Love Lane (Thames Street) Author Paisley Mann Editor Janelle Jenstad Encoder Janelle Jenstad Copy Editor Joey Takeda Programmer Stewart Arneil Data Manager Tye Landels Junior Programmer Joey Takeda Programmer Martin Holmes Associate Project Director Kim McLean-Fiander Project Director Janelle Jenstad The Map of Early Modern Londonhttp://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/includes.xmlVictoria, BC, Canada
Department of English P.O.Box 3070 STNC CSC University of Victoria Victoria, BC Canada V8W 3W1
2016University of Victoria978-1-55058-519-3

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 Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Mann, Paisley ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Love Lane (Thames Street) T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/LOVE1.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/LOVE1.xml ER - Mann, Paisley. Love Lane (Thames Street). The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/LOVE1.htm. Mann, Paisley. Love Lane (Thames Street). The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/LOVE1.htm. Mann, P. 2022. Love Lane (Thames Street). In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/LOVE1.htm. Born digital. The Annual Register, or, A View of the History and Politics of the Year 1851. London, 1851. Remediated by Internet Archive. Big London Street Atlas. London: Geographers’ A–Z Map Company, 2004. Print. Bebbington, Gillian. London Street Names. London: B.T. Batsford, 1972. Print. Chalfant, Fran C. Ben Jonson’s London: A Jacobean Placename Dictionary. Athens: U of Georgia P, 1978. Print. Ekwall, Eilert. Street-Names of the City of London. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965. Print. Gibbs, Richard. An invitation to Mr. John Garlick’s houſe at the sign of the George in Love-Lane near Billingſgate, to the eating of a diſh of meat, called a Spanish oleo. London: J.R., 1683. Wing G665. Harben, Henry A. A Dictionary of London. London: Herbert Jenkins, 1918. [Available digitally from British History Online: https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/dictionary-of-london.] Howell, James. Londinopolis, an historicall discourse or perlustration of the city of London, the imperial chamber, and chief emporium of Great Britain whereunto is added another of the city of Westminster, with the courts of justice, antiquities, and new buildings thereunto belonging. London, 1657. Wing H3090. Hughson, David. London; Being an Accurate History and Description of the London Metropolis and its Neighbourhood to Thirty Miles Extent, from an actual Perambulation. 8 vols. London: W. Stratford, Crown Court, Temple Bar, 1806. Print. Humphreys, Rob. The Rough Guide to London. London: Rough Guides, 2003. Print. Kingsford, Charles Lethbridge, ed. A Survey of London by John Stow. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. Print. Rawlings, Gertrude Burford. The Streets of London: Their History and Associations. London: Geoffrey Bles, 1926. Print. Smith, Al. Dictionary of City of London Street Names. New York: Arco, 1970. Print. Weinreb, Ben, and Christopher Hibbert, eds. The London Encyclopaedia. New York: St. Martin’s P, 1983. Print. [You may also wish to consult the 3rd edition, published in 2008.] Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford UP. https://www.oed.com/. Stow, John. A Survey of London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603. Ed. Charles Lethbridge Kingsford. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, 1908. See also the digital transcription of this edition at British History Online. Billingsgate Ward

Billingsgate Ward is west of Tower Street Ward. The ward is named after Billingsgate, a water-gate and harbour on the Thames.

(BILL2.xml) Tower of London Information is not yet available. (TOWE5.xml) St. Andrew Hubbard Information is not yet available. (STAN2.xml) Thames Street

Thames Street was the longest street in early modern London, running east-west from the ditch around the Tower of London in the east to St. Andrew’s Hill and Puddle Wharf in the west, almost the complete span of the city within the walls.

(THAM1.xml) St. Mary at Hill Street Information is not yet available. (STMA13.xml) Botolph Lane Information is not yet available. (BOTO1.xml) Aldermanbury

Aldermanbury ran north-south, between Lad Lane in the south and Love Lane in the north and parallel between Wood Street in the west and Basinghall Street in the east. It lay wholly in Cripplegate Ward. This street is not to be confused with Alderman Bury, the former meeting place of the Court of Alderman.

(ALDE1.xml) Coleman Street Information is not yet available. (COLE1.xml) St. Christopher le Stocks

St. Christopher le Stocks was originally built on Threadneedle Street on the banks of Walbrook before 1225, and was dedicated to the patron saint of watermen (Weinreb and Hibbert 751). The church has been known by many names, which include St. Christopher upon Cornhull, St. Christopher in Bradestrete, and St. Christopher near le Shambles (Harben; BHO). Since the fourteenth century, the church has been known as some variant of St. Christopher le Stocks, which derives from its proximity to the Stocks Market. The church is not labelled, but is identifiable, on the Agas map.

(STCH1.xml) London

The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (London).

(LOND5.xml) Philpot Lane Information is not yet available. (PHIL2.xml) Pudding Lane

Pudding Lane is most famously known as the starting point of the Great Fire of 1666. Pudding Lane ran south from Little Eastcheap down to Thames Street, with New Fish Street (Newfyshe Streat) framing it on the west and Botolph Lane on the east. The only intersecting street on Pudding Lane is St. George’s Lane, and the nearby parishes include St. Margaret (New Fish Street), St. Magnus, St. Botolph (Billingsgate), St. George (Botolph Lane), and St. Leonard (Eastcheap). On Ekwall’s map it is labeled as Rother (Pudding) Lane after Stow’s account of the lane’s former title. Pudding Lane is contained within Billingsgate Ward.

(PUDD1.xml) Little Eastcheap Information is not yet available. (LITT4.xml) Parish of St. Mary-at-Hill Information is not yet available. (STMA149.xml) Billingsgate

Billingsgate (Bylynges gate or Belins Gate), a water-gate and harbour located on the north side of the Thames between London Bridge and the Tower of London, was London’s principal dock in Shakespeare’s day. Its age and the origin of its name are uncertain. It was probably built ca. 1000 in response to the rebuilding of London Bridge in the tenth or eleventh century.

(BILL1.xml) Love Lane (Wood Street)

Love Lane (Wood Street) ran east-west, connecting Aldermanbury in the east and Wood Street in the west. It ran parallel to Addle Street in the north and Lad Lane in the south. It lay within Cripplegate Ward, and is labelled as Lone la. on the Agas map.

(LOVE2.xml) Wood Street

Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside Street and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled as Wood Streat on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.

(WOOD1.xml) Cripplegate Ward

Cripplegate Ward is east of Aldersgate Ward and Farringdon Within Ward, encompassing area both inside and outside the Wall. The ward is named after Cripplegate.

(CRIP2.xml) St. Mary at Hill Information is not yet available. (STMA43.xml)

Love Lane (Thames Street) was situated within Billingsgate Ward (or Belingsgate) (Hughson 91). Billingsgate Ward is two wards to the west of the Tower of London. The Agas map shows that the lane goes from north to south—up to St. Andrew Hubbard and down to Thames Street. It runs parallel to the streets St. Mary-at-Hill Street and Botolph Lane.

The Julian calendar, in use in the British Empire until September 1752. This calendar is used for dates where the date of the beginning of the year is ambigious.

The Julian calendar with the calendar year regularized to beginning on 1 January.

The Julian calendar with the calendar year beginning on 25 March. This was the calendar used in the British Empire until September 1752.

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Author A person or organization chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of a work, usually printed text. This term may also be used when more than one person or body bears such responsibility. MoEML uses the term author to designate a contributor who is wholly or partly responsible for the original content of either a born-digital document, such as an encyclopedia entry, or a primary source document, such as a MoEML Library text. Data manager A person or organization responsible for managing databases or other data sources. MoEML uses the term data manager to designate contributors who maintain and manage our databases. They add and update the data sent to us by external contributors or found by MoEML team members. They also monitor journals and sources regularly to ensure that our databases are current. Editor A person or organization who prepares for publication a work not primarily their own, such as by elucidating text, adding introductory or other critical matter, or technically directing an editorial staff. MoEML uses the term editor to designate a person who creates a modern edition of a work based on one of our encoded diplomatic transcriptions of a primary source. We use the term commentator to designate a person who adds editorial or explanatory notes to one of our diplomatic transcriptions. Markup editor A person or organization performing the coding of SGML, HTML, or XML markup of metadata, text, etc. MoEML uses the code mrk both for the primary encoder(s) and for the person who edits the encoding. MoEML’s normal workflow includes a step whereby encoders check each other’s work. We use the term encoder to designate the principal encoder, and markup editor to designate the person who checks the encoding. Project director A person or organization with primary responsibility for all essential aspects of a project, or that manages a very large project that demands senior level responsibility, or that has overall responsibility for managing projects, or provides overall direction to a project manager. MoEML’s Project Director directs the intellectual and scholarly aspects of the project, consults with the Advisory and Editorial Boards, and ensures the ongoing funding of the project. Programmer A person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. MoEML uses the term programmer to designate a person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. Research team head A person who directed or managed a research project. MoEML uses the terms research term head and assistant project manager interchangeably. Copy editor MoEML uses the term copy editor to designate the person who brings the document into conformity with MoEML stylistic and citational practice. Acceptable names for this role are copy editor, principal copy editor, secondary copy editor, or copy editor of a particular section of text. Removed old geo coordinates now superceded by GeoJSON. Removed comma from authroity name and replaced with parenthetical descriptor. Added <sourceDesc> information for born-digital documents. Standardized <respStmt>s for JENS1, MCFI1, and HOLM3 and added TAKE1 as Junior Programmer. Added XInclude for <listPrefixDef> in the header. Added global publicationStmt through XInclude. Eliminated superfluous catRef elements from the header. Added <catRef> elements based on the <place>/@type values in the document. Put <change> elements inside <revisionDesc> into the correct (latest first) order. Added <profileDesc> containing document type information expressed in <catRef> elements. Converted @rend to @style, through XSLT transformation. Transformed existing <byline> elements into a <respStmt> element in the header. Left <byline> elements in place for the moment. Added <front> element with <docTitle> as part of a normalization process. This will be used as the definitive page title on rendering. Various updates and fixes made through XSLT, to standardize and normalize encoding practices. Data in the old INDEX1.xml was merged into this file in the form of a <facsimile> element and a <listPlace> in the body of the text. Various markup errors were fixed, and markup was normalized to some degree, to make it valid against tei_all. Made corrections noted by Camille van der Marel. Encoded article. Love Lane (Thames Street)
Love Lane (Thames Street) Love Lane (Thames Street)

In early modern London, there were several streets with the name Love Lane, although the exact number of them varies from account to account. Today, there are numerous streets with variations on the name Love Lane. Eilert Ekwall, in his dictionary of the City of London, lists four such streets, one in Aldermanbury another in Colem[an] St a third in Bill[ingsgate Ward] and a fourth in St. Christopher [Broad Street], now lost (Ekwall 165). Gertrude Burford Rawlings suggests that there are ten Love Lanes in the London district [i.e., Greater London], two Love Courts and one Love Walk (73). The modern London A-Z lists twelve Love Lanes in the index, four Lovers Walks, and one Love Walk (241). This page will focus on Love Lane (Thames Street), in Billingsgate Ward, but will also contrast this street with the reputation of the various other Love Lanes.

Love Lane (Thames Street) was situated within Billingsgate Ward (or Belingsgate) (Hughson 91). Billingsgate Ward is two wards to the west of the Tower of London. The Agas map shows that the lane goes from north to south—up to St. Andrew Hubbard and down to Thames Street. It runs parallel to the streets St. Mary at Hill Street and Botolph Lane. Stow records its location as follows: next out of Thames Streete is Lucas [Love] lane, and then Buttolph lane, and at the North end thereof Philpot lane, then is Rother lane, of olde time so called, and thwart the same lane is little Eastcheape, and these be the bounds of Billinsgate warde (Stow 1:206). The street is included in the Parish of St. Mary-at-Hill, or St. Mary atte Hille according to the spelling of a 1458 record (Harben 371).

According to Henry Harben, the earliest mention of Love Lane (Thames Street) was in 1394, when it was referred to as having formerly been called Roppelane or Roperelane (371). In A Survey of London, Stow likewise states that the lane was of old time called Roape lane, [and] since called Lucas lane after an owner of nearby land, and then corruptly called Loue Lane (Stow 1:210). This emphasis on the name being corrupt is of note. Stow refuses to refer to the lane by its contemporary name, continuing instead to use the archaic "Lucas Lane". This insistence on the older name mirrors the nostalgia of Stow’s text. In contrast, James Howell’s Londonopolis (1657) records that the lane went from being named Rope-lane, to Lucas lane, to Love lane without commenting that this latest change was corrupt (86).

The use of the name Lucas Lane cannot be traced to any early records, suggesting that perhaps Stow might be mistaken in his record that the lane was rightfully called Lucas Lane, and then corruptly called Love Lane (Thames Street) (Harben 371). Further substantiating this claim is the evidence that the lane was in fact called Love Lane (Thames Street) in the early records. One theory is that the name was changed from Roper to Love Lane around 1377. At that time, in an ordinance for safeguarding the City, the Alderman of Billygnes-gate Ward was to guard the wharf of Reynold Love up to Billings-gate (Harben 371). Harben suggests that the name was changed at this time in honour of the Love family, who were likely wealthy members of the ward (371).

However, there are other hypotheses about the origin of the name Love. Harben records that it could have been named after John Lovekyn, then contracted into Lukin, and Lukins, and later converted into Lucas (371). This evidence suggests that Billingsgate Ward’s Love Lane (Thames Street) has a different etymology than other Love Lanes in London. This research is significant for the lane’s reputation, because other Love lanes were so named for their brothels: in the Middle Ages the wanton women of the City gathered in [Love Lane near Aldermanbury], seeking customers, and the street thereby acquired its name (Smith 129). Similarly, The London Encyclopedia cites the latter Love Lane as having been a haunt of prostitutes in the Middle Ages (Weinreb and Hibbert 485). Gillian Bebbington in London Street Names corroborates this point, citing Stow in her description of Love Lane between Wood Street and Aldermanbury as a place frequented by "wantons" (206).

Although a sordid reputation attaches to Love Lane in Cripplegate Ward, many scholars argue that all Love Lanes should not be regarded as sharing a similarly infamous history. For example, Rawlings states that we may well believe that Stow’s explanation does not fit them all and hypothesizes that many, no doubt, were named from innocent everyday romances (73). Ekwall corroborates Rawlings’ assertion, suggesting that while the name is generally held to refer to houses of ill fame the name may have a more innocent connotation, at least in some cases (166). Ekwall points out that streets called Love Lane in Swedish towns exclude the coarser meaning and instead suggest a lane where loving couples are wont to walk (166). He extends this theory to the Love Lanes in London, and considers Billingsgate Love Lane to have this more innocent origin.

After the early modern period, Love Lane is mentioned in a 1683 text entitled An invitation to Mr. John Garlick’s houſe at the sign of the George in <ref target="LOVE1.xml">Love-Lane</ref> near <ref target="#BILL1">Billingſgate</ref>, to the eating of a diſh of meat, called a Spanish oleo. Written by Richard Gibbs, it is a comical poem entreating readers to partake in a fine meal: Come to the George you Epicurean Crew That love good Eating, there’s a Diſh that’s New ’tis an OLEO, a more Spermatick Meat, Not fit for every Son of Truckle Bed, Incipit, Dull, Illiterate LogerheadGibbs recto. From this poem, it seems that Love Lane (Thames Street) was the site of at least one tavern in the post-fire London of the later seventeenth century.

In 1774, during excavations undertaken on Love Lane (Thames Street) for the building of a sugar warehouse, pieces of Roman bricks and ancient Saxon coins were found (Harben 371). In The Annual Register, or, A View of the History and Politics of the Year 1851, it is recorded that a calamitous fire in the city started on Love Lane, Lower Thames Street in the early morning at the well-known tavern called the Rose and Crown, at no. 17 Love Lane (Thames Street) (68). Love Lane was eventually shortened so that Monument Street could be formed (Harben 371).

The modern travel book The Rough Guide to London indicates that Love Lane became Lovat Lane after 1939. It also highlights St. Mary-at-Hill on Lovat Lane, which was rebuilt by Christopher Wren after London’s Great Fire in 1666 (Humphreys 211). The travel writer describes the lane as one of the City’s most atmospheric cobbled streets, once renowned for its brothels ( 211). Interestingly, this statement contradicts what the aforementioned scholars suggest about this street. Although The Rough Guide is not a scholarly source, it may inadvertently deliver a grain of truth. Kingsford’s gloss on Love Lane (Thames Street) cites a 1428 source that mentions a building thereon called le Stuehous, which demonstrates the lane’s connection with wantons, he argues (Kingsford 2.311). Stew is an obsolete term for a brothel. The Oxford English Dictionary entry records that in 1436 the word Stywehouses was used to describe houses of Bordell (OED stew-house, n.). Although scholarly opinion tends to concur that Love Lane (Thames Street) did not take its name from a seedy reputation as a place of prostitution, it seems from the evidence Kingsford cites that the lane may still have housed one or more of the city of London’s many brothels.

See also: Chalfant 122.

Participants Joey Takeda Joey Takeda JT

Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.

 Chase Templet Chase Templet CT

Research Assistant, 2017-2019. Chase Templet was a graduate student at the University of Victoria in the Medieval and Early Modern Studies (MEMS) stream. He was specifically focused on early modern repertory studies and non-Shakespearean early modern drama, particularly the works of Thomas Middleton.

 Tye Landels-Gruenewald Tye Landels-Gruenewald TLG

Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.

 Kim McLean-Fiander Kim McLean-Fiander KMF

Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.

 Janelle Jenstad Janelle Jenstad JJ

Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).

 Stewart Arneil Stewart Arneil

Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC) who maintained the Map of London project between 2006 and 2011. Stewart was a co-applicant on the SSHRC Insight Grant for 2012–16.

 Martin D. Holmes Martin D. Holmes MDH

Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.

 Paisley Mann Paisley Mann PM

Student contributor enrolled in English 520: Representations of London in Early Modern Literature and Culture at the University of Victoria in Summer 2008. Paisley Mann completed her MA at the University of Victoria and went on to doctoral work at the University of British Columbia. Her work on Thomas Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not MeYou Know Nobody began with a term paper on the play’s portrayal of illicit French sexuality, a topic she has also researched for the website <ref target="http://www.representationsfrance.cnrs.fr/index.htm">Representing France and the French in Early Modern English Drama</ref>. This topic interests her, although she specializes in Victorian literature, because she frequently works on how Victorian literature portrays France and French culture. She is also a contributor for Routledge’s online database Annotated Bibliography of English Studies.

 Reynold Love Reynold Love

Merchant examined in Parliament in 1376 regarding the impeachment of Ralph Neville.

HPO John Lovekyn John Lovekyn Sheriff Mayor

Sheriff of London 1342-1343. Mayor 1348-1349, 1358-1359, and 1365-1367. Member of the Stock Fishmongers’ Company. Buried at St. Michael, Crooked Lane.

MASL ODNB Wikipedia John Stow John Stow

Historian and author of A Survey of London. Husband of Elizabeth Stow.

MoEML ODNB Wikipedia Christopher Wren Christopher Wren

Architect, mathematician, and astronomer.

ODNB Wikipedia