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Database: The Map of Early Modern London
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TY - ELEC
A1 - Allison, Emily
ED - Jenstad, Janelle
T1 - Cardinal’s Hat (Southwark)
T2 - The Map of Early Modern London
ET - 7.0
PY - 2022
DA - 2022/05/05
CY - Victoria
PB - University of Victoria
LA - English
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/CARD3.htm
UR - https://mapoflondon.uvic.ca/edition/7.0/xml/standalone/CARD3.xml
ER -
The Cardinal’s Hat was located south of the Thames and west of the London Bridge in the ward of Southwark. It was part of a row of twelve licensed brothels or stewhouses along Bankside that were permitted by
Project Manager, 2022-present. Research Assistant, 2020-2022. Molly Rothwell was an undergraduate student at the University of Victoria, with a double major in English and History. During her time at MoEML, Molly primarily worked on encoding and transcribing the 1598 and 1633 editions of Stow’s
Research Assistant, 2018-2021. Lucas Simpson was a student at the University of Victoria.
Project Manager, 2020-2021. Assistant Project Manager, 2019-2020. Research Assistant, 2018-2020. Kate LeBere completed her BA (Hons.) in History and English at the University of Victoria in 2020. She published papers in
Programmer, 2018-present. Junior Programmer, 2015-2017. Research Assistant, 2014-2017. Joey Takeda was a graduate student at the University of British Columbia in the Department of English (Science and Technology research stream). He completed his BA honours in English (with a minor in Women’s Studies) at the University of Victoria in 2016. His primary research interests included diasporic and indigenous Canadian and American literature, critical theory, cultural studies, and the digital humanities.
Research Assistant, 2017-2019. Chase Templet was a graduate student at the University
of Victoria in the Medieval and Early Modern Studies (MEMS) stream. He was specifically
focused on early modern repertory studies and non-Shakespearean early modern drama,
particularly the works of
Data Manager, 2015-2016. Research Assistant, 2013-2015. Tye completed his undergraduate honours degree in English at the University of Victoria in 2015.
Research Assistant, 2012-2014. Nathan Phillips completed his MA at the University of Victoria specializing in medieval and early modern studies in April 2014. His research focused on seventeenth-century non-dramatic literature, intellectual history, and the intersection of religion and politics. Additionally, Nathan was interested in textual studies, early-Tudor drama, and the editorial questions one can ask of all sixteenth- and seventeenth-century texts in the twisted mire of 400 years of editorial practice. Nathan is currently a Ph.D. student in the Department of English at Brown University.
Director of Pedagogy and Outreach, 2015–2020. Associate Project Director, 2015. Assistant Project Director, 2013-2014. MoEML Research Fellow, 2013. Kim McLean-Fiander comes to
Janelle Jenstad is Associate Professor of English at the University of Victoria, Director of
Programmer at the University of Victoria Humanities Computing and Media Centre (HCMC). Martin ported the MOL project from its original PHP incarnation to a pure eXist database implementation in the fall of 2011. Since then, he has been lead programmer on the project and has also been responsible for maintaining the project schemas. He was a co-applicant on MoEML’s 2012 SSHRC Insight Grant.
Student contributor at Albion College, working under the guest editorship of
Actor with the
Third Duke of Somerset. Lancastrian military commander during the Wars of the Roses.
King of England and Ireland
King of England and Lord of Ireland
First Duke of Gloucester. Prince, soldier, and literary patron. Rebuit Baynard’s Castle after it was destroyed by fire in
Playwright and poet.
Historian and author of
Owner of Leaden Porch. Buried at St. Mary, Abchurch.
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark.
Poet. Tutor of
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark.
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark.
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark.
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark.
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark. Brother of
Owner of Cardinal’s Hat, Southwark. Sister of
The
As the only bridge in London crossing the Thames until
Described by Weinreb as redolent of squalor and vice
(Weinreb 39), London’s Bankside district in Southwark was known for its taverns, brothels and playhouses in the early modern period. However, in approximately
The city of London, not to be confused with the allegorical character (
The Bear Garden was never a garden, but rather a polygonal bearbaiting arena whose exact locations across time are not known (Mackinder and Blatherwick 18). Labelled on the Agas map as The Bearebayting
, the Bear Garden would have been one of several permanent structures—wooden arenas, dog kennels, bear pens—dedicated to the popular spectacle of bearbaiting in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries.
On the Agas map there are nine rectangular and square pike gardens, or artificial fishponds, located in the liberty of Southwark among the bear and bullbaiting arenas. These nine pike gardens, however, give only an approximate indication of the size, shape, and location of early modern London’s three major aquaculture operations—the Winchester House Pike Garden, the King’s (or Queen’s) Pike Garden, and the Great Pike Garden—each of which dates to the Middle Ages. These fishponds relied on two separate types of holding areas: the vivarium, or breeding pond, and the servatorium, or holding pond. To catch and sort fish, workers drained the shallow ponds through diversion conduits equipped with gates and sluices. Freshwater fish cultivated in estate gardens were considered a luxury dish well into the eighteenth century, especially the pike, an aggressive predator that was admired and feared in
PLACEHOLDER LOCATION ITEM. The purpose of this item is to allow encoders to link to a location item when they cannot add a new location file for some reason. MoEML may still be seeking information regarding this entry. If you have information to contribute, please contact the MoEML team.
According to
The Boar’s Head was one of the twelve licensed brothels in Southwark. In his
Beares heade(Stow 1598, sig. Y6v). This error is corrrected in the
Boares heade, the Crosse keyes, the Gunne, the Castle, the Crane, the Cardinals Hat, the Bel, the Swanne &c(Stow 1633, sig. 2Q3r).
The Globe was the open-air, public theatre in which
According to
According to
According to
According to
Cardinal’s Hat Tavern was a tavern that likely sat at the meeting of Cornhill and Lombard Street.
Lombard Street was known by early modern Londoners as a place of commerce and trade. Running east to west from Gracechurch Street to Poultry, Lombard Street bordered Langbourn Ward, Walbrook Ward, Bridge Within Ward, and Candlewick Street Ward.
Langbourn Ward is west of Aldgate Ward. According to a long borne of ſweete water
which once broke out of the ground in Fenchurch Street, a street running through the middle of Langbourn Ward (Stow 1603). The long borne of ſweete water
no longer existed at the time of
This large parish on the south bank of the Thames was part of the deanery of Southwark, in the diocese of Winchester and the province of Canterbury.
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Location:
"geometry": {"type":"Point","coordinates":[-0.09773,51.508247]}
The Cardinal’s Hat was located south of the Thames and west of the London Bridge in the ward of Southwark. It was part of a row of twelve licensed brothels or stewhouses along Bankside that were permitted by considering that the dissolute and miserable persons who have been suffered to dwell beside London and elsewhere in places called the Stewes
(proclaimed by sound of Trumpet, no more to be priuiledged, and vsed as a common Bordell,
they continued to operate beyond
Although the Cardinal’s Hat is not located on the Agas Map, Martha Carlin maps out Bankside circa based in part
on Plate 59 of
There is yet on the Bankside an alley called(Toone 80). Indeed, the address No. 49 Bankside looking out over the Thames is considered the precise location of the former brothel (Cardinal Cap Alley, from the sign of one of the brothels beingThe Cardinal’s Cap
old Elizabethan structure ofthe house was1579 remains,
rebuilt in whole or in part inaccording to a1710 ,
These allowed Stew-houses had signes on their fronts, towards the Thames, not hanged out, but painted on the wals as Boares head, the Crosse keyes, the Gunne, the Castle, the Crane, the Cardinals Hat, the Bell, the Swanne, &c.(Stow 1598, sig. Y6v). In addition to the Southwark brothel, though, several other places of business, such as inns and taverns, also operated under the name
an inn called the Cardinal’s Hat in Southwark, not in the Stews but in the High Street, across from the Cross Keys Inn. It was later called the Pope’s Head, and then, by(Kelly 357). Thus, documents mentioning a place called the1542 , the King’s Head
The Cardinal’s Hat is said to have had a continuous existence since sporadic openings and closings
over the centuries (Kelly 369). Nor is it clear that the establishment by this name was always a brothel. Early mentions of the Cardinal’s Hat describe it as simply a tenement
(stew
(Kelly 355). Although ponds maintained by fishmongers
(Kelly 351). The earliest recorded usage of the word rolls of
(Kelly 353). No references to stews before this date can confidently be translated as brothels.
A Cardinal’s Hat was in voyd ground
by gap in history
before the Cardinal’s Hat appears again in a lease to
What new what news But at [he] naked stewes I vnder stande how that The syne of the Cardynall hat That Inne is now shyt vp With gup whore gup/now gup
The economic history of Bankside is fluid and often unclear. Properties changed hands frequently
from erected in what had been gardens,
which led to the creation of alleys mostly running from Bankside through to Maiden Lane
(Burford 148-149). It is thus possible that during this time, Cardinal’s Cap (or Hat) Alley came into existence. Following
once with business associates and another time with the vestrymen of St. Savior’s parish(
Even though the its history is at times unclear, there are frequent allusions to prostitution associated with the Cardinal’s Hat in early modern literature. Beyond
Have you not seen a Bathol’mew Baby(
prostitute sight(
They talk’t of his having a Cardinalls Hat, / They’d send him as soon an Old Nuns Twat(
Stand back thou manifest conspirator. Thou that contrived’st to murder our dead lord, Thou that giv’st whores indulgences to sin, I’ll canvas thee in thy broad cardinal’s hat If thou proceed in this thy insolence
Winchester goose(Shakespeare 421), which is yet another term used to describe prostitutes, since the
Despite the uncertainty surrounding it, the many allusions to the Cardinal’s Hat as a brothel suggest that, even if it was not continually in business as a brothel over the centuries, it made enough of an impression on contemporary writers that it permeates their works as a known cultural reference.