.Belin is mentioned in the following documents:
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William of Windsor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blanche is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret of York is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Mary Ramsey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alexander Neckam is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret Dane
Widow of WIlliam Dane and charitable donor.Margaret Dane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Broun
Stephen Broun Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1431—1432 CE. Mayor from 1438—1439 CE and from 1448—1449 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company.Stephen Broun is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Hugh Calveley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Percy
Thomas Percy Earl of Worcester
Soldier and diplomat who was the grandson of Henry III. Not to be confused with Thomas Percy.Thomas Percy is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mercer is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret Picard
Wife of Henry Picard.Margaret Picard is mentioned in the following documents:
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David II of Scotland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry le Waleys
Henry le Waleys Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1270 and 1299)Sheriff of London from 1270—1271 CE. Mayor from 1273—1274 CE, 1281—1284 CE, and 1297—99 CE. Built a conduit in London.Henry le Waleys is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry the Young King
The second of Henry II’s five sons and the first to survive infancy. Only crowned titular king in the history of England following the Norman Conquest.Henry the Young King is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pope Sylvester I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lucan is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saint John the Baptist
John the Baptist Saint
Jewish itinerant preacher in the early first century and major figure in Christianity.Saint John the Baptist is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edward Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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William de Ufford
William de Ufford 2nd Earl of Suffolk
English nobleman in the reigns of Edward III and Richard II.William de Ufford is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Magnus Erlendsson
Magnus Erlendsson Saint Earl of Orkney
Earl of Orkney, sometimes referred to as Magnus the Martyr.St. Magnus Erlendsson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard of Conisburgh
Richard of Conisburgh 3rd Earl of Cambridge
Grandfather of Edward IV and Richard III.Richard of Conisburgh is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas West is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ramon Berenguer IV is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eleanor of Provence
Daughter of Ramon Berenguer and Beatrice of Savoy. Consort of Henry III and Queen of England. Sister of Margaret of Provence, Sanchia of Provence, and Beatrice of Provence.Eleanor of Provence is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edward Stanley
Edward Stanley 3rd Earl of Derby; Knight of the Garter
Nobleman who was the ward of Thomas Wolsey until he came of age.Edward Stanley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Augustus Caesar
Augustus Caesar Gaius Octavius Emperor
Founder and first emperor of the Roman Empire.Augustus Caesar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Percy
Thomas Percy 1st Baron Egremont
Nobleman and ally of the Lancastrian monarch. Not to be confused with Thomas Percy.Thomas Percy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Beaufort
Henry Beaufort 3rd Duke of Somerset
Third Duke of Somerset. Lancastrian military commander during the Wars of the Roses.Henry Beaufort is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Perie is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Clifford
John Clifford 9th Baron de Clifford
Lancastarian military leader during the Wars of the Roses.John Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
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Apollo
An influential Greek deity with multiple meanings and functions. Since the time of Homer, he has been defined as the god of divine distance.Apollo is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Coggeshall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Cote is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Faringdon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Faringdon
Nicholas Faringdon Mayor
(fl. 1308-61)Mayor of London from 1308—1309 CE, 1313—1314 CE, and 1320—1324 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Son of William Faringdon.Nicholas Faringdon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Faringdon
A character in mayoral pageants based on the fourteenth-century lord mayor, Nicholas Fardingdon.Nicholas Faringdon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Fenrother is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Faukconbridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Jasper Fisher is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walter Fish is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Fisher
Mercer. Not to be confused with John Fisher, bishop of Rochester.John Fisher is mentioned in the following documents:
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Agnes Forster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Forster
Stephen Forster Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1444—1445 CE. Mayor from 1454—1455 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Possible member of the Grocers’ Company.Stephen Forster is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Foxe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry de Frowick
Henry Frowick Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1427—1428 CE. Mayor from 1435—1436 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Henry de Frowick is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Gascoigne is mentioned in the following documents:
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John of Gaunt
John of Gaunt First Duke of Lancaster
(b. 1340, d. 1399)Duke of Aquitaine and first duke of Lancaster.John of Gaunt is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Garland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Genings
Merchant taylor. Helped finance the building of St. Andrew Undershaft.Stephen Genings is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bennett Gerard is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Gerrard is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Gifford
Buried in Austin Friars.John Gifford is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Gill
(b. in or before 1452)John Gill is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Goad
Husband of Joan Goad. Buried in St. Katherine Cree.John Goad is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joan Goad
Wife of John Goad. Buried in St. Katherine Cree.Joan Goad is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Goodwine
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Thomas Goodwine is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Gower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Grafton is mentioned in the following documents:
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R. Grayson
MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.R. Grayson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Peter Grinfers
Emigrant of France. Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Peter Grinfers is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hacket
Gentleman of the King’s Chapel. Buried in St. Helens.Hacket is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Hadley is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Halton
Buried in Austin Friars.John Halton is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Hampton
William Hampton Sheriff Mayor
(d. between 1482 and 1483)Sheriff of London from 1462—1463 CE. Mayor from 1472—1473 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.William Hampton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Leonard Holliday
Sir Leonard Holliday Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1595—1596 CE. Mayor from 1605—1606 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir Leonard Holliday is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Hariot
Parson of St. Gabriel Fenchurch.Sir John Hariot is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edmond Harlocke
Harlocke Edmond
(d. 1509)Buried in St. Stephen, Coleman Street Ward, according to Stow.Edmond Harlocke is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Hartshorne
Servant to Henry IV, buried in St. Boloph.John Hartshorne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Harpsfield
Buried in St. Helens, possibly historian and controversialist Nicholas Harpsfield, see ODNB.Nicholas Harpsfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Harper
Sir William Harper Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1556—1557 CE. Mayor from 1561—1562 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir William Harper is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Hatherle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Hayes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Helling
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Helling is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Heneage
(b. 1452, d. 1530)Lincolnshire lawyer. Father of Sir Thomas Heneage (c.1482—1553).Sir John Heneage is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Heneage
(b. in or before 1482, d. 1553)Courtier, chief gentleman of the Privy Chamber, and son of John Heneage.Sir Thomas Heneage is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Heningham
Husband of Isabel Heningham. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Heningham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Isabel Heningham
Wife of John Heningham. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Isabel Heningham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry VIII is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry IV
King Henry IV
(b. 1367, d. 1413)King of England and son of John of Gaunt. Also known as Henry of Bolingbroke.Henry IV is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry II is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry V is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Herenden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Hey
Husband of Ellis Hey. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.Thomas Hey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ellis Hey
Wife of Thomas Hey. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.Ellis Hey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Rowland Heyward
Sir Rowland Heyward Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1520, d. 1593)Sheriff of London from 1563—1564 CE. Mayor from 1570—1571 CE and from 1590—1591 CE. Member of the Clothworkers’ Company.Sir Rowland Heyward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Augustine Hynde
Augustine Hynde Sheriff
(fl. 1550-51)Sheriff of London from 1550—1551 CE. Member of the Clothworkers’ Company. Buried in St. Peter, Westcheap.Augustine Hynde is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Man is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Hod
Master associated with the Fraternity of the Papey.John Hod is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Holles
William Holles Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1471, d. 1542)Sheriff of London from 1527—1528 CE. Mayor from 1539—1540 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in St. Helens.William Holles is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Holland
John Holland First Earl of Huntington
(b. 1352, d. 1400)Magnate and soldier, second son of Thomas Holland. Father of John Holland.John Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edmond Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Jane Horne
Wife of Roger Marshall. Buried in St. Katharine Cree.Jane Horne is mentioned in the following documents:
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I. Horne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Raph Hosiar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Roger of Hoveden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Howard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Henry Huberthorn
Sir Henry Huberthorn Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1542—1543 CE. Mayor from 1546—1547 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir Henry Huberthorn is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Huch
Father of Margery Band.John Huch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walter Huntington
Buried in St. Helens.Walter Huntington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Huntlowe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Huss
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Huss is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Oliver Ihgham
Possibly Oliver Ihgham from ODNB.Sir Oliver Ihgham is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Iwarby
Officer in the Receipt of the Exchequer, 1447–78.John Iwarby is mentioned in the following documents:
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James V
King James V
(b. 10 April 1512, d. 14 December 1542)King of Scotland. Husband to Mary of Guise and father to Mary, Queen of Scots.James V is mentioned in the following documents:
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John I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joan Jordain
Daughter and heir of John Jordan.Joan Jordain is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Jordain
Fishmonger.John Jordain is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Peter Kaylor
Buried in St. Peter le Poor.Sir Peter Kaylor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Simon Kempe
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Simon Kempe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Kempe
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Kempe is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Kenley
Buried in Austin Friars.William Kenley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joan of Kent
(b. 1328, d. 1385)Countess of Kent, princess of Wales and Aquitaine, mother of Richard the Second.Joan of Kent is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Kenude
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir William Kenude is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Kirkby is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Kingstone is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Kirton
Alderman, merchant taylor, and merchant of the staple of Calais. See related ODNB entry for the Dutton family.Stephen Kirton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Kneseworth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Robert Knolles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Constance Knolles
Wife of Sir Robert Knolles.Constance Knolles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomis Knolles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Lucy Knowles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Kyiton
Alderman.Stephen Kyiton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Kyriel
Son of William Kyriel. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Nicholas Kyriel is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Kyriel
Father of Nicholas Kyriel.William Kyriel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Kyrton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Julian Lacy
Wife of Sir Richard Lacy. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Julian Lacy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry de Lacy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Humfrey of Lancaster
Good Duke Humphrey or First duke of Gloucester (second creation) Humphrey of Lancaster
(b. 1390, d. 1447)First duke of Gloucester (second creation). Prince, soldier, and literary patron. He was the youngest son of Henry IV, and his first wife, Mary de Bohun.Humfrey of Lancaster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas de la Lande
Buried in Austin Friars, possibly the Sir Thomas de la Lande who took part in the Welles uprising, see Enacademic’s Encyclopedia of the War of the Roses.Sir Thomas de la Lande is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edmund of Langley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Langton is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Langthorpe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Lee
Father of Jane Sayne. Possibly the administrator Sir John Lee, see ODNB entry.Sir John Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
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Helming Legget
Benefactor of Langbourn Ward.Helming Legget is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Leland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leofstane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Leveson
Nicholas Leveson Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1534—1535 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in St. Andrew Undershaft.Nicholas Leveson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Lindericle
Buried in Austin Friars.Thomas Lindericle is mentioned in the following documents:
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William de Longchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Keyton Lorimar is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Lovekyn
John Lovekyn Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1368)Sheriff of London from 1342—1343 CE. Mayor from 1348—1349 CE, 1358—1359 CE, and 1365—1367 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company.John Lovekyn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Lovell
Son of Lovell, Lord William. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Henry Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lord William Lovell
Father of Henry Lovell.Lord William Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Michael Pistoy
A Lombard connected with the Green Gate.Michael Pistoy is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Lydgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Lynd
Buried in St. Helens.Robert Lynd is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Andrew Lud
Buried in St. Helens.Sir Andrew Lud is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mabbe
Chamberlain of London.John Mabbe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mall
Mentioned in reference to John de Chichester.John Mall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philip Malpas
Philip Malpas Sheriff
(d. 1469)Sheriff of London from 1439—1440 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in Austin Friars, see related ODNB entry for Sir Thomas Cook.Philip Malpas is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Malton is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Malwen
Buried in the Holy Trinity Priory.John Malwen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Manners
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir John Manners is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Manningham
Buried in Austin Friars.Thomas Manningham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Oliver Manny
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Oliver Manny is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Walter Manny is mentioned in the following documents:
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James Manthorpe
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.James Manthorpe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret Tudor is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Marrow
William Marrow Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1410, d. 1564)Sheriff of London from 1448—1449 CE. Mayor from 1455—1456 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in St. Boloph.William Marrow is mentioned in the following documents:
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Katherine Marrow is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Martin
Sir William Martin Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1476—1484 CE. Mayor from 1492—1493 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company. Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.Sir William Martin is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guy de Maricke
Earl of St. Paul.Guy de Maricke is mentioned in the following documents:
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Roger Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mary I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Mason is mentioned in the following documents:
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Matilda is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maurice is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Melchborn
Buried in St. Martin Outwich.John Melchborn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Mellington
Husband of Elizabeth Mellington. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Sir Thomas Mellington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Elizabeth Mellington
Wife of Sir Thomas Mellington, daughter and heir of William Botelar. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Dame Elizabeth Mellington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Mellington
Husband of Elizabeth Mellington. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory. Not to be confused with Dame Elizabeth Mellington.Robert Mellington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elizabeth Mellington
Wife of Robert Mellingon, daughter of Ferreis of Ousley. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory. Not to be confused with Dame Elizabeth Mellington.Elizabeth Mellington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Walter Mews
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Walter Mews is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Micholl
John Micholl Sheriff
(d. 1537)Sheriff of London from 1413—1414 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company. Buried in Grey Friar’s Church. Not to be confused with John Michell.John Micholl is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Michael is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Milborne
Sir John Milborne Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1510—1511 CE. Mayor from 1521—1522 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Edmund.Sir John Milborne is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Milborne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anthony Mills
Son of John Mills. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory..Anthony Mills is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mills
Father of Anthony Mills.John Mills is mentioned in the following documents:
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Earl of Millen
Husband to the daughter of King Stephen, Matilda.Earl of Millen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lionel Mollington
Son of Robert Mollington. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Lionel Mollington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Mollington
Father of Lionel Mollington.Robert Mollington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Mundy
John Mundy Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1537)Sheriff of London from 1514—1515 CE. Mayor from 1522—1523 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in St. Peter, Westcheap.Sir John Mundy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Diones Mordaske
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Diones Mordaske is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas More is mentioned in the following documents:
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Peter Morens
Buried in Austin Friars.Peter Morens is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh Moresby
Buried in All Hallows Staining.Hugh Moresby is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William More is mentioned in the following documents:
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M. Morris
Born in Essex.M. Morris is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Morley
Father of William and Ralph Morley. Buried in Austin Friars. Not to be confused with Thomas Morley, who is buried in All Hallows Barking, or the composer, Thomas Morley.Sir Thomas Morley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Morley
(d. 1556)Buried in All Hallows Barking. Not to be confused with Thomas Morley, who is buried in Austin Friars, or the composer, Thomas Morley.Thomas Morley is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Morley
Son of Sir Thomas Morley. Buried in Austin Friars.William Morley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph Morley
Son of Sir Thomas Morley. Buried in Austin Friars.Ralph Morley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Mortimer is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mowbray VII is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Multon
Also called Burdeaux Herrald, father of Thomas Multon. Buried in St. Katheine Cree.William Multon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Multon
Son of William Multon. Buried in St. Katherine Cree.Thomas Multon is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Mewtas
(fl. 1491-1522)John Mewtas is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Peter Mewtas is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Narborough
Husband of Elizabeth Narborough. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.William Narborough is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Elizabeth Narborough
Wife of William Narborough. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Dame Elizabeth Narborough is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Beatrix Narbrough
Wife of William Narbrough. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Dame Beatrix Narbrough is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Narbrough
Husband of Beatrix Narbrough. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.William Narbrough is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joan of Navarre
(b. 1368, d. 1437)Duchess consort of Brittany while married to first husband, John, Duke of Brittany. Later, queen consort of England when she became the second wife of Henry IV. Daughter of Charles II, King of Navarre.Joan of Navarre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Naylor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walter Nevel
Buried in Austin Friars.Walter Nevel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Neville
Richard Neville the Kingmaker Sixteenth Earl of Warwick Sixth Earl of Salisbury
(b. 1428, d. 1471)Sixteenth earl of Warwick and sixth earl of Salisbury.Richard Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Hugh Nevill
Husband of Alice Neville.Sir Hugh Nevill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Alice Nevill
Wife of Sir Hugh Neville. Not to be confused with Alice Nevill.Lady Alice Nevill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alice Nevill
Wife of Sir John Neville. Not to be confused with Lady Alice Nevill.Alice Nevill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Nevill
Husband of Alice Nevill.Sir John Nevill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Newport is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Norden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Joan Norris
The Lady of Bedford. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Joan Norris is mentioned in the following documents:
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Margaret Norford is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Norman
John Norman Sheriff Mayor
(fl. 1461-68)Sheriff of London from 1443—1444 CE. Mayor from 1453—1454 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Not to be confused with John Norman.John Norman is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Norryholme
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.John Norryholme is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Nuck
Husband of Joan Nuck.Thomas Nuck is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joan Nuck
Wife of Thomas Nuck. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Joan Nuck is mentioned in the following documents:
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Offa is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh Offley
Rebuild Leadenhall Manor.Hugh Offley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Offley
Sir Thomas Offley Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1505, d. 1582)Sheriff of London from 1553—1554 CE. Mayor from 1556—1557 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir Thomas Offley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh Offley is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Oliver
(fl. 1430)William Oliver is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mary Orrell
Wife of Sir Lewis Orrell. Buried in St. Helens.Mary Orrell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Lewys Orrell
Husband of Mary Orrell.Sir Lewys Orrell is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Outwich
Father of John Outwich, co-founder of St. Martin Outwich.William Outwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Outwich
Son of William Outwich, co-founder of and buried in St. Martin Outwich.John Outwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Pachet
Priest, warden of the fraternity of the brothers of St. Augustine Papey.Thomas Pachet is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Anne Pakington
(fl. 1530-63)Lady Anne Pakington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Pakington
(b. in or before 1477, d. 1551)Judge, husband to Lady Anne Pakington, buried in St. Bolotph.Sir John Pakington is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Palmer
(d. 1500)Fishmonger, buried in St. Peter, Westcheap. It is unlikely that this is the same person as John Palmer, who is also mentioned by Stow as buried in St. Peter, Westcheap.John Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Palmer
Buried in St. Peter, Westcheap. It is unlikely that this is the same person as John Palmer, who is also mentioned by Stow as buried in St. Peter, Westcheap.John Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hugh Pemberton
Hugh Pemberton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1490—1491 CE. Believed to be a tailor. Husband of Katherine Peberton. Buried in St. Martin Outwich.Hugh Pemberton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Katherine Pemberton
Wife of Hugh Permberton. Buried in St. martin Outwich.Katherine Pemberton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Matthew Pemberton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Percy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Percival
Sir John Percival Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1486—1487 CE. Mayor of London from 1483—1484 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir John Percival is mentioned in the following documents:
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John le Percers
Buried in Austin Friars.John le Percers is mentioned in the following documents:
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Allice Percival
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.Allice Percival is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Percy
(b. 1364, d. 1403)Soldier, originally a support of Henry of Lancaster, he rebelled against in 1403 and died in battle.Henry Percy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philip II
King of Spain Philip II
(b. 1527, d. 1598)King of Spain. Consort of Queen Mary I of England and Ireland, and thus King of England and Ireland.Philip II is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philippa of Hainault
Queen Philippa of Hainault
(b. between 1310? and 1315?, d. 1369)Queen of England and consort of Edward III.Philippa of Hainault is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Pickering
(d. 1542)Father of Sir William Pickering, built Pickering House. Buried in St. Helens. See related ODNB entry for his son, Sir William Pickering.Sir William Pickering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Pickering is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Pike
Thomas Pike Sheriff
(fl. 1409-38)Sheriff of London from 1410—1411 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Rebuilt St. Bartholomew by the Exchange in 1438.Thomas Pike is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Henry Pleasington
(b. 1397, d. 1452)Husband to Anges Pleasington and son to Sir Robert Pleasington. Buried in St. Mary Spital.Sir Henry Pleasington is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Potken is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Paulet is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Paulet is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Walter of Powell
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Walter of Powell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Poynings is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Poynings
Robert Poynings Third Baron Poynings
(b. 1382, d. 1446)Third baron Poynings and father of Richard Poynings. See related ODNB entry for his grandfather, Michael Poynings.Robert Poynings is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Presbiter is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Richard Pype is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dame Margaret Rade is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Rainstorth
Buried in St. Katherine Cree.Sir John Rainstorth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barnard Randolph is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Rawson
Richard Rawson Sheriff
(fl. 1476-85)Sheriff of London from 1476—1477 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Husband of Isabell Rawson. Buried in St. Mary Spittle.Richard Rawson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Isabell Rawson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Cox
One of the wardens of the Ironmongers’ Hall.Richard Cox is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rest
John Rest Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1510—1511 CE. Mayor from 1516—1517 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.John Rest is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Ramelius is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bartholomew Read
Bartholomew Read Sheriff Mayor
(fl. 1497-1503)Sheriff of London from 1497—1498 CE. Mayor from 1503—1503 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in Charterhouse.Bartholomew Read is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard II
King Richard II
(b. 6 January 1367, d. 1400)King of England and lord of Ireland, and duke of Aquitaine. Son of Edward, the Black Prince.Richard II is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard I
King Richard I the Lionheart
(b. 8 November 1157, d. 6 April 1199)King of England, duke of Normandy and of Aquitaine, and count of Anjou. Third son of King Henry II.Richard I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard III is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Rikeden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Rikeden is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Risby
One of the founders of the Fraterntie of the Trinity.John Risby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de la Rivars
Onetime owner of the St. Andrew Undershaft property.William de la Rivars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Rochester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Roche
Sir William Roche Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1524—1525 CE. Mayor from 1540—1541 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Peter le Poor. Not to be confused with William Roch.Sir William Roche is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Roes
Owner of Blanch Chapleton. Not to be confused with Sir Thomas Roes, merchant.Sir Thomas Roes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Roes
Merchant. Buried in the Parish Church of Hackney. Not to be confused with Sir Thomas Roes, owner of Blanch Chapleton.Sir Thomas Roes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Bernard Rolingcort
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Bernard Rolingcort is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Roose
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.William Roose is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Rouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gregory of Ruxley
Gregory of Ruxley Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1291)Sheriff of London from 1263—1264 CE and from 1270—1271 CE. Mayor from 1274—1281 CE and from 1284—1285 CE. Possible member of the Goldsmiths’ Company.Gregory of Ruxley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Ryall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Rysing
Prior of Holy Trinity Priory, and alderman.William Rysing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Sabernes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Elizabeth Salvage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Sanctio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Sanctio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Saunderford
Buried in St. Helens.Thomas Saunderford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Jane Sayne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Say
Bachelor of Divinity, master of St. Anthony.William Say is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Scroope
Son of Sir Roger Scroope. Buried in Austin Friars.William Scroope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Roger Scroope
Father of William Scroope.Sir Roger Scroope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jerome Serall
Merchant.Jerome Serall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Seymour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edmund Shaw is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Shelley
Knight during the reign of Henry IV, owner of Shelley House and, later, Bacon House, in Aldergate Ward. Likely a mercer.Sir Thomas Shelley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Sherington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Shirley
Daughter of Ralph Shirley. Buried in St. Katherine Cree.Anne Shirley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sewch Shirley
Daughter of Ralph Shirley. Buried in St. Katherine Cree.Sewch Shirley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Shirley
Father of Anne Shirley and Sewch Shirley.Raph Shirley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Shore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Simpson
Husband of Elizabeth Simpson. Buried in St. Benet Fink.Robert Simpson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Simpson
Wife of Robert Simpson. Buried in St. Benet Fink.Elizabeth Simpson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Siredus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Skevington
Sir John Skevington Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1520—1521 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Sir John Skevington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Smith
(fl. 1445-46)Co-founded a fraternity for the Holy Trinity. Not to be confused with Thomas Smith.Thomas Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Somer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Somer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Somer
Daughter of Henry Somer and Katherine Somer, wife of Richard Poyinges, possibly buried in St. Helens.Joan Somer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Souches
Owner of a dwelling house in Lime Street.Lord Souches is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip Spencer
Son of Sir Hugh Spencer. Buried in Austin Friars.Philip Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Spencer
Father of Philip Spencer and Isabel Spencer.Sir Hugh Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Isabell Spencer
Daughter of Sir Hugh Spencer. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Isabell Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Spicer
Husband of Letis Spicer. Buried in Austin Friars.John Spicer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Letis Spicer
Wife of John Spicer. Buried in Austin Friars.Letis Spicer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stafford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Starkye
Thomas Starkye Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1578—1579 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company. Buried in Grey Friar’s Church.Thomas Starkye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Dunstane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Peter the Apostle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Baldwin
Son of King Stephen.Baldwin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mathilde
Daughter of King Stephen.Mathilde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen
Curate of St. Katherine Cree.Sir Stephen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Prior Stephen
Tenth prior of Holy Trinity Priory.Prior Stephen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. George
Saint George
Fictional character in mayoral shows based on the historical and mythological figure.St. George is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stokes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Stratford
Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.Sir John Stratford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Stratford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Strange
Buried in St. Benet Fink.Robert Strange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Southworth
Buried in St. Helens.John Southworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Sutten
Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.Richard Sutten is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sutton
John Sutton Sheriff
(fl. 1413-14)Sheriff of London from 1413—1414 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in St. John Zachary. Not to be confused with John Sutton.John Sutton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Surell
Buried in Austin Friars.John Surell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Swinflet
Buried in Austin Friars.John Swinflet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Tadnam
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir Thomas Tadnam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Talmage
Buried in Austin Friars.Sir William Talmage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Tate
Sir John Tate Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1521)Sheriff of London from 1464—1465 CE. Mayor from 1473—1474 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in St. Anthony.Sir John Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
P. Le Taylor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Tanner
Homeowner and tanner.Geoffrey Tanner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Terell
Son of Sir Thomas Terell. Buried in Austin Friars.Sir William Terell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Terell
Father of William Terell.Sir Thomas Terell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Terrell
Husband of Katherine Terrell. Buried in Austin Friars.Sir John Terrell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Katherine Terrell
Wife of Sir John Terrell. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Katherine Terrell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Theobald Fitz Luonis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Throckmorton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Thorn
(b. 1492, d. 1531)Son of Robert Thorn, merchant taylor. Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.Robert Thorn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Thurston
John Thurston Sheriff
(fl. 1516-19)Sheriff of London from 1516—1517 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in St. Peter, Westcheap.John Thurston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tirell
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Tirell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Tirell
Buried in Austin Friars. Brother of William Tirell.Sir William Tirell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Tirell
Buried in Austin Friars. Brother of William Tirell.Sir William Tirell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tirres
Buried in Crutched Friars Priory.John Tirres is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Tristour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Turke
Husband of Alice Turke. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Robert Turke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Turke
Wife of Robert Turke. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Alice Turke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Venour
Wife of William Venner. Buried in St. Helens.Elizabeth Venour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Venour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aubrey de Vere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Vere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Verney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wakefield
Buried in St. Katherine Cree.John Wakefield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Walderne
William Walderne Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1399—1400 CE. Mayor from 1412—1413 CE and from 1422—1423 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.Sir William Walderne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
H. Wales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Walles
Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Raph Walles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Francis Walsingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Walworth
William Walworth Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1370—1371 CE. Mayor from 1374—1375 CE and from 1380—1381 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company.William Walworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Warley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Fitz Warren
Buried in Austin Friars.Lord Fitz Warren is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Ide West
Wife of Sir Thomas West. Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Ide West is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas West
Husband of Ide West.Sir Thomas West is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Margaret West
Buried in Austin Friars.Dame Margaret West is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Wells
Son of John Wells. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.Anthony Wells is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wells
Father of Anthony Wells. Not to be confused with Viscount John Wells.John Wells is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Wells is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Viscount John Wells is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Well
Buried in Christopher le Stocks.James Well is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert ne Wenton
Buried in Austin Friars.Robert ne Wenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Whethill
Lived in Lime Street Ward.Richard Whethill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Whittington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Wyatt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Wilforth
James Wilforth Sheriff
(d. 1526)Sheriff of London from 1499—1500 CE. Believed to be a tailor. Master of divinity who preached on Good Fridays. See related ODNB entry for Sir James Wilford.James Wilforth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wilford
John Wilford Sheriff
(d. 1544)Sheriff of London from 1544—1545 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylor’ Company. Buried in St. Bartholomew by the Exchange.John Wilford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir James Wilford
(b. in or before 1517, d. 1550)Soldier. Buried in St. Bartholomew by the Exchange.Sir James Wilford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William II is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Williams is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fitz Williams
Buried in St. Peter le Poor.Richard Fitz Williams is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Wimbush is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Davie
Had his hand removed at The Standard (Cheapside).John Davie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
-
Sir Robert Wingfield
(b. in or before 1464, d. 1539)Son of Sir John Wingfield, brother of John Wingfield.Sir Robert Wingfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wingfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Wingfield
Sir john Wingfield
(b. 1428, d. 1481)Father of Sir Robert Wingfield and John Wingfield. See related ODNB article for Sir Robert Wingfield.Sir John Wingfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wolfe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wolsey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Wolsborne
Commissioner.Sir John Wolsborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas of Woodstock is mentioned in the following documents:
-
David Woodroffe
David Woodroffe Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1554—1555 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Father of Sir Nicholas Woodroffe. Buried in St. Andrew Undershaft.David Woodroffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Woodrofe
Father of Oliver Woodrofe and William Woodrofe.John Woodrofe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Oliver Woodrofe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Woodrofe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Wootton
Nobleman from Kent.Sir Edward Wootton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
I. Wotton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wriothesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Yakesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Yoo
Nicholas Yoo Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1438—1439 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Aided in the building of St. Bartholomew by the Exchange.Nicholas Yoo is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard of York
(b. 1411, d. 1460)Third duke of York, and father of King Richard III. Magnate and claimant to the English throne. Also known as Richard Plantagenet.Richard of York is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Buchevite
Provost of the city of London during the reign of King Stephen.Andrew Buchevite is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Acliuillus
One of the first constables of the Tower of London.Acliuillus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Allott
Sir John Allott Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1580—1581 CE. Mayor from 1590—1591 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Died in office.Sir John Allott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Æthelwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Henry Amcotts is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne of Bohemia is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aristotle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Armorer
(d. 1560)William Armorer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Arnold
Husband of Agnes Arnold, and father of Eleanor Writhesley.Thomas Arnold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Arnold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Algare Secusme is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Ashton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Astry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Atwell
Buried in All Hallows Staining.William Atwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Augustine of Canterbury
Saint Augustine of Canterbury
(d. 26 May 604)Archbishop of Canterbury and first official missionary to the Anglo-Saxons in Britain. Buried in the Church of St. Peter and St. Paul in Canterbury, Kent.St. Augustine of Canterbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Bacon
James Bacon Sheriff
(d. 1573)Sheriff of London from 1568—1569 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Treasurer of St. Thomas’ Hospital. Brother of Sir Nicholas Bacon. Buried in St. Dunstand in the East.James Bacon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bernard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Barry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Henry Barton
Sir Henry Barton Sheriff Mayor
(d. between 11 April 1435 and 18 June 1435)Sheriff of London from 1405—1406 CE. Mayor from 1416—1417 CE and from 1428—1429 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company. Buried in the charnel house at St. Paul’s.Sir Henry Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bledlowe
Thomas Bledlowe Sheriff
(fl. in or after 1472)Sheriff of London from 1472—1473 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.Thomas Bledlowe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Bond
Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.Nicholas Bond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bourchier is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Martin Bowes
Sir Martin Bowes Sheriff Mayor
(b. between 1496 and 1468, d. 4 August 1566)Sheriff of London from 1540—1541 CE. Mayor from 1545—1546 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in the Church of St. Mary Woolnoth.Sir Martin Bowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Brembre
Sir Nicholas Brembre Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1388)Sheriff of London from 1372—1373 CE. Mayor from 1376—1378 CE and from 1383—1386 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Knighted by Richard II for his help in suppressing the Peasant’s Revolt in 1381.Sir Nicholas Brembre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Blackstanus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Boleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Bourchier
(fl. between 1404 and 1406)Sir John Bourchier is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Bourchier
Henry Bourchier 5th Baron Bourchier 2nd Count of Eu 1st Viscount Bourchier 1st Earl of Essex
(b. between 1404 and 1406, d. 1483)Earl of Essex. Great-grandson of Edward III.Henry Bourchier is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Burnall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Julius Caesar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio
(b. 1471, d. 25 July 1539)Bishop of Salisbury. Italian diplomat and Cardinal-protector of the Holy Roman Empire.Cardinal Lorenzo Campeggio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Carew
(d. 1539fl. in or after 1496)Knight of the Garter, diplomat, and courtier, executed and buried in St. Botolp.Sir Nicholas Carew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Casway is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cavendish is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Cely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Cely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Champion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Champneys
Sir John Champneys Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1495, d. 1556)Sheriff of London from 1522—1523 CE. Mayor from 1534—1535 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company. Buried in Bexley Church.Sir John Champneys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Chawry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Chester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Chester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Chicheley
(d. 1499)Daughter of John Chicheley, wife of Sir Thomas Kyriell, and subsuqently Ralph Ashton and Sir John Buchier. See related ODNB entry for Ralph Ashton.Elizabeth Chicheley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Oliver Chorley
Buried in All Hallows Staining.Oliver Chorley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Christopher Ascue
Sir Christopher Ascue Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1566)Sheriff of London from 1525—1526 CE. Mayor from 1533—1534 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Dunstand in the East.Sir Christopher Ascue is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ciran
Butler of King Lucius, who, according to Stow, aided in building the Church of St. Peter upon Cornhill. Possibly known as St. Cyranus.Ciran is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Clarentiaulx is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alcie Clarell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Clarell
Son of Thomas Clarell and Alice Clarell, and brother of John Clarell. Buried in All Hallows Staining.William Clarell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Clarell
Son of Thomas Clarell and Alice Clarell, and brother of William Clarell. Buried in All Hallows Staining.John Clarell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Clarell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Clopton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Colt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Colver
Homeowner. MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.Colver is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Copynger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cornwall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Costin
Girdler. Buried in All Hallows Staining.John Costin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Coventry
John Coventry Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1416 and 1417)Sheriff of London from 1416—1417 CE. Mayor from 1425—1426 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Husband of Alice Brom. Buried at St. Mary-Le-Bow in 1425.Sir John Coventry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Croke
Churchwarden of All Hallows Barking.John Croke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Prince Edmund Crouchback
(b. 16 January 1245, d. 5 June 1296)First earl of Lancaster and First earl of Leicester. Son of King Henry III and Eleanor of Provence.Prince Edmund Crouchback is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Crowmere
William Crowmere Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1405—1406 CE. Mayor from 1413—1414 CE and from 1423—1424 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.William Crowmere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Curtes
Sir Thomas Curtes Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1546 and 1558)Sheriff of London from 1546—1547 CE. Mayor from 1557—1558 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Sir Thomas Curtes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Thomas Darcy
(d. 1537)Soldier and rebel, beheaded and buried in St. Botolph. Father of Sir Arthur Darcy.Lord Thomas Darcy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Denham
William Denham Sheriff
(d. 1534)Sheriff of London from 1534—1535 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Buried in All Hallows Barking.William Denham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip Dennis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Dento
Chaplain.Robert Dento is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Angel Dune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edwatars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Hupcornehill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elvanus
Legendary figure, supposedly the butler of King Lucius and the second archbishop of London, who built a library for St. Peters upon Cornhill.Elvanus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Woodville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Elrington
(b. 1496, d. 1552)Earl of Southampton, chief butler of Edward VI, and treasurer of the navy. Buried in St. Peter upon Cornhill.Edward Elrington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Elsing
Son of William Elsing.Robert Elsing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Elsing
Father of Robert Elsing. Mercer. Founded Elsing Spittle within Cripplegate and became the first prior of the hospital.William Elsing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Devereux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adrew Evenger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Exton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fabian
(d. 1513)Sheriff of London from 1493—1494 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Husband of Elizabeth Peak. Stow incorrectly says he died in 1511. Likely buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Robert Fabian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bishop Eustace de Fauconberg
(b. 1170, d. 31 October 1228)English Bishop of London and Lord High Treasurer.Bishop Eustace de Fauconberg is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Fitz-Alwine, Fitz-Leofstane
A confusing figure. He may be the same historical figure as Henry Fitz-Alwine or he may be a goldsmith that Stow mistakenly identified as the first lord mayor. See entry on Henry Fitz-Alwine for detailed explanation.Henry Fitz-Alwine, Fitz-Leofstane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitzwilliam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Chapone a Florentine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Friar
Buried in All Hallows Staining.William Friar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir James Garnado
Knight. Buried in St. Dunstand in the East.Sir James Garnado is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir George Barne
Sir George Barne Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1500, d. 1558fl. between 1545 and 1553)Sheriff of London from 1545—1546 CE. Mayor from 1552—1553 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Buried in St. Edmund. Not to be confused with Sir George Barne.Sir George Barne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gedney
John Gedney Sheriff Mayor
(d. 12 February 1449)Sheriff of London from 1417—1418 CE. Mayor from 1427—1428 CE and from 1447—1448 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. First master of the Drapers’ Hall. Buried in St. Christopher le Stocks.John Gedney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Gilbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Giser
Father of Felix Travars.Sir Thomas Giser is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Godfrey Magum is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Goodman
Farmer. MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.Goodman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Goodman
Son of Goodman. MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.Goodman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Greenway is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Gregory is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Grifta is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Haddon
Sir Richard Haddon Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1496—1497 CE. Mayor from 1506—1507 CE and from 1512—1513 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in All Hallows Barking.Sir Richard Haddon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hall
Father of Joan Writhesley.William Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hamburger
Buried in All Hallows Staining.John Hamburger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hariot
William Hariot Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1468—1469 CE. Mayor from 1481—1482 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Dunstand in the East.William Hariot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Haringdon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Percival Hart is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir James Harvey
Sir James Harvey Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1573—1574 CE. Mayor from 1581—1582 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Father of Sebastian Harvey. Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Sir James Harvey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Hawkins
(b. 1532, d. 12 November 1595)Merchant and naval commander. Played a large role in the defeat of the Spanish Armada and was a cousin and companion of Sir Francis Drake.Sir John Hawkins is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh de Buche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Herdson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hewet
Buried in St. John Zachary.John Hewet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Fitzvulgar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hills is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robin Hood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Houghton
Peter Houghton Sheriff
(d. 31 December 1596)Sheriff of London from 1593—1594 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Peter Houghton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord William Howard
(b. 30 November 1612, d. 29 December 1680)First viscount Stafford. English nobleman and Catholic martyr.Lord William Howard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Thomas Howard Sr.
(b. 10 March 1538, d. 2 June 1572)Fourth duke of Norfolk. English nobleman and courtier.Lord Thomas Howard Sr. is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hubert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hulyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey Heyford
Humphrey Heyford Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1467 and 1448)Sheriff of London from 1467—1468 CE. Mayor from 1477—1478 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in St. Edmund.Humphrey Heyford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Barbara Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Hungerford
Husband of Barbara Hungerford, and son of Sir Thomas Hungerford.Anthony Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Hungerford
Father of Anthony Hungerford.Sir Thomas Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Isaac
William Isaac Sheriff
(d. 1508)Sheriff of London from 1488—1489 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.William Isaac is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wiliam Islip is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jack Straw
Leader of the Peasants’ Revolt of 1381.Jack Straw is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bartholomew James
Sir Bartholomew James Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1479)Sheriff of London from 1462—1463 CE. Mayor from 1479—1480 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.Sir Bartholomew James is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady James
Wife of Sir Bartholomew James. Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.Lady James is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chamberlain
Husband of Joan Chamberlain. Not to be confused with the letter writer, John Chamberlain.John Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joanne Drope
Wife of Robert Drope. Buried in St. Michael.Joanne Drope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Jenyns
Sir Stephen Jenyns Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1498—1499 CE. Mayor from 1508—1509 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir Stephen Jenyns is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Holland
(b. 1395, d. 1447)First duke of Exeter and first earl of Huntington. Buried in St. Katherine’s Hospital. Son of John Holland.John Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Chamberlain
Wife of John Chamberlain. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Joan Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John, Prior of Sunderland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Andrew Judde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jupiter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kenington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Kyriell
(b. 1396, d. 1461)Soldier, executed for supporting the Yorkist Party, husband to Cecily Kyriell, and subsequently Elizabeth.Sir Thomas Kyriell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kyroll is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Kyroll
Brother of John Kyroll.Thomas Kyroll is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Launde
Helped restore order in London following the Peasants’ Revolt in 1381. Knighted by Richard II as a result.Sir Robert Launde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Leafstanus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Lewkner
Esquire, father of Joan Chamberlain.Roger Lewkner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lichfield
Buried in St. John Zachary.Thomas Lichfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jocelin of Furness
(fl. 1199-1214)Cistercian monk and hagiographer. Writer of one of Stow’s sources.Jocelin of Furness is mentioned in the following documents:
-
King Lucius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mother Mampudding
Ale house manager.Mother Mampudding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mason is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Mason
Esquire. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Thomas Mason is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Queen Matilda
Queen Matilda of Boulogne
(b. 1103, d. 1152)Queen of England and consort of King Stephen, and founder of St. Katharine’s Hospital by the Tower.Queen Matilda is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pomponius Mela is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Michell
John Michell Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1414—1415 CE. Mayor from 1424—1425 CE and from 1436—1437 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Not to be confused with John Michell.John Michell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Margaret Milborne
Wife of Sir John Milborne. Buried in St. Edmund.Dame Margaret Milborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joanne Milborne
Wife of Sir John Milborne. Buried in St. Edmund.Dame Joanne Milborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Mirfyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey Monmouth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Mordone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Christopher Morris
(d. May 1545)Soldier, military administrator, and master gunner of England. Buried in St. Peter upon Cornhill.Sir Christopher Morris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Hancocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Niter
Daughter of Thomas Niter. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Agnes Niter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Niter
Father of Agnes Niter. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Thomas Niter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Romany Ollarie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Romany Ollarie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Orgare le Prude is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Osborne
Sir Edward Osborne Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1530, d. 1592)Sheriff of London from 1575—1576 CE. Mayor from 1583—1584 CE. Member of the Clothworkers’ Company. Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Sir Edward Osborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Fitz Otho is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Owen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Owen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pecche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Perneys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Peterson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Philmot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Philipot
Sir John Philipot Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1384)Sheriff of London from 1372—1373 CE. Mayor from 1378—1379 CE. Possible member of the Grocers’ Company or Fishmongers’ Company. Knighted by Richard II for his help in suppressing the Peasant’s Revolt in 1381.Sir John Philipot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Plantagenet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Morris
(d. 1588)Mechanical engineer of Dutch origin. Invented force pumps to distribute water to part of London. Buried in St. Magnus.Peter Morris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Poynings is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de la Pole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Michael de la Pole
(b. between 1367 and 1368, d. 1415)First earl of Suffolk, administrator, and son of Sir William de La Pole.Michael de la Pole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mr. Pope
Stow mentions him as having owned part of St. Anne’s Lane.Mr. Pope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Prince
Alderman. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Gilbert Prince is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John de Pulteney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Purfet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Ratclyffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Radcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Anne Radcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Drope
Robert Drope Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1469 and 1475)Sheriff of London from 1469—1470 CE. Mayor from 1474—1475 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Husband of Joan Drope. Buried in St. Michael.Robert Drope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Remyngton
William Remyngton Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1487—1488 CE. Mayor of London from 1500—1501 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company.William Remyngton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Reynwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Radulphus Fitzagod is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rycroft
(fl. between 1509 and 1532)Sergeant of the King’s Larder. Buried in St. Dunstan in the East.John Rycroft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Lovell
(b. in or after 1450, d. 24 May 1524)Administrator and speaker of the House of Commons.Sir Thomas Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mr. Robert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Robinson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Parr is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Russe
William Russe Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1429—1430 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in St. Peter, Westcheap. In the 1598 edition of his Survey, Stow incorrectly calls Russe a draper, but corrects this error in 1603 (Harben; BHO).William Russe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Saltonstall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Sawle
MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.Thomas Sawle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Scott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Seman
(fl. 1406?-31?)Goldbeater and goldsmith. Ran mints in London, Calais, and York. Buried in St. John Zachary Parish. See related ODNB entry for Moneyers.Bartholomew Seman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Thomas Seymour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Shaa
Sir John Shaa Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1503)Sheriff of London from 1496—1497 CE. Mayor from 1501—1502 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Son of Sir Edmund Shaw.Sir John Shaa is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Shelley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Sherrington
Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.William Sherrington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Philip Sidney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Scales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Slanye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Steward
Husband of Alice Steward. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Sir John Steward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Alice Steward
Wife of Sir John Steward. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Dame Alice Steward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Stile is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Stoddard
Merchant. Buried in All Hallows Barking.George Stoddard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Stone
Buried in All Hallows Staining.Robert Stone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Stratford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Studinham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Wyking is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ballard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Tesle
Knight of the holy sepulchre and husband of Joan Tesle. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Sir Robert Tesle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joanne Tesle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thean is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Thinne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Trappis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Travars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Felix Travars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Trigilion
Brewer. Buried in St. Botolph.John Trigilion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Trolop
Farmer. MoEML has not yet added biographical content for this person. The editors welcome research leads from qualified individuals. Please contact us for further information.Trolop is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Turke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Walsingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Twyford
Sir Nicholas Twyford Sheriff Mayor
(d. between 1390 and 1391)Sheriff of London from 1377—1378 CE. Mayor from 1388—1389 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Knighted by Richard II for his help in suppressing the Peasant’s Revolt in 1381.Sir Nicholas Twyford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Margery Twyford
(d. in or after 1390)Wife of Sir Nicholas Twyford and then Drew Barantyn. Buried in St. John Zachary Church. See related ODNB entry for Sir Nicholas Twyford.Dame Margery Twyford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wat Tyler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hamond Vaughan
Buried in All Hallows Barking.Sir Hamond Vaughan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Venus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip Vine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Waldon
Buried in All Hallows Church.John Waldon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walpole
Buried in St. Bolotph.John Walpole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warner
(b. in or before 1494, d. 1511)Father of Robert Warner, aided in the building of All Hallows Church.John Warner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Warner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mark Warner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Wartar
Esquire. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Edmund Wartar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wilmarde le Deuereshe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Webbe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wilson
Doctor Thomas Wilson
(b. 1523)Master of St. Katherine’s Hospital. Buried at St. Katherine’s Hospital. Stow incorrectly credits him of dissolving its choir.Thomas Wilson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Winter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Wiche
Hugh Wiche Sheriff Mayor
(fl. between 1444 and 1462)Sheriff of London from 1444—1445 CE. Mayor from 1461—1462 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Hugh Wiche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wizo
Son of Leafstanus.Wizo is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Tiptoft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Wotton
Nicholas Wotton Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1406—1407 CE. Mayor from 1415—1416 CE and from 1430—1431 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.Nicholas Wotton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Writhe
First garter king of arms, and father of Thomas Writhesley. Buried at All Hallows Staining.Sir John Writhe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Writhesley
Wife of Thomas Writhesley. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Joan Writhesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Writhesley
Husband of Joan Writhesley. Buried in All Hallows Staining.Sir Thomas Writhesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor Writhesley
Wife of Sir John Writhesley, and mother of John Writhesley.Eleanor Writhesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Writhesley
Husband of Agnes Arnold.William Writhesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wroth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joanne Zouch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Zouch
Husband of Joanne Zouch.Sir John Zouch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Standelf
Goldsmith, buried in St. Foster. Not to be confused with John Standelf.John Standelf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Standelf
Goldsmith, buried in St. Foster. Not to be confused with John Standelf.John Standelf is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Galder is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Milborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Lyons
Hermit of St. James in the Wall Hermitage.William de Lyons is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aymer de Valence is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mary de St. Paul is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Lamb is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Travers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Ewin
Mercer.John Ewin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Joyner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Walles
Financed the building of part of Grey Friar’s Church.Henry Walles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Potter
Financed the building of part of Grey Friar’s Church.Walter Potter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bishop William Giffard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter de Heiland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bevis Bond
Financed the building of part of Grey Friar’s Church.Bevis Bond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Grace is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Pepper
Grocer.Robert Pepper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norwich
Grocer.John Norwich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Writhesley
Son of Sir John Writhesley, buried in All Hallows Staining.John Writhesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Derby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bostoke
Buried in All Hallows Staining.John Bostoke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Francis Bowyer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Julian Lambard
Wife of John Lambard, buried in ST. Nicholas Acon.Julian Lambard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lambard
Husband of Julian Lambard, buried in ST. Nicholas Acon.John Lambard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Lambard
Son of Julian Lambard, and John Lambard.William Lambard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Bryce is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Guy Bryce
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Guy Bryce is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Peach
Wife of William Peach, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Joan Peach is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Peach
Husband of Joan Peach, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.William Peach is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Roch
Vinter. Husband of Joan Michael. Buried in St. Nicholas Acon. Not to be confused with Sir William Roch.William Roch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Michael
Vinter, Husband of Joan Michael, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Andrew Michael is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Michael is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hilton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hastings is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Acton
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon. Not to be confused with Hugh Acton.Hugh Acton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Nocket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Meager
Pewterer, Husband of Emma Meager, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.John Meager is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Emma Meager
Wife of John Meager, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Emma Meager is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Lufkin
Financed the building of part of St. Nicholas Acon.George Lufkin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Amades
Goldsmith, buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Robert Amades is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Hasken
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.George Hasken is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Garneham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Trindel
Godparent to John Stow alongside Robert Smith and Margaret Dickson. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Edmund Trindel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Smith
Godparent to John Stow alongside Edmund Trindel and Margaret Dickson. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Robert Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dickson
Husband of Margaret Dickson. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.William Dickson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Dickson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tolos is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Willowby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Lodge
Thomas Lodge Sheriff Mayor
(fl. 1548b. 1509, d. 1584)Sheriff of London from 1560—1561 CE. Mayor from 1562—1563 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Stow claims he was a church warden of St. Michael, Cornhill.Sir Thomas Lodge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
G. Hind is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip Bold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Avery Randolph
Originally from Badlesmere, Kent. Father of Thomas Randolph.Avery Randolph is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip Gunter
(d. 1582)Alderman of Portsoken Ward. Husband of Anne Gunter. Stow incorrectly notes the date of burial as 1482. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Philip Gunter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Gunter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Rudstone
Sir John Rudstone Sheriff Mayor
(fl. 1522-29)Sheriff of London from 1522—1523 CE. Mayor from 1528—1529 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Sir John Rudstone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dr. Yaxley
Physician to Henry VIII. Buried in St. Michael, Cornhill.Dr. Yaxley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mr. Birchover is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matthew Paris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hubert de Burgh
Hubert de Burgh First Earl of Kent
(b. 1170, d. May 1243)First earl of Kent. Justiciar for Henry II.Hubert de Burgh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Master is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Britain
Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Thomas Britain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Warmford
Father of Agnes Arnold.Richard Warmford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Peak is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Holt
Buried in All Hallows Staining.Christopher Holt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret of France is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Brittany is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert de Clare
(b. 1291, d. 1314)Seventh earl of Hertford, eighth earl of Gloucester, he held a variety of positions in the Scottish wars, such as Warden of Scotland and Captain of Scotland.Gilbert de Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Eleanor le Spencer
(fl. 1314)Sister of Gilbert de Clare and Lady Eleanor le Spencer, inherited part of her brother’s estate upon his death.Lady Eleanor le Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Elizabeth de Burgh
(b. between 1294 and 1360, d. 1360)Sister of Gilbert de Clare and Lady Eleanor le Spencer, founder of Clare College in Cambridge.Lady Elizabeth de Burgh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Arnold de Tolinea
Donated money to Grey Friar’s Church.Arnold de Tolinea is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Lisle
Robert de lisle
(b. 1288, d. 1344)1st Baron Lisle, Franciscan monk in Grey Friar’s Church.Robert de Lisle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew de Almain
Donated money to Grey Friar’s Church.Bartholomew de Almain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew of the Castle
Bartholomew of the castle
Financed the building of part of Grey Friar’s Church.Bartholomew of the Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Seagrave
(b. 1320, d. 1399)Duchess of Norfolk, buried in Grey Friar’s Church. Stow incorrectly says that she died in 1389.Margaret Seagrave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Winchelsey
Friar at Grey Friar’s Church.Thomas Winchelsey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas of Lyra
(b. 1270, d. 1349)A Franciscan friar from France, one of the most important teachers to practise Biblical exegesis.Nicholas of Lyra is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fisher
(b. 1469, d. 1535)Bishop of Rochester, Cardinal, martryed druing the reign of Henry VIII for refusing to accept the king as the head of the church.John Fisher is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip III
King of France Philip III
(b. 1245b. 1285)King of France. Father of Margaret of France, extended his domian by gaining control of King of England’s land in France..Philip III is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabella
Countess of Bedford Isabella
(b. 1332, d. 1379)Countess of Bedford, daughter of Edward III and wife of Enguerrand de Coucy.Isabella is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Enguerrand de Coucy
(b. 1340b. 1397)Husband of Isabella, countess of Bedford. After the death of Edward III, he repudiated his loyalty to England in favour of France.Enguerrand de Coucy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John, Duke of Brittany is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor
Wife of John, Duke of Brittany.Eleanor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Beatrice
Beatrice Duchess of Brittany
(b. 1312)Duchess of Brittany, wife of John, the second Duke of Brittany.Beatrice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Lyle
Husband of Lady Lyle, buried in Christ’s Church.Sir Robert Lyle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Lyle
Wife of Sir Robert Lyle, buried in Christ’s Church.Lady Lyle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Rivers
Countess of Devon, buried in Christ’s Church.Margaret Rivers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hastings
(d. 1389)Earl of Pembroke, killed during a tournament and buried in Christ’s Church. See related ODNB entry for John Hastings (1287-1325).John Hastings is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Brotherton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter, Bishop of Carbon
Peter Bishop of Carbon
(d. 1331)Bishop of Carbon in Hungary, buried in Christ’s Church.Peter, Bishop of Carbon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Devereux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dynham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitz
Husband of Isabella Fitz, buried in Christ’s Church.William Fitz is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabella Fitz
Wife of William Fitz, buried in Christ’s Church.Isabella Fitz is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Chalon
(fl. 1415-39)Knight, participated in the Agincourt campaign, buried in Christ’s Church.Robert Chalon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chalon
Buried in Christ’s Church..John Chalon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan of the Tower
Queen of Scotland. She recieved her nicknameJoan of the Tower
because she was born in the Tower of London. Buried in Christ’s Church.Joan of the Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip the Bold
Philip II Duke of Burgundy the Bold
(b. 17 January 1342, d. 27 April 1404)Duke of Burgundy. Youngest son of John II of France.Phillip the Bold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Lancaster
John of Lancaster First Duke of Bedford
(b. 1389, d. 1435)First duke of Bedford. Brother to Henry V.John of Lancaster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John II is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Catherine of Valois
Catherine of Valois Queen of England
(b. 27 October 1401, d. 3 January 1437)Queen of England. Consort to Henry V and mother to Henry VI. Grandmother to Henry VII through her secret marriage to Owen Tudor.Catherine of Valois is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Butler
James Butler First Duke of Ormond
(b. 19 October 1610, d. 21 July 1688)First duke of Ormond. Lord lieutenant of Ireland.James Butler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Russell
John Russell Bishop of Lincoln
(b. 1430, d. 30 December 1494)Bishop of Rochester, 1476—80, bishop of Lincoln, 1480—83, and lord chancellor of England, 1483—85.John Russell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Arundel
Thomas Arundel Archbishop of Canterbury
(b. 1353, d. 19 February 1414)Archbishop of Canterbury, 1397 until his death in 1399.Thomas Arundel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Whyte
Sir Thomas Whyte Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1495, d. 12 February 1567)Sheriff of London from 1547—1548 CE. Mayor from 1553—1554 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Founder of St. John’s College, Oxford.Sir Thomas Whyte is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jean Parisot de la Valette
(b. 4 February 1495, d. 21 August 1568)French nobleman. 49th grand master of the Order of Malta and a grand master of the Knights Hospitaller.Jean Parisot de la Valette is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Somerset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey of Monmouth
Geoffrey of Monmouth Bishop of St. Asaph
(d. between 1154? and 1155?)Bishop of St. Asaph and historian.Geoffrey of Monmouth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aeneas
Trojan hero and son of Anchises and the goddess Venus. Early modern Londoners believed Aeneas to be a historical figure and father of the founder of London.Aeneas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lud
King Lud
A mythical king of Britain. Early modern Londoners would believe him to be a historical figure.Lud is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cassivellaunus
British king who appears in Geoffrey of Monouth’s History of the Kings of Britain as Cassibelanus.Cassivellaunus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mandubracius
Son of the Trinovantes who saught Julius Caesar’s protection from Cassivellaunus. He appears in Geoffrey of Monouth’s History of the Kings of Britain.Mandubracius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cingetorix
King Cingetorix
One of four kings of Kent during Caesar’s second expedition to Britain and was an ally of the British King Cassivellaunus.Cingetorix is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Carvilius
King Carvilius
One of the four kings of Kent during Caesar’s second expedition to Britain. Ally of the British King Cassivellaunus.Carvilius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Segovax
King Segovax
One of the four kings of Kent during Caesar’s second expedition to Britain and was an ally of the British King Cassivellaunus.Segovax is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Taximagulus
King Taximagulus
One of the four kings of Kent during Caesar’s second expedition to Britain and was an ally of the British King Cassivellaunus.Taximagulus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Strabo is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Domitian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Claudius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Tacitus
Publius Cornelius Tacitus Gaius Cornelius
Roman orator and public official. Born 56 CE and died circa 120 CE.Tacitus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Suetonius Paulinus
General and governor Gaius Suetonius Paulinus
Roman general best known as the commander who defeated the rebellion of Boudica.Suetonius Paulinus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gnaeus Julius Agricola
General Gnaeus Julius Agricola
Roman general celebrated for his conquests in Britain. Father-in-law to Tacitus.Gnaeus Julius Agricola is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simeon of Durham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Constantine
Flavius Valerius Constantinus Emperor Constantine the Great Constantine I
The first Roman emperor to profess Christianity.Constantine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Empress Helena is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Arcadius
Flavius Arcadius Augustus Emperor
Eastern Roman emperor from 395—408 CE and eldest son of Theodosius 1.Arcadius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Theodosius I
Flavius Theodosius Theodosius the Great Emperor
Roman emporer of the East and then sole emperor of both the east and west of the empire from 378—395 CE.Theodosius I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Vortigern
Vortiger Vortigen
Warlord and possible king of Britian in the 5th century. His existence is shrouded in legend.Vortigern is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William of Malmesbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bede
Saint Saint Bede the Venerable Venerable Bede Baeda Beda
(b. between 672 and 673, d. 735)An English monk at the monastery of Saint Peter at Monkwearmouth who chronicled the history of the English people. Known as the Father of English History.Bede is mentioned in the following documents:
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Claudius Ptolemy
(b. 100, d. 170)Greco-Egyptian writer, mathematician, astronomer, astrologer, and poet from Alexandria.Claudius Ptolemy is mentioned in the following documents:
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Æthelred
Æthelred Lord of Mercia Ealdorman Æthelred of Mercia Æthelred, Lord of the Mercians King
(d. 911)Lord and later king of Mercia.Æthelred is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Fitzroy
Henry Fitzroy Duke of Richmond Earl of Nottingham
(b. 15 June 1519, d. 23 July 1536)Illegitimate son of Henry VIII. Duke of Richmond and earl of Nottingham.Henry Fitzroy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund II is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Godwin
Godwin Earl of Wessex Godwin of Wessex Godƿin Godwine
(b. 1001, d. 1053)Earl of Wessex under the Danish king Cnut the Great.Godwin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger of Wendover is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Shadworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Large is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mathewe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Revell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Combes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sweyn Forkbeard
Sweyn Sven Forkbeard King
King of Denmark, 1000—1014 CE and England, 1013—1014 CE. Father of Cnut I the Great.Sweyn Forkbeard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard of Dover
Richard of Dover Archbishop of Canterbury
Archbishop of Canterbury from 1174—1184 CE.Richard of Dover is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Welles
John Welles Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1420—1421 CE. Mayor from 1431—1432 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company.John Welles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Breakspeare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Blund
William Blund Sheriff William Bluntiuars
Sheriff of London from 1209—1210 CE and from 1216—1217 CE.William Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Baldock
Robert Baldock de Baldock Lord Privy Seal Lord Chancellor of England Archdeacon of Middlesex
Lord Privy Seal and Lord Chancellor of England during Edward II’s reign.Robert Baldock is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Poutney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Coventre
Reedified the jail at Newgate in 1422 CE and was executor to Richard Whittington.John Coventre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Janken Carpenter
Janeken Carpenter
Reedified the jail at Newgate in 1422 CE and was executor to Richard Whittington.Janken Carpenter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Linsled
Bartholomew Linsled Fowle
Last Prior of St. Marie Overie in the Southwark Cathedral.Bartholomew Linsled is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Arden
Along with his son, Thomas gave the monkes of Barmondsey the church of St. George in Southwarke in 1122.Thomas Arden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Luffa is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cunobeline
Cunobeline Pre-Roman King in Britain Cymbeline King Beline Cunobelinus
(d. 40)A king in pre-Roman Britain, later dramatized in Shakespeare’s Cymbeline.Cunobeline is mentioned in the following documents:
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Roger Coggar
Buried in St. Botolph, Billingsgate.Roger Coggar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Pikeman
Husband of Joan Pikeman.Andrew Pikeman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Pikeman
Wife of Andrew Pikeman.Joan Pikeman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Jamys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Raynewell
His father, William Raynewell, was the mayor.John Raynewell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Raynewell
Father of John Raynewell.William Raynewell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bacon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hackney
Husband to Alice Hackney.Richard Hackney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Hackney
Wife of Richard Hackney.Alice Hackney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mordan
Fishmonger.John Mordan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cambridge
Mayor of London.William Cambridge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Phillip
Seargent at Arms.William Phillip is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Blanke
Thomas Blanke Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1514, d. 1588)Sheriff of London from 1574—1575 CE. Mayor from 1582—1583 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Had the misfortune of obtaining that role during the plague.Thomas Blanke is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Holstocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Bamme
Adam Bamme Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1382—1383 CE. Mayor from 1390—1391 CE and from 1396—1397 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Father of Richard Bamme.Adam Bamme is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Bamme
Son of Adam Bamme.Richard Bamme is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walton
Gentleman.John Walton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Marpor
Gentleman.Marpor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stokker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Drylande
Husband of Katherine Drylande.Richard Drylande is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Drylande
Wife of Richard Drylande and daughter of Morrice Brune.Katherine Drylande is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Morrice Brune
Lord of Southuckenton and father of Katherine Drylande.Morrice Brune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Partryche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Forman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Mounforde
Buried in St. George church.James Mounforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Gayle
Buried in St. George church.Thomas Gayle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Wilforde
Husband of Elizabeth Wilforde. Buried at St. Pancras church.Nicholas Wilforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Wilforde
Wife of Nicholas Wilforde.Elizabeth Wilforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Heywarde
Buried in St. George church.Edward Heywarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Hill
Thomas Hill Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1474—1475 CE. Mayor from 1484—1485 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Sir Thomas Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Yevele is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John French
Baker and yeoman.John French is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Clarke
Fishmonger.Robert Clarke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Turke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Stede is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Morgan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter of Colechurch
Peter of Colechurch Peter de Colechurch
(d. 1205)Priest of the London parish of St. Mary Colechurch. Organizer of the rebuilding of London Bridge.Peter of Colechurch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Serle Mercer
Serle Mercer Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1206—1207 CE. Mayor from 1214—1215 CE and from 1217—1222 CE. Finished the rebuilding of the London Bridge.Serle Mercer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Almaine
WIilliam Almaine
Merchant of London who finished the rebuilding of the London Bridge.William Almaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict Botewrite
Merchant of London who finished the rebuilding of the London Bridge.Benedict Botewrite is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Britaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
David Lindsay
David Lindsay 1st Earl of Crawford
Won a jousting contest against Lord Welles that took place on the London Bridge.David Lindsay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Welles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Branch
Girdler.Robert Branch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Belgrave
Girdler.Robert Belgrave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Brame
Fishmonger.William Brame is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Harding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Byfeld is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Low
Merchant Tailor.Simon Low is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Melker
Referred to by Stow as a special builder.William Melker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dogget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Dogget
Wife of John Dogget.Alice Dogget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dogget
Gave lands to St. Leonard, Eastcheap.William Dogget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Harding
Salter.John Harding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sturgeon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Gascoigne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Francis Barnham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Long
Esquire of Bedfordshire.John Long is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wikenson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Lawdrell
Tailor.William Lawdrell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Miners
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.John Miners is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Kettle
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.William Kettle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Merston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cavendish is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Odiham
Chamberlain.Richard Odiham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Olney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert March
Stockfishmonger.Robert March is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Radwell
Stockfishmonger.John Radwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Gower
Father of Edward Gower.George Gower is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Gower
Son of George Gower.Edward Gower is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alexander Purpoint
Fishmonger.Alexander Purpoint is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Burel
Gentleman of Gray’s Inn.Andrew Burel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Shrow
Stockfishmonger.John Shrow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fenkyll is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pattessey
Mayor of London.John Pattessey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ewan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Brudge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Faireford
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Walter Faireford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alexander Heyband
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Alexander Heyband is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Motte
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.John Motte is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gramstone
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.John Gramstone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Barre
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Robert Barre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bucke
William Bucke William Buck
A tailor in the year 1494 CE. Donated 100 marks to the repairing of the conduits of London.William Bucke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Thomason
Late wife to Sir John Percival. Donor to the Holborn conduit.Dame Thomason is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabella of Valois
Queen consort of England as the second spouse of King Richard II. Not to be confused with the literary character, Isabella of Valois.Isabella of Valois is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Ascue
Widow to Sir Christopher Ascue. Donor to the conduites of London.Lady Ascue is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Josselyn
Sir Ralph Josselyn Mayor Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1458—1459 CE. Mayor from 1464—1465 CE and from 1476—1477 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.Sir Ralph Josselyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bevis Bulmer
Bevis Bulmer
(d. 1613)An English gentleman and engineer who, in the year 1594 CE, supplied a new forcier that allowed Thames water to be supplied to west London.Sir Bevis Bulmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne of Lodbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Sanford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brampton
Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.John Brampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adrian Arten
From the Netherlands.Adrian Arten is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Hewett is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Tabinham
Alderman.Raph Tabinham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Winslow
Husband of Alice Winslow.Thomas Winslow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Winslow
Wife of Thomas Winslow.Alice Winslow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict Reding
Buried in St. Martin Orgar.Benedict Reding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Harding
Buried in St. Martin Orgar.Thomas Harding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Smith
Buried in St. Martin Orgar.James Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Gainford
Esquire.Richard Gainford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bold
Buried in St. Martin Orgar.John Bold is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Radcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Radcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Beswicke
Alderman.Beswicke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Browne
Buried in St. Martin Orgar. Not to be confused with Robert Browne, esquire.Robert Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen de Fulborne
Landowner.Stephen de Fulborne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Haverlock is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Organ is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Forest is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Erio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Morsted
Thomas Morstead
(d. 1436)Surgeon to Henry IV, Henry V, and Henry VI, d. 1436, buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Thomas Morsted is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Breakspeare
(d. 1400)Chaplain. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Adam Breakspeare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Kerkbie
Mercer. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.William Kerkbie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Belwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gabriel Rave (Raue)
(d. 1511)Fuller, d.? 1511, buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Gabriel Rave (Raue) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Wentworth Esquire
Wentworth
(d. 1510)Esquire. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Wentworth Esquire is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Michell
(d. 1527)Ironmonger. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Thomas Michell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Giles
Gabriel Dewes
(d. 1511)Servant to Henry VII, Clerk for Libraries to Henry VIII, French master to Prince Arthur and Lady Mary. Fuller. buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Giles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Arthur Tudor
(b. 1486, d. 1502)Prince, son and heir of Henry VII. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Arthur Tudor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Chamberlain
Richard Chamberlain Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1562—1563 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Likely father of John Chamberlain. Buried in the parish church of St. Olave‘s in Coleman Street Ward.Richard Chamberlain is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Burlac is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stent
Porter or keeper of the King‘s Pallace in the Old Jewry.John Stent is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Coleman
Son of Robert Coleman. Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Reginald Coleman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Coleman
Father of Reginald Coleman, said by Stow to the first builder of Coleman Street. Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Robert Coleman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Brian Tewke
Brian Tewke
Treasurer of the chamber to King Henry VIII, buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Sir Brian Tewke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Grisilde Tewke
Grisilde Tewke
Wife of Sir Brian Tewke, buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Dame Grisilde Tewke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fetiplace, Esquire
John Fetiplace
(d. 1464)Draper. Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.John Fetiplace, Esquire is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Fetiplace, Esquire
Joan Fetiplace
Wife of John Fetiplace Esquire. Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Joan Fetiplace, Esquire is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Wyche
Father to Sir Hugh Wyche. Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Richard Wyche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Leighs
John Leighs
Buried in the parish church of St. Margaret, Lothbury, in Coleman Street Ward.Sir John Leighs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Bradbury
Thomas Bradbury Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1509)Sheriff of London from 1498—1499 CE. Mayor from 1509—1510 CE. Member of the Merces’ Company. Buried in the parish church of St. Stephen, in Coleman Street Ward.Sir Thomas Bradbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Garme
John Garme
(d. 1468)Described asSkirringham
(birthplace?) by Stow. Buried in the parish church of St. Stephen, in Coleman Street Ward.Sir John Garme is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hamney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Colsel
Buried in the parish church of St. Stephen, in Coleman Street Ward.Richard Colsel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Michael is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Becket
Saint Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury
(b. 21 December 1120, d. 29 December 1170)Archbishop of Canterbury. Venerated as a saint and martyr after being assassinated in 1170.Thomas Becket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hubert Walter
Hubert Walter Archbishop of Canterbury
(d. 13 July 1205)Chief justiciar of England, 1193—1198, archbishop of Canterbury, 1193—1205, and lord chancellor, 1199—1205.Hubert Walter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh de Buch
Principal magistrate of Bassinghall Ward, c. 1100—1135.Hugh de Buch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Mandeville
(d. in or before 1130)Constable of the Tower of London and son of Geoffrey de Mandeville.William de Mandeville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Mandeville
Geoffrey de Mandeville First Earl of Essex
(d. 26 September 1144)First earl of Essex. Constable of the Tower of London and sheriff during the reign of King Stephen. Son of William de Mandeville.Geoffrey de Mandeville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aubrey de Vere
Aubrey de Vere First Earl of Oxford
(d. 1194)First earl of Oxford and count of Guînes. Grandson of Aubrey de Vere.Aubrey de Vere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Becket
Principal magistrate of Bassinghall Ward in the early-twelfth century. Father of Thomas Becket.Gilbert Becket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Fitz Walter
Sheriff of London during the reign of King Henry II.Peter Fitz Walter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fitz Nigel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saloman Bassing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Bassing
Baron and suposed sheriff of London.Hugh Bassing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Bassing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bassing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bassing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bakewell
Inhabitant of Blackwell Hall from 1369—1397.Thomas Bakewell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Frosh
Citizen and mercer of London.John Frosh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Speleman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard May is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Barton
Mercer and benefactor to the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.John Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Barton
Wife of John Barton and benefactor to the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Agnes Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Francis Cooke
Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Francis Cooke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Martin
Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall. Not to be confused with the sheriff John Martin.John Martin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Bromflit
(d. 1460)Esquire of Warwickshire. Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Edward Bromflit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Barnes
Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Richard Barnes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Roger Roe
Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Sir Roger Roe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir James Yarford
Sir James Yarford Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1514—1515 CE. Mayor from 1519—1520 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried in a special chapel on the north side of the quire of the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Sir James Yarford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Gresham
Sir John Gresham Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1537—1538 CE. Mayor from 1547—1548 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Sir John Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Ayliffe
Sir John Ayliffe Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1548—1549 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Sir John Ayliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Backhouse
Nicholas Backhouse Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1576—1577 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall.Nicholas Backhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hend
John Hend Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1381—1382 CE. Mayor from 1391—1392 CE and from 1404—1405 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried at the Church of St. Swithen.John Hend is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Depham
Alderman. Buried at the Church of St. Swithen.Roger Depham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William White
William White Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1482—1483 CE. Mayor from 1489—1490 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried at the Church of St. Swithen.William White is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Empson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Dudley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ambrose Nicholas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
King Æthelstan
Æthelstan
(b. 893, d. 939)King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924—927and King of the English from 927—939.King Æthelstan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hammond Chickwell
Mayor of London.Hammond Chickwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wynger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hatfield
Buried at St. Mary Woolchurch in 1467.Richard Hatfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Deoly
Buried at St. Mary Woolchurch in 1467.Edward Deoly is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Handford
Buried at St. Mary Woolchurch.John Handford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Archer
Fishmonger. Buried at St. Mary Woolchurch in 1487.John Archer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Staundon
William Staundon Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1476—1477 CE. Mayor from 1392—1393 CE and from 1407—1408 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company.William Staundon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Wittingham
Draper.Robert Wittingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Leigh
Richard Leigh Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1452—1453 CE. Mayor from 1460—1461 CE and from 1469—1470 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company.Richard Leigh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Southwell
First parson of St. Stephen Walbrook.Thomas Southwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dunstaple is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Rowland Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Pope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Pope
Wife of Thomas Pope.Margaret Pope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kirkby
Grocer. Not to be confused with John Kirkby.John Kirkby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Yorke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Jakman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Achley
Grocer, buried at Walbrooke Ward.Richard Achley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Owen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Baker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Gore
Merchant.Thomas Gore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Combarton
Skinner. Buried at St. John The Baptist, Walbrook.William Combarton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Taylor
Sheriff in the year 1464 and buried at St. John The Baptist, Walbrook. Not to be confused with thewater poet
John Taylor.John Taylor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John West
Buried at St. John The Baptist, Walbrook in the year 1408.John West is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Cobham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Geoffrey Scrope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Grantham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Dodmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard, Earl of Cornwall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gerard Marbod
Alderman.Gerard Marbod is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Cussarde
Donated funds to build Bishopsgate.Ralph de Cussarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ludero de Denevar
Donated funds to build Bishopsgate.Ludero de Denevar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Arras is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartram of Hamburg is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Godestalke of Hundondale is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Lions is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Lichefield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brickles
Draper, buried at All Hallows the Great in the year 1451.John Brickles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Campion
Brewer and father of Abraham Campion.Henry Campion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Abraham Campion
Brewer and son of Henry Campion.Abraham Campion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Abel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger le Brabason
Constable of the Tower of London during the years 1199—1200.Roger le Brabason is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Androgeus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Themantius
Son of Kind Lud.Themantius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cassius Dio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Septimius Severus
Septimius Severus Emperor Lucius Septimius Severus Augustus
Roman emperor from 193—211.Septimius Severus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alectus the Tyrant
Slain in one of London’s fields in the year 296.Alectus the Tyrant is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bennet Abbot of Wirall
Master to the reverend Bede.Bennet Abbot of Wirall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Antoninus Pius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ethelfled
Daughter of King Alfred.Ethelfled is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Marianus of Florence is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Randulph Cocshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Jordan
Keeper of the bridge.William Jordan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Bauer
Keeper of the bridge.John de Bauer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joseph Holland
Gentleman.Joseph Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Pontlearche
William Pontlearche
Witness to a contract between Henry I and Ralph de Luffa.William de Pontlearche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Stow
Draper.Henry Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Hartford
Son of William Hartford.Robert Hartford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hartford
Father of Robert Hartford.William Hartford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Maude Hartford
Married to Sir Stephen Cosenton. Daughter of Robert Hartford and one of his inheritors.Maude Hartford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Raph Bigot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bigot
Son of Idonia Hartford and Sir Raph Bigot.John Bigot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Cosenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Cosenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brikels
Brikels Lane, now called Harbour Lane, was named after him.John Brikels is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Gisors
John Gisors Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1240—1241 CE and from 1245—1246 CE. Mayor from 1245—1246 CE and from 1258—1259 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company. Constable of the Tower.John de Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Picard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Stodie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Adrian
Vintner.John Adrian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Oxenford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William More is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lewis John
London merchant.Lewis John is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Scogan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Whittington
Wife of Richard Whittington.Alice Whittington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Whittington
William Whittington
Father of Richard Whittington and husband of Joan Whittington.Sir William Whittington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Whittington
Mother of Richard Whittington and wife of Sir William Whittington.Joan Whittington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Fitzwarren
Husband of Molde Fitzwarren.Hugh Fitzwarren is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Molde Fitzwarren
Wife of Hugh Fitzwarren.Molde Fitzwarren is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Grove
William Grive
Reedified the jail at Newgate in 1422 CE. Co-executor of Richard Whittington’s will.William Grove is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Windford
Alderman. Buried at St. Michael Paternoster Royal in 1448.Thomas Windford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Arnold Macknam
Vintner. Buried at St. Michael Paternoster Royal in 1457.Arnold Macknam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hartank Van Clux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edmund Mulshew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cockham
Recorder of London.Thomas Cockham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Brother Norman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Casiarin
Land owner.Richard Casiarin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Crispie
Land owner.Robert Crispie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alwyne
Bishop of Helmeham.Alwyne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wakering
Master of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.John Wakering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Askew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Oldhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Barnocke
Buried in 1466.William Barnocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Yonge
John Yonge Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1455—1456 CE. Mayor from 1466—1467 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Father of Agnes Young.Sir John Yonge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Young is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Sherington
First husband of Agnes Young.Robert Sherington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Mulleneux
Second husband of Agnes Young.Robert Mulleneux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cheyney
Third husband of Agnes Young.William Cheyney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Having
A gentleman.John Having is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Roswell
Clerk of the Crown.William Roswell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Postar
Clerk of the Crown.William Postar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Bailey
William Bailey Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1515—1516 CE. Mayor from 1524—1525 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Husband of Katherine Bailey.Sir William Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Bailey
Wife of Sir William Bailey.Katherine Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Heydon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Beames
Tenement owner.Simon Beames is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Causton
Merchant.Henry Causton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Romaine
Held a chantry at St. Thomas Apostle.Thomas Romaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Martin
John Martin Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1532—1533 CE. Believed to be a butcher. Buried at the Church of St. Michael in Bassinges Hall. Not to be confused with the John Martin.John Martin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William of Ypres
William
(b. 1090, d. 1165)Count of Flanders and Chief Lieutenant for King Stephen during the 12th century English civil wars.William of Ypres is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Empress Matilda is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert, First Earl of Gloucester
Robert Fitzroy
(b. 1100, d. 1147)Illegitimate son of King Henry I.Robert, First Earl of Gloucester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matthew Columbars
Merchant.Matthew Columbars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Gisors
Sir John Gisors Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1282)Sheriff of London from 1240—1241 CE and from 1245—1246 CE. Mayor from 1245—1246 CE and from 1258—1259 CE. Father of Henry Gisors and John (II) Gisors.Sir John Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry de Gisors
Henry de Gisors Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1329—1330 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company. Son of John Gisors and brother of John (II) Gisors.Henry de Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John (II) Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Gisors
(d. 1350)Thomas Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Venner
Buried at St. Mildred church.Henry Venner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew de la Vauch
Buried at St. Mildred church.Bartholomew de la Vauch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cornwallis
Thomas Cornwallis Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1378—1379 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried at St. Mildred church.Thomas Cornwallis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cornwallis
Buried at St. Mildred church.John Cornwallis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mustrell
Vintner, buried at St. Mildred church.John Mustrell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hodson
Buried at St. Mildred church.William Hodson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Castleton
Buried at St. Mildred church.William Castleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Grey
Buried at St. Mildred church. Not to be confused with John Grey.John Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Dalusse
Buried at St. Mildred church.Robert Dalusse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Austrie
Son of Sir Ralph Austrie, also buried at St. Mildred church.William Austrie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartrand Austrie
Daughter of Sir Ralph Austrie, wife of Grimond Descure, and also buried at St. Mildred church.Bartrand Austrie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Grimond Descure
Vintner, son-in-law of Sir Ralph Austrie, husband of Bartrand Austrie, and also buried at St. Mildred church.Grimond Descure is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Batson
Buried at St. Mildred church.Thomas Batson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Fowler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Howton
Father of Alice Fowler. Buried at St. Mildred church.John Howton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hulton
Husband of Alice Fowler. Buried at St. Mildred church.John Hulton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Bartlet
Husband of Alice Bartlet. Buried at St. Mildred church.James Bartlet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Bartlet
Wife of James Bartlet. Buried at St. Mildred church.Alice Bartlet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rabbi Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rabbi Isaac is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Northampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matthew Phillip is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Cotton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Stockar
Buried in St. Mildred, Bread Street.Robert Stockar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pemberton
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.John Pemberton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip de Plaffe
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.Phillip de Plaffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stapleton
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.John Stapleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Mortimer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Eleanor Mortimer
Wife of Sir John Mortimer. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Dame Eleanor Mortimer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Lee
Buried in St. Mary, Abchurch.William Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hamstead
Keeper of the King’s Exchaunge.William Hamstead is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Rothyng
Richard de Rothyng Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1326—1327 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company. Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Richard de Rothyng is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Goodcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Crissingham
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.John de Crissingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Withers
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.John Withers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Gabeter
Mayor of Newcastle upon Tyne and buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Robert Gabeter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Grisors
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.John Grisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Tillingham
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.William Tillingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stanley
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.John Stanley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Staha
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Nicholas Staha is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Luton
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Robert de Luton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stonarde
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Thomas Stonarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bromar
John Bromar Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1466—1467 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.John Bromar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Stanley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Herbert
(b. 1100, d. 1147)Also known as Anne Parr, lady-in-waiting to the wives of Henry VIII.Anne Herbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Bovet
Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Gilbert Bovet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir James Spencer
Sir James Spencer Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1518—1519 CE. Mayor from 1527—1528 CE. Member of the Vintners’ Company. Buried at St. James Garlickhithe.Sir James Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Allen le Sopar
According to Stow, Allen le Sopar is where Soper Lane received its namesake.Allen le Sopar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Knowles
Thomas Knowles Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1394—1395 CE. Mayor from 1399—1400 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Father of Thomas Knowles (II) and husband of Joan Knowles.Thomas Knowles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Knowles (II) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Knowles
Wife of Thomas Knowles and mother of Thomas Knowles (II).Joan Knowles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Holland
Mercer and buried at St. Anthony church. Not to be confused with Thomas Holland, first duke of Surrey.Thomas Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Windent
Husband of Katherine Windent. Mercer and alderman. Buried at St. Anthony church.Thomas Windent is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Windent
Wife of Thomas Windent. Buried at St. Anthony church.Katherine Windent is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hinde
Buried at St. Anthony church. Benefactor to St. Anthony church, St. Mary Aldermary church, and St. Mary-le-Bow church.Thomas Hinde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Acton
Merchant tailor. Buried at St. Anthony church. Not to be confused with Hugh Acton.Hugh Acton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Streete
Grocer. Buried at St. Anthony church.Simon Streete is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dauntsey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Collet
Henry Collet Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1477—1478 CE. Mayor of London from 1486—1487 CE and from 1495—1496 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Benefactor of St. Anthony church but buried elsewhere.Henry Collet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Halton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Spight
Merchant tailor. Buried at St. Anthony church.Thomas Spight is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Henry Kebyll
Sir Henry Kebyll Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1518)Sheriff of London from 1502—1503 CE. Mayor from 1510—1511 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried at St. Mary Aldermary.Sir Henry Kebyll is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Chaucer
(d. 1348)Vintner. Potentially the grandfather of Geoffrey Chaucer and father of John Chaucer. Buried at St. Mary Aldermary. Misidentified by Stow as the father of Geoffrey Chaucer.Richard Chaucer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Briton
Buried at St. Mary Aldermary.John Briton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Holland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Taillour is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Herbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Laxton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Abbot Vitalis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund of Hadenham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gundulf of Rochester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitz Osbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Crepyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Laurence Ducket
Goldsmith. Notable for mortally wounding Ralph Crepyn, the first town clerk of London.Laurence Ducket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Atte-Bow
Mistress of Ralph Crepyn.Alice Atte-Bow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rodham
Tailor. Donated a garden-space to St. Mary-Le-Bow Churchyard in 1465.John Rodham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Doune
Mercer. Donated two tenements to St. Mary-Le-Bow Church.John Doune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Longdon
Held the trust for John Doune.Reginald Longdon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hawes
John Hawes Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1500—1501 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Donated funds to help build the St. Mary-Le-Bow steeple that was finished by 1512.John Hawes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Doctor Allen
Allen
Doctor. Donated funds to help build the St. Mary-Le-Bow steeple that was finished by 1512.Doctor Allen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Copland
Tailor. Churchwarden of St. Mary-Le-Bow.William Copland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Fuller
Mercer. Churchwarden of St. Mary-Le-Bow.Andrew Fuller is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Lambert
Alderman, buried at St. Mary-Le-Bow.Richard Lambert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Ailwyn
Nicholas Ailwyn Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1494—1495 CE. Mayor from 1487—1500 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Mary-Le-Bow.Nicholas Ailwyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lok is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Bankes
Edward Bankes Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1563—1564 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Buried at St. Mary-Le-Bow.Edward Bankes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warde
Buried at St. Mary-Le-Bow.John Warde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ade de Buke
Hatter. Contributed to the construction of St. Mary-Le-Bow chapel. Buried in St. Mary-Le-Bow.Ade de Buke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Giles of Andwarp
Received 200 markes from King Edward I’s treasury.Giles of Andwarp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Constantine Fitz Aelulfe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Falkes de Breauté
Falkes de Breauté Sir Sir Fulk de Brent
Anglo-Norman soldier who earned high office by loyally serving King John and King Henry III in the First Barons’ War.Falkes de Breauté is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margery Goodcheap
Wife of Richard Goodcheap.Margery Goodcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jordan Goodcheap
Father of Richard Goodcheap.Jordan Goodcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dalings
Mercer and apprentice of Richard Goodcheap.John Dalings is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Buckle
A grocer who died on Bucklersbury street, which was thus named after him.Buckle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict Shorne
Fishmonger and benefactor to St. Benet Sherehog church.Benedict Shorne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Lincolne
Fellmonger and buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Richard Lincolne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fresshe
John Fresshe Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1384—1385 CE. Mayor from 1394—1395 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.John Fresshe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Rochford
John Rochford
(b. 1350, d. 1410)Administrator and historical compiler, buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Sir John Rochford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Rochforde
Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Robert Rochforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Holde
Alderman. Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.John Holde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Warrington
Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Edward Warrington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Morrice
Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.John Morrice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Huntley
Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.John Huntley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Warren
Ralph Warren Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1483, d. 1553)Sheriff of London from 1528—1529 CE. Mayor from 1536—1537 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Benet Sherehog church.Sir Ralph Warren is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Aker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Beston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Rayland
Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Rayland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hamber
Buried at St. Pancras church.John Hamber is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gage
Buried at St. Pancras church.John Gage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rowley
Buried at St. Pancras church.John Rowley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lambe
Buried at St. Pancras church.John Lambe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hadley
John Hadley Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1375—1376 CE. Mayor from 1379—1380 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried at St. Pancras church.John Hadley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Griffith of Wales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Llywelyn ap Gruffydd
Llywelyn ap Gruffydd Llywelyn the Last Leoline King of Wales
King of Wales and father of Griffith of Wales.Llywelyn ap Gruffydd is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Othon
Constable of the Tower of London in 1265 CE.Othon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Lestrange
Beheaded Llywelyn, King of Wales, in 1282.Roger Lestrange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Roger Mortimer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Mortimer de Chirk
Soldier and nobleman. Uncle of Sir Roger Mortimer.Roger Mortimer de Chirk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Percivall de Porte
Master of the coin under Richard III.Percivall de Porte is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Burghrede is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward the Elder
Son of Alfred the Great and king of the Anglo-Saxons.Edward the Elder is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Plegmond
Plegemund Archbishop of Canterbury
Appointed Archbishop of Canterbury by King Alfred in 890 CE.Plegmond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Beaumont is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Numa Pompilius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Edington
Bishop of Winchester and treasurer of England.William Edington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Sudbery
Archbishop of Canterbury and Lord chancellor of England who was executed on Tower Hill by the rebels of Kent.Simon Sudbery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robart Hales
Prior of St. John’s and treasurer of England who was executed on Tower Hill by the rebels of Kent.Robart Hales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Appleton
Friar and Confessor to Richard II who was beheaded on Tower Hill by the rebels of Kent.William Appleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Legge
John Legge Legg
The King’s Sergeant of Richard II who was beheaded on Tower Hill by the rebels of Kent.John Legge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Pulteney
Father of Sir John de Pulteney.Adam de Pulteney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret de Pulteney
Wife of Sir John de Pulteney.Margaret de Pulteney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Pulteney
Son of Sir John de Pulteney.William de Pulteney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Hereford
Tenement owner in Cold Harbour.Robert de Hereford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas de Loveyne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip S. Cleare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cuthbert Tunstall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Gardiner
Richard Gardiner Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1489)Sheriff of London from 1469—1470 CE. Mayor from 1478—1479 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Pancras church.Richard Gardiner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Stokton
Sir John Stockton
Sheriff of London from 1466—1467 CE. Mayor of London from 1470—1471 CE.Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Pancras church.Sir John Stokton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dane
Mercer. Buried at St. Pancras church.John Dane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Parker
Buried at St. Pancras church.John Parker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Corcheforde
Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Corcheforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Hatfield
Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Hatfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Hatfielde
Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Hatfielde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wilforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Burley
Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Burley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Wilson
Buried at St. Pancras church.Richard Wilson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Packenton
Mercer. Murdered while going to mass on November 13th, 1536. Buried at St. Pancras church.Robert Packenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wardbury
Haberdasher. Buried at St. Pancras church.Thomas Wardbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Huish
Grocer. Buried at St. Pancras church.James Huish is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Abunden
Mayor of London.Stephen Abunden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ham
Sheriff of London. Rebuilt the conduit on Cheapside Street.Thomas Ham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Saxton
Parson. Donated funds to help renovate St. Mildred church.John Saxton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lovell
Benefactor of St. Mildred church.Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pury
Benefactor of St. Mildred church.Pury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Keston
Benefactor of St. Mildred church.Richard Keston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Archehull
Churchwarden at St. Mildred church in the year 1455.Thomas Archehull is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hildy
Poulter. Buried at St. Mildred church.John Hildy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kendall
Buried at St. Mildred church.John Kendall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bois
Poulter. Buried at St. Mildred church.Robert Bois is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Lee
Poulter. Buried at St. Mildred church.Simon Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Oldecastle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Whitlooke
An escaped prisoner from the Tower of London.Whitlooke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Friar Randulph
Randulph Friar
A friar who was sent to the Tower of London and who was slain in 1419 CE.Friar Randulph is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Catherine Howard
Catherine Howard Queen
The fifth wife of Henry VIII and queen of England from 1540-1541 CE. Executed on the grounds of treason.Catherine Howard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Langley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Neville
Thomas Neville Thomas Fauconberg Thomas the Bastard Bastard of Fauconberg
Notable sailor who received the freedom from the City of London in 1454 CE to eliminate pirates from the Channel and the North Sea. Not to be confused with the fifth baron of Furnivall, Thomas Neville.Thomas Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gervase of Tilbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lee
Gentleman of Essex. Buried at St. Mildred church.Thomas Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Haclingridge
Buried at St. Mildred church.William Haclingridge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Feliocke
Buried at St. Mildred church.Christopher Feliocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Dreyton
Skinner. Buried at St. Mildred church.Robert Dreyton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Christopherson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Turner
Skinner. Buried at St. Mildred church.William Turner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Blase White
Grocer. Buried at St. Mildred church.Blase White is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hobson
Haberdasher. Buried at St. Mildred church.Thomas Hobson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hobson
Haberdasher. Buried at St. Mildred church.William Hobson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Tusser is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Monshampe
Buried at St. Mildred church along with his brother, William Monshampe, in matching ornate marble tombs.Thomas Monshampe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Monshampe
Buried at St. Mildred church along with his brother, Thomas Monshampe, in matching ornate marble tombs.William Monshampe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lonyrunnes
Stow claims that this citizen of London founded St. Mary Coneyhope church.Lonyrunnes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Oswine
Part of a group of grocers who purchased the plot of land for Grocers’ Hall.Richard Oswine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lawrence Halliwell
Part of a group of grocers who purchased the plot of land for Grocers’ Hall.Lawrence Halliwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fitzwalter
(b. 1524, d. 1580)First Baron FitzWalter, part of the larger FitzWalter family Essex nobility.Robert Fitzwalter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Marshall
Brother of Gilbert Marshall. Given license by Henry IV to form the Brotherhood of St. Katherine.William Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Marshall
Brother of William Marshall. Buried at Temple Church.Gilbert Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Baynard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fitz Richard
Inherited Baynard’s Castle from Henry I.Robert Fitz Richard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Earl of Clare
Gillbert Earl of Clare Earl
Father of Robert Fitz Richard. Alive during the reign of Henry I.Gilbert Earl of Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Maude de Sent Licio
Lady of Bradham and wife to Robert Fitz Richard.Maude de Sent Licio is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Fitz Robert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matilde de Becham
First wife of Walter Fitz Richard.Matilde de Becham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matilde de Lucy
Second wife of Walter Fitz Robert and mother of Robert Fitzwalter.Matilde de Lucy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matilde Fitzwalter
Daughter of Robert Fitzwalter.Matilde Fitzwalter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Fitzwilliam
Thomas Fitzwilliam
(d. 1497)Lawyer and speaker in the House of Commons. Husband of Agnes Fitzwilliam.Sir Thomas Fitzwilliam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Fitzwilliam
Wife of Sir Thomas Fitzwilliam.Agnes Fitzwilliam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joan de Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Cavendisshe
Steven Cavendisshe Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1357—1358 CE. Mayor from 1362—1363 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Has a monument in Mercers’ Hall.Stephen Cavendisshe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Cavendish
Has a monument in Mercers’ Hall.William Cavendish is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hungate of Yorkshire is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter FitzRobert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter FitzRobert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fitzwater
Son of Walter FitzRobert and father of Robert Fitz Robert Fitzwater.Robert Fitzwater is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fitz Robert Fitzwater is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alienor
Second wife of Robert Fitzwater.Alienor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John le Blund is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert FitzWalter
Son of Walter Fitz Robert and father of Walter FitzRobert.Robert FitzWalter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard of Shrewsbury
Richard of Shrewsbury Duke of York
Son of Edward IV and brother of Edward V. Mysteriously disappeared shortly after Richard III seized the throne in 1483.Richard of Shrewsbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Mountfiquit
William Mountfiquit Le sir Montfiquit
Baron of Mountfitchet who was the first builder of Montfichet’s Castle.William Mountfiquit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Montfiquit
An inhabitant of Montfichet’s Castle who was exiled by King John.Richard Montfiquit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Kilwardby
Robert Kilwardby Archbishop of Canterbury
Archbishop of Canterbury who began the foundations for the Blackfriars Monastery.Robert Kilwardby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint Michael is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charles V
Charles V Charles I of Spain Holy Roman emperor
Duke of Burgundy and Holy Roman emperor who also ruled the empires of Spain and the Netherlands.Charles V is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert de Clare
Gilbert de Clare 6th earl of Hertford, 7th earl of Gloucester, 9th Lord of Glamorgan, 9th Lord of Clare Red Gilbert de Clare
Powerful English noble who lived from 1243—1295 CE.Gilbert de Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Efforde
Earl of Suffolke.Robert Efforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Frosarde
Mentioned in relation to Wat Tyler and the Peasant Revolt.John Frosarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ambrose Cresacre
Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Ambrose Cresacre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Trusbut
Sheriff. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.John Trusbut is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ilome
Thomas Ilome Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1476—1480 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall. Reported father-in-law of Thomas Shaw.Thomas Ilome is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Danyell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lancelot Laken
Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Lancelot Laken is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Tylney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Garth
No first name provided. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Garth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Ritch
Monument at Mercers’ Hall.John Ritch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Butler
William Butler Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1507—1508 CE. Mayor from 1515—1516 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Sir William Butler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Browne
William Browne Sheriff Mayor
(d. 3 June 1514)Sheriff of London from 1504—1505 CE. Mayor from 1513—1514 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall. Not to be confused with William Brown.Sir William Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Lok is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey Baskerville
Humphrey Baskerville Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1561—1562 CE. Mayor from 1487—1488 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Humphrey Baskerville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir George Bonde
Sir George Bonde Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1578—1579 CE. Mayor from 1587—1588 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Monument at Mercers’ Hall.Sir George Bonde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Laurence of Canterbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Stapledon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lugulphus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edith of Wessex is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Colet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew the Apostle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Lumley
John Lumley 1st Baron Lumley
English aristocrat who gave a series of lectures on anatomy and surgery.John Lumley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Reyner
Sheriff of London.Richard Reyner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Reyner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reyner Wolfe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Winchcombe
Buried in St. Mary, Aldermanbury.Simon Winchcombe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Combarton
Buried in St. Mary, Aldermanbury.Robert Combarton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wheatley
Mercer. Buried in St. Mary, Aldermanbury.John Wheatley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Caldwell
Richard Caldwell Caldwell M.D M.D
An English physician who is known for his part in founding the Lumleian Lectures with John Lumley.Richard Caldwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Forster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hood
English mathmetician and physician and the first lecturer in mathematics appointed in England.Thomas Hood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Smith
Held lectures in his home in Gracechurch street. Not to be confused with Thomas Smith.Thomas Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Anne Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Wotton
Clergyman and religious controversialist who held a lectureship at All Hallows Barking.Anthony Wotton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mathew Guin
Doctor and lecturer.Mathew Guin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Mountlow
Doctor of civil law and lecturer.Henry Mountlow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bull is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Brerewood
An English scholar, antiquary, mathematician, logician, and professor of astronomy.Edward Brerewood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Briggs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Caleb Willis
Lecturer of rhetoric.Caleb Willis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Plato
Philosopher in classical Greece and founder of the first institution of higher learning in the western world.Plato is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rhemus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Romulus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Middleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tomes
Draper.John Tomes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Jenyns
Wife of Stephen Jenyns.Margaret Jenyns is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Woodcocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mary Gresham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Clifford
Referred to as a chronicler by Stow.Thomas Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas fitz-Thomas
Thomas Fitzthomas Mayor
Mayor of London from 1261—1265. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Stow mistakenly calls him Thomas fitz-Richard.Thomas fitz-Thomas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pope Fabian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint Sebastian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Godfrey
Remembrancer of the Office of First Fruits.Thomas Godfrey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
W. Becam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Elsing
Son of Robert Elsing, grandson of William Elsing.Thomas Elsing is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cheney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Cheney
Father of Thomas Cheney.Sir William Cheney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Hungerford
Father of Walter Hungerford.Edmond Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Cheney
Daughter of William Cheney.Joan Cheney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Stokes
Husband of Joan Cheny.William Stokes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Eldarbroke
Esquire. Buried at St. Mary, Aldermanbury.Robert Eldarbroke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Ratcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fowler
Buried at St. Mary, Aldermanbury.William Fowler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Swineley
Buried at St. Mary, Aldermanbury.Thomas Swineley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Helen Swineley
Buried at St. Mary, Aldermanbury.Helen Swineley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Williams is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mitford
Sheriff of London.John Mitford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Kelsey
Buried at St. Mary Magdalen, Milk Street.Henry Kelsey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Muschampe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Helenor Fiennes
Wife of James Fiennes.Helenor Fiennes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Fiennes
(b. 1395, d. 1450)First Baron of Saye and Sele, beheaded by an angry mob of rebels. Husband of Helenor Fiennes.James Fiennes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Elderton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jesus Christ is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Fanelore
Donated a dwelling house to his local parish.Peter Fanelore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Barnard
Played a part in building the Guildhall.John Barnard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Langford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Stomine
Has a tomb at Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, Guildhall.Richard Stomine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Clipston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Alison
Priest and librarian at Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, Guildhall.Edmund Alison is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Burie
Helped build the library at Guildhall.William Burie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Fortescue
Wife of John Fortescue, buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Elizabeth Fortescue is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Stoketon
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Katherine Stoketon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stratton
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Stratton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip Albert
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Phillip Albert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fleming
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Fleming is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Phillip Agmondesham
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Phillip Agmondesham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Skywith
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.William Skywith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norlong
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Norlong is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Baker
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Baker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Alleyne
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Thomas Alleyne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Barton
Mercer, buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.William Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Melreth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Barlet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Chertsey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Rich
(b. 1496, d. 1567)First Baron Rich, Lord Chancellor, and founder of Felsted School. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Richard Rich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rich
Son of Richard Rich (II).John Rich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Rich
Son of John Rich.Thomas Rich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard L. Rich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pickering
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Pickering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffery Boleyn
Geoffery Boleyn Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1446—1447 CE. Mayor from 1457—1458 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Father of Thomas Bollen. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Geoffery Boleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffery Boleyn
Esquire of Norfolk. Son of Geoffery Boleyn. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Geoffery Boleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Atkinson
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Atkinson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Mary S. Maure is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Waltham
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Waltham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Bonifant
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Roger Bonifant is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chayhee
Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.John Chayhee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Feldynge
Geoffrey Feldynge Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1445—1446 CE. Mayor from 1452—1453 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Husband of Angell Fielding. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Geoffrey Feldynge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Angell Fielding
Wife of Geoffrey Fielding. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Angell Fielding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Benington
Husband of Joan Benington. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Simon Benington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Benington
Wife of Simon Benington. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Joan Benington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Burgoine
Mercer. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Thomas Burgoine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Michael Dormer
Michael Dormer Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1545)Sheriff of London from 1529—1530 CE. Mayor from 1541—1542 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Sir Michael Dormer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward de Mountaoute is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Gladwine
Owner of a tenement in Queenhithe Ward.William Gladwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Andrew Aubrey
Andrew Aubrey Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1356)Sheriff of London from 1331—1332 CE. Mayor from 1339—1341 CE and from 1351—1352 CE. Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.Andrew Aubrey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Fryar
Mercer. Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey. He also donated the land that the abbey used as a burial ground.Thomas Fryar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Madefray is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pylot
Donated lands to St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.John Pylot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Calfee
Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.John Calfee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Coggeshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Esgastone
Fishmonger. Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.Richard Esgastone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Walberge
Fishmonger. Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.Richard Walberge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Padington
Fishmonger. Buried at St. Nicholas Cole Abbey.Thomas Padington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John of Eltham
John Earl of Cornwall
(b. 1316, d. 1336)First Earl of Cornwall, second son of Edward II.John of Eltham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Newport
William Newport Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1375—1376 CE. Member of the Fishmongers’ Company. Buried at St. Nicholas Olave.William Newport is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Willowes
Parson. Buried at St. Nicholas Olave.Richard Willowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Sturges
Fishmonger. Buried at St. Nicholas Olave.Richard Sturges is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lewen
Thomas Lewen Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1537—1538 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Husband of Agnes Lewen. Buried at St. Nicholas Olave.Thomas Lewen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Lewen
Wife of Thomas Lewen. Buried at St. Nicholas Olave.Agnes Lewen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph de Maidstone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charles Booth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Glocester
Alderman. Buried at St. Mary Mounthaw.John Glocester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bealknap is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William of Wykeham
William Bishop of Winchester
(b. 1324, d. 1404)Bishop of Winchester and Chancellor of England. He also founded New College Oxford.William of Wykeham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Merlawe
Richard Merlawe Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1402—1403 CE. Mayor from 1409—1410 CE and from 1417—1418 CE. Possible member of the Ironmongers’ Company or the Fishmongers’ Company.Richard Merlawe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Gray
Ironmonger, sheriff of London. Not to be confused with Sir Richard Gray.Richard Gray is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Theobald is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Lucia
Witness of a donation to St. Katherine’s Hospital.Richard de Lucia is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Picot
Witness of a donation to St. Katherine’s Hospital.Ralph Picot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William of York is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry of Bath is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jeremy of Caxton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Fitz Nicholl
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.Ralph Fitz Nicholl is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brithem
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.John Brithem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Brithem
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.William Brithem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Paulin Painter
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.Paulin Painter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Wancia
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.Ralph Wancia is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gumbaud
Witness to a contract agreement between Richard of Cornwall and then mayor John Gisors regarding Queenhithe Ward.John Gumbaud is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret de Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Piers Gaveston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh de Bigot
Donated messuages to St. Mary Somerset church.Hugh de Bigot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Sandys
William Sandys First Baron Sandys
(b. 1470, d. 1540)First Baron Sandys, soldier, and courtier.William Sandys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Martin
Richard Martin Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1617)Sheriff of London from 1581—1582 CE. Mayor from 1588—1589 CE and from 1593—1594 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company.Richard Martin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Thame
A Goldsmith buried in All Hallows Church.James Thame is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walpole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Beamount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Baldry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Pargitar
Thomas Pargitar Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1530)Sheriff of London from 1521—1522 CE. Mayor from 1530—1531 CE. Member of the Salters’ Company. Buried in All Hallows Church.Sir Thomas Pargitar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Sucley
Henry Sucley Sheriff
(d. 1541)Sheriff of London from 1541—1542 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Buried in All Hallows Church.Henry Sucley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Reade is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Albany is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Abde
Merchant tailor, buried in All Hallows Church.Roger Abde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord Trenchaunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Cantilo is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Cantlow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John West is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Skinner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Medley
Chamberlain of London.John Medley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Marsh
Mercer and Seargent of London.John Marsh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Henry Grey
Sir Henry Grey First Duke of Suffolk
(b. 1517, d. 1554)First Duke of Suffolk, Third Marquess of Dorset.Sir Henry Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Bugge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Forde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bernewell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hawlen
(d. 1485)John Hawlen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Parnell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hurstwaight is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Turner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralphe Simonds is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Langham
(d. 1575)Gave 4 Tenements to the poor of St. Mildred, buried at church of St. Mildred.Thomas Langham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Collins is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gerrard the Giant
Giant who supposedly dwelled at the site of Gerrard’s Hall.Gerrard the Giant is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Gisors
One of the sheriffs. Possible relation to John Gisors.William Gisors is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Gisors (II) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gisors (III)
John Gisors
(d. 1351)Vintner. Son of John Gisors II, grandson of Sir John Gisors. Mayor of London in 1311 and again in 1314.John Gisors (III) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Husband
Keeper of the compter in Bread Street. Reason for compter moving from Bread Street to Wood Street in 1555.Richard Husband is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Doget
John Doget Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1509—1510 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Monument at the church of St. John Evangelist.John Doget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Moses
Founder or builder of St. Margaret Moses Church.Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Dobbys
Richard Dobbys Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1556)Sheriff of London from 1543—1544 CE. Mayor from 1551—1552 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company. Monument at St. Margaret Moses Church.Richard Dobbys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dane
William Dane Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1569—1570 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Monument at St. Margaret Moses Church.William Dane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Tyler
Spoiled stew houses belonging to William Walworth.Walter Tyler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mary
Founder of a nunnery, before the Norman Conquest, that would later become St. Mary Overie Priory. She inherited the profits for the nunnery from her parents.Mary is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Swithen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Pont de l’Arche
Norman Knight. Refounded priory of St. Mary Overie with William Dauncy. Established St. Mary Overie as an Augustinian priory in 1128.William Pont de l’Arche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dauncy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter des Roches
(d. 1238)Bishop of Winchester during reigns of King John of England and King Henry III.Peter des Roches is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anicius
Archdeacon of Surrey. A hospital was moved onto his lands in 1228 by the consent of Peter des Roches.Anicius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Gardiner
(d. 1555)Bishop of Winchester. Helped merge parish of St. Mary Magdalen and St. Margaret into the parish of St. Saviour.Stephen Gardiner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Lilliarde
Monument at church of St. Saviour.Robert Lilliarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Audley
(d. 1564)Daughter of Thomas Audley and his second wife, Elizabeth Audley. First married Henry Dudley, and then Thomas Howard, fourth duke of Norfolk. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Margaret Audley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Audley
(d. 1564)Second wife of Thomas Audley. Mother to Margaret Audley and Mary Audley. Daughter of Thomas Grey, second marquess of Dorset.Elizabeth Audley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Grevel
Wife of William Grevel. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Margaret Grevel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Grevel
Esquire, and husband of Margaret Grevel. Monument at church of St. Saviour.William Grevel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Spershut
Esquire. One of his heirs is buried at church of St. Saviour.William Spershut is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Stokel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stokel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Merfin
Esquire. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Robert Merfin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Undall
Esquire. Monument at church of St. Saviour.William Undall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ospay Ferrar
Lord. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Ospay Ferrar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir George Brewes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brown
Monument at church of St. Saviour.John Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lady Brandon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Brandon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord William Scales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Earl William Warren is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Raison
Husband of Atheline Raison.Richard Raison is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Atheline Raison
Wife of Richard Raison.Atheline Raison is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas de Musely
Clerk.Nicholas de Musely is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fitzwater
Tenement owner in Castle Baynard Ward.Richard Fitzwater is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Castillon
Land owner in Castle Baynard Ward.Robert Castillon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Cheyney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Guy de Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
David Smith
Embroiderer.David Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Stanley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Beaufort is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Gilbert Dethick is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hawley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Harvey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Sackville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Burwash
Tenement owner in Castle Baynard Wall.Bartholomew Burwash is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Burchett
Gentleman of the Middle Temple.Peter Burchett is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jean de Bourbon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth de Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lancelot Young
Master Glazier to the Queen.Lancelot Young is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Writh
Daughter of Eleanor and John Wirthesley.Margaret Writh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brigget
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.John Brigget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ruston
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Thomas Ruston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Talbot
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.John Talbot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Talbot
Wife to John Talbot.Katherine Talbot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Warfle
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Thomas Warfle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabel Warfle
Wife to Thomas Warfle.Isabel Warfle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lucie
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Thomas Lucie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Raph Rochford
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Raph Rochford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Water
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Edmond Water is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Barnes
Wife to Richard Barnes.Elizabeth Barnes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Malgrave
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Richard Malgrave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Gowre
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Richard Gowre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gowre
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.John Gowre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Francis Baromi
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Francis Baromi is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Choppin
Tallow Chandler and one of the Sheriffs.Richard Choppin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Busby
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate.Thomas Busby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Whelar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bolene
Physician. Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate. Not to be confused with William Bolene.William Bolene is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bolene
Buried at St. Giles, Cripplegate. Not to be confused with William Bolene.William Bolene is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richarad Bolene is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Crowley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Glover is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas de la Beeche
Lieutenant of the Tower.Nicholas de la Beeche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Drew Drewry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Ufford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peregrine Bertie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Cecil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Pigott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Hatfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Dudley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Poning is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Geroge Carew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Kingston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Williams (alias Cromwell)
Sir Richard Williams
(b. 1502, d. 1544)Welsh soldier at the Court of King Henry VIII.Sir Richard Williams (alias Cromwell) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Maud Peach is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Peach
John Peach
Knight banneret, and Grocer. Husband of Maud Peach. Built almes houses at the village of Lullingstone in Kent, and he was buried there.Sir John Peach is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Lewknor
Possibly Thomas Lewknor based on context and biographical entry. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Thomas Lewknor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Elrington
One daughter of Sir Thomas Elrington. Monument at church of St. Saviour.Margaret Elrington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Elrington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bowden
Esquire. Monument at church of St. Saviour.John Bowden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Robert Magil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sandhurst
Monument at church of St. Saviour.John Sandhurst is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gower
(d. 1408)An English poet, contemporary of William Langland, and friend of Geoffrey Chaucer. Monument at church of St. Saviour.John Gower is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Sturton
Esquire. Monument at church of St. Saviour.John Sturton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Rouse
Monument at church of St. Saviour.Robert Rouse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anthony Browne First Viscount Montagu
Anthony Browne
(b. 1528, d. 1592)Knight, and oldest son of Sir Anthony Browne. Became Viscount Montague in 1554, and lived near St. Mary Overie with his second wife Magdalen Dacre.Anthony Browne First Viscount Montagu is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charles Brandon First Duke of Suffolk
Charles Brandon
(b. 1484, d. 1545)Son of Sir William Brandon (standard-bearer to Henry Tudor), and husband of Mary Tudor. He had the Suffolk House built during the reign of Henry VIII.Charles Brandon First Duke of Suffolk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Heath is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Arden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Kirton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Tresilian is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Percy
(b. 1341, d. 1408)Originally a supporter of Edward III, and then later Richard II. Briefly given title of Marshal of England. Killed in 1408 after rebelling against England.Henry Percy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Prendergast
From Norwich. Imprisoned by Henry Percy, but broken out of prison by the citizens of London.John Prendergast is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Fitzwalter
(b. 1345, d. 1386)Soldier, and father to Walter Fitzwalter, Fourth Baron Fitzwalter. Persuaded citizens of London to free John Prendergast.Walter Fitzwalter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Imworth
Richard Imworth
Marshall of Marshalsea and King’s Bench. Rebels of Kent broke down his house.Sir Richard Imworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Manny
Marshall of Marshalsea in 1443, during the reign of Henry VI. Not to be confused with Sir Walter Manny.Sir Walter Manny is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Dunton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Thetforde
Abbot of Bermondsey, who had an agreement in 1428 with Nicholas Buckland for the rents from lands and tenements of St. Thomas Hospital to be paid to him.Thomas Thetforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Buckland
Master of St. Thomas Hospital. Made an agreement in 1428 for rents from lands and tenements of St. Thomas Hospital to be paid to Thomas Thetforde.Nicholas Buckland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Chamber
Robert Chamber
Sir Robert Chamber is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fines
Also known as Lord Say. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.William Fines is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gloucester
Esquire. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.John Gloucester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Atwood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Michaell Cambridge
Esquire. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church. Kingsfords suggets his name is Michael Enebrigge (see n.63).Michaell Cambridge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Weston
Monument at St. Thomas’ Church. Last English Prior of the Order of St. John. Not to be confused withWilliam Weston.William Weston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Golding
Esquire. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.John Golding is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Benham
Gentleman. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.John Benham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Kirkes
Gentleman. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.George Kirkes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Knighton
Gentleman. Monument at St. Thomas’ Church.Thomas Knighton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Baker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Clinton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gregory Cromwell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Culpepper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saeberht of Essex
King Saeberht
King of Essex. First East Saxon King to be converted to Christianity.Saeberht of Essex is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aethelberht of Kent is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mellitus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Athelgoda is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Grey (alias Bishop) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Langham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Dennis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Dennis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Danvars
Robert Danvars
Husband of Agnes Danvars, both buried at St Bartholomew’s Church. Has a daughter with a monument at St. Thomas’ Church.Sir Robert Danvars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Agnes Danvars
Agnes Danvars
Wife of Sir Robert Danvars, both buried at St Bartholomew’s Church. Has a daughter with a monument atSt. Thomas’ Church.Dame Agnes Danvars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Evarey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Burcettur is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Swanlond
Simon Swanlond
Mayor of London from 1329—1330 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Permitted the re-building of St. Olave’s Church by Isabelle Godchep, the widow of Hamo de Godchep.Simon de Swanlond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabelle Godchep
Isabelle Godchepe
Isabelle Godchep is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hamo de Godchep is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warren, Earl of Surrey
John Warren
Mentioned in 1281 deed located at the Abbots Inn of St. Augustine. Slayed Alan de la Zouche in 1270 at Westminster Hall.John Warren, Earl of Surrey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas
Abbot of St. Augustine’s, Canterbury during 1281. Mentioned in 1281 deed located at the Abbots Inn of St. Augustine. Originally had ownership of the house next to the Church of St. Olave.Nicholas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Graspeis
Bound to do as John Warren stated in a 1281 deed found in the Abbots Inn of St. Augustine, Canterbury.William Graspeis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Anthony St Leger
Anthony St Leger
Politician and Lord Deputy of Ireland. Father of Sir Warham St Leger. Had ownership of the house that originally belonged to the Abbot of St. Augustine.Sir Anthony St Leger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Warham St Leger
Warham St Leger
A soldier, and a son of Sir Anthony St Leger. Had ownership of the house that originally belonged to the Abbot of St. Augustine after his father, Sir Anthony St Leger.Sir Warham St Leger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Monoux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alwinus Child is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter
A monk who established the new Bermondsey monastery along with Richard, Osbert, and Umbald in 1089. Peter was the first prior.Peter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Osbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Umbald is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bloet
(d. 1123)Bishop of Lincoln and Chancellor of England. Gave the monks of Bermondsey (Peter, Richard, Osbert, and Umbald) the Charlton mannor.Robert Bloet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Martell
Gave the monks of Bermondsey (Peter, Richard, Osbert, and Umbald) the land of Halingbury and tithe of Alferton by the grant of Geoffrey de Mandeville.Geoffrey Martell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Attleborough
Prior of Bermondsey in 1399 and was also made the first Abbot of the house at Bermondsey by Pope Boniface IX.John Attleborough is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pope Boniface IX is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Bowes
William Bowes
Knight, and husband of Elizabeth Bowes. Buried at church of Bermondsey.Sir William Bowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Elizabeth Bowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Pikeworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Tuchet
Possibly son of this Lord John Tuchet (alias John/James Audley). Buried at church of Bermondsey.George Tuchet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lord John Tuchet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Audley
Buried at church of Bermondsey.Anne Audley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Winkfield
Esquire. Buried at church of Bermondsey.John Winkfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Blonket is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Bridget Trussel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Trussel
William Trussell
Knight, Speaker of House of Commons, and husband of Bridget Trussell. Buried at Westminster Abbey.Sir William Trussel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Holgrave, Baron of the Exchequer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Cranmer
Humanist, and Archbishop of Canterbury from 1532-1534. He helped in the annulment of Henry VIII and Catherine of Aragon. Writer of the first two editions of the Book of Common Prayer.Thomas Cranmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Pole
Yeoman of the Crown. Developed leprosy during the reign of Edward IV. Built a Hospital and a Chapel in honor of Saint Anthony for people with leprosy.William Pole is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint Anthony of Padua
Fernando Martins de Bulhoes
Canonized by Pope Gregory IX in 1232. Also the patron saint of finding things or lost people.Saint Anthony of Padua is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cicero
Marcus Tullius Cicero
(b. 106 BCE, d. 43 BCE)A Roman philosopher, politician, lawyer, orator, political theorist, consuol, and constitutionalist.Cicero is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Æthelstan
(b. 894, d. 939)King of the Anglo-Saxons from 924-927, and King of the English from 927-939. Son of King Edward the Elder.Æthelstan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
Lucius Tarquinius Tarquin the Elder
(b. 616 BCE, d. 578 BCE)The legendary fifth King of Rome.Lucius Tarquinius Priscus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dionysus
Dionysus Bacchus
God of fruitfulness and vegetation (especially wine and ecstasy) in Roman mythology. God of the grape harvest, winemaking, wine, ritual of madness, fertility, theatre, and religious ecstasy in Greek mythology. Son of Zeus and Semele.Dionysus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aelius Herodianus
Aelius Herodianus Herodian Herodianus Technicus
A Greek Grammarian of Alexandria, who eventually moved to Rome.Aelius Herodianus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pope Gregory I
Gregory Saint Gregory the Great St. Gregory the Dialogist
(b. 540, d. 604)Pope from 590 to 604. He was also known for his writings, as a Doctor of the Church, as one of the Latin Fathers, and a Saint. Known as the patron saint of musicians, singers, students, and teachers.Pope Gregory I is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Walsingham
(b. 1340, d. 1422)An English chronicler and Benedictine monk. His works are an important for information of the reigns of Richard II, Henry IV, and Henry V.Thomas Walsingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hippodamus of Miletus
Hippodamus
(b. 498 BCE, d. 408 BCE)A Greek architect, urban planner, physician, mathematician, meteorologist, and philosopher.Hippodamus of Miletus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Polydore Vergil
Polydore Vergil Polidoro Virgili Polydorus Vergilius of Urbino
(b. 1470, d. 1555)A celebrated, Italian-born humanist, scholar, historian, priest, and diplomat, who spent most of his life in England.Polydore Vergil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cato the Elder
Marcus Porcius Cato Cato the Censor Cato the Wise Cato the Ancient
(b. 234 BCE, d. 149 BCE)A Roman senator and historian. First person to write history in Latin. Great-grandfather of Cato the Younger, who opposed Julius Caesar.Cato the Elder is mentioned in the following documents:
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Louis VIII of France
Louis Louis VIII the Lion
(b. 1187, d. 1226)King of France from 1223 to 1226. Claimed title of King of England from 1216-1217. Son of King Philip II of France and Isabelle of Hainaut.Louis VIII of France is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester
Simon de Montfort Simon de Munford
(b. 1208, d. 1265)A French nobleman who led a rebellion against King Henry III during the Second Barons’ War. Son of Simon de Montfort, 5th Early of Leiceseter.Simon de Montfort, 6th Earl of Leicester is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint James
James James, son of Zebedee James the Great James the Greater
(d. 44)One of the Twelve Apostles of Jesus. Son of Zebedee and Salome. Patron saint of Spain.Saint James is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Viel
A poor widow who had a false judgement given against her.Margaret Viel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Tasciovanus
Tasciovanus Tenvantius Tenantius Theomantius
Son of Lud, and a historical King of the Catuvellauni tribe before the Roman conquest of Britain.Tasciovanus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Commius
Commius Comius Comnios Commios
A historical King of the Belgic nation of the Atrebates in 1st century BCE. Ally of Julius Caesar.Commius is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint George is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Bray (aka Reynold)
Reginald Bray
(b. 1440, d. 1503)Lord Chancellor of the duchy of Lancaster.Reginald Bray (aka Reynold) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Barons (alias Barnes) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Aldham
Chaplain to the Countess of Derby.Hugh Aldham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Stanhop is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pietro Torrigiano is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Foxe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fitzjames is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ruthall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fyneux (aka Fenex) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Benson
William Benson Abbot
(d. 1549)Last Abbot of Westminster and first Dean of Westminster.William Benson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Thirlby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Cox
Richard Cox Bishop
(b. 1500, d. 1581)Belonged to the first generation of protestant reformers, and had great influence in the movement.Richard Cox is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Weston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Feckenham (aka Howman) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Benedict of Nursia is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gabriel Goodman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Harold Harefoot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward the Exile is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agatha Aetheling is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ferdinand III of Castile is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Malcolm III of Scotland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aveline de Forz is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Forz (alias Deforce) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Burnell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Smith is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hylton
Baron Hylton.John Hylton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Clinton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hastings is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Burdett
Beheaded in 1477.Thomas Burdett is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Humphrey Stafford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bartram
Baron Bothell.Robert Bartram is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reynold de Cambrey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bewmond
Son and heir to Lord Bewmond.Thomas Bewmond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Howton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Caster
Knight.Bartholomew Caster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reinfride Arundell
Knight.Reinfride Arundell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Covil
Esquire.Thomas Covil is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Keble
Daughter of Sir Henry Keble.Alice Keble is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Blount
Daughter of John Blount.Anne Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Allen Cheinie
Knight, father of John Cheinie.Sir Allen Cheinie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cheinie
Knight, son of Allen Cheinie.John Cheinie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Green is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Blount
Son of Walter Blount.William Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
James Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Burwash
Son of Bartholomew Burwash.John Burwash is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alan Buxhall
Knight.Alan Buxhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane Sampford
Wife of Sir John Philipot.Jane Sampford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Philipot
Daughter of Sir John Philipot.Margaret Philipot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Sentler
First husband of Margaret Philipot.Thomas Sentler is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Neyland
Second husband of Margaret Philipot.John Neyland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roland Blount
Esquire.Roland Blount is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roland Bradbury
Deceased in in 1489.Roland Bradbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Clifton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Frances Chape
Buried in Christ Church.Frances Chape is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Robessart
Knight of the Garter in 1418.John Robessart is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Malory is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Yonge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Wrottesley
Walter Wrottesley
(b. 1430, d. 1473)Justice of the Common Pleas and King’s Bench.Sir Walter Wrottesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Par
Slain at Barnet in 1471.Thomas Par is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wiltwater
Slain at Barnet in 1471.John Wiltwater is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Elkenton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Havering is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Lucy
Father of Geoffrey Lucy (II).Geoffrey Lucy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Lucy (II) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John More is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir George Hopton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Raphe Spiganell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Moyle
Gentleman of Gray’s Inn.John Moyle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Huddie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Cobham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Mortayn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Deyncourt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norbury
Esquire, high treasurer of England. Father of Henry Norbury.John Norbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Norbury
Esquire. Son of John Norbury.John Norbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Southlee is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Sackville
Knight.Thomas Sackville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Lucy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de la Rivar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mauricius de la Rivar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Malmains is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Malmaynas is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Malmains is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Parsal is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Alexandria Kirketon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Champion
Esquire.Peter Champion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Hungerford
Hanged for murdering her husband.Alice Hungerford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Churchyard
Gentleman of Gray’s Inn.Richard Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Renauld Frowyk
Buried in 1518.Renauld Frowyk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip Pats
Buried in 1518.Philip Pats is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Porter
Sergeant at Arms.William Porter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Grantham
Gentleman.Thomas Grantham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Rotheley
Gentleman.Edmond Rotheley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Reston
Gentleman of Gray’s Inn.Henry Reston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Aubrey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Aubrey (II) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Montgomery
Gentleman. Son of John Montgomery.Nicholas Montgomery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Montgomery
Father of Nicholas Montgomery. Not to be confused with Sir John Montgomery.John Montgomery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bartholomew Emfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Barnard Peter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Raphe Sandwiche is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Andrew Sackville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Haddon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Polle
Thomas Polle Sheriff
Thomas Polle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Johnson
Goldsmith.Robert Johnson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Twisleton
Goldsmith, alderman.John Twisleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Somercote
Keeper of the King’s Exchange.John Somercote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gregory de Rokesle
Gregory de Rokesle Sheriff; Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1263—1264 CE. Mayor from 1270—1280 CE and from 1284—1285 CE. Keeper of the King’s Exchange. Possible member of the Goldsmiths’ Company.Gregory de Rokesle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Frowyk
Keeper of the King’s Exchange.Roger Frowyk is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Reade
Henry Reade Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1417—1418 CE. Believed to be a armourer. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.Henry Reade is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Billesdon
Robert Billesdon Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1473—1474 CE. Mayor from 1483—1484 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.Robert Billesdon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Dere
William Dere Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1450—1451 CE. Believed to be a pewterer. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.William Dere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Raven
Haberdasher. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.Robert Raven is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Appleyard
Gentleman. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.Thomas Appleyard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Moncaster
Merchant tailor. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.William Moncaster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Holte
Merchant tailor. Buried in St. Augustine, Watling Street.William Holte is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Rich is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger of Salisbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Peverel
Witness to the original text regarding the foundation of the church of St. Paul.Ralph Peverel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hervey de Stanton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Baldock is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Godwin
Died while working on the steeple of St. Paul’s Cathedral.Robert Godwin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Burchwood
King’s plumber during the construction of St. Paul’s Cathedral.Burchwood is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Dokesworth
Robert Dokewroth
Donated lands for an additional construction added to St. Paul’s Cathedral.Robert Dokesworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Sherington
Donated funds for the construction of the Library of St. Paul’s.Walter Sherington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Holmes
Chancellor of St. Paul’s Cathedral.Roger Holmes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Bery
Alderman of St. Paul’s Cathedral.Adam Bery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wingham
Official of St. Paul’s Cathedral.John Wingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Ford
Remembrancer.Richard Ford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Bennis
Clerk.Henry Bennis is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Pace is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Barton
Buried at St. Paul’s Charnel House.Robert Barton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Miles Partridge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pope Urban IV is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Kempe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Grindal is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Earconwald is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sæbbi of Essex is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William the Norman is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Niger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fulk Basset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Wingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Baud is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Baud is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hervey of Boreham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard de Tilbury
Richard Tilbury
Witness to a land transfer contract involving St. Paul’s. Knight.Sir Richard de Tilbury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William de Vockendon
William Vockendon
Witness to a land transfer contract involving St. Paul’s. Knight.Sir William de Vockendon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard de Harlowe
Richard Harlowe
Witness to a land transfer contract involving St. Paul’s. Knight.Sir Richard de Harlowe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter of Stanforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas of Waldon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas de Wokendon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard de Rokeley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas de Mandeville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Broniforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Markes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Fulham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Paul of Tarsus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Henry Guildford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
L. Marshall
Deceased in 1313.L. Marshall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John de Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Hengham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Plesseys is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam de Bury
Adam de Bury Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1476—1477 CE. Mayor from 1364—1366 CE and from 1373—1374 CE. Member of the Skinners’ Company.Adam de Bury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Fitzhugh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Stokesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Neville
(b. 1493, d. 1543)Third baron Latimer, his third wife was Catherine Parr. Not to be confused with John Neville and Sir John Nevill.John Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Herbert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Christopher Hatton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Aylmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Fletcher is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Nikke
Paternoster. Citizen of London.Robert Nikke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Belwase
Buried in St. Martin, Ludgate.Henry Belwase is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Gest
Buried in St. Martin, Ludgate.John Gest is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Taverner
Buried in St. Martin, Ludgate.William Taverner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Pecocke
Stephen Pecocke Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1526—1527 CE. Mayor from 1532—1533 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Buried in St. Martin, Ludgate.Sir Stephen Pecocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Sevenoke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Roger Cholmeley
Roger Cholmeley
(b. 1485, d. 1565)Lord Chief Justice of the Court of the King’s Bench.Sir Roger Cholmeley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gregory de Rokesley
Gregory Rokesley Sheriff Mayor
(fl. 1274-84d. 1291)Sheriff of London from 1263—1264 CE and 1270—1271 CE. Mayor from 1247—1281 CE and 1284—1285 CE. Possible member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Lord Chief Justice of the Court of the King’s Bench.Gregory de Rokesley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Drummond
Margaret Drummond Queen of Scotland
(b. 1340, d. 1375)Queen of Scotland and wife of David II of Scotland.Margaret Drummond is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Attabeto is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabella
Isabella Countess of Norfolk
(b. 1195, d. 1253)Member of the house of Dunkeld and Countess of Norfolk by marriage.Isabella is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Bigod is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice de Warenne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Warenne
Son of Alice de Warenne and brother of Jane de Warenne.William de Warenne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane de Warenne
Daughter of Alice de Warenne and sister of William de Warenne.Jane de Warenne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ide de Ferrers
Dame.Ide de Ferrers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Devereux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard de Brewes
Buried in St. Martin, Ludgate.Richard de Brewes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Jahu Strange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Strange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Strange
Father of Jahu Strange.Thomas Strange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Strange
Father of Richard Strange.Roger Strange is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth de Badlesmere
Elizabeth Badlesmere Countess of Northampton
(b. 1313, d. 1356)Countess of Northampton, daughter of Bartholomew de Badlesmere.Elizabeth de Badlesmere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere
Sir Bartholomew Badlesmere First Baron Badlesmere
(b. 1275, d. 1322)First Barton Badlesmere, father of Elizabeth de Badlesmere.Sir Bartholomew de Badlesmere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William de Bohun
Sir William Bohun First Earl of Northampton
(b. 1312, d. 1360)First Earl of Northampton.Sir William de Bohun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth de Bohun
Elizabeth Bohun Countess of Arundel
(b. 1350, d. 1385)Countess of Arundel and Countess of Surrey.Elizabeth de Bohun is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Johan Carne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Carne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Guy Bryan
Husband of Dame Johan Carne.Sir Guy Bryan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alphonso
Alphonso Earl of Chester
(b. 1273, d. 1284)Earl of Chester and child of Edward I and Eleanor of Castile.Alphonso is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William de Thorpe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dudley, Robert
Robert Dudley Earl of Leicester
Earl of Leicester. Courtier and friend of Elizabeth I.Dudley, Robert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey de Say is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Maude de Say is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Beauchamp
Daughter of Roger Beauchamp.Elizabeth Beauchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William de Patteshull is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sibyl de Patteshull is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Collington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Peter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Paston
Husband of Anne Paston.William Paston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne Paston
Wife of William Paston.Anne Paston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edmund Cornwall
Seventh Baron of Burford.Sir Edmund Cornwall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor Neville
Daughter of Ralph Neville. Married to Lord Douglas. Not to be confused with Eleanor Neville.Eleanor Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard le Scrope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Vaux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Browne
Thomas Browne
(b. 1402, d. 1460)Member of Parliament and Chancellor of the Exchequer. Husband of Elizabeth le Despenser.Sir Thomas Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor FitzAlan
English noblewoman. Wife of Thomas Browne.Eleanor FitzAlan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane Powell
Died in 1432.Jane Powell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Swinforth
Died in 1432.Thomas Swinforth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mawsley
Died in 1432.John Mawsley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de la Bere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Carre
Died in 1509.Nicholas Carre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffrey Spring
Died in 1509.Geoffrey Spring is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Clifford
Died in 1509.William Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Stalworth
Merchant Tailor. Died in 1518.William Stalworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Courtney
Earl of Devonshire.William Courtney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Newton
Died in 1361.Thomas Newton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Woodcocke
Hatter. Died in 1475.Roger Woodcocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ressell
Brewer. Died in 1473.Thomas Ressell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Oxney
Prior of Christ Church.John Oxney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger North
Haberdasher. Died in 1509.Roger North is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Parnell
Vintner. Sheriff of London.Henry Parnell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Banks
Died in 1598.Thomas Banks is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mathilda Lovell
Wife of John Lovell.Mathilda Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mathilda Lovell
Husband of Mathilda Lovell.Mathilda Lovell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cecily Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cok is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Cope is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Hone
Wife of Adam Hone.Elizabeth Hone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Hone
Husband of Elizabeth Hone.Adam Hone is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bartholomew Billington
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Bartholomew Billington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cook
Husband of Jane Cook. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.John Cook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane Cook
Wife of John Cook. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Jane Cook is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Isham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Isham
Wife of Richard Isham. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alice Isham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Bayly
Husband of Alice Bayly. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Nicholas Bayly is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Bayly
Wife of Nicholas Bayly. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alice Bayly is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Woodhouse
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.John Woodhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Palmer
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Robert Palmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Walden
Husband of Idona Walden. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.John Walden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Idona Walden
Wife of John Walden. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Idona Walden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Malifant is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir George of Glamorgan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret of Glamorgan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Astley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Astley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Astley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Markby
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.William Markby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Shepley
Husband of Alice Shepley. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Richard Shepley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Shepley
Wife of Richard Shepley. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alice Shepley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Saville
Sergeant at Arms. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Thomas Saville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Beastby
Husband of Margaret Beastby. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Edward Beastby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Beastby
Wife of Edward Beastby. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Margaret Beastby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Ingham
Husband of Alienar Ingham. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Walter Ingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alienar Ingham
Wife of Walter Ingham. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alienar Ingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Warnar
Husband of Alice Carne. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Robert Warnar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Carne
Wife of Robert Warnar. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alice Carne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Galdset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan Galdset
Wife of Robert Galdset. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Joan Galdset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Galdset
Wife of Robert Galdset. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Agnes Galdset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Delabere
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Richard Delabere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Brookes
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.William Brookes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Shirley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Shirley
Second wife of John Shirley. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Margaret Shirley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jane Clinton
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Jane Clinton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Agnes Gascoigne
Daughter to William Gascoigne. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Agnes Gascoigne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Rogebrooke
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.John Rogebrooke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Surgeon
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Richard Surgeon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Burgan
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Thomas Burgan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Skinard
Husband of Elizabeth Chincroft. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Henry Skinard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Skinard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Chincroft
Father of Elizabeth Skinard.Chincroft is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Mackeley
Husband of Alice Mackeley. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.William Mackeley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Mackeley
Wife of William Mackeley. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.Alice Mackeley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitzwater
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Hospital.William Fitzwater is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rahere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Bolton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wharton
Husband of Elizabeth Wharton. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Wharton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Wharton
Wife of John Wharton. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Elizabeth Wharton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Scott is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Louth
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Louth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Shikeld
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Robert Shikeld is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Bacon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Ludlow
Husband of Alice Ludlow. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory. Not to be confused with Sir John Ludlow.John Ludlow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Ludlow
Wife of John Ludlow. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Alice Ludlow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
W. Thirlwall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Lancaster
Herald at Arms. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Richard Lancaster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Torald
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Thomas Torald is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Roiston
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Roiston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Watford
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Watford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Carleton
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Carleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Willowbie
Son of Sir Robert Willowbie. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Robert Willowbie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Willowbie
Robert Willowbie
Father of Robert Willowbie. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Sir Robert Willowbie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert Halfstocke
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Gilbert Halfstocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Fen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elianor Fen
Wife of Sir Hugh Fen. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Elianor Fen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Neville
Lady Bergavenny. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Margaret Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Essex
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.William Essex is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Banke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Banke
Wife of Richard Banke. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Margaret Banke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Winderhall
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Winderhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Duram
Wife of John Duram. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Elizabeth Duram is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Duram
Husband of Elizabeth Duram. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Duram is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Malwaine
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Malwaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Balstred
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Alice Balstred is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Scarlet
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.William Scarlet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Walter
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Hugh Walter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Walter Mildmay
Walter Mildmay
(b. 1520, d. 1589)Administrator and founder of Emmanuel College, Cambridge. Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Sir Walter Mildmay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Andrew
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.William Andrew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Clamparde
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Stephen Clamparde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lawrence Warcam
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Lawrence Warcam is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dagworth
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.John Dagworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Scarlet
Buried at St. Bartholomew’s Priory.Robert Scarlet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomasin Percival
Wife of John Percival.Thomasin Percival is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Kensworth
Contributed funds to the construction of Holborn Conduit.Thomas Kensworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Hotham
John Hotham
(d. 1337)Medieval bishop, Chancellor of the Exchequer, Lord High Treasurer, and Lord Chancellor.John de Hotham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Luke
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.Walter Luke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bawdwine
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.John Bawdwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Hinde
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.John Hinde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Jennie
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.Christopher Jennie is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dowsell
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.John Dowsell is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Merwine
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.Edward Merwine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmond Knightley
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.Edmond Knightley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Montagu
Edward Montagu
(b. 1485, d. 1557)English lawyer and Judge. Appointed Sergreat at Arms in 1531.Sir Edward Montagu is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Yorke
Sergeant at Arms. Appointed in 1531.Roger Yorke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Lombard
Mayor of London in 1531.Nicholas Lombard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Neville is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Ratcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wildon
Clerk of the Kitchen at St. Nicholas Shambles Market.Thomas Wildon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Furnivall
William Furnivall
Knight and husband of Thomasin Furnivall. Owner of shops and messuages on Holborn.Sir William Furnivall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomasin Furnivall
Wife of Sir William Furnivall. Owner of shops and messuages on Holborn.Thomasin Furnivall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Cambridge
Fishmonger and chamberlain.John Cambridge is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Fineux is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Osbert de Longchamp
Osbert Longchamp
(b. 1155, d. 1208)Anglo-Norman administrator and brother of William de Longchamp.Osbert de Longchamp is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert of Leveland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saint Christopher is mentioned in the following documents:
-
T. Duke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Baines is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Clifford
Robert Clifford
(b. 1274, d. 1314)First Baron de Clifford. Husband of Isabella de Clifford.Robert de Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabella de Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Burstall
Clerk. Buried at St. Dunstan in the East.William Burstall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Piers
According to Stow, a Jew that converted to Christianity.William Piers is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Courtenay
(b. 1498, d. 1538)First Marquess of Exeter. Grandson of Edward IV and a first cousin of Henry VIII.Henry Courtenay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Brandon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Manners is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Boleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Garrarde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh de Courtenay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Courtenay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Montgomery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Montgomery
John Montgomery
Sir John Montgomery is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Wolle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wolle
Son of Sir John Wolle. Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Wolle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bayholt
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Thomas Bayholt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth
Countess of Athnole. Buried at Whitefriars Church.Elizabeth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Saye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Johan Saye
Wife of Sir Thomas Saye. Buried at Whitefriars Church.Johan Saye is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Pence Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Reginald Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Ludlow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Derois is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Gray is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Ashley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Bristow
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Robert Bristow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Perry
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Thomas Perry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Tempest is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Call
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Call is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Neddow
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Neddow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Gristles
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Margaret Gristles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Eleanor Gristles
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Eleanor Gristles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Brown
John Brown
Sir John Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Brown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Simon de Berford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Wigus
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Peter Wigus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Matthew
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Robert Matthew is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Skargel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Norice is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Geoffrey Roofe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Matthew Hadocke
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Matthew Hadocke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Clarel
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Clarel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Aprichard
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Aprichard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Wentworth
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Wentworth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wickham
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Thomas Wickham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Phillip Terwhit is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Stephen Popham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bastard de Scales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Blunt
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Henry Blunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Blunt
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Elizabeth Blunt is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Swan
Buried at Whitefriars Church. Not to be confused with John Swan.John Swan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alice Foster
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Alice Foster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Brocker
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Robert Brocker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Drayton
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Drayton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Chanlowes
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Chanlowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Chanlowes
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Katherine Chanlowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Chanlowes
Father of Katherine Chanlowes and John Chanlowes.Robert Chanlowes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Salvin
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Salvin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hampton
Buried at Whitefriars Church. Not to be confused with mayor William Hampton.William Hampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bampton
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Bampton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wintar
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Wintar is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edmund Oldhall
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Edmund Oldhall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Appleyard
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Appleyard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Dabby
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Thomas Dabby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Courtney
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Hugh Courtney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Drury
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Drury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Drury
Father of John Drury.Robert Drury is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Elizabeth Gemersey
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Elizabeth Gemersey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Townsend is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Greene is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Scot
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Scot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Federinghey
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Thomas Federinghey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fulforde
Buried at Whitefriars Church.John Fulforde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Edward Eldsmere
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Edward Eldsmere is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hart
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Hart is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mary Senelare
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Mary Senelare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Talbot is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Morris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christian Morris
Wife of Sir William Morris. Buried at Whitefriars Church.Christian Morris is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Peter de Mota is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Hewton
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Richard Hewton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Heron is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Eaton
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Richard Eaton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Stapleton
Buried at Whitefriars Church.Hugh Stapleton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Copley
Buried at Whitefriars Church.William Copley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Ralph Saintwen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Bromeslete is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Heraclius of Jerusalem
Heraclius
(b. 1128, d. 1190)Archbishop of Caesarea and Latin Patriarch of Jerusalem.Heraclius of Jerusalem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hugh Paganus is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Geoffery de St. Andomare
Geoffery St. Andomare
According to John Stow, St. Andomare was a co-founder of the first order Knights Templar.Geoffery de St. Andomare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Baldwin I of Jerusalem is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pope Eugene III is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Walerand is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert de Ros
Robert Ros
(b. 1170, d. 1227)One of twenty-five barons to guarantee the observance of the Magna Carta. Buried at Temple Church.Robert de Ros is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Nicholas Hare
Nicholas Hare
(b. 1484, d. 1557)Speaker of the House of Commons. Buried at Temple Church.Sir Nicholas Hare is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Robert Hales
Robert Hales
(b. 1325, d. 1381)Administrator and prior of the hospital of St. John of Jerusalem.Sir Robert Hales is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Amias Paulet is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alfune
Bishop of London and builder of St. Giles Cripplegate Church.Alfune is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Marshal
(b. 1320, d. 1399)Duchess of Norfolk. Wife of Walter Manny. Buried at the London Charterhouse.Margaret Marshal is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Marmaduke Lumley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lawrence Brumley
Buried at the London Charterhouse.Lawrence Brumley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Edward Hederset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Manny is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joane Borough is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dore
Buried at the London Charterhouse.John Dore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Olney
Buried at the London Charterhouse.Robert Olney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Babington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Babington
Daughter of Sir William Babington. Buried at the London Charterhouse.Katherine Babington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Hugh Waterton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Blanch Waterton
Daughter of Sir Hugh Waterton. Buried at the London Charterhouse.Blanch Waterton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Lacy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Richard Lacy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John de Poote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Rawlin
Buried at the London Charterhouse.William Rawlin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Lenthaine
John Lenthaine
Husband of Dame Margaret Lenthaine. Buried at the London Charterhouse.Sir John Lenthaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Margaret Lenthaine
Margaret Lenthaine
Wife of Sir John Lenthaine. Buried at the London Charterhouse.Dame Margaret Lenthaine is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Fray is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Peake
Buried at the London Charterhouse.John Peake is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Baron
Buried at the London Charterhouse. Not to be confused with William Baron, esquire.William Baron is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Baron
Esquire. Buried at the London Charterhouse. Not to be confused with William Baron.William Baron is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Thwaites
Thomas Thwaites
(b. 1435, d. 1503)English Civil Servant and part of the Perkin Warbeck Conspiracy.Sir Thomas Thwaites is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir John Popham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Jordan Briset
Norman Baron and founder of St. John’s of Jerusalem. Husband of Muriell Briset.Jordan Briset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Muriell Briset
Wife of Jordan Briset.Muriell Briset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Docwra is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Tresham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Begecote
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Begecote is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Barrow
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Richard Barrow is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Vanclay
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Vanclay is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Launcelen
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Thomas Launcelen is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Mallore
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Mallore is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Turney
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Turney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Hulles
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Hulles is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Weston
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Weston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Langstrother
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Langstrother is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Langstrother
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Langstrother is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Tong
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Tong is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wakeline
Member of the English Knights Hospitaller. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Wakeline is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Thornburgh
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Thomas Thornburgh is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Fulling
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Fulling is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Adam Gill
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Adam Gill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Silverton
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Nicholas Silverton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Plompton
Father of Katherine Plompton. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Plompton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret Tong
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Margaret Tong is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabel Tong
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Isabel Tong is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Bellingham
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Walter Bellingham is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Bedle
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Thomas Bedle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Katherine Plompton
Daughter of William Plompton. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Katherine Plompton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Turpin
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Richard Turpin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Alexander Dikes
Husband of Johan Dikes. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Alexander Dikes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Johan Dikes
Wife of Alexander Dikes. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Johan Dikes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Bottle
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Bottle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Bottle
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Richard Bottle is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roland Darcy
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Roland Darcy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Sutton
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Richard Sutton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Bottill
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem. Not to be confused with Richard Bottle.Richard Bottill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Harpden
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Sir William Harpden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Kingston
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Robert Kingston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margery Kingston
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Margery Kingston is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Roch
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.John Roch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Cednor
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Richard Cednor is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Symon Mallory
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Symon Mallory is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Mallory
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.William Mallory is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Langstrother
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Robert Langstrother is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Astley
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Ralph Astley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Savage
Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Robert Savage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Gondall
Husband of Margery Gondall. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Robert Gondall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margery Gondall
Wife of Robert Gondall. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Margery Gondall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Babthorpe
William Babthorpe
(b. 1489, d. 1555)Baron of the Exchequer. Buried at St. John’s of Jerusalem.Sir William Babthorpe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Briset
Father of Jordan Briset and son of Brian Briset.Ralph Briset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Brian Briset
Father of Ralph Briset and grandfather of Jordan Briset.Brian Briset is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert
A priest who founded the Priory of Clerkenwell, with lands granted by Brian Briset.Robert is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wikes
Husband of Isabell Wikes. Buried at St. Mary Clerkenwell.John Wikes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Isabell Wikes
Wife of John Wikes. Buried at St. Mary Clerkenwell.Isabell Wikes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Agnes Clifford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Timbleby
Buried at St. Mary Clerkenwell.Ralph Timbleby is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joane de Greystoke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Dame Joan Beaufort
Joan Beaufort
(b. 1379, d. 1440)Countess of Westmorland and only daughter of John of Gaunt. Buried at St. Mary Clerkenwell.Dame Joan Beaufort is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Widow Allington
Allington
Wife of Richard Allington. She owned buildings in St. Giles in the Fields.Widow Allington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Allington
Husband of Widow Allington.Richard Allington is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Master Roper is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gilbert de Fraxineto is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stephen Langton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter de Gray is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Paget is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Downe
Parson at St. Martin, Ludgate.William Downe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Walter Warfield
Built gates at Westminster Palace during the reign of Edward III.Walter Warfield is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Belancer
Founder offraternitie or brotherhood of our blessed Ladie
in St. Giles, Cripplegate.John Belancer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Frederick II of Denmark
King Frederick of Denmark II
(b. 1 July 1534, d. 4 April 1588)King of Denmark and Norway. Husband of Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. Father of Anne of Denmark, Christian IV of Denmark, and Elizabeth of Denmark.Frederick II of Denmark is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Anne of Denmark
Anne of Denmark Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland
(b. 12 December 1574, d. 2 March 1619)Queen of England, Scotland, and Ireland. Consort of James VI ad I. Daughter of Frederick II of Denmark and Sophie of Mecklenburg-Güstrow. Sister of Christian IV of Denmark, Elizabeth of Denmark, and Ulric of Denmark.Anne of Denmark is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter II of Savoy
(b. 1203, d. 15 May 1268)Count of Savoy and de facto earl of Richmond. Builder of the Manor and Liberty of the Savoy. Son of Thomas I of Savoy. Brother of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Thomas of Flanders, Philip I of Savoy, Boniface of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy. Uncle of Eleanor of Provence, the queen-consort of Henry III.Peter II of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas I of Savoy
(b. 1178, d. 1 March 1233)Count of Savoy. Father of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Thomas of Flanders, Peter II of Savoy, Philip I of Savoy, Boniface of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy.Thomas I of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Boniface of Savoy
(b. 1217, d. 18 July 1270)Archbishop of Canterbury. Son of Thomas I of Savoy. Brother of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Thomas of Flanders, Peter II of Savoy, Philip I of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy.Boniface of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aymon of Savoy
Aymon of Savoy the Peaceful
(b. 15 December 1210, d. 22 June 1343)Count of Savoy. Son of Amadeus V of Savoy.Aymon of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Amadeus IV of Savoy
(b. 1197, d. 24 June 1253)Son of Thomas I of Savoy. Brother of Thomas of Flanders, Peter II of Savoy, Boniface of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy.Amadeus IV of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip I of Savoy
(b. 1207, d. 16 August 1285)Son of Thomas I of Savoy. Brother of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Thomas of Flanders, Peter II of Savoy, Boniface of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy.Philip I of Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas of Flanders
(b. 1199, d. 7 February 1259)Count of Flanders and the Lord of Piedmont. Son of Thomas I of Savoy. Brother of Amadeus IV of Savoy, Peter II of Savoy, Philip I of Savoy, Boniface of Savoy, and Beatrice of Savoy.Thomas of Flanders is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Margaret of Provence
(b. 1221, d. 20 December 1295)Daughter of Eleanor of Provence. Consort of Louis IX of France and Queen of France.Margaret of Provence is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Louis IX of France
Louis IX of France King of France
(b. 25 April 1214, d. 25 August 1270)King of France from 8 November 1226 until 25 August 1270.Louis IX of France is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard of Cornwall
(b. 5 January 1209, d. 2 April 1272)Nominal Count of Poitou from 1225 to 1243, Earl of Cornwall from 1225, and King of Germany from 1257. Son of King John I.Richard of Cornwall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Beatrice of Provence
(b. 1229, d. 23 September 1267)Daughter of Ramon Berenguer IV and Eleanor of Provence. Consort of Charles I of Anjou. Sister to Margaret of Provence, Eleanor of Provence, and Sanchia of Provence.Beatrice of Provence is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charles I of Anjou
(b. 1226, d. 7 January 1285)Count of Provence from 1246 to 1285, Count of Forcalquier from 1246 to 1248 and 1256 to 1285, Count of Anjou and Maine from 1246 to 1285, King of Sicily from 1266 to 1285, and Prince of Achaea from 1278 to 1285. Proclaimed King of Albania in 1272, and purchased a claim to the Kingdom of Jerusalem in 1277.Charles I of Anjou is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Joan II of Navarre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Philip III of Navarre
Philip III of Navarre the Noble
(b. 27 March 1306, d. 16 September 1343)King of Navarre from 1328 until 1343.Philip III of Navarre is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry of Lancaster is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Harthacnut is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Simon Smyth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warde
John Warde Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1479—1480 CE. Mayor of London from 1484—1485 CE. Member of the Grocers Company.John Warde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Stokker
William Stokker Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1473—1474 CE. Mayor of London from 1484—1485 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company.William Stokker is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Aleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Shelley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Browne
John Browne Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1472—1473 CE. Mayor of London from 1480—1481 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.John Browne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Northland is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Billesdon
Robert Billesdon Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1473—1474 CE. Mayor of London from 1483—1484 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company.Robert Billesdon is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Breteyn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Tate
John Tate Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1485—1486 CE. Mayor from 1473—1474 CE and 1513—1514 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company.John Tate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Swan
John Swan Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1485—1486 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Not to be confused with John Swan.John Swan is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir William Horne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Broke is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Purchase is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Welbeck is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Warner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Somer
Henry Somer Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1495—1496 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Not to be confused with Henry Somer.Henry Somer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Wyndout is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Bronde is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lawrence Aylmer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Hede is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Nynes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Hawes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Watts is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Graunger is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Grove is mentioned in the following documents:
-
William Fitz William is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thomas Exmue
Thomas Exmue Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1508—1509 CE. Mayor from 1517—1518 CE. Member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. Buried in the parish church of St. Stephen, in Coleman Street Ward.Thomas Exmue is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Smyth is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Nicholas Shelton is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Robert Aldernes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Dawes is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Roger Basford is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Henry Worley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Richard Grey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Semer is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sir Thomas Baldry
Sir Thomas Baldry Sheriff Mayor
(b. 1481, d. 1525)Sheriff of London from 1517—1518 CE. Mayor from 1523—1524 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Donated funds to help build the St. Mary-Le-Bow steeple that was finished by 1512.Sir Thomas Baldry is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ralph Symonds is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Wylkynson is mentioned in the following documents:
-
John Kyme is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Breton
John Breton Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1521—1522 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Buried in Holy Trinity Priory.John Breton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Michael Englysshe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Jenyns is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Cawnton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Nicholas Lambarde is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Hardy is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Long is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edward Altham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Reynolds is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Pyncheon is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Preest is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Kyston is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Cotes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Pagett
Robert Pagett Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1535—1536 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Buried in St. Dionis Backchurch.Robert Pagett is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Wilkenson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Gybson is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Fayrey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ralph Aleyn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Gerveys is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Chertsey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Lyon is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Lambarde
John Lambarde Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1551—1552 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Not to be confused with John Lambarde.John Lambarde is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Cowper is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Maynard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Leigh is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Machell is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Whyte is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Richard Malorye is mentioned in the following documents:
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James Altham is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Hawes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Rowe
Thomas Rowe Sir Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1560—1561 CE. Mayor from 1568—1569 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Sir Thomas Rowe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alexander Avenon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Lionel Duckett is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Ryvers is mentioned in the following documents:
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James Hawes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Lamberd is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Ramsey
Sir Thomas Ramsey Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1566—1567 CE. Mayor from 1577—1578 CE. Member of the Grocers’ Company. Buried in St. Nicholas Acon.Sir Thomas Ramsey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Roger Martyn
Sir Roger Martyn Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1559—1560 CE. Mayor from 1567—1568 CE. Member of the Mercers’ Company. Buried at St. Anthony church.Sir Roger Martyn is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Oliff
John Oliff Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1568—1569 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company. Buried in St. Laurence Poultney Churchyard.John Oliff is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Beecher
Henry Beacher Sheriff
Sheriff of London from 1569—1570 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Buried in Christopher le Stocks.Henry Beecher is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Boxe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Mylles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Branche is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Nicholas Woodroffe
Sir Nicholas Woodroffe Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1572—1573 CE. Mayor from 1579—1580 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Son of David Woodroffe.Sir Nicholas Woodroffe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Thomas Pullyson is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anthony Gamage is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Kympton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir George Barne
Sir George Barne Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1573—1574 CE. Mayor from 1586—1587 CE. Member of the Haberdashers’ Company. Not to be confused with Sir George Barne.Sir George Barne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Hart is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir William Rowe
William Rowe Sheriff Mayor
(d. 1593)Sheriff of London from 1582—1583 CE. Mayor from 1592—1593 CE. Member of the Ironmongers’ Company. Buried at St. Laurence, Jewry.Sir William Rowe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Haydon is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Masham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Billingsley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Prannell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Howse
Robert Howse Sheriff
(d. 1586)Sheriff of London from in 1586 CE. Member of the Clothworkers’ Company. Buried in All Hallows Church.Robert Howse is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Elkyn is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Catcher is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Martin Calthorpe
Sir Martin Calthorpe Sheriff Mayor
(d. 9 May 1589)Sheriff of London from 1579—1580 CE. Mayor from 1588—1589 CE. Member of the Drapers’ Company. Buried in St. Peter le Poor.Sir Martin Calthorpe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Gourney is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen Soame is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Mosley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Brooke is mentioned in the following documents:
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William Ryder is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Garrade is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Taylor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul Bayning is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir Cuthbert Buckle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Lee
Robert Lee Sheriff Mayor
Sheriff of London from 1594—1595 CE. Mayor from 1602—1603 CE. Member of the Merchant Taylors’ Company.Robert Lee is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Bennett is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sir John Spencer is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thomas Lowe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Watts is mentioned in the following documents:
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Richard Goddard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Billingsley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry Rowe is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Moore is mentioned in the following documents:
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Edward Holmedon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Robert Hampson is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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Pope’s Head Alley
Pope’s Head Alley ran south from Cornhill to Lombard Street, and was named for the Pope’s Head Tavern that stood at its northern end. Although it does not appear on the Agas Map, its approximate location can be surmised since all three streets still exist. Although Stow himself does not discuss Pope’s Head Alley directly, his book wasImprinted by Iohn Wolfe, Printer to the honorable Citie of London: And are to be sold at his shop within the Popes head Alley in Lombard street. 1598
(Stow 1598). Booksellers proliferated Alley in the early years of the 17th century (Sugden 418).Pope’s Head Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lombard Street
Lombard Street runs east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry. The Agas map labels itLombard streat.
Lombard Street limns the south end of Langbourn Ward, but borders three other wards: Walbrook Ward to the south east, Bridge Within Ward to the south west, and Candlewick Street Ward to the south.Lombard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Wall
Originally built as a Roman fortification for the provincial city of Londinium in the second century C.E., the London Wall remained a material and spatial boundary for the city throughout the early modern period. Described by Stow ashigh and great,
the London Wall dominated the cityscape and spatial imaginations of Londoners for centuries. Increasingly, the eighteen-foot high wall created a pressurized constraint on the growing city; the various gates functioned as relief valves where development spilled out to occupy spacesoutside the wall.
The Wall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Portsoken Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Portsoken Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Tower Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Aldgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lime Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Lime Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Bishopsgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Broad Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornhill Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Cornhill Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Langbourn Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Langbourn Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Billingsgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Within Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Bridge Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Candlewick Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Candlewick Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Walbrook Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Dowgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vintry Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Vintry Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainer Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Cordwainer Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheap Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Cheap Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coleman Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Coleman Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bassinghall Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Bassinghall Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Cripplegate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Aldersgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Within Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Farringdon Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Bread Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queenhithe Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Queenhithe Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Baynard Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Castle Baynard Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Without Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Farringdon Without Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Without Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Bridge Without Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Temple Bar
Temple Bar was one of the principle entrances to the city of London, dividing the Strand to the west and Fleet Street to the east. It was an ancient right of way and toll gate. Walter Thornbury dates the wooden gate structure shown in the Agas Map to the early Tudor period, and describes a number of historical pageants that processed through it, including the funeral procession of Henry V, and it was the scene of King James I’s first entry to the city (Thornbury 1878). The wooden structure was demolished in 1670 and a stone gate built in its place (Sugden 505).Temple Bar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Thames is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ludgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watling Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate
Aldgate was the easternmost gate into the walled city. The nameAldgate
is thought to come from one of four sources: Æst geat meaningEastern gate
(Ekwall 36), Alegate from the Old English ealu meaningale,
Aelgate from the Saxon meaningpublic gate
oropen to all,
or Aeldgate meaningold gate
(Bebbington 20–1).Aldgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet River is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Theatre
The history of the two Blackfriars theatres is long and fraught with legal and political struggles. The story begins in 1276, when King Edward I gave to the Dominican order five acres of land.Blackfriars Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorfields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bevis Marks (Street)
Bevis Marks was a street south of the City Wall that ran east-west from Shoemaker Row to the north end of St. Mary Axe Street. It was in Aldgate Ward. Bevis Marks was continued by Duke’s Place.Bevis Marks (Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (London Wall)
All Hallows, London Wall is a church built east of Bishopsgate, near or on the City Wall. The church is visible on the Agas map northwest of Broad Street and up against the south side of the City Wall. The labelAll Haloues in y Wall
is west of the church. In his description of Broad Street Ward, Stow notes only the location of the church and the three distinguished people interred therein by 1601.All Hallows (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Posterngate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate
Cripplegate was one of the original gates in the city wall (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 221; Harben). It was the northern gate of a large fortress that occupied the northwestern corner of the Roman city.Cripplegate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clement’s Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerkenwell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Skinner’s Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tode Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Loders Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Radwell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smithfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horsepool
Also known as Smithfield Pond.Horsepool is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles (Cripplegate)
For information about St. Giles, Cripplegate, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on St. Giles, Cripplegate.St. Giles (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s le Grand is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Bridge
Holborn Bridge or Oldboorne bridge (Stow; BHO) spanned the Fleet Ditch at Holborn Street. Located in the ward of Farringdon Without, the bridge was part of a major westward thoroughfare.Holborn Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inner Temple
Inner Temple was one of the four Inns of CourtInner Temple is mentioned in the following documents:
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Baynard’s Castle
Located on the banks of the Thames, Baynard’s Castle was built sometime in the late eleventh centuryby Baynard, a Norman who came over with William the Conqueror
(Weinreb and Hibbert 129). The castle passed to Baynard’s heirs until one William Baynard,who by forfeyture for fellonie, lost his Baronie of little Dunmow
(Stow 1:61). From the time it was built, Baynard’s Castle wasthe headquarters of London’s army until the reign of Edward I (1271-1307) when it was handed over to the Dominican Friars, the Blackfriars whose name is still commemorated along that part of the waterfront
(Hibbert 10).Baynard’s Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hampstead Heath is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Priory
Holy Trinity Priory, located west of Aldgate and north of Leadenhall Street, was an Augustinian Priory. Stow notes that Queen Matilda established the Priory in 1108in the parishes of Saint Marie Magdalen, S. Michael, S. Katherine, and the blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the holy Trinitie
(Stow). Before Matilda united these parishes under the name Holy Trinity Priory, they were collectively known as the Holy Cross or Holy Roode parish (Stow; Harben).Holy Trinity Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street
Bread Street ran north-south from the Standard in Cheapside to Knightrider Street, crossing Watling Street. It lay wholly in the ward of Bread Street, to which it gave its name.Bread Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Spital
St. Mary Spital was an Augustinian Priory and Hospital on the east side of Bishopsgate Street. The Priory dates from 1197. The old precinct of St. Mary Spital is visible on the Agas map. The church itself was demolished after the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. By the time the Agas map was drawn, many of the priory buildings had been removed and the area appears sparse.St. Mary Spital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen Walbrook is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fenchurch Street
Fenchurch Street (often called Fennieabout) ran east-west from the pump on Aldgate High Street to Gracechurch Street in Langbourne Ward, crossing Mark Lane, Mincing Lane, and Rodd Lane along the way. Fenchurch Street was home to several famous landmarks, including the King’s Head Tavern, where the then-Princess Elizabeth is said to have partaken inpork and peas
after her sister, Mary I, released her from the Tower of London in May of 1554 (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 288). Fenchurch Street was on the royal processional route through the city, toured by monarchs on the day before their coronations.Fenchurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gracechurch Street
Gracechurch Street ran north-south from Cornhill Street near Leadenhall Market to the bridge. At the southern end, it was calledNew Fish Street.
North of Cornhill, Gracechurch continued as Bishopsgate Street, leading through Bishop’s Gate out of the walled city into the suburb of Shoreditch.Gracechurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Woolnoth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sherborne Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clement Danes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clements Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James (Clerkenwell) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Annis a Cleare is mentioned in the following documents:
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Perilous Pond is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles Churchyard (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Conduit (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornhill
Cornhill was a significant thoroughfare and was part of the cityʼs main major east-west thoroughfare that divided the northern half of London from the southern half. The part of this thoroughfare named Cornhill extended from St. Andrew Undershaft to the three-way intersection of Threadneedle, Poultry, and Cornhill where the Royal Exchange was built. The nameCornhill
preserves a memory both of the cornmarket that took place in this street, and of the topography of the site upon which the Roman city of Londinium was built.Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate
Billingsgate (Bylynges gate or Belins Gate), a water-gate and harbour located on the north side of the Thames between London Bridge and the Tower of London, was London’s principal dock in Shakespeare’s day. Its age and the origin of its name are uncertain. It was probably built ca. 1000 in response to the rebuilding of London Bridge in the tenth or eleventh century.Billingsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Standard (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldermanbury Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Street
Fleet Street runs east-west from Temple Bar to Fleet Hill (Ludgate Hill), and is named for the Fleet River. The road has existed since at least the 12th century (Sugden 195) and known since the 14th century as Fleet Street (Beresford 26). It was the location of numerous taverns including the Mitre and the Star and the Ram.Fleet Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stocks Market
The Stocks Market was a significant market forfish and flesh
in early modern London, located south of Poultry, north of Bucklersbury, and west of Walbrook Street in Cornhill Ward (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 879). The building of the Stocks Market was commissioned by lord mayor Henry le Wales in 1283 and, according to the editors of The London Encyclopedia, is named after thethe only fixed pair of stocks in the city
(Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 879). It was destroyed in the Great Fire of London, rebuilt, and then replaced in 1739 by the Mansion House, which is the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London.Stocks Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lothbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coleman Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Bridge
From the time the first wooden bridge in London was built by the Romans in 52 CE until 1729 when Putney Bridge opened, London Bridge was the only bridge across the Thames in London. During this time, several structures were built upon the bridge, though many were either dismantled or fell apart. John Stow’s 1598 A Survey of London claims that the contemporary version of the bridge was already outdated by 994, likely due to the bridge’s wooden construction (Stow 1:21).London Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen Old Fish Street (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Cole Abbey (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broken Wharf
A wharf opposite of St. Mary Somerset Church.Broken Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cathedral
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In 962, while London was occupied by the Danes, St. Paul’s monastery was burnt and raised anew. The church survived the Norman conquest of 1066, but in 1087 it was burnt again. An ambitious Bishop named Maurice took the opportunity to build a new St. Paul’s, even petitioning the king to offer a piece of land belonging to one of his castles (Times 115). The building Maurice initiated would become the cathedral of St. Paul’s which survived until the Great Fire of 1666.St. Paul’s Cathedral is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tyburn
Tyburn is best known as the location of the principal gallows where public executions were carried out from the late 12th century until the 18th (Drouillard, Wikipedia). It was a village to the west of the city, near the present-day location of Marble Arch (beyond the boundary of the Agas Map). Its name derives from a stream, and its significance to Stow was primarily as one of the sources of piped water for the city; he describes howIn the yeare 1401. this prison house called the Tunne was made a Cesterne for sweete water conueyed by pipes of Leade frõ the towne of Tyborne, and was from thence forth called the conduite vpon Cornhill...
(Stow 1598,Cornhill Ward.
)Tyburn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Highbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Ditch
TheTower Ditch, or Tower Moat, was part of the Tower of London’s medieval defences. It was built by the Bishop of Ely while King Richard I was crusading in the Holy Land (1187-1192) (Harben). The ditch was used as a dumping ground for plague victim corpses, human waste from the Tower, and meat carcasses from East Smithfield market.Tower Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Town Ditch
A ditch to the north of Christ’s Hospital, filled in by 1552.Town Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Overie (Southwark Cathedral)
For information about St. Marie Overie (now known as Southwark Cathedral), a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on St. Marie Overie.St. Mary Overie (Southwark Cathedral) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey was a historically significant church, located on the bottom-left corner of the Agas map. Colloquially known asPoets’ Corner,
it is the final resting place of Geoffrey Chaucer, Ben Jonson, Francis Beaumont, and many other notable authors; in 1740, a monument for William Shakespeare was erected in Westminster Abbey (ShaLT).Westminster Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Stone
London Stone was, literally, a stone that stood on the south side of what is now Cannon Street (formerly Candlewick Street). Probably Roman in origin, it is one of London’s oldest relics. On the Agas map, it is visible as a small rectangle between Saint Swithin’s Lane and Walbrook, just below thend
consonant cluster in the labelLondonston.
London Stone is mentioned in the following documents:
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Botolph’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of St. Thomas on the Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queenhithe
Queenhithe is one of the oldest havens or harbours for ships along the Thames. Hyd is an Anglo-Saxon word meaninglanding place.
Queenhithe was known in the ninth century as Aetheredes hyd orthe landing place of Aethelred.
Aethelred was the son-in-law of Alfred the Great (the first king to unify England and have any real authority over London), anealdorman
(i.e., alderman) of the former kingdom of Mercia, and ruler of London (Sheppard 70).Queenhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Bridge (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Lane
Cow Lane, located in the Ward of Farringdon Without, began at Holborn Street, and then curved north and east to West Smithfield. Smithfield was a meat market, so the street likely got its name because cows were led through it to market (Bebbington 100). Just as Ironmonger Lane and Milk Street in Cheapside market were named for the goods located there, these streets leading into Smithfield meat market were named for the animals that could be bought there.Cow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chick Lane (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christ’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Precinct is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell
Bridewell, once palace, then prison, was an intriguing site in the early modern period. It changed hands several times before falling into the possession of the City of London to be used as a prison and hospital. The prison is mentioned in many early modern texts, including plays by Jonson and Dekker as well as the surveys and diaries of the period. Bridewell is located on the Agas map at the corner of the Thames and Fleet Ditch, labelled asBrideWell.
Bridewell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horshew Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John the Baptist (Walbrook) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Street
Tower Street ran east-west from Tower Hill in the east to St. Andrew Hubbard church. It was the principal street of Tower Street Ward. That the ward is named after the street indicates the cultural significance of Tower Street, which was a key part of the processional route through London and home to many wealthy merchants who traded in the goods that were unloaded at the docks and quays immediately south of Tower Street (for example, Billingsgate, Wool Key, and Galley Key).Tower Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eastcheap
Eastcheap Street ran east-west, from Tower Street to St. Martin’s Lane. West of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street, Eastcheap was known asGreat Eastcheap.
The portion of the street to the east of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street was known asLittle Eastcheap.
Eastcheap (Eschepe or Excheapp) was the site of a medieval food market.Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Candlewick Street
Candlewick, or Candlewright Street as it was sometimes called, ran east-west from Walbrook in the west to the beginning of Eastcheap at its eastern terminus. Candlewick became Eastcheap somewhere around St. Clements Lane, and led into a great meat market (Stow 1:217). Together with streets such as Budge Row, Watling Street, and Tower Street, which all joined into each other, Candlewick formed the main east-west road through London between Ludgate and Posterngate.Candlewick Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Budge Row
Budge Row ran east-west through Cordwainer Street ward. It passed through the ward from Soper Lane in the west to Walbrook in the east. Beyond Soper Lane, Budge Row became Watling Street. Before it came to be known as Budge Row, it once formed part of Watling Street, one of the Roman roads (Weinreb and Hibbert 107).Budge Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bethnall Green is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goswell Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Islington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Golden Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tottenham Ct. Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph without Bishopsgate
St. Botolph without Bishopsgate stood on the west side of Bishopsgate Street north of Bishopsgate. It was in Bishopsgate Ward. St. Botolph without Bishopsgate is featured on the Agas map, south of Bethlehem Hospital and west of Houndsditch. It is labelledS. Buttolphes.
St. Botolph without Bishopsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Berwardes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate Street
Bishopsgate Street ran north from Cornhill Street to the southern end of Shoreditch Street at the city boundary. South of Cornhill, the road became Gracechurch Street, and the two streets formed a major north-south artery in the eastern end of the walled city of London, from London Bridge to ShoreditchImportant sites included: Bethlehem Hospital, commonly corrupted to the short form -bedlam, a mental hospital and Bull Inn, where plays were performedbefore Shakespeare’s time
(Weinreb and Hibbert 67).Bishopsgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bethlehem Hospital
Although its name evokes the pandemonium of the archetypal madhouse, Bethlehem (Bethlem, Bedlam) Hospital was not always an asylum. As John Stow tells us, Saint Mary of Bethlehem began as aPriorie of Cannons with brethren and sisters,
founded in 1247 by Simon Fitzmary,one of the Sheriffes of London
(1.164). We know from Stow’s Survey that the hospital, part of Bishopsgate ward (without), resided on the west side of Bishopsgate street, just north of St. Botolph’s church (2.73; 1.165).Bethlehem Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Gregory by St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles (Cripplegate) (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne Blackfriars (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christ Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paternoster Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ave Maria Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bowyer Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Street
Cheapside, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside was the centre of London’s wealth, with many mercers’ and goldsmiths’ shops located there. It was also the most sacred stretch of the processional route, being traced both by the linear east-west route of a royal entry and by the circular route of the annual mayoral procession.Cheapside Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Change is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carter Lane
Carter Lane ran east-west between Creed Lane in the west, past Paul’s Chain, to Old Change in the East. It ran parallel to St. Paul’s Churchyard in the north and Knightrider Street in the south. It lay within Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Ward Within. It is labelled asCarter lane
on the Agas map.Carter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Creed Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Shambles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartolomew’s Priory
A priory of Augustinian canons once encompassing St. Bartholomew the Great, St. Bartholomew the Less, and St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. Dissolved by Henry VIII.St. Bartolomew’s Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Steelyard
The Steelyard was the chief outpost of the Hanseatic League in the city of London. Located on the north side of the River Thames, slightly west of London Bridge, the Steelyard was home to many wealthy German merchants from the thirteenth century to the end of the sixteenth. It was the central Kontor, or community, of the Hanseatic League in England. The League defined itself asa firm confederatio of many [German] cities, towns, and communities [designed] for the purpose of ensuring that business enterprises by land and sea should have a desired and favorable outcome and that there should be effective protection against piracies and highwaymen, so that their ambushes should not rob merchants of the goods and valuables
(Lloyd 7).The Steelyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wolsies Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Swan Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Poultney is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Orgar
The church of St. Martin Orgar, named for Dean Orgar who gave the church to the canons, has been wrongly located by the maker of the Agas map. The church is drawn in Bridge Ward Within, south of Crooked Lane and west of New Fish Street on St. Michael’s Lane. However, the church was actually located one block northwest in Candlewick Street Ward, on the east side of St. Martin’s Lane just south of Candlewick Street.St. Martin Orgar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Somar’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smart’s Key
One of the Legal Quays, Smart’s Key was primarily involved in the trade of fish. Named after its original owner, a Master Smart, the key eventually came into the possession of London’s fraternity of cordwainers. It is perhaps most notorious for being the location of an alehouse that in 1585 was converted by a man named Wotton into a training ground for aspiring cut-purses and pickpockets. The key was an important landing place for merchant vessels throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.Smart’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watergate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Custom House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Custom Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Water Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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East Smithfield
East Smithfield is a district located east of the City of London and northeast of the Tower of London. Its name derives fromsmoothfield ,
with the prefixeast
helping to differentiate it from the Smithfield northwest of Cripplegate (Harben). As time progressed, it transformed from what Stow describes as aplot of ground
with very few houses into a densely populated area by the mid-seventeenth century(Stow; Harben).East Smithfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Alban (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s Hospital
St. Katherine’s Hospital was a religious hospital founded in 1148 by Queen Matilda on land provided by Holy Trinity Priory. The hospital was at the southern end of St. Katherine’s Lane and north of the St. Katherine Steps on the Thames, all of which is east of the Tower of London and Little Tower Hill. Stow praised the choir of the hospital, noting how itwas not much inferior to that of [St.] Paules [Cathedral]
(Stow).St. Katherine’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gutter Lane
Gutter Lane ran north-south from Cheapside to Maiden Lane. It is to the west of Wood Street and to the east of Foster Lane, lying within the north-eastern most area of Farringdon Ward Within and serving as a boundary to Aldersgate ward. It is labelled asGoutter Lane
on the Agas map.Gutter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John’s of Jerusalem is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Hill
Tower Hill was a large area of open ground north and west of the Tower of London. It is most famous as a place of execution; there was a permanent scaffold and gallows on the hillfor the execution of such Traytors or Transgressors, as are deliuered out of the Tower, or otherwise to the Shiriffes of London
(Stow).Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop’s Palace
Bishop’s Palace was located on the north-west side of St. Paul’s Church. It was bordered on the north by Paternoster Row and on the west by Ave Maria Lane. It is not labelled on the Agas map.Bishop’s Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Montfichet’s Tower
Montfichet’s Tower was a fortress on Ludgate Hill in London.Montfichet’s Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Monastery is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bride is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Redcross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbican (Tower) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Houndsditch
Houndsditch was a street outside the city walls running slightly northwest from Aldgate Street (without Aldgate) to Bishopsgate Street. It was within the wards of Portsoken and Bishopsgate. The street was formed as people began to build houses on the bank of the city ditch. As the ditch became filled with rubbish and detritus, it was levelled off and turned into gardens (Stow) before finally being paved in 1503 (Harben). Stow mentions that the street’s name came from citizens throwingdead Dogges
into the city ditch (Stow).Houndsditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbican
Barbican was a historically significant street that ran east-west, connecting Aldersgate Street in the west with Redcross Street and Golden Lane in the east. Barbican wasmore then halfe
contained by Cripplegate Ward, with the rest lying within Aldersgate Ward (Stow 1:291). The street is labeled on the Agas map asBarbican.
Barbican is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael Paternoster Royal (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Saviour (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Rounceval is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charing Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Le Bow is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan in the West is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anthony is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Holborn
St. Andrew Holborn was a parish church in Farringdon Without Ward, located on Holborn street between Fetter Lane and Shoe Lane. It is located on the Agas map and is labelled asS. Andrews.
According to Stow, there was a grammar school, as well a monument dedicated to Lord Thomas Wriothesley either within or nearby St. Andrew Holborn (Stow). The church was first mentioned in Charter of King Edgar in 951. This medieval church was rebuilt in 1632 and managed to escape damage caused by the Great Fire. Christopher Wren rebuilt the church in 1684 making itthe largest of his parish churches, measuring 32 by 19 meters and costing £9,000
(Weinreb and Hibbert 741).St. Andrew Holborn is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows the Great
All Hallows the Great was a church located on the south side of Thames Street and on the east side of Church Lane. Stow describes it as afaire church with a large cloyster,
but remarks that it has beenfoulely defaced & ruinated
(Stow). It no longer exists in modern London.All Hallows the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thames Street
Thames Street was the longest street in early modern London, running east-west from the ditch around the Tower of London in the east to St. Andrew’s Hill and Puddle Wharf in the west, almost the complete span of the city within the walls.Thames Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter upon Cornhill
St. Peter upon Cornhill stood at the highest point of the city, on the south side of Cornhill street near the corner of Gracechurch Street. It lies in the south east of Cornhill ward and is featured on the Agas map with the labelS. Peter.
St. Peter upon Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mercers’ Hall
The hall of the Mercers’ Company was located on the north side of Cheapside Street by the Great Conduit.Mercers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s School is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rose, Manor of is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew the Great (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Knightrider Street
Knightrider Street ran east-west from Dowgate to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons.Knightrider Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gresham House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Royal Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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Serjeants’ Inn (Chancery Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chancery Lane
Chancery Lane was built sometime around 1160 by the Knights Templar on land they owned. It ran north-south between Fleet Street at the south end to Holborn in the North, and was originally called New Street. The current name dates from the time of Ralph Neville, who was Bishop of Chichester and Lord Chancellor of England (Bebbington 78). The area around the street came into his possession whenin 1227 Henry III gave him land for a palace in this lane: hence Bishop’s Court and Chichester Rents, small turnings out of Chancery Lane
(Bebbington 78).Chancery Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple
Middle Temple was one of the four Inns of CourtMiddle Temple is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clifford’s Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery.Clifford’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thavies Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Furnivals Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barnards Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Staple Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery.Staple Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gray’s Inn
Gray’s Inn was one of the four Inns of Court.Gray’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lincoln’s Inn
Lincoln’s Inn was one of the four Inns of Court.Lincoln’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery.New Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lyon’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strand Bridge
According to Sugden, Strand Bridge wasA bdge. that crossed the brookrunning from St. Clements Well across from the S. and down S. Lane, Lond.
(Sugden 489). Stow (pp. 91-97) tells us that the bridge and a number of other features including several inns and tenements werepulled downe, and made leuell ground, in the yeare 1549. In place whereof he builded that large and goodly house, now called Somerset house.
Strand Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Somerset House
Somerset House (labelled asSomerset Palace
on the Agas map) was a significant site for royalty in early modern London. Erected in 1550 on The Strand between Ivy Bridge Lane and Strand Lane, it was built for Lord Protector Somerset and was was England’s first Renaissance palace.Somerset House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Soper Lane
Soper Lane was located in the Cordwainers Street Ward just west of Walbrook and south of Cheapside. Soper Lane was home to many of the soap makers and shoemakers of the city (Stow 1:251). Soper Lane was on the processional route for the lord mayor’s shows.Soper Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bucklersbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Axe Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Fish Street
New Fish Street (also known in the seventeenth century as Bridge Street) ran north-south from London Bridge at the south to the intersection of Eastcheap, Gracechurch Street, and Little Eastcheap in the north (Harben; BHO). At the time, it was the main thoroughfare to London Bridge (Sugden 191). It ran on the boundary between Bridge Within Ward on the west and Billingsgate Ward on the east. It is labelled on the Agas map asNew Fyshe streate.
Variant spellings includeStreet of London Bridge,
Brigestret,
Brugestret,
andNewfishstrete
(Harben; BHO).New Fish Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ironmonger Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Jewry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hosier Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainer Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary-Le-Bow Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Birchin Lane
Birchin Lane was a short street running north-south between Cornhill Street and Lombard Street. The north end of Birchin Lane lay in Cornhill Ward, and the south end in Langbourne Ward.Birchin Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Poultry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rodd Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Warwick Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Curtain
In 1577, the Curtain, a second purpose-built London playhouse arose in Shoreditch, just north of the City of London. The Curtain, a polygonal amphitheatre, became a major venue for theatrical and other entertainments until at least 1622 and perhaps as late as 1698. Most major playing companies, including the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, the Queen’s Men, and Prince Charles’s Men, played there. It is the likely site for the premiere of Shakespeare’s plays Romeo and Juliet and Henry V.The Curtain is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles in the Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Hall
Westminster Hall isthe only surviving part of the original Palace of Westminster
(Weinreb and Hibbert 1011) and is located on the west side of the Thames. It is located on the bottom left-hand corner of the Agas map, and is labelled asWestmynster hall.
Originally built as an extension to Edward the Confessor’s palace in 1097, the hall served as the setting for banquets through the reigns of many kings.Westminster Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greenwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Undershaft
St. Andrew Undershaft stands at the southeast corner of St. Mary Axe Street in Aldgate Ward.The church of St. Andrew Undershaft is the final resting place of John Stow.St. Andrew Undershaft is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Undershaft (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Conduit (Cheapside)
The Little Conduit in Cheapside, also known as the Pissing Conduit, stood at the western end of Cheapside outside the north corner of Paul’s Churchyard. On the Agas map, one can see two water cans on the ground just to the right of the conduit.Little Conduit (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Gracechurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James Park is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Field
Finsbury Field is located in northen London outside the The Wall. Note that MoEML correctly locates Finsbury Field, which the label on the Agas map confuses with Mallow Field (Prockter 40). Located nearby is Finsbury Court. Finsbury Field is outside of the city wards within the borough of Islington(Mills 81).Finsbury Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (Cornhill)
Not labelled on the Agas map, the Conduit upon Cornhill is thought to have been located in the middle of Cornhill andopposite the north end of Change Alley and the eastern side of the Royal Exchange
(Harben; BHO). Formerly a prison, it was built to bring fresh water from Tyburn to Cornhill.Conduit (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Aldermanbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Street Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldermanbury
Aldermanbury ran north-south, between Lad Lane in the south and Love Lane in the north and parallel between Wood Street in the west and Basinghall Street in the east. It lay wholly in Cripplegate Ward.Aldermanbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Street
Aldgate Street ran slightly south-west from Aldgate until it reached a pump, formerly a sweet well. At that point, the street forked into two streets. The northern branch, called Aldgate Street, ran west until it ran into Cornhill at Lime Street. At an earlier point in history, Cornhill seems to have extended east past Lime Street because the church of St. Andrew Undershaft was called St. Andrew upon Cornhill (Harben).Aldgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lime Street
Lime Street is a street that ran north-south from Leadenhall Street in the north to Fenchurch Street in the south. It was west of St. Andrew Undershaft and east of Leadenhall. It appears that the street was so named because people made or sold Lime there (Stow; BHO). This claim has some historical merit; in the 1150s one Ailnoth the limeburner lived in the area (Harben; BHO).Lime Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bow Lane
Bow Lane ran north-south between Cheapside and Old Fish Street in the ward of Cordwainer Street. At Watling Street, it became Cordwainer Street, and at Old Fish Street it became Garlick Hill. Garlick Hill-Bow Lane was built in the 890s to provide access from the port of Queenhithe to the great market of Cheapside (Sheppard 70–71).Bow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (Lothbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grocers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mildred (Poultry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tallow Chandlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Skinners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elbow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greenwich Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. Farringdon Ward is the name of the larger single ward predating both Farringdon Within and Without.Farringdon Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Bars
The Aldgate Bars were posts that marked the eastern limits of the City of London. They were located at the western end of Whitechapel and the eastern end of Aldgate Street. Stow makes no attempt to describe them in detail apart from mentioning their geographic importance as boundary markers (Stow). The bars were removed in the eighteenth century (Harben).Aldgate Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dodding Pond
Dodding Pond may have been a lane somewhere east of the Tower of London and near the Abbey of St. Mary Graces (Harben).Dodding Pond is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Aldgate)
St. Botolph, Aldgate was a parish church near Aldgate at the junction of Aldgate Street and Houndsditch. It was located in Portsoken Ward on the north side of Aldgate Street. Stow notes that theChurch hath beene lately new builded at the speciall charges of the Priors of the holy Trinitie
before the Priory was dissolved in 1531 (Stow).St. Botolph (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Suburb Without the Wall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abbey of St. Mary Graces
The Abbey of St. Mary Graces is a chapel built in around 1350 within the Holy Trinity Churchyard and later a large monastery controlled by the Cistercian order (Harben). The abbey was built within the aforementioned churchyard, east of Little Tower Hill and south of Hog Lane (East Smithfield).Abbey of St. Mary Graces is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Churchyard (East Smithfield)
A component of London’s pestilential past, Holy Trinity Churchyard in East Smithfield was a graveyard for victims of London’s first great plague. The churchyard was east of Little Tower Hill, south of Hog Lane (East Smithfield) and north of St. Katherine’s Hospital. As the number of plague victims increased, these graveyards ran out of space and Holy Trinity Priory was used to ensure that the dead were buried in holy ground.Holy Trinity Churchyard (East Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchant Taylors’ Almshouses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hog Lane (East Smithfield)
Hog Lane ran east-west into the north-east corner of Little Tower Hill. It should not be confused with the Hog Lane north of Houndsditch. Hog Lane, also called Hog Street in Stow’s Survey of London, was renamed Rosemary Lane in the seventeenth century.Hog Lane (East Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abbey of St. Clare
The Abbey of St. Clare was an abbey of nuns of the second order of St. Francis set up in 1293 by Edmund, earl of Lancaster, who was King Edward I’s brother (Stow). The abbey itself was on the northeast side of the Minories. It occupied five acres of land. Both the pope and the king gave the abbey special privileges: the abbey and its inhabitants were exempt from paying tenths and lived in a liberty outside the jurisdiction of the City of London, a liberty that exists to the present day (Harben).Abbey of St. Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church of St. Trinity is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitechapel
Whitechapel was a street running east-west to the Aldgate Bars from the east. Stow comments that the street, like Aldgate Street, wasfully replenished with buildings outward, & also pestered with diuerse Allyes, on eyther side
(Stow).Whitechapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lumley House
Lumley House was a large house on the west side of Woodroffe Lane, north of Tower Hill. It was built bySir Thomas Wiat the father, vpon one plotte of ground of late pertayning to the foresaid Crossed Fryers
during the reign of Henry VIII (Stow). For Stow, the house was an important boundary marker for Aldgate Ward; it was the most southern point. However, he did not record anything about the house itself.Lumley House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scaffold on Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chick Lane (Tower Street Ward)
Chick Lane ran north-south from Tower Hill into Tower Street. Stow confirms that it ranon the east of Barking church.
It is likely that Chick Lane also featured thediuers houses lately builded, and other incrochmentes
found directly above the lane on the west side of Tower Hill (Stow).Chick Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows Barking
The church of All Hallows Barking is in Tower Street Ward on the southeast corner of Seething Lane and on the north side of Tower Street. Stow describes it as afayre parish Church.
All Hallows Barking is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret Pattens is mentioned in the following documents:
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Seething Lane
Seething Lane ran north-south from the junction of Hart Street and Crutch Fryers through to Tower Street. The lane, in Tower Street Ward, was marked by a church at each end; on the northwest corner stood St. Olave, Hart Street and on the southeast corner was All Hallows Barking. Stow describes the lane as one withdiuers fayre and large houses
(Stow).Seething Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hart Street
Hart Street ran east-west from Crutched Fryers and the north end of Seething Lane to Mark Lane. In Stow’s time, the street began much further east, running from the north end of Woodroffe Lane to Mark Lane (Harben; Stow).Hart Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Hart Street)
The church of St. Olave, Hart Street is found on the south side of Hart Street and the northwest corner of Seething Lane in Tower Street Ward. It has been suggested that the church was founded and built before the Norman conquest of 1066 (Harben). Aside from mentioning the nobility buried in St. Olave’s, Stow is kind enough to describe the church asa proper [i.e. appropriate] parrish
(Stow). Samuel Pepys is buried in this church.St. Olave (Hart Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Woodroffe Lane
Woodroffe Lane ran north-south from Crutched Friars south to Tower Hill. The lane was in Aldgate Ward and was named after the Woodruffe family (Harben). Stow writes that the lane was a place of great benevolence. There were fourteenproper almes houses
built from brick and wood in Woodruffe Lane and the tenantshaue their dewllinges rent free, and ii.s. iiii.d. the peece: the first day of euery moneth for euer
(Stow).Woodroffe Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mark Lane
Mark Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower Street. It wasfor the most parte of this Towerstreet warde
(Stow). The north end of the street, from Fenchurch Street to Hart Street was divided between Aldgate Ward and Landbourn Ward. Stow says Mark Lane wasso called of a Priuiledge sometime enjoyed to keepe a mart there, long since discontinued, and therefore forgotten, so as nothing remaineth for memorie
(Stow). Modern scholars have suggested that it was instead named after the mart, where oxen were fattened for slaughter (Harben).Mark Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blanch Appleton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mincing Lane
Mincing Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower Street. All of the street was part of Tower Street Wardexcept the corner house[s] towardes Fenchurch streete,
which were in Langbourn Ward (Stow). Stow notes that the street was named aftertenements there sometime pertayning to the Minchuns or Nunnes of Saint Helens in Bishopsgate streete
(Stow). Stow also makes a definitive link between the lane and London’s commercial history.Mincing Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clothworkers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Griste’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beer Lane
Beer Lane ran north-south from Tower Street to Thames Street in Tower Street Ward. Stow notes that Beer Lane includedmany faire houses.
Beer Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Harp Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bakers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (Tower Street Ward)
Church Lane was a semi-circular lane that wrapped around the south side of the parish church of St. Dunstan in the East, in Tower Street Ward. Both ends of Church Lane led south off Tower Street.Church Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Galley Row
Galley Row was a short quadrant on the south side of Tower Street between Harp lane and the eastern end of Church lane, so calledbecause Galley men dwelled there
(Stow).Galley Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan in the East is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary at Hill Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fowle Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Passeke’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horner’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Port of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wool Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Porter’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Galley Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Petty Wales is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitehall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Britain is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Vintry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cobham’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Northumberland House (Crutched Friars Lane)
Northumberland House was a stately home in Crutched Friars Lane, south of Aldgate. It was built by and named after Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, in 1455 (Harben). Stow records that by 1598, the house had been abandoned and that the gardens had been turned into one of the first bowling alleys, where all and sundry could bowl and gamble.Northumberland House (Crutched Friars Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bricklayers’ Hall
The Bricklayers’ Hall was east of Billiter Lane and stood on the south side of the street running west from the water pump near Aldgate. This street was named Leadenhall Street in the seventeenth century but was considered part of Aldgate Street when Stow was writing. Stow mentions the hall only in passing in his survey, so he neglects the hall’s appearance and history (Stow). The hall was incorporated in 1568 but by the eighteenth century the Bricklayers had abandoned it. Thereafter, it was used as a synagogue by Dutch Jews (Harben).Bricklayers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sugarloaf Alley
Sugarloaf Alley ran north-south from Leadenhall Street to Fenchurch Street, on the west side of Bricklayers’ Hall. Stow indicates that it was calledSprinckle allie
but had been renamed Sugarloaf Alley after a shop sign.Sugarloaf Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billiter Lane
Billiter Lane ran north-west from Fenchurch to Leadenhall, entirely in Aldgate Ward. Nearby landmarks included Blanch Appleton facing the opening of Billiter Lane on the south side of Fenchurch and Ironmongers’ Hall to the west of Billiter Lane on the north side of Fenchurch. Nearby churches were St. Catherine Cree on Leadenhall and All Hallows Staining adjacent to the Clothworkers’ Hall) and St. Katharine Coleman on Fenchurch. On the Agas map, Billiter Lane is labelledBylleter la.
Billiter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Axe
The church of St. Mary Axe was a church on the west side of St. Mary Axe Street in Lime Street Ward. Stow asserts the church’s full name and dedication wasS. Marie the virgine, Saint Vrsula, and the 11000. Virgins
and believed that its common name, St. Mary Axe, derived from a sign near the church’s east side (Stow). However, a document written during the reign of Henry VIII suggests a different history of its name. The church, dedicated to 11,000 martyred virgins, supposedly contained the three axes that were used in their executions (Harben).St. Mary Axe is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine Papey
St Augustine Papey was a church on the south side of the city wall and opposite the north end of St. Mary Axe Street. The church dated from the twelfth century and in 1442 a fraternity of brothers was installed (Harben). The church and brotherhood were suppressed during the Reformation and Stow tells us the church was pulled down and houses built on the site (Stow).St. Augustine Papey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Culver Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ironmongers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crutched Friars
Crutched Friars was a street that ran east-west from Poor Jewry Lane to the east end of Hart Street above Seething Lane. When Stow wrote, most of Crutched Friars was known as Hart Street, so Stow only uses the name Crutched Friars to refer to Crutched Friars Priory (Harben). Since Stow does not name the street that ran from Aldgate to Woodroffe Lane, it could have been known as Hart Street, Crutched Friars, or something different.Crutched Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Cree
St. Katherine Cree was an old parish church located on the north side of Leadenhall Street between Aldgate and St. Mary Axe. It was in Aldgate Ward. The parish of St. Katherine predates the Holy Trinity Priory, of which St. Katherine’s became a part in 1108, and the church survived the priory’s dissolution in 1531. According to a 1414 decree by the Bishop of London, the church was built so that the priory canons, who had previously shared Christ Church with the laity, had a separate place to worship (Harben; Weinreb and Hibbert 778). Stow reports that the church was so old that one had to descend seven steps to enter it.St. Katherine Cree is mentioned in the following documents:
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Duke’s Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shaft Alley
Shaft Alley was near the northwest corner of Leadenhall Street and St. Mary Axe Street in Lime Street Ward. During the eighteenth century, the alley was directly opposite East India House. Stow says that the name for the alley came from a maypolelaid [on iron hooks] along ouer the doores, and vnder the Pentises of one rowe of houses, and Alley gate, called of the shaft
(Stow). As an eyewitness, Stow recounts that the alley retained its name long after the maypole was sawn into pieces and burnt following a particularly powerful sermon given at St. Paul’s Cross by Stephen, curate of St. Katherine Cree.Shaft Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grey Friars’ Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spittle Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pickering House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fletchers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Wall (street)
London Wall was a long street running along the inside of the northern part of the City Wall. It ran east-west from the north end of Broad Street to Cripplegate (Prockter and Taylor 43). The modern London Wall street is a major traffic thoroughfare now. It follows roughly the route of the former wall, from Old Broad Street to the Museum of London (whose address is 150 London Wall).London Wall (street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crutched Friars Priory
Crutched Friars Priory was a religious house on the southeast corner of Hart Street (later called Crutched Friars) near the northwest corner of Woodroffe Lane. It was in Aldgate Ward and was founded byRaph Hosiar, and William Sabernes, about the yeare 1298
(Stow). The priory stood for nearly 250 years before it was dissolved on 12 November 1539 (Stow).Crutched Friars Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Edmund (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Monte Jovis Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Coleman
St. Katherine Coleman was also called St. Katherine and All Saints and All Hallows Coleman Church (Harben). The church can be found on the Agas map, west of Northumberland House. It is labelled S. Katerin colmans.St. Katherine Coleman is mentioned in the following documents:
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Poor Jewry is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Wrestlers (Lime Street Ward)
The Wrestlers was a house in Bishopsgate Ward located on the north side of Camomile Street, near the city wall and Bishopsgate (Stow; BHO). The house predates the Wrestlers Court located on the opposite (south) side of Camomile Street. Wrestlers Court was named after the house, which was later renamed Clark’s CourtThe Wrestlers (Lime Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Artirce is mentioned in the following documents:
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Benbridges Inn
Benbridges Inn was a large house on the northwest corner of Lime Street. The Inn appears to be named after Ricardus de Pembrugge, a Knight and owner of a large piece of land in Lime Street Ward in 1376 (Harben; BHO). In 1454 the draper Ralph Holland bestowed the large messuage to the Master and Wardens of the Fraternity of Tailors and Linen Armourers of St John the Baptist (Harben; BHO). Soon thereafter they set upa fayre large frame of timber
for a large house and built three other tenement buildings adjoining it (Stow; BHO).Benbridges Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Green Gate
The Green Gate was a house on the south side of Leadenhall Street, east of Leadenhall in Lime Street Ward. Stow’s interest went beyond the building itself and its location; he was confounded by the misdemeanours that occurred within it. The Green Gate was the site of not one but two robberies.The Green Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leaden Porch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross)
If monuments could speak, the Cheapside Cross would have told a tale of kingly love, civic pride, and sectarian violence. The Cross, pictured but not labelled on the Agas map, stood in Cheapside between Friday Street and Wood Street. St. Peter Westcheap lay to its west, on the north side of Cheapside. The prestigious shops of Goldsmiths’ Row were located to the east of the Cross, on the south side of Cheapside. The Standard in Cheapside (also known as the Cheap Standard), a square pillar/conduit that was also a ceremonial site, lay further to the east (Brissenden xi).Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Foster Lane
Foster Lane ran north-south between Cheapside in the south and Oat Lane in the north. It crossed Lily Pot Lane, St. Anne’s Lane, Maiden Lane, and Carey Lane. It sat between St. Martin’s Lane to the west and Gutter Lane to the east. Foster Lane is drawn on the Agas Map in the correct position, labelled asForster Lane.
Foster Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dionis Backchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Outwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Petty France is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fisher’s Folly
Fisher’s Folly was a large house on the east side of Bishopsgate Street, within the boundary of Bishopsgate Ward. Fisher’s Folly is not marked on the Agas map. The site of the house later became Devonshire Square (Harben). The house stood a few houses away from the Dolphin Inn.Fisher’s Folly is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kirkebies Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spinilas Pleasure is mentioned in the following documents:
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Meg’s Glory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hog Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Artillery Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund the Bishop and Mary Magdalen
The Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund and Mary Magdalen was a mortuary chapel in Bishopsgate Ward on the east side of Bishopsgate Street. Prockter and Taylor suggest that the Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund and Mary Magdalen is the long, solitary building within the walled compound northwest of the Artillery Yard on the Agas map. References to this chapel are sparse in historical records, but we know from Stow that itwas founded about the yeare 1391. by William Euesham Citizen and Peperer of London, who was there buried
(Stow).Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund the Bishop and Mary Magdalen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spitalfields
Spitalfields was a large area of open fields east of Bishopsgate Street and a good distance north of Aldgate and Houndsditch. Spitalfields, also recorded asSpittlefields
andLollesworth,
is unmistakable on the Agas map. The large expanse of fields is clearly markedThe Spitel Fyeld.
There have been many relics unearthed during archeological excavations in Spitalfields.Spitalfields is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen (Guildhall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Angel Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Ethelburga
St. Ethelburga was a church on the east side of Bishopsgate Street, south of Bishopsgate and east of St. Mary Axe. The church was in Bishopsgate Ward. St. Ethelburga, described by Stow as asmall Parish Church
(Stow), is located on the Agas map northwest ofS. Elen
and immediately east of thegate
in theBusshopp gate Streate
label.St. Ethelburga is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Helen’s (Bishopsgate)
St. Helen’s was a priory of Benedictine nuns located in Bishopsgate Ward between St. Mary Axe Street and Bishopsgate Street. St. Helen’s is visible on the Agas map with the labelS. Elen
written in the churchyard. Stow and Harben inform us that the priory was set up in 1212 by William Basing, the dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral (Stow; Harben).St. Helen’s (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leathersellers’ Hall
The Leathersellers Hall was a hall belonging to the Leathersellers in Bishopsgate Ward east of Bishopsgate Street and north of St. Helen’s church. The Leathersellers Hall is not instantly recognizable on the Agas map. It is one of the houses north of St. Helen’s church and south of the walled garden by the west end of St. Mary Axe church. The hall is, however, featured on Richard Blome’s 1755 map of Bishopsgate Ward.Leathersellers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crosby Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Street
Broad Street ran north-south from All Hallows, London Wall to Threadneedle Street andto a Pumpe ouer against Saint Bennets church
(Stow). Broad Street, labelledBrode Streat
on the Agas map, was entirely in Broad Street Ward. The street’s name was a reference to its width and importance (Harben).Broad Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter le Poor
St. Peter le Poor was a parish church on the west side of Broad Street. It is visible on the Agas map south of Austin Friars, bearing the number 24. That it wassometime peraduenture a poore Parish
gave it the namele Poor
(Stow). Its name distinguished it from the other London churches dedicated to St. Peter. Stow mentions thatat this present there be many fayre houses, possessed by rich marchants and other
near the church, suggesting that the parish was no longer impoverished (Stow).St. Peter le Poor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Austin Friars
Austin Friars was a church on the west side of Broad Street in Broad Street Ward. It was formerly part of the Priory of Augustine Friars, established in 1253. At the dissolution of the monastery in 1539,the West end [of the church] thereof inclosed from the steeple, and Quier, was in the yeare 1550. graunted to the Dutch Nation in London [by Edward VI], to be their preaching place
(Stow). TheQuier and side Isles to the Quier adioyning, he reserued to housholde vses, as for stowage of corne, coale, and other things
(Stow). The church, completely rebuilt in the nineteenth century and then again mid-way through the twentieth century, still belongs to Dutch Protestants to this day.Austin Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Throgmorton Street
Throgmorton Street was in Broad Street Ward and ran east-west from Broad Street to Lothbury and Bartholomew Lane. Throgmorton Street appears unlabelled on the Agas map running west from Broad Street, under the Drapers’ Hall. Stow’s description of Throgmorton Street is somewhat more detailed than that of other streets because he had a personal connection to it: his father owned land there.Throgmorton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drapers’ Hall
Draper’s Hall was a livery company hall on the north side of Throgmorton Street in Broad Street Ward. On the Agas map, Drapers’ Hall appears as a large house with three round towers, thus resembling the architecture of Hampton Court Palace and some of the college gates at Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Stow records that the hall was built by Sir Thomas Cromwell for his own use as a house. The Drapers bought the house from Henry VIII in 1543, the house having passed into the monarch’s possession after Cromwell’s execution in 1540.Drapers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bartholomew Lane
Bartholomew Lane was in Broad Street Ward and ran north-south from the junction of Throgmorton Street and Lothbury to Threadneedle Street. Bartholomew Lane is visible on the Agas map running southeast on the west side of St. Batholomew by the Exchange. It is labelledbar eelmew la.
Stow was the first to record the street as Bartholomew Lane in the 1598 edition of A Survey.Bartholomew Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
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Threadneedle Street
Threadneedle Street ran east-west from Bishopsgate Street to Cornhill and the Stocks Market. It passed the north end of the Royal Exchange and was entirely in Broad Street Ward. Threadneedle Street, also called Three Needle Street, is clearly visible on the Agas map. It was apparently very well known for its taverns.Threadneedle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finch Lane
Finch Lane (labelledFinke la.
on the Agas map) was a small north-south lane that ran between Threadneedle Street and Cornhill. The north half of the lane was in Broadstreet Ward and the latter half was in Cornhill Ward. It is likely that the lane is named after Robert Finke and his family (son Robert Finke and relatives James and Rosamund).Finch Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scalding Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carpenters’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Curriers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Powlet’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew by the Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abbot of St. Alban’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence (Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchant Taylors’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Manor of Ponington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Brewhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Christopher le Stocks
St. Christopher le Stocks was originally built on Threadneedle Street on the banks of Walbrook before 1225, andwas dedicated to the patron saint of watermen
(Weinreb and Hibbert 751). The church has been known by many names, which includeSt. Christopher upon Cornhull,
St. Christopher in Bradestrete,
andSt. Christopher near le Shambles
(Harben; BHO). Since the 14th century, the church has been known as some variant of St. Christopher le Stocks, which derives from its proximity to the Stocks Market. The church is not labelled, but is identifiable, on the Agas map.St. Christopher le Stocks is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Magnus
The church of St. Magnus the Martyr, believed to be founded some time in the 11th century, was on the south side of Thames Street just north of London Bridge. According to Stow, in its churchyardhaue béene buried many men of good worship, whose monumentes are now for the most part vtterly defaced,
including John Michell, mayor of London in the first part of the 15th century (Stow 1598 167). The church was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, and rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren (Wikipedia).St. Magnus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Weigh House
Weigh House was a building on the north side of Cornhill Ward that was used for weighing imported merchandise. While the house is not labelled on the Agas map, Mary Lobel and W. H. Johns suggest that it appears below the Merchant Taylor’s Hall (Lobel and Johns).Weigh House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Alley (Cornhill)
Swan Alley was a north-south alley that bordered Cornhill Ward’s north side and Broad Street Ward’s south end. It opened into Cornhill Ward and therefore was included within Cornhill Ward’s limits.Swan Alley (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Alley
New Alley was a north-south alley in Cornhill Ward and was one of three alleys that were destroyed in the construction of the Royal Exchange, alongside Swan Alley and St. Christopher’s Alley. While the Agas map does not label New Alley, evidence suggests that it did appear in the earlier variation of the map.New Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Christopher’s Alley
There may have been two alleys known as St. Christopher’s Alley in early modern London. The alley with this name on the south side of Threadneedle Street was destroyed to make way for the Royal Exchange, which opened in 1571.St. Christopher’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Strand
Named for its location on the bank of the Thames, the Strand leads outside the City of London from Temple Bar through what was formerly the Duchy of Lancaster to Charing Cross in what was once the city of Westminster. There were three main phases in the evolution of the Strand in early modern times: occupation by the bishops, occupation by the nobility, and commercial development.The Strand is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Castle
The Castle was a large stone house in Cornhill ward, located on the north side of Cornhill at the western side of the Royal Exchange. Part of it was removed for the expansion of the Royal Exchange in 1566, and is mentioned by Stow as being named for the Castle Tavern sign. It is unmarked on the Agas map, but is said to have an alley passing through it, also named for the tavern sign.The Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Thomas’ Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Cornhill)
The parish church of St. Michael, Cornhill is located on the southern side of Cornhill between Birchin Lane and Gracechurch Street.St. Michael (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael, Cornhill (Parish)
The parish of St. Michael, Cornhill is one of two parishes within Cornhill Ward. Although not much geographical information is known about the parish of St. Michael, Cornhill, the births, marriages, and deaths of its parishioners is detailed in the parish register, which began in 1456 CE (Waterlow xvii). Notable parishioners include Alderman Robert Fabian, the physician to King Henry VIII, and John Stow. Stow’s mother and father, as well as his grandfather and great grandfather are buried in the churchyard of St. Michael, Cornhill (xx).St. Michael, Cornhill (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pope’s Head Tavern
The Pope’s Head Tavern in Cornhill lay at the north end of Pope’s Head Alley, to which it gave its name. It was a substantial stone building dating back to the reign of Edward IV (Harben), and was commonly believed to have once been a King’s Palace, but this belief may have arisen purely out of the fact that its walls carried the arms of England (Sugden 418, Moser 14). It was bequeathed to the Merchant Taylors’ Company in 1615, and they were still drawing rents from the property in the early 20th century (Sugden 418, Harben). The tavern was in use until 1756.Pope’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s House in Cornhill
Stow (1598 155) recounts a common belief relating to the Pope’s Head Tavern and the other stone buildings surrounding it: that it was at some point the property of the monarch, possibly as far back as King John. Sugden (418) accepts this as a possibility, but other writers have been skeptical; Joseph Moser, writing in The European Magazine, and London Review (14), says that...it has been said, that the Pope’s Head Tavern, Cornhill, was formerly one of King John’s palaces; but this suggestion arose merely from its having upon its front [...] the arms of England before the time of Edward the IIId [...] : therefore a much more probable conjecture is, that, even in those early days, this house was a tavern, and that the achievement which we have just noticed was intended for a sign.
King’s House in Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cardinal’s Hat Tavern
Cardinal’s Hat Tavern was a tavern that likely sat at the meeting of Cornhill and Lombard Street. Stow mentions the Cardinal’s Hat Tavern only in passing, using the site as a reference for a path between the two streets.Cardinal’s Hat Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Gabriel Fenchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pewterers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gracechurch Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (New Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philpot Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philip Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clements Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clement (Eastcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Lane
Nicholas Lane, or, as Stow called it, St. Nicholas Lane, ran north-south from Lombard Street to Candlewick Street. It was probably named for St. Nicholas Acon, which stood on the lane. Nicholas Lane still survives in modern London, although it is now interrupted by King William Street.Nicholas Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Cole Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abchurch Lane
Abchurch Lane runs north-south from Lombard Street to Candlewick (Cannon) Street. The Agas Map labels itAbchurche lane.
It lies mainly in Candlewick Street Ward, but part of it serves as the boundary between Langbourne Ward and Candlewick Street Ward.Abchurch Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bearbinder Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows Staining is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Acon
St. Nicholas Acon is not depicted on the Agas map. Prockter and Taylor note thatit stood on the W. side of St. Nicholas Lane towards the northern end
(51).St. Nicholas Acon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Thames Street)
Love Lane, Thames Street was situated within Billingsgate (or Belingsgate) ward (Hughson 91). Billingsgate ward is two wards to the west of the Tower of London. The Agas map shows that the lane goes from north to south—up to St. Andrew Hubbard and down to Thames Street. It runs parallel to the streets St. Mary-at-Hill and Botolph Lane.Love Lane (Thames Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Botolph Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lyon Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss of Billingsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary at Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Hubbard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pudding Lane
Pudding Lane is most famously known as the starting point of the Great Fire of 1666. Pudding Lane ran south from Little Eastcheap down to Thames Street, with New Fish Street (Newfyshe Streat) framing it on the west and Botolph Lane on the east. The only intersecting street on Pudding Lane is St. George’s Lane, and the nearby parishes include St. Margaret’s, St. Magnus’s, St. Botolph’s, St. George’s, and St. Leonard, Eastcheap. On Ekwall’s map it is labeled asRother (Pudding) Lane
after Stow’s account of the lane’s former title. Pudding Lane is contained within Billingsgate Ward.Pudding Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Garland in Little Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street Hill
Old Fish Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames Street. Stow refers to this street both asold Fishstreete hill
(2.4) andSaint Mary Mounthaunt Lane
(2.5).Old Fish Street Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Leonard (Eastcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fishmongers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drinkwater Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fish Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s Lane (Strand) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Suffolk Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Poultney Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cook’s Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Upolsters’ Hall Upon Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Somerset is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Abchurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crooked Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Crooked Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beachamp’s Inn
The house of Robert Beauchamp, burned in the Great Fire.Beachamp’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Swithins Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Swithin (London Stone) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Woolchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cloak Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Bothaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Herber is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit upon Dowgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Innholders’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bush Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chequer Inn (Dowgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joiners’ Hall
Joiners’ Hall was built on the company’s property in Thames Street, some time between 1518 and 1551. See the description of Joiners’ Hall at the company’s website.Joiners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Brewers Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cousin Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windgoose Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (All Hallows) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Campion Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coldharbour is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dyers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Swan Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James Garlickhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Thomas Apostle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wringwren Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ormond Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael Paternoster Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kerion Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Harbour Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Emperor’s Head Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin (Vintry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (Vintry Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerk’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vintners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anchor Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Plumbers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Worcester House is mentioned in the following documents:
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College Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cutlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Inn (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Marshalsea is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Bench is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ipris Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salt Wharf (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Glaziers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gerrards Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mildred (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Garlick Hill
Garlick Hill ran north from the Thames. Before it reached Cheapside, it became Bow Lane. The nameGarlick Hill
preserves a memory of the steep incline (now partially flattened) leading away from the river. Like Bread Street, Garlick Hill was built in the ninth century; it provided access from the haven of Queenhithe (just to the west of Garlick Hill) to the main market street of Cheapside.Garlick Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Noble Street
Noble Street ran north-south between Maiden Lane in the south and Silver Street in the north. It isall of Aldersgate street ward
(Stow). On the Agas map, it is labelled asNoble Str.
and is depicted as having a right-hand curve at its north end, perhaps due to an offshoot of the London Wall.Noble Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Turnbase Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Aldermary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basing Lane
Basing Lane ran west from Bow Lane to Bread Street. The part from Bow Lane to the back door of the Red Lion (in Watling Street) lay in Cordwainer Street Ward, and the rest in Breadstreet Ward. Stow did not know the derivation of the street’s name, but suggested it had been called the Bakehouse in the fourteenth century,whether ment for the Kings bakehouse, or of bakers dwelling there, and baking bread to serue the market in Bredstreete, where the bread was sold, I know not
(Stow).Basing Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Sythes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Sherehog is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Pancras Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goose Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Seldam is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Head Tavern (Fenchurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Hill
Bread Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames Street. The label for this street on the Agas Map readsBread streat,
but we know from Stow that Bread Street Hill falls betweenHuggen lane
andS. Mary Mounthaunt
(St. Mary Mounthaunt is another name for Old Fish Street Hill) (2.1).Bread Street Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Pancras (Soper Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conyhope Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Angel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cateaton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Lane (Guildhall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Honey Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Barge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Service Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Coneyhope is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Colechurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Pomary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blossoms Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Honey Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kitchens by the Guildhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Hubbard (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basinghall Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Old Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windmill Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Prince’s Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit in Lothbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Founders’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Tower Hill
Little Tower Hill was a common northeast of the Tower of London, between East Smithfield and the Minories. According to Stow, it had becomegreatly diminished by building of tenements and garden plots
by 1593, flanked to the north and west bycertaine faire Almes houses, strongly builded of Bricke and timber, and couered with slate for the poore
(Stow).Little Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Armourers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Alley
According to Stow, on the East side of Coleman Street,almost at the North end thereof, is the Armourers Hall, which companie of Armourers were made a fraternitie or Guild of Saint George, with a Chantrie in the Chapple of saint Thomas in Paules Church, in the first of Henrie the sixt. Also on the same side, is kings Alley, and Loue lane, both containing many tenements.
Both of these streets appear on the Map of Tudor London. Ekwall (1965) notes that Kings Alley isNamed from William Kyng, draper, who mentions John his father and William his grandfather.
King’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Coleman Street)
According to Stow, on the East side of Coleman Street,almost at the North end thereof, is the Armourers Hall, which companie of Armourers were made a fraternitie or Guild of Saint George, with a Chantrie in the Chapple of saint Thomas in Paules Church, in the first of Henrie the sixt. Also on the same side, is kings Alley, and Loue lane, both containing many tenements.
Both of these streets appear on the Map of Tudor London.Love Lane (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basing Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackwell Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Masons’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Weavers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Girdlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Milk Street
Milk Street, located in Cripplegate Ward, began on the north side of Cheapside, and ran north to a square formed at the intersection of Milk Street, Cat Street (Lothbury), Lad Lane, and Aldermanbury.Milk Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael Bassishaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coopers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gayspur Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wood Street
Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane, Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled asWood Streat
on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.Wood Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Wood Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lad Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Wood Street)
Love Lane, Wood Street ran east-west, connecting Aldermanbury in the east and Wood Street in the west. It ran parallel to Addle Street in the north and Lad Lane in the south. It lay within Cripplegate Ward, and is labelled asLone la.
on the Agas map.Love Lane (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Addle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Huggin Lane
Huggin Lane, Wood Street ran east-west connecting Wood Street in the east to Gutter Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Cheapside in the south and Maiden Lane in the north. It was in Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled asHoggyn la
on the Agas map.Huggin Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maiden Lane
There were actually two streets in early modern London commonly called Maiden Lane, though only one was properly referred to by that name. The true Maiden Lane, to which this page refers, was shared between Cripplegate Ward, Aldersgate Ward, and Farringdon Within. It ran west from Wood Street, andoriginated as a trackway across the Covent Garden
(Bebbington 210) to St. Martin’s Lane.Maiden Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carey Lane
Carey Lane ran east-west, connecting Gutter Lane in the east and Foster Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Maiden Lane in the north and Cheapside in the south. The Agas Map labels itKerie la.
Carey Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Staining Lane
Staining Lane ran north-south, starting at Maiden Lane in the south and turning into Oat Lane in the north. It is drawn correctly on the Agas map and is labelled asStayning la.
It served as a boundary between Cripplegate and Aldersgate wards.Staining Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Haberdashers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Silver Street
Silver Street was a small but historically significant street that ran east-west, emerging out of Noble Street in the west and merging into Addle Street in the east. Monkwell Street (labelledMuggle St.
on the Agas map) lay to the north of Silver Street and seems to have marked its westernmost point, and Little Wood Street, also to the north, marked its easternmost point. Silver Street ran through Cripplegate Ward and Farringdon Ward Within. It is labelled asSyluer Str.
on the Agas map and is drawn correctly. Perhaps the most noteworthy historical fact about Silver Street is that it was the location of one of the houses in which William Shakespeare dwelled during his time in London.Silver Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Silver Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Monkwell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fore Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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More Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Postern Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grub Street
Grub Street could be found outside the walled city of London. It ran north-south, between Everades Well Street in the north and Fore Lane in the south. Grub Street was partially in Cripplegate ward, and partially outside the limits of the city of London.Grub Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitecross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beech Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alderman Bury is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Charnel House is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cloister is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Alphage is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Milk Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wax Chandlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James in the Wall Hermitage is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bowyers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queen’s Head Inn (St. Giles) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drury House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Draper’s Almshouses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carter Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Staining is mentioned in the following documents:
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Oat Lane
Oat Lane ran east-west, connecting Noble Street in the west to Staining Lane in the east. It is drawn on the Agas map in the correct position and is labelled asOte la.
It was in Aldersgate Ward.Oat Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bacon House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lily Pot Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John Zachary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goldsmiths’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Vedast is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Leonard (Foster Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Lane (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne and St. Agnes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Northumberland House (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cooks’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars
This page points to the district known as Whitefriars. For the theatre, see Whitefriars Theatre.Whitefriars is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter, Westcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windsor House
Stow does not indicate what side of the street the house sits on, but the Dictionary of London points us to the two intersecting streets of Monkwell Street and Silver Street. This great house once belonged to the Nevill family, but later became Windsor House.Windsor House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pentecost Lane
Pentecost Lane ran north from Newgate Street past St. Nicholas Shambles, now Roman Bath Street. Pentcost Lane is not featured on the Agas map.Pentecost Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Butchers’ Alley
Butchers’ Alley ran parallel to Pentecost Lane to the Butchers’ Hall on the east side of Christ Church. It is not labelled on the Agas map.Butchers’ Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Friday Street
Friday Street passed south through Bread Street Ward, beginning at the cross in Cheapside and ending at Old Fish Street. It was one of many streets that ran into Cheapside market whose name is believed to originate from the goods that were sold there.Friday Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Matthew (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine (Watling Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin (Ludgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Amen Corner is mentioned in the following documents:
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Panier Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ivy Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Shambles Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bladder Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mount Godard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Embroiderers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saddlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Foster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Butcher Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stinking Lane
North out of Newgate, Stinking Lane runs parallel to both Pentecost Lane and Butchers’ Alley. Ekwall notes Stinking Lane as a euphemistic variant of Fowle Lane, while Stow notes Stinking Lane was also known as Chick Lane.Stinking Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Library of Gray-Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Audoen
The Dictionary of London notes St. Audoen sits at the north corner of Warwick Lane, in Farringdon Ward Within.St. Audoen is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Pulcher is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s College is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pardon Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pardon Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Faith Under St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin-in-the-Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pembroke’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne Blackfriars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Corn Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael le Querne is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Panier Alley) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lovel’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Warwick’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Sepulchre is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Chapter House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trinity Lane
Trinity Lane ran north-south between Old Fish Street (Knightrider Street) and Thames Street, between Garlick Hill and Huggin Lane, entirely in the ward of Queenhithe. On the Agas map, it is labelledTrinitie lane.
Trinity Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goldsmiths’ Row
Goldsmiths’ Row was a section on the south side of Cheapside, by Cheapside Cross. Goldsmiths’ Row and the shops and homes of other wealthy merchants made the street an elite and attractive one.Goldsmiths’ Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salters’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Market
Stow says that by 1302 the bakers in London were obligated to sell their bread at a central market, eventually giving its name to Breadstreet.Bread Street Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John the Evangelist is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Lamb
A brewhouse in Distaff Lane. Flourished in the reign of Henry VI.The Lamb is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Distaff Lane
Distaff Lane was in Bread Street Ward. There is some discrepancy between the Agas Map and the information in Stow. On the Agas Map, Distaff Lane (labelledDistaf la.
) appears to run south off Maiden Lane, terminating before it reaches Knightrider Street. Stow tells us, in his delineation of the bounds of Bread Street Ward, that Distaff Lanerunneth downe to Knightriders street, or olde Fishstreete
(1.345). Our map truncates Distaff Lane before Knightrider Street.Distaff Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth Hill
Lambeth Hill ran north-south between Knightrider Street and Thames Street. Part of it lied in Queenhithe Ward, and part in Castle Baynard Ward. The Blacksmiths’ Hall was located on the west side of this street, but the precise location is unknown.Lambeth Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Mounthaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Olave is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finimore Lane
Finimore Lane ran east-west between Old Fish Street Hill and Bread Street Hill in Queenhithe Ward. The lane is not visible on the Agas Map, but we have marked it running just south of St. Nicholas Olave church based on evidence from Stow.Finimore Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Desborne Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blacksmiths’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sign of King David
A cooks’ house three houses west of the Old Swan Brewhouse.Sign of King David is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Swan Brewhouse
Three houses east of the cooks’ house Sign of King David.Old Swan Brewhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Huntington House
Previously called the New Inn or Beaumontes Inn, this house once belonged to the Earls of Huntington. The Huntington house marks the eastern corner of Castle Baynard Ward.Huntington House is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blue Boar
Cooks’ house.Blue Boar is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Old Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Painter Stainers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James’s Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop of Hereford’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Town’s End Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Soke of the Archbishop of Canterbury
A soke belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury. Stow locates this building near the Blackfriars, although its exact location is not known.Soke of the Archbishop of Canterbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Romeland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stew Lane
A lane in Queenhithe, which Stow mentions was named after a brothel called The Stew.Stew Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Timberhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Stew
A brothel in Queenhithe Ward, in the area around Salt Wharf.The Stew is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trig Lane
Trig Lane was the lane leading down from Thames Street (now called Upper Thames Street) to the river landing place called Trig Stairs on the north bank of the Thames. Trig Lane was in a fairly rowdy area full of water traffic, sailors, and porters.Trig Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chartesey House
A house once belonging to the Abbots of Chartsey. Near Boss Lane.Chartesey House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Puddle Wharf
Puddle Wharf was a water gate along the north bank of the Thames (Stow). Also known as Puddle Dock, it was located in Castle Baynard Ward, down from St. Andrew’s Hill. Puddle Wharf was built in 1294 to serve as the main quay for Blackfriars Monastery. (Weinreb and Hibbert 68, 229). In the early modern period, Puddle Wharf would have been the main landing place for playgoers on their way to the Blackfriars theatre via the river.Puddle Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Wardrobe
The King’s Wardrobe, built in the 14th century between St. Andrew’s Hill and Addle Hill near Blackfriars Precinct, was originally a repository for royal clothing, but later housed offices of the royal household and became a key seat of government (Sugden 557). Stow explains its significance:In this house of late yeares, is lodged Sir Iohn Fortescue, knight, Maister of the Wardrobe, Chancellor and vnder Treasu
rer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maiesties Priuy Councel. The secret letters & writings touching the estate of the realme, were wont to be introlled in the kings Wardrobe, and not in the Chauncery, as appeareth by the Records.
(Stow 1598 299)King’s Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Golden Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Court (Warwick Lane)
A court with a passage to Newgate Market to the north.Crown Court (Warwick Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bennet’s Hill
Also known as Paul’s Wharf Hill. Named for the church of St. Benet, Paul’s Wharf.Bennet’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Chain
Paul’s Chain was a street that ran north-south between St Paul’s Churchyard and Paul’s Wharf, crossing over Carter Lane, Knightrider Street, and Thames Street. It was in Castle Baynard Ward. On the Agas map, it is labelledPaules chayne.
The precinct wall around St Paul’s Church had six gates, one of which was on the south side by Paul’s Chain. It was here that a chain used to be drawn across the carriage-way entrance in order to preserve silence during church services.Paul’s Chain is mentioned in the following documents:
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Addle Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew by the Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Do Little Lane
Do Little Lane was a small lane that ran north-south between Carter Lane in the north and Knightrider Street in the south. It ran parallel between Sermon Lane in the west and Old Change Street in the east. It lay within Castle Baynard Ward. It is labelled asDo lytle la.
on the Agas map.Do Little Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boar’s Head Tavern
A tavern in Knightrider Steet on the corner of Do Little Lane.Boar’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sermon Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Paul’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Scroop’s Inn
Also known as Serjeants’ Inn, Holborn.Scroop’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Burley House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Legate’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Castle Alley
The Agas map labels this small streetCastell hill.
In The A to Z of Elizabethan London, Prockter and Taylor label this streetCastle Alley
(21). There does not seem to be any information in Stow about this hill or alley. Stow does talk about a Castle Lane further west, between the Blackfriars and the Thames, near the Fleet River.Castle Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Okebourne is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fleet Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
-
South Wall of St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Peter Ad Vincula is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Benet (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Barkley’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Peter Key
Tenements on the northern corner of St. Peter’s Hill Lane.Peter Key is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Woodmonger’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
College of Arms is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Doctors’ Commons (Knightrider Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Paul’s Bakehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
College of Physicians is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lollard’s Tower
A prison for bishops, Lollard’s Tower was made up of two stone towers originally meant for bells at two corners on the west end of St. Paul’s.Lollard’s Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Stationers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Long Lane (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Smithfield Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cock Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pie Corner is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Giltspur Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Turnagain Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Snow Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Leather Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Old Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Seacoal Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fleet Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Little Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Shoe Lane
Shoe Lane, or Shoe Alley as it was sometimes called in the sixteenth century (Ekwall 110), was outside the city wall, in the ward of Faringdon Without. It ran north-south, parallel to the course of the Fleet River. Until 1869, it was the main route between Holborn (Oldborne, in Stow’s spelling) and Fleet Street (Smith 190). At its north end, on the west side, was the church of St. Andrew Holborn.Shoe Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fetter Lane
Fetter Lane ran north-south between Holborn Street and Fleet Street, in the ward of Farringdon Without, past the east side of the church of Saint Dunstan’s in the West. Stow consistently calls this streetFewtars Lane,
Fewter Lane,
orFewters Lane
(2:21, 2:22), and claimed that it wasso called of Fewters (or idle people) lying there
(2:39).Fetter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fleet Hill or Ludgate Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Rolls Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ficket’s Field is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Shire Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Dunstan’s (Stepney)
East of the Spital Fields, also known as Stebanheath.St. Dunstan’s (Stepney) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Elms (Smithfield)
Located between Horsepool and the Fleet River, the Elms, as John Stow notes, was a place of execution named after the once flourishing number of elm trees on site. Stow refers to the area asLe elmes
orle two elmys.
By Stow’s lifetime the expansion of London meant the namesake trees had been cut down.The Elms (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sempringham Court
A residence once belonging to the Prior of Sempringham. Located in Cow Lane.Sempringham Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Sepulchre’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ely Place is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bath Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Central Criminal Court
Known by John Stow as the Sessions Hall, the Central Criminal Court sits on the site of the Newgate Prison on the east side of Old Bailey and the corner of Newgate Street.Central Criminal Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. George’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Holborn Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lincoln’s Inn Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
-
White Lion
One of the five prisons in Southwark.White Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Crokehorne Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bride Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Manor and Liberty of the Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bishop of St. David’s Inn
An inn on the north side of Bridewell.Bishop of St. David’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Salisbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hanging Sword Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Crockers Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Serjeants’ Inn (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Inns of Court
The four principal constituents of the Inns of Court were:The Inns of Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Temple Church
A church used by both Middle and Inner Temples.Temple Church is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Middle Temple Gate-house
Part of the Middle Temple complex, repaired by Sir Amias Paulet in the reign of Henry VIII.Middle Temple Gate-house is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Middle Temple Hall
Within the Middle Temple complex on the west side of Middle Temple Lane.Middle Temple Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Long Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Olave is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Battle Bridge (Tooley Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Horsleydown is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bermondsey Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Clink Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Southwark Counter is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Winchester House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Tabbard Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Lewes Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Augustine Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bear Garden
The Bear Garden was never a garden, but rather a polygonal bearbaiting arena whose exact locations across time are not known (Mackinder and Blatherwick 18). Labelled on the Agas map asThe Bearebayting,
the Bear Garden would have been one of several permanent structures—wooden arenas, dog kennels, bear pens—dedicated to the popular spectacle of bearbaiting in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.Bear Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bear’s Head (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Bear’s Head was a brothel in Southwark.Bear’s Head (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cross Keys (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Cross Keys was a brothel in Southwark.Cross Keys (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gunn (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Gunn was a brothel in Southwark.Gunn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Castle (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Castle was a brothel in Southwark.Castle (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Crane (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Crane was a brothel in Southwark.Crane (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cardinal’s Hat (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Cardinal’s Hat was a brothel in Southwark.Cardinal’s Hat (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bell (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Bell was a brothel in Southwark.Bell (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Swan (Southwark)
According to John Stow, the Swan was a brothel in Southwark.Swan (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cross Bones Graveyard
A graveyard for London prostitutes also called asingle women’s’ church yard
by John Stow. The Cross Bones served as a burial place for women deprived of a Christian burial because of their association with the brothels of Southwark.Cross Bones Graveyard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bishops of Winchester’s Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pepper Alley Stairs
One of the public stairs on the Surrey side of the Themes above London Bridge.Pepper Alley Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Southampton House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Hampton Court is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Spur Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Christopher Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bull Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Queen’s Head Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
George Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
White Hart Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
King’s Head Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Olave Street
A street near the bank of the Thames near to St. Thomas’ Hospital.St. Olave Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Sentlegar House
A house once belonging to the Sentlegar family in Southwark, eventually divided into tenements. Near to the Bridge House.Sentlegar House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Manor of the Maze is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Flower de Luce is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charlton House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Asher House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Ratcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Abbey of Grace is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Katherine’s Hermitage is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Limehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
-
-
City Ditch (the Minories)
The city ditch was part of the old medieval defence system. The ditch for the east section of the city wall, west of the Minories, ran south from Aldgate to Posterngate.City Ditch (the Minories) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Mary Whitechapel is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Norton Folgate is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Shoreditch Street
Shoreditch Street, also called Sewersditch, was a continuation of Bishopsgate Street, passing northward from Norton Folgate to the small town of Shoreditch, a suburb of London in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, for which the road was likely named. Shoreditch first appears in manuscripts in 1148 as Scoreditch, meaningditch of Sceorf [or Scorre]
(Weinreb and Hibbert 807).Shoreditch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Leonard
St. Leonard’s church—also known asThe Actors’ church
—is the burial place of many prominent early modern actors. The Burbages (James Burbage and his sons Richard Burbage and Cuthbert Burbage), Richard Cowley, William Sly, and many others are buried there (ShaLT).St. Leonard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Shoreditch is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Old Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Chiswell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Aldersgate Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Botolph (Aldersgate) (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Mount Calvary is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Sepulchre (Parish) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. John Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pardon Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Charterhouse Lane
Charterhouse Lane was a narrow road that ran north-south between the London Charterhouse and St. John’s Street. The street earned its name due to its proximity to the London Charterhouse, which housed Carthusian monks. Following the dissolution of London monasteries between 1536 and 1541, Charterhouse Lane became a well known and documented site of poverty, crime, and drinking. After a series of demolitions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Charterhouse Lane was restructured as part of the modern-day Charterhouse Street.Charterhouse Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cow Cross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Turnmill Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Saffron Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gray’s Inn Road is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Milford Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Arundel House
Arundel House (c. 1221-1682) was located on the Thames between Milford Lane and Strand Lane. It was to the east of Somerset House, to the south of St. Clement Danes, and adjacent to the Roman Baths at Strand Lane.Arundel House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Bedford House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Drury Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Durham House
Durham House was located in the Strand, west of Ivy Lane. It stood at the border between the Duchy of Lancaster and Westminster.Durham House is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Margaret (Westminster) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Scotland Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
-
King Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Cannon Row is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Stephen’s (Chanon Row) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Stephen’s (Westminster Palace) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Thorney is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Westminster School is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Star Chamber is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Woolstable is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Westminster Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Holy Trinity (Minories) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Antholin is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Bartholomew the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Thomas Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
-
St. Mary Magdalene (Bermondsey) is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Whittington College is mentioned in the following documents:
-
River Medway is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Gracechurch Street Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
Organizations
-
The Mercers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Mercers
The Mercers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Mercers were first in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Mercers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.mercers.co.uk/ that includes a history and bibliography.The coat of arms of the Mercers’ Company, from Stow (1633).[Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Grocers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Grocers
The Grocers’ Company (previously the Pepperers’ Company) was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Grocers were second in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Grocers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.grocershall.co.uk/, including a brief history.The coat of arms of the Grocers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Drapers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Drapers
The Drapers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Drapers were third in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Drapers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.thedrapers.co.uk/, with a history and short bibliography.The coat of arms of the Drapers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Fishmongers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers
The Fishmongers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Fishmongers were fourth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Company was originally two companies, the Stock-fishmongers and the Salt-fishmongers (or simply Fishmongers). They were united in 1536 under the designation ofThe Wardens and Commonalty of the Mystery of Fishmongers of the City of London
(Herbert 4) The Worshipful Company of Fishmongers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.fishhall.org.uk/, including a section on their history and heritage.The coat of arms of the Fishmongers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Goldsmiths’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths
The Goldsmiths’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Goldsmiths were fifth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Goldsmiths is still active and maintains a website at http://www.thegoldsmiths.co.uk/, with a useful overview of their history and role in the annual Trial of the Pyx.The coat of arms of the Goldsmiths’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Skinners’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Skinners
The Skinners’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. Since 1484, the Skinners and the Merchant Taylors have alternated precedence annually; the Skinners are now sixth in precedence in even years and seventh in odd years, changing precedence at Easter. The Worshipful Company of Skinners is still active and maintains a website at http://www.theskinnerscompany.org.uk/ that includes a history.The coat of arms of the Skinners’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Merchant Taylors’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors
The Merchant Taylors’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. Since 1484, the Merchant Taylors and the Skinners have alternated precedence annually; the Merchant Taylors are now sixth in precedence in odd years and seventh in even years, changing precedence at Easter. The Worshipful Company of Merchant Taylors is still active and maintains a website at http://www.merchanttaylors.co.uk/ that includes downloadable information about the origins and historical milestones of the company.The coat of arms of the Merchant Taylors’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Haberdashers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Haberdashers
The Haberdashers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Haberdashers were eighth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Haberdashers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.haberdashers.co.uk/ that includes a history of the company and of their hall.The coat of arms of the Haberdashers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Salters’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Salters
The Salters’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Salters were ninth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Salters is still active and maintains a website at http://www.salters.co.uk/ that includes information on the history of the company.The coat of arms of the Salters’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Ironmongers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Ironmongers
The Ironmongers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London. The Ironmongers were tenth in the order of precedence established in 1515. The Worshipful Company of Ironmongers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.ironmongers.org/ that includes a page on their history.The coat of arms of the Ironmongers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Clothworkers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Clothworkers
The Clothworkers’ Company was one of the twelve great companies of London, formed in 1528 out of the merger of the Fullers and the Shearmen. The Clothworkers were twelfth in the order of precedence. The Worshipful Company of Clothworkers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.clothworkers.co.uk/ with information about its history.The coat of arms of the Clothworkers’ Company, from Stow (1633). [Full size image] This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Founders’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Founders
The Founders’ Company was one of the lesser livery companies of London. The Worshipful Company of Founders is still active and maintains a website at http://www.foundersco.org.uk/ that includes a history written by A. J. Gillett (The Clerk).This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Pewterers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Pewterers
The Pewterers’ Company was one of the lesser livery companies of London. The Worshipful Company of Pewterers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.pewterers.org.uk/ that includes a history of the company.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Weavers’ Company
The Worshipful Company of Weavers
The Weavers’ Company was one of the lesser livery companies of London. The Worshipful Company of Weavers is still active and maintains a website at http://www.weavers.org.uk/ that includes a history of the company.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Court of Aldermen
The Court of Aldermen was composed of senior officials known asaldermen,
who were each elected to represent one ward in the City of London. The lord mayor oversaw the Court of Aldermen and was himself an alderman. Historically, the Court of Aldermen was the primary administrative body for the Corporation of London; however, by the early modern period, many of its responsibilities had been transferred to the Court of Common Council. The Court of Aldermen exists today in a somewhat modified form. (TL)This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Corporation of London
The Corporation of London was the municipal government for the City of London, made up of the Mayor of London, the Court of Aldermen, and the Court of Common Council. It exists today in largely the same form. (TL)Roles played in the project
-
Author
Contributions by this author
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
-
Mayor of London
The Mayor (or Lord Mayor) of London is an office occupied annually by a new mayor. For the purposes of recording the authorship of mayoral proclamations, MoEML distinguishes between the office of the mayor and the person elected to the office for the year.Roles played in the project
-
Author
Contributions by this author
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
-
Chamber of London
The Chamber of London was the treasury for the City of London managed by the Chamberlain. For more information, see Melvin C. Wren (1949). (TL)This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Fraternitie of the Trinity
The Fraternity of the Trinity was, according to Stow, established in 1466 under Edward IV. Additionally, A History of the Country of London contends that the Fraternity was founded at the request of Elizabeth Woodville and must have been already in existence in about 1422, prior to its association with Leadenhall Chapel. From 1466, The Fraternity of the Holy Trinity was in order in Leadenhall Chapel until the brief reign of Edward VI when, under the counsel of Thomas Cranmer, the King signed the Abolition of the Chantries Act in 1547 (Colleges: Fraternity of the Holy Trinity).This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Parliament of England
The legislative branch of the Kingdom of England, founded by William the Conquerer in 1066. See Wikipedia for further information.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Friars of the Penitence of Jesus Christ, or Sack Friars
Emerged 1257 in London, had their house near Aldersgate (per Stow)This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Order of Dominican Friars
The namesake of the Blackfriars Precinct, The Order of the Dominican Friars, or theBlack Friars
(named for their customaryblack mantle and hood
), were an order of mendicant friars founded by Saint Dominic in France in 1216 (Dominican Order). Intent on spreading Catholicism, Saint Dominic sent members of his order to England, where no later than 1247, the order had bases in Oxford and London (Jarrett 2-3). In the wake of the Reformation, members of the order fled the country or remained in England andeither drifted into poverty, or else entered the ranks of the secular clergy
(Jarrett 169).This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Greyfriars (Franciscans)
Founded by Saint Francis of Assisi in 1209, the Greyfriars, or theOrder of the Friars Minor
are a mendicant organization that arrived in England from Italy in 1224. Devoted to following the teachings of Saint Francis of Assisi, the Franciscans occupied the Greyfriars Church until Henry VIII’s closure of the Monestaries in 1538 (Kingsford 2).This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Whitefriars (Carmelites)
The Whitefriars are a Carmelite order with uncertain orgins. Generally associated with Saint Bernard, the Whitefriars occupied a church on Fleet Street until the closure of the monestaries in 1538.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Augustinians
Also known as theAustin Friars,
the Augustinians or theOrder of Saint Augustine
are a mendicant order that adheres to the teachings of Saint Augustine of Hippo. Founded in the thirteenth century, the Augustinians arrived in England in 1248 and occupied Austin Friars until the closure of the monestaries in 1538.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
The Worshipful Company of Fullers
Predecessors to the Clothworkers, into which it merged with the Shearmen, in 1528.This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-
EEBO-TCP
Early English Books Online–Text Creation Partnership
EEBO-TCP is a partnership with ProQuest and with more than 150 libraries to generate highly accurate, fully-searchable, SGML/XML-encoded texts corresponding to books from the Early English Books Online Database. EEBO-TCP maintains a website at http://www.textcreationpartnership.org/tcp-eebo/.
Roles played in the project
-
First Encoders
-
First Transcriber
-
First Transcribers
-
Transcriber
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
-