Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae
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473
BEcause
amongst other mine Authors I haue oft times alledged Fitz-Stephens,
as one more choise then other, namely for the auncient estate of this Citie, more
then three hundred yeares since: And also the said Author being rare, (as to my
know
ledge) not extant out of mine owne custodie, I haue in this place thought good by impression to imparte the same to my louing friendes, the learned Antiquaries as the Authour wrote it in the Latine tongue. And first to note in effect, what M. Bale in com
mendation of the said Authour writeth.
ledge) not extant out of mine owne custodie, I haue in this place thought good by impression to imparte the same to my louing friendes, the learned Antiquaries as the Authour wrote it in the Latine tongue. And first to note in effect, what M. Bale in com
mendation of the said Authour writeth.
William Stephanides, or Fitzstephen, a Monke of Can
terburie, borne of worshipfull parentes in the Citie of London, well brought vp at the first vnder good maisters, did more and more increase in honest conditions and learning: for euer in his yong yeares there appeared in him a certain light of a Gentleman
like disposition, which promised many good things, afterward by him performed. Such time as other spent in braules, and idle talke, hee employed in holesome exercises for the honour of his countrey, following therein the example of Plato: and was very studious both in humanitie and diuinitie. The Citie of London his birth place, the most noble of all other Cities of this land, and the Princes seate, situated in the South part of this Iland, he loued aboue al the other: so that at length he wrote most elegantly in latine of the site and rites of the same. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth him for an excellent writer. Hee liued in the raigne of king Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the second, & deceased in the yeare of Christ 1191. in the raigne of Richard the first.
terburie, borne of worshipfull parentes in the Citie of London, well brought vp at the first vnder good maisters, did more and more increase in honest conditions and learning: for euer in his yong yeares there appeared in him a certain light of a Gentleman
like disposition, which promised many good things, afterward by him performed. Such time as other spent in braules, and idle talke, hee employed in holesome exercises for the honour of his countrey, following therein the example of Plato: and was very studious both in humanitie and diuinitie. The Citie of London his birth place, the most noble of all other Cities of this land, and the Princes seate, situated in the South part of this Iland, he loued aboue al the other: so that at length he wrote most elegantly in latine of the site and rites of the same. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth him for an excellent writer. Hee liued in the raigne of king Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the second, & deceased in the yeare of Christ 1191. in the raigne of Richard the first.
Hh5
Descrip-
474
Descriptio Nobilissimæ Ciuitatis Londoniæ.
De Situ eiusdem.
INter nobiles vrbes orbis, quas fama ce
lebrat, ciuitas Londonia regni Anglorum sedes vna est, quæ famam sui latiùs dif
fundit, opes & merces longiùs trans
mittit, caput altiùs extollit. Foelix est aeris salubritate; Christiana religione, fir
mitate munitionum, natura situs, honore ciuium, pudici
tia matronali, ludis etiam quàm iucunda; & Nobilium fæcunda virorum: quæ singula semotim libet inspicere.
lebrat, ciuitas Londonia regni Anglorum sedes vna est, quæ famam sui latiùs dif
fundit, opes & merces longiùs trans
mittit, caput altiùs extollit. Foelix est aeris salubritate; Christiana religione, fir
mitate munitionum, natura situs, honore ciuium, pudici
tia matronali, ludis etiam quàm iucunda; & Nobilium fæcunda virorum: quæ singula semotim libet inspicere.
De Clementia Aeris.
IBisiquidem emollit animos hominum clementia coeli, non vt sint in Venerem putres,
sed neferi sint, & bestiales; potiùs benigni & liberales.
De Religione.
ESt ibi in ecclesia beati Pauli episcopalis sedes, quondā fuit
Metropolitana, & adhuc futura creditur, sireme
auerint ciues in Insulā: nisi fortè Beati Thomæ Martyris ti
tulus Archiepiscopalis, & præsentia corporalis, dignitatē illam Cantuariæ (vbi nunc est) conseruet perpetuam. Sed cùm vtramq; vrbium harum Sanctus Thomas illustrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam occasu: ipsius sancti intui
tu, cum iustitiæ accessu, habet altera aduersus alterā, quod ampliùs alleget. Sunt etiā (quod ad Christianæ fidei cul
tum pertinet) tùm in Londonia, tùm in suburbano 13. maio
res ecclesiæ conuentuū, præter minores parochianas. 126.
auerint ciues in Insulā: nisi fortè Beati Thomæ Martyris ti
tulus Archiepiscopalis, & præsentia corporalis, dignitatē illam Cantuariæ (vbi nunc est) conseruet perpetuam. Sed cùm vtramq; vrbium harum Sanctus Thomas illustrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam occasu: ipsius sancti intui
tu, cum iustitiæ accessu, habet altera aduersus alterā, quod ampliùs alleget. Sunt etiā (quod ad Christianæ fidei cul
tum pertinet) tùm in Londonia, tùm in suburbano 13. maio
res ecclesiæ conuentuū, præter minores parochianas. 126.
De Firmitate vrbis.
HAbet ab Oriente arcem Palatinam, maximam & for
tissimam, cuius & area, & muri à fundamento profun
dissimo exurgunt: cemento cum sanguine animalium temperato. Ab occidente duo castella munitissima: mu
continuante, turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Si
militerquè ab Austro Londonia murata & turtita fuit: sed fluuius maximus piscosus Thamensis, mari influo re
fluoq; qui illac allabitur, mænia illa tractu temporis alluit, labefactauit, deiecit. Item sursùm ab occidente Palatium Regium eminet super fluuium eundem, ædificium incō
parabile, cum auremurali & propugnaculis, duobus milli
bus ab vrbe, suburbano frequenti continuante.
tissimam, cuius & area, & muri à fundamento profun
dissimo exurgunt: cemento cum sanguine animalium temperato. Ab occidente duo castella munitissima: mu
ro
475
Stephanides.
ro vrbis alto & magno, duplatis
Heptapylæ portis intercontinuante, turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Si
militerquè ab Austro Londonia murata & turtita fuit: sed fluuius maximus piscosus Thamensis, mari influo re
fluoq; qui illac allabitur, mænia illa tractu temporis alluit, labefactauit, deiecit. Item sursùm ab occidente Palatium Regium eminet super fluuium eundem, ædificium incō
parabile, cum auremurali & propugnaculis, duobus milli
bus ab vrbe, suburbano frequenti continuante.
De Hortis.
VNdiqué extra domos suburbanorum Horti ciuium arboribus consiti, spatiosi, &
speciosi, contigui ha
bentur.
bentur.
De Pascuis & Sationalibus.
ITem à Borea sunt agri pascui, & pratorum grata plani
ties, aquis fluuialibus interfluis: ad quas molinorum versatiles rotæ citantur cum murmure iocoso. Proximé patet foresta ingens, saltus nemorosi ferarum, latebræ cer
uorum, damarum, aprorum, & taurorum syluestrium: A
gri vrbis sationales non sunt ieiunæ glareæ, sed pingues Asiæ campi qui faciunt lætas segetes, & suorum cultorum repleant horrea cerealis mergite culmi.
ties, aquis fluuialibus interfluis: ad quas molinorum versatiles rotæ citantur cum murmure iocoso. Proximé patet foresta ingens, saltus nemorosi ferarum, latebræ cer
uorum, damarum, aprorum, & taurorum syluestrium: A
gri vrbis sationales non sunt ieiunæ glareæ, sed pingues Asiæ campi qui faciunt lætas segetes, & suorum cultorum repleant horrea cerealis mergite culmi.
De Fontibus.
SVnt & circa Londoniam ab Aquilone suburbani fontes præcipui aqua
dulci, salubri, perspicua, & per claros ri
uo trepidante lapillos. Inter quos fons Sacer, fons Cle
ricorum, fons Sancti Clementis nominatiores habentur, & adeuntur celebriori accessu, & maiori frequentia scho
larum & vrbanæ iuuentutis in serotinis æstiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs sané bona cúm bonū habeat Dominum.
uo trepidante lapillos. Inter quos fons Sacer, fons Cle
ricorum, fons Sancti Clementis nominatiores habentur, & adeuntur celebriori accessu, & maiori frequentia scho
larum & vrbanæ iuuentutis in serotinis æstiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs sané bona cúm bonū habeat Dominum.
De honore Ciuium.
VRbs ista viris est honorata, armis decorata, multo habitatore populosa, vt
tempore bellicæ cladis sub
rentur 20000. armatorū equitum, 60. mille peditum esti
marentur. Ciues Londoniæ vbicunqué locorum præ om
nibus alijs ciuibus ornatu morum, vestium & mensæ, lo
cutione, spectabiles & noti habentur.
rege
Hh6
476
Stephanides.
rege Stephano bello apti ex
ea exeuntes ostentatui haberentur 20000. armatorū equitum, 60. mille peditum esti
marentur. Ciues Londoniæ vbicunqué locorum præ om
nibus alijs ciuibus ornatu morum, vestium & mensæ, lo
cutione, spectabiles & noti habentur.
De Matronis.
Vrbis Matronæ ipsæ Sabinæ sunt.
De Scholis.
IN Londonia tres principales ecclesiæ scholas celebres habent de
priuilegio & antiqua dignitate. Plerunque ta
men fauore personæ alicuius, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui secundum philosophiā noti & præclari habentur, & aliæ ibi sunt scholæ de gratia & permissione. Diebus festis ad ecclesias festiuas magistri conuentus celebrantur: Dis
putāt scolares, quidam demonstratiué, Dialecticé alij: alij recitant enthymemata: hij meliùs perfectis vtuntur Syl
logismis. Quidam ad ostentationem exercentur dispu
tat one, quæ est inter colluctantes. Alij ad veritatē, ea quæ est perfectionis gratia: sophistæ simulatores agmine & in
undatione verborum beati iudicantur. Alij paralogizan
tur: Oratores aliqui quandoq; orationibus Rhetoricis a
liquid dicunt appositè ad persuadendum, curantes artis præcepta seruare, & ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Pu
eri diuersarum scholarum versibus inter se conrixantur: & de principijs artis Grammaticæ, regulis præteritorum vel futurorum contendunt: Sunt alij qui epigrammatibus, rithmis & metris vtuntur, vetere illa triuiali dicacitate, li
centia Fescennina socios, suppressis nominibus liberiùs lacerant, Loedorias iaculantur & scommata, salibus So
craticis sociorū, vel fortè maiorum vitia tangunt, vel mor
dacius dente rodunt Theonino audacibus *. Auditores multùm ridere parati ingeminant tremulos naso crispante cachinnos.
men fauore personæ alicuius, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui secundum philosophiā noti & præclari habentur, & aliæ ibi sunt scholæ de gratia & permissione. Diebus festis ad ecclesias festiuas magistri conuentus celebrantur: Dis
putāt scolares, quidam demonstratiué, Dialecticé alij: alij recitant enthymemata: hij meliùs perfectis vtuntur Syl
logismis. Quidam ad ostentationem exercentur dispu
tat one, quæ est inter colluctantes. Alij ad veritatē, ea quæ est perfectionis gratia: sophistæ simulatores agmine & in
undatione verborum beati iudicantur. Alij paralogizan
tur: Oratores aliqui quandoq; orationibus Rhetoricis a
liquid dicunt appositè ad persuadendum, curantes artis præcepta seruare, & ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Pu
eri diuersarum scholarum versibus inter se conrixantur: & de principijs artis Grammaticæ, regulis præteritorum vel futurorum contendunt: Sunt alij qui epigrammatibus, rithmis & metris vtuntur, vetere illa triuiali dicacitate, li
centia Fescennina socios, suppressis nominibus liberiùs lacerant, Loedorias iaculantur & scommata, salibus So
craticis sociorū, vel fortè maiorum vitia tangunt, vel mor
dacius dente rodunt Theonino audacibus *. Auditores multùm ridere parati ingeminant tremulos naso crispante cachinnos.
De
477
Stephanides.
De dispositione vrbis.
SIngulorum officiorum exercitores, singularum rerū venditores, singularum
operarum suarum locatores, quotidiano mane per se sunt locis distincti omnes vt
officijs. Pretereà est in Londonia supra ripam fluminis inter vina in
nauibus & cellis vinarijs venalia, publica coqui
na: ibi cotidiè pro tempore est inuenire cibaria fercula, assa, frixa, elixa, pisces, pisciculos, carnes grossiores pau
peribus, delicatiores diuitibus, venationum, auium, aui
cularum. Si subitò veniant ad aliquem ciuium amici fati
gati ex itinere, nec libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui cibi e
mantur, coquantur, dant famuli manibus limphas panes
que, interim ad ripam curritur, ibi prestò sunt omnia desi
derabilia. Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infini
tas intrat vrbem, qualibet diêi vel noctis hora, vel ab vrbe exitura, ne vel hi nimium ieiunent, vel alij impransi exe
ant, illuc si placeat diuertunt, et se pro modo suo singuli reficiunt: qui se curare volunt molliter, accipenserem vel aliam auem, vel attagen Ionicum non quærant, appositis quæ ibi inueniuntur delicijs: Hæc equidem publica co
quina est & ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuitatem pertinens: Hinc est quod legitur in Gorgia Platonis, iux
ta medicinam esse coquorum officium, simulantium & adulationē quartæ particulæ ciuilitatis. Est ibi extra vnam portarum statim in suburbio quidam planus campus re & nomine. Omni sexta feria, nisi sit maior festiuitas præcep
tæ solempnitatis, est ibi celebre spectaculum nobilium e
quorum venalium. Spectaturi vel empturi veniunt qui in vrbe adsunt, comites, barones, milites, ciues plurimi. Iuuat videre gradarios succussatura nitēte suauiter ambulātes: pe
dibus lateraliter simul erectis, quasi a subalternis & demis
sis: Hinc equos, qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius incedentes, sed expeditè tamen, qui quasi â contradictori
tis formæ, staturæ honestæ, micantes auribus, cerui
cibus arduis, clunibus obesis. In horum incessu spectant emptores, primo passū suauiorē, posteà motūcitatiorē, qui est quasi a contrarijs pedibus anterioribus simul solo amo
tis & admotis, & posterioribus similiter. Cum talium soni
pedum cursus imminet, & aliorum fortè qui similiter sunt in genere suo ad vecturā validi, ad cursuram vegeti: cla
mor attollitur, vulgares equos in partem ire præcipitur: Sessores alipedum pueri tres simul, aliquando bini ex con
dicto & bini certamini se præparant, docti equis imperita
re, indomitorum lupatis temperant frænis ora: hoc maxi
me præcauent, ne alter alteri concursum præripiat. Et qui similiter pro modo suo ad certamen cursus illius attollunt; tremunt artus, moræ impatientes, stare loco nesciunt, facto signo membra extendunt, cursum rapiunt, agilitate perui
caci feruntur: certant sessores laudis amore, spe victoriæ, equis admissis subdere calcaria, & nec minus vrgere eos virgis & ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu esse, se
cundum Heraclitum, & falsam omnino Zenonis sententi
am, dicentis, quoniam, non contingit moueri, neque sta
dium pertransire. Parte alia stant seorsim rusticorū peculia, agrorū iustrumenta, sues longis lateribus, vaccæ distentis vberibus, corpora magna boum, lanigerūq; pecus: stant ibi aptæ aratris, trahis & bigis equæ: quarundam ventres foetibus tument: alias editi foetus obeunt pulli lasciuiores, sequela inseparabilis. Ad hanc vrbē ex omni natione quæ sub coelo est, naualia gaudent institores habere commer
cia. Aurum mittit Arabs, species & thura Sabæus, Arma Scythes, oleum palmarum diuite silua. Pingue solum Ba
or est. Ab eisdem quippe patribus Troianis hæc prius a Bruto condita est, quàm illa a Remo et Romulo. Vnde et adhuc antiquis eisdem vtuntur legibus, communibus in
stitutis. Hæc similiter illi regionibus est distincta: habet annuos pro consulibus vicecomites: habet senatoriam dignitatem & magistratus minores: Eluuiones et aquæ
ductus in vicis: Ad genera causarū deliberatiuæ, demon
stratiuæ, iudicialis loca sua, fora singula: habet sua die
bus statutis comitia. Non puto vrbem esse in qua sint pro
babiliores consuetudines, in ecclesiis visitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, festis feriandis, eleemosinis dandis, in hospitibus suscipiendis, in desponsationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis celebrandis, conuiuijs ornandis, conuiuis hilarandis, etiam in exequiis curan
dis & cadaueribus humandis. Solæ pestes Londini sunt, immoderata stultorum potatio, et frequens incendium. Ad hæc omnes ferè Episcopi, Abbates, & Magnates An
gliæ, quasi ciues et municipes sunt vrbis Londoniæ: sua ibi habentes ædificia præclara, vbi serecipiunt, vbi diuites impensas faciunt, ad consilia, ad conuentus celebres in vrbem euocati, a Domino rege, vel Metropolitano suo, seu propriis tracti negotiis.
na: ibi cotidiè pro tempore est inuenire cibaria fercula, assa, frixa, elixa, pisces, pisciculos, carnes grossiores pau
peribus, delicatiores diuitibus, venationum, auium, aui
cularum. Si subitò veniant ad aliquem ciuium amici fati
gati ex itinere, nec libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui cibi e
mantur, coquantur, dant famuli manibus limphas panes
que, interim ad ripam curritur, ibi prestò sunt omnia desi
derabilia. Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infini
tas intrat vrbem, qualibet diêi vel noctis hora, vel ab vrbe exitura, ne vel hi nimium ieiunent, vel alij impransi exe
ant, illuc si placeat diuertunt, et se pro modo suo singuli reficiunt: qui se curare volunt molliter, accipenserem vel aliam auem, vel attagen Ionicum non quærant, appositis quæ ibi inueniuntur delicijs: Hæc equidem publica co
quina est & ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuitatem pertinens: Hinc est quod legitur in Gorgia Platonis, iux
ta medicinam esse coquorum officium, simulantium & adulationē quartæ particulæ ciuilitatis. Est ibi extra vnam portarum statim in suburbio quidam planus campus re & nomine. Omni sexta feria, nisi sit maior festiuitas præcep
tæ solempnitatis, est ibi celebre spectaculum nobilium e
quorum venalium. Spectaturi vel empturi veniunt qui in vrbe adsunt, comites, barones, milites, ciues plurimi. Iuuat videre gradarios succussatura nitēte suauiter ambulātes: pe
dibus lateraliter simul erectis, quasi a subalternis & demis
sis: Hinc equos, qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius incedentes, sed expeditè tamen, qui quasi â contradictori
bus
478
Stephanides.
bus pedes simul eleuāt &
deponunt: Hinc nobiles pullos iuniores, qui nondum fræno bene assueti, altius
incedunt, & mollia crura reponunt: Hinc summarios membris validis &
vegetis. Hinc dextrarios preciosos, elegantis formæ, staturæ honestæ, micantes auribus, cerui
cibus arduis, clunibus obesis. In horum incessu spectant emptores, primo passū suauiorē, posteà motūcitatiorē, qui est quasi a contrarijs pedibus anterioribus simul solo amo
tis & admotis, & posterioribus similiter. Cum talium soni
pedum cursus imminet, & aliorum fortè qui similiter sunt in genere suo ad vecturā validi, ad cursuram vegeti: cla
mor attollitur, vulgares equos in partem ire præcipitur: Sessores alipedum pueri tres simul, aliquando bini ex con
dicto & bini certamini se præparant, docti equis imperita
re, indomitorum lupatis temperant frænis ora: hoc maxi
me præcauent, ne alter alteri concursum præripiat. Et qui similiter pro modo suo ad certamen cursus illius attollunt; tremunt artus, moræ impatientes, stare loco nesciunt, facto signo membra extendunt, cursum rapiunt, agilitate perui
caci feruntur: certant sessores laudis amore, spe victoriæ, equis admissis subdere calcaria, & nec minus vrgere eos virgis & ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu esse, se
cundum Heraclitum, & falsam omnino Zenonis sententi
am, dicentis, quoniam, non contingit moueri, neque sta
dium pertransire. Parte alia stant seorsim rusticorū peculia, agrorū iustrumenta, sues longis lateribus, vaccæ distentis vberibus, corpora magna boum, lanigerūq; pecus: stant ibi aptæ aratris, trahis & bigis equæ: quarundam ventres foetibus tument: alias editi foetus obeunt pulli lasciuiores, sequela inseparabilis. Ad hanc vrbē ex omni natione quæ sub coelo est, naualia gaudent institores habere commer
cia. Aurum mittit Arabs, species & thura Sabæus, Arma Scythes, oleum palmarum diuite silua. Pingue solum Ba
bilon
479
Stephanides.
bilon, Nilus lapides preciosos. Seres
purpureas vestes. Norwegi, Russi, varium, grisium, sabelinas: Galli sua vina. Vrbe
Roma secundum Chronicorum fidem satis antiquior est. Ab eisdem quippe patribus Troianis hæc prius a Bruto condita est, quàm illa a Remo et Romulo. Vnde et adhuc antiquis eisdem vtuntur legibus, communibus in
stitutis. Hæc similiter illi regionibus est distincta: habet annuos pro consulibus vicecomites: habet senatoriam dignitatem & magistratus minores: Eluuiones et aquæ
ductus in vicis: Ad genera causarū deliberatiuæ, demon
stratiuæ, iudicialis loca sua, fora singula: habet sua die
bus statutis comitia. Non puto vrbem esse in qua sint pro
babiliores consuetudines, in ecclesiis visitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, festis feriandis, eleemosinis dandis, in hospitibus suscipiendis, in desponsationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis celebrandis, conuiuijs ornandis, conuiuis hilarandis, etiam in exequiis curan
dis & cadaueribus humandis. Solæ pestes Londini sunt, immoderata stultorum potatio, et frequens incendium. Ad hæc omnes ferè Episcopi, Abbates, & Magnates An
gliæ, quasi ciues et municipes sunt vrbis Londoniæ: sua ibi habentes ædificia præclara, vbi serecipiunt, vbi diuites impensas faciunt, ad consilia, ad conuentus celebres in vrbem euocati, a Domino rege, vel Metropolitano suo, seu propriis tracti negotiis.
De Ludis.
AMplius et ad ludos vrbis veniamus, quomā nō expe
dit vtilē tantùm et seriā vrbē esse, nisi dulcis etiam sit, & iucunda. Vnde et in sigillis summorum Pontificum, vs
que ad tempora Leonis Papæ, ex altera parte Bullæ, sculpto per impressionem piscatore Petro, et supra eum claue, qua
si manu Dei de coelis ei porrecta, et circa eum versu, Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem.
dit vtilē tantùm et seriā vrbē esse, nisi dulcis etiam sit, & iucunda. Vnde et in sigillis summorum Pontificum, vs
que ad tempora Leonis Papæ, ex altera parte Bullæ, sculpto per impressionem piscatore Petro, et supra eum claue, qua
si manu Dei de coelis ei porrecta, et circa eum versu, Tu pro me nauem liquisti, suscipe clauem.
Ex
480
Stephanides.
Ex altera parte impressa erat vrbs,
et scriptura ista, Aurea Roma. Item ad laudē Gæsaris Augusti, et Romæ dictū est.
Nocte pluit tota, redeunt spectaculamane,
Diuisum imperium cum Ioue Cæsar habes.
Lundonia pro spectaculis theatralibus, pro ludis sceni
cis, ludos habet sanctiores, representationes miraculo
rum, quæ sancti Confessores operati sunt, feu repræsen
tationes passionum, quibus claruit constantia Marty
rum. Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur Carnivale vt â puerorum ludis incipiamus (omnes enim pueri fuimus) scholarum singuli pueri suos apportant magi
stro suo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, & totū illud an
temeridianum datur ludo puerorum vacantium specta
re in scholis suorum pugnas gallorum. Post prandium exit in campos omnis iuuentus vrbis ad lusum pilæ cele
brem. Singulorum studiorum scolares suam habent pilā: singulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores suam singuli pilam in manibus. Maiores natu patres & diuites vrbis, in equis spectatum veniunt certamina iuniorum, & modo suo inueniuntur cum iuuenibus: & excitari videtur in eis motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus & participatione gaudiorum adolescentiæ liberioris. Singu
lis diebus dominicis in Quadragesima post prandia exit in campos iuuenum recens examen in equis bellicosis: in equis certamine primis: quorum quisque aptus & in gy
ros currere doctus equus. Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filij ciuium laici, instructi lanceis & scutis militaribus: iu
niores hastilibus ferro dempto præfurcatis, simulachra belli cient & agonisticam exercent militarem. Adueni
unt & plurimi Aulici rege in vicino posito, & de familijs consulum & Baronum ephebi: non dum cingulo donati militiæ, gratia concertandi. Accendit singulos spes victo
riæ: equi feri adhinniunt, tremunt artus, frænos mandunt,
pedum rapit vngula cursum, sessores adolescentes diui sis agminibus hij præcedentibus instant, nec assequuntur, hij socios deijciunt & preteruolant. In feriis paschalibus lu
dunt quasi prælia naualia: in arbore siquidem mediamna scuto fortiter innexo, nauicula remo & raptu fluminis ci
ta, in prora stantem habet iuuenem scutum illud lancea percussurū: qui si scuto illi lanceam illidens frangat eam, & immotus persistat, habet propositum, voti compos est: si vero lancea integra fortiter percusserit, in profluentem amnem deiicitur: Nauis motu suo acta præterit. Sunt ta
men hinc inde secus scutum duæ naues stationariæ, & in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percussorem flumine ab
sorptum cum primo emersus comparet, vel sūma rursus cum bullit in vnda. Supra pontem & in solariis supra flu
uium, sunt qui talia spectent, multum ridere parati. In fe
stis tota æstate iuuenes ludentes exercentur, in saliendo, in arcu, in lucta, iactu lapidū, amentatis missilibus vltra me
tam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cythe
ræa ducit choros, & pede libera pulsatur tellus, vsq; im
minente luna. In hyeme singulis fere festis ante pran
dium, vel apri Spumantes pugnant pro capitibus, & ver
res fulmineis accincti dentibus addendi Succidiæ, vel pingues tauri Cornupetæ, seu vrsi immanes cum obiect
is depugnant canibus. Cúm est congelata palus illa mag
na quæ mænia vibis aquilonalia alluit, exeunt lusum super glaciem densæ iuuenum turmæ: Hi ex cursu motu cap
tato citatiore, distantia pedum posita, magnum spatium latere altero prætenso perlabuntur. Alii quasi magnos la
pides molares de glacie sedes sibi faciunt: sessorem vnum trahunt plurimi præcurrentes, manibus se tenentes: In tanta citatione motus aliquando pedibus lapsi cadunt omnes proni. Suntalii super glaciem ludere doctiores,
tes ossa, tibias scilicet animalium, & palos ferro acuto superposito tenentes in manibus, quos aliquando glaciei allidunt: tanta rapacitate feruntur, quanta auis volans, vel pilum balistæ. Interdum autem permagna procul di
stantia ex condicto, duo aliqui ita ab oppositis veniunt, concurritur: palos erigunt, se inuicem percutiunt: vel alter, vel ambo cadunt, non sine læsione corpora
li: cùm post casum etiam vi motus feruntur ab inuicem procul: & qua parte glacies caput tangit, totum radit, totum decorticat. Plerumq; tibia cadentis, vel brachiū, si super illud ceciderit, confringitur. Sed ætas auida gloriæ, iuuentus cupida victoriæ, vt in veris præliis fortius se ha
beant, ita in simulatis exercētur. Plurimi ciuium delectan
tur, ludentes in auibus coeli, Nisis, accipitribus & huius
modi, & in canibus militantibus in siluis. Habentque ci
ues suum ius venandi, in Middlesexia, Hertfordscira, & tota Chiltra, & in Cantiavsque ad aquam Craiæ. Lun
donienses tunc Trinouantes dicti Gaium Iulium Cesarē, qui nullas nisi sanguine fuso vias habere gaudebat, repu
lerunt. Vnde Lucanus.
Territa quæsitis ostendit terga Britannis.
cis, ludos habet sanctiores, representationes miraculo
rum, quæ sancti Confessores operati sunt, feu repræsen
tationes passionum, quibus claruit constantia Marty
rum. Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur Carnivale vt â puerorum ludis incipiamus (omnes enim pueri fuimus) scholarum singuli pueri suos apportant magi
stro suo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, & totū illud an
temeridianum datur ludo puerorum vacantium specta
re in scholis suorum pugnas gallorum. Post prandium exit in campos omnis iuuentus vrbis ad lusum pilæ cele
brem. Singulorum studiorum scolares suam habent pilā: singulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores suam singuli pilam in manibus. Maiores natu patres & diuites vrbis, in equis spectatum veniunt certamina iuniorum, & modo suo inueniuntur cum iuuenibus: & excitari videtur in eis motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus & participatione gaudiorum adolescentiæ liberioris. Singu
lis diebus dominicis in Quadragesima post prandia exit in campos iuuenum recens examen in equis bellicosis: in equis certamine primis: quorum quisque aptus & in gy
ros currere doctus equus. Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filij ciuium laici, instructi lanceis & scutis militaribus: iu
niores hastilibus ferro dempto præfurcatis, simulachra belli cient & agonisticam exercent militarem. Adueni
unt & plurimi Aulici rege in vicino posito, & de familijs consulum & Baronum ephebi: non dum cingulo donati militiæ, gratia concertandi. Accendit singulos spes victo
riæ: equi feri adhinniunt, tremunt artus, frænos mandunt,
impatien-
481
Stephanides.
impatientes moræ stare loco nesciunt.
Cum tandem Sonipedum rapit vngula cursum, sessores adolescentes diui sis agminibus hij præcedentibus instant, nec assequuntur, hij socios deijciunt & preteruolant. In feriis paschalibus lu
dunt quasi prælia naualia: in arbore siquidem mediamna scuto fortiter innexo, nauicula remo & raptu fluminis ci
ta, in prora stantem habet iuuenem scutum illud lancea percussurū: qui si scuto illi lanceam illidens frangat eam, & immotus persistat, habet propositum, voti compos est: si vero lancea integra fortiter percusserit, in profluentem amnem deiicitur: Nauis motu suo acta præterit. Sunt ta
men hinc inde secus scutum duæ naues stationariæ, & in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percussorem flumine ab
sorptum cum primo emersus comparet, vel sūma rursus cum bullit in vnda. Supra pontem & in solariis supra flu
uium, sunt qui talia spectent, multum ridere parati. In fe
stis tota æstate iuuenes ludentes exercentur, in saliendo, in arcu, in lucta, iactu lapidū, amentatis missilibus vltra me
tam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cythe
ræa ducit choros, & pede libera pulsatur tellus, vsq; im
minente luna. In hyeme singulis fere festis ante pran
dium, vel apri Spumantes pugnant pro capitibus, & ver
res fulmineis accincti dentibus addendi Succidiæ, vel pingues tauri Cornupetæ, seu vrsi immanes cum obiect
is depugnant canibus. Cúm est congelata palus illa mag
na quæ mænia vibis aquilonalia alluit, exeunt lusum super glaciem densæ iuuenum turmæ: Hi ex cursu motu cap
tato citatiore, distantia pedum posita, magnum spatium latere altero prætenso perlabuntur. Alii quasi magnos la
pides molares de glacie sedes sibi faciunt: sessorem vnum trahunt plurimi præcurrentes, manibus se tenentes: In tanta citatione motus aliquando pedibus lapsi cadunt omnes proni. Suntalii super glaciem ludere doctiores,
singuli
482
Stephanides.
singuli pedibus suis aptantes, &
sub talaribus suis alligantes ossa, tibias scilicet animalium, & palos ferro acuto superposito tenentes in manibus, quos aliquando glaciei allidunt: tanta rapacitate feruntur, quanta auis volans, vel pilum balistæ. Interdum autem permagna procul di
stantia ex condicto, duo aliqui ita ab oppositis veniunt, concurritur: palos erigunt, se inuicem percutiunt: vel alter, vel ambo cadunt, non sine læsione corpora
li: cùm post casum etiam vi motus feruntur ab inuicem procul: & qua parte glacies caput tangit, totum radit, totum decorticat. Plerumq; tibia cadentis, vel brachiū, si super illud ceciderit, confringitur. Sed ætas auida gloriæ, iuuentus cupida victoriæ, vt in veris præliis fortius se ha
beant, ita in simulatis exercētur. Plurimi ciuium delectan
tur, ludentes in auibus coeli, Nisis, accipitribus & huius
modi, & in canibus militantibus in siluis. Habentque ci
ues suum ius venandi, in Middlesexia, Hertfordscira, & tota Chiltra, & in Cantiavsque ad aquam Craiæ. Lun
donienses tunc Trinouantes dicti Gaium Iulium Cesarē, qui nullas nisi sanguine fuso vias habere gaudebat, repu
lerunt. Vnde Lucanus.
Ciuitas Lundonia reperit aliquos, qui regna plurima, et Romanum sibi
subdiderunt imperium: et plurimos alios, quos mundi Dominos virtus euexit ad Deos,
vt fuerat in Apollinis oraculo Bruto promissum:
Brute sub occasu solis, trans Gallica regna,
Insula in Oceano est vndiq; clausa mari:
Hanc pete:
namq;
tibi sedes erit illa perennis
Hæc fiet natis altera Troia tuis.
Hic de stirpe tua reges nascentur; & ipsis
Totius terræ subditus orbis erit.
In temporibus Christianis nobilem illum edidit Im
pæ, cui & stratoris exhibuit officium, & se non amplius Imperatorem, sed sanctæ ecclesiæ Romanæ defensorem gauisus est vocari: et ne pax Domini Papæ occasione præsentiæ eius secularis strepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipse ab vrbe Domino Papæ collata discessit, & sibi ciuita
tem Bizantium edificauit. Lundonia & modernis tempori
bus, reges illustres magnificosq; peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, Henricum regem tertium, & beatum Thomam Archiepiscopum Christi Martyrem gloriosum, quali non candidiorem tulit, nec quo fu
erit deuinctior alter omnibus bonis totius orbis Latini.
peratorem
483
Stephanides.
peratorem Constantinum, qui
vrbem Roman, et imperialia insignia omnia Deo donauit, & beato Petro
et Siluestro Papæ, cui & stratoris exhibuit officium, & se non amplius Imperatorem, sed sanctæ ecclesiæ Romanæ defensorem gauisus est vocari: et ne pax Domini Papæ occasione præsentiæ eius secularis strepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipse ab vrbe Domino Papæ collata discessit, & sibi ciuita
tem Bizantium edificauit. Lundonia & modernis tempori
bus, reges illustres magnificosq; peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, Henricum regem tertium, & beatum Thomam Archiepiscopum Christi Martyrem gloriosum, quali non candidiorem tulit, nec quo fu
erit deuinctior alter omnibus bonis totius orbis Latini.
Cite this page
MLA citation
Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae.The Map of Early Modern London, edited by , U of Victoria, 20 Jun. 2018, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm.
Chicago citation
Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae.The Map of Early Modern London. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed June 20, 2018. http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm.
APA citation
The Map of Early Modern London. Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm.
, & 2018. Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae.
In (Ed), RIS file (for RefMan, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Stow, John A1 - fitz Stephen, William ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae T2 - The Map of Early Modern London PY - 2018 DA - 2018/06/20 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm UR - http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/xml/standalone/stow_1598_fitzstephen.xml ER -
RefWorks
RT Web Page SR Electronic(1) A1 Stow, John A1 fitz Stephen, William A6 Jenstad, Janelle T1 Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae T2 The Map of Early Modern London WP 2018 FD 2018/06/20 RD 2018/06/20 PP Victoria PB University of Victoria LA English OL English LK http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm
TEI citation
<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#STOW6"><surname>Stow</surname>, <forename>John</forename></name></author>, and <author><name ref="#FITZ1"><forename>William</forename> <surname><nameLink>fitz</nameLink> Stephen</surname></name></author>. <title level="a">Survey of London: Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2018-06-20">20 Jun. 2018</date>, <ref target="http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm</ref>.</bibl>Personography
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Janelle Jenstad
JJ
Janelle Jenstad, associate professor in the department of English at the University of Victoria, is the general editor and coordinator of The Map of Early Modern London. She is also the assistant coordinating editor of Internet Shakespeare Editions. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. Her articles have appeared in the Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), and Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, forthcoming). She is currently working on an edition of The Merchant of Venice for ISE and Broadview P. She lectures regularly on London studies, digital humanities, and on Shakespeare in performance.Roles played in the project
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Tye Landels-Gruenewald
TLG
Research assistant, 2013-15, and data manager, 2015 to present. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.Roles played in the project
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Kim McLean-Fiander
KMF
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–present; Associate Project Director, 2015–present; Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014; MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Nathan Phillips
NAP
Graduate Research Assistant, 2012-14. Nathan Phillips completed his MA at the University of Victoria specializing in medieval and early modern studies in April 2014. His research focuses on seventeenth-century non-dramatic literature, intellectual history, and the intersection of religion and politics. Additionally, Nathan is interested in textual studies, early-Tudor drama, and the editorial questions one can ask of all sixteenth- and seventeenth-century texts in the twisted mire of 400 years of editorial practice. Nathan is currently a Ph.D. student in the Department of English at Brown University.Roles played in the project
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Sebastian Rahtz
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Programmer, 2018-present; Junior Programmer, 2015 to 2017; Research Assistant, 2014 to 2017. Joey Takeda is an MA student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests include diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.Roles played in the project
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Katie Tanigawa is a doctoral candidate at the University of Victoria. Her dissertation focuses on representations of poverty in Irish modernist literature. Her additional research interests include geospatial analyses of modernist texts and digital humanities approaches to teaching and analyzing literature.Roles played in the project
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MoEML Research Affiliate. Research assistant, 2012-14. Sarah Milligan completed her MA at the University of Victoria in 2012 on the invalid persona in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese. She has also worked with the Internet Shakespeare Editions and with Dr. Alison Chapman on the Victorian Poetry Network, compiling an index of Victorian periodical poetry.Roles played in the project
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Richard I
King Richard I the Lionheart
(b. 8 November 1157, d. 6 April 1199)King of England, duke of Normandy and of Aquitaine, and count of Anjou. Third son of King Henry II.Richard I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen I is mentioned in the following documents:
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Plato
Philosopher in classical Greece and founder of the first institution of higher learning in the western world.Plato is mentioned in the following documents:
Locations
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Pope’s Head Alley
Pope’s Head Alley ran south from Cornhill to Lombard Street, and was named for the Pope’s Head Tavern that stood at its northern end. Although it does not appear on the Agas Map, its approximate location can be surmised since all three streets still exist. Although Stow himself does not discuss Pope’s Head Alley directly, his book wasImprinted by Iohn Wolfe, Printer to the honorable Citie of London: And are to be sold at his shop within the Popes head Alley in Lombard street. 1598
(Stow 1598). Booksellers proliferated Alley in the early years of the 17th century (Sugden 418).Pope’s Head Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lombard Street
Lombard Street runs east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry. The Agas map labels itLombard streat.
Lombard Street limns the south end of Langbourn Ward, but borders three other wards: Walbrook Ward to the south east, Bridge Within Ward to the south west, and Candlewick Street Ward to the south.Lombard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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