Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward

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THe Next ward is called of Criplesgate, and con
sisteth of diuers streetes and lanes, lying aswell without the gate and wall of the citie, as with in: for first within the wall on the east parte thereof, towardes the north it runneth to the west side of Bassinges hal ward: and towards the south it ioyneth to the warde of Cheape, it beginneth at the west ende of S. Lawrence church, in the Iury, on the north side and runneth west to a Pump, where sometime was a well, with two Bucketes, at the south corner of Aldermanbury streete, which streete runneth downe north to Gay spurre lane, and so to London wall, which streete and lane are wholy on both sides of this warde, and so bee some few houses on both the sides from Gay spurre lane, by and against the wall of the citie, east to the Grates made for the Watercourse of the channels, and west to Criples gate. Now on the south side from ouer against the west end of S. Lawrence church, to the Pumpe, and then vp Milke streete, south vnto Cheape, which Milkestreete, is wholy on both the sides of Cripplegate warde, as also without the South
ende

231
end of Milkestreete, a part of west Cheape, to wit from the stan
darde
to the Crosse, is all of Cripplegate warde. Then downe greate Woodstreete, which is wholy of this warde on both the sides thereof, so is little Woodstreete which runneth downe to Cripplegate.
Out of this Woodstreete be diuers lanes, namely on the east side is Lad lane, which runneth east to Milkestreete corner, down lower in Woodstreete is Loue lane, which lyeth by the south side of S. Albons church in Woodstreete, and runneth downe to the Conduite in Aldermanbury stréete. Lower downe in Woode
streete
is Addlestreete, out of the which runneth Phillippe lane, downe to London wall. These be the lanes on the east side.
On the west side of Woodestreete is Hugen lane by the south side of S. Michæls church, and goeth through to Guthuruns lane. Then lower is Maiden lane, which runneth west to the North end of Guthurouns lane, and vp to the said lane on the east side thereof, till against Kery lane, and backe againe: then the saide Maiden lane, on the north side goeth vp to Stayning lane, and vp a part thereof on the east side, to the farthest north part of Haber
dashers hall
, and backe againe to Woodstreete, and there lower downe is Siluer streete, which is of this warde, till yee come to the east end of S. Oliues church, on the south side, and to Munkes well streete on the north side, then downe the saide Munkes well streete on the East side thereof, and so to Criples gate, doe make the bounds of this warde, within the walles.
Without Cripplegate, Forestreete runneth thwart before the gate, from against the North side of S. Giles church, along to More lane end, and to a Posterne lane ende that runneth betwixt the Towne ditch on the south, and certaine gardens on the North almost to Moregate, at the east of which lane is a pat-makers house, which house with all other the gardens, houses, and Allies on that side the Morefieldes, till yee come to a Bridge and Cow
house neare vnto Fensbery Court is all of Criplegate ward: then to turn backe again through the said Posterne lane to More lane, which More lane with all the Allies and buildinges there, is of this warde, after that is Grubstreete, more then halfe thereof to the straightning of the streete, next is Whitecrosse streete, vp to the end of Bech lane, and then Redcrosse streete wholy, with a
parte
Q4

232
parte of Goldinglane, euen to the Posts there placed, as a houn
der.
Then is Bech lane before spoken of, on the east side of the Red crosse, and the Barbican streete, more then halfe thereof, towarde Aldersgate streete, and so haue you all the boundes of Criplegate warde without the walles.
Now for Antiquities and Ornamentes in this warde, meete to be noted: I finde first at the meeting of the corners of the olde Iury, Milkestreete, Lad lane, and Aldermanbury, there was of olde time a fayre well with two buckets, of late yeares conuerted to a Pumpe,
A pumpe at the corner of Aldermanbury streete.
how Aldermanbury streete tooke that name, manie fables haue beene bruted, all which I ouerpasse as not worthy the accounting, but to be short and plaine, I say that this streete tooke the name of Aldermans bury (which is to say a court) there kept in their Bery, or Court hall, now called the Guildehall, which hall of olde time stoode on the East side of the same streete not far from the west end of Guild hall now vsed. Touching the antiquitie of this old Aldermans bery or court, I haue not read other then that Richarde Renery one of the Sheriffes of London, in the first of Richarde the first, which was in the yeare of Christ 1189. gaue to the church of S. Mary at Osney, by Oxforde, certaine ground and rents in Aldermanbury of London, as appeareth by the Register of that Church, and is also entred in the Hoistinges of the Guild hall in London: this old Bery court or hal conti
nued & the courts of the Maior & Aldermen were continually hol
den there vntil the new Bery court or Guild hal that now is was builded and finished, which hall was first begun to be founded in ye yeare 1411. and was not fully finished in 20. yeares after, I my
selfe haue seene the ruines of the old Court hall in Aldermanbury street which of late hath been imployed as a Carpenters yard &c.
In this Aldermanbury streete bee diuers fayre houses on both the sides, meete for marchantes or men of Worship, and in the middest thereof is a fayre conduite made at the charges of VVil
liam Eastfielde
, sometime Maior, who tooke order aswell for water to be conueyed, from Teyborne, and for the building of this Conduite not far distant from his dwelling house, as also for a Standarde of sweet water, to be erected in Fleetestreete, all which was don by his executors, as in another place I haue shewed
Then

233
Then is the parish Church of S. Mary Aldermanberie, a fayre Church with a churchyard, and cloister adioyning, in the which cloyster is hanged and fastened a shanke bone of a man
Shanke bone of a man 28. inches and a halfe long.
(as is said) very great, and larger by thrée inches and a halfe then that which hangeth in S. Laurence church in the Iurie, for it is in length 28 inches and a halfe of assise, but not so hard and stéele like as the o
ther, for the same is light and somewhat porie and spongie. This bone is said to bee found amongst the bones of men remoued from the charnell house of Paules, or rather from the Cloyster of Pauls church, of both which reports I haue some doubt, for that the late Reyne Wolfe
Reyne Wolfe a graue anti
quarie, collec
ted the great Chronicles increased, and published by his executors.
Stationer (who paid for the cariage of those bones from the charnell to the Morefields) told me of some thousands of Carrie loades and more to be conueighed, whereof hee wondred, but neuer tolde mee of any such bone in eyther place to be founde, neither would the same haue béene easily gotten from him if he had heard thereof, except he had reserued the like for himselfe, being one of the greatest serchers, and preseruers of antiquities in those parts for his time. True it is that this bone, (from whence soe
uer it came) being of a man, as the forme sheweth) must needes bee monstrous, and more then after the proportion of fiue shanke bones of any man now liuing amongst vs. There lie buried in this church Simon Winchcombe Esquire 1391. Robert Combar
ton
1422. Iohn Wheatly Mercer 1428. Sir William Estfild, Knight of the Bathe Mayor, 1438. a great benefactor to that church vnder a faire monument, he also builded their stéeple, chan
ged their old bels into 5. tunable bels, & gaue one hundred pounds to other workes of that church. Moreouer he caused the Conduit in Aldermanbery which he had begun to be performed at his char
ges, and water to be conueighed by pypes of leade from Tyborne to Fléetestréete, as I haue said. And also from high Berie to the parish of S. Giles without Criplegate, where the inhabitantes of those parts incastellated the same in sufficient cesternes. Iohn Mi
dleton
Mercer Mayor 1472. Iohn Tomes Draper 1486. Wil
liam Bucke
Taylor 1501. Sir William Browne Mayor 1507 Dame Margaret Ienings wife to Stephen Ieninges Mayor 1515. A widow named Starkey, somtime wife to Modie, Raffe Woodcocke Grocer, one of the Sheriffes 1586. Dame Mary Gresham wife to Sir Iohn Gresham 1538. Thomas Godfrey
Remem-
Q5

234
Remembrancer of the Office of the first fruites, 1577. Beneath this church haue ye Gay spur lane, which runneth down to Lon
don
walle
, as is afore shewed. In this, at the North end thereof was of old time a house of Nunnes, which house being in great decay, William Elsing
Priorie or Ho
spitall called Elsing Spittle.
Mercer in the yeare of Christ 1329. the 3. of Edward the 3. began in place thereof, the foundation of an Ho
spitall, for sustentation of 100. blind men, towardes the erection whereof, he gaue his two houses in the parishes of S. Alphage and our blessed Ladie in Aldermanberie neere Criplegate, obtaining first the Kinges licence of Mortmaine, vnder the great seale of England. This house was after called a priorie or Hospitall of S. Mary the Uirgin founded in the yeare 1332. by V V. Elsing, for Canons Regular: the which W. Becam the first Prior there, Ro
bert Elsing
son to the said W. gaue to the said Hospitall 12. £. by the yeare for the finding of 3. priests, he also gaue 100. . towards the inclosing of the New churchyard without Aldegate
Charterhouse churchyard without Al
dersgat
, & one othet the like without Ald
gate.
and 100.. to the inclosing of the New-churchyard without Aldersgate, to Thomas Elsing his sonne 80.l. the rest of his goods to be sold, and giuen to the poore. This house valued 193.l. 15. . 5.ď was sur
rendered the xi. of May, the xxij. of Henry the eight.
The monumentes that were in this church defaced. Tho
mas Cheney
sonne to William Cheney, Thomas, Iohn and William Cheney, Iohn Northampton Drayer Mayor 1381. Edmond Hungerford, Henry Frowike, Ioan daughter to Sir Hilliam Cheney, wife to William Stokes, Robert Eldarbroke Esquire 1460. Dame Ioan Ratcliffe, William Fowler, William Kingstone, Thomas Swineley & Helen his wife &c. The princi
pall Ile of this church was pulled down, and a frame of foure hou
ses set vp in the place: the other part of this church was conuerted into a parish church of S. Alphage, and the parish church which stoode neare vnto the wall of the Cittie by Criplesgate was pulled downe and the plot thereof was made a Carpenters yarde, with sawe pittes. The Hospitall it selfe, the Prior, and chanons house with other lodginges, were made a dwelling house, the church yard is a garden plotte, and a faire gallerie on the cloister: the lodgings for the poore are translated into stabling for horses.
In the yeare 1541. Sir Iohn Williams maister of the kinges Iewels, dwelling in this house on Chrismas euen at night, about
seuen

252
seuen of the clocke, a great fire began in the gallerie thereof, which burned so sore, that the flame fiering the whole house and consu
ming it, was séene all the citie ouer, and was hardely quenched, whereby many of the kings Iewels were burned, and more imbe
seled (as was said). The Lord William of Thame was buried in this church, and so was his successor in that house, Sir Rowland Heyward Mayor &c. Now to returne to Milkestréete, so called of milke sold there (as is supposed) there be many faire houses for wealthy merchants, & other: amongst the which I read that Gre
gorie Rokesley
chiefe say maister of the kings mints, and Mayor of London in the yeare 1275.
Gregory Rokesley Mai
or of London his house rent xx.shillings the yeare. Parish church of S Mary Magdalen.
the third of Edwarde the first (in which office he continued 7. yeares together) dwelled in this milk
stréet
, in an house belonging to the priorie of Lewes in Sussex wherof he was tenant at wil paying xx.. by the yere without be
ing bounden to rerparations or other charge: such were the rents of those times. In this Milkestreet is a small parish church of S. Mary Magdaline, which hath of late yeares beene repaired, Wil
liam Browne
Mayor, 1513. gaue to this church 40. pound, and was buried there, Thomas Exmew Mayor 1528. gaue 40. l. and was buried there, so was Iohn Mitford one of the Sheriffes, 1375. Iohn Olney Mayor 1475. Richard Rawson one of the Sherifs, 1476. Henry Kelsey, Sir Iohn Browne Mayor 1497 Thomas Muschampe one of the Sherifs, 1463. Sir William Cantilo Knight, Mercer 1462. Henry Cantlow Mercer mer
chant of the Staple, who builded a chappell and was buried there
in 1495. Iohn West Mercer Alderman 1517. Iohn Machel Al
derman 1558. Thomas Skinner Clothworker Mayor 1596.
Then next to this is Woodstréet, by what reason so called I know not, true it is that of old time according to a decrée made in the raigne of Richard the first, the houses in London were builded of stone for defence of fire, which kind of building was vsed for 200. yeares or more, but of later time for the winning of ground those houses haue béene taken down, and houses of timber set vp in place. It séemeth therefore that this stréet hath béene of the later building, all of timber, (for not one house of stone hath béene knowne there) and therefore called Woodstréet, otherwise it might take the name of some builder or owner thereof.
Thomas Wood one of the Sheriffes in the yeare 1491. dwel
led
led

238
was father to my louing friend William Lambarde Esquire, well knowne by sundry learned bookes that he hath published. Iohn Medley Chamberlain of London, Iohn Marsh Esquire Mercer and common Sergeant of London &c. There is also (but without any outward monument) the head of Iames the fift king of Scots of that name, slaine at Flodden field, and buried here by this occa
sion.
Iames the fift king of Scots his head buri
ed in S. Micha
els church in Woodstreet.
After the battaile the bodie of the said King being founde, was closed in lead, and conueyed from thence to London, and so to the Monasterie of Sheyne in Surrey, where it remained for a time, in what order I am not certaine: but since the dissoluti
on of that house, in the raigne of Edward the sixt , Henry Gray Duke of Suffolke, being lodged and kéeping house there: I haue béene shewed the same bodie so lapped in lead, close of the head and bodie, throwne into a waste roome, amongst the old timber, leade, and other rubble. Since the which time workemen there for their foolish pleasure hewed off his head: and Launcelot Young at this present mayster Glasier to her Maiestie, féeling a swéet sa
uour to come from thence, and séeing the same dryed from all moi
sture, and yet the forme remayning, with the hayre of the heade, and beard red, brought it to London to his house in Woodstréet, where for a time he kept it for the swéetnesse, but in the end caused the Sexton of that church to burie it amongst other bones, taken out of their charnell &c. I reade in diuers Recordes of a house in Woodstréet then called Blacke Hall, but no man at this day can tell thereof.
On the North side of this S. Michæls church is Mayden lane, now so called, but of old time Ingenelane, or Inglane. In this lane the Waxchandlers haue their common hall on the south side thereof: and the Haberdashers haue their like Hall on the North side at Staning lane end. This company of the Haberdashers, or Hurrers of old time so called, were incorporated a brotherhoode of S. Katherine, the 26. of Henry the sixt, and so confirmed by Henry the seuenth the 17. of his raigne, the Cappers and Hat Mer
chants or Hurrers being one company of Haberdashers.
Downe lower in Woodstréet is Siluerstreete (I thinke of sil
uer smithes dwelling there) in which be diuers faire houses, and on the North side thereof is Monkes well street, so called of a well at the North end therof, where the Abbot of Garendon had an house
or

239
or Cell called S. Iames in the wall by Criplesgate, and certaine Monkes of their house were the Chaplens there, wherefore the well (belonging to that Cell or Hermitage) was called Monkes well, and the stréet, of the well, Monkes well street.
The East side of this streete downe against London wall, and the South side thereof to Criplesgate bee of Criplesgate ward, as is afore shewed. In this street by the corner of Monks well street is the Bowyers Hall.
Boyers hall.
On the said East side of Monks well street be proper Almes houses
Almes houses in Monks well streetes.
12. in number founded by Sir Ambrose Nicholas Salter Mayor 1575. wherein be placed 12. poore and aged people rent free, hauing each of them vij. pence the wéeke, and once the yeare each of them fiue sacks of: Charcoales, and one quarter of an hundreth of Faggots of hisgift for euer.
Then in little Woodstreet
Almes cham
bers in little Woodstreet.
be 7. proper Chambers in an Alley on the west side, founded for seuen poore people therein to dwel rent free, by Henry Barton Skinner Mayor, 1416. Thus much for the Monuments of this ward within the walles.
Now without the Posterne of Criplesgate, first is the parish church of S. Giles, a very faire and large church lately repaired af
ter yt the same was burned, in the yeare 1545. the 37. of Henry the 8. by which mischance the monuments of the dead in this church are very few: notwithstanding I haue read of these following to be buried there, to wit, Elianor wife to Iohn Writh Esquire, daughter to Thomas Arnald Esquire, sister and heir to Richard Arnald Esquire, Iohn her sonne and heyre, Margaret VVrith her daughter, Iohn Brigget, Thomas Ruston, Gentleman, Iohn Talbot Esquire, and Katherine his wife, Thomas Warfle, and Isabel his wife, Thomas Lucie Gentleman 1447. Raph Roch
ford
Knight 1439. Edm1ond Water Esquire, Elizabeth wife to Richarde Barnes, sister and heire to Richarde Malgraue E
squire of Essex, Richard Gowre Esquire Iohn Gowre Esquire, Frauncis Baromi of Millaine 1546. Sir Henry Grey Knight, sonne and heire to Geroge Grey Earle of Kent, 1562. Reginald Grey Earle of Kent, Richard Choppin Tallow Chandler one of the Sheriffes 1530. Iohn Hamber Esquire 1573. Thomas Hanley alias Clarenciaux, Herrald of Armes, Thomas Busby Cooper who gaue the Quéenes head Tauerne to the reliefe of the
poore

240
poore in ye parish 1575. Iohn Whelar Goldsmith 1575. William Bolene Phisition 1587. Williā Bolene 1575. Richard Bolene 1563. Robert Crowley Uicker and Preacher there: all these foure vnder one olde stone in the Quire, the learned Iohn Fox writer of the Actes and Monuments of the English Church 1587. The skilfull Robert Glouer alias Sommerset Herralde, 1588.
There was in this church of old time a fraternitie or brother
hood
Brotherhood in S. Giles Church.
of our blessed Ladie, or Corpus Christi, and Saynt Gyles founded by Iohn Belancer in the raigne of Edwarde the thirde, the 35. yeare of his raigne.
Some smal distance from the East end of this church is a water Conduit, brought in pipes of Leade frō Higberie by Iohn Mid
dleton
one of the executors to Sir William Eastfielde, and of his goods, the inhabitantes adioyning castilated it of their owne costes and charges, about the yeare 1483.
There was also a Bosse of cleare water, in the wall of the churchyard,
Bosse in the wall of S. Giles church
yard
.
made at the charges of Richard Whittington some
times Mayor, and was like to that of Belingsgate: of late the same was turned into an euill pumpe, and so is cleane decayed.
There was also a fayre Poole
Poole of spring water.
of cleare water neare vnto the Parsonage, on the west side thereof, which was filled vp, in the raigne of Henry the sixt, the spring was coaped in, and arched o
uer with hard stone, and staires of stone to go downe to the spring, on the banke of the towne ditch: and this was also done of the goods, and by the executors of Richard Whittington.
In Whitecrosse stréete King Henry the fift builded one fayre house, and founded there a brotherhoode of Saynt Giles, to bee kept, which house had sometime beene an Hospitall of the French order, & being suppressed, the lands were giuen to the brotherhood for reliefe of the poore, One alley of diuers tenements ouer against the north wal of S. Giles churchyard, was appointed to the almes houses for the poore, wherein they dwelled rent frée, and otherwise were relieued: but the said brotherhood was suppressed by Henry the eight, since which time Sir Iohn Gresham Mayor purchased the landes thereof, and gaue it to the maintenance of a frée schoole, which he had founded at Holt, a market towne in Norfolke.
In

241
In Red Crosse stréete
Red Crosse streete. Libar S. Bu
tolphe.
on the West side, from Saint Gyles Church yard, vp to the said Crosse, be many faire houses builded outward, with diuers Alleyes turning into a large plot of ground, of olde time called the Iewes Garden:
The Iewes Gardaine, or place to bury their dead.
as being the onely place appointed them in England, wherin to bury their dead: till the yeare 1177. the 24. of Henry the second, that it was permitted to them (after long sute to the King, and Parliament at Oxford) to haue a speciall place as
signed them in euery quarter where they dwelled.
This plot of ground remained to the said Iewes, til the time of their finall banishment out of England, and is now turned into faire gar
den plots and sommer houses for pleasure.
On the East side of this Red Crosse stréete, be also diuers faire houses, vp to the Crosse. And there is Béech Lane, peraduenture so called of Nicholas de la Beeche, Lieutenant of the Tower of Lon
don
, and put out of that Office in the 13. of Edward the third. This Lane stretcheth from the Red Crosse stréete, to white Crosse stréete, and is replenished, not with Béech Trées, but with beautifull hou
ses, of stone, brick, and timber. Amongst the which, was of old time, a great house pertaining to the Abbot of Ramsey,
The Abbot of Ramsey his Inne.
for his lodging when he repaired to the Cittie: It is now called Drewry house, of Sir Drewe Drewry, a worshipfull owner thereof.
On the North side of this Béech Lane, towards White Crosse stréet, the Drapers of London haue lately builded 8. Almes houses of brick and timber, for 8. poore Widowes of their owne Company, whom they haue placed there Rent frée, according to the gift of the Ladie Askewe, Widowe to Sir Christopher Askewe sometime Draper and Maior. 1533.
Then in Golding Lane be also Almes houses, 13. in number, and so many poore people placed in them Rent free, and euery one hath two pence by the wéeke for euer. Of the foundation of Tho
mas Hayes
Chamberlaine of London, in the latter time of Henry the eight, he left faire lands about Iseldonne, to maintaine his foun
dation: Maister Ironmonger hath the Order of them.
On the West side of the Red Crosse, is a stréet called the Barbican, because sometime there stood on the North side therof, a Burgh-Ke
ning
or Watch Tower of the citie, called in some language a Bar
bican
, as a bikening is called a Becon: this Brugh-Kening was by
the
R

242
the name of the Manner of Base court, was giuen by Edward the 3. to Robert Vfford Earle of Suffolke, and is now pertaining to Pe
regrine Bartie
, Lord VVilloughby of Ersby.
Next adioyning to this, is one other great house, called Gar
terhouse
, sometime builded by Sir Thomas VVrithe, (or VVri
thesley
) knight, Alias Garter, principall King of Armes, second son of Syr Iohn VVrithe knight, Alias Garter, and was vnckle to the first Thomas Earle of Southampton Knight of the Gartar, and Chancelor of England: he built this house, and in the top thereof, a Chapel, which he dedicated by the name of S. Trinitatis in Alto. Thus much for that part of Criplegate Warde without the wall, wherof more shalbe, spoken in the subburbe of that part. This Ward hath an Alderman & his Deputie within the gate. Common Coun
saile eight. Constables nine. Skauengers twelue. For Wardmote Inqueast ffftéene, and a Beadle.
Without the gate, it hath also a Deputie. Common Coun
saile two. Constables foure. Skauengers foure. Wardmote Inquest seuentéene, and a Beadle. It is taxed in London to the fiftéene, at fortie poūd, and in the Exchequer, at thirtie nine pound ten shillings.

Notes

  1. Underinking; context obvious. (SM)

Cite this page

MLA citation

Stow, John, and William fitz Stephen. Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 20 Jun. 2018, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_CRIP2.htm.

Chicago citation

Stow, John, and William fitz Stephen. Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward. The Map of Early Modern London. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed June 20, 2018. http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_CRIP2.htm.

APA citation

Stow, J., & fitz Stephen, W. 2018. Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward. In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London. Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_CRIP2.htm.

RIS file (for RefMan, EndNote etc.)

Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8"

TY  - ELEC
A1  - Stow, John
A1  - fitz Stephen, William
ED  - Jenstad, Janelle
T1  - Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward
T2  - The Map of Early Modern London
PY  - 2018
DA  - 2018/06/20
CY  - Victoria
PB  - University of Victoria
LA  - English
UR  - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_CRIP2.htm
UR  - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/stow_1598_CRIP2.xml
ER  - 

RefWorks

RT Web Page
SR Electronic(1)
A1 Stow, John
A1 fitz Stephen, William
A6 Jenstad, Janelle
T1 Survey of London: Cripplegate Ward
T2 The Map of Early Modern London
WP 2018
FD 2018/06/20
RD 2018/06/20
PP Victoria
PB University of Victoria
LA English
OL English
LK http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_CRIP2.htm

TEI citation

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