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Knightrider Street ran east-west from Dowgate Street to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. Significant landmarks included: the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons.
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Knightrider Street ran east-west
from Dowgate Street to Addle Hill, crossing College Hill, Garlick Hill, Trinity
Lane, Huggin Lane, Bread Street, Old Fish Street Hill, Lambert or Lambeth Hill, St. Peter’s Hill, and Paul’s Chain. The Agas Map labels it Knyght Ryder ſtreat
.
The etymology of the street’s name, first documented in 1322 (Ekwall 82), is obscure. so called (as is supposed) of Knights well armed and mounted at the Tower Royall, ryding from thence
through that street, west to Creede
lane, and so out at Ludgate towards Smithfield, when they were there to turney,
picturesque
etymology of
the street’s name (83).
The middle section of Knightrider
Street was known as Old Fish
Street, not to be confused with the Old Fish Street in Bread Street Ward off Cheapside Street. Knightriders streete, or as they call that part thereof, Old Fishstreet
(Stow 1:344). His references suggest that Old Fish Street
ran from at least
Distaff Lane to Bread Street. Ekwall notes that this
portion of Knightrider Street was
sometimes known as New Fish Street
(74), and argues that the other
Old Fish Street was the earlier
instance of the name (75). It seems
clear from twelfth-century references to St. Mary Magdalen, Old Fish Street
(50). This church, numbered 13 on the
Agas map, is west of
Two significant landmarks in Knightrider
Street are the College of Physicians and Doctors’ Commons. The College of Physicans was
founded in 1518 in a building known as Stone House, the personal house of
Thomas Linacre. The College (now the Royal College of Physicians) indicates
on its website that Stone House stood on the site of what is now the Faraday
Building, a large complex spanning Knightrider Street, and bounded by Carter Lane, Godliman Street (formerly Paul’s Chain), Queen Victoria Street
(formerly Thames Street), and Addle Hill. The College’s website
includes pages on the architectural history of its buildings and its
institutional history. Chirurgerie
to be read in the Colledge of Phisitions in Knightriders streete
was founded in 1582. The
first lecture took place on to be continued for euer twice
euery weeke, on Wednesday, and Fryday
(Stow 1:75).
Doctors’ Commons was the lodgings and
workplace of a society of lawyers, founded in 1511, who practised in the
ecclesiastical and [o]n the west side of this streete [Paul’s Chain], is one other great house builded of stone, which
belongeth to Powles church, and was
somtime letten to the Blunts Lordes Mountioy, but of latter time to a
colledge in Cambridge, and from them to the Doctors of the Ciuill law and
Arches, who keepe a Commons there, and many of them being there lodged, it
is called the Doctors Commons
(Stow 2:17). The complex burned in the Great
Fire of 1666, was rebuilt shortly thereafter, and was eventually demolished
in 1867 (see Smith 113–14; Kent 249). The site is now occupied by the sprawling
Faraday Building, which boasts a plaque indicating that the Commons once
stood there. (See also Thornbury 281–93.)
Knightrider Street passed through Queenhithe Ward and Castle Baynard Ward. It marked the boundaries between Bread Street Ward and Queenhithe Ward, between Cordwainer Street Ward and Vintry Ward, and between Cordwainer Street Ward and Downgate Ward. The street is now in EC4 (Smith 113) and, truncated in the east, now runs from Addle Hill to Peter’s Hill. Ekwall suggests that it runs to Queen Victoria Street (82); it no longer does, if it ever did. The street, once a major thoroughfare and ward boundary, is now an insignificant alley between buildings.