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Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
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TY - ELEC
A1 - Zabel, Jamie
ED - Jenstad, Janelle
T1 - Farringdon Within Ward
T2 - The Map of Early Modern London
ET - 7.0
PY - 2022
DA - 2022/05/05
CY - Victoria
PB - University of Victoria
LA - English
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/FARR1.htm
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/FARR1.xml
ER -
Castle Baynard Ward is west of Queenhithe Ward and Bread Street Ward. The ward is named after Baynard’s Castle, one of its main ornaments.
Farringdon Without Ward is west of Farringdon Within Ward and Aldersgate Ward and is located outside the Wall. This ward is called without
Newgate and Ludgate and to differentiate it from Farringdon Within Ward. Farringdon Without Ward and its counterpart within the Wall are both named after
Farringdon Ward is the name of the larger, single ward predating both Farringdon Within Ward and Farringdon Without Ward. This ward was divided by
Aldersgate Ward is west of Cripplegate Ward. Both the ward and its main street are named after Aldersgate, the north gate of the city.
The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (
Located in Farringdon Within Ward, Ludgate was a gate built by the Romans (Carlin and Belcher 80). for his owne honor
(Stow 1:1).
The gaol at Newgate, a western gate in the Roman Wall of London, was constructed in the twelfth century specifically to detain fellons and trespassors
awaiting trial by royal judges (Durston 470; O’Donnell 25; Stow 1598, sig. C8r). The gradual centralisation of the English criminal justice system meant that by the
Cheap Ward is west of Bassinghall Ward and Coleman Street Ward. Both the ward and its main street, Cheapside, are named after West Cheap (the market).
Cheapside Cross (Eleanor Cross), pictured but not labelled on the
Agas map, stood on Cheapside Street between Friday Street and Wood
Street. St. Peter, Westcheap lay to its
west, on the north side of Cheapside Street. The
prestigious shops of
Cheapside Street, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside Street separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside Street was the centre of London’s wealth, with many
Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside Street and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled as Wood Streat
on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.
Gutter Lane ran north-south from Cheapside to Maiden Lane (Wood Street). It is to the west of Wood Street and to the east of Foster Lane, lying within the north-eastern most area of Farringdon Ward Within and serving as a boundary to Aldersgate ward. It is labelled as Goutter Lane
on the Agas map.
Huggin Lane (Wood Street) ran east-west connecting Wood Street in the east to Gutter Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Cheapside in the south and Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the north. It was in Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled as Hoggyn la
on the Agas map.
Carey Lane ran east-west, connecting Gutter Lane in the east and Foster Lane in the west. It ran parallel between Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the north and Cheapside Street in the south. The Agas Map labels it Kerie la
.
Foster Lane ran north-south between Cheapside in the south and Oat Lane in the north. It crossed Lily Pot Lane, St. Anne’s Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), and Carey Lane. It sat between St. Martin’s Lane to the west and Gutter Lane to the east. Foster Lane is drawn on the Agas Map in the correct position, labelled as Forster Lane
.
Noble Street ran north-south between Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the south and Silver Street in the north. It is all of Aldersgate street ward
(Stow). On the Agas map, it is labelled as Noble Str.
and is depicted as having a right-hand curve at its north end, perhaps due to an offshoot of the London Wall.
Noble Street is not to be confused with Watling Street, which bears Noble
as a variant toponym.
London Wall was a long street running along the inside of the northern part of the City Wall. It ran east-west from the north end of Broad Street to Cripplegate (Prockter and Taylor 43). The modern London Wall street is a major traffic thoroughfare now. It follows roughly the route of the former wall, from Old Broad Street to the Museum of London (whose address is 150 London Wall).
Cripplegate was one of the original gates in the city wall (Weinreb, Hibbert, Keay, and Keay 221; Harben). It was the northern gate of a large fortress that occupied the northwestern corner of the Roman city.
St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand) ran north-south between St. Anne’s Lane and Cheapside Street and was located at the western edge of Aldersgate Ward. The street takes its name from the church of St. Martin’s le Grand located to the east of the street. This portion of the Agas map is labelled
Pentecost Lane ran north from Newgate Street past St. Nicholas Shambles, now Roman Bath Street. Pentecost Lane is not featured on the Agas map.
North out of Newgate, Stinking Lane runs parallel to both Pentecost Lane and Butchers’ Alley. Ekwall notes Stinking Lane as a euphemistic variant of Fowle Lane, while
Friday Street passed south through Bread Street Ward, beginning at the cross in Cheapside Street and ending at Old Fish Street. It was one of many streets that ran into Cheapside Street market whose name is believed to originate from the goods that were sold there.
Watling Street ran east-west between St. Sythes Lane in Cordwainer Street Ward and Old Change in Bread Street Ward. It is visible on the Agas map under the label Watlinge ſtreat
.
Noble Street
(Stow 1598, sig. O4v). This should not lead to confusion with Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward. There is an etymological explanation for this crossover of names. According to Ekwall, the name Watling
ultimately derives from an Old English word meaning king’s son
(Ekwall 81-82). Watling Street remains distinct from the Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward.
Surrounding St. Paul’s Cathedral, St. Paul’s Churchyard has had a multi-faceted history in use and function, being the location of burial, crime, public gathering, and celebration. Before its destruction during the civil war, St. Paul’s Cross was located in the middle of the churchyard, providing a place for preaching and the delivery of Papal edicts (Thornbury).
According to the Virtual Pauls’ Cross Project, St. Paul’s Gate (northern) was located at the intersection of Paternoster Row and Cheapside Street and gave access to St Paul’s Churchyard from the northeast (VPCP). Carlin and Belcher’s 1270 map simply labels the gate as
Paul’s Cross Churchyard, also known as the Cross Yard, is the area on the northeast side of St. Paul’s Cathedral. It was one of the principal bookselling areas in early modern London.
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In
The Golden Lion was a victualling house located on Paternoster Row, right on the boundary between Castle Baynard Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. Agas coordinates are based on
Bowyer Row, according to Harben, ran east-west from Creed Lane to Ludgate (Harben). It was the unofficial yet descriptive name given to a section of Ludgate Street by early modern Londoners, so called of bowiers dwelling there in old time
(Stow 1598, sig. T1v).
The largest and wealthiest friary in England, Blackfriars was not only a
religious institution but also a cultural, intellectual, and political centre of London. The friary housed
London’s Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) after their move from
the smaller Blackfriars precincts in Holborn. The Dominicans’ aquisition of the site,
overseen by
The Little Conduit (Cheapside), also known as the Pissing Conduit, stood at the western end of Cheapside Street outside the north corner of Paul’s Churchyard. On the Agas map, one can see two water cans on the ground just to the right of the conduit.
Warwick Lane or Eldenese Lane ran north-south from Newgate Street to Paternoster Row. Its name is derived from Warwick’s Inn, a structure built by one of the Earls of Warwick about the
Farringdon Within Ward shares parts of its eastern and southern borders with the western and northern boundaries of Castle Baynard Ward. This ward is called
The Julian calendar, in use in the British Empire until September 1752. This calendar is used for dates where the date of the beginning of the year is ambigious.
The Julian calendar with the calendar year regularized to beginning on 1 January.
The Julian calendar with the calendar year beginning on 25 March. This was the calendar used in the British Empire until September 1752.
The Gregorian calendar, used in the British Empire from September 1752. Sometimes
referred to as
The Anno Mundi (year of the world
) calendar is based on the supposed date of the
creation of the world, which is calculated from Biblical sources. At least two different
creation dates are in common use. See Anno Mundi (Wikipedia).
Regnal dates are given as the number of years into the reign of a particular monarch.
Our practice is to tag such dates with
Research Assistant, 2020-2021. Managing Encoder, 2020-2021. Jamie Zabel was an MA student at the University of Victoria in the Department of English. She completed her BA in English at the University of British Columbia in 2017. She published a paper in University College London’s graduate publication
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.
Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.
Research Assistant, 2004–2008. BA honours, 2006. MA English, University of Victoria, 2007. Melanie Chernyk went on to work at the Electronic Textual Cultures Lab at the University of Victoria and now manages Talisman Books and Gallery on Pender Island, BC. She also has her own editing business at http://26letters.ca.
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
Author.
Sheriff of London
Son of
Knight. Father of
Alderman.
Alderman.
Alderman.
King of England
Alderman. Son of
Sheriff of London
Sheriff of London
Sheriff of London
Mayor of London
Alderman.
King of England
Alderman.
Sheriff of London
The
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Farringdon Within Ward shares parts of its eastern and southern borders with the western and northern boundaries of Castle Baynard Ward. This ward is called
The following diplomatic transcription of the opening paragraph(s) of the 1603 chapter on this ward will eventually be subsumed into the MoEML edition of the 1603
ON the ſouth ſide of Alderſgate warde
lyeth Faringdon ward, called infra
or within, for a difference from an other ward of that name, which lyeth
without the wals of the citie, and is therfore called Farndon extra. Theſe two wardes of old time were
but one, and had alſo but one Alderman, til the
Then again into Cheape, and to Foſter lane, and down that Lane on the eaſt ſide, to the north ſide of ſaint Fauſters church, and on the Weſt, till ouer againſt the Southweſt corner of the ſaide Church, from whence downe Fauſter lane, and Noble ſtreet is all of Alderſgate ſtreete ward, till yee come to the ſtone wall, in the Weſt ſide of Noble ſtreete, as is afore ſhewed. Which ſayde Wall downe to Neuils Inne, or Windſor houſe, and downe Monkes well ſtreete, on that weſt ſide, then by London wall to Criplegate, and the weſt ſide of that ſame gate is all of Faringdon Ward.
Then backe againe into Cheape, and from Fauſter Lane end, to S. Martins lane end, and from thence through ſaint Nicholas ſhambles, by Penticoſt Lane, and Butchers alley, and by ſtinking lane through Newgate market to Newgate. All which is the North ſide of Faringdon warde.
On the ſouth from againſt the ſaide great Croſſe in Cheap Weſt to Fridayes ſtreete, and downe that ſtreete on the Eaſt ſide, till ouer againſt the North Eaſt corner of ſaint Mathewes Church: and on the weſt ſide, till the ſouth corner of the ſaide Church.
Then againe along Cheape to the old Exchange, and downe that lane (on
the Eaſt ſide) to the parriſh church of Saint Auguſtine which church and one
houſe next adioyning in Watheling
ſtreet bee of this warde, and on the weſt ſide of this lane, to the
eaſt arch or gate by ſaint Auguſtines
church, which entereth the ſouth churchyeard of ſaint Paules, which arch or gate was builded by
Then againe into Cheape, and from the North end of the olde Exchaunge, Weſt by the North gate of Powles churchyearde, vp Pater Noſter Row, by the two lanes out of Powles church, and to a ſigne of the Golding Lyon, which is ſome twelue houſes ſhort of Aue Mary lane: the weſt ſide of which Lane is of this Warde.
Then at the ſouth end of Aue Mary lane, is Creede Lane, the weſt ſide whereof, is alſo of this ward.
Now betwixt the ſouth ende of Aue Mary Lane, and the North end of Creede lane, is the comming out of Paules churchyard: on the Eaſt, and the high ſtreete called Bowier row to Ludgate, on the weſt, which way to Ludgate is of this ward. On the North ſide whereof is ſaint Martins Church. And on the South ſide a turning into the Blacke Friers.
Now to turne up againe to the North ende of Aue Mary lane, there is a ſhort lane which runneth Weſt ſome ſmall diſtaunce, and is there cloſed vp with a gate into a great houſe: and this is called Amen lane.
Then on the north ſide of Pater noſter Row, beginning at the Conduit ouer againſt the olde Exchaunge Lane ende, and going weſt by ſaint Michaels Church. At the weſt end of which Church is a ſmall paſſage through towardes the North. And beyond this Church ſome ſmall diſtance, is another paſſage, which is called Paniar Alley, and commeth out againſt Saint Martins lane ende.
Then further weſt in Pater Noſter Row, is Iuie lane, which runneth North to the Weſt end of Saint Nicholas Shambles. And then weſt Pater noſter Rowe, till ouer againſt the golden Lion, where the ward endeth for that ſtreete.
Then about ſome dozen houſes (which is of Bainards Caſtell Warde) to Warwicke lane end: which Warwicke Lane ſtretcheth north to the high ſtreet of Newgate Market. And the weſt ſide of Warwicke lane is of this Faringdon ward. For the Eaſt ſide of Warwicke lane, of Aue Marie lane, and of Creede lane, with the Weſt end of Pater Noſter Row, are all of Baynardes Caſtell warde.
Yet to begin againe at the ſaide Conduit by the old Exchange, on the North ſide thereof is a large ſtreet that runneth vp to Newgate, as is aforeſaid. The firſt part or ſouth ſide whereof, from the Conduit to the Shambles, is called Bladder ſtreet. Then on the backeſide of the ſhambles be diuers ſlaughter houſes, and ſuch like, pertaining to the ſhambles, & this is called Mount Godard ſtreet. Then is the Shambles it ſelfe. And then Newgate Market. And ſo the whole ſtreet on both ſides up to Newgate, is of this warde, and thus it is wholy bounded.
Ward boundaries drawn on the Agas map are approximate. The Agas map does not lend itself well to georeferencing or georectification, which means that we have not been able to import the raster-based or vector-based shapes that have been generously offered to us by other projects. We have therefore used our drawing tools to draw polygons on the map surface that follow the lines traced verbally in the opening paragraph(s) of each ward chapter in the