Encyclopedia
Documents that form part of the encyclopedia component of the MoEML project.
References
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1633 Survey Chapters.
The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/stow_1633.htm. -
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Executions.
The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/EXEC1.htm. -
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The Carriers’ Cosmography.
The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/CARR1.htm.
Cite this page
MLA citation
, and .
Documents that form part of the encyclopedia component of the MoEML project.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by , U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm.
Chicago citation
, and .
Documents that form part of the encyclopedia component of the MoEML project.The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. . Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm.
APA citation
, & 2022. Documents that form part of the encyclopedia component of the MoEML project.
In (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm.
RIS file (for RefMan, RefWorks, EndNote etc.)
Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - The MoEML Team The MoEML Team A1 - Holmes, Martin ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Documents that form part of the encyclopedia component of the MoEML project. T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/mdtEncyclopedia.xml ER -
TEI citation
<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#TEAM1" type="org">The MoEML Team <reg>The MoEML
Team</reg></name></author>, and <author><name ref="#HOLM3"><forename>Martin</forename>
<forename>D.</forename> <surname>Holmes</surname></name></author>. <title level="a">Documents
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level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>,
edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><forename>Janelle</forename> <surname>Jenstad</surname></name></editor>,
<publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date when="2022-05-05">05 May 2022</date>,
<ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopedia.htm</ref>.</bibl>
Personography
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Joey Takeda
JT
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.Roles played in the project
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Abstract Author
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CSS Editor
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Geo-Coordinate Researcher
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Junior Programmer
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Contributions by this author
Joey Takeda is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Joey Takeda is mentioned in the following documents:
Joey Takeda authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print.
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Kim McLean-Fiander
KMF
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.Roles played in the project
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Associate Project Director
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Author
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CSS Editor
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Director of Pedagogy and Outreach
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Contributions by this author
Kim McLean-Fiander is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Kim McLean-Fiander is mentioned in the following documents:
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Janelle Jenstad
JJ
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).Roles played in the project
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Abstract Author
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Author
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Author (Preface)
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Contributions by this author
Janelle Jenstad is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Janelle Jenstad is mentioned in the following documents:
Janelle Jenstad authored or edited the following items in MoEML’s bibliography:
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Jenstad, Janelle and Joseph Takeda.
Making the RA Matter: Pedagogy, Interface, and Practices.
Making Things and Drawing Boundaries: Experiments in the Digital Humanities. Ed. Jentery Sayers. Minnesota: University of Minnesota Press, 2018. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Building a Gazetteer for Early Modern London, 1550-1650.
Placing Names. Ed. Merrick Lex Berman, Ruth Mostern, and Humphrey Southall. Bloomington and Indianapolis: Indiana UP, 2016. 129-145. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Burse and the Merchant’s Purse: Coin, Credit, and the Nation in Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody.
The Elizabethan Theatre XV. Ed. C.E. McGee and A.L. Magnusson. Toronto: P.D. Meany, 2002. 181–202. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Early Modern Literary Studies 8.2 (2002): 5.1–26..The City Cannot Hold You
: Social Conversion in the Goldsmith’s Shop. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
The Silver Society Journal 10 (1998): 40–43.The Gouldesmythes Storehowse
: Early Evidence for Specialisation. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Lying-in Like a Countess: The Lisle Letters, the Cecil Family, and A Chaste Maid in Cheapside.
Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies 34 (2004): 373–403. doi:10.1215/10829636–34–2–373. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Public Glory, Private Gilt: The Goldsmiths’ Company and the Spectacle of Punishment.
Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society. Ed. Anne Goldgar and Robert Frost. Leiden: Brill, 2004. 191–217. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Smock Secrets: Birth and Women’s Mysteries on the Early Modern Stage.
Performing Maternity in Early Modern England. Ed. Katherine Moncrief and Kathryn McPherson. Aldershot: Ashgate, 2007. 87–99. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Using Early Modern Maps in Literary Studies: Views and Caveats from London.
GeoHumanities: Art, History, Text at the Edge of Place. Ed. Michael Dear, James Ketchum, Sarah Luria, and Doug Richardson. London: Routledge, 2011. Print. -
Jenstad, Janelle.
Versioning John Stow’s A Survey of London, or, What’s New in 1618 and 1633?.
Janelle Jenstad Blog. https://janellejenstad.com/2013/03/20/versioning-john-stows-a-survey-of-london-or-whats-new-in-1618-and-1633/. -
Shakespeare, William. The Merchant of Venice. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Internet Shakespeare Editions. U of Victoria. http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/Library/Texts/MV/.
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Stow, John. A SVRVAY OF LONDON. Contayning the Originall, Antiquity, Increase, Moderne estate, and description of that Citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow Citizen of London. Also an Apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that Citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an Appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Ed. Janelle Jenstad and the MoEML Team. MoEML. Transcribed.
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Martin D. Holmes
MDH
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.Roles played in the project
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Abstract Author
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Author
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Conceptor
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Editor
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Encoder
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Geo-Coordinate Researcher
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Markup Editor
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Post-Conversion Editor
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Programmer
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Proofreader
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Researcher
Contributions by this author
Martin D. Holmes is a member of the following organizations and/or groups:
Martin D. Holmes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Locations
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Abbey of St. Clare
Founded in 1293 by Edmund, earl of Lancaster, the Abbey of St. Clare is also referred to in Stow’s Survey asthe Minories
(Stow 1633, sig. M2v), a name derived from the toponymthe Abbey of the Minoresses of St. Mary of the Order of St. Clare
(Harben 416). It occupied five acres of land. After the Abbey was surrendered to Henry VIII by Dame Elizabeth Salvage, the abbess, the site was occupied by the Parish Church of Holy Trinity (Minories) until 1899 (Harben 151).Abbey of St. Clare is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abbey of St. Mary Graces
The Abbey of St. Mary Graces is a chapel built in around 1350 within the Holy Trinity Churchyard and later a large monastery controlled by the Cistercian order (Harben). The abbey was built within the aforementioned churchyard, east of Little Tower Hill and south of Hog Lane (East Smithfield).Abbey of St. Mary Graces is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abbot of St. Alban’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Abchurch Lane
Abchurch Lane runs north-south from Lombard Street to Candlewick Street. The Agas Map labels itAbchurche lane.
It lies mainly in Candlewick Street Ward, but part of it serves as the boundary between Langbourne Ward and Candlewick Street Ward.Abchurch Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Addle Hill
Addle Hill or Athelyngstrete ran north from Knightrider Street up to Carter Lane (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v). Stow records it running from Carter Lane to Knightrider Street but, as Carlin and Belcher note, it was extended south of Thames Street by 1250 (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v; Carlin and Belcher Athelyngstrete). Stow may have recorded Addle Hill this way to distinguish between the raised and level portions of the street (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v). It is labelledAddle Hill
on the Agas Map. Carlin and Belcher’s 1520 map labels the streetAthelyngstrete
(Carlin and Belcher Athelyngstrete). The southern portion of the street was destroyed to allow the formation of Queen Victoria Street in the nineteenth century (Harben). There is still anAddle Hill
in London at the same location though it has been significantly reduced in length.Addle Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Addle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Adwych Lane
Beginning just south of the Angel Inn (Adwych), Adwych Lane was an offshoot of Holywell Street (or Halywell Street) that ran east-to-west. Carlin and Belcher describe it as a location that[b]y 1199 extended from modern Drury Lane S. to Stone Cross
(Carlin and Belcher 63).Adwych Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Alderman Bury
According to Stow, Alderman Bury was the meeting place of the Court of Aldermen before the completion of the Guild Hall in 1431 (Stow 1598, sig. Q4r). Alderman Bury stood on the east side of Aldermanbury street, just to the west of its successor, the Guild Hall. In Stow’s time, the site of the demolished Alderman Bury, whose ruins were still visible, was used as a carpenter’s yard (Stow 1598, sig. Q4r). This site is not to be confused with Aldermanbury, the street which ran north-south between Love Lane and Lad Lane.Alderman Bury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldermanbury
Aldermanbury ran north-south, between Lad Lane in the south and Love Lane in the north and parallel between Wood Street in the west and Basinghall Street in the east. It lay wholly in Cripplegate Ward. This street is not to be confused with Alderman Bury, the former meeting place of the Court of Alderman.Aldermanbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldermanbury Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate
Aldersgate was one of London’s four original gates (Stow 1598, sig. C7r), labelledAlders gate
on the Agas map. The gate was likely built into the Wall of London during the Roman Conquest, marking the northern entrance into the city.Aldersgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate Bars
Aldersgate Bars marked the limits of the city liberties at the north end of Aldersgate Street.Aldersgate Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldersgate Ward
Aldersgate Ward is west of Cripplegate Ward. Both the ward and its main street are named after Aldersgate, the north gate of the city.Aldersgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate
Aldgate was the easternmost gate into the walled city. The nameAldgate
is thought to come from one of four sources: Æst geat meaningEastern gate
(Ekwall 36), Alegate from the Old English ealu meaningale,
Aelgate from the Saxon meaningpublic gate
oropen to all,
or Aeldgate meaningold gate
(Bebbington 20–21).Aldgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Bars
The Aldgate Bars were posts that marked the eastern limits of the City of London. They were located at the western end of Whitechapel and the eastern end of Aldgate Street. Stow makes no attempt to describe them in detail apart from mentioning their geographic importance as boundary markers (Stow). The bars were removed in the eighteenth century (Harben).Aldgate Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Street
Aldgate Street ran slightly south-west from Aldgate until it reached a pump, formerly a sweet well. At that point, the street forked into two streets. The northern branch, called Aldgate Street, ran west until it ran into Cornhill at Lime Street. At an earlier point in history, Cornhill seems to have extended east past Lime Street because the church of St. Andrew Undershaft was called St. Andrew upon Cornhill (Harben 10).Aldgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Aldgate Ward
Aldgate Ward is located within the London Wall and east of Lime Street Ward. Both the ward and its main street, Aldgate Street, are named after Aldgate, the eastern gate into the walled city (Stow 1633, sig. N6v).Aldgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Honey Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows (London Wall)
All Hallows, London Wall is a church built east of Bishopsgate, near or on the City Wall. The church is visible on the Agas map northwest of Broad Street and up against the south side of the City Wall. The labelAll Haloues in y Wall
is west of the church. In his description of Broad Street Ward, Stow notes only the location of the church and the three distinguished people interred therein by 1601.All Hallows (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows Barking
The church of All Hallows Barking is in Tower Street Ward on the southeast corner of Seething Lane and on the north side of Tower Street. Stow describes it as afayre parish Church.
All Hallows Barking is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows Staining is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows the Great
All Hallows the Great was a church located on the south side of Thames Street and on the east side of Church Lane. Stow describes it as afaire Church with a large cloyster,
but remarks that it has beenfoulely defaced and ruinated
(Stow 1:235).All Hallows the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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All Hallows the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Almshouses (St. Giles Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Almshouses (Wood Street)
The Almshouses of Wood Street were located on the east side of the street, south of Bowyers’ Hall. Carlin and Belcher note that the almshouses were built in 1416by request to the Skinners’ Company of mayor Henry Barton
(Carlin and Belcher 64).Almshouses (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Amen Corner is mentioned in the following documents:
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Amwell Head is mentioned in the following documents:
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Anchor Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Andrew’s Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Andro Morris Key
Andro Morris Key, also known as Andro Morris Quay or Andrew Morris Key, was one of the so-called Legal Quays that sat east of London Bridge and west of Petty Wales/Galley Row and the Tower of London. It was within Tower Street Ward and appears on the Agas map asAndrew morice kay.
Andro Morris Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Angel Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Angel Inn (Adwych) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Angel Inn (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Angel Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Annis a Cleare is mentioned in the following documents:
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Antelope (Southwark)
The Antelope (Southwark) and Suffolk House were the two messuages that King Edward VI kept in Bridge Without Ward after he resigned his right as lord of the manor in 1550 (Cunningham 72). John Stow notes that after 1550, King Edward VI continued to own his park in Southwark, which included the grounds called the Antelope (Stow 1633, sig. 2P5v).Antelope (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Armourers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Artillery Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Arundel House
Arundel House (c. 1221-1682) was located on the Thames between Milford Lane and Strand Lane. It was to the east of Somerset House, to the south of St. Clement Danes, and adjacent to the Roman Baths at Strand Lane.Arundel House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Arundel Stairs
Arundel Stairs provided access to Arundel House from the Thames.Arundel Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Atrium (St. Paul’s)
The Atrium near St. Paul’s Cathedral was located on the west side of the cathedral, adjacent to St. Peter’s College Rents and the Stationers’ Hall.Atrium (St. Paul’s) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Austin Friars
Austin Friars was a church on the west side of Broad Street in Broad Street Ward. It was formerly part of the Priory of Augustine Friars, established in 1253. At the dissolution of the monastery in 1539,the West end [of the church] thereof inclosed from the steeple, and Quier, was in the yeare 1550. graunted to the Dutch Nation in London [by Edward VI], to be their preaching place
(Stow). TheQuier and side Isles to the Quier adioyning, he reserued to housholde vses, as for stowage of corne, coale, and other things
(Stow). The church, completely rebuilt in the nineteenth century and then again mid-way through the twentieth century, still belongs to Dutch Protestants to this day.Austin Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ave Maria Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Axe Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Back Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bacon House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bakers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ball Alley
Ball Alley was a small alley that ran south from London Wall to the gardens of the Leathersellers’ Hall.Ball Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ballardes Lane
Ballardes Lane is marked on the 1520 map as branching off of Chancery Lane. Carlin and Belcher note that the street is now (i.e., 1989) known asCarey Street,
as it is still called today (Carlin and Belcher). According to Harben, the first mention of thisCarey Street
is from 1708 (Harben). This street, therefore, is not to be confused with Carey Lane.Ballardes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bangor Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bankside
Described by Weinreb asredolent of squalor and vice
(Weinreb 39), London’s Bankside district in Southwark was known for its taverns, brothels and playhouses in the early modern period. However, in approximately 50 BCE its strategic location on the south bank of the Thames enticed the Roman army to use it as a military base for its conquering of Britain. From Bankside, the Romans built a bridge to the north side of the river and established the ancient town of Londinium. The Bankside district is mentioned in a variety of early modern texts, mostly in reference to the bawdy reputation of its citizens. Today, London’s Bankside is known as an arts district and is considered essential to the culture of the city.Bankside is mentioned in the following documents:
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Banqueting House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbican
Barbican was a historically significant street that ran east-west, connecting Aldersgate Street in the west with Redcross Street and Golden Lane in the east. Barbican wasmore then halfe
contained by Cripplegate Ward, with the rest lying within Aldersgate Ward (Stow 1:291). The street is labeled on the Agas map asBarbican.
Barbican is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbican Manor
Barbican Manor was a manor on Barbican Street. There is aBarbican
label on the Agas map, but it is unclear whether it refers to the street or the manor. The position of the feature on the Agas map near theBarbican
label corresponds to the manor’s position on the 1520 map. According to Stow, the site of Barbican Manor was previously the site of Barbican Tower, a watchtower or barbican, from which both the manor and street got their names. The site was granted to Robert Efforde in 1336 (Stow 1598, sig. E2v).Barbican Manor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barbican Tower
Barbican Tower was a watchtower or barbican to the northeast of the London Wall. According to Stow, Henry III ordered the tower’s demolition in 1267 in response to the Second Barons’ War (Stow 1598, sig. E2v), though Harben suggests that the tower was later rebuilt (Harben). The site was granted to Robert Efforde in 1336 and became Barbican Manor (Stow 1598, sig. E2v).Barbican Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barkley’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Barnards Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bartholomew Lane
Bartholomew Lane was in Broad Street Ward and ran north-south from the junction of Throgmorton Street and Lothbury to Threadneedle Street. Bartholomew Lane is visible on the Agas map running southeast on the west side of St. Bartholomew by the Exchange. It is labelledbar eelmew la.
Stow was the first to record the street as Bartholomew Lane in the 1598 edition of A Survey.Bartholomew Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bartholomew’s Lane (West Smithfield)
Bartholomew’s Lane (West Smithfield) is listed in Carlin and Belcher and is marked on the corresponding 1520 map (Carlin and Belcher). On that map, it runs along the south side of St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. It is neither marked on the Agas map nor mentioned by Stow.Bartholomew’s Lane (West Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basing Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basing Lane
Basing Lane, also known as theBakehouse,
ran west from Bow Lane to Bread Street (Stow 1633, sig. 2L5r). The part from Bow Lane to the back door of the Red Lion (in Watling Street) lay in Cordwainer Street Ward, and the rest in Breadstreet Ward. Stow did not know the derivation of the street’s name, but suggested it had been called the Bakehouse in the fourteenth century,whether ment for the Kings bakehouse, or of bakers dwelling there, and baking bread to serue the market in Bredstreete, where the bread was sold, I know not
(Stow).Basing Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Basinghall Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bassett’s Inn
Carlin and Belcher observe that the namesake of Bassett’s Inn is Sir Ralph Basset of Drayton, who opened it in about 1360. The inn was located on the east side of Gayspur Lane, just across from where it links to Addle Street. Bassett’s Inn was still operating by 1452 (Carlin and Belcher 65).Bassett’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bassinghall Ward
Bassinghall Ward is west of Coleman Street Ward. The ward and its main street Basinghall Street are named after Basing Hall (Stow 1633, sig. 2C5r).Bassinghall Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bassishaw Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bath Inn
In terms of the history of the site, Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin note that Bath Inn was built in 1414 and by 1423 it wasinherited by Richard Hankeford who became Lord Fitzwaryn in the right of his wife
(Carlin and Belcher 74). As such, the site was known asFitzwaryn’s Inn.
When the property came into the ownership of John Bourchier, who became the Earl of Bath in 1536, the location became known asBath House
orBath Inn.
When the Earl of Bath sold the property in 1621, the name of the house changed again toBrook House
(Williams 525-7).Bath Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Battle Bridge (Tooley Street)
Battle Bridge connected St. Olave Street with the road to Bermondsey and Horsleydown (Nichols 252). John Stow states that Battle Bridge was named after the Abbots of Battle Abbey, who built and repaired the bridge (Stow 1633, sig. 2R2r). The Abbots of Battle Abbey owned the Abbot of Battle’s Inn, which included the land surrounding Battle Bridge (Nichols 252). The site of the Abbot of Battle’s Inn and Battle Bridge is now marked by Battle Bridge Lane and Battle Bridge Stairs (Malden). Battle Bridge appears on Hogenberg and Braun’s 1572 map (Londinum Feracissimi Angliæ Regni Metropolis).Battle Bridge (Tooley Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Baynard’s Castle
Located on the banks of the Thames, Baynard’s Castle was built sometime in the late eleventh centuryby Baynard, a Norman who came over with William the Conqueror
(Weinreb and Hibbert 129). The castle passed to Baynard’s heirs until one William Baynard,who by forfeyture for fellonie, lost his Baronie of little Dunmow
(Stow 1:61). From the time it was built, Baynard’s Castle wasthe headquarters of London’s army until the reign of Edward I
when it washanded over to the Dominican Friars, the Blackfriars whose name is still commemorated along that part of the waterfront
(Hibbert 10).Baynard’s Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beachamp’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bear (London Wall)
According to the 1520 map, Bear (London Wall) was located just outside of Cripplegate. Harben’s entry notes that a 1732 survey refers to it asCock or Bear Alley
(Harben).Bear (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bear Garden
The Bear Garden was never a garden, but rather a polygonal bearbaiting arena whose exact locations across time are not known (Mackinder and Blatherwick 18). Labelled on the Agas map asThe Bearebayting,
the Bear Garden would have been one of several permanent structures—wooden arenas, dog kennels, bear pens—dedicated to the popular spectacle of bearbaiting in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.Bear Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bear Inn (Basinghall Street)
Bear Inn (Basinghall Street) was on Basinghall Street. It is not marked on the Agas map but is next to the Girdler’s Hall on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Bear Inn (Basinghall Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bearbinder Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beaumont’s Inn (Wood Street)
Was once[o]wned by William, Visount Beaumont and Lord Bardolf
and[l]ater belonged to Francis, Viscount Lovell, [but] by his attainder in 1485 [it] fell to [the] Crown
(Carlin and Belcher 65). -
Beaurepair
The Beaurepair was a messuage which had numerous owners. In 1298 it belonged to Hamo Box and in 1329 and 1336 it belonged to the Rokesley family (Harben 59). The latest known date of ownership, according to Harben, is Agnes Preston in 1402 to whom a portion of it belonged (Harben 59). It isdescribed as a place
(Harben 59). Specifically, from 1286 to 1281 the site was describedwhere the hay is sold
and in a ruinous conditionas vacant land with stone walls
(Carlin and Belcher 65-6). -
Bedford House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Beer Lane
Beer Lane ran north-south from Tower Street to Thames Street in Tower Street Ward. Stow notes that Beer Lane includedmany faire houses
(Stow).Beer Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Aldersgate Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Gracechurch Street)
For information about the Bell Inn, Gracechurch Street, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT)’s article on Bell Inn, Gracechurch Street.Bell Inn (Gracechurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Inn (St. John’s Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Savage Inn
For information about the Bell Savage Inn, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on Bell Savage Inn.Bell Savage Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Tavern (Warwick Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bell Yard (Temple Bar)
Bell Yard, Temple Bar ran north-south between Fleet Street in the south and what is now Carey Street in the north. It was to the north of Temple Church and Temple Bar, to the west of St. Dunstan in the West, and to the east of St. Clement Danes. According to Harben, the namederived from the tenement called
(Harben 65).le Belle
Bell Yard (Temple Bar) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Benbridges Inn
Benbridges Inn was a large house on the northwest corner of Lime Street. The Inn appears to be named after Ricardus de Pembrugge, a Knight and owner of a large piece of land in Lime Street Ward in 1376 (Harben; BHO). In 1454 the draper Ralph Holland bestowed the large messuage to the Master and Wardens of the Fraternity of Tailors and Linen Armourers of St John the Baptist (Harben; BHO). Soon thereafter they set upa fayre large frame of timber
for a large house and built three other tenement buildings adjoining it (Stow).Benbridges Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bennet’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Abbey
According to Stow, Bermondsey Abbey dates back to the eleventh century. It was surrendered to Henry VIII in 1539 and subsequently demolished to be replaced with houses (Stow 1598, sig. Z4v).Bermondsey Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Manor
According to Stow, Bermondsey Manor was within the bounds of Bermondsey Abbey, to which William Rufus gave his manor in 1094 (Stow 1598, sig. Z4r). In 1550, Edward VI sold the manor to the Corporation of London (Stow 1598, sig. Z5r; Howard and Godfrey 1–8).Bermondsey Manor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bermondsey Street
Branching off from the south side of Tooley Street, Bermondsey Street (sometimes referred to as Barnaby Street) ran north-south towards Bermondsey Abbey (Stow 1598, sig. Z3v-Z4r). Bermondsey Street is depicted just east of Battle Bridge on the Agas map, although it is mislabeledKent Str.
Bermondsey Street also appears on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings), where it is labelledBarnaby or Bermondsey Street.
Bermondsey Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Berry Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Berwardes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bethlehem Hospital
Although its name evokes the pandemonium of the archetypal madhouse, Bethlehem (Bethlem, Bedlam) Hospital was not always an asylum. As Stow tells us, Saint Mary of Bethlehem began as aPriorie of Cannons with brethren and sisters,
founded in 1247 by Simon Fitzmary,one of the Sheriffes of London
(Stow 1:164). We know from Stow’s Survey that the hospital, part of Bishopsgate ward (without), resided on the west side of Bishopsgate Street, just north of St. Botolph without Bishopsgate (Stow 1:165).Bethlehem Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bethnall Green is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bevis Marks is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bevis Marks (Street)
Bevis Marks was a street south of the City Wall that ran east-west from Shoemaker Row to the north end of St. Mary Axe Street. It was in Aldgate Ward. Bevis Marks was continued by Duke’s Place.Bevis Marks (Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate
Billingsgate (Bylynges gate or Belins Gate), a water-gate and harbour located on the north side of the Thames between London Bridge and the Tower of London, was London’s principal dock in Shakespeare’s day. Its age and the origin of its name are uncertain. It was probably built ca. 1000 in response to the rebuilding of London Bridge in the tenth or eleventh century.Billingsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate Market
Billingsgate Market was a market near the docks of Billingsgate that dates back at least to 1417 (Harben).Billingsgate Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate Street
As noted by Ekwall,[t]he name Thames Street was applied to the whole length of the street, but there were several alternative names for sections of it
(Ekwall 28)—one of which is Billingsgate Street, in Billingsgate Ward, also sometimes referred to asVicus de Billingsgate
(Ekwall 28).Billingsgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billingsgate Ward
Billingsgate Ward is west of Tower Street Ward. The ward is named after Billingsgate, a water-gate and harbour on the Thames.Billingsgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Billiter Lane
Billiter Lane ran north-west from Fenchurch to Leadenhall, entirely in Aldgate Ward. Nearby landmarks included Blanch Appleton facing the opening of Billiter Lane on the south side of Fenchurch and Ironmongers’ Hall to the west of Billiter Lane on the north side of Fenchurch. Nearby churches were St. Catherine Cree on Leadenhall and All Hallows Staining adjacent to the Clothworkers’ Hall) and St. Katharine Coleman on Fenchurch. On the Agas map, Billiter Lane is labelledBylleter la.
Billiter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Birchin Lane
Birchin Lane was a short street running north-south between Cornhill Street and Lombard Street. The north end of Birchin Lane lay in Cornhill Ward, and the south end in Langbourne Ward.Birchin Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop of Hereford’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop of St. David’s Inn
An inn on the north side of Bridewell.Bishop of St. David’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate Street
Bishopsgate Street ran north from Cornhill Street to the southern end of Shoreditch Street at the city boundary. South of Cornhill, the road became Gracechurch Street, and the two streets formed a major north-south artery in the eastern end of the walled city of London, from London Bridge to Shoreditch. Important sites included: Bethlehem Hospital, a mental hospital, and Bull Inn, a place where plays were performedbefore Shakespeare’s time
(Weinreb and Hibbert 67).Bishopsgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishopsgate Ward
Bishopsgate Ward shares its western boundary with the eastern boundaries of Shoreditch and Broad Street Ward and, thus, encompasses area both inside and outside the Wall. The ward and its main street, Bishopsgate Street, are named after Bishopsgate.Bishopsgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bishop’s Palace
Bishop’s Palace was located on the north-west side of St. Paul’s Church. It was bordered on the north by Paternoster Row and on the west by Ave Maria Lane. Agas coordinates are based on coordinates provided by Harben and supplemented by Stow.Bishop’s Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Bull Inn (Bishopsgate Street)
For information about the Black Bull Inn, Bishopsgate Street, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on Black Bull Inn, Bishopsgate Street.Black Bull Inn (Bishopsgate Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Bull Inn (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Eagle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Horse Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Horse Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Black Swan Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars (Farringdon Within)
The largest and wealthiest friary in England, Blackfriars was not only a religious institution but also a cultural, intellectual, and political centre of London. The friary housed London’s Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) after their move from the smaller Blackfriars precincts in Holborn. The Dominicans’ aquisition of the site, overseen by Robert Kilwardby, began in 1275. Once completed, the precinct was second in size only to St. Paul’s Churchyard, spanning eight acres from the Fleet to St. Andrew’s Hill and from Ludgate to the Thames. Blackfriars remained a political and social hub, hosting councils and even parlimentary proceedings, until its surrender in 1538 pursuant to Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries (Holder 27–56).Blackfriars (Farringdon Within) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars (Holborn)
Standing just west of Holborn Bridge, the site that would become the original Blackfriars precinct was acquired by the Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) circa 1223 through a donation from Hubert de Burgh. Over the next forty years, the friary expanded westward to Shoe Lane and southward along the Fleet to Smallbridge Lane. By the 1270s, the site occupied 4 acres and contained a church, a chapter house, and one or two wings of accommodation. The friars left the Holborn friary in the 1280s to establish a new friary, Blackfriars (Farringdon Within), on a more prestigious site. The Holborn site was sold in 1286 to Henry de Lacy (Holder 1–26).Blackfriars (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars (St. Bartholomew’s)
The third house of the Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) in London stood at the former Augustinian canons’ house at St. Bartholomew’s. With the return of Catholic worship under Mary I in 1553, two decades after the break with Rome, the city saw the restoration of monastic lands that had fallen into private hands after the Dissolution of the Monasteries. The Black friars refounded their London friary in 1556. However, their renewed presence was short lived; the death of Mary and her archbishop, Reginald Pole, in 1558 heralded the end of royal support for the friary. By the end of 1559, the friars had left St. Bartholomew’s and would never return to London (Holder 57-60).Blackfriars (St. Bartholomew’s) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Monastery is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Stairs
According to Carlin and Belcher, these stairs werepossibly constructed [in] 1294
(66). Henry A. Harben elaborates:In 1294 a quay was in course of construction at the house of the Friars Preachers, and in the description of the house and precinct as it stood at the death of Thomas Cawardine, Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] mention is made of the lane which led to the ’comon Staires of the Thames’ as one of the boundaries
(79). The aforementioned lane is Water Lane.Blackfriars Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackfriars Theatre
The history of the two Blackfriars theatres is long and fraught with legal and political struggles. The story begins in 1276, when King Edward I gave to the Dominican order five acres of land.Blackfriars Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackman Street
Blackman Street formed the southern portion of the main thoroughfare in Southwark, which is now commonly referred to as theHigh Street
orBorough High Street
(Malden). Stow notes that Blackman Street began at the southern end of Long Southwark near St. George Southwark and moved south towards the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). Blackman Street is south of the area depicted on the Agas map.Blackman Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blacksmiths’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blackwell Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bladder Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blanch Appleton
Blanch Appleton was a manor on Fenchurch Street next to St. Katherine Coleman in Aldgate Ward. It is marked on the Agas map asBlanch chapelton.
Stow records that it was a market during the reign of Edward IV, but the market by Stow’s time wasdiscontinued, and therefore forgotten, so as no-thing remaineth for memorie, but the name of Mart Lane
(Stow 1598, sig. I1r). The site was claimed by the Mayor and Commonality of the City in 1637, and its name continued in the eighteenth centuryBlanch Appleton Court
(Harben).Blanch Appleton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blossoms Inn
Located on St. Laurence Lane, Guildhall, Blossoms Inn was a travelers inn. Our Agas coordinates for the inn are based on Stow’s account and the position on the 1520 map (Stow 1598, sig. P4r).Blossoms Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blue Anchor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blue Boar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Blue Boar Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boar’s Head (Southwark)
The Boar’s Head was one of the twelve licensed brothels in Southwark. In his 1598 Survey of London, Stow mistakenly refers to this location as theBeares heade
(Stow 1598, sig. Y6v). This error is corrrected in the 1633 edition of the Survey, which lists the names of the brothels in Southwark as theBoares heade, the Crosse keyes, the Gunne, the Castle, the Crane, the Cardinals Hat, the Bel, the Swanne &c
(Stow 1633, sig. 2Q3r).Boar’s Head (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boar’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bordhaw Lane
Bordhaw Lane was a small street that ran south from Cheapside Street near the Great Conduit to just north of St. Pancras, Soper Lane.Bordhaw Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bosham’s Inn
Williams tells us that during Henry IV’s reign, the inn was known as Seynt Mary Inne (Williams 1465). John Boshman (or alternatively Boseman), acquired the Inn in 1382–1391 and it was known by 1405 as a great inn (Carlin and Belcher 67). In the fifteenth century it is also likely an Inn of Chancery (Carlin and Belcher 67).Bosham’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss (Billingsgate)
According to John Stow, the Boss of Billingsgate was a fountainof spring water continually running,
which was set into the wall of Boss Alley (Stow 1598, sig. M2v). This boss was the subject of an early modern poem, which personified both the Boss of Billingsgate and the London Stone. In this poem, the Boss is described as a fallen woman, who the London Stone marries (Bosse of Byllyngesgate sig. A5v). While the Boss of Billingsgate was located on the north side of Billingsgate Ward, its exact coordinates remain unknown and it is not labelled on the Agas map.Boss (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss (Cripplegate)
The Boss of Cripplegate was located on the south end of the Almshouses of St. Giles (Cripplegate), just before Redcross Street becomes Forestreet. Carlin and Belcher state that the location was aBoss of water made by executors of Richard Whittington
(Carlin and Belcher 67).Boss (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss Alley (Billingsgate)
Boss Alley (Billingsgate) is not labelled on the Agas map. According to Stow, Boss Alley was in Billingsgate Ward and ran north from Thames Street. Like Boss Alley (Queenhithe), it is named after a nearby water boss (Stow 1598, sig. M2v).Boss Alley (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Boss Alley (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Botolph Alley
Also referred to asCate Lane,
Botolph Alley ran East-to-West between Botolph Lane and Love Lane (Carlin and Belcher 68).Botolph Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Botolph Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Botolph’s Wharf
St. Botolph’s Wharf was located in Billingsgate Ward on the north bank of the Thames. Named after Botolph, the abbot of Iken, St. Botolph’s Wharf was a bustling site of commerce and trade.Botolph’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bow Bridge
Built over the River Lea at the behest of Queen Matilda in 1110, Bow Bridge was the first bridge in London to be constructed with stone arches. According to Stow, St. Mary-Le-Bow Churchyard was named after Bow Bridge because it too wasbuilded on Arches of stone
(Stow 1:253).Bow Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bow Lane
Bow Lane ran north-south between Cheapside Street and Old Fish Street in the ward of Cordwainer Street. At Watling Street, it became Cordwainer Street, and at Old Fish Street it became Garlick Hill. Garlick Hill-Bow Lane was built in the 890s to provide access from the port of Queenhithe to the great market of Cheapside Street (Sheppard 70–71).Bow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bowyer Row
Bowyer Row, according to Harben, ran east-west from Creed Lane to Ludgate (Harben). It was the unofficial yet descriptive name given to a section of Ludgate Street by early modern Londoners,so called of bowiers dwelling there in old time
(Stow 1598, sig. T1v).Bowyer Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bowyers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street
Bread Street ran north-south from the Standard (Cheapside) to Knightrider Street, crossing Watling Street. It lay wholly in the ward of Bread Street, to which it gave its name.Bread Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Hill
Bread Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames Street. The label for this street on the Agas Map readsBread ſtreat,
but we know from Stow that Bread Street Hill falls betweenHuggen lane
andS. Mary Mounthaunt
(St. Mary Mounthaunt is another name for Old Fish Street Hill) (Stow 2:1).Bread Street Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Market
Stow says that by 1302 the bakers in London were obligated to sell their bread at a central market, eventually giving its name to Breadstreet (Stow 1598, sig. T4r).Bread Street Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bread Street Ward
Bread Street Ward is east of Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. The ward takes its name from its main street, Bread Street,ſo called of bread in olde time there ſold
(Stow 1603).Bread Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bretaske Lane
According to Henry A. Harben,prior to 1343 this lane had been closed up by Thomas de Porkeslee, who owned the house in the lane, called ’la Bretaske,’ and the wharf adjoining it
(Harben 100). It was for this house, sometimes also referred to as la Bretasse, that the lane was named (Carlin and Belcher 67). However, in 1343, the lane was declared by the city of London and the men of Dowgate Ward to becommunis omnibus hominibus
(Harben 100). While the lane was transitioning to a common lane, the Dyers’ Company attempted to claim it, but were denied; thismention of the Dyers’ Company suggests that the lane may be identified with Dyers’ Hall Wharf at No. 95 Upper Thames Street Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] in which street the Dyers’ Hall had stood before the Fire of 1666
(Harben 100).Bretaske Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Brewers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Brewers’ Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bricklayers’ Hall
The Bricklayers’ Hall was east of Billiter Lane and stood on the south side of the street running west from the water pump near Aldgate. This street was named Leadenhall Street in the seventeenth century but was considered part of Aldgate Street when Stow was writing. Stow mentions the hall only in passing in his survey, so he neglects the hall’s appearance and history (Stow). The hall was incorporated in 1568 but by the eighteenth century the Bricklayers had abandoned it. Thereafter, it was used as a synagogue by Dutch Jews (Harben).Bricklayers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bride Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell
Bridewell was a prison and hospital. The site was originally a royal palace (Bridewell Palace) but was transferred to the City of London in 1553, when it was converted to function as an orphanage and house of correction. Bridewell is located on the Agas map at the corner of the Thames and Fleet Ditch, labelled asBride Well.
Bridewell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell Dock is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell Palace
Bridewell Palace was a royal palace acquired by the crown in 1510. In 1553, the site was granted to the City of London and converted into Bridewell, a hospital and prison.Bridewell Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridewell Precinct is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge (Old Jewry)
The Bridge in Convent Garden (Old Jewry) was built after 1518 when thehospital obtained permission to construct [a] gallery or bridge to connect [the] garden with [the] hospital precinct
(Carlin and Belcher 70).Bridge (Old Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge House
The Bridge House was located on the south bank of the Thames, near St. Olave, Southwark and is labelled on the Agas map (Noorthouck). Stow describes the Bridge House as a storehouse for the materials used to build and repair London Bridge (Stow 1598, sig. Z3v). Edward Walford notes that the Bridge House also stored provisions for the navy and the public (Walford). The Bridge House was used as a banqueting hall on special occasions, including when the Lord Mayor came to visit Southwark (Walford).Bridge House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bridge Without Ward
Bridge Without Ward or the Borough of Southwark is located outside of the Wall south of the Thames. The ward, like Bridge Within Ward, is named after London Bridge.Bridge Without Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bristol Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Lane
Broad Lane ran north-south from Thames Street to the Thames. According to Stow, the street was namedBroad Street
because it wasbroder for the passage of carts, from the Uintry wharfe, then bee the other lanes
(Stow 1598, sig. N8r).Broad Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Street
Broad Street ran north-south from All Hallows, London Wall to Threadneedle Street andto a Pumpe ouer against Saint Bennets church
(Stow). Broad Street, labelledBrode Streat
on the Agas map, was entirely in Broad Street Ward. The street’s name was a reference to its width and importance (Harben).Broad Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broad Street Ward
Broad Street Ward is west of Bishopsgate Ward. It is named after its principle street, Broad Street.Broad Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broken Seld
The functions of Broken Seld are diverse and manifold: Henry A. Harben notes that it isDescribed variously as a place, a tavern and a tenement on the south side of Westchepe opposite le Standard in the Ward of Bread Street in the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Milk Street)
(Harben 109). Harben also notes that its earliest mention of the location is in 1312 andin 1412 it had been raised to the dignity of a sheriff’s Comter
(Harben 109).Broken Seld is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broken Wharf
A wharf opposite of St. Mary Somerset Church.Broken Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Broken Wharf Mansion
Established in 1259 and owned by Hugh Bigod, Broken Wharf Mansion was once a wharf site (Carlin and Belcher 67). In 1296 the site was owned by Roger Bigod and houses and a garden were added (Carlin and Belcher 67). From 1316 onward, the site washeld by [the] earl of Norfolk and his descendants
(Carlin and Belcher 67-8). Lastly, in1405 an inn and 8 shops [were] on site
(Carlin and Belcher 68).Broken Wharf Mansion is mentioned in the following documents:
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Brook’s Wharf
Harben explains that[a]fter the dissolution of the monasteries [the wharf] was granted to Thomas Broke [and was] described as a great messuage in the parish of St. Michael Queenhithe
(Harben 111). However, prior to his ownership the wharf passed through many other hands and was known by aliases such asBockyng Wharffe
andDockynes Wharfe
; it was also referred to asBroke Wharffee
andBrookers Wharf
(Harben 111). Harben tells us that[t]here can be little doubt that these names commemorate the various owners, who held the wharf or wharves form time to time, as it was the common practice for these wharves to be designated by the names of their respective owners
(Harben 111).Brook’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Browne’s Place and Key
Browne’s Place was rebuilt from 1384-1394, and in 1434 Stephen Browne, grocer and mayor, bought the site and by 1463 it was known as a great messuage (Carlin and Belcher 68). From 1361-1517, the adjacent wharf went by many names: Ass(h)elynes Wharf, Pakkemannys or Pakenames Wharf, Browne’s Key, Dawbeneys Wharf, Cuttes Wharf, and Bledlowes Key (Carlin and Belcher 68). Referred to as Brown’s Wharf in Harben, which records that the wharf was removed in 1827 (Harben).Browne’s Place and Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Brown’s Alley
Located east of Minories Street and later renamed Peacock Place or Court (Harben 466), Brown’s Alley is not featured on the Agas map.Brown’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bucklersbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Budge Row
Budge Row ran east-west through Cordwainer Street Ward. It passed through the ward from Soper Lane in the west to Walbrook Street in the east. Beyond Soper Lane, Budge Row became Watling Street. Before it came to be known as Budge Row, it once formed part of Watling Street, one of the Roman roads (Weinreb and Hibbert 107).Budge Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bull and Mouth Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bull Baiting
Bull Baiting is depicted on the Agas map next to Bear Garden, with the labelBolle bayting,
although the existence of an arena separate from the Bear Garden is disputed. See the relevant section in Bear Garden article.Bull Baiting is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bull Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bull Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bull Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bulwark Gate
Bulwark Gate was one of the outer defences of the Tower of London, located near Tower Hill (Harben Tower of London, Bulwark Gate). While Stow describes a number ofbulwarks
around the Tower, it is likely that his description ofthe Bulwarke,
a piece of Tower Hill west from Lion Tower that was fortified by Edward IV, is referring to Bulwark Gate (Stow 1633, sig. E3v).Bulwark Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bunhill Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Burges Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Burley House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bury Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Bush Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Butcher Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Butchers’ Alley
Butchers’ Alley ran parallel to Pentecost Lane to the Butchers’ Hall on the east side of Christ Church. It is not labelled on the Agas map.Butchers’ Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Butchers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Camera Dianæ
Directly translating toThe Chamber of Diana,
Camera Dianæ
orCamera Diana
was located in Castle Baynard Ward near the Doctors’ Commons by Paul’s Wharf Hill.Camera Dianæ is mentioned in the following documents:
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Camomile Street (Lime Street Ward)
Camomile Street lay south of the city wall from Bevis Marks to Bishopsgate Street. Camomile Street is the seventeenth century name for a street that was nameless when Stow wrote his Survey of London. Stow merely calls itthe streete which runneth by the north ende of saint Marie streete
(Stow).Camomile Street (Lime Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Campion Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Candlewick Street
Candlewick, Candlewright, or, later, Cannon Street, ran east-west from Walbrook Street in the west to the beginning of Eastcheap at its eastern terminus. Candlewick Street became Eastcheap somewhere around St. Clements Lane, and led into a great meat market (Stow 1:217). Together with streets such as Budge Row, Watling Street, and Tower Street, which all joined into each other, Candlewick Street formed the main east-west road through London between Ludgate and Posterngate.Candlewick Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Candlewick Street Ward
Candlewick Street Ward is west of Bridge Within Ward. Its main street is Candlewick Street (Stow 1633, sig. X3v).Candlewick Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cannon Row
Cannon Row, a humble street running alongside the Thames, was the home of prominent individuals in the early modern period. It was a commonly-used street, and appeared in texts from the period often as the home of some of those illustrious persons. The street began as the home of the Cannons for Saint Stephen’s church.Cannon Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Capel’s House
Capel’s House, or Capel Court, was so named after Sir William Capel, mayor of London in 1503. The location was referred to asShip Court
orShip Yard
in the seventeenth and eigheteenth centuries andBlack Swan Yard
orBlack Swan Yard, formerly Ship Yard
around 1775 (Harben 122). Henry Harben notes that[t]his house stood on the site of the Stock Exchange at the end of Capel Court
(Harben 122). The location of Capel’s House was directly west of the Abbot of St. Alban’s Inn and east of where Saint Bartholomew Lane meets Bread Street.Capel’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cardinal’s Hat (Southwark)
The Cardinal’s Hat was located south of the Thames and west of the London Bridge in the ward of Southwark. It was part of a row of twelve licensed brothels or stewhouses along Bankside that were permitted by King Henry VII to operate after temporary closure in 1506 (Stow 1598, sig. Y6v).Cardinal’s Hat (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cardinal’s Hat Tavern
Cardinal’s Hat Tavern was a tavern that likely sat at the meeting of Cornhill and Lombard Street. Stow mentions the Cardinal’s Hat Tavern only in passing, using the site as a reference for a path between the two streets.Cardinal’s Hat Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carey Lane
Carey Lane ran east-west, connecting Gutter Lane in the east and Foster Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the north and Cheapside Street in the south. The Agas Map labels itKerie la.
Carey Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carmelite Friary
Also known as White Friars, the House of the Carmelite was founded by Sir Richard Gray in 1241 (Harben 624). After Henry VIII granted the land to private individuals, such as when it was granted to William Butts in 1540,the church and house fell into disrepair and were pulled down, or rebuilt, so that within a comparatively short period of time the monastic buildings had completely disappeared and the site was covered by small courts and alleys
(Harben 625). In 1580,[t]he inhabitants of the precinct claimed Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] to be exempt from the jurisdiction of the City and to enjoy their liberties as the friars had done before them
(Harben 625). They were granted privileges in 1608 by James I, but said privileges were abolished in 1697 by [an] Act of Parliament (Harben 625). -
Carpenters’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carpenters’ Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carriers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carter Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carter Lane
Carter Lane ran east-west between Creed Lane in the west, past Paul’s Chain, to Old Change in the East. It ran parallel to St. Paul’s Churchyard in the north and Knightrider Street in the south. It lay within Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Ward Within. It is labelled asCarter lane
on the Agas map.Carter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Carter Lane (Dowgate)
The nameCarter Lane
was in use by 1541 (Carlin and Belcher 68). Previously known asCartereslane,
the street ran east-to-west between Dowgate Street and Bush Lane.Carter Lane (Dowgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Alley (Cornhill)
Castle Alley, Cornhill was a small passage that ran north-south along the western side of the Royal Exchange, connecting Threadneedle street and Cornhill. It crossed the boundary lines of Cornhill Ward and Broad Street Ward, and was named for the sign of the Castle (Stow).Castle Alley (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Alley (Queenhithe)
The Agas map labels this small streetCastell hill.
In The A to Z of Elizabethan London, Prockter and Taylor label this streetCastle Alley
(Prockter and Taylor 21). There does not seem to be any information in Survey of London about this hill or alley. Stow does talk about a Castle Lane further west, between the Blackfriars and the Thames, near the Fleet River.Castle Alley (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Baynard Ward
Castle Baynard Ward is west of Queenhithe Ward and Bread Street Ward. The ward is named after Baynard’s Castle, one of its main ornaments.Castle Baynard Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Inn (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Inn (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Lane
Castle Lane, also known as Queen’s Colledge Yard, ran south out of the Duke’s Wardrobe and was located in Castle Baynard Ward (Harben, Queen’s Colledge Yard). According to Stow, the lane was next to Puddle Wharf and situated between Blackfriars and the Thames (Stow 1633, sig. 2M5r). Castle Lane also housed King’s College Mansion (Stow 1633, sig. 2M5r; Harben, Queen’s Colledge Yard). Agas coordinates are based on the location information provided by both Harben and Stow.Castle Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Castle Tavern
Located south of the Aldgate Bars according to Stow’s 1633 Survey (Stow 1633, sig. M2v), the Castle Tavern is not featured on the Agas map.Castle Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cateaton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Catherine Wheel Alley
Catherine Wheel Alley ran west from Bishopsgate Street without the Wall. The alley derived its name from the nearby Catherine Wheel Inn (Harben 131).Catherine Wheel Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Catherine Wheel Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chancery Lane
Chancery Lane was built sometime around 1160 by the Knights Templar on land they owned. It ran north-south between Fleet Street at the south end to Holborn in the North, and was originally called New Street. The current name dates from the time of Ralph Neville, who was Bishop of Chichester and Lord Chancellor of England (Bebbington 78). The area around the street came into his possession whenin 1227 Henry III gave him land for a palace in this lane: hence Bishop’s Court and Chichester Rents, small turnings out of Chancery Lane
(Bebbington 78).Chancery Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel at the North Door of St. Paul’s
The Chapel at the North Door of St. Paul’s was founded by Walter Sherington according to a license issued by Henry VI (Stow 1598, sig. S5r). It was pulled down during the reign of Edward VI and replaced witha faire house
(Stow 1598, sig. S5r). Persons of note buried in this chapel include John Neville (Stow 1598, sig. T1r).Chapel at the North Door of St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of Corpus Christi
The 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London describes the location and history of the Chapel of Corpus Christi, also known as theChapel of St. Mary
as such:West from [the Counter (Poultry)], was a proper Chappell, called of Corpus Christi, and Saint Mary at Cony hope lane end, in the Parish of Saint Mildred (Poultry), founded by one named Ionnirunnes, a Citizen of London, in the raigne of Edward the third. (Stow 1633, sig. 2A6r)
Chapel of Corpus Christi is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of Jesus
The Chapel of Jesus was located under the choir in St. Paul’s Cathedral. It was founded in the thirty-seventh year of Henry VI’s reign for afraternitie, and guild, to the honour of the most glorious name of Iesu Christ our Sauiour
(Stow 1598, sig. S5v). The entrance of the chapel was decorated with an image of Jesus and of Margaret Beauchamp who was buried within (Stow 1633, sig. 2I5r). Other people of note buried in the chapel include William Lamb (Stow 1633, sig. 2I5r).Chapel of Jesus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of Our Lady of the Pew is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of St. John (Southwark)
The Chapel of St. John (Southwark) was located on the north side of St. Mary Magdalen (Southwark). According to John Stow, John Gower founded a chantry in the chapel and was later buried there (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q3v).Chapel of St. John (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of St. Mary Coneyhope is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chapel of St. Thomas on the Bridge
Located on London Bridge, the Chapel of St. Thomas on the Bridge was a chapel dedicated to St. Thomas Becket that was founded by Peter of Colechurch sometime before 1205 (Page).Chapel of St. Thomas on the Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charing Cross
Charing Cross was one of twelve memorial crosses erected by King Edward I in memory of his wife, Eleanor of Castile. The cross wasbuilded of stone
andwas of old time a fayre péece of work
(Stow 1598, sig. 2B3r). It stood for three and a half centuries, but by thebeginning of the 17th century [the cross] had fallen into a very ruinous condition
(Sugden). It, as well as the other crosses, was condemned in 1643 and demolished in 1647.Charing Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charlton House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund the Bishop and Mary Magdalen
The Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund and Mary Magdalen was a mortuary chapel in Bishopsgate Ward on the east side of Bishopsgate Street. Prockter and Taylor suggest that the Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund and Mary Magdalen is the long, solitary building within the walled compound northwest of the Artillery Yard on the Agas map (Prockter and Taylor). References to this chapel are sparse in historical records, but we know from Stow that itwas founded about the yeare 1391. by William Euesham Citizen and Peperer of London, who was there buried
(Stow).Charnel House and Chapel of St. Edmund the Bishop and Mary Magdalen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charterhouse (Residence)
The London Charterhouse refers to a series of buildings located at the north-east end of Charterhouse Lane to the west of Aldersgate Street near Smithfield. Throughout the early modern period, the Charterhouse served many functions: prior to the Reformation, it was a Carthusian monastery; however, after the execution of Prior Houghton and other Carthusian martyrs in the mid-sixteenth century, the monastery was dissolved and the Charterhouse became a well known private residence and, later, the site of a hospital, school, and pensioners’ home. Today, the Charterhouse is used as a home for elderly pensioners, hosting about forty men.Charterhouse (Residence) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charterhouse (Site)
Charterhouse was a hospital, school, and pensioners’ home opened in 1611 on the land of Charterhouse (Residence). The site was to the west of Aldersgate Street near Smithfield.Charterhouse (Site) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Charterhouse Lane
Charterhouse Lane was a narrow road that ran north-south between the London Charterhouse and St. John’s Street. The street earned its name due to its proximity to the London Charterhouse, which housed Carthusian monks. Following the dissolution of London monasteries between 1536 and 1541, Charterhouse Lane became a well known and documented site of poverty, crime, and drinking. After a series of demolitions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries, Charterhouse Lane was restructured as part of the modern-day Charterhouse Street.Charterhouse Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chartesey House
A house once belonging to the Abbots of Chartsey. Near Boss Alley (Queenhithe).Chartesey House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheap Ward
Cheap Ward is west of Bassinghall Ward and Coleman Street Ward. Both the ward and its main street, Cheapside, are named after West Cheap (the market).Cheap Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross)
Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross), pictured but not labelled on the Agas map, stood on Cheapside Street between Friday Street and Wood Street. St. Peter, Westcheap lay to its west, on the north side of Cheapside Street. The prestigious shops of Goldsmiths’ Row were located to the east of the Cross, on the south side of Cheapside Street. The Standard in Cheapside (also known as the Cheap Standard), a square pillar/conduit that was also a ceremonial site, lay further to the east (Brissenden xi).Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Market
In the middle ages, Westcheap was the main market west of Walbrook, so called to distinguish it from Eastcheap, the market in the east. By Stow’s time, the term Westcheap had fallen out of use in place of Cheapside Market. Stow himself, however, continued to use the term to distinguish the western end of Cheapside Street.Cheapside Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cheapside Street
Cheapside Street, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside Street separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside Street was the centre of London’s wealth, with many mercers’ and goldsmiths’ shops located there. It was also the most sacred stretch of the processional route, being traced both by the linear east-west route of a royal entry and by the circular route of the annual mayoral procession.Cheapside Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chequer Inn (Charing Cross) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chequer Inn (Dowgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chequer Inn (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chertsey House
This messuage is not identified on the Agas Map but Prockter and Taylor label a house in this vicinityGhertsey House
(Prockter and Taylor 21). Stow talks about an inn used by the abbots of Chertsey Abbey in Surrey,wherein they were lodged when they repayred to the Citie
(Stow 2:11).Chertsey House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chick Lane (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chick Lane (Tower Street Ward)
Chick Lane ran north-south from Tower Hill into Tower Street. Stow confirms that it ranon the east of Barking church
(Stow). It is likely that Chick Lane also featured thediuers houses lately builded, and other incrochmentes
found directly above the lane on the west side of Tower Hill (Stow).Chick Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Chiswell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christ Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christopher Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Christ’s Hospital
Located in Farringdon Within Ward, Christ’s Hospital was a opened in 1552 as a home for London’s needy children. Inspired by the preaching of Dr. Nicholas Ridley, Edward VI decided to charter the hospital days before his death in 1553 (Manzione 33). Although it began as a hospital, Christ’s Hospital eventually became known for its respected school (Pearce 206).Christ’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (All Hallows)
This lane near All Hallows the Great is marked on the Agas map asChurch Lane
and called Church Lane by Stow. Carlin and Belcher indicate that this lane was known as both Church Lane and All Hallows Lane (Carlin and Belcher 64).Church Lane (All Hallows) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (Tower Street Ward)
Church Lane was a semi-circular lane that wrapped around the south side of the parish church of St. Dunstan in the East, in Tower Street Ward. Both ends of Church Lane led south off Tower Street.Church Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church Lane (Vintry Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Church of St. Trinity is mentioned in the following documents:
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City Ditch
The city ditch was part of London’s medieval defence system that ran along the outside of the wall from the Tower to Fleet River. According to Stow, the ditch was referred to as Houndsditch becausemuch filth (conveyed forth of the Citie) especially dead dogs, were there laid or cast
(Stow 1633, sig. M1v). The ditch was filled in and covered with garden plots by the time of Stow’s 1598 Survey.City Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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City Dog House
The City Dog House, located in northern London, was adjacent to Moorfields and was located outside of The Wall and the city wards. On the Agas map, it is labelled asDogge hous.
Built in 1512, the Lord Mayor’s dog house, as it was most frequently called, housed the Lord Mayor’s hunting dogs.City Dog House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clares Key
Clare’s Key
appears to be the primary name of this space from 1525 onward. Henry Harben records that the key was located[i]n Petty Wales, in the Parish of All Hallows (Barking)
(Harben 151)Clares Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clements Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clement’s Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerkenwell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerkenwell Close is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerkenwell Green is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerkenwell Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clerk’s Hall
According to Stow, Clerk’s Hall was on the Northwest corner of Broad Lane in Vintry Ward. Stow mentions that the hall was previously located on Bishopsgate Street (Stow 1598, sig. N8r). The Bishopsgate Street location is the one listed in Carlin and Belcher, so the move presumably occured between 1520 and 1598 (Carlin and Belcher 82).Clerk’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clifford’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clink Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cloak Lane
Previously known as Horshew Bridge Street.Cloak Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cloth Fair
Cloth Fair, as implied by its name, bears an innate connection to London’s mercantile culture. Henry A. Harben notes that it[d]erives its name from the clothiers and drapers who inhabited it in former times, and attended the famous Bartholomew Fair
(Harben 154). The location itself was on the Fair Ground between Long Lane and St. Bartholomew the Great.Cloth Fair is mentioned in the following documents:
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Clothworkers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cobham’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cock Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cock Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cock Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cockpit Alley (Pitt Court)
Cockpit Alley, later called Pitt Court, was one of a series of narrow alleys that ran southwest to northeast between Drury Lane in the west and Great Wild Street (now just Wild Street) in the east. It took its name from the Cockpit Theatre which was located in the alley or very nearby. It is not labelled in the Agas Map, but appears clearly on the Rocque map of 1746.Cockpit Alley (Pitt Court) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cock’s Rents (Bishopsgate)
Very little is known about Cock’s Rents other than its general location. It is not located on any of the maps in the early modern era, but Henry Harben notes that Cock’s Rents were[i]n St. Catherine’s precinct
(Harben 159).Cock’s Rents (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cokedon Hall
Little is known about Cokedon Hall, but Carlin and Belcher note that it was in existence around 1316 (Carlin and Belcher 69). Stow records the location of the site in noting that the hall wassometime at the South west end of Marte lane I reade of
(Stow 1:132).Cokedon Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Colchester Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coldharbour is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coldharbour
Coldharbour was a mansion dating back to at least the reign of Edward II (Harben). It is not marked on the Agas map, but its location can be discerned from the position of All Hallows the Less. After 1543, the eastern portion of the house was leased to the Watermen’s Company (Harben). It ceased to function as a private residence in 1593 and became a tenement house (Harben). Nevertheless, it remained a distinctive site and is mentioned in dramatic works well into the seventeenth century (Sugden). It was destroyed in the Fire, after which a brewery was built on the site (Harben).Coldharbour is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coldharbour Lane
Coldharbour Lane, or Colderherburghlane, ran south from Thames Street to Coldharbour on the east side of All Hallows the Less (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Coldharbour Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Colechurch Street
Colechurch Street was located in the Parish of St. Olave (Old Jewry) and ran north-south from Lothbury to Poultry (Harben). Harben mentions the possibility ofColechurchstrete
orColechurch Lane
being the former name of a joined together Coleman Street and Old Jewry in the thirteenth century (Harben). However, Stow identifies Colechurch Street with Old Jewry only, saying,Cole-church street, or Old Iewrie
and Carlin and Belcher’s 1270 map has aColechurchstrete
in place of Old Jewry withColemanstrete
labelled separately above it (Carlin and Belcher; Stow 1633, sig. 2B6r). Our Agas coordinates are based on the resulting assumption that Colechurch Street only covered the area of modern Old Jewry.Colechurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coleman Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coleman Street Ward
Coleman Street Ward is west of Broad Street Ward. It is named after its main street, Coleman Street (Stow 1633, sig. 2B6r).Coleman Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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College Hill
College Hill was located on the boundary between Vintry Ward and Dowgate Ward. It is visible on the Agas map and marked asWhythyngton College.
College Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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College of Arms is mentioned in the following documents:
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College of Physicians is mentioned in the following documents:
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Columbe Brewhouse
Columbe Brewhouse was located northwest of the Ironmongers’ Hall off of Fenchurch Street. Though little is known about the Columbe Brewhouse itself, the name dates back to at least 1425 (Carlin and Belcher 70). Taking after Eilert Ekwall, Carlin and Belcher propose that the namesake of Culver Alley is abrewhouse called Columbe
(Carlin and Belcher 71, Ekwall 173).Columbe Brewhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Compter Alley
Initially named for its proximity to the Poultry Compter, Compter Alley is now Chapel Place (Poultry) (Ekwall 172). Directly south of the Grocers’ Hall, the alley ran from the Poultry Compter to Poultry.Compter Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (Cornhill)
Not labelled on the Agas map, the Conduit upon Cornhill is thought to have been located in the middle of Cornhill Ward andopposite the north end of Change Alley and the eastern side of the Royal Exchange
(Harben 167; BHO). Formerly a prison, it was built to bring fresh water from Tyburn to Cornhill.Conduit (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (London Wall)
The Conduit at London Wall was, according to Henry Harben,In London Wall by Moorgate opposite the northen end of Coleman Street, erected 1517
(Harben 168).Conduit (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit (Newgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit in Colemanstreet
According to Harben, the conduit in Colemanstreet was located in Coleman Street by the west end of St. Margaret, Lothbury in Coleman Street Ward. The conduit was built by the city of London in 1546 (Harben; Stow 1598, sig. B8v). It was not rebuilt after the Fire (Harben).Conduit in Colemanstreet is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit in Lothbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conduit upon Dowgate
Conduit upon Dowgate was a water conduit in Dowgate Ward. It flowed from the upper end of Dowgate Street to the Thames (Stow 1633, sig. Y4r). Dowgate marks the end of the water conduit where it flows into the Thames. According to Stow, the conduit was built in 1568 at the expense of the citizens of London (Stow 1633, sig. Y4r).Conduit upon Dowgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Convent of the Holy Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Conyhope Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cooks’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cook’s Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Coopers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainer Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainer Street Ward
Cordwainer Street Ward is east of Bread Street Ward. The ward takes its name from its main street, Cordwainer Street, so named of Cordwainers, Curriers, and other leather workers who, according to Stow, at one time dwelled there (Stow 1603).Cordwainer Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cordwainers’ Hall
Alternate names for this location includeCordwayners Hall
andShoomakers Hall.
Cordwainers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Corn Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornet Stoure
Also known as theKings house
orCornet stoure at Buckles bury,
Edward III’s Cornet Stoure is described in the 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London as beingone ancient and strong Tower of stone the which Tower King Edward the third, in the eighteenth of his reign, by the name of the Kings house, called Cornet stoure in London
(Stow 1633, sig. 2A6r). In terms of the function of the site, Stow notes that Edward III appointed the location to be his exchange andgave the same Tower to his College
around 1358 (Stow 1633, sig. 2A6r).Cornet Stoure is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornhill
Cornhill was a significant thoroughfare and was part of the cityʼs main major east-west thoroughfare that divided the northern half of London from the southern half. The part of this thoroughfare named Cornhill extended from St. Andrew Undershaft to the three-way intersection of Threadneedle, Poultry, and Cornhill where the Royal Exchange was built. The nameCornhill
preserves a memory both of the cornmarket that took place in this street, and of the topography of the site upon which the Roman city of Londinium was built.Note: Cornhill and Cornhill Ward are nearly synonymous in terms of location and nomenclature - thus, it can be a challenge to tell one from the other. Topographical decisions have been made to the best of our knowledge and ability.Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cornhill Ward
Cornhill Ward is west of Bishopsgate Ward and south of Broad Street Ward. According to Stow, the ward and its principle street, Cornhill, are named after acorne Market
once held there.Note: Cornhill and Cornhill Ward are nearly synonymous in terms of location and nomenclature—thus, it can be a challenge to tell one from the other. Topographical decisions have been made to the best of our knowledge and ability.Cornhill Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cousin Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Covent Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Bridge (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Cross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Face
Cow Face, commonly referred to asThe Cow Face,
was located in Cheap Ward to the west of St. Laurence Lane. Carlin and Belcher summarize the history of the location in noting that[t]anners sold hides in this seld until 1400, after which they moved elsewhere, but leather goods such as gloves continued to be sold in it
(Carlin and Belcher 71).Cow Face is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cow Lane
Cow Lane, located in the Ward of Farringdon Without, began at Holborn Street, and then curved north and east to West Smithfield. Smithfield was a meat market, so the street likely got its name because cows were led through it to market (Bebbington 100). Just as Ironmonger Lane and Milk Street in Cheapside Market were named for the goods located there, these streets leading into Smithfield meat market were named for the animals that could be bought there.Cow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cradle Court (Addle Hill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cradle Court (Aldersgate Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crane (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Creechurch Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Creed Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate
Cripplegate was one of the original gates in the city wall (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 221; Harben). It was the northern gate of a large fortress that occupied the northwestern corner of the Roman city.Cripplegate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate Conduit
According to Stow, the Conduit in Cripplegate was built under Sir William Eastfield, amercer [who in] 1438 appoynted his executors of his goods to conuey sweete water from Teyborne, and to build a faire Conduit by Aldermanberie church, which they performed, as also made a Standard in Fleetstreete by Shewland end: they also conveyed water to Cripples gate &c
(Stow i. 109).Cripplegate Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cripplegate Ward
Cripplegate Ward is east of Aldersgate Ward and Farringdon Within Ward, encompassing area both inside and outside the Wall. The ward is named after Cripplegate.Cripplegate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crockers Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crokehorne Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crooked Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crosby Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cross Bones Graveyard
A graveyard for London prostitutes also called asingle womans Churchyard
by John Stow (Stow 1598, sig. Y6v). The Cross Bones served as a burial place for women deprived of a Christian burial because of their association with the brothels of Southwark. Cross Bones Graveyard was located just south of the area depicted on the Agas map. It is labelledSt Saviours Burying Ground
on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings).Cross Bones Graveyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cross Keys (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cross Keys Inn (Gracechurch Street)
For information about the Cross Keys Inn, Gracechurch Street, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) page on Cross Keys Inn, Gracechurch Street.Cross Keys Inn (Gracechurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cross Keys Inn (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cross Keys Inn (St. John’s Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crossed Friars
One of the smallest London friaries, Crossed Friars (also known as Crouched Friars or Crutched Friars) housed the Bretheren of the Holy Cross. Despite John Stow’s assertion that the friary was founded in 1298 (Stow 1:147), it is first mentioned by Henry III in 1269, which suggests that Raph Hosiar and William Sabernes gave their founding bequest some time in that decade. Over the next three (or possibly four) centuries, the friars added a dozen more tenaments to the precinct. By the early fourteenth century, the friary occupied over two acres of land south of Hart Street (later dubbed Crutched Friars) that ran along the west side of Woodroffe Lane to Tower Hill. Compared to friaries such as Blackfriars and Greyfriars, Crossed Friars was humble, and the friars’ plan to expand their church was interrupted in 1538 by the Dissolution of the Monasteries (Holder 142–159).Crossed Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Court (Warwick Lane)
Stow mentions asigne of the Crowne
and later aBrewhouſe called the Crowne
located on the east side of Warwicke Lane near Newgate Market on the northern boundary of Castle Baynard Ward (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v, 2M6v). Harben mentions aCrown Court
out of Warwicke Lane in Castle Baynard Ward while Strype mentions aCrown Inn
with a passage to Newgate Market (Harben; Strype 230). We have listed these locations as the same in lieu of further information. Agas Map coordinates are based on geographical information given by Stow and supplemented by Harben and Strype.Crown Court (Warwick Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Inn (Aldgate High Street)
Located east of St. Botolph, Aldgate, the Crown Inn was given to Christ Church in 1543 by William Cowch (Stow 1633, sig. L6r; Harben 188).Crown Inn (Aldgate High Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Inn (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Key
Located on the north side of the Thames near Watergate, Crown Key was located between Horner’s Key and Kneseworth Key.Crown Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crown Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Croydon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Crutched Friars
Crutched Friars was a street that ran east-west from Poor Jewry Lane to the east end of Hart Street above Seething Lane. When Stow wrote, most of Crutched Friars was known as Hart Street, so Stow only uses the name Crutched Friars to refer to Crutched Friars Priory (Harben). Since Stow does not name the street that ran from Aldgate to Woodroffe Lane, it could have been known as Hart Street, Crutched Friars, or something different.Crutched Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cuckold’s Haven
Cuckold’s Haven or Cuckold’s Point and the horn-topped pole that stood on the banks of the Thames were notorious in early modern London. The location was known for adultery both committed and threatened, and was referred to widely in the period’s literature. The Horne Faire of Charlton celebrated the association of the site with an act of cuckoldry involving King John. Cuckoldry had its own vocabulary at the time, reflecting both the anxieties of the social structure and the difference in moral perceptions from our present time. The landmark is no longer present but renewed interest in the site and a revival of the Horne Faire in Horn Fair Park has begun in recent years.Cuckold’s Haven is mentioned in the following documents:
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Culver Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Curriers Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Curriers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cursitors Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Curtain Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Custom House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Custom Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Cutlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dark Lane
Dark lane was a small street that was located just north of Queenhithe and was connected to Timberhithe Street.Dark Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dead Man’s Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dean Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Deep Ditch
Running north-to-south, Deep Ditch was the boundary between the Moorfields and Bethlehem Hospital. Henry Harben describes the history of the site as follows:In Agas’ map a stream is shown here flowing into the City Ditch, which may be the remains of the Walbrook, the bed of which has been found under Blomfield Street, and might be referred to by Stow at that time as a ditch Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. ()[…] It had been filled up in this part of its course, and had disappeared by 1658 Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. ()[…] (Harben 195)
Deep Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Deputy’s Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Desborne Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Devil’s Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Devonshire Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dicers Lane (Newgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Distaff Lane
Distaff Lane was in Bread Street Ward. It is not to be confused with Great Distaff Street, the street which crossed the northernmost end of Distaff Lane. There is some discrepancy in the exact length of Distaff Lane between the Agas Map and the information in Survey of London. On the Agas Map, Distaff Lane (labelledDiſtaf la.
) appears to run south off Great Distaff Street, labelledMaidenhed lane,
terminating before it reaches Knightrider Street. Stow tells us, in his delineation of the bounds of Bread Street Ward, that Distaff Lanerunneth downe to Knightriders street, or olde Fishstreete
(Stow 1:345). Our map truncates Distaff Lane before Knightrider Street.Distaff Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Do Little Lane
Do Little Lane was a small lane that ran north-south between Carter Lane in the north and Knightrider Street in the south. It ran parallel between Sermon Lane in the west and Old Change Street in the east. It lay within Castle Baynard Ward. It is labelled asDo lytle la.
on the Agas map.Do Little Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Doctors’ Commons (Knightrider Street)
Formerly Mountjoy’s Inn, the Doctors’ Commons, Knightrider Street was the meeting place for the Doctors’ Commons,where they kept a common table and built up a precious library of foreign law books
(Baker 180). Eventually, the Doctors’ Commons, Knightrider Street housed five courts: the Court of Arches, the Prerogative Court, the Court of Faculties and Dispensations, the Consistory Court of the Bishop of London, and the High Court of Admiralty (Harben). Henry Harben notes that the building burned down in the Great Fire of 1666 and was subsequently rebuilt on the same site (Harben). The building was sold in 1865 after the Doctors’ Commons was dissolved (Baker 181).Doctors’ Commons (Knightrider Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Doctors’ Commons (Paternoster Row)
Described by Walter Thornbury as asmall inconvenient house in Paternoster Row,
the Doctors’ Commons, Paternoster Row was the medieval meeting place for the Doctors’ Commons. After the Doctors’ Commons relocated to the Doctors’ Commons, Knightrider Street, their building in Paternoster Row became the location of the Queen’s Head Tavern (Thornbury).Doctors’ Commons (Paternoster Row) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dodding Pond
Dodding Pond may have been a lane somewhere east of the Tower of London and near the Abbey of St. Mary Graces (Harben).Dodding Pond is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dolphin Inn (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dorset Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate
Dowgate was a watergate opening to the Thames in Dowgate Ward, near Walbrook (Harben). According to Carlin and Belcher, Dowgate was a place where ships unloaded (Carlin and Belcher 72). According to Harben, Dowgate was calledDuuegate,
Douuegate,
orDouegate,
in the twelfth and thirteenth centuries but because Stow mistook the secondu
for ann,
the gate also became known as Downgate (Harben). According to Harben, the site is now occupied by Dowgate Dock (Harben).Dowgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate Street
Dowgate Street is a high street that runs north-south from Candlewick Street to the Thames. According to Stow, the street marks the beginning of Dowgate Ward at the south end of Walbrook Ward (Stow 1633, sig. Y4r). According to Harben, the street is named afterDowgate
(Harben, Dowgate Hill). According to Stow, the street got its name from the act ofdowne going or descending,
because the street descends to the Thames (Stow 1633, sig. Y4r).Dowgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dowgate Ward
Dowgate Ward is east of Vintry Ward and west of Candlewick Street Ward. Both the ward and its main street, Dowgate Street, are named after Dowgate, a watergate on the Thames.Dowgate Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drapers’ Hall
Draper’s Hall was a livery company hall on the north side of Throgmorton Street in Broad Street Ward. On the Agas map, Drapers’ Hall appears as a large house with three round towers, thus resembling the architecture of Hampton Court Palace and some of the college gates at Oxford and Cambridge Universities. Stow records that the hall was built by Sir Thomas Cromwell for his own use as a house. The Drapers bought the house from Henry VIII in 1543, the house having passed into the monarch’s possession after Cromwell’s execution in 1540.Drapers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Draper’s Almshouses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drawbridge Tower
Drawbridge Tower was located on London Bridge, at the northernmost end of the drawbridge (Harben, London Bridge; Stow 1633, sig. F4v). Traitors’ heads were displayed on the tower until it was rebuilt in 1577 (Stow 1633, sig. F4v).Drawbridge Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drinkwater Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drury House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Drury Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dudley’s House
Dudley’s House was located just north of Candlewick Street, before it meets Walbrook Street. According to Stow, the house belonged to Edmond Dudley during the reign of King Henry VII (Stow 1:224).Dudley’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Duke’s Place
According to Stow, Duke’s Place was converted from the Holy Trinity Priory after the priory’s dissolution in 1531. Duke’s Place was the residence of Sir Thomas Audley, to whom it was given by Herny VIII after the priory’s dissolution (Stow 1598, sig. H5v). A church, St. James Duke’s Place, was later added to the site during the reign of James I. The buildings on the site were destroyed in the Great Fire and then rebuilt (Sugden 281).Duke’s Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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Duke’s Wardrobe
The Duke’s Wardrobe, also known aWaterton’s Alley
orThe Duke’s Wardrobe atte Baynardes Castel,
was so named for its association to Duke Humphrey of Gloucester, brother of Henry V (Harben 205). Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin entertain the possiblility that the location isto be identified with Love Lane
(Carlin and Belcher 97).Duke’s Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Duklane
According to Carlin and Belcher,[i]n 1316 Dukelane apparently ran westward into Vitrielane
and that, furthermore, it is[n]ow [the] N. End of Little Britain
(Carlin and Belcher 72). Ekwall notes that[t]he meaning [of the lane] is clearly
(Ekwall 106).lane where ducks were reared,
, but the name seems to have been wrongly read with the vowel of duke and mis-interpretedDuklane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dune’s House
Dune House was located in Tower Street Ward. Stow described it as afayre house
with ahigh tower of Bricke
that was built by one of the owners, Sir John Champneys, toouerlooke his neighboures
(Stow 97).Dune’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Durham House
Durham House was located in the Strand, west of Ivy Bridge Lane. It stood at the border between the Duchy of Lancaster and Westminster.Durham House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dycekey
Named such by 1458, and may also beidentified with Dentoneswharf, held by John Dys
(Carlin and Belcher 72).Dycekey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dyers’ Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Dyers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eagle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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East Harding Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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East India House is mentioned in the following documents:
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East Smithfield
East Smithfield is a district located east of the City of London and northeast of the Tower of London. Its name derives fromsmoothfield ,
with the prefixeast
helping to differentiate it from the Smithfield northwest of Cripplegate (Harben). As time progressed, it transformed from what Stow describes as aplot of ground
with very few houses into a densely populated area by the mid-seventeenth century (Stow; Harben).East Smithfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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East Smithfield Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eastcheap
Eastcheap Street ran east-west, from Tower Street to St. Martin’s Lane. West of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street, Eastcheap was known asGreat Eastcheap.
The portion of the street to the east of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street was known asLittle Eastcheap.
Eastcheap (Eschepe or Excheapp) was the site of a medieval food market.Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Eastcheap Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ebbegate
Ebbegate became such by 1147-1167 (Carlin and Belcher 73), and Stow tells us that Ebbgateis a common stayre on ye Thames, but the passage is very narrow by meanes of incrochments
(Stow 1:169).Ebbegate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Elbow Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ely Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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Embroiderers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Emperor’s Head Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Empson’s House
During Henry VII’s reign, Sir Richard Empson occupied this house. Stow notes how Empson’s House and Dudley’s House hada dore of entercourse into
the garden belonging to Tortington’s Innwherein they met & consulted of matters at their pleasures
(Stow 1:177).Empson’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Exchange Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fagswell
Fagswell was a natural well in the Clerkenwell area and a source of fresh water for inhabitants of the City of London (Harben, Water Supply of London).Fagswell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fagswell Brook
Fagswell Brook became known as such by 1196 and was also known as the river of Fakeswell (Carlin and Belcher 73). It also[m]arked boundary of City liberty
(Carlin and Belcher 73). -
Fair Ground
The Fair sat[u]pon [a] portion of the ground now known as Smithfield (that is, smooth field), bordering upon the marsh, great elm trees grew, and it was known as The Elms. The king’s market perhaps was held among the trees; but on the marsh the Priory was founded, around which was held the fair
(Morley 9). According to Sugden:[i]ts frequenters were called [Bartholomew] Birds Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] There was abundant eating and drinking Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] Drums, gingerbread, and ugly dolls were to be bought for children. Puppet-plays were performed, and monsters of all kinds exhibited. Ballad singers plied their trade, and pick-pockets and rogues of all kinds made the Fair a happy hunting ground. Wrestling matches and the chasing of live rabbits by boys formed part of the fun. (Sugden 48)
Fair Ground is mentioned in the following documents:
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Falcon Inn
Falcon Inn was a tavern in the Bankside area and was a popular destination for many Elizabethan playwrights.Falcon Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Falcon Stairs
Sharing a name with the nearby Falcon Inn, the Falcon Stairs provided river access for the area of Southwark known to early modern Londoners as thebank side
(and later, Bankside). Being outside of London’s city limits, Southwark offered the early modern citizen a collection of entertainments of questionable virtue that were more difficult to come by in London proper. In Southwark, Londoners could attend plays at the Rose and Globe theatres, watch bear- and bull-baiting, and even visit one of the many brothels (called stews) that made Bankside infamous in the early modern period.Falcon Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Falcon Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Ward
Farringdon Ward is the name of the larger, single ward predating both Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward. This ward was divided by Parliament in the 17 of Richard II, creating the separate wards of Farringdon Within and Farringdon Without.Farringdon Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Within Ward
Farringdon Within Ward shares parts of its eastern and southern borders with the western and northern boundaries of Castle Baynard Ward. This ward is calledWithin
orInfra
to differentiate it from Farringdon Without Ward and both wards take the name of William Faringdon, principle owner of Farringdon Ward, the greater ward that was separated into Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward in the 17 of Richard II.Farringdon Within Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Farringdon Without Ward
Farringdon Without Ward is west of Farringdon Within Ward and Aldersgate Ward and is located outside the Wall. This ward is calledWithout
orExtra
because the ward is locatedwithout
Newgate and Ludgate and to differentiate it from Farringdon Within Ward. Farringdon Without Ward and its counterpart within the Wall are both named after William Faringdon, principle owner of Farringdon Ward, the greater ward that was separated into Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward in the 17 of Richard II.Farringdon Without Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fashion Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fenchurch Street
Fenchurch Street (often called Fennieabout) ran east-west from the pump on Aldgate High Street to Gracechurch Street in Langbourne Ward, crossing Mark Lane, Mincing Lane, and Rodd Lane along the way. Fenchurch Street was home to several famous landmarks, including the King’s Head Tavern, where the then-Princess Elizabeth is said to have partaken inpork and peas
after her sister, Mary I, released her from the Tower of London in May of 1554 (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 288). Fenchurch Street was on the royal processional route through the city, toured by monarchs on the day before their coronations.Fenchurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fetter Lane
Fetter Lane ran north-south between Holborn Street and Fleet Street, in the ward of Farringdon Without, past the east side of the church of Saint Dunstan’s in the West. Stow consistently calls this streetFewtars Lane,
Fewter Lane,
orFewters Lane
(Stow 2:21, 2:22), and claimed that it wasso called of Fewters (or idle people) lying there
(Stow 2:39).Fetter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ficket’s Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finch Lane
Finch Lane (labelledFinke la.
on the Agas map) was a small north-south lane that ran between Threadneedle Street and Cornhill. The north half of the lane was in Broadstreet Ward and the latter half was in Cornhill Ward. It is likely that the lane is named after Robert Finke and his family (son Robert Finke and relatives James and Rosamund).Finch Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finimore Lane
Finimore Lane ran east-west between Old Fish Street Hill and Bread Street Hill in Queenhithe Ward. The lane is not visible on the Agas Map, but we have marked it running just south of St. Nicholas Olave church based on evidence from Survey of London.Finimore Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Field
Finsbury Field is located in northen London outside the London Wall. Note that MoEML correctly locates Finsbury Field, which the label on the Agas map confuses with Mallow Field (Prockter 40). Located nearby is Finsbury Court. Finsbury Field is outside of the city wards within the borough of Islington (Mills 81).Finsbury Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Jail is mentioned in the following documents:
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Finsbury Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fish Wharf
In early modern London, Fish Wharf was an incredibly active area of commercial industry on the north bank of the River Thames in Bridge Ward Within. John Stow indicates that the wharf wasOn that south side of Thames stréete Gap in transcription. Reason: ()[…] in the parish of S. Magnus
(Stow 1598, sig. M5r). Additionally according to Henry Harben’s A Dictionary of London, the location of wharf was specifically selected tobe adjacent, on the west, to the present London Bridge Wharf, and between that wharf and Fresh Wharf east
(Harben).Fish Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fisher’s Folly
Fisher’s Folly was a large house on the east side of Bishopsgate Street, within the boundary of Bishopsgate Ward and a few houses away from the Dolphin Inn. Fisher’s Folly is not marked on the Agas map. By 1620, the house was occupied by the Earls of Devonshire and was renamedDevonshire House
(Harben 196).Fisher’s Folly is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fishmongers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet
The Fleet, known asFleet River,
Fleet Ditch,
Fleet Dike,
and theRiver of Wells
due to the numerous wells along its banks, was London’s largest subterranean river (Stow 1598, sig. C4r). It flowed down from Hampstead and Kenwood ponds in the north, bisecting the Ward of Farringdon Without, as it wended southward into the Thames (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 298).Fleet is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Bridge Cistern
The Fleet Bridge Cistern, or theCistern at Fleet Bridge
was, according to Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin,Built in 1478 by inhabitants of Fleet Street for receipt of waste water, carried above ground over the bridge
(Carlin and Belcher 74). Stow records thata Sestern was added to the Standerd in Fleetstreete, and a Sestern was made at Fleetebridge, and one other without Cripplegate in the yeare, 1478
(Stow 1:17). The Fleet Street Conduit was made that same year (Harben 167).Fleet Bridge Cistern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Street
Fleet Street runs east-west from Temple Bar to Fleet Hill or Ludgate Hill, and is named for the Fleet River. The road has existed since at least the twelfth century (Sugden 195) and known since the fourteenth century as Fleet Street (Beresford 26). It was the location of numerous taverns including the Mitre and the Star and the Ram.Fleet Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fleet Street Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fletchers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Flower and Dean Street is mentioned in the following documents:
-
Flower de Luce is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fore Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Foster Lane
Foster Lane ran north-south between Cheapside in the south and Oat Lane in the north. It crossed Lily Pot Lane, St. Anne’s Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), and Carey Lane. It sat between St. Martin’s Lane to the west and Gutter Lane to the east. Foster Lane is drawn on the Agas Map in the correct position, labelled asForster Lane.
Foster Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Founders’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fountain Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Four Swans Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fowle Lane (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fowle Lane (Tower Street Ward)
Fowle Lane, Tower Street Ward was later known as Cross Lane. Harben records it running west to east from St. Mary at Hill Street to Harp Lane (Harben, Cross Lane). Stow locates Fowle Lane, Tower Street Ward mostly in Tower Street Ward, though it is also in Billingsgate Ward (Stow 1633, sig. N3v; Harben Cross Lane).Fowle Lane (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Francis Cole’s Shop in Vine Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fresh Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Friday Street
Friday Street passed south through Bread Street Ward, beginning at the cross in Cheapside Street and ending at Old Fish Street. It was one of many streets that ran into Cheapside Street market whose name is believed to originate from the goods that were sold there.Friday Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Frogwell Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fryer Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fuller Rents
Fuller’s Rents (also known as Fulwood’s Rents) was a gated court north of Holborn, opposite Chancery Lane (Strype). It was not established until the reign of James I; the first reference is from 1618 (Cunningham 193). Although it postdates the Agas map, we have indicated the approximate location where the court was later established.Fuller Rents is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fullers’ Hall (Billiter Lane)
Prior to the point at which the Fullers’ Company joined the Shearmen in 1528 and established the Clothworkers’ Company, the Fullers appear to have occupied a space that was, according to Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin, ahall with [an] orchard at [the] S. end of Billiter Lane, described in letters patent of 1619 as formerly having beek known as Fullers’ Hall
(Carlin and Belcher 74).Fullers’ Hall (Billiter Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Fullers’ Hall (Candlewick Street)
The Fullers’ Hall on Candlewick Street, or simply theOld Fullers’ Hall
refers to one of two halls owned by the Fullers’ Company prior to merging with the Shearmen in 1528, establishing the Clothworkers’ Company (Carlin and Belcher 74). The Fullers seem to have occupied this hall by 1475 and remained there until their relocation to the Fullers’ Hall on Billiter Lane no later than 1619 (Carlin and Belcher 74). The hall was located where St. Martin’s Lane meets Candlewick StreetFullers’ Hall (Candlewick Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Furnivals Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Galley Key
Galley Key was a port on the north bank of the Thames, east of London Bridge, and south of Lower Thames Street in Tower Ward.Galley Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Galley Row
Galley Row was a short quadrant on the south side of Tower Street between Harp lane and the eastern end of Church lane, so calledbecause Galley men dwelled there
(Stow).Galley Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Garland in Little Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Garlick Hill
Garlick Hill ran north from the Thames. Before it reached Cheapside Street, it became Bow Lane. The nameGarlick Hill
preserves a memory of the steep incline (now partially flattened) leading away from the river. Like Bread Street, Garlick Hill was built in the ninth century; it provided access from the haven of Queenhithe (just to the west of Garlick Hill) to Cheapside Street.Garlick Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gatehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gayspur Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Inn (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Inn (Holborn Bridge) is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Inn (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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George Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gerrards Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ghertsey House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Giltspur Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Girdlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Glass House (Blackfriars) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Glaziers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Globe Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Golden Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Golden Lion
The Golden Lion was a victualling house located on Paternoster Row, right on the boundary between Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. Agas coordinates are based on Stow’s description of the Golden Lion’s location (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v, sig. 2G1r).Golden Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
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Golding’s Brewhouse
Golding’s Brewhouse was located in Southwark next to the Bridge House. According to John Stow, Golding’s Brewhouse was given to the City of London by George Monoux (Stow 1598, sig. Z3v). During Sir John Mundy’s time as mayor, the location of Golding’s Brewhouse was incorporated into the Bridge House property (Rendle 268).Golding’s Brewhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goldsmiths’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goldsmiths’ Row
Goldsmiths’ Row was a section on the south side of Cheapside Street, by Cheapside Cross. Goldsmiths’ Row and the shops and homes of other wealthy merchants made the street an elite and attractive one.Goldsmiths’ Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goodman’s Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goodman’s Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goose Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Goswell Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gracechurch Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gracechurch Street
Gracechurch Street ran north-south from Cornhill Street near Leadenhall Market to the bridge. At the southern end, it was calledNew Fish Street.
North of Cornhill, Gracechurch continued as Bishopsgate Street, leading through Bishop’s Gate out of the walled city into the suburb of Shoreditch.Gracechurch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gracechurch Street Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grantam Lane
Running parallel to Dowgate Street, Grantam Lane spanned north to south from Thames Street to the Thames. Stow notes a prominent brewery in the lane (Stow 1598, sig. N4r). By 1677, it came to be known asBrewer’s Lane
(Harben).Grantam Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gravel Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gray’s Inn
Gray’s Inn was one of the four Inns of Court.Gray’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gray’s Inn Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Conduit (Cheapside)
The Great Conduit in Westcheap, which began construction in 1245, conveyed fresh water to London. It carried the water supply from Tyburn to Cheapside Street in London, passing through Constitution Hill, the Mews at Charing Cross, the Strand, and Fleet Street on the way (Harben). It was fifty years in the making, and its completion was celebratedin triumphall manner
(Stow 1633, sig. C1r).Great Conduit (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Distaff Street
Great Distaff Street ran east-west from Friday Street to Old Change and was located in Bread Street Ward. The main structure of note along the street was Cordwainers’ Hall. It was also known asMayden lane
and is labelledMaidenhed lane
on the Agas map (Stow 1633, sig. 2L6r). According to Stow, the nameDistaff
was a corruption ofDistar Lane
but Harben and others have found this to be an error as the earliest form wasDistaue, not Distar
(Stow 1633, sig. 2L6r; Harben). Great Distaff Street is not to be confused with Distaff Lane, the lane which ran south out of Great Distaff Street toward Knightrider Street.Great Distaff Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Ormond Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Pearl Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great St. Helen’s Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great St. Thomas Apostles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Great Wild Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Green Dragon Inn (Bishopsgate Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Green Dragon Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greenwich
Greenwich Palace was a popular royal residence among the Tudors, specifically during the reigns of Henry VIII and Elizabeth I. Built in 1447 for Humphrey of Lancaster, Greenwich was the first visible sign as the traveller came from the mouth of the Thames in the east towards London (Bold 38). The land was originally the site of an Abbey until 1414 when it reverted back to the crown. In 1426, it was passed to Humphrey of Lancaster, who built the early palace and enclosed the land as a park. The house passed to Henry VI, whose wife, Margaret of Anjou, renamed it the Palace of Placentia orpleasant place.
The nameGreenwich Palace
dates from Elizabeth’s reign. This location was east of the area depicted on the Agas map.Greenwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greenwich Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gresham House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greyfriars
Enduring for over three centuries, longer than any other London friary, Greyfriars garnered support from both England’s landed elite and common Londoners. Founded in 1225 on a tenament donated by London Mercer John Iwyn, Greyfriars housed London’s Franciscan Friars (known in England as the Grey Friars). The friary expanded from its original pittance of land on the west side of Stinking Lane to over four-and-a-half acres by 1354. With the patronage of Queens Margaret, Isabella, and Philippa throughout the fourteenth century, the Franciscans constructed a formidable church, London’s third largest after St. Paul’s and Westminster Abbey. After the friary’s closure in 1538 pursuant to the Dissolution of the Monasteries, the church became the centre of the newly established Christ Church parish, and the cloisters housed Christ’s Hospital (Holder 66–96).Greyfriars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greyhound Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greyhound Inn (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greyhound Inn (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Greyhound Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Griste’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grocers’ Almshouses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grocers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Grub Street
Grub Street could be found outside the walled City of London. It ran north-south, between Everades Well Street in the north and Fore Lane in the south. Grub Street was partially in Cripplegate ward, and partially outside the limits of the City of London.Grub Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall Chapel
After the original Guildhall Chapel, which was built around 1290, becamesmall and ruinous
in the reign of Henry VI, it was rebuilt from 1435-55 (Carlin and Belcher 76). Henry Harben notes that the chapel wasonly partly destroyed in the Fire of 1666, and was of the Gothic order of a nave and aisles, the upper windows being restored in the Tuscan style
(Harben 396). Other names for the location, according to Harben, areChapel of the Blessed Mary of the Pui,
Capelle Gildaule,
Chapel of S. Mary de Gyhalle,
Chapel of St. Mary adjoining the Guildhall,
Capella de Gealda,
Chapel of la Gyhalle,
Chapel of the Guyhalde,
Guildhall Chapel,
andle Yeldehall chappell
(395).Guildhall Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall Library
The Guildhall Library was constructed for use by members of the Guildhall, although Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin note that it was open to the public. Carlin and Belcher further note that the Library wasbuilt in stone in 1423-5
and had a layout that consisted of3 chambers on ground floor with library above
(Carlin and Belcher 76).Guildhall Library is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall of the Hanseatic League is mentioned in the following documents:
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Guildhall Yard
Guildhall Yard was a square outside Guildhall.Guildhall Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gunfoundry
The Gunfoundry was a large house and enclosed yard on the north side of Houndsditch where cannon andBrasse Ordinance
were made (Stow). It was in Portsoken Ward. According to Stow, it was set up in the reign of Henry VIII by the threebrethren Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] surnamed Owens
(Stow).Gunfoundry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gunn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gunpowder Alley (John Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Gutter Lane
Gutter Lane ran north-south from Cheapside to Maiden Lane (Wood Street). It is to the west of Wood Street and to the east of Foster Lane, lying within the north-eastern most area of Farringdon Ward Within and serving as a boundary to Aldersgate ward. It is labelled asGoutter Lane
on the Agas map.Gutter Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Haberdashers’ Hall
Located at the junction of Ingen Lane (otherwise known as Maiden Lane, and now forming part of Gresham Street) and Staining Lane, the Haberdashers’s Hall was the meeting place for the Habdashers’ Company. The Company aquired this location in 1458. The Hall was completely destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666.Haberdashers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Half Moon
Half Moon was a messuage with a garden in East Smithfield. According to the 1633 edition of John Stow’s Survey of London, Ralfe Carter gave the messuage todivers Feoffees, between the Parishes of Alhallowes in Lumbard-street, and Saint Andrews Vndershaft
(Stow 1633, sig. O6r).Half Moon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Half Moon Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hampstead Heath is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hampton Court
The history of Hampton Court illustrates, in many ways, the history of England itself. Hampton Court was originally owned by Thomas Wolsey and later gifted to Henry VIII, remaining the property of the crown or state in a nearly unbroken line since the sixteenth century. As such, the palace is also the subject and site of many important early modern English artistic, literary and dramatic works. The palace was also a landmark for iconic historical moments such as the birth of Edward VI, the death of Jane Seymour, Elizabeth I’s reconciliation with Mary I, James I’s plan for the Authorized Bible, and Charles I’s escape from Parliamentary imprisonment. Hampton Court is not located inside the area depicted on the Agas map.Hampton Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hand Alley (Houndsditch)
Located southwest of Houndsditch in Portsoken Ward (Harben 289), Hand Alley is not featured on the Agas map.Hand Alley (Houndsditch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hand and Shears Tavern
Erected in the sixteenth century, the Hand and Shears Tavern originally hosted a Piepowder Court, where merchants from the Cloth Fair could settle their disputes. The tavern supposedly earned its name from the Lord Mayorʼs opening of the Bartholomew Fair in nearby Smithfield by cutting a piece of cloth (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 380).Hand and Shears Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hand Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hanging Sword Alley
Variously known asOuldwood Alley
orBlood-bowl Alley,
Hanging Sword Alley is a small lane in Farringdon Ward Without. Not to be confused with Hanging Sword Court, Hanging Sword Alley runs to the east of Water Lane.Hanging Sword Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hanging Sword Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Harbour Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hare Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hare House
According to Walter George Bell, Hare House was a property in Ram Alley left by John Bowser and Humphrey Street in 1584upon trust for 1,000 years, that every Sunday thirteen pennyworth of bread should be given to thirteen poor people of the parish after service in St. Dunstan’s church
(Bell 296).Hare House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Harp Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hart Street
Hart Street ran east-west from Crutched Fryers and the north end of Seething Lane to Mark Lane. In Stow’s time, the street began much further east, running from the north end of Woodroffe Lane to Mark Lane (Harben; Stow).Hart Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hartshorn Alley
Hartshorn Alley ran north-south from Leadenhall Street to Fenchurch Street (Harben; BHO). Stow notes that Hartshorn Alley ismid way on that South side [of Leadenhall Street], betwixt Aldgate and Limestreet,
and characterises it asa way that goeth through into Fenchurch streete ouer against [i.e., across from] Northumberland house
(Stow).Hartshorn Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hart’s Horns Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hatfield House
Hatfield House, generally termed Hatfield Palace or Old Palace to refer to the location prior to its renovation in 1611, is perhaps best remembered as the childhood home of Elizabeth I. Originally constructed in 1497 by John Morton, Archbishop of Canterbury, the house was seized by Henry VIII during the English Reformation. In the reign of James I, the house was relinquished to Robert Cecil, who demolished large sections of the palace and repurposed the materials into the structure that still stands (Cecil 13-161).Hatfield House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hatton Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hatton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hatton Wall Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hayʼs Wharf
Named after its owner, Alexander Hay, Hayʼs Wharf was a granary and brewery located between Tooley Street and the Thames (Hayʼs Wharf).Hayʼs Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Heneadge House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Henry VII’s Chapel
One of the most opulent sites in early modern London, Henry VII’s Chapel still stands in the eastern wing of Westminster Abbey. The structure was initially intended to monumentalize Henry VI, who was never actually canonized (Condon 60). The Henry VII Lady Chapel is the resting place of Henry VII himself and his wife, Elizabeth of York. Additionally, it houses the tombs of Anne of Cleves; Edward VI; Mary I; Elizabeth I; Mary, Queen of Scots; Anne of Denmark; James VI and I; and other key figures of the English Royalty (Weinreb 1007).Henry VII’s Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hermitage Dock is mentioned in the following documents:
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Highbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hockley in the Hole is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hog Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hog Lane (East Smithfield)
Hog Lane ran east-west into the north-east corner of Little Tower Hill. It should not be confused with the Hog Lane north of Houndsditch. Hog Lane, also called Hog Street in Stow’s Survey of London, was renamed Rosemary Lane in the seventeenth century.Hog Lane (East Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hog Lane (Norton Folgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn
Holborn ran east-west from the junction of Hosier Lane, Cock Lane and Snow Hill to St. Giles High Street, and passed through Farringdon Without Ward and Westminster.Holborn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Bridge
Holborn Bridge or Oldboorne bridge (Stow) spanned the Fleet Ditch at Holborn Street. Located in the ward of Farringdon Without, the bridge was part of a major westward thoroughfare.Holborn Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holborn Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holmes College
Holmes College, also known as the Chapel of the Holy Ghost and the Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen, was located on the north side of St. Paul’s Cathedral (Stow 1598, sig. S5r, S8v). It was founded by Roger Holmes in 1400 and is also where Holmes was buried (Stow 1598, sig. S5r, S8v). Other persons of note buried in Holmes College include sheriff and mayor Adam de Bury (Stow 1598, sig. S8v). The chapel is labelledHolmes College
on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Holmes College is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity (Minories) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Churchyard (East Smithfield)
A component of London’s pestilential past, Holy Trinity Churchyard in East Smithfield was a graveyard for victims of London’s first great plague. The churchyard was east of Little Tower Hill, south of Hog Lane (East Smithfield) and north of St. Katherine’s Hospital. As the number of plague victims increased, these graveyards ran out of space and Holy Trinity Priory was used to ensure that the dead were buried in holy ground.Holy Trinity Churchyard (East Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity Priory
Holy Trinity Priory, located west of Aldgate and north of Leadenhall Street, was an Augustinian Priory. Stow notes that Queen Matilda established the Priory in 1108in the parishes of Saint Marie Magdalen, S. Michael, S. Katherine, and the blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the holy Trinitie
(Stow). Before Matilda united these parishes under the name Holy Trinity Priory, they were collectively known as the Holy Cross or Holy Roode parish (Stow; Harben).Holy Trinity Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Trinity the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Well
James Bird’s Volume 8 of the Survey of London, Shoreditch, indicates that there were two wells on the property of Holywell Priory, one in the orchard and onein the middle of the inner court
(Bird 153-187). In a footnote, Bird indicates that the well in the orchard is most likely the one from which the priory and the district took its name (Bird 153-187n204). This is because Stow, in 1598, identifies Holy Well as beingmuch decayed and marred with filthinesse, purposely layd there, for the heighthening of the ground, for garden plots
and while it is possible that the orchard land was used for gardening plots, the inner court was never put to that purpose (Bird 153-187n204; Stow 1598, sig. B7v). By this reasoning, we assume that the well in the orchard of Holywell Priory is the one that bears the name Holy Well.Holy Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holy Well Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holywell Priory
Founded in the twelfth century, Holywell Priory stood along the west side of Shoreditch Street and the north side of Hog Lane (Norton Folgate), occupying the site that would later house London’s first playhouse, the Theatre. The priory was dissolved on 10 October 1539 (Bowsher,Holywell Priory
232). The priory was also known asPriory of St. John the Baptist, Holywell.
Holywell Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Holywell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Honey Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horn Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horner’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horse Ferry
Horse Ferry, according to early accounts, was established specifically to carry clergymen from their residence at Lambeth Palace to Westminster Palace across the river.Horse Ferry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horsepool
Also known as Smithfield Pond.Horsepool is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horshew Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Horsleydown
Originally referred to asHorseydown
orHorsedown,
Horsleydown (sometimes spelled Horselydown) was located on the southern bank of the Thames, just east of Tooley Street (Surrey Archaeological Society 156, 167). Horsleydown’s name appears to derive from its original function as a large grazing field for cattle and horses (Walford). While Horsleydown remained a pastural setting in Stow’s time, by the nineteenth century the area had becomecrowded with wharfs and warehouses, granaries and factories, mills, breweries, and places of business of all kinds
(Noorthouck; Surrey Archaeological Society 156). Horsleydown is labelledHorſsey downe
on the Agas map,Horſy Downe
on the 1661 edition of Newcourt and Faithorne’s map (London), andHorsley Down
on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings). All three maps similarly depict a large open field near the Horsleydown label.Horsleydown is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hosier Lane (Smithfield)
Hosier Lane ran west from Pie Corner in Smithfield. It was named for the hosiers who worked on the lane in the fourteenth century. The hosiers later moved to Bow Lane off Cheapside Street, which then became known as Hosier Lane.Hosier Lane (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hospital of St. Mary within Cripplegate
Harben notes that the first known mention of the hospital, which is in the calendar of the patent rolls, stated that alicense [was] granted to William de Elsyng to alienate in mortmain certain houses in the parishes of St. Alphege and St. Mary (Aldermanbury) to found a hospital for 100 blind people in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary
(Harben 217). The aforementioned William de Elsyng was the hospital’s warden from 1330–1331, and the hospital derived its other commonly used name, Elsing Spital, from him (Harben 217).Hospital of St. Mary within Cripplegate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Houndsditch Street
Running southeast from Bishopsgate Street to Aldgate Street outside the city wall, Houndsditch Street passed through Bishopsgate Ward and Portsoken Ward. It was first paved in 1603 (Harben 311). Houndsditch Street took its name from nearby Houndsditch. Stow refers to the neighbourhood surrounding Houndsditch Street asHoundsditch
:(within the limits of Hounds-ditch) dwell many a good and honest Citizen
(Stow 1633, sig. M1v).Houndsditch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hoxton
This location has been added to the MoEML gazetteer on the authority of Carlin and Belcher’s gazetteer of 1520 London.Hoxton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Huggin Lane (Upper Thames Street)
Huggin Lane ran north-south between Thame Street and Knightrider Street. Although Stow mentions them separately, Stow’s descriptions of the positions of Huggin Lane and Pyellane suggest that they are the same street (Stow 1598, sig. T7v, U1v). Harben also lists Pyellane as a probable variant (Harben).Huggin Lane (Upper Thames Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Huggin Lane (Wood Street)
Huggin Lane (Wood Street) ran east-west connecting Wood Street in the east to Gutter Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Cheapside in the south and Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the north. It was in Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled asHoggyn la
on the Agas map.Huggin Lane (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Huntington House
Previously called the New Inn or Beaumontes Inn, this house once belonged to the Earls of Huntington. The Huntington house marks the eastern corner of Castle Baynard Ward.Huntington House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Hyde Park
According to Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay, Hyde Park was the largest of the royal parks. The land was used as a hunting ground from 1536 to 1768, Henry VIII adopting Hyde Park for personal use after the dissolution of the monasteries. In the early seventeenth century, the park was opened for public use (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 423).Hyde Park is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn and Garden of the Bishop of Chichester
The Inn and Garden of the Bishop of Chichester is located on both sides of Chancery Lane. During the reign of Henry III, Ralph de Nevilleacquired a plot on the west side of the lane where Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents. ()[…] he built a noble palace
(Williams 1520). This land was given to him by the Knights Templar and was likely grantedsoon after [Neville’s] appointment in 1226 to the Chancellorship
(Williams 1521).Inn and Garden of the Bishop of Chichester is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Cirencester
The inn wasacquired between 1133 and 1216
(Carlin and Belcher 69).Inn of the Abbot of Cirencester is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Evesham
According to Carlin and Belcher,[t]he abbot and convent owned property in the parishes of St Katherine Coleman and St Dunstan in the East by 1366
(Carlin and Belcher 73). It is also suggested that the Inn of the Abbot of Evesham is thefayre house
described by Stowwith diuers Tenements neare adioyning, sometime belonging to a late dissolued Priorie since possessed by Mistresse Cornewallies, widow and her heires, by the gift of king Henry the 8
(Stow 1:102-103).Inn of the Abbot of Evesham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Faversham
The Inn of the Abbot of Faversham stood from 1147 to 1521, at which point it waspulled down and incorporated into Bridewell Palace
(Carlin and Belcher 73).Inn of the Abbot of Faversham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Glastonbury
The Inn of the Abbot of Glastonbury, or alternatelyThe Abbot of Glastonbury’s Inn
was, according to Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin,Acquired by abbot and convent in 1426-7
(Carlin and Belcher 74). The Inn was located near Smithfield between Cock Lane and Hosier Lane.Inn of the Abbot of Glastonbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Peterborough
The Inn of the Abbot of Peterborough was on Carter Lane from 1204-1210, but in 1420 it moved to Fleet Street—the site identified on the Agas map (Carlin and Belcher 83). After it moved, the former site became home to The Bell (Carter Lane).Inn of the Abbot of Peterborough is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of Reading
In 1212 the Inn of the Abbot of Reading resided in the Parish of St. Benet (Sherehog), but around 1327 it moved near the church of St. Andrew by the Wardrobe (Carlin and Belcher 84).Inn of the Abbot of Reading is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inn of the Abbot of St Albans
Harben explains that[t]his was the town house of the Abbots of St. Albans prior to the dissolution of the monasteries in the time of Henry VIII
(Harben 1). Edward Catcher purchased the property in 1544, and it was later passed on to his son, John Catcher (Harben 1). -
Inn of the Bishop of Chester
The Inn of the Bishop of Chester resided on thewestern side of the present entrance to Somerset House
(Williams 1450). Not to be confused with Strand Inn’s original name, Chester Inn.Inn of the Bishop of Chester is mentioned in the following documents:
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Inner Temple
Inner Temple was one of the four Inns of CourtInner Temple is mentioned in the following documents:
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Innholders’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ipris Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Iron Gate
Iron Gate was an entry gate into the Tower of London on its eastern side near the Thames. According to Stow, the gate wasgreat and strong
but not often opened (Stow 1633, sig. E4r). It was built in the late fourteenth century on a plot of land that once contained mills belonging to St. Katherine’s Hospital (Carlin and Belcher Tower of London; Stow 1598, sig. D4r). The gate is labelledIron Gate
on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Iron Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ironmonger Lane
Ironmonger Lane, located directly north of Eastcheap in Cheap Ward, ran north-south between Cateaton Street and Cheapside Street. The lane’s name has undergone a number of spelling changes over the years—on the Agas map, it is labelled asIremonger lane,
but it has also been written asIsmonger Lane,
Ismongeres Lane,
orYsmongeres Lane,
with records of the last spelling dating back to 1213 (Harben).Ironmonger Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ironmongers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Islington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ivy Bridge Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ivy Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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James Head is mentioned in the following documents:
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Jewin Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Jews’ Cemetary
Prior to being renamedJews’ Garden
around the time of the thirteenth-century expulsion of the Jews, the location was known as theJews’ Cemetery.
Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin note that the cemetery wasuntil 1177 the only Jewish cemetery in England
(Carlin and Belcher 78). The cemetary was variously known asle Juesgardyn
Jewesgardin,
Le Jewengardyn,
andJewengardyn
(Harben 322). Stow discusses the cemetery in his survey of Cripplegate Ward, nothing that theIewes Garden
is now turned into faire garden plots and sommer houses for pleasure
(Stow 1:241). The location was just outside of the City Wall, near the church of St. Giles, Cripplegate.Jews’ Cemetary is mentioned in the following documents:
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John Rastell’s Stage
John Rastell built London’sfirst purpose-built stage
onproperty fronting on Old Street in Finsbury
(Giles-Watson 172). Although the name of the stage/playhouse, if it had one, is now lost, we find traces of its existence in the legal record.John Rastell’s Stage is mentioned in the following documents:
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Joiners’ Hall
Joiners’ Hall was built on the company’s property in Thames Street, some time between 1518 and 1551. See the description of Joiners’ Hall at the company’s website.Joiners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kennington
Kennington was a region, originally a manor, south of Lambeth. In Stow’s time the area had few buildings and itsgeneral impression
wasof an area of meadow and pasture chequered by drainage channels
(Sheppard, F.H.W.).Kennington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kent Street
Originally called Kentish Street, Kent Street began at the north end of Blackman Street and ran eastward from the church of St. George Southwark (Walford). Kent Street was a long and narrow road that connected Southwark to the County of Kent (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2v). Edward Walford notes that Kent Streetwas part of the great way from Dover and the Continent to the metropolis
until the early nineteenth century (Walford). Kent Street is now commonly referred to as Old Kent Road and is not to be confused with New Kent Road (Darlington). Kent Street is south of the area depicted on the Agas map.Kent Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kerion Lane
Kerion Lane ran east-west from College Hill to St. James Garlickhithe and was located in Vintry Ward (Harben, Maiden Lane). It was also known as Maiden Lane (Harben, Maiden Lane).Kerion Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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King Edward Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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King Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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King Tudor Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Alley
According to Stow, on the East side of Coleman Street,almost at the North end thereof, is the Armourers Hall, which companie of Armourers were made a fraternitie or Guild of Saint George, with a Chantrie in the Chapple of saint Thomas in Paules Church, in the first of Henrie the sixt. Also on the same side, is kings Alley, and Loue lane, both containing many tenements.
Both of these streets appear on the Map of Tudor London (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). Ekwall notes that Kings Alley isNamed from William Kyng, draper
(1965).King’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Arms Inn (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Arms Inn (Holborn Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Arms Inn (Leadenhall Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Artirce
Stow reports of having read a record ofa mansion house of the kings
calledKing’s Artice
on Lime Street (Stow 1598, sig. I1v). The record Stow cites dates back to the fourteenth year of Edward I’s reign and, by Stow’s time, the mansion had apparentlygrown out of knowledge
(Stow 1598, sig. I1v).King’s Artirce is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Bench is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s College Mansion
Stow refers to King’s College Mansion variously as thePrior of Okebornes House.
In recording the history of the location, Stow records the location by describing it asone great Messuage, of old time belonging to the Priorie of Okeborne in Wilshire, and was the Priors lodging when he repayred to London
(Stow 2:13-14). Stow further notes that the mansion was given to King’s College, Cambridge. In terms of its location, the site was located in Castle Baynard Ward just north of the Blackfriars Stars, on the east side of Water Lane.King’s College Mansion is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Head Inn (Old Change) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Head Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Head Tavern (Fenchurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s House in Cornhill
Stow recounts a common belief relating to the Pope’s Head Tavern and the other stone buildings surrounding it: that it was at some point the property of the monarch, possibly as far back as King John (Stow 1598, sig. L6r). Sugden accepts this as a possibility, but other writers have been skeptical (Sugden 418); Joseph Moser, writing in The European Magazine, and London Review, says thatit has been ſaid, that the Pope’s Head Tavern, Cornhill, was formerly one of King John’s palaces; but this ſuggestion aroſe merely from its having upon its front Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] the arms of England before the time of Edward the IIId Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] : therefore a much more probable conjecture is, that, even in thoſe early days, this houſe was a tavern, and that the achievement which we have juſt noticed was intended for a ſign. (Moser 14)
King’s House in Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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King’s Wardrobe
The King’s Wardrobe, built in the fourteenth century between St. Andrew’s Hill and Addle Hill near Blackfriars Precinct, was originally a repository for royal clothing, but later housed offices of the royal household and became a key seat of government (Sugden 557). Stow explains its significance:In this houſe of late yeares, is lodged Sir Iohn Forteſcue, knight, Maiſter of the Wardrobe, Chancellor and vnder Treaſu
rer of the Exchequer, and one of her Maieſties Priuy Councel. The ſecret letters & writings touching the eſtate of the realme, were wont to be introlled in the kings Wardrobe, and not in the Chauncery, as appeareth by the Records. (Stow 1598, sig. U6r)King’s Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kirby Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kirkebies Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kitchens by the Guildhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Kneseworth Key
Located in Tower Street Ward, Kneseworth Key was, as Henry Harben notes, a[m]essuage with [a] wharf annexed belonging to Thomas Kneseworth, formerly called
(Harben 336).Hatters Key
Kneseworth Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Knightrider Street
Knightrider Street ran east-west from Dowgate Street to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons.Knightrider Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lad Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Chapel (Christ Church)
Lady Chapel (Christ Church) was a chapel in Christ Church located by the organs (Kingsford). Those of note buried within the chapel include Sir John de Gisors (Thornbury).Lady Chapel (Christ Church) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lady Chapel (St. Paul’s)
Lady Chapel (St. Paul’s) was at the east end of St. Paul’s Cathedral. It was built by Ralph Baldock, former dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral, and is also where Baldock was buried (Stow 1598, sig. 2D1v-2D2r). Other persons of note buried in the chapel include John Stokesley (Stow 1598, sig. T1r). Lady Chapel (St. Paul’s) is also where Catherine of Aragon and Arthur Tudor were married in 1501 (Thornbury).Lady Chapel (St. Paul’s) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth
Lambeth was a neighbourhood located on the southern bank of the Thames, directly opposite to Westminster (Lysons). Jeremy Boulton notes that Lambeth lay outside the Corporation of London’s jurisdiction and was instead controlled by Surrey authorities (Boulton 9). Lambeth is depicted on the Agas map, though it is partially covered by a descriptive cartouche. While the Agas map labels the area near Lambeth’s coordinates asThe lambeht,
this label appears to refer to Lambeth Palace rather than the neighbourhood as a whole. For a more detailed look at Lambeth, see Richard Blome’s 1720 map (Blome).Lambeth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth Hill
Lambeth Hill ran north-south between Knightrider Street and Thames Street. Part of it lay in Queenhithe Ward and part in Castle Baynard Ward. The Blacksmiths’ Hall was located on the west side of this street, but the precise location is unknown.Lambeth Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth Marsh is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lambeth Palace
Lambeth Palace, also known as Lambeth House and the Palace of the Archbishop, was and continues to be the London residence of the Archbishop of Canterbury (Stow 1633, sig. F1r; Encyclopedia Britannica). It is located on the south bank of the River of Thames by Lambeth Marsh, slightly south of being directly across the Thames from Westminster Abbey. St. Mary (Lambeth) is a part of the palace’s environs. The palace was first built in about 1200 with later additions coming in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries (Encyclopedia Britannica). Lambeth Palace was spoiled by rebels during the 1381 Peasants’ Revolt (Stow 1633, F1r). It is labelledThe lambeht
on the Agas map andLambeth Palace
on Google’s modern map (Google Earth).Lambeth Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lamb’s Conduit Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Langbourn Ward
Langbourn Ward is west of Aldgate Ward. According to Stow, the ward is named aftera long borne of ſweete water
which once broke out of the ground in Fenchurch Street, a street running through the middle of Langbourn Ward (Stow 1603). Thelong borne of ſweete water
no longer existed at the time of Stow’s writing (Stow 1603).Langbourn Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leaden Porch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall Manor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leadenhall Street
Leadenhall Street ran east-west from Cornhill Street to Aldgate Street. All three form part of the same road from Aldgate to Cheapside Street (Weinreb and Hibbert 462). The street acquired its name from Leadenhall, a onetime house and later a market. The building was reportedly famous for having a leaden roof (Bebbington 197).Leadenhall Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leather Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Leathersellers’ Hall
The Leathersellers Hall was a hall belonging to the Leathersellers in Bishopsgate Ward east of Bishopsgate Street and north of St. Helen’s church. The Leathersellers Hall is not instantly recognizable on the Agas map. It is one of the houses north of St. Helen’s church and south of the walled garden by the west end of St. Mary Axe church. The hall is, however, featured on Richard Blome’s 1755 map of Bishopsgate Ward.Leathersellers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Legate’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Legges Alley
Several names were used interchangeably to refer to Legges Alley, a title that conjures an association with Thomas Leggy, a skinnerwhose will was enrolled in 1357
(Ekwall 174). In the fourtheenth century, the location was variously known asLegge’s Aleye,
Leggesaleye,
orLegges aleye,
andLogges Alley
circa 1548 (Ekwall 174). Henry Harben notes that the location wasIdentified in Vestry Minute Book of the parish of St. Bartholomew the Litell in entries of the sixteenth century with
(Harben 347).Nagg’s Head Court
Legges Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lewes Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Liberty of the Rolls
The Liberty of the Rolls was made up of the precincts associated with the official residence of the Master of the Rolls (also known as Rolls’ House) and of those associated with Rolls Chapel (Harben Rolls’ Office).Liberty of the Rolls is mentioned in the following documents:
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Library of Gray-Friars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lily Pot Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lime Street
Lime Street is a street that ran north-south from Leadenhall Street in the north to Fenchurch Street in the south. It was west of St. Andrew Undershaft and east of Leadenhall. It appears that the street was so named because people made or sold Lime there (Stow). This claim has some historical merit; in the 1150s one Ailnoth the limeburner lived in the area (Harben; BHO).Lime Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lime Street Ward
Lime Street Ward is west of Aldgate Ward. The ward is named after its principle street, Lime Street, which takes its name from themaking or ſelling of Lime there,
according to Stow (Stow 1603).Lime Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lime-burners Alley
Lime-burners Alley was an alley in Seacoal Lane in Farringdon Without Ward.Lime-burners Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Limehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lincoln’s Inn
Lincoln’s Inn was one of the four Inns of Court.Lincoln’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lincoln’s Inn Fields
According to Carlin and Belcher, Lincoln’s Inn Fields were formerly referred to asCup Field
orPurse Field
(Carlin and Belcher 84). The namesake for the location is Lincoln’s Inn, one of the Inns of Court. The fields were located east of Lincoln’s Inn and west of Covent Garden.Lincoln’s Inn Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lion Tower
Lion Tower, also called the Barbican and the Bulwark, was a defensive structure located near the southwest corner of the Tower of London (Carlin and Belcher; Historical Towns Trust). The tower was built in the reign of Edward I (Carlin and Belcher). It was known asLion Tower
because lions and leopards were housed there, along with their keepers, in the reign of Henry III and of Edward III (Stow 1633, sig. E3v). It is labelledLion Tower (Barbican)
on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Lion Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Liquorpond Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Britain is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Conduit (Cheapside)
The Little Conduit (Cheapside), also known as the Pissing Conduit, stood at the western end of Cheapside Street outside the north corner of Paul’s Churchyard. On the Agas map, one can see two water cans on the ground just to the right of the conduit.Little Conduit (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Conduit (Stock Market) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Minories is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Moorfields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Ormond Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Pearl Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little St. Helen’s Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little St. Thomas Apostles is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Tower Hill
Little Tower Hill was a common northeast of the Tower of London, between East Smithfield and the Minories. According to Stow, it had becomegreatly diminished by building of tenements and garden plots
by 1593, flanked to the north and west bycertaine faire Almes houses, strongly builded of Bricke and timber, and couered with slate for the poore
(Stow).Little Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Little Wood Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Loders Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Loke in Southwark
The Loke in Southwark was a lazar house which was used to quarantine people who had leprosy (Stow 1633, sig. 2R2v). The Loke in Southwark was located in Kent Street, just south of the area depicted on the Agas map.Loke in Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lollard’s Tower
A prison for bishops, Lollard’s Tower was made up of two stone towers originally meant for bells at two corners on the west end of St. Paul’s.Lollard’s Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lombard Street
Lombard Street was known by early modern Londoners as a place of commerce and trade. Running east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry, Lombard Street bordered Langbourn Ward, Walbrook Ward, Bridge Within Ward, and Candlewick Street Ward.Lombard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lombard’s Place
Lombard’s Place, also known asLumbardi’s place in Botolph Lane
orGreat Lombard’s Place
was possibly, according to Henry Harben,[A] place of residence or of meeting for the Lombard merchants in london at this time [1483-5], similar to the one in Clement’s Lane
(Harben 358). Specifically, Lombard’s Place is associated with Gabriel de Urs and Peter Conteryn, both Venetian merchants in the late fifteenth century (Harben 358). The house was located just north of Thames Street, between Botolph’s Lane and Love Lane.Lombard’s Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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London is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Bridge
As the only bridge in London crossing the Thames until 1729, London Bridge was a focal point of the city. After its conversion from wood to stone, completed in 1209, the bridge housed a variety of structures, including a chapel and a growing number of shops. The bridge was famous for the cityʼs grisly practice of displaying traitorsʼ heads on poles above its gatehouses. Despite burning down multiple times, London Bridge was one of the few structures not entirely destroyed by the Great Fire of London in 1666.London Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Stone
London Stone was, literally, a stone that stood on the south side of what is now Cannon Street (formerly Candlewick Street). Probably Roman in origin, it is one of London’s oldest relics. On the Agas map, it is visible as a small rectangle between Saint Swithin’s Lane and Walbrook Street, just below thend
consonant cluster in the labelLondonſton.
London Stone is mentioned in the following documents:
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London Wall (street)
London Wall was a long street running along the inside of the northern part of the City Wall. It ran east-west from the north end of Broad Street to Cripplegate (Prockter and Taylor 43). The modern London Wall street is a major traffic thoroughfare now. It follows roughly the route of the former wall, from Old Broad Street to the Museum of London (whose address is 150 London Wall).London Wall (street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Acre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Lane (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Lane (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Lane (Southwark)
Long Lane ran east-west from Bermondsey Abbey to St. George Southwark (Stow 1598, sig. Y5v). Described as an ancient street by H.E. Malden, Long Lane was supposedly created sometime around 1104 to connect the Priory of Bermondsey Abbey with their lands in Southwark (Malden; Layers of London). Long Lane still exists today in its early modern location. While its eastern portion was renamedWhite Street
by the eighteenth century, modern maps refer to the entire street asLong Lane.
Long Lane was just south of the area depicted on the Agas map and is labelledLong Lane
andWhite Street
on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings).Long Lane (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Shop (Cheapside)
Long Shop (Cheapside) was, according to Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin, built in 1401 (Carlin and Belcher 79). On the Agas Map, Long Shop (Cheapside) is obscured by Cheapside Cross.Long Shop (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Long Southwark
Long Southwark ran southwards from London Bridge to St. George Southwark, where it attached to Blackman Street (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). The street is labelledSouthwarke
on the Agas map. Stow notes that Long Southwark wasbuilded on both sides with divers Lanes and Allies
(Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2r). The five prisons found in Southwark were also located on this street (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q2v). Long Southwark formed the northern portion of the main thoroughfare in Southwark, which is now commonly referred to as theHigh Steet
orBorough High Street
(Malden).Long Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lord Wentworth’s Jail is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lothbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Coleman Street)
According to Stow, on the East side of Coleman Street,almost at the North end thereof, is the Armourers Hall, which companie of Armourers were made a fraternitie or Guild of Saint George, with a Chantrie in the Chapple of saint Thomas in Paules Church, in the first of Henrie the sixt. Also on the same side, is kings Alley, and Loue lane, both containing many tenements.
Both of these streets appear on the Map of Tudor London (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).Love Lane (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Thames Street)
Love Lane (Thames Street) was situated within Billingsgate Ward (orBelingsgate
) (Hughson 91). Billingsgate Ward is two wards to the west of the Tower of London. The Agas map shows that the lane goes from north to south—up to St. Andrew Hubbard and down to Thames Street. It runs parallel to the streets St. Mary-at-Hill Street and Botolph Lane.Love Lane (Thames Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Love Lane (Wood Street)
Love Lane (Wood Street) ran east-west, connecting Aldermanbury in the east and Wood Street in the west. It ran parallel to Addle Street in the north and Lad Lane in the south. It lay within Cripplegate Ward, and is labelled asLone la.
on the Agas map.Love Lane (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lovel’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ludgate
Located in Farringdon Within Ward, Ludgate was a gate built by the Romans (Carlin and Belcher 80). Stow asserts that Ludgate was constructed by King Lud who named the gate after himselffor his owne honor
(Stow 1:1).Ludgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ludgate Hill
Ludgate Hill, also known as Fleet Hill, ran east-west from St. Paul’s Churchyard, past Ludgate, to an undetermined point before Fleet Bridge. It was the raised portion of the greater Ludgate Street leading up out of Fleet Street. The hill is labelledFlete hyll
on the Agas map.Ludgate Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ludgate Street
According to Harben, Ludgate Street ran east-west from St. Paul’s Churchyard to about Old Bailey, though, the actual street probably stretched further west to the point where Ludgate Street became Fleet Street (Harben). It is often used synonymously with Ludgate Hill but MoEML understands Ludgate Hill to have been, rather, the raised portion of the larger Ludgate Street. A section of Ludgate Street was also called Bowyer Row,[so called] of Bowiers dwelling there in old time
(Stow 1598, sig. T1v).Ludgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lumbard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lumley House
Lumley House was a large house on the west side of Woodroffe Lane, north of Tower Hill. It was built bySir Thomas Wiat the father, vpon one plotte of ground of late pertayning to the foresaid Crossed Fryers
during the reign of Henry VIII (Stow). For Stow, the house was an important boundary marker for Aldgate Ward; it was the most southern point. However, he did not record anything about the house itself.Lumley House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Lyon Key
Lyon Quay was located between Broken Wharf to the west and Brook’s Wharf to the east (Harben). Although not on the original list ofLegal Quays
drawn up in the sixteenth century, Lyon Quay did make the list after the port was reassessed following the Great Fire of 1666 (Forrow 9, 11). In 1668, the Quay’s dimensions were measured at thirty-six feet wide along the Thames and running north forty feet to Thames Street (Child). -
Lyon’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Magpie Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maiden Lane (Southwark)
Maiden Lane (Southwark) ran between Dead Man’s Place and Gravel Lane in Southwark and is alternatively referred to as Maid Lane (Sugden 328). It appears on the 1520 A Map of Tudor London (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). Based on its position on that map, it would be just beyond the southern boundary of Agas’ 1560 Civitatis Londinum.Maiden Lane (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maiden Lane (Wood Street)
Maiden Lane (Wood Street) was shared between Cripplegate Ward, Aldersgate Ward, and Farringdon Within. It ran west from Wood Street, andoriginated as a trackway across the Covent Garden
(Bebbington 210) to St. Martin’s Lane.Maiden Lane (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maidenhead Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mallow Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Manor of Ponington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Manor of the Maze is mentioned in the following documents:
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Manor of the Rose
Manor of the Rose was a residence on Suffolk Lane in Dowgate Ward. According to Stow, the building was converted into the Merchant Taylors’ School, in 1561 (Stow 1598, sig. N7r).Manor of the Rose is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mark Lane
Mark Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower Street. It wasfor the most parte of this Towerstreet warde
(Stow). The north end of the street, from Fenchurch Street to Hart Street was divided between Aldgate Ward and Landbourn Ward. Stow says Mark Lane wasso called of a Priuiledge sometime enjoyed to keepe a mart there, long since discontinued, and therefore forgotten, so as nothing remaineth for memorie
(Stow). Modern scholars have suggested that it was instead named after the mart, where oxen were fattened for slaughter (Harben).Mark Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Marowe Key
The nameMarowe Key
was in use at least by 1499 (Carlin and Belcher 80). The key was located just south of Petty Wales, between Watergate and Clares Key.Marowe Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Marshalsea is mentioned in the following documents:
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Masons Alley
Other aliases areDuties alley
andSprincle alley
; the site is now home of the Fenchurch Buildings (Carlin and Belcher 80).Masons Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Masons’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Maypole Socket
The Maypole Socket existed at least from 1477 and was destroyed in 1549 as an idol due to its innate association with Paganism.Maypole Socket is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mede Lane
Mede Lane was in existence at least by the early thirteenth century. Also known asSheperds Alley
circa 1543, the street islocated in St. James’ Vintry
andprobably ran south from Thames Street
(Ekwall 109).Mede Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Meg’s Glory is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mercers’ Chapel
Henry A. Harben decribes the Mercers’ Chapel as being locatedGap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] on the north side of Cheapside, at the south-east end of Mercers’ HallGap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] between Ironmonger Lane and Old Jewry
(Harben 404). At one time part of the Hospital of St. Thomas of Acon, the location was obtained by the Mercers following the Dissolution of the Monasteries, allowing the company built their chapel near the site. The structure was destroyed in the Fire of 1666 and rebuilt on the same site thereafter.Mercers’ Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mercers’ Hall
The hall of the Mercers’ Company was located on the north side of Cheapside Street by the Great Conduit.Mercers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchant Taylors’ Almshouses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchant Taylors’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchant Taylors’ School
Merchant Taylors’ School was a grammar school founded by The Merchant Taylors’ Company in 1561. According to Stow, The Merchant Taylors’ Company bought the Manor of the Rose on Suffolk Lane to serve as the building for the school (Stow 1598, sig. N7r). This building was destroyed in the Fire, and a new building was constructed on the same site in 1674–1675.Merchant Taylors’ School is mentioned in the following documents:
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Merchants of the Haunce of Almaineʼs Hall
According to Stow, the Merchants of the Haunce of Almaineʼs Hall was located in Thames Street by Cousin Lane and waslarge, builded of Stone, with three arched Gates towards the street
(Stow 1:234).Merchants of the Haunce of Almaineʼs Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mermaid Inn (Carter Lane)
According to Sugden, the Mermaid Inn was located on the South side of Carter Lane, just north of Addle Hill (Sugden 342). MoEML consulted Taylor and Rocque 12Ca to locate this site on the Agas map.Mermaid Inn (Carter Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mermaid Tavern (Bread Street)
The Mermaid Tavern was a drinking and dining establishment located between lower Bread Street and Friday Street, with entrances to both. Its location corresponds to the place between these two streets on current day London’s Cannon Street (Glinert). John Stow records in his Survey of London that Bread Street was a location ofdiuers faire Innes
and that the area waswholely inhabited by rich Marchants
(Stow 1598, sig. T5r). The Mermaid Tavern was not far from Old Fish Street and the Blackfriars Theatre (Chalfant).Mermaid Tavern (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple
Middle Temple was one of the four Inns of CourtMiddle Temple is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple Gate-house
Part of the Middle Temple complex, repaired by Sir Amias Paulet in the reign of Henry VIII.Middle Temple Gate-house is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple Hall
Within the Middle Temple complex on the west side of Middle Temple Lane.Middle Temple Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Middle Temple Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mile End is mentioned in the following documents:
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Milford Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Milk Street
Milk Street, located in Cripplegate Ward, began on the north side of Cheapside Street, and ran north to a square formed at the intersection of Milk Street, Cat Street (Lothbury), Lad Lane, and Aldermanbury.Milk Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mill Alley (Coleman Street)
The location previously referred to as Mill Alley is now known as Great Bell Alley. Eilert Ekwall contends that the nameMill Alley
simply comes from a nearby mill while Henry Harben contends that the location was namedafter Wm. Mills, who lived there in the 16th century
(Harben 270). Former names includeBell Alley,
Gough Alley,
Goughes Alley,
Myll Alley,
andMyll Aley.
In describing the location, Harben writes,Great Bell Alley extended from Coleman Street across Moorgate to Little Bell Alley and beyond to the eastern boundary of the ward
(Harben 270).Mill Alley (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Miller’s Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Millman Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mincing Lane
Mincing Lane ran north-south from Fenchurch Street to Tower Street. All of the street was part of Tower Street Wardexcept the corner house[s] towardes Fenchurch streete,
which were in Langbourn Ward (Stow). Stow notes that the street was named aftertenements there sometime pertayning to the Minchuns or Nunnes of Saint Helens in Bishopsgate streete
(Stow). Stow also makes a definitive link between the lane and London’s commercial history.Mincing Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Minories Bars
Located on the eastern boundary of Portsoken Ward (Harben 417), the Minories Bars are not featured on the Agas map.Minories Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Minories Street
Running south from Aldgate Street to Little Tower Hill, Minories derives its name from the Abbey of St. Clare, called the Abbey of the Minoresses of St. Clare, which stood at the street’s midpoint (Harben 416).Minories Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mitre Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mitre Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mitre Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Molestrand Dock
The Molestrand Dock was a pier in Southwark located close to the Falcon Inn and was used primarily for passenger ferries. A row of tenement buildings stood near the dock.Molestrand Dock is mentioned in the following documents:
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Monkwell Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Monmouth Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Montague House
Located on the former site of St. Mary Overies Priory Close, Montague House was just north of St. Saviour (Southwark), on the southern bank of the Thames (Questier 1). In 1544/45, Montague House and the buildings surrounding it, which were collectively referred to as Montague Close, were formerly granted to Sir Anthony Browne (Howard and Godfrey). The property’s name originates from Sir Anthony Browne’s eldest son, Anthony, who was given the titleLord Montague
during Mary I’s reign (Questier 1). The Browne family sold Montague House in 1625, however, the property remained a prominent fixture in Southwark until the nineteenth century, when it was demolished (Questier 1).Montague House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Montague Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Monte Jovis Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Montfichet’s Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorditch
Moorditch was the section of the City Ditch outside the Wall, which ran east-west from Bishopsgate to Moorgate (Sugden).Moorditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorfields
A low-lying marshy area just northeast of Moorgate and on the way to the Curtain, Moorfields was home to a surprising range of activities and accompanying cultural associations in early modern London. Beggars and the mentally ill patients of neighbouring Bethlehem Hospital often frequented the area. Some used the public space to bleach and dry linen, and the Honorable Artillery Company also used it as an official training ground. Moorfields was even a popular suburban destination for ice skating when its water froze during the winter. Moorfields was generallyfull of noysome waters
(Stow 2:77) until 1605–1607, when it was successfully drained, levelled, and beautified with tree-lined pedestrian pathways. At this point, it transformed into a fashionable place for the genteel to see and to be seen. The history of Moorfields provides insight into social, political, environmental, and medical issues in early modern London.Moorfields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Moorgate
Moorgate was one of the major gates in the Wall of London (Sugden). It was situated in the northern part of the Wall, flanked by Cripplegate and Bishopsgate. Clearly labelled asMore Gate
on the Agas map, it stood near the intersection of London Wall street and Coleman Street (Sugden; Stow 1598, sig. C6v). It adjoined Bethlehem Hospital, and the road through it led into Finsbury Field (Rocque) and Mallow Field.Moorgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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More Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mount Calvary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mount Godard Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Mountjoy’s Inn (Knightrider Street)
Mountjoy’s Inn, known variously as Monte Jovis Inn or Montjufusyn was, according to Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin,founded by Henry II as a cell to the Hospital de Monte Jovis on the Great St Bernard Pass
(Carlin and Belcher 80). Stow observes that the house wasfair and large
(qtd. in Carlin and Belcher 81).Mountjoy’s Inn (Knightrider Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nettleton Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Neville’s House and Garden
Neville’s House and Garden, known variously asWestmorland Place,
was so called based on its association with Ralph Neville in the fourteenth century. Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin note that the house was also known asNeville’s Inn
and simplyNeville’s House
(Carlin and Belcher 98). Stow describes the location in writing,I reade also of another great house in the west side of Limestreete, hauing a Chappel on the south, and a Garden on the west, then belonging to the Lord Neuill Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…]
(Stow 1:151).Neville’s House and Garden is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Alley
New Alley was a north-south alley in Cornhill Ward and was one of three alleys that were destroyed in the construction of the Royal Exchange, alongside Swan Alley and St. Christopher’s Alley. While the Agas map does not label New Alley, evidence suggests that it did appear in the earlier variation of the map.New Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Canal is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Church Haw
According to Stow, New Church Haw was a graveyard consecrated in 1349 with an adjoining church (Stow 1598, sig. 356). It later became the site of a Carthusian Monastery, and then Charterhouse (Residence).New Church Haw is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Exchange
The construction of the New Exchange in 1608–1609 demonstrated the efficiency of London development under the supervision of Lord Treasurer Sir Robert Cecil, established a significant competitor to John Gresham’s Royal Exchange, and expanded London fashion westward. Nicknamed Britain’s Burse by King James I during a christening entertainment staged by Ben Jonson, the New Exchange became a symbol of commercial strength in a consolidated British kingdom, as well as a new indoor model of shopping that invited more women into the sphere of luxury sales and consumption throughout the seventeenth century.New Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Fashion Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Fish Market
Carlin and Belcher state that in 1206 and 1285, Old Fish Street was perhaps called New Fish Market (Carlin and Belcher 82), but Harben explains the confusion surrounding the site:There are numerous references to
. The coordinates noted on the Agas and modern maps are approximate with consideration of Harben’s description of its location.nova piscaria
the new fishmarket,
in old records, and a few, similar to the above, which seem to refer to a street of this name in the neighbourhood of Old Fish Street. Perhaps some portion of Old Fish Street was so named. But it is not easy to identify it or to locate its position accurately. (Harben 432)New Fish Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Fish Street
New Fish Street (also known in the seventeenth century as Bridge Street) ran north-south from London Bridge at the south to the intersection of Eastcheap, Gracechurch Street, and Little Eastcheap in the north (Harben 432; BHO). At the time, it was the main thoroughfare to London Bridge (Sugden 191). It ran on the boundary between Bridge Within Ward on the west and Billingsgate Ward on the east. It is labelled on the Agas map asNew Fyſhe ſtreate.
Variant spellings includeStreet of London Bridge,
Brigestret,
Brugestret,
andNewfishstrete
(Harben 432; BHO).New Fish Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery.New Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Prison is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Queen Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Rents is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Seld
Also referred to asNew Seldam,
Crownside,
orTamerslide,
New Seld was a building that, according to the 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London, was an edifice locatedin the Mercery in West Cheape Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] under Bow Church. in the Pa-rish of St. Mary de Arcubus in London
(Stow 1633, sig. 2B3r).New Seld is mentioned in the following documents:
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New Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newcastle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate
The gaol at Newgate, a western gate in the Roman Wall of London, was constructed in the twelfth century specifically to detainfellons and trespassors
awaiting trial by royal judges (Durston 470; O’Donnell 25; Stow 1598, sig. C8r). The gradual centralisation of the English criminal justice system meant that by the reign of Elizabeth I, Newgate had become London’s most populated gaol. In the early modern period, incarceration was rarely conceived of as a punishment in itself; rather, gaols like Newgate were more like holding cells, where inmates spent time until their trials or punishments were effected, or their debts were paid off.Newgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newgate Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Newington Butts
For information about the Newington Butts, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on Newington Butts.Newington Butts is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nicholas Lane
Nicholas Lane, or, as Stow called it, St. Nicholas Lane, ran north-south from Lombard Street to Candlewick Street. It was probably named for St. Nicholas Acon, which stood on the lane. Nicholas Lane still survives in modern London, although it is now interrupted by King William Street.Nicholas Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nightingale Lane
Running south from East Smithfield, Nightingale Lane defined a portion of Portsoken Ward’s original eastern boundary (Harben 441–442). Nightingale Lane is not featured on the Agas map.Nightingale Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nine Gardens
The[g]ardens and tenements [were] recorded in Leet [in] 1536 as marking [the] boundary of Tower Liberty
(Carlin and Belcher 81). -
Noble Street
Noble Street ran north-south between Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the south and Silver Street in the north. It isall of Aldersgate street ward
(Stow). On the Agas map, it is labelled asNoble Str.
and is depicted as having a right-hand curve at its north end, perhaps due to an offshoot of the London Wall.Noble Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Northumberland House (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Northumberland House (Crutched Friars Lane)
Northumberland House was a stately home in Crutched Friars Lane, south of Aldgate. It was built by and named after Henry Percy, Earl of Northumberland, in 1455 (Harben). Stow records that by 1598, the house had been abandoned and that the gardens had been turned into one of the first bowling alleys, where all and sundry could bowl and gamble.Northumberland House (Crutched Friars Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Norton Folgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Norton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Nunnery of St. Mary Clerkenwell is mentioned in the following documents:
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Oat Lane
Oat Lane ran east-west, connecting Noble Street in the west to Staining Lane in the east. It is drawn on the Agas map in the correct position and is labelled asOte la.
It was in Aldersgate Ward.Oat Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Offele Alley
Offele Alley was named so in 1553, but it became Corbet Court and was perhaps called Corbet’s Alley at one point—it was named after its owner (Harben 171). Notably,[a] house in Corbet Court was purchased in 1675 to be the parsonage house of St. Peter Cornhill, after the old one burnt down
(Harben 171).Offele Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Bailey
The Old Bailey ran along the outside of the London Wall near Newgate (Stow 1598, sig. U8v). It is labelled on the Agas map asOlde baily.
Old Bailey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Barge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Change is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Cross (Cheapside)
The Old Cross on Cheapside Street had long been demolished by the early modern era, but its memory persised well into the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries via texts like the 1633 edition John Stow’s A Survey of London. The survey of Cheapside Ward recalls that the Old Crossstood and remained at the East end of the Parish Church, called S. Michael in the Corne by Pauls gate, neer to the North end of the Old-Exchange, till the yeere 1390,
when the Old Cross was demolished to make way for the expansion of St. Michael Le Querne (Stow 1633, sig. 2B2v). Culturally, the Old Cross is perhaps best remembered as the place where Walter Stapledon was executed in 1326 (Stow 1633, sig. 2B2v).Old Cross (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street Conduit
Stow locates this conduit for Thames water variously on theporche
of St Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street and in a wall to the north of St. Nicholas Cole Abbey (Stow 1598, sig. U7r; Stow 1598, sig. T8v). The conduit was made of stone and lead and its building was funded by Barnard Randolphfor the ease and com-moditie
of the Fishmongers’ Company and the other inhabitants of Old Fish Street (Stow 1598, sig. T8v). Agas map coordinates are based on location information found in Stow.Old Fish Street Conduit is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Fish Street Hill
Old Fish Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames Street. Stow refers to this street both asold Fishstreete hill
andSaint Mary Mounthaunt Lane.
Old Fish Street Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Jewry
Old Jewry ran north-south between Lothbury and Poultry and was located in Cheap Ward and Coleman Street Ward. The street was named for being one of the places where Jews inhabited in London before Edward I expelled the entire Jewish population from England in 1290 (Harben).Old Jewry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Swan Brewhouse
Three houses east of the cooks’ house Sign of King David. -
Old Swan Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Old Swan Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ormond Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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Oxford House
Standing at London Stone, the site of Oxford House was associated with the temporal governance of the city and the livery from the twelfth until the twentieth century. Originally the dwelling place of London’s first lord mayor, Henry Fitz-Alwine, by Stow’s time this house was known asOxford House
orOxford place by London Stone,
after the Earls of Oxford who dwelt there. The site subsequently housed lord mayors Sir Ambrose Nicholas and Sir John Hart and was eventually purchased by the Salters’ Company to serve as their company hall.Oxford House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Oyster gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Oysterhill
Henry Harben describes Oysterhill as beingin the parish of St. Magnus, adjoining Bridge streetGap in transcription. Reason: […] Probably the lane leading up from the river from Oystergate and Old London Bridge and sometimes itself called
(Harben 454). Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin note that Oysterhill was also known asOystergate
Osterhull
(Carlin and Belcher 82).Oysterhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paddington is mentioned in the following documents:
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Painted Alley
According to Henry Harben, Painted Alley,Peynted Aley
orle peynted aley
are various names that refer to a to a narrow spacein Martlane in [the] parish of All Hallows de Stanyngchirch, 1447
(Harben 473)Painted Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Painted Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Painter Stainers’ Hall
The Painter Stainers’ Hall, also known simply as the Painters’ Hall, was located[o]n the west side of Little Trinity LaneGap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] in Queenhithe ward
(Harben 454). Sometimes referred to as Browne’s House because it was the house of John Brown, Sergeant Painter in the reign of Henry VIII, the space became the hall of the Painter Stainers’ Company following Browne’s death in 1532. The structure stood until it was destroyed in The Great Fire of 1666, but was promptly rebuilt in 1668 (Harben 454).Painter Stainers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Panier Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pardon Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pardon Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pardon Churchyard
Pardon Churchyard was located on the north side of St. Paul’s Cathedral. Several of the structures in the churchyard were pulled down in 1549 and the grounds were used thereafter as a garden by the petty canons (Harben). Persons of note buried in Pardon Churchyard include Thomas More who, according to Stow, was eitherthe first Builder, or a most especiall Benefactor
of the churchyard (Stow 1633, sig. 2H3v).Pardon Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paris Garden Manor House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paris Garden Stairs
Located on the southern bank of the Thames, Paris Garden Stairs provided river access to the Paris Garden Manor House. According to Sugden, a ferry carried passengers between the stairs and Blackfriars (Farringdon Within), which was located across the river (Sugden 391).Paris Garden Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (Barking) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (Honey Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows (Staining) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of All Hallows the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of Christ Church (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of Holy Trinity the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St Anne’s (Westminster) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Alban (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Alphage (London Wall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Andrew (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Andrew (Hubbard) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Andrew (Undershaft) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Andrew by the Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Anne (Blackfrairs) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Anne and St. Agnes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Antholin is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Audoen
According to Stow, the Parish of St. Nicholas, Parish of St. Audoen, and Parish of St. Pulcher were eventually combined into one (Stow 1:319).Parish of St. Audoen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Augustine (Old Change) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Bartholomew by the Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Bartholomew the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Bartholomew the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Benet (Fink) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Benet (Gracechurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Benet (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Benet (Sherehog) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Botolph (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Botolph (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Botolph (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Botolph without Bishopsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Bride is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Christopher le Stocks is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Clement (Eastcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Clement Danes is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Dionis Backchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Dunstan (Stepney) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Dunstan in the East is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Dunstan in the West is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Edmund (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Ethelburga is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Faith Under St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Gabriel (Fenchurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. George (Botolph Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. George (Hannover Square) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. George (Southwark)
The Parish of St. George (Southwark) was located just south of the area depicted on the Agas map. According to John Stow, the Parish of St. George (Southwark) was one of five parishes in Southwark alongside St. Saviour (Southwark), St. Thomas (Southwark), St. Olave (Southwark), and St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey), although modern accounts place the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) outside of the borough of Southwark (Boulton 9). In 1550, Edward VI granted the Corporation of London rights overall waifs and strays, treasure trove, deodand, goods of felons and fugitives and escheats and forfeitures
in the borough of Southwark, which included the Parish of St. George (Southwark) (Malden).Parish of St. George (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Giles (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Giles in the Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Gregory by St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Helen is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. James (Clerkenwell) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. James (Duke’s Place) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. James (Garlickhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. John the Baptist is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. John the Baptist (Wapping) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. John the Evangelist is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. John Zachary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Katherine (Aldgate)
One of the parishes that became part of Holy Trinity Priory in 1108. Its bounds contained the church of St. Katherine, Aldgate.Parish of St. Katherine (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Katherine (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Katherine Cree is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Laurence (Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Laurence (Poultney) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Leonard (Eastcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Leonard (Foster Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Leonard (Shoreditch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Magnus is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Margaret (Lothbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Margaret (New Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Margaret (Westminster) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Margaret Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Margaret Pattens is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin (Ludgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin (Vintry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin Orgar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin Outwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin Pomary is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Martin-in-the-Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Abchurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Aldermanbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Aldermary) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Bothaw) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Colechurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Lambeth) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary (Newington)
The Parish of St. Mary (Newington) began approximately a mile south of London Bridge and is south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Stow 1598, sig. Y5r). St. Mary (Newington) was also referred to asNewington Butts,
a name that is believed to originate from the ancient archery butts that were set up on the fields of the parish (Malden; Lysons). One of the notable sites in the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) was Newington Butts, which was among the earliest playhouses to exist during the golden age of Elizabethan theatre (Johnson 26). While Stow discusses the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) in his Survey of London, it was technically adistant parish,
which lay outside the Corporation of London’s jurisdiction (Boulton 12). As a result, the Parish of St. Mary (Newington) fell under the control of Surrey authorities (Boulton 9).Parish of St. Mary (Newington) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary le Bow is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary le Strand is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate)
Parish containing the St. Mary Magdalen Church.Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey)
The Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) was located to the east of the Parish of St. Olave (Southwark), just outside of the area depicted on the Agas map (Boulton 10-11). According to Stow, the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) was one of five parishes in Southwark alongside St. Saviour (Southwark), St. Thomas Southwark, St. George (Southwark), and St. Olave (Southwark); however, modern accounts place the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) outside of the borough of Southwark (Boulton 9). Jeremy Boulton notes that the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) was technically an outparish, which did not fall under the jurisdiction of the Corporation of London (Boulton 9).Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Milk Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Old Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Mounthaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Rotherhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Somerset is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Spital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Staining is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Whitechapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Woolchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary Woolnoth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mary-at-Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Matthew (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael (Aldgate)
One of the parishes that became part of Holy Trinity Priory in 1108. Its bounds contained the church of St. Michael (Aldgate).Parish of St. Michael (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael (Cornhill)
The Parish of St. Michael (Cornhill) was one of two parishes within Cornhill Ward. Although not much geographical information is known about the Parish of St. Michael (Cornhill), the births, marriages, and deaths of its parishioners were detailed in the parish register, beginning in 1456 (Waterlow xvii). Notable parishioners included Robert Fabian, physician to King Henry VIII, and John Stow. Stow’s mother and father, as well as his grandfather and great grandfather were buried in the churchyard of St. Michael (Cornhill) (Waterlow xx).Parish of St. Michael (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael (Crooked Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael Bassishaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael le Querne is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Michael Paternoster Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mildred (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Mildred (Poultry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Nicholas
According to Stow, the Parish of St. Nicholas, Parish of St. Audoen, and Parish of St. Pulcher were eventually combined into one (Stow 1:319).Parish of St. Nicholas is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Nicholas Acon is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Nicholas Cole Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Nicholas Olave is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Olave (Hart Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Olave (Old Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Olave (Silver Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Olave (Southwark)
The Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) was located on the southern bank of the Thames and to the east of the Parish of St. Saviour (Southwark), running from London Bridge to Bermondsey (Boulton 9). According to John Stow, the Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) was one of five parishes in Southwark alongside St. Saviour (Southwark), St. Thomas Southwark, St. George (Southwark), and St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey), although modern accounts place the Parish of St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) outside the borough of Southwark (Boulton 9). In 1550, Edward VI granted the Corporation of London rights overall waifs and strays, treasure trove, deodand, goods of felons and fugitives and escheats and forfeitures
in the borough of Southwark, which included the Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) (Malden). Stow describes the Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) as an especially large parish that contained many impoverished individuals and aliens (Stow 1598, sig. Z2v).Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Pancras (Soper Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Paul’s (Covent Garden) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Paul’s (Shadwell) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Peter (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Peter (Westcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Peter le Poor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Peter upon Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Pulcher
According to Stow, the Parish of St. Nicholas, Parish of St. Audoen, and Parish of St. Pulcher were eventually combined into one (Stow 1:319).Parish of St. Pulcher is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Saviour (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Sepulchre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Stephen (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Stephen (Walbrook) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Swithin (London Stone) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Thomas Apostle is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Thomas Southwark
The Parish of St. Thomas Southwark was located between the Parish of St. Saviour (Southwark) to the north and the Parish of St. Olave (Southwark) to the south (Boulton 10-11). According to Stow, the Parish of St. Thomas Southwark was one of five parishes in Southwark alongside St. Saviour (Southwark), St. George (Southwark), St. Olave (Southwark), and St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey), although modern accounts place St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) outside of the borough (Boulton 9). In 1550, Edward VI granted the Corporation of London rights overall waifs and strays, treasure trove, deodand, goods of felons and fugitives and escheats and forfeitures
in the borough of Southwark, which included the Parish of St. Thomas Southwark (Malden).Parish of St. Thomas Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of St. Vedast is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of the Blessed Trinity
Made part of the Parish of the Holy Trinity in 1108.Parish of the Blessed Trinity is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of the Holy Trinity
The Parish of the Holy Trinity was located west of Aldgate and north of Leadenhall Street. Stow notes that in 1108 Queen Matilda amalgamatedthe Parishes of S. Marie Magdalen, S. Michael, S. Katherine, and the blessed Trinitie, which now was made but one Parish of the holy Trinitie
(Stow). Before Matilda united these parishes, they were collectively known as the Holy Cross or Holy Roode parish (Stow; Harben).Parish of the Holy Trinity is mentioned in the following documents:
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Parish of the Holy Trinity (Minories) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Passeke’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paternoster Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Bakehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Chain
Paul’s Chain was a street that ran north-south between St Paul’s Churchyard and Paul’s Wharf, crossing over Carter Lane, Knightrider Street, and Thames Street. It was in Castle Baynard Ward. On the Agas map, it is labelledPaules chayne.
The precinct wall around St. Paul’s Church had six gates, one of which was on the south side by Paul’s Chain. It was here that a chain used to be drawn across the carriage-way entrance in order to preserve silence during church services.Paul’s Chain is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Cross Churchyard
Paul’s Cross Churchyard, also known as the Cross Yard, is the area on the northeast side of St. Paul’s Cathedral. It was one of the principal bookselling areas in early modern London.Paul’s Cross Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paul’s Wharf
According to Schofield, Paul’s Wharf is one of the oldest wharfs on the Thames (Schofield 181). Located in both Castle Baynard Ward and Queenhithe Ward, Paul’s Wharf was situated near St. Paul’s Cathedral and St. Benet. Since Paul’s Wharf was only blocks away from St. Paul’s Cathedral, the clergy used the wharf as a point of travel.Paul’s Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Paved Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Peacock Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pembroke’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pentecost Lane
Pentecost Lane ran north from Newgate Street past St. Nicholas Shambles, now Roman Bath Street. Pentecost Lane is not featured on the Agas map.Pentecost Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pepper Alley Stairs
One of the public stairs on the Surrey side of the Thames above London Bridge.Pepper Alley Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Perilous Pond is mentioned in the following documents:
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Peter Key
Tenements on the northern corner of St. Peter’s Hill Lane.Peter Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Petty Cannons
Petty Cannons, also referred to as Cannon Alley, is an alley connecting St. Paul’s Churchyard to Paternoster Row. Its name derives from the canon’s houses that occupied the site (Harben 121).Petty Cannons is mentioned in the following documents:
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Petty France is mentioned in the following documents:
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Petty Wales is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pewterers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philip Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Philpot Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pickering House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pie Corner is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pike Gardens
On the Agas map there are nine rectangular and square pike gardens, or artificial fishponds, located in the liberty of Southwark among the bear and bullbaiting arenas. These nine pike gardens, however, give only an approximate indication of the size, shape, and location of early modern London’s three major aquaculture operations—the Winchester House Pike Garden, the King’s (or Queen’s) Pike Garden, and the Great Pike Garden—each of which dates to the Middle Ages. These fishponds relied on two separate types of holding areas: the vivarium, or breeding pond, and the servatorium, or holding pond. To catch and sort fish, workers drained the shallow ponds through diversion conduits equipped with gates and sluices. Freshwater fish cultivated in estate gardens were considered a luxury dish well into the eighteenth century, especially the pike, an aggressive predator that was admired and feared in Izaak Walton’s 1653 angler guidebook.Pike Gardens is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pinner’s Hall
Pinners’ Hall belonged to the Pinners or Pinmakers’ Company, and itoccupie[d] the site of the east end of the Augustine Friars Church
(Harben 476). However,[i]n the [eighteenth] century a portion of it was fitted up with pulpit and pews and used as an Anabaptist Meeting House
(Harben 476). The site was demolished in 1798 and is[n]ow occupied as offices and business houses
(Harben 476).Pinners’ Hall is not to be confused with Plasterers’ Hall, which was formerly known asPinners Hall
(Harben 477). Said building was described asPynners Hall
in 1556, which was the year it was given to the Plasterers’ Company (Harben 476).Pinner’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pissing Alley (Basing Lane)
Pissing Alley or Pissing Lane ran east-west from the end of Basing Lane to Friday Street. On the Agas map, this location is namedPiſſing La.
By the eighteenth century, this section of the street had been renamed Little Friday Lane. Modern Cannon Street replaced this street (Harben).Pissing Alley (Basing Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pissing Alley (Pasternoster Row) is mentioned in the following documents:
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PLACE OUTSIDE OF LONDON
PLACE OUTSIDE OF LONDON. While this location exists within the boundaries of modern-day Greater London, it lies outside of the early-modern City of London and is beyond MoEML’s current scope.PLACE OUTSIDE OF LONDON is mentioned in the following documents:
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PLACEHOLDER LOCATION
PLACEHOLDER LOCATION ITEM. The purpose of this item is to allow encoders to link to a location item when they cannot add a new location file for some reason. MoEML may still be seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please contact the MoEML team.PLACEHOLDER LOCATION is mentioned in the following documents:
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Plasterers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Plumbers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Poor Jewry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Popcurtleslane
Carlin and Belcher explain that[i]n the [thirteenth] and [fourteenth] century the lane appears to have been longer than in the [fifteenth to sixteenth century], bending W. and then S. again, parallel to Soperlane, and [probably] opening into St. Pancreese Lane
(Carlin and Belcher 84).Popcurtleslane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pope’s Head Alley
Pope’s Head Alley ran south from Cornhill to Lombard Street, and was named for the Pope’s Head Tavern that stood at its northern end. Although it does not appear on the Agas Map, its approximate location can be surmised since all three streets still exist. Although Stow himself does not discuss Pope’s Head Alley directly, his book wasImprinted by Iohn Wolfe, Printer to the honorable Citie of London: And are to be ſold at his ſhop within the Popes head Alley in Lombard ſtreet. 1598
(Stow 1598, sig. A1r). Booksellers proliferated the alley in the early years of the seventeenth century (Sugden 418).Pope’s Head Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pope’s Head Tavern
The Pope’s Head Tavern in Cornhill lay at the north end of Pope’s Head Alley, to which it gave its name. It was a substantial stone building dating back to the reign of Edward IV (Harben 479). The tavern was commonly believed to have once been a King’s Palace, but this belief may have arisen purely out of the fact that its walls carried the arms of England (Sugden 418; Moser 14). It was bequeathed to the Merchant Taylors’ Company in 1615, and they were still drawing rents from the property in the early twentieth century (Sugden 418, Harben 479). The tavern was in use until 1756.Pope’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Popyngay Alley
The alley was named, from 1544, after the Inn of the Abbot of Cirencester, which from 1430 was called The Popyngay; the alley is now Poppins Court (Carlin and Belcher 83).Popyngay Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Popys Alley
Ekwall tells us that the alley wasno doubt
named after Geoffrey Puppe, astockfishmonger Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] mentioned in the will of Idonea Salesbury Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] as her late husband
;Idonea had property in St. Martin Orgar and elsewhere in the ward
(Ekwall 175).Popys Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Port of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Porter’s Hall
Porter’s Hall was a shortlived theatre in Blackfriar’s Precinct. The theatre was opened in 1617 by Phillip Rosseter but closed shortly thereafter upon an order from the Privy Council (Sugden).Porter’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Porter’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Portsoken Ward
Portsoken Ward is east of Tower Street Ward and Aldgate Ward and is located outside the Wall. This ward was once called Knighten Guild, so named because the land which it encompasses was originally given to thirteen knights or soldiers who were the first members of the Knighten Guild, an order of chivalry founded by Edgar the Peaceful for valuable knights in his service. As the OED notes,portsoken
refers tothe district outside a city or borough, over which its jurisdiction extends
(OED portsoken, 1). It follows that this ward, one of the twenty-six wards of London and located outside of the Wall, was later known as Portsoken Ward.Portsoken Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Postern Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Posterngate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Postles Chapel (Christ Church)
Postles Chapel (Christ Church) also known as chapel of the Apostles was a chapel in Christ Church located south of the choir (Nichols). Those of note buried within the chapel include Walter Blount and John Blount (Nichols).Postles Chapel (Christ Church) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Poultry is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pountney’s College and Chapel
Pountney’s College and Chapel was adjoined to the Church of St. Lawrence Pountney; the chapel,erected Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] in honour of Corpus Christi and St. John the Baptist[,]
was built in 1334 by Sir John de Pulteney and on this site,a College Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] for a master and seven chaplains
was also founded (Harben 342). The[p]atronage of the College [was] in the hands of Edmund de la Pole, duke of Suffolk at the time of his attainder, when it passed to the Crown
and it was[d]issolved by [Edward VI] and sold to John Cheke
(Harben 342).Pountney’s College and Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Powlet’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Prestes Alley
The alley[p]robably adjoined the church of St. Mary at Hill
as[i]t is frequently mentioned in the Records of that church Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] and seems to have formed part of the church property
(Harben 486). It is stated that[i]n 1487-1488 three wicket-keys were provided for the entry door in the
(Harben 486).prestes Aleye,
, and a clyket key to the Aleye dorr where the preste dweltPrestes Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Priests’ Chambers
The 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London notes that the Priests’ Chambers were an extension of St. Mildred (Poultry).Priests’ Chambers is mentioned in the following documents:
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Primrose Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Prince’s Arms Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Prince’s Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Prince’s Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Privy Stairs
The Privy Stairs were the rivermen’s stairs on the Thames attached to the king and queen’s apartments at Whitehall for use by the monarchs when they still resided at the palace; river access was necessary as the palace faced the Thames rather than the street (Ivimey 163). The stairs was used primarily by visiting foreign dignitaries and courtiers in order to gain access to the palace without needing to negotiate the streets of London, while a second dock, the Whitehall Stairs, was located downstream and was accessible to the public (Pepys).Privy Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pudding Lane
Pudding Lane is most famously known as the starting point of the Great Fire of 1666. Pudding Lane ran south from Little Eastcheap down to Thames Street, with New Fish Street (Newfyshe Streat) framing it on the west and Botolph Lane on the east. The only intersecting street on Pudding Lane is St. George’s Lane, and the nearby parishes include St. Margaret (New Fish Street), St. Magnus, St. Botolph (Billingsgate), St. George (Botolph Lane), and St. Leonard (Eastcheap). On Ekwall’s map it is labeled asRother (Pudding) Lane
after Stow’s account of the lane’s former title. Pudding Lane is contained within Billingsgate Ward.Pudding Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Puddle Dock Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Puddle Wharf
Puddle Wharf was a water gate along the north bank of the Thames (Stow). Also known as Puddle Dock, it was located in Castle Baynard Ward, down from St. Andrew’s Hill. Puddle Wharf was built in 1294 to serve as the main quay for Blackfriars Monastery. (Weinreb and Hibbert 68, 229). In the early modern period, Puddle Wharf would have been the main landing place for playgoers on their way to the Blackfriars theatre via the river.Puddle Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Pulpit Cross at St. Mary Spital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queenhithe
Queenhithe is one of the oldest havens or harbours for ships along the Thames. Hyd is an Anglo-Saxon word meaninglanding place.
Queenhithe was known in the ninth century as Aetheredes hyd orthe landing place of Aethelred.
Aethelred was the son-in-law of Alfred the Great (the first king to unify England and have any real authority over London), anealdorman
(I.e., alderman) of the former kingdom of Mercia, and ruler of London (Sheppard 70).Queenhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queenhithe Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queenhithe Ward
Queenhithe Ward is located east of Castle Baynard Ward and west of Vintry Ward bordering the north bank of the Thames. It is named after the Queenhithe water-gate (Stow 1633, sig. 2M1r).Queenhithe Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queen’s Head Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queen’s Head Inn (St. Giles) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Queen’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ram Alley
Ram Alley, now known as Hare Place, was a small alley that ran north-south off of Fleet Street, opposite Fetter Lane. Once aconventual sanctury,
Ram Alleydeveloped into a chartered abode of libertinism and roguery
(Beresford 46).Ram Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ram Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ratcliffe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ratten Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion (Shoreditch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Red Lion Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Redcross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Ringed Hall
Ringed Hall has a varied chain of ownership. Carlin and Belcher state that the hall was granted to Rewley Abbey in 1282 by the 2nd Earl of Cornwall and was then let out to tenants (Carlin and Belcher 84). Harben notes that during Edward III’s reign it belonged to Benedict de Folesham, and in 1541 Henry VIII gave the hall to Morgan Philip, alias Wolfe (Harben 504). In today’s London, the hall would sit at the corner of Great St. Thomas Apostle and Queen St. (Harben 504).Ringed Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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River Medway is mentioned in the following documents:
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River Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rochester House
Rochester House was a manor in Southwark that was given to the Bishop of Rochester in the eighth century (Lysons). Rochester House is not to be confused with Bromley Palace or Rochester Palace in the town of Bromley. John Stow notes that, in his time, Rochester House had fallen into a state of ruin (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q3r).Rochester House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rodd Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rolls Chapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Romeland is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rose Alley
Rose Alley was in Farringdon Within Ward between Newgate Street and Paul’s Cross Churchyard (Ekwall). Though referred to since the eighteenth century asRose Street,
it was previously known asRose Alley
(Harben).Rose Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rose Inn (Holborn Bridge) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rose Inn (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Rotherhithe
Rotherhithe, also known as Redriff, was a neighbourhoodon the Surrey side of the Thames, between Bermondsey and Deptford
(Sugden). Rotherhithe is famous for being the home of the first docks in London, which fostered a bustling commercial scene in the area (Walford).Rotherhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Royal Exchange
Located in Broad Street Ward and Cornhill Ward, the Royal Exchange was opened in 1570 to make business more convenient for merchants and tradesmen (Harben 512). The construction of the Royal Exchange was largely funded by Sir Thomas Gresham (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 718).Royal Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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Royal Mews
The Royal Mews was a royal horse stable at Charing Cross at the west end of the Strand. According to Stow, The Royal Mews dates back to the reign of Richard II. It was originally a site for storing falcons, and it burned down in 1534 but was reconstructed and active by Stow’s time (Stow 1598, sig. 2B2r).Royal Mews is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sabbis Key
In 1516, the earliest mention of this site, it is said that John Sabbe constructed a dock and stairs into the Thames at his wharf called Sabbis Key (Harben 514). It is also stated that the key was[m]ade one of the Legal Quays by [an] Act of Parliament [in] 1559
(Harben 515). In today’s London, Custom House resides on the site (Harben 515).Sabbis Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sabb’s Dock is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saddlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saffron Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury Court
According to Stow, the Salisbury Court was the temporary lodging house of the Bishops of Salisbury when called to London for various administrative duties (Stow 322).Salisbury Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury Court Theatre
Salisbury Court Theatre was a private indoor theatre owned by Richard Gunnell and William Blagrove. According to Weinreb, the theatre was built in 1629 and was destroyed in the Great Fire (Weinreb 819).Salisbury Court Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salisbury House
According to Stow, the Salisbury House was the temporary lodging house of the Bishops of Salisbury when called to London for various administrative duties (Stow 322).Salisbury House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salt Wharf (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Salters’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saracen’s Head (Carter Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saracen’s Head (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saracen’s Head (Gracechurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Saracen’s Head (Newgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Savoy Hospital
Savoy Hospital was located along the Strand in Westminster. Henry VII founded the hospital in 1505 (Slack 229–30). Stow writes that the hospital wasfor the reliefe of one hundreth poore people
(Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r). The hospital was suppressed by Edward VI and reendowed by Mary I. Savoy Hospital was finally dissolved in 1702, while its St. John the Baptist’s Chapel remains (Sugden 452).Savoy Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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Savoy Manor
Located along the Strand in Westminster, Savoy Manor was initially the residence of Peter II of Savoy. The manor was destroyed in the 1381 Peasants’ Revolt, and the site was converted into Savoy Hospital in 1505 by Henry VII.Savoy Manor is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scaffold on Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scalding Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scotland Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Scroop’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Seacoal Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Seething Lane
Seething Lane ran north-south from the junction of Hart Street and Crutch Fryers through to Tower Street. The lane, in Tower Street Ward, was marked by a church at each end; on the northwest corner stood St. Olave, Hart Street and on the southeast corner was All Hallows Barking. Stow describes the lane as one withdiuers fayre and large houses
(Stow).Seething Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sempringham Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Serjeants’ Inn (Chancery Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Serjeants’ Inn (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sermon Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sernes Tower
Sernes Tower was located in Cheap Ward on the north side of Bucklersbery (Harben). The tower changed hands several times. It was built in 1305 by William Servat to serve as his residence (Harben). Sometime between 1317 and 1318, the tower wasgranted for life
to Isabella of France and was most likely owned by Philippa of Hainault by 1338 (Carlin and Belcher). In 1344, Edward III made the tower into theKing’s Exchange
for gold and silver and, finally, gave it as a gift to St. Stephen’s, Westminster Palace in the thirty second year of his reign (Carlin and Belcher; Harben; Stow 1633, sig. F6v). The tower was destroyed during Stow’s lifetime (Carlin and Belcher Servat’s Tower).Sernes Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Service Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sessions Hall
The Sessions Hall was located inside the Sessions House. According to Stow, the mayor and sheriffs of London kept their sessions in this hall,both for the cittie of London and shire of Middlesex
(Stow 1598, sig. X6r).Sessions Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sessions House
Located on Old Bailey near Newgate, the Sessions House served as the meeting place for the Chamberlain of London’s court. The mayor and justices of the City also kept sessions in the building’s Sessions Hall (Stow 1598, sig. X6r). While the Sessions House was destroyed in the Great Fire of London, it was rebuilt in 1673 (The Proceedings of the Old Bailey,History of The Old Bailey Courthouse
).The courthouse is located in the center of the Agas Map, though it is not labelled. It is also depicted on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings), where it is labelledSessions H..
Sessions House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sewersditch
Sewersditch is a heteronym for Shoreditch, the drainage ditch that gave its name to the marshy neighbourhood of Shoreditch. The ditch was built over by the early modern period, but was known to Stow, who mentions it in his Survey.Sewersditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shaft Alley
Shaft Alley was near the northwest corner of Leadenhall Street and St. Mary Axe Street in Lime Street Ward. During the eighteenth century, the alley was directly opposite East India House. Stow says that the name for the alley came from a maypolelaid [on iron hooks] along ouer the doores, and vnder the Pentises of one rowe of houses, and Alley gate, called of the shaft
(Stow). As an eyewitness, Stow recounts that the alley retained its name long after the maypole was sawn into pieces and burnt following a particularly powerful sermon given at St. Paul’s Cross by Stephen, curate of St. Katherine Cree.Shaft Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sheen’s House
Sheen’s House, or Richmond Palace, was a royal residence in Richmond since the time of Henry I. It provided suitable hunting conditions and was frequented as a winter residence by Elizabeth I, who regularly had plays performed at the palace (Cloake).Sheen’s House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sherborne Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shipwrights’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shire Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shoe Lane
Shoe Lane, or Shoe Alley as it was sometimes called in the sixteenth century (Ekwall 110), was outside the city wall, in the ward of Faringdon Without. It ran north-south, parallel to the course of the Fleet River. Until 1869, it was the main route between Holborn (Oldborne, in Stow’s spelling) and Fleet Street (Smith 190). At its north end, on the west side, was the church of St. Andrew Holborn.Shoe Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shoemaker Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shoreditch
A suburban neighbourhood located just north of Moorfields and outside Londonʼs City Wall, Shoreditch was a focal point of early modern theatrical culture. Following a boom in Londonʼs population from 1550 to 1600, the neighbourhood became a prime target for development. The building of the Theatre in 1576 and the Curtain in the following year established Shoreditchʼs reputation as Londonʼs premier entertainment district, and the neigbourhood also featured a growing number of taverns, alehouses, and brothels. These latter establishments were often frequented by local players, of whom many prominent members were buried on the grounds of nearby St. Leonardʼs Church. Today, Shoreditch faces the potential revival of its early modern theatrical culture through the efforts of the Museum of London Archaeology and the Tower Hamlets Theatre Company.Shoreditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Shoreditch Street
Shoreditch Street, also called Sewersditch, was a continuation of Bishopsgate Street, passing northward from Norton Folgate to the small town of Shoreditch, a suburb of London in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, for which the road was likely named. Shoreditch first appears in manuscripts in 1148 as Scoreditch, meaningditch of Sceorf [or Scorre]
(Weinreb and Hibbert 807).Shoreditch Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sign of King David
A cooks’ house three houses west of the Old Swan Brewhouse.Sign of King David is mentioned in the following documents:
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Silver Street
Silver Street was a small but historically significant street that ran east-west, emerging out of Noble Street in the west and merging into Addle Street in the east. Monkwell Street (labelledMuggle St.
on the Agas map) lay to the north of Silver Street and seems to have marked its westernmost point, and Little Wood Street, also to the north, marked its easternmost point. Silver Street ran through Cripplegate Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. It is labelled asSyluer Str.
on the Agas map and is drawn correctly. Perhaps the most noteworthy historical fact about Silver Street is that it was the location of one of the houses in which William Shakespeare dwelled during his time in London.Silver Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sion Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Six Clerks’ Office
The Six Clerks’ Office was located[o]n the west side of Chancery Lane, south of Carey Street, outside the City Boundary, opposite the Rolls
(Harben 534). The office was formerly the Inn of the Prior of Nocton, but around the time that it was reconstructed in 1539, it was known asHarflete Inn
orHarflu Inn.
Six Clerks’ Office is mentioned in the following documents:
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Skinners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Skinner’s Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smallbridge Lane
Running east-west from Shoe Lane to the Fleet, Smallbridge Lane delineated the southern border of Blackfriars (Holborn) (Holder 19). It is not featured on the Agas map.Smallbridge Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smart’s Key
One of the Legal Quays, Smart’s Key was primarily involved in the trade of fish. Named after its original owner, a Master Smart, the key eventually came into the possession of London’s fraternity of cordwainers. It is perhaps most notorious for being the location of an alehouse that in 1585 was converted by a man named Wotton into a training ground for aspiring cut-purses and pickpockets. The key was an important landing place for merchant vessels throughout the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.Smart’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smithfield
Smithfield was an open, grassy area located outside the Wall. Because of its location close to the city centre, Smithfield was used as a site for markets, tournaments, and public executions. From 1123 to 1855, the Bartholomew’s Fair took place at Smithfield (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 842).Smithfield is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smithfield Bars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Smithfield Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Snow Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Soke of the Archbishop of Canterbury
A soke belonging to the Archbishop of Canterbury. Stow locates this building near the Blackfriars, although its exact location is not known.Soke of the Archbishop of Canterbury is mentioned in the following documents:
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Somar’s Key is mentioned in the following documents:
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Somerset House
Somerset House (labelled asSomerſet Palace
on the Agas map) was a significant site for royalty in early modern London. Erected in 1550 on the Strand between Ivy Bridge Lane and Strand Lane, it was built for Lord Protector Somerset and was was England’s first Renaissance palace.Somerset House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Soper Lane
Soper Lane was located in the Cordwainers Street Ward just west of Walbrook Street and south of Cheapside Street. Soper Lane was home to many of the soap makers and shoemakers of the city (Stow 1:251). Soper Lane was on the processional route for the lord mayor’s shows.Soper Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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South Wall of St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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Southampton House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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Southwark Counter is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spinilas Pleasure is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spitalfields
Spitalfields was a large area of open fields east of Bishopsgate Street and a good distance north of Aldgate and Houndsditch. Spitalfields, also recorded asSpittlefields
andLollesworth,
is unmistakable on the Agas map. The large expanse of fields is clearly markedThe Spitel Fyeld.
There have been many relics unearthed during archeological excavations in Spitalfields.Spitalfields is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spittle Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spread Eagle Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Spur Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St Helen’s Gate
The gate sat on the common way leading to Crosby Hall;there seem also to have been gates from St. Helen’s into St. Mary Axe
(Harben 297).St Helen’s Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Alban (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Alphage
Harben notes that St. Alphage was originally on the north side of the Wall near Cripplegate (Harben). However, the Parish of St. Alphage (London Wall) must have straddled the Wall, because both Stow and Harben note that parts of the Parish of St. Alphage (London Wall) on the south side of the Wall were given over for the construction of the Hospital of St. Mary within Cripplegate in 1329 (Stow 1598, sig. Q5v). After Henry VIII’s 1531 dissolution of the Hospital of St. Mary within Cripplegate, part of that hospital on the south side of the Wall was given to St. Alphage (Stow 1598, sig. Q5v). The church then moved there, presumably along Gayspur Lane, which according to Stow was the street of the Hospital of St. Mary. The church on the north side of the Wall was demolished, and the site became a carpenter’s yard (Stow 1598, sig. Q5v).St. Alphage is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew by the Wardrobe is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Holborn
St. Andrew Holborn was a parish church in Farringdon Without Ward, located on Holborn street between Fetter Lane and Shoe Lane. It is located on the Agas map and is labelled asS. Andrews.
According to Stow, there was a grammar school, as well a monument dedicated to Lord Thomas Wriothesley either within or nearby St. Andrew Holborn. The church was first mentioned in Charter of King Edgar in 951. This medieval church was rebuilt in 1632 and managed to escape damage caused by the Great Fire. Christopher Wren rebuilt the church in 1684 making itthe largest of his parish churches, measuring 32 by 19 meters and costing £9,000
(Weinreb and Hibbert 741).St. Andrew Holborn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Hubbard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew Undershaft
St. Andrew Undershaft stands at the southeast corner of St. Mary Axe Street in Aldgate Ward.The church of St. Andrew Undershaft is the final resting place of John Stow.St. Andrew Undershaft is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Andrew’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne and St. Agnes is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne Blackfriars is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne’s Alley
St. Anne’s Alley ran north out of St. Anne’s Lane to Noble Street, passing from the church of St. Anne and St. Agnes to its churchyard (Harben). It now existsmerely [as] a pathway through the churchyard to the church
(Harben). St. Anne’s Alley, according to Sugden, might have been a part of St. Anne’s Lane, forming one long lanebetween St. Martin’s and Noble St
(Sugden). Because Harben and Stow treat these two places as distinct, we have followed their lead in our own gazetteer (Harben; Stow 1598, sig. K2v).St. Anne’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anne’s Lane
St. Anne’s Lane ran east-west from Foster Lane to St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand). It was named after the Church of St. Anne and St. Agnes and is also called Pope Lane by Stow,so called of one Pope that was owner therof
(Stow 1598, sig. K2v, K4r). According to Sugden, St. Anne’s Lane might have included St. Anne’s Alley as well, forming one long lanebetween St. Martin’s and Noble St
(Sugden). Because Harben and Stow treat these two places as distinct, we have followed their lead in our own gazetteer (Harben; Stow 1598, sig. K2v).St. Anne’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Antholin is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anthony’s Churchyard
St. Anthony’s Churchyard lies directly to the northwest of St. Anthony’s Hospital.St. Anthony’s Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Anthony’s Hospital
St. Anthony’s Hospital was associated with the Parish of St. Benet (Fink) and was on the opposite side of Threadneedle Street from the church of the parish, St. Benet Fink. According to Stow, Henry III granted the construction of a synagogue in this space. The building was constructed for that purpose in 1231, but, as Stow writes,the christians obtayned of the king that it should be dedicated to our blessed Lady, and since an Hospital being there builded, was called S. Anthonies in London
(Stow 1598, sig. K8v). The hospital consisted of a church, almsnouse, and school.St. Anthony’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Audoen
Harben notes St. Audoen sits at the north corner of Warwick Lane, in Farringdon Ward Within (Harben).St. Audoen is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine (Watling Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine Inn
Located between St. Olave (Southwark) and the Bridge House, St. Augustine Inn was the London residence for the Abbot of St. Augustine from the thirteenth century until the Dissolution of the Monasteries (Malden). St. Augustine Inn became the property of the St. Leger family and was divided into multiple tenements. Thereafter, the property came to be known as Sentlegar House or St. Legar House (Rendle 267). St. Augustine Inn is located within the boundaries of the Agas map, though it is not labelled.St. Augustine Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine Papey
St Augustine Papey was a church on the south side of the city wall and opposite the north end of St. Mary Axe Street. The church dated from the twelfth century and in 1442 a fraternity of brothers was installed (Harben). The church and brotherhood were suppressed during the Reformation and Stow tells us the church was pulled down and houses built on the site (Stow).St. Augustine Papey is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Augustine’s Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew by the Exchange is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew the Great
St. Bartholomew the Great was a church in Farringdon Without Ward on the south side of Long Lane, Smithfield. It was made a parish church at the Dissolution of the Monasteries and was declared a gift to the citizens of Londonfor relieving of the Poore
in 1546 (Stow 1633, sig. 2N5r). Under Mary I, the site and building were given to the Dominican order to be used as Blackfriars, St. Bartholomew’s before being restored under Elizabeth I.St. Bartholomew the Great is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew the Less
St. Bartholomew the Less, formerly the chapel of Saint Bartholomew’s Hospital, was refounded as a parish church in 1547. It has been on its present site in Smithfield since 1184. John Lyly and Thomas Bodley are buried in the church.St. Bartholomew the Less is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartholomew’s Hospital
According to Stow, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital was located on the west side of Smithfield in Farringdon Without Ward. Originally a religious hospital, it was founded by its first prior, Rahere, in 1102 (Stow 1598, sig. X1r). It was dissolved under Henry VIII and reendowed and granted to the City of London in 1544 as a part of the civic hospital system.St. Bartholomew’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bartolomew’s Priory
A priory of Augustinian canons once encompassing St. Bartholomew the Great, St. Bartholomew the Less, and St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. Dissolved by Henry VIII.St. Bartolomew’s Priory is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Fink is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Gracechurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Benet Sherehog is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Aldersgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Aldgate)
St. Botolph, Aldgate was a parish church near Aldgate at the junction of Aldgate Street and Houndsditch. It was located in Portsoken Ward on the north side of Aldgate Street. Stow notes that theChurch hath beene lately new builded at the speciall charges of the Priors of the holy Trinitie
before the Priory was dissolved in 1531 (Stow).St. Botolph (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph (Billingsgate)
St. Botolph’s Billingsgate Church was located on the southwest corner of the intersection of Botolph Lane and Thames Street in Billingsgate Ward. It is not labelled on the Agas map. It was one of the four London churches named after the seventh-century Anglo-Saxon monk, St. Botolph, who was the abbot of Iken, Suffolk. Over fifty churches in England were named after Botolph. According to Stow, the church of St. Botolph’s once contained many beautiful monuments, but, even by his time, the monuments were gone, destroyed, or defaced (Stow 1598, sig. M1v).St. Botolph (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Botolph without Bishopsgate
St. Botolph without Bishopsgate stood on the west side of Bishopsgate Street north of Bishopsgate. It was in Bishopsgate Ward. St. Botolph without Bishopsgate is featured on the Agas map, south of Bethlehem Hospital and west of Houndsditch Street. It is labelledS. Buttolphes.
St. Botolph without Bishopsgate is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Bride is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Christopher le Stocks
St. Christopher le Stocks was originally built on Threadneedle Street on the banks of Walbrook before 1225, andwas dedicated to the patron saint of watermen
(Weinreb and Hibbert 751). The church has been known by many names, which includeSt. Christopher upon Cornhull,
St. Christopher in Bradestrete,
andSt. Christopher near le Shambles
(Harben; BHO). Since the fourteenth century, the church has been known as some variant of St. Christopher le Stocks, which derives from its proximity to the Stocks Market. The church is not labelled, but is identifiable, on the Agas map.St. Christopher le Stocks is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Christopher’s Alley
There may have been two alleys known as St. Christopher’s Alley in early modern London. The alley with this name on the south side of Threadneedle Street was destroyed to make way for the Royal Exchange, which opened in 1571.St. Christopher’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clement Danes is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clement, Eastcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Clements Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dionis Backchurch
St. Dionis Backchurch was located on the southwest side of Lime Street on the border between Langbourn Ward and Billingsgate Ward (Stow 1633, sig. V1r-V1v). The church is dedicated to the patron saint of France, St. Denys or Dionysius, which, as Harben notes,is the only church in the City with this dedication, and suggests the French influence which prevailed in England during the 11th and 12th centuries
(Harben). The church was built in the reign of Henry VI and rebuilt following its destruction in the Great Fire (Harben).St. Dionis Backchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan in the East is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan in the West is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan’s (Stepney)
East of the Spital Fields, also known as Stebanheath.St. Dunstan’s (Stepney) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Dunstan’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Edmund (Lombard Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Ethelburga
St. Ethelburga was a church on the east side of Bishopsgate Street, south of Bishopsgate and east of St. Mary Axe. The church was in Bishopsgate Ward. St. Ethelburga, described by Stow as asmall Parish Church
(Stow), is located on the Agas map northwest ofS. Elen
and immediately east of thegate
in theBusshopp gate Streate
label.St. Ethelburga is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Faith Under St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Foster is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Gabriel Fenchurch
The church is visible on the Agas map along Fenchurch Street. Before the sixteenth century, St. Gabriel Fenchurch was known as St. Mary Fenchurch. After being burnt in the Fire, it was not rebuilt (Carlin and Belcher).St. Gabriel Fenchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George (Botolph Lane)
St. George (Botolph Lane) was a church on Botolph Lane in Billingsgate Ward. The church dates back at least to 1193 (Carlin and Belcher). It was destroyed in the Great Fire, then rebuilt by 1674, and finally demolished in 1904 (Harben).St. George (Botolph Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George Fields
Located in Southwark, St. George Fields was a popular open space for public gatherings. The fields provided the space for the welcoming of such guests as Catherine of Aragon and Charles II (Sugden).St. George Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George Southwark
St. George Southwark was located adjacent to Suffolk House, just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Stow 1598, sig. Y8r). While there is no mention of the church in the 1086 Domesday Book, Stow notes that St. George Southwark was gifted to the Bermondsey Abbey by Thomas Arden and his son in 1122 (Stow 1598, sig. Y8v). As a result, St. George Southwark was probably constructed at the beginning of the twelfth century (Darlington).St. George Southwark is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George’s Lane (Billingsgate)
St. George Lane (Billingsgate) ran east-west between Botolph Lane and Pudding Lane. It is labelled on the Agas map asS. georg la..
St. George’s Lane (Billingsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. George’s Lane (Newgate)
St. George’s Lane (Newgate) was just outside the London Wall and near Newgate. In Stow’s account, St. George’s Lane (Newgate) runs west from Old Bailey and becomes Fleet Lane at the intersection with Seacoal Lane. This division of the thoroughfare is not depicted on the Agas map, which labels the whole thoroughfare asFlete.
St. George’s Lane (Newgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles (Cripplegate)
For information about St. Giles, Cripplegate, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on St. Giles, Cripplegate.St. Giles (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles Churchyard (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles High Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles in the Fields
St. Giles in the Fields was a hospital and parish church. It is marked near the western edge of the Agas map with the labelS. Gyles in the Fyeld.
According to Stow, St. Giles in the Fields was founded as a leprosy house by Matilda of Scotland during the reign of Henry I. The hospital was eventually suppressed by Henry VIII (Stow 1598, sig. 2D6v).St. Giles in the Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Giles Vicarage (Cripplegate)
According to Stow, St. Giles Vicarage, Cripplegate was within the Parish of St. Giles (Cripplegate) and stood on the site of the original St. Giles (Cripplegate). It is not marked on the Agas map. Our Agas coordinates are based on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).St. Giles Vicarage (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Gregory by St. Paul’s is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Helen’s (Bishopsgate)
St. Helen’s was a priory of Benedictine nuns located in Bishopsgate Ward between St. Mary Axe Street and Bishopsgate Street. St. Helen’s is visible on the Agas map with the labelS. Elen
written in the churchyard. Stow and Harben inform us that the priory was set up in 1212 by William Basing, the dean of St. Paul’s Cathedral (Stow; Harben).St. Helen’s (Bishopsgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James (Clerkenwell)
St. James, Clerkenwell was founded in 1100 (Sugden 281). It is marked on the Agas map asClarken Well.
St. James (Clerkenwell) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James Duke’s Place
According to Stow, St. James Duke’s Place was built on the grounds of Duke’s Place, which was converted from the Holy Trinity Priory after the priory’s dissolution in 1531.The 1633 edition of Stow recounts the reconstruction of a church upon the ruins of the priory alongside Duke’s Place. Approval for this reconstruction was granted by James I. The inscription indicates the church’s dedication to both James I and St. James, hence the nameSt. James Duke’s Place
(Stow 1633, sig. O1v-O3r).The buildings on the site were destroyed in the Great Fire and then rebuilt (Sugden 281). The church was active until 1874 (Sugden 281).St. James Duke’s Place is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James Garlickhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James in the Wall Hermitage is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James Park is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James’s (Westminster) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. James’s Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John the Baptist (Walbrook) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John the Baptist’s Chapel of the Savoy
St. John the Baptist’s Chapel of the Savoy was built by 1515 as one of three chapels of the Savoy Hospital (Queen’s Chapel of the Savoy,History
). Of the Savoy Hospital’s three chapels, it is the only one still standing and is now known as the Queen’s Chapel of the Savoy (Queen’s Chapel of the Savoy,History
).St. John the Baptist’s Chapel of the Savoy is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John the Evangelist is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John Zachary is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John’s Chapel in the Tower
St. John’s Chapel in the Tower was located in the White Tower. The chapel served as a place of worship forthe Constable and officers of the Tower
and was also used on State occasions (Harben). In 1512, the chapel was damaged in a fire (Stow 1633, sig. F4r).St. John’s Chapel in the Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John’s Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John’s Fields
St. John’s Fields were located near St. John’s of Jerusalem and were likely owned by the priory (Wikipedia). Stow describes the fields as the site where Edward IV was elected king in 1460 (Stow 1633, sig. F6r).St. John’s Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. John’s of Jerusalem
St. John’s of Jerusalem provided housing and care for pilgrims and crusading knights. It was held by the Knights Hospitallers and dissolved in the reign of Henry VIII (Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r).St. John’s of Jerusalem is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine (Holy Trinity)
St. Katherine, Aldgate was an old parish church absorbed by Holy Trinity Priory in 1108. It should not be confused with St. Katherine Cree or St. Katherine Coleman.St. Katherine (Holy Trinity) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Coleman
St. Katherine Coleman was also called St. Katherine and All Saints and All Hallows Coleman Church (Harben). The church can be found on the Agas map, west of Northumberland House. It is labelled S. Katerin colmans.St. Katherine Coleman is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Cree
Not to be confused with St. Katherine Church, St. Katherine Cree was an old parish church in Aldgate Ward located on the north side of Leadenhall Street between Aldgate and St. Mary Axe. Stow reports that the church was so old that one had to descend seven steps to enter it. He also adds that the church’s steeple and bell tower, built in 1504, were the most recent additions (Stow). St. Katherine Cree is also known by the names St. Katherine and the Blessed Trinity and St. Katherine Christ Church. The Church is drawn on the Agas map on the north side of Leadenhall Street, south of Holy Trinity Priory and east of the well in Aldgate Street. It has no label accompanying it.St. Katherine Cree is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine Steps is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s by the Tower
Founded by the Royal Foundation of St. Katherine, St. Katherine’s by the Tower was both a hospital and a church. Its surrounding land became the St. Katherine’s by the Tower precinct which, according to Weinreb, was a precinct independent of Aldgate Ward (Weinreb 720, 778).St. Katherine’s by the Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s by the Tower (Precinct) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s Dock is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s Hermitage is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s Hospital
St. Katherine’s Hospital was a religious hospital founded in 1148. According to Stow, the hospital was founded by Queen Matilda. The hospital, the grounds of which contained a church, gardens, orchards, and residences, was at the southern end of St. Katherine’s Lane and north of the St. Katherine Steps, all of which is east of the Tower of London. Stow praised the choir of the hospital, noting how itwas not much inferior to that of [St.] Paules [Cathedral]
(Stow).St. Katherine’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Katherine’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence (Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Lane (Guildhall)
In early modern London, there were two Laurence Lanes: St. Lawrence Poultney Lane, which served as the boundary between Downgate Ward and Candlewick Ward, and St. Laurence Lane, Guildhall which was in Cheap ward (Harben). The latter Laurence Lane, to which this page refers, held great importance in the procession of mayoral pageants. It ran north-south, connecting Cheapside at the south and Cateaton Street (labelled on the Agas map asKetton St.
) in the north. It ran parallel between Milk Street to the west and Ironmonger Lane to the east. It is drawn correctly on the Agas map and is labelled asS. Laurence lane.
St. Laurence Lane (Guildhall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Poultney is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Poultney Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Laurence Poultney Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Leonard (Eastcheap) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Leonard (Foster Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Leonard (Shoreditch)
St. Leonard’s church—also known asThe Actors’ church
—is the burial place of many prominent early modern actors. The Burbages (James Burbage and his sons Richard Burbage and Cuthbert Burbage), Richard Cowley, William Sly, and many others are buried there (ShaLT).St. Leonard (Shoreditch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Magnus
The church of St. Magnus the Martyr, believed to be founded some time in the eleventh century, was on the south side of Thames Street just north of London Bridge. According to Stow, in its churchyardhaue béene buried many men of good worſhip, whoſe monumentes are now for the moſt part vtterly defaced,
including John Michell, mayor of London in the first part of the fifteenth century (Stow 1598, sig. M4r). The church was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, and rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren (Wikipedia).St. Magnus is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (Lothbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (New Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (Southwark)
St. Margaret (Southwark) was a church in Southwark. The church was absorbed into the Parish of St. Saviour (Southwark) during the Dissolution of the Monasteries (Howard and Godfrey). Stow also recalls this absorption (Stow 1598, sig. 2D6r). By Stow’s time, the site would hold the Southwark Counter (Stow 1598, sig. Y5v, Y7v). The church is not on the Agas map but would be just to the south of the map’s southernmost edge.St. Margaret (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret (Westminster) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret Moses is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Margaret Pattens is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin (Ludgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin (Vintry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Orgar
The church of St. Martin Orgar, named for Dean Orgar who gave the church to the canons, has been wrongly located by the maker of the Agas map. The church is drawn in Bridge Ward Within, south of Crooked Lane and west of New Fish Street on St. Michael’s Lane. However, the church was actually located one block northwest in Candlewick Street Ward, on the east side of St. Martin’s Lane just south of Candlewick Street.St. Martin Orgar is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Outwich is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin Pomary is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin-in-the-Fields is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s Lane (Bridge Within Ward)
St Martin’s Lane (Bridge Within Ward) ran north-south from the boundary between Candlewick Street and Eastcheap to Thames Street and was located at the western edge of Bridge Within Ward at its boundary with Candlewick Street Ward. The street takes its name from St. Martin Orgar, located on its eastern side. It is labelledS. Martines la.
on the Agas map.St. Martin’s Lane (Bridge Within Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand)
St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand) ran north-south between St. Anne’s Lane and Cheapside Street and was located at the western edge of Aldersgate Ward. The street takes its name from the church of St. Martin’s le Grand located to the east of the street. This portion of the Agas map is labelledS. Martins
referring to either or both the church and the street. This street is not to be confused with St. Martin’s Lane (Strand) or St. Martin’s Lane (Bridge Within Ward).St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s Lane (Strand)
St. Martin’s Lane (Strand) was located in Westminster and ran north-south between Tottenham Ct. Road and the westernmost end of the Strand by Charing Cross. It is not to be confused with St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand) or St. Martin’s Lane (Bridge Within Ward).St. Martin’s Lane (Strand) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Martin’s le Grand is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Abchurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Aldermanbury) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Colechurch)
St. Mary (Colechurch), according to the 1520 map, was located at the intersection of Poultry and Old Jewry (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). Stow locates the church a little further east on Poultry at the south end of Conyhope Lane, a reference, perhaps, to the chapel by the same name identified on the map (Stow 1633, sig. 2A6r; A Map of Tudor London, 1520). St. Mary (Colechurch) does not appear on the Agas map; thus, we have added this location on the authority of Stow and the 1520 map and the location coordinates on the authority of the map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).St. Mary (Colechurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Islington)
St. Mary, Islington is the parish church that gave its name to what is now the Borough of Islington. It is located to the north of the area that is accurately depicted on the Agas map, in the neighbourhood to which St. John’s Street leads. If it appears on the Agas map at all (which is unlikely), we would locate it somewhere in the village at the end of St. John’s Street, but this portion of the map is more of a landscape than a map of Islington.St. Mary (Islington) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Lambeth) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary (Newington)
St. Mary (Newington) was a church dedicated to The Virgin Mary located on the west side of the Parish of St. Mary (Newington), just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Noorthouck). Ida Darlington notes that the earliest mention of St. Mary (Newington) occurs in the Liber Feodorum orBook of Fees,
which mentions thatRoger de Susexx held the church of Niwetun of the gift of the Archbishop
in 1212. While very little is known about St. Mary (Newington) prior to the thirteenth century, a comprehensive record of the church’s rectors exists from 1212 onwards (Darlington).St. Mary (Newington) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Aldermary is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary at Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary at Hill Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Axe
The church of St. Mary Axe was a church on the west side of St. Mary Axe Street in Lime Street Ward. Stow asserts the church’s full name and dedication wasS. Marie the virgine, Saint Vrsula, and the 11000. Virgins
and believed that its common name, St. Mary Axe, derived from a sign near the church’s east side (Stow). However, a document written during the reign of Henry VIII suggests a different history of its name. The church, dedicated to 11,000 martyred virgins, supposedly contained the three axes that were used in their executions (Harben).St. Mary Axe is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Axe Street
St. Mary Axe ran north-south from the church of St. Augustine Papey to Leadenhall Street. Stow remarks that the east side of the street belonged to Aldgate Ward, while the west side lay within the boundary of Lime Street Ward (Stow). It was named after the church of St. Mary Axe, located near the northwest corner of the street.St. Mary Axe Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Bothaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary de Barking
A chapel located just north of All Hallows Barking. Stow states that the chapel was founded by Richard I and notes thatsome haue written that his heart was buried there vnder the high altar
(Stow 130).St. Mary de Barking is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch)
According to Stow, St. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch) was founded by Robert Denton in 1371. Stow writes that it was suppressed under either Edward III or Henry V (Stow 1598, sig. H3v). Elsewhere in the 1598 Survey, Stow mentions that after the hospital’s suppression, the location was given to St. Katherine’s Hospital (Stow 1598, sig. 2D6v).St. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Le Bow is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary le Strand is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate)
St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate) is an old parish church absorbed by Holy Trinity Priory in 1108. According to Stow, the church was begun by Siredus (Stow). It is not to be confused with the chapel of St. Mary Magdalen in the Guildhall, St. Mary Magdalen (Milk Street) or St. Mary Magdalen (Old Fish Street).St. Mary Magdalen (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey)
St. Mary Magdalen was located near the south-east corner of Bermondsey Street next to Bermondsey Abbey and just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Noorthouck). According to John Stow, St. Mary Magdalen was a church dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene that was built by the priors of Bermondsey Abbey (Stow 1598, sig. Z4v). H.E. Malden notes that the church was almost entirely rebuilt early in the seventeenth century (Malden).St. Mary Magdalen (Bermondsey) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Milk Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Old Fish Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Magdalen (Southwark)
According to Stow, St. Mary Magdalen was originally a large chapel dedicated to St. Mary Magdalene, which was attached to St. Saviour (Southwark). St. Mary Magdalen was founded by Peter des Roches during the thirteenth century and later became a parish church (Stow 1598, sig. Y7v). During the Dissolution of the Monasteries, St. Mary Magdalen and St. Margaret were absorbed into the Parish of St. Saviour (Southwark). The location that previously held St. Mary Magdalen was incorporated into St. Saviour (Southwark), the new parish church.St. Mary Magdalen (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Mounthaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Overie Stairs
St. Mary Overie Stairs and its adjoining dock functioned asa large wharfe and landing place
on the southern bank of Thames, which provided river access to Winchester House and the Priory of St. Mary Overies (Stow 1598, sig. Y7v). While the stairs were commonly known as either Winchester Stairs or St. Mary Overie Stairs, they were sometimes referred to as St. Saviour Stairs after the Dissolution of the Monasteries (Rendle 203; Cave 225). This location is visible on the Agas map, though it is not labelled.St. Mary Overie Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Overies Priory Close is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Rotherhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Rounceval’s Hospital
According to Stow, St. Mary Rounceval’s Hospital was founded in the fifteenth year of Edward IV’s reign near Charing Cross. It was suppressed first under Henry V and then finally under Edward VI, after which the site was converted into tenements (Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r; Stow 1598, sig. E4r).St. Mary Rounceval’s Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Somerset is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Spital
St. Mary Spital was an Augustinian Priory and Hospital on the east side of Bishopsgate Street. The Priory dates from 1197. The old precinct of St. Mary Spital is visible on the Agas map. The church itself was demolished after the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. By the time the Agas map was drawn, many of the priory buildings had been removed and the area appears sparse.St. Mary Spital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Staining is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Whitechapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Woolchurch is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary Woolnoth is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary-At-Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mary-Le-Bow Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Matthew (Friday Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Matthew’s Alley
Harben explains that this alley was[p]robably identical with St. Matthew’s Court leading south out of Cheapside by the church to Friday Street
(Harben 402).St. Matthew’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Aldgate)
St. Michael, Aldgate, was an old parish church that was absorbed by Holy Trinity Priory in 1108 along with the parishes of St. Mary Magdalen, Aldgate, and St. Katherine Cree. According to a papal bull written during the pontificate of Innocent III, it was located in the churchyard of Holy Trinity Priory (Harben).St. Michael (Aldgate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Cornhill)
The parish church of St. Michael, Cornhill is located on the southern side of Cornhill Ward between Birchin Lane and Gracechurch Street. St. Michael, Cornhill was the parish church of John Stow and his family and is the final resting place for Stow’s great-grandparents. Weinreb notes that,the church has a long musical tradition, and is famous for its excellent acoustics
(Weinreb 799-800).St. Michael (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Crooked Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Queenhithe) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael (Wood Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael Bassishaw is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael le Querne is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael Paternoster Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Michael’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mildred (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Mildred (Poultry)
According to Stow, the Parish Church of St. Mildred (Poultry) was built in 1457 on the bank of the Walbrook stream (Stow). The church sat on the corner of Poultry and Walbrook Street. The church was destroyed in the Great Fire, then rebuilt by Sir Christopher Wren, and finally demolished in 1872 (Sugden, Carlin and Belcher).St. Mildred (Poultry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas
St. Nicholas Church was situated on the north side of St. Nicholas Shambles street in Farringdon Within Ward. The church was demolished amid Henry VIII’s Dissolution of the Monasteries and was replaced by residential buildings (Stow 1633, sig. 2G2v).St. Nicholas is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Acon
St. Nicholas Acon was located in Langbourn Ward, its parish extending into Candlewick Street Ward (Harben 437). While it was not depicted on the Agas map, Prockter and Taylor note that St. Nicholas Aconstood on the west side of St. Nicholas Lane towards the northern end
(Prockter and Taylor 51). According to Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay,Acons
is possibly derived fromHaakon,
the name of one of the benefactors (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 802).St. Nicholas Acon is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Cole Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Olave is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Shambles is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Nicholas Shambles Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Hart Street)
The church of St. Olave, Hart Street is found on the south side of Hart Street and the northwest corner of Seething Lane in Tower Street Ward. It has been suggested that the church was founded and built before the Norman conquest of 1066 (Harben). Aside from mentioning the nobility buried in St. Olave’s, Stow is kind enough to describe the church asa proper parrish
(Stow). Samuel Pepys is buried in this church.St. Olave (Hart Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Old Jewry)
St. Olave, Old Jewry was a church located on the west side of Old Jewry in Coleman Street Ward close to its boundary with Cheap Ward (Harben). The 1520 map erroneously locates the church on the east side of Old Jewry (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). It is labelledSt Olave, Jewry
on Carlin and Belcher’s 1270 map of London (Carlin and Belcher) andSt Olave
on the 1520 map (A Map of Tudor London, 1520).St. Olave (Old Jewry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Silver Street)
According to Stow, St. Olave (Silver Street) was a church on the corner of Silver Street and Noble Street at the western edge of Aldersgate Ward. Stow writes that the church wasa small thing, and without any note-worthie monuments
(Stow 1598, sig. K3v). It was destroyed in the Great Fire and was not rebuilt (Carlin and Belcher 91).St. Olave (Silver Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave (Southwark)
St. Olave (Southwark) was a church dedicated to St. Olaf in Southwark on the bank of the Thames. It is marked on the Agas map with the labelS. Tovolles.
St. Olave (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Olave Street
A street near the bank of the Thames near to St. Thomas Hospital.St. Olave Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Pancras (Soper Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Pancras Lane
Now simplyPancras Lane,
St. Pancas Lane ran east-to-west from Bucklersbury to Soper Lane, past St. Benet Sherehog. Henry A. Harben notes that before the Great Fire of 1666, the western part of the land was referred to asNeedlers Lane
(Harben 455).St. Pancras Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Alley
Henry Harben describes the general location of St. Paul’s Alley in noting that it isIn Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Ward Within
(Harben 459). Also known simply asPaul’s Alley,
the lane’s positioning on Ogilby and Morgan’s 1677 map is directly north of the west end St. Paul’s Cathedal. The alley runs north-to-south and intersects with Paternoster Row. The alley, like St. Paul’s Cathedral itself, was integral to the early modern book trade.St. Paul’s Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cathedral
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In 962, while London was occupied by the Danes, St. Paul’s monastery was burnt and raised anew. The church survived the Norman conquest of 1066, but in 1087 it was burnt again. An ambitious Bishop named Maurice took the opportunity to build a new St. Paul’s, even petitioning the king to offer a piece of land belonging to one of his castles (Times 115). The building Maurice initiated would become the cathedral of St. Paul’s which survived until the Great Fire of London.St. Paul’s Cathedral is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Chapter House
St. Paul’s Chapter House was originally located on the south side of St. Paul’s Churchyard (Harben). Stow describes the building as abeautifull piece of VVorke
built in the reign of Edward III but which had been defaced by sheds and houses built by the Cutlers’ Company and other organizations by his time (Stow 1633, sig. 2N2v). St. Paul’s Chapter House was rebuilt by Christopher Wren in 1712 on the north side of St. Paul’s Churchyard where it remains to this day (Harben).St. Paul’s Chapter House is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Charnel House
St. Paul’s Charnel House was located on the north side of St. Paul’s Churchyard (Stow 1633, sig. 2H4v). It was founded in 1282out of rents of shops built without the wall of the churchyard
and pulled down in 1549 (Harben). A chapel dedicated to the Virgin Mary was built over the former site of the charnel house.St. Paul’s Charnel House is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Churchyard
Surrounding St. Paul’s Cathedral, St. Paul’s Churchyard has had a multi-faceted history in use and function, being the location of burial, crime, public gathering, and celebration. Before its destruction during the civil war, St. Paul’s Cross was located in the middle of the churchyard, providing a place for preaching and the delivery of Papal edicts (Thornbury).St. Paul’s Churchyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cloister is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s College is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Cross
The Paul’s Cross outdoor preaching station is located in Paul’s Cross Churchyard on the northeast side of St. Paul’s Cathedral. During the early modern period, Paul’s Cross was a site of drama, since the interfaith conflicts of the time were addressed from the pulpit. These sermons were presented by prominent Reformation figures including Stephen Gardiner, Miles Coverdale, Thomas Cranmer, Nicholas Ridley, Hugh Latimer, Gilbert Bourne, Edmund Grindal, Matthew Parker, John Jewel, John Foxe, Edwin Sandys, and John Donne.St. Paul’s Cross is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Gate (northern)
According to the Virtual Pauls’ Cross Project, St. Paul’s Gate (northern) was located at the intersection of Paternoster Row and Cheapside Street and gave access to St Paul’s Churchyard from the northeast (VPCP). Carlin and Belcher’s 1270 map simply labels the gate asgate
but they refer to the gate in their Gazetteer asSt. Paul’s Gate (northern)
(Carlin and Belcher). Agas map coordinates are based on the location coordinates provided by the Virtual Pauls’ Cross Project and supplemented by Carlin and Belcher’s map.St. Paul’s Gate (northern) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Head Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s School
St. Paul’s School was located on the eastern side of St. Paul’s Churchyard, west of the Old Change (Harben). It was founded by John Colet in 1512 and left to the Mercers’ Company (Stow 1633, sig. 2H4v; Harben).St. Paul’s School is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Paul’s Theatre
For information about St. Paul’s Theatre, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on St. Paul’s Theatre.St. Paul’s Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter (Paul’s Wharf) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter Ad Vincula is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter le Poor
St. Peter le Poor was a parish church on the west side of Broad Street. It is visible on the Agas map south of Austin Friars, bearing the number 24. That it wassometime peraduenture a poore Parish
gave it the namele Poor
(Stow). Its name distinguished it from the other London churches dedicated to St. Peter. Stow mentions thatat this present there be many fayre houses, possessed by rich marchants and other
near the church, suggesting that the parish was no longer impoverished (Stow).St. Peter le Poor is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter upon Cornhill
St. Peter upon Cornhill stood at the highest point of the city in the south east of Cornhill Ward. According to a tablet preserved within the church, St. Peter upon Cornhill was founded by King Lucius and was the first Christian church in London (Noorthouk 606). This information was questioned by Stow, who admitted that he knowsnot by what authority
(Stow 1:194) the tablet was written.St. Peter upon Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter, Westcheap is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter’s College Rents
St. Peter’s College Rents were located on the west side of St. Paul’s Cathedral, next to the Atrium and northwest of the Stationers’ Hall. The building was, as Carlin and Belcher note,founded by 1318 to house St. Paul’s chantry priests
(Carlin and Belcher 92).St. Peter’s College Rents is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Peter’s Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Saviour (Southwark)
St. Saviour (Southwark) dates back at least to 1106. It was originally known by the name St. Mary Overies, with Overies referring to its beingover
the Thames, that is, on its southern bank. After the dissolution of the monasteries, the church was rededicated and renamed St. Saviour (Sugden 335). St. Saviour (Southwark) is visible on the Agas map along New Rents street in Southwark. It is marked with the labelS. Mary Owber.
St. Saviour (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Sepulchre is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen Walbrook is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen’s (Chanon Row) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Stephen’s (Westminster Palace) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Swithin (London Stone) is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Swithins Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Sythes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Thomas Apostle is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Thomas Hospital
St. Thomas Hospital was a hospital and parish church dedicated to St. Thomas Becket (Stow 1598, sig. Y7v). Originally located in St. Mary Overies Priory Close, St. Thomas Hospital was relocated to the eastern side of Long Southwark near Thieves’ Lane in the thirteenth century (Walford). The early modern location of St. Thomas Hospital is depicted near the bottom of the Agas map, though it is not labelled. It is also depicted on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings), where it is labelledSt. Thomas’s Hospital.
St. Thomas Hospital is mentioned in the following documents:
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St. Vedast is mentioned in the following documents:
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Staining Lane
Staining Lane ran north-south, starting at Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the south and turning into Oat Lane in the north. It is drawn correctly on the Agas map and is labelled asStayning la.
It served as a boundary between Cripplegate and Aldersgate wards.Staining Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stangate Stairs
Stangate Stairs provided river access to the Thames from its east bank, directly opposite Westminster Hall.Stangate Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Staple Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery. -
Star Chamber is mentioned in the following documents:
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Star Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stationers’ Hall (Ave Maria Lane)
Stationers’ Hall (Ave Maria Lane) was located at the north end of Ave Maria Lane near Ludgate (Harben). Formerly Pembroke’s Inn, the site functioned as the headquarters of the Stationers’ Company starting in 1611. The hall was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666, and reconstruction began in 1670 (Rivington 7). This location remains the headquarters of the company to this day.Stationers’ Hall (Ave Maria Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stationers’ Hall (Milk Street)
Stationers’ Hall (Milk Street) was the original hall of the Stationers’ Company. In 1554, the company headquarters was moved to the site of St. Peter’s College Rents, which became Stationers’ Hall (St. Paul’s).Stationers’ Hall (Milk Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stationers’ Hall (St. Paul’s)
Beginning in 1554 until 1611, The Stationers’ Hall near St. Peter’s College Rents functioned as the second headquarters for the Stationers’ Company, following their occupation of the Stationer’s Hall (Milk Street) and preceding their occupation of the Avergabenny House on Wood Street starting in 1611. The hall was located near St. Paul’s Cathedral and was just north of the The Deanery, adjacent to the courtyard and St. Peter’s College Rents. According to Cyprian Blagden,[A] good deal of money was spent to make [the building] suitable for its new functions,
but the move gave the Stationers’ Company an appropriate locationin the very centre of the area which for so long was associated with the buying and selling of books
(Blagden 19).Stationers’ Hall (St. Paul’s) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stephen’s Lane
Now known as Churchyard Alley, Stephen’s Lane was most likely named forStephen Lucas, stockfishmonger, who was a taxpayer in Bridge ward in 1332Gap in transcription. Reason: […] and whose will was enrolled in 1349
(Ekwall 131). With regard to the toponomical history of the site, Eilert Ekwall notes that the former name, Chirchhaw Lane, stems froman old word for churchyard, found for instance in Chaucer
(Ekwall 131). Stephen’s Lane ran north-to-south from Stockfishmonger Row, slightly to the east of the Fishmongers’ Hall.Stephen’s Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stepney is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stew Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stinking Lane
North out of Newgate, Stinking Lane runs parallel to both Pentecost Lane and Butchers’ Alley. Ekwall notes Stinking Lane as a euphemistic variant of Fowle Lane, while Stow notes Stinking Lane was also known as Chick Lane (Ekwall).Stinking Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stockfishmonger Row
Stockfishmonger Row
refers to a section of Thames Street that runs east-to-west just above the Fishmongers’ Hall.Stockfishmonger Row is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stocks Market
The Stocks Market was a significant market forfish and flesh
in early modern London, located south of Poultry, north of Bucklersbury, and west of Walbrook Street in Cornhill Ward (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 879). The building of the Stocks Market was commissioned by Henry le Wales in 1283 and, according to the editors of The London Encyclopedia, is named after thethe only fixed pair of stocks in the city
(Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 879). It was destroyed in the Great Fire, rebuilt, and then replaced in 1739 by the Mansion House, which is the official residence of the Lord Mayor of London.Stocks Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stoda de Winton
John Stow’s 1633 Survey of Vintry Ward contains a description ofa stone House, called Stoda de Winton, juxta Stodum bridge which in that Lane was over Walbrooke water
(Stow 1633, sig. Z2v).Stoda de Winton is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stodum Bridge
John Stow’s 1633 Survey of Vintry Ward describesa stone House, called Stoda de Winton, juxta Stodum bridge which in that Lane was over Walbrooke water
(Stow 1633, sig. Z2v).Stodum Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stone Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Stonecutter Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strand Bridge
According to Sugden, Strand Bridge wasA bdge. that crossed the brookrunning from St. Clements Well across from the S. and down S. Lane, Lond.
(Sugden 489). Stow tells us that the bridge and a number of other features including several inns and tenements werepulled downe, and made leuell ground, in the yeare 1549 (Stow 91-97). In place whereof he builded that large and goodly house, now called Somerset house.
Strand Bridge is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strand Inn
One of the Inns of Chancery.Strand Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strand Lane
Strand Lane wasa narrow and rather winding thoroughfare leading to the Embankment a few yards to the east of Somerset House
(Thornbury).Strand Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Strangeway Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Suburb Without the Wall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Suffolk House
Suffolk House was located on the west side of Blackman Street near St. George Southwark and was just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Walford). Stow claims that Suffolk House was built by the Duke of Suffolk, Charles Brandon, during the reign of Henry VIII (Stow 1633, sig. 2Q5v), while Ida Darlington asserts that a residence owned by the Brandon family, known as Southwark Place, existed at this location prior to Henry VIII’s reign (Darlington).Suffolk House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Suffolk Lane
According to Stow, Suffolk Lane ran north-south between Candlewick Street and Thames Street. Our Agas coordinates are based on Stow, who writes that it was positioned between Bush Lane and St. Laurence Lane. Such a lane, though drawn, is not labelled on the Agas map. The Agas map position relative to St. Laurence Poultney Churchyard of this unlabelled lane also accords with Stow’s account of Suffolk Lane. Suffolk Lane is marked on the 1520 map as extending north from Wolsies Lane (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). However, its position on that map does not align with Stow’s account of its position with respect to the St. Laurence Poultney Churchyard.We are awaiting further confirmation of this street’s position.Suffolk Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sugarloaf Alley
Sugarloaf Alley ran north-south from Leadenhall Street to Fenchurch Street, on the west side of Bricklayers’ Hall. Stow indicates that it was calledSprinckle allie
but had been renamed Sugarloaf Alley after a shop sign.Sugarloaf Alley is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sugarloaf Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sun Tavern
The Sun Tavern was a victualing house on the east side of New Fish Street, just north of London Bridge between lower Thames Street and Little Eastcheap.Sun Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Sutton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Alley (Coleman Street)
There were a number of alleys namedSwan Alley
in early modern London. This Swan Alley ran east off Coleman Street, just south of the Armourers’ Hall. Various legal proceedings suggest that the alley bordered gardens and led to the properties of relatively affluent citizens (see links below to records transcribed in BHO). Harben notes that by 1799 the alley was known asGreat Swan Alley
at the west end andLittle Swan Alley
at the east end (Harben 564; BHO).Swan Alley (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Alley (Cornhill)
Swan Alley was a north-south alley that bordered Cornhill Ward’s north side and Broad Street Ward’s south end. It opened into Cornhill Ward and therefore was included within Cornhill Ward’s limits.Swan Alley (Cornhill) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Brewhouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Inn (Holborn Bridge) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Inn (St. John’s Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan Inn (The Strand) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan with Two Necks Inn (Lad Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Swan with Two Necks Inn (Somar’s Key) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tabbard Inn (Gracechurch Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tabbard Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tallow Chandlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Temple Bar
Temple Bar was one of the principle entrances to the city of London, dividing the Strand to the west and Fleet Street to the east. It was an ancient right of way and toll gate. Walter Thornbury dates the wooden gate structure shown in the Agas Map to the early Tudor period, and describes a number of historical pageants that processed through it, including the funeral procession of Henry V, and it was the scene of King James I’s first entry to the city (Thornbury 1878). The wooden structure was demolished in 1670 and a stone gate built in its place (Sugden 505).Temple Bar is mentioned in the following documents:
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Temple Church
A church used by both Middle and Inner Temples.Temple Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thames Street
Thames Street was the longest street in early modern London, running east-west from the ditch around the Tower of London in the east to St. Andrew’s Hill and Puddle Wharf in the west, almost the complete span of the city within the walls.Thames Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thavies Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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The (Golden) Ball is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Angel is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Antelope (Holborn)
The Antelope was a victualling house located where Holborn meets Chancery Lane.The Antelope (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Barge
The Barge was a tenement building located in Cheap Ward. The structure was the remains of a medieval manor house.The Barge is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Bars by St. Mary Spital is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Bear and Ragged Staff is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Bishop (Gray’s Inn Road)
The Bishop was a hospice located near the south end of Gray’s Inn Road.The Bishop (Gray’s Inn Road) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Black Loft
Stow locates The Black Loft of silver melting on Sermon Lane in Castle Baynard Ward (Stow 1633, sig. 2N1v). Agas map coordinates are based on this information. The precise function of the location remains unclear.The Black Loft is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Boar’s Head
For information about the Boar’s Head, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on the Boar’s Head.The Boar’s Head is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Bolt and Tun (Fleet Street)
The Bolt and Tun was an old stage-coach inn whichderived its name from Prior Bolton of St. Bartholomew, Smithfield, being a rebus on his name
(Harben 89).The Bolt and Tun (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Castle
The Castle was a large stone house in Cornhill ward, located on the north side of Cornhill at the western side of the Royal Exchange. Part of it was removed for the expansion of the Royal Exchange in 1566, and is mentioned by Stow as being named for the Castle Tavern sign.The Castle is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Chapel of St. Mary Magdalen (Guildhall) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Clink is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Cock and Key (Fleet Street)
According to Elijah Williams, The Cock and Key was a tenement buildingon the east of the Boreshede, belonging to the Prior of Royston,
the name of which was in use by the reign of Henry VIII (Williams 1313). Williams also notes that the Cock and Key was affected by the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1538, when the property was seized from the Carmelites and a large portion of it was relinquished to Sir William Butts, the personal physician of to the King (Williams 1313).The Cock and Key (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Cockpit
The Cockpit, also known as the Phoenix, was an indoor commercial playhouse planned and built by the theatre entrepreneur and actor Christopher Beeston. The title pages of plays performed at the Cockpit usually refer to its locationin Drury Lane,
but G. E. Bentley offers a more precise description:Beeston’s property lay between Drury Lane and Great Wild Street, north-west of Princes’ Street in the parish of St Giles in the Fields
(Bentley vi 49). Herbert Berry adds that the playhouse wasthree-eights of a mile west of the western boundary of the City of London at Temple Bar
(Berry 624), and Frances Teague notes that it wason the east side of Drury Lane
and that[t]he site was long preserved by the name of Cockpit Alley, afterwards Pitt Court
(Teague 243).The Cockpit is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Cockpit-in-Court
The Cockpit-in-Court, or The Cockpit-at-Court, was a private Caroline playhouse for members of the royal household, and was located within Whitehall Palace. Its name arose from the fact that it was formerly a cockfighting site at court. It should not be confused with The Cockpit Theatre, which was located near Drury Lane.The Cockpit-in-Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Compter (Bread Street)
Stow mentions two compters existing in his time: The Compter (Poultry) and The Compter (Bread Street). With relevance to the mobility of the place, Harben records that theWood Street Counter had been removed there from Bread Street in 1555
(Harben 166). Tracing its history back ever further, Carlin and Belcher note that the prison was initially located in the Broken Seld around 1412 (Carlin and Belcher 70).The Compter (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Compter (Poultry) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Cross (by St. Mary Graces)
The Cross wasa wayside cross or calvary
that Henry Harben describes as being present[i]n Agas’ map at the junction of the Minories and Little Tower Hill
(Harben 417).The Cross (by St. Mary Graces) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Crown (Philpot Lane)
The Crown was a tenement off of Philpot Lane so named for its sign (Harben 186). In describing the location, Henry Harben notes that The Crown was[e]ast out of Philpot Lane, in Billingsgate Ward
(Harben 186). More specifically, The Crown seems to have been located midway between Eastcheap and Fenchurch Street.The Crown (Philpot Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Curtain
In 1577, the Curtain, a second purpose-built London playhouse arose in Shoreditch, just north of the City of London. The Curtain, a polygonal amphitheatre, became a major venue for theatrical and other entertainments until at least 1622 and perhaps as late as 1698. Most major playing companies, including the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, the Queen’s Men, and Prince Charles’s Men, played there. It is the likely site for the premiere of Shakespeare’s plays Romeo and Juliet and Henry V.The Curtain is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Deanery (St. Paul’s)
The Deanery at St. Paul’s Cathedral served as the residence for the dean of the cathedral from 1145 onward, eventually being reconstructed after its destruction in the Great Fire of London. In offering a reconstruction of the site based on the paintings in John Donne’s will, Schofield states thatin 1522 the deanery contained a hall, parlour, six chambers, two garrets, a chapel and ten feather beds
(Schofield 153).The Deanery (St. Paul’s) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Dolphin (Temple Bar)
The Dolphin in Temple Bar was in existence at least by 1544 (Carlin and Belcher 72). The location was immedately to the east of Temple Bar on the north side of Fleet Street.The Dolphin (Temple Bar) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Elephant is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Elms (Smithfield)
Located between Horsepool and the Fleet River, the Elms, as Stow notes, was a place of execution named after the once flourishing number of elm trees on site. Stow refers to the area asLe elmes
orle two elmys.
By Stow’s lifetime the expansion of London meant the namesake trees had been cut down.The Elms (Smithfield) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Falcon (Fleet Street)
The Falcon, which is also often referred to asle Fawcon,
was a tenement off of Fleet Street that bordered the garden of the Inner Temple. The building was constructed no later than 1470 and was still standing until around 1544 (Carlin and Belcher 73, Williams 1403).The Falcon (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Fortune
According to Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay, the Fortune was built for Edward Alleyn and Philip Henslow in 1600. Above the door, there was a statue of the Goddess of Fortune (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 305).The Fortune is mentioned in the following documents:
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The George Inn (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Globe is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Globe
The Globe was the open-air, public theatre in which William Shakespeare was a shareholder. It was one of the theatres at which the Lord Chamberlain’s Men, later the King’s Men, regularly performed. Most of Shakespeare’s plays were performed at the Globe, along with the works of many other playwrights. It was an open-air, polygonal theatre with standing room around a thrust stage and three levels of gallery seating. It was built in 1599, burnt down in 1613, rebuilt in 1614 and closed in 1642. A modern reconstruction now stands a short distance from the site of the original in Bankside.The Globe is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Goat
The Goat was a tavern at Smithfield, in operation from the mid fourteenth to late sixteenth centuries (Keene and Harding 85-96), after which it changed hands as a residence. It was commonly known as the Goat on the Hoop, a name that referred to the hoop in which the Goat’s sign would have hung (Harben).The Goat is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Green Gate
The Green Gate was a house on the south side of Leadenhall Street, east of Leadenhall in Lime Street Ward. Stow’s interest went beyond the building itself and its location; he was confounded by the misdemeanours that occurred within it. The Green Gate was the site of not one but two robberies.The Green Gate is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Half Moon
Located in Bishopsgate Ward without the Wall, the Half Moon housed Robert Wood. His wife, Joane, left the yearly rents for the messuage and nearby Half Moon Alley to the Church of St. Botolph without Bishopsgate (Stow 1633, sig. Q1r-Q1v; Harben 285–286).The Half Moon is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Herber
The Herber wasa mansion on the east side of Dowgate Street, near to the church of St. Mary Bothaw
(Harben). The derivation of the name is uncertain but Prideaux suggests it is derived fromArbour
while Lappenburg suggests the Frencherbois
orGrasplatz
which means garden (qtd. in Harben). Richard Neville, the Fifth Earl of Salisbury, was lodged there at the beginning of the War of the Roses in 1457 (Harben; Stow 1598, sig. F1v). According to Stow, the Herber was later inhabited by Sir Francis Drake (Stow 1633, sig. Y5r). In modern London, a portion of Canon Street Station stands on the original site (Harben).The Herber is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Hope
For information about the Hope, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on the Hope.The Hope is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Horn on the Hoop
A tavern on the north side of Fleet Street, near the Middle Temple. Also referred to asThe Horn in the Hoop
and simplyThe Horn.
Harben states that the tavern stood on the site of the now-removed Andertons Hotel at 164 Fleet (Harben 307).The Horn on the Hoop is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Inns of Court
The four principal constituents of the Inns of Court were:The Inns of Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Key (Cheapside)
Known as the Painted Seld, the Great Seld, and Broad Seld, the market was known as The Key from about 1457 onward (Carlin and Belcher 78. The Key in Cheap Ward was a market located just south of Cheapside Street on the north end of Soper Lane.The Key (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The King’s Storehouse
Erected by Sir Arthur Darcy on the site of the Abbey of St. Mary Graces, this storehouse was designated for the storage ofarmour, and habiliments of warre
(Stow 1:126).The King’s Storehouse is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Lamb is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Lion (Shoreditch) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Maidenhead (Cateaton Street)
According to Taylor, Maidenhead was a lodging house frequented by various carriers (Taylor A4v, B1r).
Taylor identifies the Maidenhead as beingin Cat-eatonſtreet, neere the guildhall
(Taylor A4v). Norman corroborates this account and adds futher specificity by stating that itstands at the corner of Old Jewry and Gresham street [formerly Cateaton Street]
(Norman 247). Being from 1889, the latter of these sources should be regarded with a degree of uncertainty as a source for early modern locations, hence the imprecision of the point on our Agas map.The Maidenhead (Cateaton Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Maidhead (Ram Alley)
Edward H. Sugden describes the Maidenhead in Ram Alley asthe worst of all dens of infamy in that notorious court
(Sugden 328).The Maidhead (Ram Alley) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Old Standard
In the 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London recalls that prior to the construction of The Standard, the Old Standard stood on the same site. According to Stow, The Old Standard was a sitewhere divers executions of the Law before-time had beene performed
(Stow 1633, sig. 2B2r). Stow further notes that the by the time the newer Standard was consctructed, the Old Standardwas very rui-nous with age, in which there was a Conduit should bee taken downe, and another competent Standard of stone, together with a Coduit in the same, of new, strongly to bee builded
(Stow 1633, sig. 2B2r).The Old Standard is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Panier
The Panier, or The Payner was a functioning brewhouse by about 1425 (Carlin and Belcher 82). Eilert Ekwall notes that a variant name for the The Panier wasatte panyer yn pater noster rewe
(Ekwall 171).The brewhouse itself is located near and possibly derives its name form Panier Alley.The Panier is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Pewter Pot (Leadenhall Street)
By 1521, the Pewter Pot was, according to Henry Harben,a famous coaching inn
that was[o]n the south side of Leadenhall Street
Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] formerly called the Pewter Pott, the Pott on the Hoop, or Pot inn (Harben 473).The Pewter Pot (Leadenhall Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Pied Bull
The printshop of Nathaniel Butter (BBTI 11586), at St Austin’s Gate, Cursitors Alley. The 1608 quarto of King Lear (Q1) is known as the Pied Bull Quarto because it was printed in this shop.The Pied Bull is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Red Bull
For information about the Red Bull, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on the Red Bull.The Red Bull is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Red Lion
For information about the Red Lion, a modern map marking the site where the it once stood, and a walking tour that will take you to the site, visit the Shakespearean London Theatres (ShaLT) article on the Red Lion.The Red Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Rose
Built in 1587 by theatre financier Philip Henslowe, the Rose was Bankside’s first open-air amphitheatre playhouse (Egan). Its foundation, excavated in 1989, reveals a fourteen-sided structure about 22 metres in diameter, making it smaller than other contemporary playhouses (White 302). Relatively free of civic interference and surrounded by pleasure-seeking crowds, the Rose did very well, staging works by such playwrights as Shakespeare, Marlowe, Kyd, and Dekker (Egan).The Rose is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Rose and Crown is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Rose and Crown (Holborn) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Rose and Crown (St. John’s Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Standard (Cheapside) is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Star and the Ram is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Steelyard
The Steelyard was the chief outpost of the Hanseatic League in the city of London. Located on the north side of the River Thames, slightly west of London Bridge, the Steelyard was home to many wealthy German merchants from the thirteenth century to the end of the sixteenth century. Although it was a powerful economic force in the fifteenth and early sixteenth centuries, by the time of Elizabeth’s reign, piracy and economic sanctions had rendered the once great Steelyard obsolete (Lloyd 344-345).The Steelyard is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Strand
Named for its location on the bank of the Thames, the Strand leads outside the City of London from Temple Bar through what was formerly the Duchy of Lancaster to Charing Cross in what was once the city of Westminster. There were three main phases in the evolution of the Strand in early modern times: occupation by the bishops, occupation by the nobility, and commercial development.The Strand is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Sun is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Swan
The Swan was the second of the Bankside theatres. It was located at Paris Garden. It was in use from 1595 and possibly staged some of the plays of William Shakespeare (SHaLT).The Swan is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Thames
Perhaps more than any other geophysical feature, the Thames river has directly affected London’s growth and rise to prominence; historically, the city’s economic, political, and military importance was dependent on its riverine location. As a tidal river, connected to the North Sea, the Thames allowed for transportation to and from the outside world; and, as the longest river in England, bordering on nine counties, it linked London to the country’s interior. Indeed, without the Thames, London would not exist as one of Europe’s most influential cities. The Thames, however, is notable for its dichotomous nature: it is both a natural phenomenon and a cultural construct; it lives in geological time but has been the measure of human history; and the city was built around the river, but the river has been reshaped by the city and its inhabitants.The Thames is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Theatre
The first purpose-built playhouse in England, the Theatre, located in Shoreditch, was constructed in 1576 by actor James Burbage. While direct evidence of plays performed at the Theatre is rare, scholars have inferred that the playhouse was used by the Queen Elizabeth’s Men, Earl of Leicester’s Men, Earl of Warwick’s Men, Lord Strange’s Men, Admiral’s Men, Chamberlain’s Men, and Earl of Pembroke’s Men. In 1598, the Theatre was dismantled after a land dispute and was relocated to Bankside were it was erected as theGlobe.
The Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Three Tuns
The 1633 edition of Stow’s Survey of London notes that the The Three Tuns was a tavern located in Guildhall Yard.The Three Tuns is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Vintry is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Wall
Originally built as a Roman fortification for the provincial city of Londinium in the second century C.E., the London Wall remained a material and spatial boundary for the city throughout the early modern period. Described by Stow ashigh and great
(Stow 1:8), the London Wall dominated the cityscape and spatial imaginations of Londoners for centuries. Increasingly, the eighteen-foot high wall created a pressurized constraint on the growing city; the various gates functioned as relief valves where development spilled out to occupy spacesoutside the wall.
The Wall is mentioned in the following documents:
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The White Lion
The dwelling house of Richard Smith, which he gave to the parish of All Hallows Barking for the poor in the event that his children died without issue.The White Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
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The Wrestlers (Lime Street Ward)
The Wrestlers was a house in Bishopsgate Ward located on the north side of Camomile Street, near the Wall and Bishopsgate (Stow). The house predates the Wrestlers Court located on the opposite (south) side of Camomile Street.The Wrestlers (Lime Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thieves’ Lane
Originally known as Trivet Lane, Trinet Lane, or Trinity Lane, Thieves’ Lane was located near St. Thomas Hospital and was just south of the area depicted on the Agas map (Parsons 56; Stow 1633, sig. 2Q6v). While very little information about this location remains, some scholars suggest that Thieves’ Lane later became a section of the modern St. Thomas Street (Parsons 56). If this is the case, Thieves’ Lane can be found on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings), where it is labelledSt. Thomas’s Lane.
Thieves’ Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thorney is mentioned in the following documents:
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Thrawl Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Threadneedle Street
Threadneedle Street ran east-west from Bishopsgate Street to Cornhill and the Stocks Market. It passed the north end of the Royal Exchange and was entirely in Broad Street Ward. Threadneedle Street, also called Three Needle Street, is clearly visible on the Agas map. It was apparently very well known for its taverns.Threadneedle Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Stairs
Three Cranes Stairs provided access to the Thames from Three Cranes Lane.Three Cranes Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Tavern
Three Cranes Tavern was a popular tavern in early modern London, located on Three Cranes Lane.Three Cranes Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cranes Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cups Inn (Bread Street)
The Three Cups Inn was located in Bread Street Ward at the southwest intersection of Bread Street and Watling Street. The Inn provided food, drink, and shelter for employees, guests, carriers and their horses. It was a hub for public transportation and shipping into and out of the capital and was a home to the inn holder, servants, and their families. It provided employment and a community meeting place. It acted as a landmark in the city for at least four hundred years.Three Cups Inn (Bread Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Cups Inn (St. John Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Three Horseshoes Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Throgmorton Street
Throgmorton Street was in Broad Street Ward and ran east-west from Broad Street to Lothbury and Bartholomew Lane. Throgmorton Street appears unlabelled on the Agas map running west from Broad Street, under the Drapers’ Hall. Stow’s description of Throgmorton Street is somewhat more detailed than that of other streets because he had a personal connection to it: his father owned land there.Throgmorton Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Timber Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Timberhithe
Timberhithe was located along the Thames between Broken Wharf Mansion in the west and Queenhithe in the east.Timberhithe is mentioned in the following documents:
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Timberhithe Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tode Well is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tooley Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tottenham is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tottenham Ct. Road is mentioned in the following documents:
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Toulebooth is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Ditch
The Tower Ditch, or Tower Moat, was part of the Tower of London’s medieval defences. It was built by the Bishop of Ely William de Longchamp while Richard I was crusading in the Holy Land (1187-1192) (Harben). The ditch was used as a dumping ground for plague victim corpses, human waste from the Tower, and meat carcasses from East Smithfield market.Tower Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Hill
Tower Hill was a large area of open ground north and west of the Tower of London. It is most famous as a place of execution; there was a permanent scaffold and gallows on the hillfor the execution of such Traytors or Transgressors, as are deliuered out of the Tower, or otherwise to the Shiriffes of London
(Stow).Tower Hill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower of London is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Royal is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Street
Tower Street ran east-west from Tower Hill in the east to St. Andrew Hubbard. It was the principal street of Tower Street Ward. That the ward is named after the street indicates the cultural significance of Tower Street, which was a key part of the processional route through London and home to many wealthy merchants who traded in the goods that were unloaded at the docks and quays immediately south of Tower Street (for example, Billingsgate, Wool Key, and Galley Key).Tower Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Street Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tower Wharf
Henry Harben describes the location of Tower Wharf in noting that it is[s]outh out of and fronting the Tower
(Harben 588). The antiquated spelling of the name isTowre Wharf.
(Harben 588). Victor Belcher and Martha Carlin trace the toponomy of the location back further, noting that it was previouslyKing’s quay,
orkaia regis
circa 1228 (Carlin and Belcher 96).Tower Wharf is mentioned in the following documents:
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Town Ditch
A ditch to the north of Christ’s Hospital, filled in by 1552.Town Ditch is mentioned in the following documents:
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Town’s End Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Transcription of Cartouche on the Agas Map
THis antient and famous City of London, was firſt founded by Brute the Trojan, in the year of the World two thouſand, eight hundred thirty & two, and before the Nativity of our Saviour ChriſtGap in transcription. Reason: […]Transcription of Cartouche on the Agas Map is mentioned in the following documents:
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Transcription of Poem on the Agas Map
NEW Troy my name: when firſt my fame begun / By Trajon Brute: who then me placed hereGap in transcription. Reason: […]Transcription of Poem on the Agas Map is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trig Lane
Trig Lane was the lane leading down from Thames Street (now called Upper Thames Street) to the river landing place called Trig Stairs on the north bank of the Thames. Trig Lane was in a fairly rowdy area full of water traffic, sailors, and porters.Trig Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trig Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trinity Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trinity Hall
Prior to being known as Trinity Hall, the space was known as The Falcon on the Hoop. The hall was, by 1417, a brewhouse that wasacquired by [the] fraternity of Holy Trinity in St Botolph Aldersgate [and] became [the] fraternity’s hall sometime after 1463
(Carlin and Belcher 96). Beginning with that aquisition, the location became known asTrinity Hall.
Trinity Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Trinity Lane
Trinity Lane ran north-south between Old Fish Street (Knightrider Street) and Thames Street, between Garlick Hill and Huggin Lane, entirely in the ward of Queenhithe. On the Agas map, it is labelledTrinitie lane.
Trinity Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Turnagain Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Turnbase Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Turnmill Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Tyburn
Tyburn is best known as the location of the principal gallows where public executions were carried out from the late twelfth century until the eighteenth (Drouillard, Wikipedia). It was a village to the west of the city, near the present-day location of Marble Arch (beyond the boundary of the Agas Map). Its name derives from a stream, and its significance to Stow was primarily as one of the sources of piped water for the city; he describes howIn the yeare 1401. this priſon houſe called the Tunne was made a Ceſterne for ſweete water conueyed by pipes of Leade frõ the towne of Tyborne, and was from thence forth called the conduite vpon Cornhill Gap in transcription. Reason: Editorial omission for reasons of length or relevance. Use only in quotations in born-digital documents.[…] (Stow 1598, sig. L3r)
.Tyburn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Upolsters’ Hall Upon Cornhill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vine Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vine Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vine Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vintners’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Vintry Ward
Vintry Ward is west of Dowgate Ward. The ward is named after the Vintners’ Company and the Vintry,a part of the banks of the Riuer of Thames
within Vintry Ward used by the merchants of Bordeaux for the transporting and selling of their wines (Stow 1603).Vintry Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Walbrook Ward
Walbrook Ward is west of Candlewick Street Ward. The ward is named after the Walbrook, a river that ran through the heart of London from north to south. The river was filled in and paved over so that it was hardly discernable by Stow’s time (Harben, Walbrook (The)).Walbrook Ward is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wapping Mill
Standing along Nightingale Lane atthe middle of a Foord
that served as the boundary between the Parish of St. Mary Whitechapel and the Parish of St. Botolph (Aldgate) (Stow 1633, sig. M2v), Wapping Mill is not featured on the Agas map.Wapping Mill is mentioned in the following documents:
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Warwick Lane
Warwick Lane or Eldenese Lane ran north-south from Newgate Street to Paternoster Row. Its name is derived from Warwick’s Inn, a structure built by one of the Earls of Warwick about the 28th year of Henry VI’s reign (Stow 1633, sig. 2L2v).Warwick Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Warwick’s Inn
Warwick Inn was located on Warwick Lane in Farringdon Within Ward. It was built by an Earl of Warwick about the 28th year of Henry VI’s reign and was later owned by Eleanor, the Duchess of Somerset and daughter of Richard Beauchamp (Stow 1633, sig. 2L2v; Harben). Warwick Inn gave its name to Warwick Lane (Harben).Warwick’s Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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Water Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Water Lane (Blackfriars) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Water Lane (Fleet Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Water Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watergate is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watergate (Tower Street Ward) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Watling Street
Watling Street ran east-west between St. Sythes Lane in Cordwainer Street Ward and Old Change in Bread Street Ward. It is visible on the Agas map under the labelWatlinge ſtreat.
Stow records that the street is also commonly known asNoble Street
(Stow 1598, sig. O4v). This should not lead to confusion with Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward. There is an etymological explanation for this crossover of names. According to Ekwall, the nameWatling
ultimately derives from an Old English word meaningking’s son
(Ekwall 81-82). Watling Street remains distinct from the Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward.Watling Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wax Chandlers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Weavers’ Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Weigh House
Weigh House was a building on the north side of Cornhill Ward that was used for weighing imported merchandise. While the house is not labelled on the Agas map, Mary Lobel and W. H. Johns suggest that it appears below the Merchant Taylor’s Hall (Lobel and Johns).Weigh House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Well (Cripplegate)
The Well in Cripplegate was[a]n open pool
as of 1244, which had beenarched over with stone
by Richard Whittington’s executors (Carlin and Belcher 97).Well (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wentford Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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West Fish Market
Ekwall notes that[a]nother name-form [for Old Fish Street] is Westpiscaria
;Piscaria
orPisconaria
meaningthe Fish-Market
and theWest-
affix being adistinction from the fish-market [on] [the London Bridge]
(Ekwall 74). Carlin and Belcher suggest that Old Fish Street may have been called, in 1252,the west fish market
(Carlin and Belcher 82).West Fish Market is mentioned in the following documents:
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West Gate of the Tower
The West Gate of the Tower was located on the western side of the Tower of London at or near the joining of Tower Street and two unnamed roadways: one leading to Lion Tower and the other to Tower Wharf (A Map of Tudor London, 1520). In 1321 inquest, the gate was described as being in the Parish of All Hallows (Barking) in Tower Street Ward, potentially making it a part of London and the jurisdictionally independent Tower of London (Harben, Tower of London).West Gate of the Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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West Harding Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westbury Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Abbey
Westminster Abbey was and continues to be a historically significant church. One of its many notable features isPoets’ Corner.
Located in the south transept of the church, it is the final resting place of Geoffrey Chaucer, Ben Jonson, Francis Beaumont, and many other notable authors; in 1740, a monument for William Shakespeare was erected in Westminster Abbey (ShaLT). The church is located on the bottom-left corner of the Agas map.Westminster Abbey is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Hall
Westminster Hall isthe only surviving part of the original Palace of Westminster
(Weinreb and Hibbert 1011) and is located on the west side of the Thames. It is located on the bottom left-hand corner of the Agas map, and is labelled asWeſtmynſter hall.
Originally built as an extension to Edward the Confessor’s palace in 1097, the hall served as the setting for banquets through the reigns of many kings.Westminster Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Palace is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster School is mentioned in the following documents:
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Westminster Stairs
Westminster Stairs was an important site in early modern London that provided access to the Thames from Westminster Abbey. Used during royal processions and by rivermen throughout daily life, Westminster Stairs was known as being a place of bustling activity.Westminster Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wheeler Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Bear Court is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Hart Inn (Coleman Street) is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Hart Inn (Cripplegate) is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Hart Inn (Drury Lane) is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Hart Inn (Southwark) is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Horse Inn is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Horse Yard is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Lion
One of the five prisons in Southwark.White Lion is mentioned in the following documents:
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White Tower is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitechapel
Whitechapel was a street running east-west to the Aldgate Bars from the east. Stow comments that the street, like Aldgate Street, wasfully replenished with buildings outward, & also pestered with diuerse Allyes, on eyther side
(Stow).Whitechapel is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitecross Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars
This page points to the district known as Whitefriars. For the theatre, see Whitefriars Theatre.Whitefriars is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars Church
According to Stow, Whitefriars Church was located on Fleetstreet (Stow 1:310). The church was occupied by the Whitefriars, a Carmelite order, until the closure of the monestaries in 1538.Whitefriars Church is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars Stairs
Whitefrairs Stairs is located[a]t the south end of Waterman’s Lane on the Thames, west of Whitefriars Dock
(Harben 626). The site became known as such by 1666 (Carlin and Belcher 98); thesite [is] now covered by the Victoria Embankment
(Harben 626).Whitefriars Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitefriars Theatre
One of the lesser known halls or private playhouses of Renaissance London, the Whitefriars, was home to two different boy playing companies, each of which operated under several different names. Whitefriars produced many famous boy actors, some of whom later went on to greater fame in adult companies. At the Whitefriars playhouse in 1607–1608, the Children of the King’s Revels catered to a homogenous audience with a particular taste for homoerotic puns and situations, which resulted in a small but significant body of plays that are markedly different from those written for the amphitheatres and even for other hall playhouses.Whitefriars Theatre is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitehall
Whitehall Palace, the Palace of Whitehall or simply Whitehall, was one of the most complex and sizeable locations in the entirety of early modern Europe. As the primary place of residence for monarchs from 1529 to 1698, Whitehall was an architectural testament to the shifting sociopolitical, religious, and aesthetic currents of Renaissance England. Sugden describes the geospatial location of Whitehall in noting that[i]t lay on the left bank of the Thames, and extended from nearly the point where Westminster Bdge. now crosses the river to Scotland Yard, and from the river back to St. James’s Park
(Sugden 564-565).Whitehall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whitehall Stairs
Whitehall Stairs was an important location in early modern London. Providing a point of access to the Thames from Whitehall, the stairs were used by both the public and members of the royal family. Although the stairs are rarely alluded to in early modern literature, they appear in a number of texts about daily life in London during the time period.Whitehall Stairs is mentioned in the following documents:
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Whittington College is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wich Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Winchester Field
According to John Stow’s 1633Survey of Vintry Ward
Winchester Field bordered St. Michael Paternoster Royal on the East side (Stow 1633, sig. Z2v).Winchester Field is mentioned in the following documents:
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Winchester House
Located directly to the west of St. Saviour (Southwark) on the southern bank of the Thames, Winchester House, also known as Winchester Palace, was the London residence for the Bishops of Winchester from the twelfth century until 1626 (Sugden 567). John Stow notes that Winchester House was originally built by William Giffard around the year 1107 on a plot of land belonging to the Prior of Bermondsey (Stow 1598, sig. Y7r). The palace is labelled on the Agas map, Hogenberg and Braun’s 1572 map (Londinum Feracissimi Angliæ Regni Metropolis), and Visscher’s 1616 map (Londinum Florentissima Britanniæ Urbs; Toto Orbe Celeberriumum Emporiumque).Winchester House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Winchester Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windgoose Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windmill Tavern is mentioned in the following documents:
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Windsor House
Stow does not indicate what side of the street the house sits on, but the Dictionary of London points us to the two intersecting streets of Monkwell Street and Silver Street (Harben). This great house once belonged to the Nevill family, but later became Windsor House.Windsor House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wine Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wolsies Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wood Street
Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside Street and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled asWood Streat
on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.Wood Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wood Street Counter is mentioned in the following documents:
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Woodmonger’s Hall is mentioned in the following documents:
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Woodroffe Lane
Woodroffe Lane ran north-south from Crutched Friars south to Tower Hill. The lane was in Aldgate Ward and was named after the Woodruffe family (Harben). Stow writes that the lane was a place of great benevolence. There were fourteenproper almes houses
built from brick and wood in Woodruffe Lane and the tenantshaue their dewllinges rent free, and ii.s. iiii.d. the peece: the first day of euery moneth for euer
(Stow).Woodroffe Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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Woolsack is mentioned in the following documents:
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Woolstable is mentioned in the following documents:
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Worcester House
Worcester House was located along the Thames between Queenhithe in the west and the Vintry in the east. According to John Stow, Worcester House belonged to theEarles of Worcester
before it was divided into tenements (Stow 1633, sig. Z2v). The house was eventually used by the Fruiterers as their hall (Stow 1633, sig. Z2v).Worcester House is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wormwood Street is mentioned in the following documents:
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Wringwren Lane
Wringwren Lane ran north-south between Little St. Thomas Apostles to Great St. Thomas Apostles. It was located to the west of College Hill and to the east of Bow Lane.Wringwren Lane is mentioned in the following documents:
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York House
Located on the northern bank of the Thames, York House was just west of Durham House, on the south side of the Strand. Records of York House date back to the thirteenth century, when the location was owned by the Bishops of Norwich and was referred to as Norwich Place (Gater and Wheeler). In 1536, Henry VIII granted Norwich Place to Charles Brandon, Duke of Suffolk (Gater and Wheeler). In 1556, the Archbishop of York, Nicholas Heath, purchased the residence, which would thereafter be called York House (Stow 1598, sig. 2B3r).York House is mentioned in the following documents:
Organizations
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The MoEML Team
These are all MoEML team members since 1999 to present. To see the current members and structure of our team, seeTeam.
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Former Student Contributors
We’d also like to acknowledge students who contributed to MoEML’s intranet predecessor at the University of Windsor between 1999 and 2003. When we redeveloped MoEML for the Internet in 2006, we were not able to include all of the student projects that had been written for courses in Shakespeare, Renaissance Drama, and/or Writing Hypertext. Nonetheless, these students contributed materially to the conceptual development of the project.
Roles played in the project
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Author
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Data Manager
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Researcher
Contributions by this author
This organization is mentioned in the following documents:
