Copyright held by
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Further details of licences are available from our
Licences page. For more
information, contact the project director,
Born digital.
Most MoEML documents, or significant fragments with mol:
prefix and accessed through the web application
with their id + .xml
.
The molagas prefix points to the shape representation of a location on MoEML’s OpenLayers3-based rendering of the Agas Map.
Links to page-images in the Chadwyck-Healey
Links to page-images in the
The mdt (MoEML Document Type) prefix used on
The mdtlist (MoEML Document Type listing) prefix used in linking attributes points to a listings page constructed from a category in the central MDT taxonomy in the includes file. There are two variants, one with the plain _subcategories
, meaning all subcategories of the category.
The molgls (MoEML gloss) prefix used on
This molvariant prefix is used on
This molajax prefix is used on
The molstow prefix is used on
The molshows prefix is used on
The sb prefix is used on
Our editorial and encoding practices are documented in detail in the Praxis section of our website.
he/shewith
theyas neutral singular prounouns for people.
This manual provides MoEML contributors, research assistants, encoders, and users with an extensive public record of our editorial style conventions. The standards outlined in this guide are to be implemented across the MoEML website. Any inconsistencies should be amended or reported to our editorial team.
The manual’s primary purpose is to help contributors and staff members avoid inconsistencies in editorial style. By confronting the style issues that arise from web publication, especially where web citation is concerned, we hope to establish practical standards that can be used by similar projects. Therefore, the editors welcome feedback regarding style choices and the general usefulness of this guide.
This guide describes how material should appear when it is published on the website, but
many of the style conventions listed here are rendered dynamically. In other words, our
style depends on the way content is encoded. For example, a journal title will be
automatically italicized with following TEI tag:
Please note that our style conventions change as language, the Internet, and the website continue to evolve. Refer to this manual frequently to note our most recent changes. If, after consulting this guide, you have further queries, do not hesitate to contact our editorial team. It is likely that we have not yet encountered your style issue and will need to include it in this manual.
MoEML’s style conventions expand on the editorial standards
outlined in the
Usually, contributors should use simple present when referring to any work of literature and simple past when referring to places and historical events.
Avoid gendered pronouns when referring to unspecified persons. MoEML does not use newly coined gender-neutral pronouns like
Use down style capitalization (see Einsohn
151) except when quoting or
transcribing. For example,
For all spelling and capitalization decisions, including the use of hyphens and special
symbols,
Use preferred spellings and capitalizations (those that are listed first in the
Usually, abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms require periods after each letter but
the last.
Familiar abbreviations, acronyms, and initialisms, however, do not require periods
unless the letters are arranged in such a way that may confuse pronunciation.
Consult the
Ampersands (&) should be avoided and used only when quoting or transcribing. For information on encoding ampersands and other special characters, see Encoding Practices.
Proper nouns are generally capitalized, but some proper nouns require special
treatment. For example,
Capitalize the articles of proper nouns. Similarly, italicize or enclose in quotation
marks a proper noun’s article. Do not, however, include articles when using a proper
noun as an adjective:
Place names should be spelled consistently throughout the website (excluding quoted or transcribed material). Since early modern spelling varies, consult MoEML’s encyclopedia when spelling place names. If the encyclopedia does not yet contain an entry for that place, consult the editors before choosing a spelling.
Most place names are treated as proper nouns and are capitalized unless they are
acting as common nouns. For example,
However, some place names should remain lower case, except when appearing in
titles or at the beginning of a sentence. For example,
Titles of a person are capitalized only when being used as proper nouns. For example,
Most of MoEML’s web page titles, headings, subheadings, and
other titles use headline style capitalization (see Einsohn 160). The only exceptions are titles taken from the
titles of works published before 1900, which are treated as quotations and therefore
preserve the original style (see Quotation
and Transcription). For example,
but
In titles, words and phrases appearing in parentheses should use sentence style
capitalization (see Einsohn 160). For
example,
Names of theatre companies should be consistent throughout the website (excluding
quoted or transcribed material). When
spelling the name of a theatre company, refer to MoEML’s encyclopedia. If there is not yet an encyclopedia
entry for that company, consult the editorial
team. Generally, MoEML follows the following formula:
and not
or any other variant.
MoEML lists livery companies (craft guilds) by their short names in the
livery companies page. For example,
Special care should be taken when referring to a person’s membership to a company.
Capitalizing the noun Goldsmith
, for example, indicates that that
person is free (a member) of the Goldsmiths’ Company. A lowercase
goldsmith
, however, indicates that that person practices as a
goldsmith without being a member of the Goldsmiths’ Company. It is possible,
therefore, that a goldsmith be a Draper without being a
Goldsmith.
Use open punctuation (see Einsohn 72) except
when quoting or transcribing material.
For example,
but not
MoEML uses
In summary, apostrophes are hard-coded while quotation marks are created dynamically
with TEI tags like mounted on two Golden Leopardes
MoEML uses the Oxford comma (also known as the serial comma:
the comma that appears after the second last item in a list) except when quoting or transcribing.
Spaces are
The en-dash (–), and not the hyphen (-), is used to indicate an open compounds (e.g., post–World War II), a date or page range, or a tally (see Einsohn 108–109). For encoding instructions relating to dashes, see Get the Most out of Oxygen.
The hyphen (-) is used for prefixes, hyphenated compounds, and hyphenated names.
Stylistic ellipses are formatted as three (or, in some instances, four; see
To encode editorial ellipses that indicate an omission in a quotation, use a self-closing This sentence
Website titles are treated as monographs and should be italicized. Web source
providers, however, are treated as publishers and should not be italicized. Some
websites, including MoEML, will act as monographs in some
instances and publishers in others. For example,
Depending on their use, MoEML adds locations to our placeography. See the locations in MoEML.Map of Early Modern London
and MoEML
should either be italicized or not italicized in documents. When functioning as the name of a publisher or organization, Map of Early Modern London
and MoEML
should Map of Early Modern London
and MoEML
Foreign words and phrases should be italicized and translated (perhaps in parentheses)
unless they appear as quotes (see Quotation and
Transcription). Anglicized words or phrases of foreign origin that are not
italicized in the
Note that all dates will be tagged using TEI standards (see Encode a Date).
The standard date format within a body of text is 11 May 1598
except when
quoting or transcribing.
The standard all-numerical date format is
The designations CE or BCE should only be used in BCE years or in ambiguous instances such as date ranges involving both a CE and BCE year.
Rather than distinguishing between Gregorian (new style) and Julian (old style) dates with a forward slash (/), dates are expressed in Julian with a pop-up link to a Gregorian date.
Spell out centuries. Example: eleventh century.
Indicate year ranges with an en dash (–), not a hyphen (-).
Life dates for people in the personography database appear in pop-up windows linked beneath a person’s name. The dates are generated from the personography database. They appear in parentheses as the first piece of information (after the name) in the pop-up window. Life dates for people not in the personography should be indicated in parentheses immediately following the first occurence of the name.
All birth and death dates follow the following basic structure, with additional
information provided as noted below:
Use the following abbreviations to provide information about life dates:
Each individual abbreviation (excluding the question mark, which appears after
the relevant date) should appear in roman type before the date in question, followed by
a space:
When only one date is known, indicate that date only:
Use
Telephone numbers should be stylized in accordance with the University of Victoria’s
250-123-4567.
1-800-123-4567.
+22 609 123 4567. Note that the international prefix symbol preceeds the country code, which itself preceeds the area code and phone number.
Postal Addresses should be styled in accordance with Canada Post’s
Victoria BC V8W 2Y2and
Victoria, BC, V8W 2Y2.
2 Dallas Road.
#202-618 Dallas Road.
200B Government Street.
Gorge Road East.
Victoria BC V8W 2Y2.
The following are sample postal addresses formatted in accordance with the aforementioned standards:
Quoted or transcribed material should always retain its original formatting. This includes spelling, punctuation, capitalization, ligatures, special characters, stage directions, et cetera.
Titles of works published before 1900 are treated as quoted material and should retain their original spelling, punctuation, and formatting (unless they are listed in the Short Title Catalogue, in which case they should be listed by EEBO record titles; see Citation).
For block quotations, see Parenthetical Citation. For instructions on encoding transcribed or quoted material, see Encoding Practices.
MoEML adopts its guidelines for parenthetical citations from the
Please see Link to Reference Material in Bibl to ensure proper encoding practices.
For citing the MoEML editions and encyclopedia, see Link to Cited MoEML Content.
The following information provides guidelines for parenthetical citation instances that are particularly pertinent to the project.
Although Hiltner is mentioned in the sentence, his name is still provided in the parenthetical citation.mass emergence of an environmental consciousness in the Renaissance, as early modern London’s citizens not only increasingly became conscious of their
environment,
but also became aware of it as withdrawing and endangered
(Hiltner 63).
In parenthetical citations, cite signature numbers after the abbreviation
sig. A2v
To the Deſeruer of all thoſe Honors,
which the Cuſtomary Rites of this
Day,
And the generall Loue of this City beſtow vpon
him; Sir Iohn
Svvinerton, Knight, Lord
Maior of the renowmed City
of London.
When citing a signature in running text (i.e. not in parentheses), spell out
When citing act, scene, and line numbers, use periods to seperate the three numbers. When citing line ranges in drama, give the act and scene number only on the left side of the en-dash, but cite both line numbers in full (for example, 5.1.100-104).
Cite stage directions by their previous line number, followed by a space and the
abbreviation
To cite a term’s definition, give the abbreviation for the dictionary used followed by a space character ( ), the term cited followed by a comma, the part of speech from which the word comes, and the specific definition of the term that you are citing. For example:
A gazetteer is a geographical index or dictionary
(
To cite a page number from a multi-volume work, give the work’s identifier (author, title, etc.) followed by a space, then the volume number followed by a colon, then a space, then the page number or page range. For example,
Tag parenthetical citations with
MoEML adapts its works cited guidelines from the
Note that these guidelines are limited to the editorial style of our works cited entries (i.e., the rendered format of our works cited entries). If you are sending MoEML a .docx file, please
format the document so that it accords with these guidelines.
Encoders, please see Bibliography Document Structure for instructions on encoding works cited entries.
remediated by
followed by the remediating agent.
The following list gives example citations for common remediated source types:
Occasionally, a printed book will change publishers but retain its other bibliographic characteristics. We consider a book of this type to be reprinted.
To cite a reprinted book, provide the citation information of the original book, and, in the place of the medium designation, include
Whenever possible, MoEML uses stable URLs and DOI numbers to unambiguously identify digital resources.
doi:component of the article’s citation. Note that DOI numbers are being reotractively assigned to many pre-2000 journal articles. Encoders, leave an XML comment to indicate that the article has no DOI at the time of encoding.
The BIBL1 entry for MUNR1 serves as an example of a citation with a DOI:
Because the
Encoders, please see documentation on Bibliography Document Structure.