Survey of London (1598): Fitzstephen’s <foreign xml:lang="la">Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae</foreign> A suruay of London. Contayning the originall, antiquity, increase, moderne estate, and description of that citie, written in the yeare 1598. by Iohn Stow citizen of London. Also an apologie (or defence) against the opinion of some men, concerning that citie, the greatnesse thereof. With an appendix, containing in Latine, Libellum de situ & nobilitate Londini: written by William Fitzstephen, in the raigne of Henry the second. Author1598/99 John Stow Author1162/63-1174/75 William fitz Stephen Printer1598/99 John Windet Publisher1598/99 John Wolfe Editor Janelle Jenstad Transcriber EEBO-TCP encoders (names not known) Transcriber Nathan Phillips First Encoders EEBO-TCP encoders (names not known) Editor of Original EEBO-TCP Encoding Paul Schaffner Creator of TEI Stylesheets for Conversion of EEBO-TCP Encoding to TEI-P5 Sebastian Rahtz Post-Conversion Editor Martin Holmes Managing Editor Kim McLean-Fiander Managing Editor Katie Tanigawa Encoder Nathan Phillips Encoder Sarah Milligan Encoder Kate LeBere Encoder Lucas Simpson Toponymist Catriona Duncan Transcription Proofreader Kate LeBere Markup Editor Lucas Simpson CSS Editor Kate LeBere Data Manager Tye Landels Junior Programmer Joey Takeda Programmer Martin Holmes Associate Project Director Kim McLean-Fiander Project Director Janelle Jenstad The Map of Early Modern Londonhttp://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/includes.xmlVictoria, BC, Canada
Department of English P.O.Box 3070 STNC CSC University of Victoria Victoria, BC Canada V8W 3W1
2016University of Victoria978-1-55058-519-3 Janelle Jenstad london@uvic.ca

Copyright held by The Map of Early Modern London on behalf of the contributors.

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.

Further details of licences are available from our Licences page. For more information, contact the project director, Janelle Jenstad, for specific information on the availability and licensing of content found in files on this site.

 978-1-55058-520-9 23341 A13049 99853096 18464 Provider: University of Victoria Database: The Map of Early Modern London Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8" TY - ELEC A1 - Stow, John A1 - fitz-Stephen, William ED - Jenstad, Janelle T1 - Survey of London (1598): Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae T2 - The Map of Early Modern London ET - 7.0 PY - 2022 DA - 2022/05/05 CY - Victoria PB - University of Victoria LA - English UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/stow_1598_fitzstephen.xml ER - Stow, John, and William fitz-Stephen. Survey of London (1598): Fitzstephen’s <foreign xml:lang="la">Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae</foreign>. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0, edited by Janelle Jenstad, U of Victoria, 05 May 2022, mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm. Stow, John, and William fitz-Stephen. Survey of London (1598): Fitzstephen’s <foreign xml:lang="la">Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae</foreign>. The Map of Early Modern London, Edition 7.0. Ed. Janelle Jenstad. Victoria: University of Victoria. Accessed May 05, 2022. mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm. Stow, J., & fitz-Stephen, W. 2022. Survey of London (1598): Fitzstephen’s <foreign xml:lang="la">Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae</foreign>. In J. Jenstad (Ed), The Map of Early Modern London (Edition 7.0). Victoria: University of Victoria. Retrieved from https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/stow_1598_fitzstephen.htm.

Fitzstephen’s Descriptio Nobilissimae Civitatis Londoniae chapter of Survey of London (1598).

 Lucas Simpson Lucas Simpson LS

Research Assistant, 2018-2021. Lucas Simpson was a student at the University of Victoria.

 Kate LeBere Kate LeBere KL

Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in The Corvette (2018), The Albatross (2019), and PLVS VLTRA (2020) and presented at the English Undergraduate Conference (2019), Qualicum History Conference (2020), and the Digital Humanities Summer Institute’s Project Management in the Humanities Conference (2021). While her primary research focus was sixteenth and seventeenth century England, she completed her honours thesis on Soviet ballet during the Russian Cultural Revolution. During her time at MoEML, Kate made significant contributions to the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s Survey of London, old-spelling anthology of mayoral shows, and old-spelling library texts. She authored the MoEML’s first Project Management Manual and quickstart guidelines for new employees and helped standardize the Personography and Bibliography. She is currently a student at the University of British Columbia’s iSchool, working on her masters in library and information science.

 Tracey El Hajj Tracey El Hajj TEH

Junior Programmer 2018-2020. Research Associate 2020-2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the algorhythmics of networked communications. She was a 2019-20 President’s Fellow in Research-Enriched Teaching at UVic, where she taught an advanced course on Artificial Intelligence and Everyday Life. Tracey was also a member of the Linked Early Modern Drama Online team, between 2019 and 2021. Between 2020 and 2021, she was a fellow in residence at the Praxis Studio for Comparative Media Studies, where she investigated the relationships between artificial intelligence, creativity, health, and justice. As of July 2021, Tracey has moved into the alt-ac world for a term position, while also teaching in the English Department at the University of Victoria.

 Joey Takeda Joey Takeda JT

Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.

 Katie Tanigawa Katie Tanigawa KT

Project Manager, 2015-2019. Katie Tanigawa was a doctoral candidate at the University of Victoria. Her dissertation focused on representations of poverty in Irish modernist literature. Her additional research interests included geospatial analyses of modernist texts and digital humanities approaches to teaching and analyzing literature.

 Catriona Duncan Catriona Duncan CD

Research Assistant, 2014-2016. Catriona was an MA student at the University of Victoria. Her primary research interests included medieval and early modern Literature with a focus on book history, spatial humanities, and technology.

 Tye Landels-Gruenewald Tye Landels-Gruenewald TLG

Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.

 Nathan Phillips Nathan Phillips NAP

Research Assistant, 2012-2014. Nathan Phillips completed his MA at the University of Victoria specializing in medieval and early modern studies in April 2014. His research focused on seventeenth-century non-dramatic literature, intellectual history, and the intersection of religion and politics. Additionally, Nathan was interested in textual studies, early-Tudor drama, and the editorial questions one can ask of all sixteenth- and seventeenth-century texts in the twisted mire of 400 years of editorial practice. Nathan is currently a Ph.D. student in the Department of English at Brown University.

 Sarah Milligan Sarah Milligan SM

Research Assistant, 2012-2014. MoEML Research Affiliate. Sarah Milligan completed her MA at the University of Victoria in 2012 on the invalid persona in Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese. She has also worked with the <ref target="http://internetshakespeare.uvic.ca/">Internet Shakespeare Editions</ref> and with Dr. Alison Chapman on the Victorian Poetry Network, compiling an index of Victorian periodical poetry.

 Kim McLean-Fiander Kim McLean-Fiander KMF

Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to The Map of Early Modern London from the Cultures of Knowledge digital humanities project at the University of Oxford, where she was the editor of Early Modern Letters Online, an open-access union catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to EMLO called Women’s Early Modern Letters Online (WEMLO). In the past, she held an internship with the curator of manuscripts at the Folger Shakespeare Library, completed a doctorate at Oxford on paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the Bodleian Libraries and as a freelance editor. She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.

 Janelle Jenstad Janelle Jenstad JJ

Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of The Map of Early Modern London, and PI of Linked Early Modern Drama Online. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media (Routledge). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s A Survey of London (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing The Merchant of Venice (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s 2 If You Know Not Me You Know Nobody for DRE. Her articles have appeared in Digital Humanities Quarterly, Renaissance and Reformation,Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies, Early Modern Literary Studies, Elizabethan Theatre, Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance Criticism, and The Silver Society Journal. Her book chapters have appeared (or will appear) in Institutional Culture in Early Modern Society (Brill, 2004), Shakespeare, Language and the Stage, The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre Studies (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), Approaches to Teaching Othello (Modern Language Association, 2005), Performing Maternity in Early Modern England (Ashgate, 2007), New Directions in the Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place (Routledge, 2011), Early Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), Teaching Early Modern English Literature from the Archives (MLA, 2015), Placing Names: Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers (Indiana, 2016), Making Things and Drawing Boundaries (Minnesota, 2017), and Rethinking Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies (Routledge, 2018).

 Paul Schaffner Paul Schaffner PS

E-text and TCP production manager at the University of Michigan Digital Library Production Service (DLPS), Paul manages the production of full-text transcriptions for EEBO-TCP.

 Sebastian Rahtz Sebastian Rahtz SR

Chief data architect at University of Oxford IT Services, Sebastian was well known for his contributions to the Text Encoding Initiative (TEI), OxGarage, and the Text Creation Partnership (TCP).

 Martin D. Holmes Martin D. Holmes MDH

Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.

 Brutus of Troy Brutus King of Great Britain

King of Britain and founder of London. Husband of Innogen. Father of Albanact, Camber, and Locrine. Son of Aeneas. Appears in Geoffrey of Monouth’s History of the Kings of Britain.

OR Wikipedia William fitz-Stephen William fitz-Stephen 1162/63-1174/75

Biographer and clerk.

ODNB Wikipedia Leo IX Pope Leo IX 1002-06-27 1054-04-25

Pope 1049-1054.

EB Wikipedia Sylvester I Sylvester I Pope

Pope 314-335.

EB Wikipedia Augustus Caesar Augustus Caesar Emperor of the Roman Empire Gaius Octavius Thurinus

Emperor of the Roman Empire 27 BCE–14 CE.

EB Wikipedia Henry II Henry II King of England 1133/34 1189/90

King of England 1154-1189.

ODNB Wikipedia Henry III Henry III King of England 1207-10-08 1272-11-23

King of England, Lord of Ireland, and Duke of Aquitaine 1216-1272. Buried at Westminster Abbey.

ODNB Wikipedia John Leland John Leland 1503/04 1552/53

Poet and antiquary.

ODNB Wikipedia Richard I Richard I King of England the Lionhearted 1157-11-15 1199-04-13

King of England 1189-1199.

EB ODNB Wikipedia St. Peter the Apostle Saint Peter the Apostle 64/65

Apostle of Jesus Christ in the Bible.

EB Wikipedia Stephen I Stephen I King of England 1092/93 1154/55

King of England 1135-1154. Key figure during The Anarchy, a civil war in England and Normandy 1135-1153.

EB ODNB Wikipedia John Stow John Stow 1524/25-1525/26 1605/06

Historian and author of A Survey of London. Husband of Elizabeth Stow.

MoEML ODNB Wikipedia John Windet John Windet 1584/85-1611/12

Printer.

BBTI Wikipedia John Wolfe John Wolfe 1548/49 1601/02

Bookseller and printer. Husband of Alice Wolfe.

MoEML BBTI ODNB Julius Caesar Julius Caesar 100 BCE/-9 44 BCE/-3

Politician and military commander of the Roman empire.

ODNB Wikipedia Jupiter Jupiter Jove

God of the sky in Roman mythology. Father of Venus.

EM Wikipedia Venus Venus

Goddess of beauty in Roman mythology. Daughter of Jupiter. Mother of Aeneas.

EM Wikipedia Constantine I Constantine I the Great Emperor of the Western Empire Emperor of the Roman Empire Flavius Valerius Constantinus 0337-05-28

Emperor of the Western Empire 312-324. Emperor of the Roman Empire 324–337. First Roman emperor to profess Christianity.

EB Wikipedia St. Thomas Becket Saint Thomas Becket Archbishop of Canterbury 1120-12-28 1171-01-05

Lord Chancellor of England 1155-1162. Archbishop of Canterbury 1162–1170. Venerated as a saint and martyr after being assassinated in 1170.

EB ODNB Wikipedia Matilda Empress Matilda Queen of England 1102/03 1167/68

Contested Queen of England 1141-1148. Key figure during The Anarchy, a civil war in England and Normandy from 1135-1153.

ODNB Wikipedia Plato Plato

Greek philosopher. Founder of the first institution of higher learning in the western world.

EB Wikipedia Remus Remus

Twin brother of Romulus in Roman mythology. Murdered prior to the founding of Rome.

EB Wikipedia Romulus Romulus

Twin brother of Remus in Roman mythology. Founder of Rome.

EB Wikipedia Heraclitus Heraclitus

Pre-Socratic Ionian Greek philosopher.

Wikipedia Zeno Zeno of Elea

Pre-Socratic Greek philosohper.

Wikipedia Robert Bale Robert Bale

Chronicler.

ODNB Wikipedia Early English Books Online–Text Creation PartnershipEEBO-TCP

The EEBO-TCP is a partnership with ProQuest and with more than 150 libraries to generate highly accurate, fully-searchable, SGML/XML-encoded texts corresponding to books from the Early English Books Online Database. Website.

 The MoEML Team The MoEML Team Project Leaders, 2021 Project Leaders, 2021 Research Assistants, 2021 Research Assistants, 2021 Developers, 2021 Developers, 2021 Project Management, 2021 Project Management, 2021 Project Leaders, 2020 Project Leaders, 2020 Research Assistants, 2020 Research Assistants, 2020 Developers, 2020 Developers, 2020 Project Management, 2020 Project Management, 2020 Project Leaders, 2019 Project Leaders, 2019 Research Assistants, 2019 Research Assistants, 2019 Developers, 2019 Developers, 2019 Project Management, 2019 Project Management, 2019 Project Leaders, 2018 Project Leaders, 2018 Research Assistants, 2018 Research Assistants, 2018 Developers, 2018 Developers, 2018 Project Management, 2018 Project Management, 2018 Project Leaders, 2017 Project Leaders, 2017 Research Assistants, 2017 Research Assistants, 2017 Developers, 2017 Developers, 2017 Project Management, 2017 Project Management, 2017 Project Leaders, 2016 Project Leaders, 2016 Research Assistants, 2016 Research Assistants, 2016 Developers, 2016 Developers, 2016 Project Management, 2016 Project Management, 2016 Project Leaders, 2015 Project Leaders, 2015 Research Assistants, 2015 Research Assistants, 2015 Developers, 2015 Developers, 2015 Project Management, 2015 Project Management, 2015 Project Leaders, 2014 Project Leaders, 2014 Research Assistants, 2014 Research Assistants, 2014 Project Leaders, 2013 Project Leaders, 2013 Research Assistants, 2013 Research Assistants, 2013 Project Leaders, 2012 Project Leaders, 2012 Research Assistants, 2012 Research Assistants, 2012 Project Leaders, 2011 Project Leaders, 2011 Research Assistants, 2011 Research Assistants, 2011 Project Leaders, 2010 Project Leaders, 2010 Research Assistants, 2010 Research Assistants, 2010 Project Leaders, 2009 Project Leaders, 2009 Research Assistants, 2009 Research Assistants, 2009 Project Leaders, 2008 Project Leaders, 2008 Research Assistants, 2008 Research Assistants, 2008 Project Leaders, 2007 Project Leaders, 2007 Research Assistants, 2007 Research Assistants, 2007 Project Leaders, 2006 Project Leaders, 2006 Research Assistants, 2006 Research Assistants, 2006 Developers, 2006 Developers, 2006 Project Leaders, 2005 Project Leaders, 2005 Research Assistants, 2005 Research Assistants, 2005 Developers, 2005 Developers, 2005 Project Leaders, 2004 Project Leaders, 2004 Research Assistants, 2004 Research Assistants, 2004 Project Leaders, 2003 Project Leaders, 2003 Research Assistants, 2003 Research Assistants, 2003 Project Leaders, 2002 Project Leaders, 2002 Research Assistants, 2002 Research Assistants, 2002 Project Leaders, 2001 Project Leaders, 2001 Research Assistants, 2001 Research Assistants, 2001 Project Leaders, 2000 Project Leaders, 2000 Research Assistants, 2000 Research Assistants, 2000 Project Leaders, 1999 Project Leaders, 1999 Research Assistants, 1999 Research Assistants, 1999 Former Student Contributors Former Student Contributors

We’d also like to acknowledge students who contributed to MoEML’s intranet predecessor at the University of Windsor between 1999 and 2003. When we redeveloped MoEML for the Internet in 2006, we were not able to include all of the student projects that had been written for courses in Shakespeare, Renaissance Drama, and/or Writing Hypertext. Nonetheless, these students contributed materially to the conceptual development of the project.

These are all MoEML team members since 1999 to present. To see the current members and structure of our team, see <ref target="team.xml">Team</ref>.

 University of VictoriaUniversity of Victoria

The University of Victoria, writ large. Located in Victoria, BC, Canada. Website.

 This semi-diplomatic transcription takes the University of Victoria copy (DA680 S87 1598) of STC 23341 (ESTC S117887) as its control text. For convenience, we began with the TEI-XML P4 file of the EEBO-TCP transcription of STC 23341(TCP A13049), available on GitHub). The names of the EEBO-TCP transcribers are unknown. Paul Schaffner edited the original EEBO-TCP markup in or before 2012. Sebastian Rahtz created the TEI Stylesheets to convert the EEBO-TCP file to TEI-P5 in or before 2012. Martin Holmes downloaded the XML file from the GitHub repository. Martin Holmes processed the file programmatically to bring it in line with MoEML’s TEI customization. Holmes added proleptic catchwords (based on the first word on the next page) and converted short s back to long s based on predictable patterns. MoEML Research Assistants at the University of Victoria performed the following additional tasks: supplied content for the gaps left by the EEBO-TCP transcribers; checked the transcription against digital surrogates of the UVic copy and against the copy itself; corrected the proleptic catchwords where necessary; transcribed the formeworks; added links to digital surrogates; and tagged all people, places, and dates. The text was then checked by Editor Janelle Jenstad. London

The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (London).

(LOND5.xml) St. Paul’s Cathedral

St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In 962, while London was occupied by the Danes, St. Paul’s monastery was burnt and raised anew. The church survived the Norman conquest of 1066, but in 1087 it was burnt again. An ambitious Bishop named Maurice took the opportunity to build a new St. Paul’s, even petitioning the king to offer a piece of land belonging to one of his castles (Times 115). The building Maurice initiated would become the cathedral of St. Paul’s which survived until the Great Fire of London.

(STPA2.xml) The Thames Information is not yet available. (THAM2.xml)

Created by converting TCP files to TEI P5 using tcp2tei.xsl, TEI @ Oxford.

Encoding has been done using the recommendations for Level 4 of the TEI in Libraries Guidelines. Digital page images are linked to the text file.

Page images are collected here: https://hcmc.uvic.ca/stow/1598/.

Page-image links are provided through the facs attribute, which has values like this: molstow:1633|1. This translates to a URI looking like this: https://hcmc.uvic.ca/stow/1598/DA680_S87_&_Stow_&.jpg.

Other editorial and encoding practices are documented in detail in the Praxis section of our website.

Our editorial and encoding practices are documented in detail in the Praxis section of our website.

Author A person or organization chiefly responsible for the intellectual or artistic content of a work, usually printed text. This term may also be used when more than one person or body bears such responsibility. MoEML uses the term author to designate a contributor who is wholly or partly responsible for the original content of either a born-digital document, such as an encyclopedia entry, or a primary source document, such as a MoEML Library text. Data manager A person or organization responsible for managing databases or other data sources. MoEML uses the term data manager to designate contributors who maintain and manage our databases. They add and update the data sent to us by external contributors or found by MoEML team members. They also monitor journals and sources regularly to ensure that our databases are current. Editor A person or organization who prepares for publication a work not primarily their own, such as by elucidating text, adding introductory or other critical matter, or technically directing an editorial staff. MoEML uses the term editor to designate a person who creates a modern edition of a work based on one of our encoded diplomatic transcriptions of a primary source. We use the term commentator to designate a person who adds editorial or explanatory notes to one of our diplomatic transcriptions. Markup editor A person or organization performing the coding of SGML, HTML, or XML markup of metadata, text, etc. MoEML uses the code mrk both for the primary encoder(s) and for the person who edits the encoding. MoEML’s normal workflow includes a step whereby encoders check each other’s work. We use the term encoder to designate the principal encoder, and markup editor to designate the person who checks the encoding. Project director A person or organization with primary responsibility for all essential aspects of a project, or that manages a very large project that demands senior level responsibility, or that has overall responsibility for managing projects, or provides overall direction to a project manager. MoEML’s Project Director directs the intellectual and scholarly aspects of the project, consults with the Advisory and Editorial Boards, and ensures the ongoing funding of the project. Proofreader A person who corrects printed matter. MoEML uses the term proofreader to designate a contributor who checks a transcription against an original document, or a person who corrects formatting and typographical errors in a born-digital article. Note that we use the term markup editor to designate a person who proofreads and corrects encoding. Programmer A person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. MoEML uses the term programmer to designate a person or organization responsible for the creation and/or maintenance of computer program design documents, source code, and machine-executable digital files and supporting documentation. Printer A person or organization who prints texts, whether from type or plates. MoEML uses the term printer to designate the person named as the printer on the title page of a primary source text, or the person identified by scholars as the printer (e.g., in the English Short Title Catalogue database). In early modern printing practice, the roles of printer, bookseller, and publisher might coincide in one person, or be performed by different people. Research team head A person who directed or managed a research project. MoEML uses the terms research term head and assistant project manager interchangeably. Transcriber A person who prepares a handwritten or typewritten copy from original material, including from dictated or orally recorded material. MoEML uses the term transcriber to designate the person or organization that transcribes a primary source. In the case of EEBO-TCP transcribers, we do not know the names of the transcribers. Acceptable names for this role are transcriber, first transcriber (often the EEBO-TCP transcriber), or MoEML transcriber. Toponymist MoEML uses the term toponymist to designate the person who identifies the place references in a text and points them to the right place in our locations database. The toponymist does not necessarily encode the toponyms. In most cases, the author of a born-digital article or the editor of a primary-source document will also be the toponymist. CSS editor MoEML uses the term CSS Editor for a person who adds CSS styling to the transcription of a primary source. We use CSS styling to describe the bibliographic features of the texts we transcribe. For further information, see our page on CSS styling. Changed status to inPeerReview. Added @xml:ids to div elements that have a child head element. Transformed pb facs elements for UVic image links. Transformed pb facs elements for EEBO-proquest transition. Collapsed element rendition using XSLT. Created individual section from stow_1598.xml using XSLT. The changes prior to this one reflect changes to the entire stow_1598.xml file and not this section in particular. Fixed an erroneous entity tag that was producing a diagnostics error. Changed calendar value from "julian" to "julianSic" using XSLT. Changed status of stow_1598_fitzstephen to draft. Transformed the use of supplied and its reason attribute to conform with TEI Guidelines and our updated schema. Standardized the use of @resp in editorial notes. Put change elements inside revisionDesc into the correct (latest first) order. Converted @rend to @style, through XSLT transformation.

BEcauſe amongſt other mine Authors I haue oft times alledged Fitz-Stephens, as one more choiſe then other, namely for the auncient eſtate of this Citie, more then three hundred yeares ſince: And alſo the ſaid Author being rare, (as to my knowledge) not extant out of mine owne cuſtodie, I haue in this place thought good by impreſion to imparte the ſame to my louing friendes, the learned Antiquaries as the Authour wrote it in the Latine tongue. And firſt to note in effect, what M. Bale in commendation of the ſaid Authour writeth.

William Stephanides, or Fitzſtephen, a Monke of Canterburie, borne of worſhipfull parentes in the Citie of London, well brought vp at the firſt vnder good maiſters, did more and more increaſe in honeſt conditions and learning: for euer in his yong yeares there appeared in him a certain light of a Gentlemanlike diſpoſition, which promiſed many good things, afterward by him performed. Such time as other ſpent in braules, and idle talke, hee employed in holeſome exerciſes for the honour of his countrey, following therein the example of Plato: and was very ſtudious both in humanitie and diuinitie. The Citie of London his birth place, the moſt noble of all other Cities of this land, and the Princes ſeate, ſituated in the South part of this Iland, he loued aboue al the other: ſo that at length he wrote most elegantly in latine of the ſite and rites of the ſame. Leland in diuers of his bookes commendeth him for an excellent writer. Hee liued in the raigne of king Stephen, wrote in the raigne of Henry the ſecond, & deceaſed in the yeare of Chriſt 1191. in the raigne of Richard the firſt.

INter nobiles vrbes orbis, quas fama celebrat, ciuitas Londonia regni Anglorum ſedes vna eſt, quæ famam ſui latiùs diffundit, opes & merces longiùs tranſmittit, caput altiùs extollit. Fœlix eſt aeris ſalubritate; Chriſtiana religione, firmitate munitionum, natura ſitus, honore ciuium, pudicitia matronali, ludis etiam quàm iucunda; & Nobilium fæcunda virorum: quæ ſingula ſemotim libet inſpicere.

IBi ſiquidem emollit animos hominum clementia cœli, non vt ſint in Venerem putres, ſed neferi ſint, & beſtiales; potiùs benigni & liberales.

ESt ibi in eccleſia beati Pauli epiſcopalis ſedes, quondā fuit Metropolitana, & adhuc futura creditur, ſiremeauerint ciues in Inſulā: niſi fortè Beati Thomæ Martyris titulus Archiepiſcopalis, & præſentia corporalis, dignitatē illam Cantuariæ (vbi nunc eſt) conſeruet perpetuam. Sed cùm vtramq; vrbium harum Sanctus Thomas illuſtrauerit, Londoniam ortu, Cantuariam occaſu: ipſius ſancti intuitu, cum iuſtitiæ acceſſu, habet altera aduerſus alterā, quod ampliùs alleget. Sunt etiā (quod ad Chriſtianæ fidei cultum pertinet) tùm in Londonia, tùm in ſuburbano 13. maiores eccleſiæ conuentuū, præter minores parochianas. 126.

HAbet ab Oriente arcem Palatinam, maximam & fortiſsimam, cuius & area, & muri à fundamento profundiſsimo exurgunt: cemento cum ſanguine animalium temperato. Ab occidente duo caſtella munitiſsima: mu ro vrbis alto & magno, duplatis Heptapylæ portis intercontinuante, turrito ab Aquilone per intercapedines. Similiterquè ab Auſtro Londonia murata & turrita fuit: ſed fluuius maximus piſcoſus Thamenſis, mari influo refluoq; qui illac allabitur, mænia illa tractu temporis alluit, labefactauit, deiecit. Item ſurſùm ab occidente Palatium Regium eminet ſuper fluuium eundem, ædificium incōparabile, cum auremurali & propugnaculis, duobus millibus ab vrbe, ſuburbano frequenti continuante.

VNdiqué extra domos ſuburbanorum Horti ciuium arboribus conſiti, ſpatioſi, & ſpecioſi, contigui habentur.

ITem à Borea ſunt agri paſcui, & pratorum grata planities, aquis fluuialibus interfluis: ad quas molinorum verſatiles rotæ citantur cum murmure iocoſo. Proximé patet foreſta ingens, ſaltus nemoroſi ferarum, latebræ ceruorum, damarum, aprorum, & taurorum ſylueſtrium: Agri vrbis ſationales non ſunt ieiunæ glareæ, ſed pingues Aſiæ campi qui faciunt lætas ſegetes, & ſuorum cultorum repleant horrea cerealis mergite culmi.

SVnt & circa Londoniam ab Aquilone ſuburbani fontes præcipui aqua dulci, ſalubri, perſpicua, & per claros riuo trepidante lapillos. Inter quos fons Sacer, fons Clericorum, fons Sancti Clementis nominatiores habentur, & adeuntur celebriori acceſſu, & maiori frequentia ſcholarum & vrbanæ iuuentutis in ſerotinis æſtiuis ad auram exeuntis. Vrbs ſané bona cúm bonū habeat Dominum.

VRbs iſta viris eſt honorata, armis decorata, multo habitatore populoſa, vt tempore bellicæ cladis ſub rege Stephano bello apti ex ea exeuntes oſtentatui haberentur 20000. armatorū equitum, 60. mille peditum eſtimarentur. Ciues Londoniæ vbicunqué locorum præ omnibus alijs ciuibus ornatu morum, veſtium & menſæ, locutione, ſpectabiles & noti habentur.

Vrbis Matronæ ipſæ Sabinæ ſunt.

IN Londonia tres principales eccleſiæ ſcholas celebres habent de priuilegio & antiqua dignitate. Plerunque tamen fauore perſonæ alicuius, vel aliquorum doctorum, qui ſecundum philoſophiā noti & præclari habentur, & aliæ ibi ſunt ſcholæ de gratia & permiſſione. Diebus feſtis ad eccleſias feſtiuas magiſtri conuentus celebrantur: Diſputāt ſcolares, quidam demonſtratiué, Dialecticé alij: alij recitant enthymemata: hij meliùs perfectis vtuntur Syllogiſmis. Quidam ad oſtentationem exercentur diſputat one, quæ eſt inter colluctantes. Alij ad veritatē, ea quæ eſt perfectionis gratia: ſophiſtæ ſimulatores agmine & inundatione verborum beati iudicantur. Alij paralogizantur: Oratores aliqui quandoq; orationibus Rhetoricis aliquid dicunt appoſitè ad perſuadendum, curantes artis præcepta ſeruare, & ex contingentibus nihil omittere. Pueri diuerſarum ſcholarum verſibus inter ſe conrixantur: & de principijs artis Grammaticæ, regulis præteritorum vel futurorum contendunt: Sunt alij qui epigrammatibus, rithmis & metris vtuntur, vetere illa triuiali dicacitate, licentia Feſcennina ſocios, ſuppreſsis nominibus liberiùs lacerant, Lædorias iaculantur & ſcommata, ſalibus Socraticis ſociorū, vel fortè maiorum vitia tangunt, vel mordacius dente rodunt Theonino * audacibus. Auditores multùm ridere parati ingeminant tremulos naſo criſpante cachinnos.

SIngulorum officiorum exercitores, ſingularum rerū venditores, ſingularum operarum ſuarum locatores, quotidiano mane per ſe ſunt locis diſtincti omnes vt officijs. Pretereà eſt in Londonia ſupra ripam fluminis inter vina in nauibus & cellis vinarijs venalia, publica coquina: ibi cotidiè pro tempore eſt inuenire cibaria fercula, aſſa, frixa, elixa, piſces, piſciculos, carnes groſſiores pauperibus, delicatiores diuitibus, venationum, auium, auicularum. Si ſubitò veniant ad aliquem ciuium amici fatigati ex itinere, nec libeat ieiunis expectare, vt noui cibi emantur, coquantur, dant famuli manibus limphas paneſque, interim ad ripam curritur, ibi preſtò ſunt omnia deſiderabilia. Quantalibet militum vel peregrinorum infinitas intrat vrbem, qualibet diêi vel noctis hora, vel ab vrbe exitura, ne vel hi nimium ieiunent, vel alij impranſi exeant, illuc ſi placeat diuertunt, et ſe pro modo ſuo ſinguli reficiunt: qui ſe curare volunt molliter, accipenſerem vel aliam auem, vel attagen Ionicum non quærant, appoſitis quæ ibi inueniuntur delicijs: Hæc equidem publica coquina eſt & ciuitati plurimum expediens, et ad ciuitatem pertinens: Hinc eſt quod legitur in Gorgia Platonis, iuxta medicinam eſſe coquorum officium, ſimulantium & adulationē quartæ particulæ ciuilitatis. Eſt ibi extra vnam portarum ſtatim in ſuburbio quidam planus campus re & nomine. Omni ſexta feria, niſi ſit maior feſtiuitas præceptæ ſolempnitatis, eſt ibi celebre ſpectaculum nobilium equorum venalium. Spectaturi vel empturi veniunt qui in vrbe adſunt, comites, barones, milites, ciues plurimi. Iuuat videre gradarios ſuccuſſatura nitēte ſuauiter ambulātes: pedibus lateraliter ſimul erectis, quaſi a ſubalternis & demiſſis: Hinc equos, qui armigeris magis conueniunt, durius incedentes, ſed expeditè tamen, qui quaſi â contradictori bus pedes ſimul eleuāt & deponunt: Hinc nobiles pullos iuniores, qui nondum fræno bene aſſueti, altius incedunt, & mollia crura reponunt: Hinc ſummarios membris validis & vegetis. Hinc dextrarios precioſos, elegantis formæ, ſtaturæ honeſtæ, micantes auribus, ceruicibus arduis, clunibus obeſis. In horum inceſſu ſpectant emptores, primo paſſū ſuauiorē, poſteà motūcitatiorē, qui eſt quaſi a contrarijs pedibus anterioribus ſimul ſolo amotis & admotis, & poſterioribus ſimiliter. Cum talium ſonipedum curſus imminet, & aliorum fortè qui ſimiliter ſunt in genere ſuo ad vecturā validi, ad curſuram vegeti: clamor attollitur, vulgares equos in partem ire præcipitur: Seſſores alipedum pueri tres ſimul, aliquando bini ex condicto & bini certamini ſe præparant, docti equis imperitare, indomitorum lupatis temperant frænis ora: hoc maxime præcauent, ne alter alteri concurſum præripiat. Et qui ſimiliter pro modo ſuo ad certamen curſus illius attollunt; tremunt artus, moræ impatientes, ſtare loco neſciunt, facto ſigno membra extendunt, curſum rapiunt, agilitate peruicaci feruntur: certant ſeſſores laudis amore, ſpe victoriæ, equis admiſſis ſubdere calcaria, & nec minus vrgere eos virgis & ciere clamoribus. Putares omnia in motu eſſe, ſecundum Heraclitum, & falſam omnino Zenonis ſententiam, dicentis, quoniam, non contingit moueri, neque ſtadium pertranſire. Parte alia ſtant ſeorſim ruſticorū peculia, agrorū iuſtrumenta, ſues longis lateribus, vaccæ diſtentis vberibus, corpora magna boum, lanigerūq; pecus: ſtant ibi aptæ aratris, trahis & bigis equæ: quarundam ventres fœtibus tument: alias editi fœtus obeunt pulli laſciuiores, ſequela inſeparabilis. Ad hanc vrbē ex omni natione quæ ſub cœlo eſt, naualia gaudent inſtitores habere commercia. Aurum mittit Arabs, ſpecies & thura Sabæus, Arma Scythes, oleum palmarum diuite ſilua. Pingue ſolum Ba bilon, Nilus lapides precioſos. Seres purpureas veſtes. Norwegi, Ruſſi, varium, griſium, ſabelinas: Galli ſua vina. Vrbe Roma ſecundum Chronicorum fidem ſatis antiquior eſt. Ab eiſdem quippe patribus Troianis hæc prius a Bruto condita eſt, quàm illa a Remo et Romulo. Vnde et adhuc antiquis eiſdem vtuntur legibus, communibus inſtitutis. Hæc ſimiliter illi regionibus eſt diſtincta: habet annuos pro conſulibus vicecomites: habet ſenatoriam dignitatem & magiſtratus minores: Eluuiones et aquæductus in vicis: Ad genera cauſarū deliberatiuæ, demonſtratiuæ, iudicialis loca ſua, fora ſingula: habet ſua diebus ſtatutis comitia. Non puto vrbem eſſe in qua ſint probabiliores conſuetudines, in eccleſiis viſitandis, ordinatis Dei honorandis, feſtis feriandis, eleemoſinis dandis, in hoſpitibus ſuſcipiendis, in deſponſationibus firmandis, matrimoniis contrahendis, nuptiis celebrandis, conuiuijs ornandis, conuiuis hilarandis, etiam in exequiis curandis & cadaueribus humandis. Solæ peſtes Londini ſunt, immoderata ſtultorum potatio, et frequens incendium. Ad hæc omnes ferè Epiſcopi, Abbates, & Magnates Angliæ, quaſi ciues et municipes ſunt vrbis Londoniæ: ſua ibi habentes ædificia præclara, vbi ſerecipiunt, vbi diuites impenſas faciunt, ad conſilia, ad conuentus celebres in vrbem euocati, a Domino rege, vel Metropolitano ſuo, ſeu propriis tracti negotiis.

AMplius et ad ludos vrbis veniamus, quoniā nō expedit vtilē tantùm et ſeriā vrbē eſſe, niſi dulcis etiam ſit, & iucunda. Vnde et in ſigillis ſummorum Pontificum, vſque ad tempora Leonis Papæ, ex altera parte Bullæ, ſculpto per impreſſionem piſcatore Petro, et ſupra eum claue, quaſi manu Dei de cœlis ei porrecta, et circa eum verſu, Tu pro me nauem liquiſti, ſuſcipe clauem.

Ex altera parte impreſſa erat vrbs, et ſcriptura iſta, Aurea Roma. Item ad laudē Cæſaris Auguſti, et Romæ dictū eſt.

Nocte pluit tota, redeunt ſpectaculamane, Diuiſum imperium cum Ioue Cæſar habes.

Lundonia pro ſpectaculis theatralibus, pro ludis ſcenicis, ludos habet ſanctiores, repreſentationes miraculorum, quæ ſancti Confeſſores operati ſunt, feu repræſentationes paſſionum, quibus claruit conſtantia Martyrum. Præterea quotannis die, quæ dicitur Carnivale vt â puerorum ludis incipiamus (omnes enim pueri fuimus) ſcholarum ſinguli pueri ſuos apportant magiſtro ſuo gallos gallinaceos pugnatores, & totū illud antemeridianum datur ludo puerorum vacantium ſpectare in ſcholis ſuorum pugnas gallorum. Poſt prandium exit in campos omnis iuuentus vrbis ad luſum pilæ celebrem. Singulorum ſtudiorum ſcolares ſuam habent pilā: ſingulorum officiorum vrbis exercitores ſuam ſinguli pilam in manibus. Maiores natu patres & diuites vrbis, in equis ſpectatum veniunt certamina iuniorum, & modo ſuo inueniuntur cum iuuenibus: & excitari videtur in eis motus caloris naturalis, contemplatione tanti motus & participatione gaudiorum adoleſcentiæ liberioris. Singulis diebus dominicis in Quadrageſima poſt prandia exit in campos iuuenum recens examen in equis bellicoſis: in equis certamine primis: quorum quiſque aptus & in gyros currere doctus equus. Erumpunt a portis cateruatim filij ciuium laici, inſtructi lanceis & ſcutis militaribus: iuniores haſtilibus ferro dempto præfurcatis, ſimulachra belli cient & agoniſticam exercent militarem. Adueniunt & plurimi Aulici rege in vicino poſito, & de familijs conſulum & Baronum ephebi: non dum cingulo donati militiæ, gratia concertandi. Accendit ſingulos ſpes victoriæ: equi feri adhinniunt, tremunt artus, frænos mandunt, impatientes moræ ſtare loco neſciunt. Cum tandē Sonipedum rapit vngula curſum, ſeſſores adoleſcentes diuiſis agminibus hij præcedentibus inſtant, nec aſſequuntur, hij ſocios deijciunt & preteruolant. In ferijs paſchalibus ludunt quaſi prælia naualia: in arbore ſiquidem mediamna ſcuto fortiter innexo, nauicula remo & raptu fluminis cita, in prora ſtantem habet iuuenem ſcutum illud lancea percuſſurū: qui ſi ſcuto illi lanceam illidens frangat eam, & immotus perſiſtat, habet propoſitum, voti compos eſt: ſi verò lancea integra fortiter percuſſerit, in profluentem amnem deijcitur: Nauis motu ſuo acta præterit. Sunt tamen hinc inde ſecus ſcutum duæ naues ſtationariæ, & in eis iuuenes plurimi, vt eripiant percuſſorem flumine abſorptum cum primo emerſus comparet, vel ſūma rurſus cum bullit in vnda. Supra pontem & in ſolariis ſupra fluuium, ſunt qui talia ſpectent, multum ridere parati. In feſtis tota æſtate iuuenes ludentes exercēntur, in ſaliendo, in arcu, in lucta, iactu lapidū, amentatis miſsilibus vltra metam expediendis, parmis duellionum. Puellarum Cytheræa ducit choros, & pede libero pulſatur tellus, vſq; imminente luna. In Hyeme ſingulis fere feſtis ante prandium, vel apri ſpumantes pugnant pro capitibus, & verres fulmineis accincti dentibus addendi Succidiæ, vel pingues tauri Cornupetæ, ſeu vrſi immanes cum obiectis depugnant canibus. Cúm eſt congelata palus illa magna quæ mœnia vrbis aquilonalia alluit, exeunt luſum ſuper glaciem denſæ iuuenum turmæ: Hi ex curſu motu captato citatiore, diſtantia pedum poſita, magnum ſpacium latere altero prætenſo perlabuntur. Alii quaſi magnos lapides molares de glacie ſedes ſibi faciunt: ſeſſorem vnum trahunt plurimi præcurrentes, manibus ſe tenentes: In tanta citatione motus aliquando pedibus lapſi cadunt omnes proni. Suntalii ſuper glaciem ludere doctiores, ſinguli pedibus ſuis aptantes, & ſub talaribus ſuis alligantes oſſa, tibias ſcilicet animalium, & palos ferro acuto ſuperpoſito tenentes in manibus, quos aliquando glaciei allidunt: tanta rapacitate feruntur, quanta auis volans, vel pilum baliſtæ. Interdum autem permagna procul diſtantia ex condicto, duo aliqui ita ab oppoſitis veniunt, concurritur: palos erigunt, ſe inuicem percutiunt: vel alter, vel ambo cadunt, non ſine læſione corporali: cum poſt caſum etiam vi motus feruntur ab inuicem procul: & qua parte glacies caput tangit, totum radit, totum decorticat. Plerumquetibia cadentes, vel brachium, ſi ſuper illud ceciderit, confringitur. Sed ætas auida gloriæ, iuuētus cupida victoriæ, vt in veris præliis fortius ſe habeant, ita in ſimulatis exercentur. Plurimi ciuium delectantur, ludentes in auibus cœli, niſi accipitribus & huiuſmodi, & in canibus militantibus in ſiluis. Habentque ciues ſuū ius venandi, in Middleſexia, Hertfordſcira, tota Chiltra, & in Cantia vſque ad aquam Graiæ. Lundonienſes tunc Trinouantes dicti Caium Iulium Ceſarem, qui nullas niſi ſanguine fuſo vias habere gaudebat, repulerunt. Vnde Lucanus.

Territa quæſitis oſtendit terga Britannis.

Ciuitas Lundonia reperit aliquos, qui regna plurima, & Romanum ſibi ſubdiderunt imperium, & plurimos alios, quos mundi Dominos virtus evexit ad Deos, vt fuerat in Apollinis oraculo Bruto promiſſum: Brute ſub occaſu ſolis, trans Gallica regna, Inſula in Oceano eſt vndique clauſa mari: Hanc pete: namque tibi ſedes erit illa perennis, Hæc fiet natis, altera Troia tuis: Hic de stirpe tua reges naſcentur, & ipſis Totius terræ ſubditus orbis erit. In temporibus Chriſtianis nobilem illum edidit Im peratorem Conſtantinum, qui vrbem Romã, & imperialia inſignia omnia Deo donauit, & beato Petro & Silueſtro Papæ, cui & ſtratoris exhibuit officium, & ſe non amplius Imperatorem, ſed ſanctæ eccleſiæ Romanæ defenſorē gauiſus eſt vocari: & ne pax Domini Papæ occaſione præſentiæ eius ſecularis ſtrepitus tumultu concuteretur, ipſe ab vrbe Domino Papæ collata diſceſſit, & ſibi ciuitatem Bizantium edificauit. Lundonia & modernis temporibus, reges illuſtres magnificoſque peperit, Imperatricem Matildem, Henricum regem tertium, & beatum Thomam Archiepiſcopum Chriſti Martyrem glorioſum, quali non candidiorem tulit, nec quo fuerit deuinctior alter omnibus bonis totius orbis Latini.

FINIS.