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                    <name ref="#MCFI1">Kim McLean-Fiander</name>
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                    <resp ref="#cpy">Copy Editor<date>2014-07-08</date></resp>
                    <name ref="#TAKE1">Joey Takeda</name>
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                <respStmt>
                    <resp ref="#gis">Geo-Coordinate Researcher<date>2015-01-28</date></resp>
                    <name ref="#MCKE4">Katie McKenna</name>
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            <respStmt>
<resp ref="#dtm">Data Manager<date/></resp>
<name ref="#LAND2">Tye Landels</name>
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<respStmt>
               <resp ref="#prg">Junior Programmer<date/></resp>
               <name ref="#TAKE1">Joey Takeda</name>
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               <resp ref="#prg">Programmer<date/></resp>
               <name ref="#HOLM3">Martin Holmes</name>
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               <resp ref="#rth">Associate Project Director<date/></resp>
               <name ref="#MCFI1">Kim McLean-Fiander</name>
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      <publisher><title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title></publisher><idno type="URL">http://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/includes.xml</idno><pubPlace>Victoria, BC, Canada</pubPlace><address>
        <addrLine>Department of English</addrLine>
        <addrLine>P.O.Box 3070 STNC CSC</addrLine>
        <addrLine>University of Victoria</addrLine>
        <addrLine>Victoria, BC</addrLine>
        <addrLine>Canada</addrLine>
        <addrLine>V8W 3W1</addrLine>
    </address><date>2016</date><distributor>University of Victoria</distributor><idno type="ISBN">978-1-55058-519-3</idno><authority>
          <name ref="#JENS1">Janelle Jenstad</name>
          <ref target="mailto:london@uvic.ca">london@uvic.ca</ref>
        </authority><availability>
            <p>Copyright held by <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title> on behalf of the contributors.</p>
            <licence target="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">
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            </licence>
            <p>Further details of licences are available from our
              <ref target="licence.xml">Licences</ref> page. For more
              information, contact the project director, <name ref="#JENS1">Janelle Jenstad</name>, for
              specific information on the availability and licensing of content
              found in files on this site.</p>
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<bibl type="ris"><code>Provider: University of Victoria
Database: The Map of Early Modern London
Content: text/plain; charset="utf-8"

TY  - ELEC
A1  - McLean-Fiander, Kim
ED  - Jenstad, Janelle
T1  - Paul’s Chain
T2  - The Map of Early Modern London
ET  - 7.0
PY  - 2022
DA  - 2022/05/05
CY  - Victoria
PB  - University of Victoria
LA  - English
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<bibl type="mla"><author><name ref="#MCFI1"><name type="surname">McLean-Fiander</name>, <name type="forename">Kim</name></name></author>. <title level="a">Paul’s Chain</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>, edited by <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><name type="forename">Janelle</name> <name type="surname">Jenstad</name></name></editor>, <publisher>U of Victoria</publisher>, <date>05 May 2022</date>, <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/PAUL1.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/PAUL1.htm</ref>.</bibl>
<bibl type="chicago"><author><name ref="#MCFI1"><name type="surname">McLean-Fiander</name>, <name type="forename">Kim</name></name></author>. <title level="a">Paul’s Chain</title>. <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, Edition <edition>7.0</edition>. Ed. <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><name type="forename">Janelle</name> <name type="surname">Jenstad</name></name></editor>. <pubPlace>Victoria</pubPlace>: <publisher>University of Victoria</publisher>. Accessed <date>May 05, 2022</date>. <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/PAUL1.htm">mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/PAUL1.htm</ref>.</bibl>
<bibl type="apa"><author><name><name type="surname">McLean-Fiander</name>, <name type="forename">K.</name></name></author> <date>2022</date>. <title>Paul’s Chain</title>. In <editor><name ref="#JENS1"><name type="forename">J.</name> <name type="surname">Jenstad</name></name></editor> (Ed), <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title> (Edition <edition>7.0</edition>). <pubPlace>Victoria</pubPlace>: <publisher>University of Victoria</publisher>. Retrieved  from <ref target="https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/PAUL1.htm">https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/editions/7.0/PAUL1.htm</ref>.</bibl>
</listBibl></note><note n="abstract"><p><ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref> was a street that ran north-south between <ref target="#STPA3">St Paul’s Churchyard</ref> and <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref>, crossing over <ref target="#CART1">Carter Lane</ref>, <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref>, and <ref target="#THAM1">Thames Street</ref>. It was in <ref target="#CAST2">Castle Baynard Ward</ref>. On the Agas map, it is labelled <q>Paules chayne</q>. The precinct wall around <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s Church</ref> had six gates, one of which was on the south side by <ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref>. It was here that a chain used to be drawn across the carriage-way entrance in order to preserve silence during church services.</p></note><note n="personography"><list type="person"><item xml:id="VATC1">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Nicole Vatcher</reg>
       <name type="forename">Nicole</name>
       <name type="surname">Vatcher</name>
       <abbr>NV</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Project Manager, 2021-2022.Technical Documentation Writer, 2020-2021. Nicole Vatcher was an honours student in the
        Department of English and minored in Professional Communication at the University of
        Victoria. Her research interests include women’s writing in the modernist period.</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="TAKE1">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Joey Takeda</reg>
       <name type="forename">Joey</name>
       <name type="surname">Takeda</name>
       <abbr>JT</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017.
        Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department
        of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English
        (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary
        research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature,
        critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="MCKE4">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Katie McKenna</reg>
       <name type="forename">Katie</name>
       <name type="surname">McKenna</name>
       <abbr>KLM</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Research Assistant, 2014-2015. Katie McKenna was a third-year English literature major at
        the University of Victoria with an interest in the digital humanities, particularly digital
        preservation and typography. Other research interests included philosophy, political theory,
        and gender studies.</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="LAND2">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Tye Landels-Gruenewald</reg>
       <name type="forename">Tye</name>
       <name type="surname">Landels-Gruenewald</name>
       <abbr>TLG</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate
        honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="MCFI1">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Kim McLean-Fiander</reg>
       <name type="forename">Kim</name>
       <name type="surname">McLean-Fiander</name>
       <abbr>KMF</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015.
        Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes
        to <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title> from the <ref target="http://cofk.history.ox.ac.uk/"><title level="m">Cultures of Knowledge</title></ref>
        digital humanities project at the <ref target="http://www.ox.ac.uk/">University of
         Oxford</ref>, where she was the editor of <ref target="http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/"><title level="m">Early Modern Letters Online</title></ref>, an open-access union
        catalogue and editorial interface for correspondence from the sixteenth to eighteenth
        centuries. She is currently Co-Director of a sister project to <ref target="http://emlo.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/"><title level="m">EMLO</title></ref> called <title level="m">Women’s Early Modern Letters Online</title> (<ref target="http://wemlo.net/"><title level="m">WEMLO</title></ref>). In the past, she held an internship with the
        curator of manuscripts at the <ref target="https://www.folger.edu/">Folger Shakespeare
         Library</ref>, completed a doctorate at <ref target="http://www.ox.ac.uk/">Oxford</ref> on
        paratext and early modern women writers, and worked a number of years for the <ref target="http://www.bodleian.ox.ac.uk/">Bodleian Libraries</ref> and as a freelance editor.
        She has a passion for rare books and manuscripts as social and material artifacts, and is
        interested in the development of digital resources that will improve access to these
        materials while ensuring their ongoing preservation and conservation. An avid traveler, Kim
        has always loved both London and maps, and so is particularly delighted to be able to bring
        her early modern scholarly expertise to bear on the MoEML project.</p>
      </note>
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       <reg>Janelle Jenstad</reg>
       <name type="forename">Janelle</name>
       <name type="surname">Jenstad</name>
       <abbr>JJ</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director
        of <title level="m">The Map of Early Modern London</title>, and PI of <title level="m">Linked Early Modern Drama Online</title>. She has taught at Queen’s University, the Summer
        Academy at the Stratford Festival, the University of Windsor, and the University of
        Victoria. With Jennifer Roberts-Smith and Mark Kaethler, she co-edited <title level="m">Shakespeare’s Language in Digital Media</title> (<ref target="https://www.routledge.com/Shakespeares-Language-in-Digital-Media-Old-Words-New-Tools/Jenstad-Kaethler-Roberts-Smith/p/book/9781472427977">Routledge</ref>). She has prepared a documentary edition of John Stow’s <title level="m">A
         Survey of London</title> (1598 text) for MoEML and is currently editing <title level="m">The Merchant of Venice</title> (with Stephen Wittek) and Heywood’s <title level="m">2 If
         You Know Not Me You Know Nobody</title> for DRE. Her articles have appeared in <title level="j">Digital Humanities Quarterly</title>, <title level="j">Renaissance and
         Reformation</title>,<title level="j">Journal of Medieval and Early Modern Studies</title>,
         <title level="j">Early Modern Literary Studies</title>, <title level="j">Elizabethan
         Theatre</title>, <title level="j">Shakespeare Bulletin: A Journal of Performance
         Criticism</title>, and <title level="j">The Silver Society Journal</title>. Her book
        chapters have appeared (or will appear) in <title level="m">Institutional Culture in Early
         Modern Society</title> (Brill, 2004), <title level="m">Shakespeare, Language and the Stage,
         The Fifth Wall: Approaches to Shakespeare from Criticism, Performance and Theatre
         Studies</title> (Arden/Thomson Learning, 2005), <title level="m">Approaches to Teaching
         Othello</title> (Modern Language Association, 2005), <title level="m">Performing Maternity
         in Early Modern England</title> (Ashgate, 2007), <title level="m">New Directions in the
         Geohumanities: Art, Text, and History at the Edge of Place</title> (Routledge, 2011), Early
        Modern Studies and the Digital Turn (Iter, 2016), <title level="m">Teaching Early Modern
         English Literature from the Archives</title> (MLA, 2015), <title level="m">Placing Names:
         Enriching and Integrating Gazetteers</title> (Indiana, 2016), <title level="m">Making
         Things and Drawing Boundaries</title> (Minnesota, 2017), and <title level="m">Rethinking
         Shakespeare’s Source Study: Audiences, Authors, and Digital Technologies</title>
        (Routledge, 2018).</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="HOLM3">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>Martin D. Holmes</reg>
       <name type="forename">Martin</name>
       <name type="forename">D.</name>
       <name type="surname">Holmes</name>
       <abbr>MDH</abbr>
      </name>
      <note>
       <p>Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC).
        Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database
        implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project
        and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on
        MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.</p>
      </note>
     </item><item xml:id="STOW6">
      <name type="person">
       <reg>John Stow</reg>
       <name type="forename">John</name>
       <name type="surname">Stow</name>
      </name>
      <date type="birth">1524/25-1525/26</date>
      <date type="death">1605/06</date>
      <note>
       <p>Historian and author of <title level="m">A Survey of London</title>. Husband of <name ref="PERS1.xml#STOW23">Elizabeth Stow</name>.</p>
       <list type="links">
        <item><ref target="STOW3.xml">MoEML</ref></item>
        <item><ref target="https://www.oxforddnb.com/view/10.1093/ref:odnb/9780198614128.001.0001/odnb-9780198614128-e-26611"><title level="m">ODNB</title></ref></item>
        <item><ref target="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Stow"><title level="m">Wikipedia</title></ref></item>
       </list>
      </note>
     </item></list></note></notesStmt><sourceDesc><bibl>Born digital.</bibl>
<listBibl>
<bibl xml:id="HARB1" type="sec">
            <author>Harben, Henry A.</author>
            <title level="m">A Dictionary of London</title>. London: Herbert Jenkins, <date>1918</date>. [Available digitally from <title level="m">British History Online</title>: <ref target="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/dictionary-of-london">https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/dictionary-of-london</ref>.]</bibl>
<bibl xml:id="OGIL3" type="prim">
            <author><name ref="PERS1.xml#OGIL6">Ogilby, John</name></author>, and <author><name ref="PERS1.xml#MORG2">William Morgan</name></author>. <title level="m">London Survey’d,
              or, An Explanation of the Large Map of London Giving a Particular Account of the
              Streets and Lanes in the City and Liberties, with the Courts, Yards, Alleys, Churches,
              Halls, and Houses of Note in Every Street and Lane, and Directions to Find Them in the
              Map, with the Names and Marks of the Wards, Parishes, and Precincts Therein
              Described</title>. London: Printed and Sold at the Author’s House in Whitefriars,
              <date>1677</date>.</bibl>
<bibl xml:id="OSMD1">
            <author>Open Street Maps contributors</author>. <title level="m">Open Street Maps Data</title>.  OpenStreetMap Foundation (OSMF). <ref target="https://www.openstreetmap.org">https://www.openstreetmap.org</ref>.
          </bibl>
<bibl xml:id="ROCQ1" type="cart" subtype="reproduction">
            <author><name ref="PERS1.xml#ROCQ4">Rocque, John</name></author>. <title level="m">A Plan of the Cities of London and
              Westminster, and Borough of Southwark with Contiguous Buildings</title>. London:
            Printed by John Rocque, <date>1746</date>. Reprinted as <title level="m">The A to Z of Georgian
              London</title>. Introduced by Ralph Hyde. London: London Topographical Society, <date>1982</date>. [We cite by index label thus: Rocque 15Db.</bibl>
<bibl xml:id="STOW1" type="both">
            <author><name ref="#STOW6">Stow, John</name></author>. <title level="m">A Survey of
              London. Reprinted from the Text of 1603</title>. Ed. <editor>Charles Lethbridge
                Kingsford</editor>. 2 vols. Oxford: Clarendon, <date>1908</date>. See also the <ref target="https://www.british-history.ac.uk/no-series/survey-of-london-stow/1603">digital transcription of this edition</ref> at British History Online.</bibl>
</listBibl>

<list type="place">
<item xml:id="STPA3">
<name type="place">St. Paul’s Churchyard</name>
<note>

              <p>Surrounding <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s Cathedral</ref>, <ref target="#STPA3">St. Paul’s Churchyard</ref> has had a multi-faceted history in use and function, being the location of burial, crime, public gathering, and celebration. Before its destruction during the civil war, <ref target="STPA6.xml">St. Paul’s Cross</ref> was located in the middle of the churchyard, providing a place for preaching and the delivery of Papal edicts (<ref target="BIBL1.xml#THOR8" type="bibl">Thornbury</ref>).</p>
          
<lb/>(<ref target="STPA3.xml">STPA3.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="PAUL2">
<name type="place">Paul’s Wharf</name>
<note>
<p>According to Schofield, <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref> is one of the oldest wharfs on the <ref target="THAM2.xml">Thames</ref> (<ref target="BIBL1.xml#SCHO9" type="bibl">Schofield 181</ref>). Located in both <ref target="#CAST2">Castle Baynard Ward</ref> and <ref target="QUEE3.xml">Queenhithe Ward</ref>, <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref> was situated near <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s Cathedral</ref> and <ref target="STBE1.xml">St. Benet</ref>. Since <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref> was only blocks away from <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s Cathedral</ref>, the clergy used the wharf as a point of travel.</p>
<lb/>(<ref target="PAUL2.xml">PAUL2.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="CART1">
<name type="place">Carter Lane</name>
<note>
 <p><ref target="#CART1">Carter Lane</ref> ran east-west between <ref target="CREE2.xml">Creed Lane</ref> in the west, past <ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref>, to <ref target="OLDC1.xml">Old Change</ref> in the East. It ran parallel to <ref target="#STPA3">St. Paul’s Churchyard</ref> in the north and <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref> in the south. It lay within <ref target="#CAST2">Castle Baynard Ward</ref> and <ref target="FARR1.xml">Farringdon Ward Within</ref>. It is labelled as <q>Carter lane</q> on the Agas map.</p>
        
<lb/>(<ref target="CART1.xml">CART1.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="KNIG1">
<name type="place">Knightrider Street</name>
<note>
<p>
            <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref> ran east-west
            from <ref target="DOWG1.xml">Dowgate Street</ref> to <ref target="ADDL1.xml">Addle Hill</ref>, crossing <ref target="COLL1.xml">College Hill</ref>, <ref target="GARL1.xml">Garlick Hill</ref>, <ref target="TRIN1.xml">Trinity
                Lane</ref>, <ref target="HUGG2.xml">Huggin Lane</ref>, <ref target="BREA1.xml">Bread Street</ref>, <ref target="OLDF2.xml">Old Fish Street Hill</ref>, <ref target="LAMB2.xml">Lambert or Lambeth Hill</ref>, <ref target="STPE1.xml">St. Peter’s Hill</ref>, and <ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref>. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and <ref target="DOCT1.xml">Doctors’ Commons</ref>.</p>
<lb/>(<ref target="KNIG1.xml">KNIG1.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="THAM1">
<name type="place">Thames Street</name>
<note>
<p><ref target="#THAM1">Thames Street</ref> was the longest street
                        in early modern <ref target="LOND5.xml">London</ref>, running east-west from the ditch around the <ref target="TOWE5.xml">Tower of London</ref> in the east to <ref target="STAN3.xml">St. Andrew’s Hill</ref> and <ref target="PUDD2.xml">Puddle Wharf</ref> in the west, almost the
                        complete span of the city within the walls.</p>
<lb/>(<ref target="THAM1.xml">THAM1.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="CAST2">
<name type="place">Castle Baynard Ward</name>
<note>
<p><ref target="#CAST2">Castle Baynard Ward</ref> is west of <ref target="QUEE3.xml">Queenhithe Ward</ref> and <ref target="BREA3.xml">Bread Street Ward</ref>. The ward is named after <ref target="BAYN1.xml">Baynard’s Castle</ref>, one of its main ornaments.</p>
<lb/>(<ref target="CAST2.xml">CAST2.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="STPA2">
<name type="place">St. Paul’s Cathedral</name>
<note>
<p><ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s Cathedral</ref> was—and remains—an important church in <ref target="LOND5.xml">London</ref>. In <date>962</date>, while <ref target="LOND5.xml">London</ref> was occupied by the Danes, <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s</ref> monastery was burnt and raised anew. The
              church survived the Norman conquest of <date>1066</date>, but in <date>1087</date> it was burnt again.
              An ambitious Bishop named <name ref="PERS1.xml#MAUR1">Maurice</name> took the opportunity to build a new <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s</ref>, even petitioning the king
              to offer a piece of land belonging to one of his castles (<ref type="bibl" target="BIBL1.xml#TIME1">Times 115</ref>). The building <name ref="PERS1.xml#MAUR1">Maurice</name> initiated would
              become the cathedral of <ref target="#STPA2">St. Paul’s</ref>
              which survived until the <ref target="FIRE1.xml">Great Fire of London</ref>. </p>
  	
<lb/>(<ref target="STPA2.xml">STPA2.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="BENN1">
<name type="place">Bennet’s Hill</name>
<note>
Information is not yet available.
<lb/>(<ref target="BENN1.xml">BENN1.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>

<item xml:id="STPA7">
<name type="place">St. Paul’s Head Tavern</name>
<note>
Information is not yet available.
<lb/>(<ref target="STPA7.xml">STPA7.xml</ref>)
</note>
</item>
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        printed text. This term may also be used when more than one person or body bears such
        responsibility. </gloss>
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    </teiHeader><text>
      <front>
         <docTitle>
            <titlePart type="main">Paul’s Chain</titlePart>
         </docTitle>
      </front>
        <body>
            <div type="placeInfo" xml:id="PAUL1_placeInfo">
                
                <list type="place">
                    <item>
                        <name type="place">Paul’s Chain</name>
                        <p>

            Location:
            
                            <code lang="gis">"geometry": {"type":"LineString","coordinates":[[-0.099092,51.513246],[-0.099119,51.512978],[-0.099086,51.512565],[-0.099048,51.512006]]}</code>
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         <div>
             <p><ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref> was a street that ran north-south between <ref target="#STPA3">St Paul’s Churchyard</ref> and <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref>, crossing over <ref target="#CART1">Carter Lane</ref>, <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref>, and <ref target="#THAM1">Thames Street</ref>. It was in <ref target="#CAST2">Castle Baynard Ward</ref>. On the Agas map, it is labelled <q>Paules chayne</q>.</p>
             <p>On <title level="m">Ogilby and Morgan’s Map of London</title> in <date>1677</date>, the street’s name changed south of <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref> to <ref target="#BENN1">St Bennet’s Hill</ref>, and then, after crossing <ref target="#THAM1">Thames Street</ref>, changed again to <ref target="#PAUL2">Paul’s Wharf</ref> (<ref type="bibl" target="#OGIL3">Ogilby and Morgan</ref>). Between <date>1677</date> and <ref type="bibl" target="#ROCQ1">John Rocque’s map</ref> of <date>1746</date>, the section between <ref target="#CART1">Carter Lane</ref> and <ref target="#KNIG1">Knightrider Street</ref> became known as <q>Godalmin Street</q>. Harben inidcates that the first mention of <q>Godlyman Street</q> was in <date>1732</date> (<ref type="bibl" target="#HARB1">Harben 261</ref>). By <date>1890</date>, the name <q>Paul’s Chain</q> was abolished and the stretch of street from <ref target="#STPA3">St Paul’s Churchyard</ref> to what is now called Queen Victoria Street was called <q>Godliman Street</q> (<ref type="bibl" target="#HARB1">Harben 461</ref>).</p>
                 
             <p>In <date>1598</date>, <name ref="#STOW6">Stow</name> writes about the <q><ref target="PAUL1.xml">South Chaine of Powles churchyarde</ref></q> and explains that it is near <q>the <ref target="#STPA7">Powle head Tauerne</ref>, which house with the appurtenances was of olde time called <ref target="#STPA7">Powles Brewhouse</ref></q> (<ref type="bibl" target="#STOW1">Stow 2:12, 17</ref>).</p>
                 
             <p>The precinct wall around <ref target="#STPA2">St Paul’s Church</ref> had six gates, one of which was on the south side by <ref target="PAUL1.xml">Paul’s Chain</ref>. It was here that a chain used to be drawn across the carriage-way entrance in order to preserve silence during church services (<ref type="bibl" target="#HARB1">Harben 461</ref>).</p>
         </div>
        </body>
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