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Guidelines for Contributors

Normally, The Map of Early Modern London (MoEML) welcomes contributions from scholars and graduate students with academic credentials in the disciplines of English, History, Geography, Architectural History, Economic History, and/or Archeology. Other contributions will be considered if the author can establish his or her ability (on the basis of past publication, institutional affiliation, and/or professional experience) to perform scholarly research. All contributions will be vetted through a scholarly review process by one or more vetters and corroborated by other contributors through a cross-vetting procedure.
We do not normally accept unsolicited contributions. Although a page may currently be empty on the website, it may already have been assigned to a contributor. If you are interested in writing a street or site page, please contact the General Editor. Suggestions for links or sources are also welcome.
If you would like to propose another type of contribution, such as a compilation of literary references, a diplomatic transcription of a text for the Library, an edition of a text, or a layer of data for the map, contact the General Editor.

Contributor Guidelines for Street or Site Short Essays

Normally, The Map of Early Modern London welcomes contributions from scholars and graduate students with academic credentials in the disciplines of English, History, Geography, Architectural History, Economic History, and/or Archeology. Other contributions will be considered if the author can establish his or her ability (on the basis of past publication, institutional affiliation, and/or professional experience) to perform scholarly research. All contributions will be vetted through a scholarly review process by one or more vetters.
We do not normally accept unsolicited contributions. Although a page may currently be empty on the website, it may already have been assigned to a contributor. If you are interested in writing a street or site page or in adding information to a page, please contact the General Editor (jenstad@uvic.ca).

Information to Include in Your Essay

Pages on the MoEMLwebsite vary in length and comprehensiveness, depending on the amount of information available. To some extent, the information you include and the way in which you organize it will depend upon your street/site and upon your area of expertise. The general suggestions that follow may be adapted for the particular needs of your street/site. Janelle Jenstad welcomes suggestions (especially from scholars outside the disciplines of English and History) for other types of information that we might include.
  1. Location
    • If you are writing about a street, indicate its beginning point and end point and the streets it traverses. We try to follow Stow's habitual trajectories (east to west, and north to south). In your descriptions, work from east to west or north to south as applicable and whenever possible.
    • All the streets and sites you mention in your essay will become links to other pages on the website. Use the standard spellings given in the website index. If a street or site is not listed in the index, please alert the General Editor (Janelle Jenstad) to have it added to the index.
    • If you are writing about a site, indicate its location in terms of nearby streets, giving precise coordinates wherever possible (e.g., "the southwest corner of the intersection of Cheapside and Soper Lane").
    • If the street/site is labelled on the "Agas" map, indicate the spelling and location of the label. You may also want to comment on whether or not the street/site appears on other early maps of London.
    • Consult Prockter and Taylor's An A to Z of Elizabethan London and comment on their location of the street/site (whether it concurs with or differs from the label on the "Agas" map).
    • Consult Stow's A Survey of London (1603 text as given in Kingsford's edition). Indicate which wards the street/site passes through. [New edition of the Contributor Guidelines asks contributors to cite from the transcription of Kingsford's edition available at British History Online.]
  2. If relevant, the origin of street/site name and/or its etymology. General sources include Stow, Ekwall, Weinreb et al (3rd edition), Smith, and Bebbington. See Sources tab on MoEML website and the brief bibliography below.
  3. Stow's comments on the street/site. Cite or paraphrase what Stow says, which may or may not be rolled into the discussion of origin, plus what other people have said about Stow (if relevant). Although we quote from the 1908 Kingsford edition of the 1603 version of A Survey, you may also wish to consult the 1598 and 1633 editions (the latter revised by Anthony Munday and Humphrey Dyson). Deletions and additions are often revelatory of changes in London.
  4. Other research about the early modern significance of, functions of, and landmarks on the street/site. I also recommend that you search British History Online (a repository of primary and secondary sources), London's Past Online, and Historical Abstracts. If your street is surveyed in The London Surveys of Ralph Treswell, include whatever information you can about the inhabitants of the street.
  5. Literary references, which you may roll into the previous section if it seems appropriate to do so. Some streets/sites already have a small library of literary references on MoEML website. For all streets/sites, you will need to search Early English Books Online to find all the references to the street/site. If there are many references, you may need to be selective; cite and discuss representative passages, grouping them according to some logic.
  6. Subsequent history of the street, if there is anything interesting to be said. Pepys's Diary and Strype's 1720 revised version of A Survey of London may be useful sources, along with the subsequent A to Z historical atlases of London (see bibliography below).
  7. If possible/relevant, the current state of the street/site. If it has been rerouted, curtailed, or demolished, indicate the date and reason for the change wherever possible. If the street still exists, describe notable current occupants and functions if you can.

Notes on Style and Presentation

  • Submit files to jenstad@uvic.ca as email attachments. We prefer Microsoft Word files (any version up to 2007, .doc or .docx), OpenOffice files, or .rtf files.
  • Style and Documentation: Follow The Map of Early Modern LondonCitation Guide, which modifies some of the requirements laid out in The MLA Handbook (7th ed.). [Note that we no longer use "smart quotes" (curly quotation marks and apostrophes) anywhere in the site, contrary to our decision in the first edition of these guidelines. Please deselect any autocorrect functions that turn straight quotation marks and apostrophes into curly ones.]
  • A crucial part of your work is the identification of the sites/streets/churches to which references in your essay should point. Use double square brackets or the comment feature of OpenOffice or MS-Word to give the XML:id of the site. E.g., "…Gracechurch Street [[GRAC1]]…." See our [[insert title of helpful document]] on how to determine the unique XML:id assigned to each site/street/church/reference on MoEML.
  • If you wish to include images in your essay, you must document your sources(s) and (if relevant) have obtained permission to reproduce the image(s). If you have taken the picture yourself, please give us your written permission to reproduce your photograph.
  • Transcribe quotations carefully. MoEML does not modernize long s, u/v, vv/w, or i/j. We retain common ligatures like æ. We do not, however, reproduce printers' ligatures like ſt. We reproduce early modern contracted forms (yt, ye) exactly as they appear in the source text. Likewise, we reproduce the use of the vowel + tilde to indicate a contracted nasal or –r ending (e.g., Jõ for John and prson or pẽson for person). You will find the long s (ſ) and many other symbols, ligatures, and combining diacritical marks in the character map in most computer operating systems. In Windows XP, for example, follow this path: Start / All Programs / Accessories / System Tools / Character Map. For all other symbols, check the Unicode charts. For example, the long s (ſ) is U+017F. The double-struck capital C that is often used as a paragraph indicator in early sixteenth-century printed texts is U+2102. If you need to insert a unicode character in your transcription, enclose it in double square brackets:
    [[U+2102]] To you theyr names / I wyll declare
  • Stow quotations must be taken from the Kingsford edition of 1908, as transcribed on British History Online. Document quotations by volume and page number with Arabic numerals thus: (Stow 2.34). Reproduce spellings and punctuation exactly as in Kingsford's edition. Note that Kingsford does modernize the long s.
  • Proofreading: We strongly recommend that you turn off your word processing program's spell-checker. Double-check every letter of every quotation against your sources. Check your page or line references carefully.
  • If you want to write an explanatory note to the general editor and/or the encoders, enclose your note in double square brackets.

SUGGESTED SOURCES

1. Select Primary Sources

  • Chamberlain, John.The Letters of John Chamberlain. Ed. Norman Egbert McClure. 2 vols. Philadelphia: The American Philosophical Society, 1939.
  • Machyn, Henry. A London Provisioner's Chronicle, 1550-1563, by Henry Machyn: Manuscript, Transcription, and Modernization. Ed. Richard W. Bailey, Marilyn Miller, and Colette Moore. Ann Arbor: U of Michigan P, 2006. http://quod.lib.umich.edu/m/machyn/. Web. The Map of Early Modern London cites from this edition rather than Nichols's nineteenth-century edition. We cite by the date of the entry thus: (Machyn 1550-08-04).
  • Pepys, Samuel. The Diary of Samuel Pepys: A New and Complete Transcription. Ed. Robert Latham and William Matthews. 11 vols. Berkeley : U of California P, 1970-1983. Print. We cite by volume and page number thus: (Pepys 1.234). [Added 30 May 2011.]
  • Schofield, John, ed. The London Surveys of Ralph Treswell. London: London Topographical Society, 1987. Publication no. 135 of the London Topographical Society.
  • Strype, John. A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster: Containing the Original, Antiquity, Increase, Modern Estate, and Government of those Cities. London, 1720. Print. Rpt. as An Electronic Edition of John Strype's A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster. Ed. Julia Merritt (Stuart London Project). Version 1.0. Sheffield: hriOnline, 2007. http://www.hrionline.ac.uk/strype/index.jsp. Web. [Added 16 April 2010.]

2. Select Secondary Sources

  • Bebbington, Gillian. London Street Names. London: B.T. Batsford, 1972.
  • Harben, Henry. A Dictionary of London. London: Henry Jenkins, 1918. Print. Rpt. British History Online. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/source.aspx?pubid=3. Web. Harben's Dictionary is organized alphabetically. One can also do keyword searches for words that occur within entries. In our in-text parenthetical references (Harben; BHO), click on BHO to go directly to the page containing the quotation or source. [Source updated 31 August 2011.]
  • Ekwall, Eilert. Street-Names of the City of London. Oxford: Clarendon, 1965.
  • Prockter, Adrian, and Robert Taylor, comps. The A to Z of Elizabethan London. London: Guildhall Library, 1979. This volume is our primary source for identifying and naming map locations.
  • Smith, Al. Dictionary of City of London Street Names. New York: Arco, 1970.
  • Weinreb, Ben, and Christopher Hibbert. The London Encyclopaedia. New York: St. Martin's, 1983. Print. You may also wish to consult the 3rd edition of The London Encyclopedia (2008).

2.1. Other A to Z Historical Atlases

While Prockter and Taylor's The A to Z of Elizabethan London remains the primary source for identifying streets and sites on the "Agas" map, the A to Z historical atlases of later maps of London may be useful in identifying the history of a street or site after the early modern period. In the case of The A to Z atlases of Restoration, Georgian, Regency, and Victorian London, we cite the volume by the maker of the map that is reproduced in the atlas. In the cases of the Elizabethan and Edwardian A to Z atlases, we cite by the editors' names to acknowledge their very significant labours in identifying locations on the map.
  • Ogilby, John. The A to Z of Restoration London (The City of London, 1676). Introduced by Ralph Hyde. Indexed by John Fisher and Roger Cline. London: London Topographical Society, 1992.
  • The A to Z of Georgian London. Introductory Notes by Ralph Hyde. London: Harry Margary, 1982. Print. London Topographical Society Publication 126. [Added 29 March 2010.]
  • Horwood, Richard. The A to Z of Regency London. Introduced by Paul Laxton. Indexed by Joseph Wisdom. London: London Topographical Society, 1985.
  • Bacon, G.W., and Co.The A to Z of Victorian London. Introduced by Ralph Hyde. London: London Topographical Society, 1987.
  • Saunders, Ann, ed. The A to Z of Edwardian London. Introduced by M.H. Port. London: London Topographical Society, 2007.

3. Select Reference Books

  • Sherbo, Arthur. "Heber, Richard (1774–1833)." Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Ed. H.C.G. Matthew and Brian Harrison. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2004. http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/12854.The subscription database is accessible through many major university and research libraries. Use the abbreviation ODNB in parenthetical references. See the MoEML Citation Guide for examples of citations.
  • OED. The Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford: Oxford UP, n.d. http://www.oed.com.The subscription database is accessible through many major university and research libraries. Use the abbreviation OED in parenthetical references. See the MoEML Citation Guide for examples of citations.

3. Select Databases and Other Archives

  • British History Online. London: University of London & History of Parliament Trust, 2007. http://www.british-history.ac.uk/. This website is a rich repository of primary and secondary sources.
  • Early English Books Online (EEBO). http://eebo.chadwyck.com/home. Scans of all the books available in the Early English Books Microfilm Collections I and II (from the Pollard and Redgrave Short Title Catalogue and the Wing Short Title Catalogues). Many of the works have been transcribed and are thus searchable through the Text Creation Partnership (EEBO-TCP). This subscription database is accessible through many major university and research libraries. See the MoEML Citation Guide for examples of citations.
  • Lexicons of Early Modern English (LEME). Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2006. http://leme.library.utoronto.ca.The subscription database is accessible through many major university and research libraries.
  • Bibliography of British and Irish History. (Includes the former Royal Historical Society Bibliography and London's Past Online.) Institute of Historical Research, Royal Historical Society and Brepols Publishers, 2010. http://apps.brepolis.net/bbih/search.cfm. The subscription database is accessible through many major university and research libraries. Use the abbreviation OED in parenthetical references. See the MoEML Citation Guide for examples of citations.
  • Historical Abstracts. EBSCO Publishing. http://www.ebscohost.com/public/historical-abstracts. Subscription database available through research libraries.

Assessing Internet Sources

It is up to you to assess the scholarly credibility of any website you cite. At the moment, MoEML avoids citing blogs, on-line discussions, on-line forum contributions, and any on-line sources of indeterminate provenance and/or authorship.
Dr. Janelle Jenstad welcomes both comments on this document and suggestions for other print and online sources.

Citation Guide

We often resolve matters of style and documentation as new contributions present new challenges. This document is therefore a work in progress and will be updated regularly.
For the most part, we follow The MLA Handbook (6th edition) on matters on style and documentation. For queries not addressed by The MLA Handbook, we follow The Chicago Manual of Style (15th edition). However, we have made the following modifications for the website:
Commas
  • We use the Oxford Comma (a comma after the second-last item in a list).
Cross-References (see also Multiple Works by one Author)
  • We do not follow 5.6.10 of The MLA Handbook, which recommends a cross-referencing system when one cites multiple works from a collection. No matter how many works we cite from a collection, we give complete bibliographic details for each one. We do so because the bibliography for a page is dynamically generated from a bibliographic database for the entire site.
Dashes
  • We use the long em dash without spacing rather than the short en dash: It is unclear whether the Swan was used for any plays in 1595—playing was suspended that summer.
Databases—see URLs (citation of)
Dates
  • The format for dates is 11 May 1598.
  • Old-style dates are indicated thus: 11 February 1598/9 or 11 February 1599/1600.
Editorial Ellipses
  • We follow the 5th edition of the MLA Handbook in enclosing all editorial ellipses in square brackets, in order to distinguish them from authorial ellipses.
  • Ellipses are formatted as three periods without spaces between the periods but with spaces before and after the square brackets: A shop [… is] discovered.
Foreign-Language Words
  • Italicize Latin and other foreign-language words.
  • If such words appear in sources from which you are quoting, preserve the original formatting of your source.
  • Give a translation in square brackets.
Line Breaks in Poetry
  • If you are citing three or fewer lines poetry within your own prose, indicate line breaks with a forward slash. Leave a space on either side of the slash.
  • Indicate omissions with ellipses in editorial square brackets.
Multiple Works by one Author (see also Cross-References)
  • Although MLA style calls for four dashes in lieu of the author’s name for second and subsequent items by one author, we include the author’s name in each bibliographic entry regardless of how many works you cite by that author in your contribution. We do so because the bibliography for a page is dynamically generated from a bibliographic database for the entire site.
Notes (citation of)
  • Citing notes: (98 n.1)
Primary Texts: STC Numbers and Database Reprints
  • If you cite from an original primary text (not a modern edition thereof), give the title as it appears in the Short Title Catalogue and the STC number (Pollard and Redgrave 2nd edition for STC I) as follows:
    Goodman, Nicholas. Hollands leaguer. London, 1632. STC 12027.
  • If the text is available in photofacsimile through Early English Books Online or another database, consider the electronic publication a reprint and give the URL as below. If the text is available in multiple databases, give priority to the database with free access provided scholarly standards are observed by the database. If there is a stable URL pointing to the text, give that URL; otherwise, give the URL for the top page of the site. We will turn the URL into a live link: Goodman, Nicholas. Hollands leaguer. London, 1632. STC 12027. Rpt. Early English Books Online: http://eebo.chadwyck.com/home.
Punctuation Placement and Spacing
  • ONE space only after a colon or a period. However, when giving the page reference for a quotation from a multi-volume work, do not include a space after the colon: (Chambers 4:128).
  • NO spaces between initials: A.H. Bullen in the main text and Bullen, A.H. in the Sources.
  • Periods and commas go inside quotation marks. If a parenthetical reference follows, the final punctuation is deferred until after the closing parenthesis.
Paragraph Spacing
  • Paragraphs are separated by one extra return.
  • Do not indent a new paragraph.
Quotation Marks
  • We use double quotation marks for all quotations.
  • Quotations within quotations are marked with single quotation marks.
  • We use “curly” quotation marks and apostrophe marks. When documents are submitted for encoding, quotation marks and apostrophe marks must already by formatted in this style.
Quotations—second-hand
  • If you quote material second-hand, give bibliographical details for both the original source and for the source you consulted. Separate the two pieces of information with a semi-colon: (PRO Req.2/266/23; qtd. in Ingram 189).
Series Titles
  • It is our preference to include series titles (New Mermaids, Revels Plays). Series titles, which are not italicized, are included after information about the editor and the edition (if it is a second or subsequent edition). Example:
    Middleton, Thomas. A Chaste Maid in Cheapside. Ed. Alan Brissenden. 2nd ed. New Mermaids. London: Benn, 2002.
Signature Numbers
  • When citing from early modern texts, use the signature number to document your quotations parenthetically. Use the abbreviation “Sig.” in your parenthetical reference. Example:
    John Taylor mentions numerous taverns on Tower Street, including the "Beare and Dolphin" (Sig. B3r), the "White Lyon at the end of Tower street, neere tower Hill" (Sig. D1r), and the “Rose against Barking Church” (Sig. D3r).
Spacing
  • Periods and colons are followed by only one space.
Spelling
  • We use Canadian spellings throughout the site: theatre not theater (American spelling); colour not color (American spelling); recognize not recognise (British spelling).
  • In Canadian spelling, the doubling of consonants before a suffix is optional in some words. In such cases, our projects chooses to double the consonant: labelled, labelling.
  • We respect the spelling conventions of the sources we quote. (You may need to turn off the spell-check function of your word-processing program.)
  • We use “licence” as the noun and “license” as the verb.
Stage Directions (citation of)
  • Original stage directions in early texts are documented according to the printer’s foliation, just as any quotation from an early text would be: (Middleton Sig. C2v).
  • Original or editorial stage directions quoted from modern scholarly editions are documented by the previous line number: (MND 4.1.25 s.d.). A stage direction at the beginning of a scene is documented thus: (MND 4.1.0. s.d.).
Terminology (preferences)
  • We prefer "early modern" (no caps) over Renaissance.
Theatre Companies (names of early modern)
  • Early modern theatre companies’ names were not standardized. The Lord Chamberlain’s Men were also known as the Servants of the Lord Chamberlain, the Lord Chamberlain his servants, and variations thereon. For the purposes of consistency throughout the site, we use the following style of designation: Lord Chamberlain’s Men, Earl of Pembroke’s Men.
URLs (citation of)
  • Websites are cited by author (if there is one), title, place, publisher (if there is one), and date (of first publication, if it can be determined). Give the URL at the end of the citation and, if necessary, the pathway or search terms. We will encode the URL as a live link. Example:
    • Lexicons of Early Modern English (LEME). Toronto: U of Toronto P, 2006. http://leme.library.utoronto.ca.[Our links are not underlined in the website, but do show up in a different colour.]
  • Titles of on-line databases are italicized (e.g., Early English Books Online).
  • Hey, David. The Oxford Dictionary of Local and Family History. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1997. Oxford Reference Online. [date accessed] [url]. Keyword: new draperies.
  • (Hey, "new draperies")

This research was supported by the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council.

Humanities Computing and Media Centre       University of Victoria
SSHRC
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