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Database: The Map of Early Modern London
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TY - ELEC
A1 - Ogilby, John
A1 - Morgan, William
ED - Jenstad, Janelle
T1 - Excerpt from London Survey’d
T2 - The Map of Early Modern London
ET - 7.0
PY - 2022
DA - 2022/05/05
CY - Victoria
PB - University of Victoria
LA - English
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/OGIL5.htm
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/OGIL5.xml
ER -
Project Manager, 2022-present. Research Assistant, 2020-2022. Molly Rothwell was an undergraduate student at the University of Victoria, with a double major in English and History. During her time at MoEML, Molly primarily worked on encoding and transcribing the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s
Research Assistant, 2018-2021. Lucas Simpson was a student at the University of Victoria.
Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in
Junior Programmer 2018-2020. Research Associate 2020-2021. Tracey received her PhD from the Department of English at the University of Victoria in the field of Science and Technology Studies. Her research focuses on the
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.
Research Assistant, 2016, 2018. Student contributor enrolled in
Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
King of England, Scotland, and Ireland
Queen of England and Ireland
Member of the
King of England
Member of the
Cartographer. Carried on the cartographic work of
Dancing master, poet, translator, surveyor, and geographer. Appointed
King’s Cosmographer
King of England
Politician and military commander of the Roman empire.
Emperor of the Roman Empire
Son of
Roman orator and public official.
Emperor of the Roman Empire
Bookseller.
Bookseller.
Central figure of the Bible.
Roman soldier and historian. Author of the
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The
The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (
This page points to the district known as Whitefriars. For the theatre, see Whitefriars Theatre.
Temple Bar was one of the principle entrances to the city of London, dividing the Strand to the west and Fleet Street to the east. It was an ancient right of way and toll gate. Walter Thornbury dates the wooden gate structure shown in the Agas Map to the early Tudor period, and describes a number of historical pageants that processed through it, including the funeral procession of
The Aldgate Bars were posts that marked the eastern
limits of the City of London. They were located at the western end of Whitechapel and the eastern end of Aldgate Street.
As the only bridge in London crossing the Thames until
PLACEHOLDER LOCATION ITEM. The purpose of this item is to allow encoders to link to a location item when they cannot add a new location file for some reason. MoEML may still be seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please contact the MoEML team.
St. Leonard’s church—also known as
Blackman Street formed the southern portion of the main thoroughfare in Southwark, which is now commonly referred to as the High Street
or Borough High Street
(Malden).
St. Paul’s Cathedral was—and remains—an important church in London. In
Located in Broad Street Ward and Cornhill Ward, the Royal Exchange was opened in
Originally built as a Roman fortification for the provincial city of Londinium in the second century C.E., the London Wall remained a material and spatial boundary for the city throughout the early modern period. Described by high and great
(Stow 1:8), the London Wall dominated the cityscape and spatial imaginations of Londoners for centuries. Increasingly, the eighteen-foot high wall created a pressurized constraint on the growing city; the various gates functioned as relief valves where development spilled out to occupy spaces
Barbican was a historically significant street that ran east-west, connecting Aldersgate Street in the west with Redcross Street and Golden Lane in the east. Barbican was more then halfe
contained by Cripplegate Ward, with the rest lying within Aldersgate Ward (Stow 1:291). The street is labeled on the Agas map as Barbican
.
Addle Hill or Athelyngstrete ran north from Knightrider Street up to Carter Lane (Stow 1633, sig. 2M4v).
Aldermanbury ran north-south, between Lad Lane in the south and Love Lane in the north and parallel between Wood Street in the west and Basinghall Street in the east. It lay wholly in Cripplegate Ward. This street is not to be confused with Alderman Bury, the former meeting place of the
Bevis Marks was a street south of the City Wall that ran east-west from Shoemaker Row to the north end of St. Mary Axe Street. It was in Aldgate Ward. Bevis Marks was continued by Duke’s Place.
Although its name evokes the pandemonium of the archetypal madhouse, Bethlehem (Bethlem, Bedlam) Hospital was not always an asylum. As Priorie of Cannons with brethren and
sisters
, founded in one of the Sheriffes of London
(Stow 1:164). We know from
Bishopsgate Street ran north from Cornhill Street to the southern end of Shoreditch Street at the city boundary. South of
Cornhill, the road became Gracechurch Street, and the two streets formed a
major north-south artery in the eastern end of the walled city of London, from
London Bridge to Shoreditch. Important sites included: Bethlehem Hospital, a mental hospital, and Bull Inn, a place where plays were performed before
(Weinreb and Hibbert
67).
The largest and wealthiest friary in England, Blackfriars was not only a
religious institution but also a cultural, intellectual, and political centre of London. The friary housed
London’s Dominican friars (known in England as the Black friars) after their move from
the smaller Blackfriars precincts in Holborn. The Dominicans’ aquisition of the site,
overseen by
Bread Street ran north-south from the Standard (Cheapside) to Knightrider Street, crossing Watling Street. It lay wholly in the ward of Bread Street, to which it gave its name.
Bread Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames Street.
The label for this street on the Agas Map reads Bread
ſtreat
, but we know from Huggen
lane
and S. Mary Mounthaunt
(St. Mary Mounthaunt is another name for Old Fish Street Hill) (Stow 2:1).
Broad Street ran north-south from All Hallows, London Wall to Threadneedle Street and to a Pumpe ouer against Saint Bennets church
(Stow). Broad Street, labelled Brode Streat
on the Agas map, was entirely in
Broad Street Ward. The street’s name was a
reference to its width and importance (Harben).
Budge Row ran east-west through Cordwainer Street Ward. It passed through the ward from Soper Lane in the west to Walbrook Street in the east. Beyond Soper Lane, Budge Row became Watling Street. Before it came to be known as Budge Row, it once formed part of Watling Street, one of the Roman roads (Weinreb and Hibbert 107).
Camomile Street lay south of the city wall from Bevis Marks
to Bishopsgate Street. Camomile Street is the seventeenth century
name for a street that was nameless when
the streete which runneth by the north ende of saint Marie streete(Stow).
Candlewick, Candlewright, or, later, Cannon Street, ran east-west from Walbrook Street in the west to the beginning of Eastcheap at its eastern terminus. Candlewick Street became Eastcheap somewhere around St. Clements Lane, and led into a great meat market (Stow 1:217). Together with streets such as Budge Row, Watling Street, and Tower Street, which all joined into each other, Candlewick Street formed the main east-west road through London between Ludgate and Posterngate.
Cheapside Street, one of the most important streets in early modern London, ran east-west between the Great Conduit at the foot of Old Jewry to the Little Conduit by St. Paul’s churchyard. The terminus of all the northbound streets from the river, the broad expanse of Cheapside Street separated the northern wards from the southern wards. It was lined with buildings three, four, and even five stories tall, whose shopfronts were open to the light and set out with attractive displays of luxury commodities (Weinreb and Hibbert 148). Cheapside Street was the centre of London’s wealth, with many
College Hill was located on the boundary between Vintry Ward and
Dowgate Ward. It is visible on the Agas map and marked as Whythyngton College
.
Cornhill was a significant thoroughfare and was part of the cityʼs main major east-west thoroughfare that divided the northern half of London from the southern half. The part of this thoroughfare named Cornhill extended from St. Andrew Undershaft to the three-way intersection of Threadneedle, Poultry, and Cornhill where the Royal Exchange was built. The name Cornhill
preserves a memory both of the cornmarket that took place in this street, and of the topography of the site upon
which the Roman city of Londinium was built.
Note: Cornhill and Cornhill Ward are nearly synonymous in terms of location and nomenclature - thus, it can be a challenge to tell one from the other. Topographical decisions have been made to the best of our knowledge and ability.
One of the smallest London friaries, Crossed Friars (also known as
Crouched Friars or Crutched Friars) housed the
The Agas map labels this small street Castell hill
. In
Castle Alley(Prockter and Taylor 21). There does not seem to be any information in
Cloth Fair, as implied by its name, bears an innate connection to London’s mercantile culture. Henry A. Harben notes that it [d]erives its name from the clothiers and drapers who inhabited it in former times, and attended the famous Bartholomew Fair
(Harben 154). The location itself was on the Fair Ground between Long Lane and St. Bartholomew the Great.
In
Dowgate Street is a high street that runs north-south from Candlewick Street to the Thames. According to Dowgate
(Harben, Dowgate Hill). According to downe going or descending
, because the street descends to the Thames (Stow 1633, sig. Y4r).
According to
Eastcheap Street ran east-west, from
Tower Street to St. Martin’s Lane. West of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street, Eastcheap was known as Great Eastcheap
. The portion of the street to the
east of New Fish Street/Gracechurch Street was known as Little Eastcheap
. Eastcheap (Eschepe or Excheapp) was the site of a medieval food market.
New Fish Street (also known in the New Fyſhe ſtreate
. Variant spellings include Street of London Bridge
, Brigestret
, Brugestret
, and Newfishstrete
(Harben 432; BHO).
Gracechurch Street ran north-south from Cornhill Street near Leadenhall Market to the bridge. At the southern end, it was called
New Fish Street
. North of Cornhill, Gracechurch
continued as Bishopsgate Street, leading through
Bishop’s Gate out of the walled city into the
suburb of Shoreditch.
East Smithfield is a district located east of the
City of London and northeast of the Tower of
London. Its name derives from
smoothfield
, with the prefix east
helping
to differentiate it from the Smithfield northwest
of Cripplegate (Harben). As time progressed, it transformed from
what plot of ground
with very few houses into
a densely populated area by the mid-seventeenth century (Stow; Harben).
Fenchurch Street (often called pork and peas
after her sister,
Old Fish Street Hill ran north-south between Old Fish Street and Thames
Street. old
Fishstreete hill
and Saint Mary Mounthaunt Lane
.
Fleet Street runs east-west from Temple Bar to Fleet Hill or Ludgate Hill, and is named for the Fleet River. The road has existed since at least the
Friday Street passed south through Bread Street Ward, beginning at the cross in Cheapside Street and ending at Old Fish Street. It was one of many streets that ran into Cheapside Street market whose name is believed to originate from the goods that were sold there.
Garlick Hill ran north from the
Thames. Before it reached Cheapside Street,
it became Bow Lane. The name Garlick Hill
preserves a memory of
the steep incline (now partially flattened) leading away from the river.
Like Bread Street, Garlick Hill was built in the ninth
century; it provided access from the haven of Queenhithe (just to the west of
Garlick Hill) to Cheapside Street.
Goldsmiths’ Row was a section on the south side of Cheapside Street, by Cheapside Cross. Goldsmiths’ Row and the shops and homes of other wealthy merchants made the street an elite and attractive one.
Grub Street could be found outside the walled City of London. It ran north-south, between Everades Well Street in the north and Fore Lane in the south. Grub Street was partially in Cripplegate ward, and partially outside the limits of the City of London.
Hart Street ran east-west from Crutched Fryers and the north end of Seething Lane to Mark
Lane. In
Holborn ran east-west from the junction of Hosier Lane, Cock Lane and Snow Hill to St. Giles High Street, and passed through Farringdon Without Ward and Westminster.
Running southeast from Bishopsgate Street to Aldgate Street outside the city wall,
Houndsditch Street passed through Bishopsgate Ward and Portsoken Ward.
It was first paved in (within the limits of Hounds-ditch)
dwell many a good and honest Citizen
(Stow 1633, sig. M1v).
Knightrider Street ran east-west from Dowgate Street to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons.
Lambeth Hill ran north-south between Knightrider Street and Thames Street. Part of it lay in Queenhithe Ward and part in Castle Baynard Ward. The Blacksmiths’ Hall was located on the west side of this street, but the precise location is unknown.
Lime Street is a street that ran north-south from Leadenhall Street in the north to Fenchurch Street in the south. It was west of St. Andrew Undershaft and east of Leadenhall. It appears that the street was so named because people made or sold Lime there (Stow). This claim has some historical merit; in the 1150s one Ailnoth the limeburner lived in the area (Harben; BHO).
According to Carlin and Belcher, Lincoln’s Inn Fields were formerly referred to as Cup Field
or Purse Field
(Carlin and Belcher 84). The namesake for the location is Lincoln’s Inn, one of the Inns of Court. The fields were located east of Lincoln’s Inn and west of Covent Garden.
London Wall was a long street running along the inside of the northern part of the City Wall. It ran east-west from the north end of Broad Street to Cripplegate (Prockter and Taylor 43). The modern London Wall street is a major traffic thoroughfare now. It follows roughly the route of the former wall, from Old Broad Street to the Museum of London (whose address is 150 London Wall).
Ludgate Hill, also known as Fleet Hill, ran east-west from St. Paul’s Churchyard, past Ludgate, to an undetermined point before Fleet Bridge. It was the raised portion of the greater Ludgate Street leading up out of Fleet Street. The hill is labelled
According to Harben, Ludgate Street ran east-west from St. Paul’s Churchyard to about Old Bailey, though, the actual street probably stretched further west to the point where Ludgate Street became Fleet Street (Harben). It is often used synonymously with Ludgate Hill but MoEML understands Ludgate Hill to have been, rather, the raised portion of the larger Ludgate Street. A section of Ludgate Street was also called Bowyer Row, [so called] of Bowiers dwelling there in old time
(Stow 1598, sig. T1v).
Lombard Street was known by early modern Londoners as a place of commerce and trade. Running east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry, Lombard Street bordered Langbourn Ward, Walbrook Ward, Bridge Within Ward, and Candlewick Street Ward.
St. Martin’s Lane (le Grand) ran north-south between St. Anne’s Lane and Cheapside Street and was located at the western edge of Aldersgate Ward. The street takes its name from the church of St. Martin’s le Grand located to the east of the street. This portion of the Agas map is labelled
The church of St. Mary Axe was a church on the west side of St. Mary Axe
Street in Lime Street Ward. S. Marie the virgine, Saint Vrsula, and the 11000. Virgins
and believed that its common name, St. Mary Axe, derived from a sign near the
church’s east side (Stow). However, a
document written during the
Milk Street, located in Cripplegate Ward, began on the north side of Cheapside Street, and ran north to a square formed at the intersection of Milk Street, Cat Street (Lothbury), Lad Lane, and Aldermanbury.
Running south from Aldgate Street to Little Tower Hill, Minories derives its name from the Abbey of St. Clare, called the Abbey of the Minoresses of St. Clare, which stood at the street’s midpoint (Harben 416).
A low-lying marshy area just northeast of Moorgate and on the way to the Curtain, Moorfields was home to a surprising range of activities and accompanying cultural associations in early modern London. Beggars and the mentally ill patients of neighbouring Bethlehem Hospital often frequented the area. Some used the public space to bleach and dry linen, and the full of noysome waters
(Stow 2:77) until
Noble Street ran north-south between Maiden Lane (Wood Street) in the south and Silver Street in the north. It is all of Aldersgate street ward
(Stow). On the Agas map, it is labelled as Noble Str.
and is depicted as having a right-hand curve at its north end, perhaps due to an offshoot of the London Wall.
Noble Street is not to be confused with Watling Street, which bears Noble
as a variant toponym.
Chancery Lane was built sometime
around in
(Bebbington 78).
A street near the bank of the Thames near to St. Thomas Hospital.
The Old Bailey ran along the outside of the London Wall near
Newgate (Stow 1598, sig. U8v). It is labelled on the Agas map as Olde baily
.
Old Jewry ran north-south between Lothbury and Poultry and was located in Cheap Ward and Coleman Street Ward. The street was named for being one of the places where Jews inhabited in London before
Surrounding St. Paul’s Cathedral, St. Paul’s Churchyard has had a multi-faceted history in use and function, being the location of burial, crime, public gathering, and celebration. Before its destruction during the civil war, St. Paul’s Cross was located in the middle of the churchyard, providing a place for preaching and the delivery of Papal edicts (Thornbury).
Paul’s Chain was a street that ran north-south between St Paul’s Churchyard and Paul’s Wharf, crossing over Carter Lane, Knightrider Street, and Thames Street. It was in Castle Baynard Ward. On the Agas map, it is labelled Paules chayne
. The precinct wall around St. Paul’s Church had six gates, one of which was on the south side by Paul’s Chain. It was here that a chain used to be drawn across the carriage-way entrance in order to preserve silence during church services.
Queenhithe is one of the oldest
havens or harbours for ships along the Thames. landing place
. Queenhithe
was known in the ninth century as Aetheredes hyd or the landing place of
.
A suburban neighbourhood located just north of Moorfields and outside Londonʼs City Wall, Shoreditch was a focal point of early modern theatrical culture. Following a boom in Londonʼs population
Silver Street was a small but historically significant street that ran east-west, emerging out of Noble Street in the west and merging into Addle Street in the east. Monkwell Street (labelled Muggle St.
on the Agas map) lay to the north of Silver Street and seems to have marked its westernmost point, and Little Wood Street, also to the north, marked its easternmost point. Silver Street ran through Cripplegate Ward and Farringdon Within Ward. It is labelled as Syluer Str.
on the Agas map and is drawn correctly. Perhaps the most noteworthy historical fact about Silver Street is that it was the location of one of the houses in which
Named for its location on the bank of the Thames, the Strand leads outside the City of London from Temple Bar through what was formerly the Duchy of Lancaster to Charing Cross in what was once the city of Westminster. There were three main phases in the evolution of the Strand in early modern times: occupation by the bishops, occupation by the nobility, and commercial development.
Middle Temple was one of the four Inns of Court
Inner Temple was one of the four Inns of Court
Thames Street was the longest street in early modern London, running east-west from the ditch around the Tower of London in the east to St. Andrew’s Hill and Puddle Wharf in the west, almost the complete span of the city within the walls.
Threadneedle Street ran east-west from Bishopsgate Street to Cornhill and the Stocks Market. It
passed the north end of the Royal Exchange and was
entirely in Broad Street Ward. Threadneedle Street, also called
Throgmorton Street was in Broad Street Ward and ran east-west from Broad Street to Lothbury and Bartholomew Lane. Throgmorton Street appears unlabelled on the Agas map running west
from Broad Street, under the Drapers’ Hall.
Tower Street ran east-west from Tower Hill in the east to St. Andrew Hubbard. It was the principal street of Tower Street Ward. That the ward is named after the street indicates the cultural significance of Tower Street, which was a key part of the processional route through London and home to many wealthy merchants who traded in the goods that were unloaded at the docks and quays immediately south of Tower Street (for example, Billingsgate, Wool Key, and Galley Key).
Tower Hill was a large area of open ground north and
west of the Tower of London. It is most famous as a place of execution;
there was a permanent scaffold and gallows on the hill for the execution of
such Traytors or Transgressors, as are deliuered out of the Tower, or otherwise to the Shiriffes of
London
(Stow).
Little Tower Hill was a common northeast of the Tower of London, between East Smithfield and the Minories.
According to greatly diminished by building of
tenements and garden plots
by certaine
faire Almes houses, strongly builded of Bricke and timber, and couered with
slate for the poore
(Stow).
The Tower Ditch, or Tower
Moat, was part of the Tower of London’s
medieval defences. It was built by the Bishop of Ely
Watling Street ran east-west between St. Sythes Lane in Cordwainer Street Ward and Old Change in Bread Street Ward. It is visible on the Agas map under the label Watlinge ſtreat
.
Noble Street
(Stow 1598, sig. O4v). This should not lead to confusion with Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward. There is an etymological explanation for this crossover of names. According to Ekwall, the name Watling
ultimately derives from an Old English word meaning king’s son
(Ekwall 81-82). Watling Street remains distinct from the Noble Street in Aldersgate Ward.
Smithfield was an open, grassy area located outside the Wall. Because of its location close to the city centre, Smithfield was used as a site for markets, tournaments, and public executions. From
Whitechapel was a street running east-west to the
Aldgate Bars from the east. fully
replenished with buildings outward, & also pestered with diuerse Allyes,
on eyther side
(Stow).
Wood Street ran north-south, connecting at its southernmost end with Cheapside Street and continuing northward to Little Wood Street, which led directly into Cripplegate. It crossed over Huggin Lane, Lad Lane, Maiden Lane (Wood Street), Love Lane, Addle Lane, and Silver Street, and ran parallel to Milk Street in the east and Gutter Lane in the west. Wood Street lay within Cripplegate Ward. It is labelled as Wood Streat
on the Agas map and is drawn in the correct position.
Wormwood Street ran west-east along the Wall between Broad Street and Bishopsgate Street.
Our editorial and encoding practices are documented in detail in the Praxis section of our website.
NOtwithstanding the ample History of this Famous City, is design’d for One Intire Volume, and a brief Account thereof hath been given in the First Part of BRITANNIA; yet considering this will be more frequently Read, being Annex’d to the MAP, We shall make a short Repetition of some Things Memorable, of this Our Great Metropolis, LONDON:
In a large Sence, the Cities of LONDON and WESTMINSTER, with the Borough of Southwark, and whole Mass of contiguous Buildings; but in a stricter Acceptation, the City and Liberties of LONDON (as Describ’d in Our MAP) which having in Antiquity admitted of various Appellations: Is at present by the Modern French call’d Londres; by other Nations, Londra and Lunden; and in Latine, Londinum.
For Antiquity, ’tis Recorded in Roman Coyn in Honour of METROPOLIS ETIMINIS BASILICOS LONDINUM, not above half a Century after
CommodioThames washing the South-side, or dividing it from Southwark; being distatn about 60 MilMidlesex, or at the Conjunction of that Country with Surrey, though It is really a City and County of It self; having for four Miles to the North and South a pleasant Green Valley.
The City and Liberties contain 113 Parishes, and is Divided into six and Twenty Wards, each Govern’d by an Alderman and Deputy. It contains within the Walls 380 Acres, but within the Liberties (as ’tis in the MAP) Bounded on the South by the Thames, and on the West, North and East, with a Chain, the Line of the Freedom: It is 680 Acres; all as full of good and great Buildings as conveniency can allow. The Length from Temple-Bar in the West, to White-Chapel-Bars in the East, is 9256 Foot, or one Mile, six Furlongs, and a Pole: The Breadth is seven Furlongs and two Poles, or 4653 Foot, viz. from the Bars in Bishopsgate-street to the Bridg, One of the Remarkables of EUROPE, consisting in nineteen mighty Arches, being in Length sixty four Poles, or 1056 Foot, the fifth Part of an English Mile, accounting 8 Furlongs to a Mile, 40 Poles to a Furlong, 16 Foot and a half to a Pole.
But reckoning the adjoyning Suburbs and WESTMINSTER, and then measuring from Black-Wall inclusisive, to the End of St. James’s Street beyond Petty-France, it is seven Miles and a half; and from the End of St. Leonard Shoreditch, to the End of Blackman-street in Southwark, the Breadth from North to South, is above two Miles and a half.
The Ecclesiastical Government of the City of LONDON, is by a Bishop, who hath Precedency next to the Arch-Bishop; numbring in a continual Succession of Ten Centuries and an half, Ninety two Bishops. The Cathedral hath a Dean and Chapter, a Treasurer, and thirty Prebendaries: The Diocess contains contains Midlesex, Essex, and Part of Hertfordshire, and has Five Arch-Deacons, viz. of London, Midlesex, Essex, Colchester and St. Albans.
The old Cathedral Dedicated to St. Paul, containing in Length from East to West, six hundred and ninety Foot, in
Anno ElizabethCharlesCanterbury, with the Clergy, & the City of LONDON, It was at last wholly destroy’d by the dreadful Fire, September the 2, 3, and 4th.
The Civil Government of the City of LONDON, in the Romans Time was by a Præfect, the Title continuing three hundred Years: In the Saxons Time by a Portreeve; which after the Conquest was chang’d into, sometimes a Bailiff, and sometimes a Provost. Richard the FirstBailiffs, and JohnMayor and two Sheriffs: The Mayor with the
And to them is added, a Recorder, Chamberlain, Town-Cl erk, Common-Sergeant, Remembrancer, Vice-Chamberlain, &c.
The Militia of this City and Liberties, as it was Settled soon after His Majesty’s Restauration, in six Regiments of Train’d-Bands, and as many Auxiliaries, amount to twenty Thousand Foot, and the Horse eight hundred; the Tower Hamlets, with the Train’d-Bands of Southwark and Westminster eight Thousand five hundred more: But in Case of Necessity, there may be Rais’d at least eighty thousand able fighting Men, which being Officer’d by the Members of the Artillery-Company, Commanded by Hi
The Mayor of LONDON is, during
Lord; Four of his Domestick Attendants are Esquires, viz. the Sword-Bearer, the Common-Hunt, the Common-Cryer, and the Water-Bayliff. He is usually Chosen on Michaelmas Day,October, with great State, Convey’d to Westminster, where taking his Oath, and returning to the Guild-Hall of the City, a most Magnificent Feast is Prepar’d; frequently Honor’d with the Presence of the King and Queen, Nobility, and Judges, &c. The Sheriffs of the City are Sheriffs of Midlesex also, who attending the Lord-Mayor, appear Abroad usually on Horseback, wearing Gold-chians, and on Festivals their Scarlet Gowns, worn likewise by all the Aldermen; but such who have been Lord-Mayors, wear also their Gold-Chains ever after. The Lord-Mayor has His Great Mace and Sword born before Him, and at Coronations claims to be Chief Butler.
The Traders of this City are divided into several Corporations or Companies, the twelve Principal, of one of which the Lord-Mayor is always Free, are the Halls or Guilds resemble so many stately Pallaces; and their Government, not much unlike that or the City, is by a Master, Wardens, and Assistants: The rest of the Companies, to the Number of about Seventy, besides the first Twelve, have also their Halls, Governors, and Officers, with their Armorial Ensigns, &c. And are accounted One of the Glories of this Super-Eminent City.
To these We may add, the several Companies of Merchants Trading to Foreign Parts: As, Ruffia, Turky, East-India, East-Land, and Africa; whose great Adventures, Care and Conduct, for the Increase of Trade and Navigation, is (under Our Gracious Soveraign) the Glory, Riches, and Strength of not only this City, but the Kingdom also. These Merchants Meet, for the ready Dispatch of Business, twice
Thomas GreshamMercers
This great and populous City is supply’d with all sorts of Provisions and Necessaries for Sustenance and Delights, as well from the Shops and Butchers-Shambles, as the many Markets, wherewith both the City and Suburbs are furnish’d, and they plentifully Stor’d both from Land and Water. The Thames, which, twice a-day, brings into her Bosom, Ships Fraught with the Rarities and Riches of the World, is also convey’d by Engines into the highest Parts of the City; which, with the several Springs and Conduits, receiving adjacent Fountains, and the New-River, brought thither at great Labor and Cost, from Ware, by Hugh MidletonThames, from New-Castle, Scotland, Kent, and Essex.
Thus have We given you a Cursory Account of this Celebrated Emporium which for Situation, Exton, Government, Magnificence, Plenty, Riches and Strength, may Challenge any European City what soever.
We Proceed to the Explanation of the MAP, containing 25 Wards,ParishesLiberties,Streets,Lanes, 522 Alleys, 458 Courts,Yards bearing Name.
The Broad Black Line is the City Wall. The Line of the Freedom is a Chain. The Division of the Wards, thus o o o o The Parishes, Liberties, and Precincts by a Prick-line Ward and Parish is known by the Letters and Figures Distributed within their Bounds, which are plac’d in the Tables before their Names, Page 45. &c. The Wards by Capitals without Figures. The Parishes, &c. by Numbers without Letters. The Great Letters with Numbers refer to Halls, Great Buildings, and Inns. The Small Letters to Courts, Yards and Alleys, every Letter being repeated 99 times, and sprinkled in the Space of 5 Inches, running through the MAP, from the Left Hand to the Right, &c. Churches and Eminent Buildings are double Hatch’d, Streets, Lanes, Alleys, Courts, and Yards, are left White. Gardens, &c. faintly Prick’d. Where the Space admits the Name of the Place is in Words at length, but where there is not room, a Letter and Figure refers you to the Table, in which the Streets are Alphabetically dispos’d, and in every Street the Churches and Halls, Places of Note and Inns, with the Courts, Yards and Alleys, are named; then the Lanes in that Street, and the Churches, &c. as aforesaid, in each Lane.
The Figures between the Black Lines on the Left Hand of every Page, are the same that are above, below, and on the Sides of the MAP: The first Numbers are those on the Sides, and the Other those above and below; their Life is to shew in what
Street or Lane, &c. may be found: For Example, The Table begins with Addle Street, and against it you have 6-10. find 6 either on the Right or Left Side of the MAP, and guide your Eye till you come over or under 10, and in a Square of 5 Inches which those Figures Govern, you have Addle Street, and in that Square you will find B6. Plaisterers Hall, and B7. Brewers Hall, both in Addle Street; the next is 5-10 Phillip Lane, in Addle-street, yet not altogether in the same Square, but against 5 and under 10, therefore, where either the Lane or Court, &c. falls under other Numbers than those that directs to the Street, the Number is set against it; as, Aldersgate Street is in 3-8. but Black Horse Court in Aldersgate Street, is in 4-8. and Maidenhead Court in 5-9. Many Streets running through several Squares, either from East to West or North to South.
If there be no Figures nor Letters against any Name, then the Figures next above directs to the Square, and the Name is Engraven in the MAP; as, St. Botolph Aldersgate Church is in the Square made by 5-9 Again, any Letter and Figure you have in the MAP, and would know the Name of the Place, observe what Street it’s Passage is into, and that Street you readily find, being plac’d Alphabetically in the Table, and under that Street you have the Letter and Number in the MAP, and the Name of the Place; as in the Square made by 3 on the Side and 9 above, you find A18. the Street is Barbican, find Barbican in the Table, and under that Title you have 3-9 A18 The Earl of Bridgwater’s House. Not far from it, is b68 Plow Yard. And so of the Rest.
THIS Large Map of LONDON, truly Describing all the Streets, Passages and Buildings, at an hundred Foot in an Inch; Is Sold by Stationers Arms under the Royal Exchange in Thread-Needle Street, and Mr. 50 s. Cloath’d, Colour’d, &c.
This is also to give Notice, that Mr. English Atlas is Carry’d-on and will be finished by his Kinsman, Co smographer, at Mr.
And because several counterfeit Books and Maps, notoriously False especially of London, have been and others are Preparing to be Publish’d, You are Desir’d to Receive no Book or Map for Part of the Atlas or Survey, that hath not the Names of