The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information. Author MoEML TeamAuthorMartin HolmesJunior ProgrammerJoey TakedaProgrammerMartin HolmesAssociate Project DirectorKim McLean-FianderProject DirectorJanelle JenstadThe Map of Early Modern Londonhttp://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/includes.xmlVictoria, BC, Canada
Department of English P.O.Box 3070 STNC CSC University of Victoria Victoria, BC Canada V8W 3W1
2016University of Victoria978-1-55058-519-3

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Further details of licences are available from our Licences page. For more information, contact the project director, Janelle Jenstad, for specific information on the availability and licensing of content found in files on this site.

 Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - The MoEML Team The MoEML Team A1 - Holmes, Martin ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information. T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopediaLocationHospital.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/mdtEncyclopediaLocationHospital.xml ER - The MoEML Team The MoEML Team, and Martin D. Holmes. The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopediaLocationHospital.htm. The MoEML Team The MoEML Team, and Martin D. Holmes. The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/mdtEncyclopediaLocationHospital.htm. The MoEML Team The MoEML Team, & Holmes, M. D. 2022. The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information. In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/mdtEncyclopediaLocationHospital.htm. Born digital; auto-generated with XSLT. London

The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (London).

(LOND5.xml) Bethlehem Hospital

Although its name evokes the pandemonium of the archetypal madhouse, Bethlehem (Bethlem, Bedlam) Hospital was not always an asylum. As Stow tells us, Saint Mary of Bethlehem began as a Priorie of Cannons with brethren and sisters, founded in 1247 by Simon Fitzmary, one of the Sheriffes of London (Stow 1:164). We know from Stow’s Survey that the hospital, part of Bishopsgate ward (without), resided on the west side of Bishopsgate Street, just north of St. Botolph without Bishopsgate (Stow 1:165).

(BETH1.xml) Bridewell

Bridewell was a prison and hospital. The site was originally a royal palace (Bridewell Palace) but was transferred to the City of London in 1553, when it was converted to function as an orphanage and house of correction. Bridewell is located on the Agas map at the corner of the Thames and Fleet Ditch, labelled as Bride Well.

(BRID2.xml) Christ’s Hospital

Located in Farringdon Within Ward, Christ’s Hospital was a opened in 1552 as a home for London’s needy children. Inspired by the preaching of Dr. Nicholas Ridley, Edward VI decided to charter the hospital days before his death in 1553 (Manzione 33). Although it began as a hospital, Christ’s Hospital eventually became known for its respected school (Pearce 206).

(CHRI2.xml) Hospital of St. Mary within Cripplegate

Harben notes that the first known mention of the hospital, which is in the calendar of the patent rolls, stated that a license [was] granted to William de Elsyng to alienate in mortmain certain houses in the parishes of St. Alphege and St. Mary (Aldermanbury) to found a hospital for 100 blind people in honour of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Harben 217). The aforementioned William de Elsyng was the hospital’s warden from 1330–1331, and the hospital derived its other commonly used name, Elsing Spital, from him (Harben 217).

(STMA58.xml) Savoy Hospital

Savoy Hospital was located along the Strand in Westminster. Henry VII founded the hospital in 1505 (Slack 229–30). Stow writes that the hospital was for the reliefe of one hundreth poore people (Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r). The hospital was suppressed by Edward VI and reendowed by Mary I. Savoy Hospital was finally dissolved in 1702, while its St. John the Baptist’s Chapel remains (Sugden 452).

(SAVO1.xml) St. Anthony’s Hospital

St. Anthony’s Hospital was associated with the Parish of St. Benet (Fink) and was on the opposite side of Threadneedle Street from the church of the parish, St. Benet Fink. According to Stow, Henry III granted the construction of a synagogue in this space. The building was constructed for that purpose in 1231, but, as Stow writes, the christians obtayned of the king that it should be dedicated to our blessed Lady, and since an Hospital being there builded, was called S. Anthonies in London (Stow 1598, sig. K8v). The hospital consisted of a church, almsnouse, and school.

(STAN10.xml) St. Bartholomew’s Hospital

According to Stow, St. Bartholomew’s Hospital was located on the west side of Smithfield in Farringdon Without Ward. Originally a religious hospital, it was founded by its first prior, Rahere, in 1102 (Stow 1598, sig. X1r). It was dissolved under Henry VIII and reendowed and granted to the City of London in 1544 as a part of the civic hospital system.

(STBA2.xml) St. Giles in the Fields

St. Giles in the Fields was a hospital and parish church. It is marked near the western edge of the Agas map with the label S. Gyles in the Fyeld. According to Stow, St. Giles in the Fields was founded as a leprosy house by Matilda of Scotland during the reign of Henry I. The hospital was eventually suppressed by Henry VIII (Stow 1598, sig. 2D6v).

(STGI2.xml) St. John’s of Jerusalem

St. John’s of Jerusalem provided housing and care for pilgrims and crusading knights. It was held by the Knights Hospitallers and dissolved in the reign of Henry VIII (Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r).

(STJO3.xml) St. Katherine’s Hospital

St. Katherine’s Hospital was a religious hospital founded in 1148. According to Stow, the hospital was founded by Queen Matilda. The hospital, the grounds of which contained a church, gardens, orchards, and residences, was at the southern end of St. Katherine’s Lane and north of the St. Katherine Steps, all of which is east of the Tower of London. Stow praised the choir of the hospital, noting how it was not much inferior to that of [St.] Paules [Cathedral] (Stow).

(STKA3.xml) St. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch)

According to Stow, St. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch) was founded by Robert Denton in 1371. Stow writes that it was suppressed under either Edward III or Henry V (Stow 1598, sig. H3v). Elsewhere in the 1598 Survey, Stow mentions that after the hospital’s suppression, the location was given to St. Katherine’s Hospital (Stow 1598, sig. 2D6v).

(STMA62.xml) St. Mary Rounceval’s Hospital

According to Stow, St. Mary Rounceval’s Hospital was founded in the fifteenth year of Edward IV’s reign near Charing Cross. It was suppressed first under Henry V and then finally under Edward VI, after which the site was converted into tenements (Stow 1598, sig. 2D7r; Stow 1598, sig. E4r).

(STMA11.xml) St. Mary Spital

St. Mary Spital was an Augustinian Priory and Hospital on the east side of Bishopsgate Street. The Priory dates from 1197. The old precinct of St. Mary Spital is visible on the Agas map. The church itself was demolished after the Dissolution of the Monasteries in 1539. By the time the Agas map was drawn, many of the priory buildings had been removed and the area appears sparse.

(STMA12.xml) St. Thomas Hospital

St. Thomas Hospital was a hospital and parish church dedicated to St. Thomas Becket (Stow 1598, sig. Y7v). Originally located in St. Mary Overies Priory Close, St. Thomas Hospital was relocated to the eastern side of Long Southwark near Thieves’ Lane in the thirteenth century (Walford). The early modern location of St. Thomas Hospital is depicted near the bottom of the Agas map, though it is not labelled. It is also depicted on Rocque and Pine’s 1746 map (<ref type="bibl" target="BIBL1.xml#ROCQ1">A Plan of the Cities of London and Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings</ref>), where it is labelled "St. Thomas’s Hospital".

(STTH4.xml)

The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information.

The Julian calendar, in use in the British Empire until September 1752. This calendar is used for dates where the date of the beginning of the year is ambigious.

The Julian calendar with the calendar year regularized to beginning on 1 January.

The Julian calendar with the calendar year beginning on 25 March. This was the calendar used in the British Empire until September 1752.

The Gregorian calendar, used in the British Empire from September 1752. Sometimes referred to as New Style (NS). Years run from January 1 through December 31.

The Anno Mundi (year of the world) calendar is based on the supposed date of the creation of the world, which is calculated from Biblical sources. At least two different creation dates are in common use. See Anno Mundi (Wikipedia).

Regnal dates are given as the number of years into the reign of a particular monarch. Our practice is to tag such dates with @calendar="regnal", and provide an equivalent date using a more systematic calendar (usually Julian) in a custom dating attribute.

Most MoEML documents, or significant fragments with @xml:id attributes, can be addressed using the mol: prefix and accessed through the web application with their id + .xml.

The molagas prefix points to the shape representation of a location on MoEML’s OpenLayers3-based rendering of the Agas Map.

Links to page-images in the Chadwyck-Healey Early English Books Online (EEBO) repository. Note that this is a subscription service, and may not be accessible to those accessing it from locations outside member institutions.

Links to page-images in the English Broadside Ballad Archive (EBBA).

The mdt (MoEML Document Type) prefix used on <catRef>/@target points to a central taxonomy in the includes file.

The mdtlist (MoEML Document Type listing) prefix used in linking attributes points to a listings page constructed from a category in the central MDT taxonomy in the includes file. There are two variants, one with the plain @xml:id of the category, meaning all documents in the specified category, and one with the suffix _subcategories, meaning all subcategories of the category.

The molgls (MoEML gloss) prefix used on <term>/@corresp points to a a glossary entry in the GLOSS1.xml file.

This molvariant prefix is used on <ref>/@target attributes during automated generation of gazetteer index files. It points to an element in the generated variant spellings listing file which lists all documents which contain a particular spelling variant for a location.

This molajax prefix is used on <ref>/@target attributes during the static build process, to specify links which point to MoEML resources which should not be loaded into the source page during standalone processing; instead, these should be turned into links to the XML source documents, and at HTML page load time, these should be turned into AJAX calls. This is to handle the scenario in which a page such as an A-Z index of the whole site would end up containing virtually the whole site inside itself.

The molstow prefix is used on @facs attributes to link to the HCMC verison of the Stow facsimiles. Usually the first group is the year (1633) and then last is the image number (0001).

The molshows prefix is used on @facs attributes to link to the copies of page-images from mayoral shows stored in the london account on the HCMC server. The first group is the year (1633), the second is the source repository, and then last is the image file name.

The sb prefix is used on <ref>/@target attributes to link to Stow’s Books URLs at UToronto.

Our editorial and encoding practices are documented in detail in the Praxis section of our website.

Author A person or organization chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of a work, usually printed text. This term may also be used when more than one person or body bears such responsibility. MoEML uses the term author to designate a contributor who is wholly or partly responsible for the original content of either a born-digital document, such as an encyclopedia entry, or a primary source document, such as a MoEML Library text. Project director A person or organization with primary responsibility for all essential aspects of a project, or that manages a very large project that demands senior level responsibility, or that has overall responsibility for managing projects, or provides overall direction to a project manager. MoEML’s Project Director directs the intellectual and scholarly aspects of the project, consults with the Advisory and Editorial Boards, and ensures the ongoing funding of the project. Programmer A person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. MoEML uses the term programmer to designate a person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. Research team head A person who directed or managed a research project. MoEML uses the terms research term head and assistant project manager interchangeably. Auto-generated as part of static build process.
Hospitals

The hospital of early modern London was a fast-evolving platial concept. Many religious hospitals were dissolved in or shortly after 1536 during the Dissolution of the Monasteries. These religious hospitals covered a wide range of hospitality-related functions, including medical and spiritual care, almsgiving, education, and pilgrim lodging. After the Dissolution, new and reendowed hospitals played a central role in the City of London’s developing poor relief program. Our categorization covers the wider range of pre- and post-Reformation hospitals that existed within our temporal scope or are remembered in our primary sources. Many of these are also indiscernible from their associated churches and therefore fall under both categories. See our Hospitals topic page for more information.

TitlePoints on Agas MapArticle statusBethlehem HospitalAgas MapPublishedBridewellAgas MapPublishedChrist’s HospitalAgas MapPublishedHospital of St. Mary within CripplegateAgas MapStubSavoy HospitalAgas MapStubSt. Anthony’s HospitalAgas MapStubSt. Bartholomew’s HospitalAgas MapStubSt. Giles in the FieldsAgas MapStubSt. John’s of JerusalemAgas MapStubSt. Katherine’s HospitalAgas MapPublishedSt. Mary Hospital (Barkingchurch)   StubSt. Mary Rounceval’s HospitalAgas MapStubSt. Mary SpitalAgas MapStubSt. Thomas HospitalAgas MapStub
Participants Joey Takeda Joey Takeda JT

Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.

 Kim McLean-Fiander Kim McLean-Fiander KMF

Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.

 Janelle Jenstad Janelle Jenstad JJ

Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).

 Martin D. Holmes Martin D. Holmes MDH

Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.

 Corporation of London

The Corporation of London was the municipal government of London, made up of the Mayor of London, the Court of Aldermen, and the Court of Common Council. It exists today in largely the same form.

 The MoEML Team The MoEML Team Project Leaders, 2021 Project Leaders, 2021 Research Assistants, 2021 Research Assistants, 2021 Developers, 2021 Developers, 2021 Project Management, 2021 Project Management, 2021 Project Leaders, 2020 Project Leaders, 2020 Research Assistants, 2020 Research Assistants, 2020 Developers, 2020 Developers, 2020 Project Management, 2020 Project Management, 2020 Project Leaders, 2019 Project Leaders, 2019 Research Assistants, 2019 Research Assistants, 2019 Developers, 2019 Developers, 2019 Project Management, 2019 Project Management, 2019 Project Leaders, 2018 Project Leaders, 2018 Research Assistants, 2018 Research Assistants, 2018 Developers, 2018 Developers, 2018 Project Management, 2018 Project Management, 2018 Project Leaders, 2017 Project Leaders, 2017 Research Assistants, 2017 Research Assistants, 2017 Developers, 2017 Developers, 2017 Project Management, 2017 Project Management, 2017 Project Leaders, 2016 Project Leaders, 2016 Research Assistants, 2016 Research Assistants, 2016 Developers, 2016 Developers, 2016 Project Management, 2016 Project Management, 2016 Project Leaders, 2015 Project Leaders, 2015 Research Assistants, 2015 Research Assistants, 2015 Developers, 2015 Developers, 2015 Project Management, 2015 Project Management, 2015 Project Leaders, 2014 Project Leaders, 2014 Research Assistants, 2014 Research Assistants, 2014 Project Leaders, 2013 Project Leaders, 2013 Research Assistants, 2013 Research Assistants, 2013 Project Leaders, 2012 Project Leaders, 2012 Research Assistants, 2012 Research Assistants, 2012 Project Leaders, 2011 Project Leaders, 2011 Research Assistants, 2011 Research Assistants, 2011 Project Leaders, 2010 Project Leaders, 2010 Research Assistants, 2010 Research Assistants, 2010 Project Leaders, 2009 Project Leaders, 2009 Research Assistants, 2009 Research Assistants, 2009 Project Leaders, 2008 Project Leaders, 2008 Research Assistants, 2008 Research Assistants, 2008 Project Leaders, 2007 Project Leaders, 2007 Research Assistants, 2007 Research Assistants, 2007 Project Leaders, 2006 Project Leaders, 2006 Research Assistants, 2006 Research Assistants, 2006 Developers, 2006 Developers, 2006 Project Leaders, 2005 Project Leaders, 2005 Research Assistants, 2005 Research Assistants, 2005 Developers, 2005 Developers, 2005 Project Leaders, 2004 Project Leaders, 2004 Research Assistants, 2004 Research Assistants, 2004 Project Leaders, 2003 Project Leaders, 2003 Research Assistants, 2003 Research Assistants, 2003 Project Leaders, 2002 Project Leaders, 2002 Research Assistants, 2002 Research Assistants, 2002 Project Leaders, 2001 Project Leaders, 2001 Research Assistants, 2001 Research Assistants, 2001 Project Leaders, 2000 Project Leaders, 2000 Research Assistants, 2000 Research Assistants, 2000 Project Leaders, 1999 Project Leaders, 1999 Research Assistants, 1999 Research Assistants, 1999 Former Student Contributors Former Student Contributors

We’d also like to acknowledge students who contributed to MoEML’s intranet predecessor at the University of Windsor between 1999 and 2003. When we redeveloped MoEML for the Internet in 2006, we were not able to include all of the student projects that had been written for courses in Shakespeare, Renaissance Drama, and/or Writing Hypertext. Nonetheless, these students contributed materially to the conceptual development of the project.

These are all MoEML team members since 1999 to present. To see the current members and structure of our team, see <ref target="team.xml">Team</ref>.