Churches in Aldgate
John Stow’s ward-by-ward list of parish churches
names three churches in Aldgate:
S. Katheren Chriſts church,
S. Andrewes vnderſhafte,and
S. Katheren Colman church(1603 text). MoEML however, links four churches to entries in our encyclopedia. This discrepancy is the result of different ways of thinking about the churches: Stow lists active parishes (institutions), whereas our map shows physical buildings on particular sites. Although Holy Trinity Priory (the progenitor of St. Katherine Cree) had been dissolved in 1531–1532, its buildings remained on the site just north of the parish church of St. Katherine Cree (or St. Katherine Christ Church). On the Agas map, the complex of buildings formerly belonging to Holy Trinity Priory is labelled
Crychur,even through the buildings were now owned by various merchants and courtiers. Just south of this complex, on Leadenhall Street, stands the parish church of St. Katherine Cree.
Our encyclopedia has separate entries for St. Katherine Cree and for Holy Trinity Priory (Christ Church), but the two institutions have an entwined history.
Timeline
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1108: there were three parishes in this area: Holy Cross and St. Mary Magdalene, St. Michael, and St. Katherine. Collectively, they seem to have been known as
Holy Trinity.
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Circa 1107 or 1108: : Holy Trinity Priory was founded during the reign of Henry I at the instigation of his first wife, Matilda of Scotland (born Edith), on the site of the church of the Holy Cross and St. Mary Magdalene (Page 465-75). The former chapel of St. Michael and the church of St. Katherine were in the yard of the priory. Holy Trinity Priory was also known as Christ Church. The parishioners of the three parishes continued their worship in the Priory church.
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1280: St. Katherine Cree was founded by the Prior to give the parishioners their own place of worship where they would not disrupt the activities of the priory. Cree is a corruption of Christ Church.
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February 1532: the priory was dissolved during the dissolution of the monasteries. The lands and buildings were sold or given by Henry VIII to courtiers and prominent citizens.
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In the 1560s, the Agas map was drawn showing
Chrychur.
St. Andrew Undershaft was on the western edge of the ward, on the west
side of St. Mary Axe Street and behind a row of houses that fronted the
north side of Aldgate Street. It was right across the street from the former
St. Mary Axe, which had been given to the parish of St. Andrew Undershaft in
1565.
St. Katherine Coleman was in the southern half of the ward, on the south
side of Fenchurch Street.
References
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Citation
Page, William, ed. A History of the County of London. Vol. 1 London Within the Bars, Westminster, and Southwark. London: Victoria Country History, 1909. Open. BHO.This item is cited in the following documents:
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Citation
Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. Reprint. British History Online. Subscription. [Kingsford edition, courtesy of The Centre for Metropolitan History. Articles written 2011 or later cite from this searchable transcription. In the in-text parenthetical reference (Stow; BHO), click on BHO to go directly to the page containing the quotation or source.]This item is cited in the following documents:
Cite this page
MLA citation
.
Churches in Aldgate.The Map of Early Modern London, edited by , U of Victoria, 20 Jun. 2018, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm.
Chicago citation
.
Churches in Aldgate.The Map of Early Modern London. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed June 20, 2018. http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm.
APA citation
2018. Churches in Aldgate. In (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London. Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm.
RIS file (for RefMan, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Jenstad, Janelle ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Churches in Aldgate T2 - The Map of Early Modern London PY - 2018 DA - 2018/06/20 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/CHUR4.xml ER -
RefWorks
RT Web Page SR Electronic(1) A1 Jenstad, Janelle A6 Jenstad, Janelle T1 Churches in Aldgate T2 The Map of Early Modern London WP 2018 FD 2018/06/20 RD 2018/06/20 PP Victoria PB University of Victoria LA English OL English LK http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm
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<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#JENS1"><surname>Jenstad</surname>, <forename>Janelle</forename></name></author>. <title level="a">Churches in Aldgate</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2018-06-20">20 Jun. 2018</date>, <ref target="http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/CHUR4.htm</ref>.</bibl>Personography
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John Stow is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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Aldgate Ward
MoEML is aware that the ward boundaries are inaccurate for a number of wards. We are working on redrawing the boundaries. This page offers a diplomatic transcription of the opening section of John Stow’s description of this ward from his Survey of London.Aldgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Cree
St. Katherine Cree was an old parish church located on the north side of Leadenhall Street between Aldgate and St. Mary Axe. It was in Aldgate Ward. The parish of St. Katherine predates the Holy Trinity Priory, of which St. Katherine’s became a part in 1108, and the church survived the priory’s dissolution in 1531. According to a 1414 decree by the Bishop of London, the church was built so that the priory canons, who had previously shared Christ Church with the laity, had a separate place to worship (Harben; Weinreb and Hibbert 778). Stow reports that the church was so old that one had to descend seven steps to enter it.St. Katherine Cree is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Undershaft
St. Andrew Undershaft stands at the southeast corner of St. Mary Axe Street in Aldgate Ward.The church of St. Andrew Undershaft is the final resting place of John Stow.St. Andrew Undershaft is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Coleman
St. Katherine Coleman was also called St. Katherine and All Saints and All Hallows Coleman Church (Harben). The church can be found on the Agas map, west of Northumberland House. It is labelled S. Katerin colmans.St. Katherine Coleman is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Priory
Holy Trinity Priory, located west of Aldgate and north of Leadenhall Street, was an Augustinian Priory. Stow notes that Queen Matilda established the Priory in 1108in the parishes of Saint Marie Magdalen, S. Michael, S. Katherine, and the blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the holy Trinitie
(Stow). Before Matilda united these parishes under the name Holy Trinity Priory, they were collectively known as the Holy Cross or Holy Roode parish (Stow; Harben).Holy Trinity Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall Street
Leadenhall Street ran east-west from Cornhill Street to Aldgate Street. All three form part of the same road from Aldgate to Cheapside (Weinreb and Hibbert 462). The street acquired its name from Leadenhall, a onetime house and later a market. The building was reportedly famous for having a leaden roof (Bebbington 197).Leadenhall Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate)
St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate), is an old parish church absorbed by Holy Trinity Priory in 1108. According to Stow, the church was begun by Siredus (Stow). It is not to be confused with the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen in the Guildhall, the church in Cripplegate Ward or the church in Castle Baynard Ward.St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Aldgate)
St. Michael, Aldgate, was an old parish church that was absorbed by Holy Trinity Priory in 1108 along with the parishes of St. Mary Magdalen, Aldgate, and St. Katherine Cree. According to a papal bull written during the pontificate of Innocent III, it was located in the churchyard of Holy Trinity Priory (Harben).St. Michael (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Axe Street
St. Mary Axe ran north-south from the church of St. Augustine Papey to Leadenhall Street. Stow remarks that the east side of the street belonged to Aldgate Ward, while the west side lay within the boundary of Lime Street Ward (Stow). It was named after the church of St. Mary Axe, located near the northwest corner of the street.St. Mary Axe Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Street
Aldgate Street ran slightly south-west from Aldgate until it reached a pump, formerly a sweet well. At that point, the street forked into two streets. The northern branch, called Aldgate Street, ran west until it ran into Cornhill at Lime Street. At an earlier point in history, Cornhill seems to have extended east past Lime Street because the church of St. Andrew Undershaft was called St. Andrew upon Cornhill (Harben).Aldgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Axe
The church of St. Mary Axe was a church on the west side of St. Mary Axe Street in Lime Street Ward. Stow asserts the church’s full name and dedication wasS. Marie the virgine, Saint Vrsula, and the 11000. Virgins
and believed that its common name, St. Mary Axe, derived from a sign near the church’s east side (Stow). However, a document written during the reign of Henry VIII suggests a different history of its name. The church, dedicated to 11,000 martyred virgins, supposedly contained the three axes that were used in their executions (Harben).St. Mary Axe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fenchurch Street
Fenchurch Street (often called Fennieabout) ran east-west from the pump on Aldgate High Street to Gracechurch Street in Langbourne Ward, crossing Mark Lane, Mincing Lane, and Rodd Lane along the way. Fenchurch Street was home to several famous landmarks, including the King’s Head Tavern, where the then-Princess Elizabeth is said to have partaken inpork and peas
after her sister, Mary I, released her from the Tower of London in May of 1554 (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 288). Fenchurch Street was on the royal processional route through the city, toured by monarchs on the day before their coronations.Fenchurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
