Excerpt from <title level="m">London Survey’d

Brief Observations OF LONDON.

NOtwithstanding the ample History of this Famous City, is design’d for One Intire Volume, and a brief Account thereof hath been given in the First Part of BRITANNIA; yet considering this will be more frequently Read, being Annex’d to the MAP, We shall make a short Repetition of some Things Memorable, of this Our Great Metropolis, LONDON:

In a large Sence, the Cities of LONDON and WESTMINSTER, with the Borough of Southwark, and whole Mass of contiguous Buildings; but in a stricter Acceptation, the City and Liberties of LONDON (as Describ’d in Our MAP) which having in Antiquity admitted of various Appellations: Is at present by the Modern French call’d Londres; by other Nations, Londra and Lunden; and in Latine, Londinum.

For Antiquity, ’tis Recorded in Cæsar above 1700 Years ago; and Corn. Tacitus, more than 1600 Years since, accounts It Famous for Commerce and Frequency of Merchants: To which, add the Mention Amm. Marcel. makes of Theodosus’ coming hither; and the Insription of a Roman Coyn in Honour of Britannicus Son of Claudius, where you have, METROPOLIS ETIMINIS BASILICOS LONDINUM, not above half a Century after Christ, to prove it both a City and a Metropolis in those Days.

Commodiously situated both for Pleasure and Profit, the River of Thames washing the South-side, or dividing it from Southwark; being distatn about 60 Miles from the Eastern and Southern Seas; whereby ’tis equally Accommodated for Importing Merchandise from Abroad, and receiving necessary Supplies of Provisions at Home: It may be said to be Situate on the South Limits of the County of Midlesex, or at the Conjunction of that Country with Surrey, though It is really a City and County of It self; having for four Miles to the North and South a pleasant Green Valley.

The City and Liberties contain 113 Parishes, and is Divided into six and Twenty Wards, each Govern’d by an Alderman and Deputy. It contains within the Walls 380 Acres, but within the Liberties (as ’tis in the MAP) Bounded on the South by the Thames, and on the West, North and East, with a Chain, the Line of the Freedom: It is 680 Acres; all as full of good and great Buildings as conveniency can allow. The Length from Temple-Bar in the West, to White-Chapel-Bars in the East, is 9256 Foot, or one Mile, six Furlongs, and a Pole: The Breadth is seven Furlongs and two Poles, or 4653 Foot, viz. from the Bars in Bishopsgate-street to the Bridg, One of the Remarkables of EUROPE, consisting in nineteen mighty Arches, being in Length sixty four Poles, or 1056 Foot, the fifth Part of an English Mile, accounting 8 Furlongs to a Mile, 40 Poles to a Furlong, 16 Foot and a half to a Pole.

But reckoning the adjoyning Suburbs and WESTMINSTER, and then measuring from Black-Wall inclusisive, to the End of St. James’s Street beyond Petty-France, it is seven Miles and a half; and from the End of St. Leonard Shoreditch, to the End of Blackman-street in Southwark, the Breadth from North to South, is above two Miles and a half.

The Ecclesiastical Government of the City of LONDON, is by a Bishop, who hath Precedency next to the Arch-Bishop; numbring in a continual Succession of Ten Centuries and an half, Ninety two Bishops. The Cathedral hath a Dean and Chapter, a Treasurer, and thirty Prebendaries: The Diocess contains contains Midlesex, Essex, and Part of Hertfordshire, and has Five Arch-Deacons, viz. of London, Midlesex, Essex, Colchester and St. Albans.

The old Cathedral Dedicated to St. Paul, containing in Length from East to West, six hundred and ninety Foot, in Breadth from North to South, one hundred and thirty Foot, (Built in Form of a Cross) one hundred and two Foot in Height; adorn’d with a Tower of two hundred and sixty Foot, and a Spire of two hundred and sixty Foot more, exalting it self from the Midst of the Cross: This stately Spire cover’d with Lead, with a great Part of the Church, was Ruin’d by Fire, Anno 1561. and after several Eminent Repairs by the Bounty and Piety of Queen Elizabeth, King Charles the Martyr,After his execution on 30 January 1649, Charles I was given the epithet the Martyr by high church Anglicans who praised him for refusing to give up episcopacy. the Bishops of Canterbury, with the Clergy, & the City of LONDON, It was at last wholly destroy’d by the dreadful Fire, September the 2, 3, and 4th. Anno Domini 1666. But by his Pious Care and Encouragement of His Sacred Majesty, upon a better Foundation is already very far advanc’d a more Glorious Structure.

The Civil Government of the City of LONDON, in the Romans Time was by a Præfect, the Title continuing three hundred Years: In the Saxons Time by a Portreeve; which after the Conquest was chang’d into, sometimes a Bailiff, and sometimes a Provost. Richard the First Granted them two Bailiffs, and King John chang’d them into into a Mayor and two Sheriffs: The Mayor with the Court of Aldermen and Common Councel, (like the three Estates in Parliament) Make Laws.

And to them is added, a Recorder, Chamberlain, Town-Clerk, Common-Sergeant, Remembrancer, Vice-Chamberlain, &c.

The Militia of this City and Liberties, as it was Settled soon after His Majesty’s Restauration, in six Regiments of Train’d-Bands, and as many Auxiliaries, amount to twenty Thousand Foot, and the Horse eight hundred; the Tower Hamlets, with the Train’d-Bands of Southwark and Westminster eight Thousand five hundred more: But in Case of Necessity, there may be Rais’d at least eighty thousand able fighting Men, which being Officer’d by the Members of the Artillery-Company, Commanded by His Royal Highness, are a Force sufficient to Oppose any Enemy, either Forreign or Domestick.

The Mayor of LONDON is, during his Mayoralty, Honor’d with the Title of Lord; Four of his Domestick Attendants are Esquires, viz. the Sword-Bearer, the Common-Hunt, the Common-Cryer, and the Water-Bayliff. He is usually Chosen on Michaelmas Day,Celebrated 29 September. and on the Twenty Ninth of October, with great State, Convey’d to Westminster, where taking his Oath, and returning to the Guild-Hall of the City, a most Magnificent Feast is Prepar’d; frequently Honor’d with the Presence of the King and Queen, Nobility, and Judges, &c. The Sheriffs of the City are Sheriffs of Midlesex also, who attending the Lord-Mayor, appear Abroad usually on Horseback, wearing Gold-chians, and on Festivals their Scarlet Gowns, worn likewise by all the Aldermen; but such who have been Lord-Mayors, wear also their Gold-Chains ever after. The Lord-Mayor has His Great Mace and Sword born before Him, and at Coronations claims to be Chief Butler.

The Traders of this City are divided into several Corporations or Companies, the twelve Principal, of one of which the Lord-Mayor is always Free, are the Mercers, Grocers, Drapers, Fish-Mongers, Gold-Smiths, Skinners, Merchant-Taylors, Haberdashers, Salters, Iron-Mongers, Vintoners, and Cloath-Workers; Whose Halls or Guilds resemble so many stately Pallaces; and their Government, not much unlike that or the City, is by a Master, Wardens, and Assistants: The rest of the Companies, to the Number of about Seventy, besides the first Twelve, have also their Halls, Governors, and Officers, with their Armorial Ensigns, &c. And are accounted One of the Glories of this Super-Eminent City.

To these We may add, the several Companies of Merchants Trading to Foreign Parts: As, Ruffia, Turky, East-India, East-Land, and Africa; whose great Adventures, Care and Conduct, for the Increase of Trade and Navigation, is (under Our Gracious Soveraign) the Glory, Riches, and Strength of not only this City, but the Kingdom also. These Merchants Meet, for the ready Dispatch of Business, twice a-day upon the Royal-Exchange, first Built by Sr. Thomas Gresham, Anno 1566. But since the Fire more splendidly Re-built by the City and Company of Mercers.

This great and populous City is supply’d with all sorts of Provisions and Necessaries for Sustenance and Delights, as well from the Shops and Butchers-Shambles, as the many Markets, wherewith both the City and Suburbs are furnish’d, and they plentifully Stor’d both from Land and Water. The Thames, which, twice a-day, brings into her Bosom, Ships Fraught with the Rarities and Riches of the World, is also convey’d by Engines into the highest Parts of the City; which, with the several Springs and Conduits, receiving adjacent Fountains, and the New-River, brought thither at great Labor and Cost, from Ware, by Sir. Hugh Midleton, Anno 1613. so furnishes This, that no City in the World is more abundantly supply’d with Water. Neither is it less accommodated for Fuel, which is Convey’d to it by the River Thames, from New-Castle, Scotland, Kent, and Essex.

Thus have We given you a Cursory Account of this Celebrated Emporium which for Situation, Exton, Government, Magnificence, Plenty, Riches and Strength, may Challenge any European City what soever.

EXPLANATION OF THE MAP and TABLES.

We Proceed to the Explanation of the MAP, containing 25 Wards,For a list of wards in early modern London, see Wards in MoEML’s Placeography. 122 ParishesFor a list of parishes in early modern London, see Parishes in MoEML’s Placeography. and Liberties,For a list of liberties in early modern London, see Liberties in MoEML’s Placeography. and therein 189 Streets,For a list of streets in early modern London, see Streets in MoEML’s Placeography. 153 Lanes, 522 Alleys, 458 Courts,For a list of inns of court in early modern London, see Inns of Court in MoEML’s Placeography. and 210 Yards bearing Name.

The Broad Black Line is the City Wall. The Line of the Freedom is a Chain. The Division of the Wards, thus o o o o The Parishes, Liberties, and Precincts by a Prick-line . . . . . Each Ward and Parish is known by the Letters and Figures Distributed within their Bounds, which are plac’d in the Tables before their Names, Page 45. &c. The Wards by Capitals without Figures. The Parishes, &c. by Numbers without Letters. The Great Letters with Numbers refer to Halls, Great Buildings, and Inns. The Small Letters to Courts, Yards and Alleys, every Letter being repeated 99 times, and sprinkled in the Space of 5 Inches, running through the MAP, from the Left Hand to the Right, &c. Churches and Eminent Buildings are double Hatch’d, Streets, Lanes, Alleys, Courts, and Yards, are left White. Gardens, &c. faintly Prick’d. Where the Space admits the Name of the Place is in Words at length, but where there is not room, a Letter and Figure refers you to the Table, in which the Streets are Alphabetically dispos’d, and in every Street the Churches and Halls, Places of Note and Inns, with the Courts, Yards and Alleys, are named; then the Lanes in that Street, and the Churches, &c. as aforesaid, in each Lane.

Directions fo the ready finding of any Place.

The Figures between the Black Lines on the Left Hand of every Page, are the same that are above, below, and on the Sides of the MAP: The first Numbers are those on the Sides, and the Other those above and below; their Life is to shew in what Part of the MAP the Street or Lane, &c. may be found: For Example, The Table begins with Addle Street, and against it you have 6-10. find 6 either on the Right or Left Side of the MAP, and guide your Eye till you come over or under 10, and in a Square of 5 Inches which those Figures Govern, you have Addle Street, and in that Square you will find B6. Plaisterers Hall, and B7. Brewers Hall, both in Addle Street; the next is 5-10 Phillip Lane, in Addle-street, yet not altogether in the same Square, but against 5 and under 10, therefore, where either the Lane or Court, &c. falls under other Numbers than those that directs to the Street, the Number is set against it; as, Aldersgate Street is in 3-8. but Black Horse Court in Aldersgate Street, is in 4-8. and Maidenhead Court in 5-9. Many Streets running through several Squares, either from East to West or North to South.

If there be no Figures nor Letters against any Name, then the Figures next above directs to the Square, and the Name is Engraven in the MAP; as, St. Botolph Aldersgate Church is in the Square made by 5-9 Again, any Letter and Figure you have in the MAP, and would know the Name of the Place, observe what Street it’s Passage is into, and that Street you readily find, being plac’d Alphabetically in the Table, and under that Street you have the Letter and Number in the MAP, and the Name of the Place; as in the Square made by 3 on the Side and 9 above, you find A18. the Street is Barbican, find Barbican in the Table, and under that Title you have 3-9 A18 The Earl of Bridgwater’s House. Not far from it, is b68 Plow Yard. And so of the Rest.

A TABLE Directing to the Folio where each Street is to be found, Alphabetically set down. A FolioADdle Street1Addle Hill1Aldermanbury1Aldersgate Street1Ansloe Street2Angel Street2

B Buckside S. Clements2Baldwyn’s Gardens2Barbican2Bassishaw Street3Beavis Marks3Bethlehem3Bishopsgate Street withoutRefers to the section of Bishopsgate Street that is outside the Wall.3Bishopsgate Street withinRefers to the section of Bishopsgate Street that is inside the Wall.4Black Fryers4Blow Bladder Street5Bread Street5Bread-street Hill5Broad Street5Little Brittain6Bucklers Bury6Budg Row6Bull and Mouth Street6Butcher Row6Back Street6Berry Street6Bristol Street6

C Cammomile Street6Cannon Street7Catteaton Street7Cheapside8Chiswel Street9Clerkenwel Close9Clerkenwel Green9Coleman Street9College Hill9Cornhil9Cow-Cross10Crutchet Fryers10Castle Street11Charles Street11

FolioCloath Fair11Colchester Street11The Curtain11

D Dowgate Hill11Duke’s Place11St. Dunstans Hill11Dean Street11Dean & flower Street11Dorset Street11

E Great EastcheapRefers to the section of Eastcheap that is west of New Fish Street and Gracechurch Street.11Little EastcheapRefers to the section of Eastcheap that is east of New Fish Street and Gracechurch Street.12East Smithfield12Eagle Street12Black Eagle Street12

F New Fashion Street12Fashion Street12Fell Street13Fenchurch Street13Finsbury13Old Fish Street13Old Fish Street Hill14New Fish Street14Fleet Street14Fore Street16Fryer Street17Friday Street17

G Garlick Hill17George Street17, 18Giltspur Street18Goldsmith Street18Goswel Street18Gracechurch Street18Grub Street18

H Hatton Wall Street19Hatton Street19East-Harding Street19West-Harding Street19Hart Sreet19Great St. Hellens19Little St. Hellens19Hockley in the Hole19

FolioHolborn19Holliwel Street21Hounsditch21

I Jewin Street21St. John Street22St. John’s Court22

K St. Katherines23New King Street23King Edward Street23King Tudor Street23Kirby Street23Knight Rider Street23

L Lambeth Hill23S. Laurence Poul. Hill23Leaden-Hall Street23Lime Street24Lincolns-Inn Fields24Liquorpond Street24Loathbury24London Wall24Ludgate Hill25Ludgate Street25Lumbard Hill25

M St. Martins le grand25St. Mary Axe26Milk Street26Minories26Little Minories27Montague Street27Moor Fields27Little Moor Fields27Mugwel Street27Middle Street27Monmouth Street28

N New Canal28Newgate Street28Noble Street28Norton Folgate29Newcastle Street29New Street29

O St. Olave Hart Street29Old Baily29, 30Old Change30Old Jewry30Old Street30

P Pater Noster Row31S. Pauls Church Yard31Pauls Chain31Great Pearl Street32

FolioThe Postern32The Poultrey32Puddle Dock Hill32Pye-Corner32Little Pearl Street32St. Peters Hill32Petty France32

Q New Queen Street32Queen Hith32

R Red Cross Street32River Street33

S Saffron Hill33Shordeditch33Silver Street33Snow Hill33Southhampt. Buildings34The Strand34Sutton Street35Stone Cutters Street35Strangeway Street35

T MidleI.e., Middle Temple. & Iner Temple35Thames Street35St. Thomas Apostles38Backside ST. Apostles38Threadneedle Street38Throgmorton Street38Tower Street39Great Tower Hill39Little Tower Hill39Tower Ditch39Tower Royal Street40Turn-mill Street40Throll Street40Timber Street40

V Vine Street40

W Walbrook40Watling Street40Wentford Street40Westbury Street41West Smithfield41Wheelers Street42White Cross Street42White Chapel43White Fryers44Wich Street44Wood Street44Wormwood Street45Water Street45Winchester Street45Wards45Parishes46, 47, 48

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